Unit 3 Period 2 Learning About Language课后巩固 多维提能（Word练习）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版）

[基础知识巩固练] 维度一　单句语法填空 1．To stay(stay) warm at night, I would fill the wood stove, and then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it. 2．With a lot of homework to do(do), I can't go skating with you，and I wonder if you could forgive me for my breaking the promise. 3．He bought a book and was surprised to find(find) a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same garden as his father's painting. 4．He pretended to be reading(read) when his mother entered the room. 5．I'm very sorry to have kept(keep) you sitting around doing nothing. 6．I feel I have a new mission to shoulder(shoulder), even after China wins its battle to reduce poverty. 7．The snow seemed to have been blown(blow) from the top of the mountain. 8．The ground floor tends to be used(use) as storage space for firewood and farming equipment. 9．The problem is thought to have been solved(solve) with the help of the new technology, but further tests are needed. 10．She hoped the children to be playing(play) happily in the garden, but when she looked out, they were arguing. 11．My parents have made plans to spend(spend) their holidays in Hainan next week. 12．As far as I'm concerned, to love sports is to love(love) our life. 13．I was wondering whether to participate in the competition when my English teacher came by, telling me that it was a good chance to display(display) my talent. 14．He hurried to the office, only to find(find) that the manager had gone. 15．The young couple meant to have travelled(travel) abroad, but they cancelled the trip due to the tough budget. 16．To our surprise, it is convenient for us to have(have) an accommodation at such a remote attraction. 17．These flowers need watering/to be watered(water) once a day. 18．The purpose of the new technology is to make(make) life easier, not to make it more difficult. 维度二　语法与写作 1．收到你上周日寄来的礼物，我非常高兴。 I felt very happy to have received the gift sent by you last Sunday． 2．很高兴得知你下周要来参观我们的学校，欢迎参加我们的劳动周。 It's great to know you will visit our school next week and welcome to join in our Labour Week. 3．医生建议他多锻炼，保持均衡的饮食。 The doctor advised him to take more exercise and have a balanced diet． 4．他总是一个吃苦在前、享乐在后的人。 He is always the first to bear hardships and the last to enjoy comforts． 5．众所周知，她多年来一直在处理这些问题。 She is known to have been dealing with the problems for many years. 6．孩子们在餐桌上大声说话， 我不得不努力让自己被听到。 The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle to be heard． 7．上初中时，我的目标是做全班最优秀的学生。 When I was in junior high，my aim was to be the best student in my class． 维度三　语篇填空 “Let's get out of here, Paul！” screamed Bill.Paul's heart beat wildly，his legs trembling.“There is no need 1.to worry(worry).We are bound 2.to get(get) out.” Paul comforted him.However, it was very difficult 3.to make(make) it.They turned around，trying their best 4.to push(push) the closed door，but in vain.However，with so much difficulty 5.to handle(handle)，Paul and Bill didn't lose heart.They picked up an overturned chair 6.to make(make) the window open and then climbed through it carefully.7.To leave(leave)the frightening place，they ran as quickly as possible.Finally，although they were still suffering from the shock，they were relieved 8.to reach(reach) a safe place. [综合能力提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·福州期中) Events at the Aquarium (水族馆) of the Pacific Big Fish Little Fish Big Fish Little Fish classes invite adults and children aged 3­6 to learn together through play, movement, and exploration. Children will use their observation skills to explore shapes and colors while touching animals in a private classroom. Cost: $110 adult/child pair; $60 for Aquarium member adult/child pair; $50 per adult member guest; $30 per child member guest Time: FEBRUARY 10; 9：00­10：30 am Festival of Human Abilities The Aquarium of the Pacific welcomes guests to its twenty-first annual Festival of Human Abilities which celebrates the creative talents of people with disabilities. All attendees will be able to experience live performances and workshops by dancers, musicians, and artists who have learned unique adaptive skills to polish their abilities. This festival will include sign language interpreters. Cost: Free Time: JANUARY 27; 9：00­11：30 am Ocean Investigators Ocean Investigators, a series of programs at the Aquarium for participants aged 7­12, encourages exploration of sea life. The class includes theme­related activities, a guided gallery tour, and interaction with our animal care staff. Cost: $38 per person; $32 for Aquarium members　 Time: JANUARY 21; 9：00­11：00 am National Parks Adventure Join us for a special screening of National Parks Adventure, voiced by Academy Award winner Robert Redford, which will take you on an adventure in the nation's awe-inspiring great outdoors and wilderness. Cost: $10 per person; $5 for Aquarium members Time: JANUARY 30; 7：00-9：00 am 【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了太平洋水族馆即将举办的四个不同的活动。 1．What is the cost for a parent-child pair without membership to attend the February event? A．$60.　　　　　　　　 B．$220. C．$110. D．$80. C　解析：细节理解题。根据Big Fish Little Fish部分中的“Cost: $110 adult/child pair”可知，非会员的一对成人儿童参加二月活动的费用是110美元。 2．Which program is friendly to hearing­disadvantaged individuals? A．Big Fish Little Fish. B．Festival of Human Abilities. C．Ocean Investigators. D．National Parks Adventure. B　解析：细节理解题。根据Festival of Human Abilities部分中的“This festival will include sign language interpreters.”可知，该活动将包括手语翻译，这说明该活动对听力障碍者友好。 3．What is special about National Parks Adventure? A.It is free of charge. B．It targets young kids. C．It includes hands­on activities. D．It is a video­watching event. D　解析：细节理解题。根据National Parks Adventure部分内容可知，这是一个看视频的活动。 B (2025·温州期中)Coral reefs (珊瑚礁) may be more capable of adapting to hotter and more acidic (酸性的) oceans than we thought, raising hopes of preserving these biodiverse ecosystems. Rising levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere due to our emissions pose a twin threat to the world's coral reefs. Higher temperatures stress corals and this can lead to mass bleaching (漂白) and death. In addition, atmospheric CO2 absorbed by the ocean makes the water more acidic and weakens coral skeletons. This, along with pollution and overfishing, has already created a crisis for the planet's reefs. To find out more about the extent and speed at which coral species could adapt, Jury and his colleagues at the University of Hawai'i collected dozens of specimens of eight different coral species from reefs around O'ahu, Hawai'i. They were then grown in an outdoor lab under four different conditions: under today's climate, one with temperatures raised by 2 ℃ but water chemistry unchanged, another with temperatures held but water chemistry made more acidic, and the last with both temperature and water chemistry changed to produce the warmer, more acidic conditions. The test lasted as long as six months, but “the corals did surprisingly well”， says Jury. All saw lower growth rates—a measure of coral health—under the more stressful conditions. Yet individuals of all species survived the combined stressors, with no clear trade-off between tolerance to heat and acidity. In fact, there is building evidence of a significant potential to adapt to changing oceans. For instance, in a second study published this month, Melissa Naugle at Southern Cross University in Australia and her colleagues analysed heat tolerance of different coral species on the Great Barrier Reef. They found unexpectedly large variation in heat tolerance, even among corals in the same part of the reef, which could be especially valuable for efforts to restore reefs by breeding more tolerant corals. “I'm cautiously optimistic，” says Lisa McManus at the University of Hawai'i, who wasn't involved with any of the research. But she cautions that any adaptive potential still depends on how much coral is left after extreme events. “In a lot of areas around the world, there's little coral cover left.” 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究发现珊瑚礁可能比我们想象的更能适应更热、更酸的海洋，这增加了保护生物多样性生态系统的希望。 4．What is the effect of more acidic oceans on coral reefs? A．Mass bleaching. B．Weakening skeletons. C．Overfishing and pollution. D．Higher temperatures and CO2. B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In addition, atmospheric CO2...weakens coral skeletons.”可知，酸性海洋弱化了珊瑚骨骼。 5．How did Jury and his colleagues conduct their study on corals? A．By collecting from different oceans globally. B．By growing under only one environmental condition. C．By testing without considering coral species differences. D．By cultivating in different conditions with local coral species. D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，该实验是通过在不同条件下培育本地珊瑚物种进行研究的。 6．What can we learn from Melissa Naugle's study? A．Some species of corals may better help restore reefs. B．Great Barrier Reef corals' heat tolerance is equally high. C．Environmental factors solely decide Great Barrier Reef corals' heat tolerance. D．Heat­tolerance variation among Great Barrier Reef corals is too minor to matter. A　解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Melissa Naugle...analysed heat tolerance...by breeding more tolerant corals”可推知，梅利莎·诺格尔的研究发现大堡礁珊瑚耐热性存在显著的差异，通过培育更耐热的珊瑚种类可以帮助恢复工作。 7．What is the attitude of Lisa McManus towards the future of coral reefs? A．Assured, expecting full adaptation without worries. B．Anxious, fearing the approaching loss of coral reefs. C．Negative, questioning the adaptability of coral reefs. D．Hopeful, with concerns about post­extreme event survival. D　解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可知，丽莎·麦克马纳斯对珊瑚礁的未来充满希望，但也担心极端事件后珊瑚礁的生存。 C (2025·鹰潭期末)The Peruvian anchovy (秘鲁鳀鱼) is a small fish with a big impact. Only about the size of a finger, they make up the single largest fish catch in the world—sometimes up to 15% of the global amount. Nearly all the highly nutritious fish are ground up to feed salmon and other farm-raised species that are worth billions of dollars. Now, scientists studying ancient fossils have shown warming waters once nearly eliminated (消灭) this valuable resource, raising fears that today's climate change could repeat the disaster. “The finding is really concerning，” says Becca Selden, a marine ecologist at Wellesley College who was not involved with the research. The new record of climate change's impact on fish shows predators (捕食者) from seabirds to marine mammals would have a tough time without anchovies. Compared with anchovies, Panama lightfish (发光鱼) would cause worse problems for the fishing industry. Their smaller size makes them harder to catch, requiring nets with smaller holes that are difficult to clean. And because they don't gather in dense groups, trawlers (拖网渔船) would need to take longer voyages, burning more fuel, to catch large numbers. Researchers have long been worried about the impact of climate change on wild fish populations. One reason is that some species require low temperature in order to reproduce. A broader issue is that when water gets warmer, it contains less oxygen. This is a bigger handicap for large fish. That's because a smaller fish has more gill area to acquire oxygen, relative to its body size, than does a large fish. If species can't migrate easily to cooler waters, researchers predict that their ecological communities will end up dominated by small species, which could be an awful problem for the local fishing industry. “When a fish population is threatened by climate change, one approach to helping the species is to make fishing management more conservative and lower the allowable catch，” says Becca Selden. The anchovy population in Peru is already well managed, and many improvements in different fishes are on the way. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家通过研究发现水温过暖会让一些鱼类灭绝。令人担忧的是，如今的气候变暖恐怕也会带来类似的灾难。 8．What is the function of paragraph 1? A．To introduce a heated topic. B．To raise a frustrating phenomenon. C．To inform people of the latest disaster. D．To encourage people to protect marine species. B　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，本段介绍了秘鲁鳀鱼，引出了一个令人们担忧的现象。 9．What can we infer from paragraph 2? A．Becca Selden isn't an expert in the field of marine ecology. B．Panama lightfish are more important fish resource than anchovies. C．The climate change will cause more damage to predators than to fishing industry. D．Predators and fishing industry will suffer from the negative effects caused by climate change. D　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The new record of climate change's impact...have a tough time without anchovies.”和“Their smaller size...to catch large numbers.”可推知，捕食者和渔业将遭受气候变化带来的负面影响。 10．What does the underlined word in paragraph 3 mean? A．Element. B．Request. C．Obstacle. D．Strength. C　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上文可知，海水温度高导致水里的氧气量变少，这为大鱼带来了阻碍。画线词意为“阻碍”。 11．What is the author's attitude towards the future of fishing future? A．Negative. B．Concerned. C．Optimistic. D．Critical. C　解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“The anchovy population...are on the way.”可知，作者对渔业未来持乐观态度。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2025·佛山期末)Habits allow us to make actions we perform frequently automatic, for example, cooking familiar foods and driving home from work. Consistently practicing good behavior helps to develop positive and lasting habits. 1. And both building good habits and breaking bad habits can be challenging, so learning some effective strategies is necessary. 2． The reward must be delivered consistently and immediately after the desired behavior. For example, you could reward yourself for cleaning the apartment by playing your favorite video game. Remember to do the pleasurable activity each time you perform the healthy behavior. 3. Have you noticed changes in your shopping behavior after a local shopping center rearranges its layout? This is because changing environmental signals affects habitual behavior. 4. These include going to college, starting a new job, getting married, retiring, and so on. It's important to recognize these opportunities: they are chances to reshape our habits. For example, not living next to a fast­food restaurant can be an opportunity to form healthier eating habits. To break bad habits, we may consider increasing the difficulty of performing unhealthy behaviors. 5. This is what I told a friend complaining about her little boy's unhealthy eating habits. I suggested the mother make it more time­consuming for the boy to access fatty and sweet snacks while making fresh fruits easily accessible to the child. A．This regularity helps strengthen the habit. B．This will help children realize their bad habits. C．It often occurs as a result of life course changes. D．But unhealthy behaviors can also become habitual. E．It is important for the society to build a reward system. F．At the same time we should make it easier to perform the good habit. G．To turn a healthy behavior into a habit, you can think of an effective reward. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何养成良好的习惯以及打破不良习惯的策略。 1．D　解析：上文提到好习惯，下文说明养成好习惯和改掉坏习惯都是有挑战性的，所以空处应提到坏习惯，D项承接上文，和上文构成转折关系，并引出下文，符合语境。 2．G　解析：空处位于句首，是本段的中心句。根据下文内容可知，本段主要介绍通过奖励来养成好的习惯，G项符合语境。 3．A　解析：空处位于段尾，是对上文的总结，根据上文“Remember to do...healthy behavior.”可知，A项概括了这种规律性的好处，符合语境。 4．C　解析：根据上下文内容可知，本段介绍了因为生活中的改变而形成新的习惯，C项是对上文的进一步解释，下文是对本句的具体举例，符合语境。 5．F　解析：根据下文内容可知，作者建议一位母亲增加执行不健康行为的难度，同时让践行好习惯变得更容易，F项承上启下，符合语境。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2025·南通期末)Li Shaoyu, 57, and her husband Wang Guangrong, 56, are key figures in efforts 1. (preserve) Pengshui Miao Embroidery (彭水苗绣) and enhance the well­being of local folks. Sixteen years ago, the couple 2. (begin) crafting traditional Miao clothing based in an embroidery workshop, then expanded to build a company in 2015, with an annual output value of approximately 6 million yuan. Since Li became a representative inheritor (继承人) of Pengshui Miao Embroidery in 2016, the couple 3. (devote) themselves to preserving these handicrafts (手工艺品). Through their company, 4. serves as a cornerstone for training programs, projects have been carried out in nearly 30 townships across Pengshui. These efforts have positively impacted the lives of over 3，000 local residents, including more than 1，000 stay­at­home women, individuals with disabilities, and over 800 people with 5. (limit) incomes. Each week, Li teaches complimentary classes at local schools and the youth activity center, aiming to pass down 6. she has learned. Traditional Miao Embroidery is 7. (primary) used to decorate the collars, lapels sleeves, handkerchief edges and skirt hems of clothing. It can also be used to make items such as shoulder bags and wallets. While 8. (keep) Miao Embroidery's tradition, Li also developed a series of cultural and creative 9. (product), such as hairpins, earrings, scarves and insoles. “I want to introduce Miao Embroidery culture 10. a wider audience.” Li said. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了李绍玉和丈夫传承彭水苗绣，开展项目帮助居民并开发文创产品的故事。 1．to preserve　解析：考查非谓语动词。efforts后接动词不定式作后置定语，意为“做……的努力”。 2．began　解析：考查动词的时态。根据Sixteen years ago可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。 3．has/have devoted　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据“Since Li became...in 2016”可知，应用现在完成时；couple意为“夫妇”，既可以视为单数，也可以视为复数，助动词用has或have均可。 4．which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是company，指物，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。 5．limited　解析：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用形容词修饰名词incomes。 6．what　解析：考查宾语从句。空处引导宾语从句，从句中learned缺少宾语，应用连接代词what引导。 7．primarily　解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用副词修饰动词used。 8．keeping　解析：考查非谓语动词。“While...Miao Embroidery's tradition”是状语从句的省略，省略了主语she和be动词，所以空处应用现在分词形式keeping。 9．products　解析：考查名词复数。根据a series of可知，空处应用名词复数形式。 10．to　解析：考查介词。introduce...to...意为“把……介绍给……”，为固定短语。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $