Unit 2 博览万象 融会中西之文化通览（Word教参）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版）

本讲义围绕园林文化、未来职业等主题构建英语语言学习体系，通过高频词汇（如classic, integrate）积累、话题佳句（如园林文化复合句）模仿、语篇填空（豫园历史）练习及长难句分析（数字护林员阅读中的从句），搭建从词汇到语篇的能力提升支架。 该资料以文化意识为核心，融合语言能力与思维品质。园林文化模块结合豫园建造历程渗透家国情怀，数字护林员阅读借科技应用（无人机、AI）拓展国际视野，文学节选通过词汇注释（如account熟词生义）和语法分析提升理解与批判性思维。课中辅助主题式教学，课后助学生巩固词汇、分析句型，弥补语篇理解短板。

园林文化 【高频词汇】 1．classic adj.　　　　　　 传统的 2．boast v. 有(值得自豪的东西) 3．construction n. 建筑；建造 4．pavilion n. 亭，阁 5．integrate v. 合并，成为一体 6．tile n. 瓦片 7．architect n. 建筑师 8．superficially adv. 表面(上)地 9．firm adj. 实的；稳固的 10．brick n. 砖，砖块 11．historical site 历史遗迹 12．take inspiration from 从……中获取灵感 【话题佳句】 1．The garden culture in China is not only a display of artistic beauty but also a carrier of cultural heritage, where traditional Chinese aesthetics, philosophy, and lifestyle are intricately woven into the layout and design of gardens like the Summer Palace in Beijing. 中国的园林文化不仅是艺术之美的展现，而且是文化遗产的载体，其中传统的中国美学、哲学和生活方式都巧妙地融入了像北京颐和园这样的园林布局和设计中。 2．(外研选必三U5)The building was designed to show the connection between nature and the modern city environment in which it sits.Shaped to resemble a lotus flower, it appears to float above the waterfront promenade and the water that surrounds it. 设计这座建筑是为了展示自然和它所处的现代城市环境之间的联系。它的形状像一朵莲花，似乎漂浮在海滨长廊和周围的水面上。 Yuyuan Garden is the largest and most celebrated classic Chinese garden in Shanghai, boasting a history of more than 450 years. Pan Yunduan was the first to put 1.forward the idea of building the garden in 1559. Pan was the son of Pan En, a high official during the Ming Dynasty. The son decided to create a garden for his father shortly after he failed the imperial examinations. The name “Yuyuan” carries the auspicious (吉利的) meanings of“peace and 2.security(secure)”， reflecting Pan Yunduan's heartfelt wishes for his father's wellbeing. Pan picked the family's vegetable garden in the northeast of the Old City of Shanghai as the site for the project. But soon after the construction began, Pan 3.was appointed(appoint) an official of remote Sichuan in southwestern China. The garden was not completed until Pan returned to Shanghai nearly 20 years later. But before Pan died, he 4.had used(use) up most of his wealth and had to sell his land and property to make ends meet. His granddaughter's husband inherited Yuyuan Garden. Over the years it changed hands several times 5.and was used as the British army's headquarters during the First Opium War and the Small Swords Society during the Taiping Rebellion. It also suffered severe damage during the 6.occupation(occupy) and later was further ruined by Japanese invaders. It was not until the late 1950s 7.that the garden was fully repaired by the Shanghai government. Like other classic Chinese gardens, Yuyuan Garden 8.listed(list) as a key historical site under state protection in 1982—is known for its miniature (微型的) landscapes 9.comprising(comprise) ponds, rocks，trees and flowers. It also has a variety of halls, pavilions, towers and bridges. Moreover, Yuyuan Garden is connected to the City God Temple and Yuyuan Mart. The temple, market and garden are seamlessly(无缝地) integrated, 10.combining(combine) temple activities, folk traditions, leisure, shopping, dining sightseeing and cultural activities. Job Title of the Future: Digital Forest Ranger Adapted from MIT Technology Review When Martin Roth began his career as a forest ranger in the 1980s, his job was to care for the forest in a way that would ensure continuity for decades, even centuries. Now, with climate change, it's more about planning for an uncertain future. “It's turned into disaster management，” says Roth, for whom the 3，000 acres of forest along the northeastern shore of Lake Constance in Germany double as testing ground for high-tech solutions, earning him the title “digital forest ranger” in the German forestry community. After a catastrophic storm, the clock starts ticking. Damaged trees need to be removed before the arrival of bark beetles, which breed in dead trees and can go on to devastate entire forests. While it used to take Roth two and a half hours to cover an acre of forest on foot, drones now let him survey the entire 3，000 acres in days, so he can quickly locate damaged trees, identify and inform the owners of affected plots. Roth also has digitally mapped all the logging trails and equipped tree harvesters with high-precision satellite antennas so the machines can precisely follow the same route for decades and easily find them in the chaotic aftermath of a storm. His most recent project is combining body camera footage with AI. “When trees are felled, usually you have no idea how much timber you'll end up with—how many cubic meters, what quality, which tree species，” he explains. Now AI, “looking” through his body camera, automatically recognizes the tree species he has marked and estimates the amount of timber it will produce, sending the information to his phone in real time. Up to half of European tree species are unsuited to rising temperatures and extended drought periods, so Roth has begun experimenting with new species, planting them in small batches and keeping track of them in his system. 1．ranger n．护林员 2．continuity n．连续性；持续性 3．double as 兼作 4．testing ground 试验场 5．the clock starts ticking 某事需要立即采取行动；时间不等人 6．bark beetle 树皮甲虫 7．breed v．繁殖 8．devastate v．摧毁 9．cover (熟词生义) v．巡查 10．locate v．找出……的准确位置 11．plot (熟词生义) n．地块 12．antenna n．天线 13．chaotic adj.混乱的 14．aftermath n．后果，创伤 15．footage n．镜头 16．timber n．木材 17．automatically adv.自动地 18．experiment (熟词生义) v. 进行试验 19．batch n．批 答案：1.role　2.applications　3.Measures Martin Roth, a forest 1.ranger whose career began in the 1980s, now focuses on disaster management due to 2.climate change. He employs drones, digital mapping, and AI with body cameras to safeguard forests, while 3.experimenting with new tree species to adapt to rising temperatures and extended drought. 1.“It's turned into disaster management，” says Roth, for whom the 3，000 acres of forest along the northeastern shore of Lake Constance in Germany double as testing ground for high-tech solutions, earning him the title “digital forest ranger” in the German forestry community. [分析]　句中“for whom... solutions”为“介词＋关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句；“earning him... community ”为现在分词短语作状语。 [翻译]　“这已经演变成了灾难管理，”罗斯说。对他而言，位于德国康斯坦茨湖东北岸的3 000英亩森林同时充当了高科技解决方案的测试场，这让他在德国林业界获得了“数字护林员”的称号。 2.While it used to take Roth two and a half hours to cover an acre of forest on foot, drones now let him survey the entire 3，000 acres in days, so he can quickly locate damaged trees, identify and inform the owners of affected plots. [分析]　句中While用作并列连词，意为“而，然而”，表示对比，so引导结果状语从句。 [翻译]　尽管过去罗斯步行巡查一英亩林地需要两个半小时，但如今无人机让他在几天内就能巡查完3 000英亩林地，因此他能快速定位受损树木，并识别和通知受影响地块的主人。 My Uncle Makes a Great Discovery Excerpt from A Journey to the Center of the Earth 一个坚定果敢，具有献身精神的科学探险家同他的侄儿和向导汉恩斯按照前人的指引，在地底经过整整三个月的艰辛跋涉，进行科学探险。 Having described my uncle, I will now give an account① of our interview. He received me in his study②； a perfect museum, containing③ every natural curiosity④ that can well be imagined. Every one was familiar to⑤ me, having⑥ been catalogued⑦ by my own hand. My uncle, apparently⑧ forgot the fact that⑨ he had asked me to his presence, was absorbed in⑩ a book. He was particularly⑪ fond of early editions, tall copies, and unique works. “Wonderful！” he cried, tapping⑫ his forehead. “Wonderful—wonderful！” It was one of those yellow-leaved volumes⑬ now rarely found on stalls (货摊), and to me it appeared to possess⑭ but little value. My uncle, however, was in raptures⑮. He admired its binding, the clearness of its characters, the ease with which⑯ it opened in his hand, and repeated aloud, half a dozen times, that it was very, very old. I asked him what it was about. “It is the Heims-Kringla of Snorre Tarleson，”he said, “the celebrated⑰ Icelandic (冰岛的) author of the twelfth century—it is a true and correct account of the Norwegian (挪威的) princes who ruled in Iceland.” My uncle's delight was to have found the original⑱ work in the Icelandic tongue, which⑲ he declared to be one of the most magnificent⑳ and yet simple idioms (方言) in the world. I was about to venture㉑ upon some joke on the subject, when a small scrap㉒ of parchment (羊皮纸) fell out of the leaves. My uncle looked keenly㉓ at the document for some moments and then declared that it was Runic (北欧古字). The letters were similar to㉔ those in the book, but then what did they mean? This was exactly what I wanted to know. Now as I had a strong conviction㉕ that㉖ the Runic alphabet and dialect㉗ were simply an invention to confuse poor human nature, I was delighted to find that my uncle knew as much about the matter as I did—which was nothing. The shaking motion of his fingers made me think so. “And yet，” he muttered㉘ to himself, “it is old Icelandic. I am sure of it.” And my uncle ought to have known, for㉙ he was a perfect polyglot (通晓多种语言的) dictionary in himself. He did not pretend to speak the two thousand languages and four thousand idioms made use of in different parts of the globe, but he did know㉚ all the more important ones. It is a matter of great doubt to me now, if the clock had not struck two, and our old French cook called out to let us know that dinner was on the table, what violent measures my uncle's impatience might have led㉛ him to. “Bother the dinner！” cried my uncle. But as㉜ I was hungry, I rushed to the dining room, where㉝ I took up my usual spot. Out of politeness㉞ I waited three minutes, but no sign of my uncle, the Professor. I was surprised. He was not usually so blind to the pleasure of a good dinner. The dinner was a German luxury㉟—parsley (欧芹) soup, a ham omelette (煎蛋) with trimmings (装饰), an oyster (牡蛎) of stewed㊱ beef, delicious fruit, and sparkling Moselle (白葡萄酒). For the sake of㊲ this old piece of parchment, my uncle did not come to share our meal. To satisfy my conscience㊳， I ate for both. The old cook and housekeeper was nearly out of her mind. After taking so much trouble, to find her master not appear at dinner was to her a sad disappointment㊴—which, as she occasionally㊵ watched the havoc (浩劫) I was making on the table, became also alarm. If my uncle were to come to table after all？ Suddenly, just as I had consumed㊶ the last apple and drunk the last glass of wine, a terrible voice was heard at no great distance. It was my uncle roaring㊷ for me to come to him. I made very nearly one leap of it—so loud, so fierce was his tone. ①account [熟词生义] n．叙述 ②study [熟词生义] n．书房 ③此处为v.-ing作定语。 ④curiosity n．奇物；珍品 ⑤be familiar to...为……所熟悉 ⑥此处为v.-ing作定语。 ⑦catalogue v．编入目录 ⑧apparently adv.明显地 ⑨此处为that引导的同位语从句。 ⑩be absorbed in全神贯注于 ⑪ particularly adv.尤其地；特别地 ⑫ tap v．轻拍 ⑬ volume n．一册 ⑭ possess v．拥有 ⑮ in raptures欣喜若狂 ⑯ 此处为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。 ⑰ celebrated adj.著名的 ⑱ original adj.最早的；原作的 ⑲ 此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句。 ⑳ magnificent adj.伟大的 ㉑venture v．小心地说 ㉒scrap n．小块(纸) ㉓keenly adv.热烈地 ㉔be similar to...和……相似 ㉕conviction n．信念 ㉖此处为that引导的同位语从句。 ㉗dialect n．方言 ㉘mutter v．嘀咕 ㉙此处for表示原因。 ㉚此处用“助动词do＋动词原形”来强调谓语动词。 ㉛此处为虚拟语气。 ㉜此处为as引导的原因状语从句。 ㉝此处为where引导的定语从句。 ㉞out of politeness出于礼貌 ㉟luxury n．奢侈 ㊱stewed adj.炖制的 ㊲for the sake of为了 ㊳conscience n．良心；愧疚 ㊴此处为抽象名词具体化。 ㊵occasionally adv.间或；偶尔 ㊶consume v．吃 ㊷roar v．咆哮 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $