Unit 3 Period 1 Reading and Thinking课后巩固 多维提能（Word练习）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版）

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[基础知识巩固练] 维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换 1．After months of negotiation(negotiate), the two companies finally reached an agreement on the contract. 2．His withdrawal(withdraw) from the social circle left his friends confused, wondering what happened. 3．The extension(extend) of the school day has been proposed to provide more time for after-class activities. 4．The old sailor would sit by the fire and tell tales(tale) of his adventures on the seas. 5．The students bonded(bond) during their study group sessions, supporting each other through the challenging coursework. 维度二　固定用法和搭配 1．The athlete, who had been injured for several months, withdrew from the competition, much to the disappointment of his fans. 2．You'd better keep a balanced diet for the benefit of your health. 3．The merchant ship, which was loaded with precious goods, set sail for the distant port. 4．The company will extend the working hours by three hours every day to meet the production target. 5．Negotiating with different parties can be a complex task, requiring careful consideration of various interests. 6．Having enough data in hand，we can set out to carry out our plan as scheduled. 7．(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ) People get in their minds an idea of what teachers do, but that's not really what it is here. 8．When facing severe environmental problems, there is a need to take(take) effective measures to protect our planet. 维度三　完成句子/一句多译 1．而且，孩子们没有必要每天熬夜学习。(there is no need to do ...) What's more，there is no need for children to stay up late studying every day． 2．我们的家乡变化很大，现在和几年前大不一样了。(what引导名词性从句) Our hometown has changed a lot, and now it is quite different from what it used to be a few years ago． 3．我要向这些年来经常鼓舞和指导我的全体老师表示衷心的感谢。 I would like to extend my heartfelt gratitude to all my teachers who have always inspired and guided me over the years. 4．学生们开始着手准备期末考试，因为他们知道自己的未来取决于他们的表现。 The students set about preparing/set out to prepare for their final exams, knowing that their future depended on their performance. 5．听到自己的公司正在与一家领先的科技公司进行谈判，他感到很高兴。 (1)He is pleased to hear that his firm is in negotiation with a leading tech company．(negotiation n．) (2)He is pleased to hear that his firm is negotiating with a leading tech company．(negotiate v．) 维度四　融合教材·主题探究 【改编自译林选必三U2】 In 1969, when Neil Armstrong first landed on the Moon, many people thought that soon we would be regularly visiting other planets in our solar system and would even dare to travel beyond it. This is clearly not the case. The reality is that space exploration is extremely difficult and dangerous, can take a very long time and costs a huge amount of money. Some people believe that while space exploration expands our understanding of the universe, it is a waste of the public purse and does nothing to enhance the quality of our lives here on the Earth. Why do we continue to explore space, then? It is in our nature to explore. From the very early days of human life on the Earth, our curiosity about the unknown has kept us adventuring into new places.We long to visit thick and wild forests, climb vast mountain ranges，and cross deep oceans. We desire to explore the furthest frontier of all—space. As Stephen Hawking once said，“Remember to look up at the stars and not down at your feet. Try to make sense of what you see and wonder about what makes the universe exist. Be curious.” That we are fascinated by the sky is evident in ancient tales from around the world, such as that of Chang'e. While space exploration is a reality, we remain curious about the mysteries of the universe. With each space mission comes greater insight, thus motivating us to continue along the same path of adventure. The results of these space investigations have made major contributions to an understanding of the origin, evolution, and likely future of the universe, such as planets, stars, and all other forms of matter and energy. Exploring space helps address fundamental questions about our place in the universe and the history of our solar system. It is through our research into space that we have confirmed that the Earth is round and that it orbits the Sun. As we learn more about the universe, we may one day answer the question whether there is life on other planets. 1．What did many people think would happen after Neil Armstrong's landing on the Moon? A．We would soon visit other planets regularly. B．We would stop exploring the universe. C．We would face many difficulties in space exploration. D．We would find life on other planets. 2．What do Stephen Hawking's words in paragraph 2 want to stress? A．The importance of adventure. B．The importance of looking up at the stars. C．The importance of sending people to space. D．The importance of being curious about the unknown. 3．What has made major contributions to our understanding of the universe? A．Ancient tales. B．Space investigations. C．People's curiosity. D．The round shape of the Earth. 答案：1～3.ADB 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[综合能力提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·彬州期末) Join a Once-in-a-lifetime Adventure Alfred Wallace's Adventure in Indonesia—Nature and Evolution Trip 22 January 2025 | 13 days We'll trace Alfred Russel Wallace's steps to Indonesia's Maluku and Raja Ampat Islands. Expect island exploration, nocturnal nature walks, rainforest walks, and marine life studies. Encounter unique flora and fauna, including the Wallace butterfly, and enjoy water sports like kayaking and snorkeling. Arctic Adventure Cruise (乘船游览) with Richard Dawkins in Flam, Norway 22 May 2025 | 12 days Join us for an Arctic adventure with Richard Dawkins. We will travel on the Greg Mortimer boat and go close to 80° north to look for polar bears. We might see walruses, seals, whales, reindeer, arctic foxes, guillemots, and puffins. We will also sail near blue glaciers and beautiful fjords (峡湾). Cultural Marine Expedition in La Ventana, the Sea of Cortez 5 June 2025 | 9 days Embark with Dr. Sylvia Earle on a 9-day expedition to Mexico's Sea of Cortez, aboard the Ocean Seeker. Discover Loreto's cultural heritage and vibrant ocean life. Experience snorkeling, diving, and conservation talks amidst a rich biodiversity that inspired The Log from the Sea of Cortez. Encounter sea lions, whales, and dolphins in this adventure. Galapagos Adventure with Jo Ruxton MBE 14 July 2025 | 8 days Come with us on an 8-day trip to the Galapagos Islands on a boat with Jo Ruxton MBE, who cares about nature. We will visit Santa Cruz, Isabela, Fernandina, Santiago, and Rabida islands, which are full of wild animals. You can see animals like iguanas on land and in the sea, sea lions, and many kinds of fish in the clear water. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个独特的探险旅行活动，包括它们的时间、地点、活动内容和特色。 1．Which activity is NOT mentioned in Alfred Wallace's Adventure? A．Kayaking trip.　 B．Culture exploring. C．Island discovery. D．Rainforest walking. B　解析：细节理解题。根据Alfred Wallace's Adventure in Indonesia—Nature and Evolution Trip部分中的“Expect island exploration...like kayaking and snorkeling.”可知，B项“文化探索”没有提及。 2．Where can travelers attend nature preservation discussions according to the passage? A．In Flam, Norway. B．On Maluku Islands. C．On Galapagos Islands. D．In La Ventana, the Sea of Cortez. D　解析：细节理解题。根据Cultural Marine Expedition in La Ventana, the Sea of Cortez部分中的“Experience snorkeling...The Log from the Sea of Cortez.”可知，旅行者可以在La Ventana, the Sea of Cortez参加自然保护讨论。 3．What do the four adventures have in common? A．Encountering diverse marine life. B．Focusing on historical exploration. C．Participating in extreme sports challenges. D．Engaging in cultural immersion experiences. A　解析：细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，这四个冒险活动的共同之处是都能遇到多样的海洋生物。 B (2025·常德优质高中学校联盟联考)Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), the chemicals that tore a hole in Earth's protective ozone (臭氧) layer within years of their mass production, are getting ready to make a comeback in the late 21st century, in a process accelerated by climate change, researchers say. The Montreal Protocol banned the use of CFCs worldwide in 1987, after researchers discovered that CFCs had damaged the ozone layer that protects life on Earth from harmful radiation. And the Montreal Protocol has mostly worked—CFC levels in the atmosphere have dropped sharply in recent decades, and the ozone layer has begun to repair itself, as Live Science reported. But all those CFCs already released into the atmosphere had to go somewhere. And for many of those molecules (分子), that somewhere was the world's oceans. Now, a new study projects that as CFC levels in the atmosphere drop and the oceans warm, some of those hidden ozone-killers will end up back in the air—almost as if some countries decided to begin releasing them again. That's because the ocean and atmosphere tend to stay in balance. When the atmosphere has a lot of molecules that can fully mixed with water, like a CFC, the oceans suck up some of it. And when the oceans have a lot of that same molecules but the atmosphere doesn't, they tend to release it back into the air. As the world has stopped producing CFCs, CFC levels in the atmosphere have dropped, and the oceans are taking in less and less from the air. Eventually, the balance will be broken, and the oceans will become emitters (排放者) of CFCs. At the same time, climate change warms the oceans, which reduces the amount of CFCs a gallon of ocean water can hold, speeding the process. This new study shows when all those factors should come together, and turn the oceans from CFC-sponges to CFC-emitters. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海洋吸收的氯氟烃(CFCs)将被重新释放回大气。 4．What can we know about CFCs? A.They protect the earth from dangerous radiation. B．People will create them again in the late 21st century. C.Many of them in the atmosphere ended up in the oceans. D．They have been totally forbidden after being spotted in 1987. C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But all those CFCs already released...that somewhere was the world's oceans.”可知，大气中的许多氯氟烃最终进入了海洋。 5．What does the underlined phrase “suck up” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Absorb.　　　 B．Release. C．Submit. D．Overcome. A　解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“When the atmosphere has a lot of molecules...they tend to release it back into the air.”可知，这里指海洋吸收大气中的一些氯氟烃分子，由此可推知，suck up意为“吸收”。 6．Which of the factors contributes to turning the oceans into CFC emitters? A．Decreased ability of water to keep CFCs. B．Several countries' decision to emit CFCs. C．Higher levels of CFCs in the air than in water. D．Broken CFC molecules due to climate change. A　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“At the same time...turn the oceans from CFC-sponges to CFC-emitters.”可推知，海水容纳氯氟烃的能力下降是导致海洋变成氯氟烃排放者的一个因素。 7．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．CFCs: the Killer of Earth's Ozone Layer B．Ozone-destroying CFCs on Its Way Back C．CFCs Permitted to Be Emitted into Oceans D．How Does Climate Change Affect Planet Earth? B　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了氯氟烃会在21世纪后期重新回到大气中，对臭氧层再次造成威胁。B项最适合作文章标题。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2025·景德镇期末)SPACE, the final frontier, the stuff of dreams. Yet, in reality, a place that is filled with 1 and sometimes tragedy (悲剧). This time, its legendary tale is 2 by British astronaut Tim Peake in his book Space: The human story. It is about the 3 experience and the “unusual normality of what we try and make out our job to be—it's 4 people doing extraordinary jobs”， says Peake, 5 an ambassador for the European Space Agency. The main image of one photo included in this book 6 the biggest feat (壮举) so far: the 7 moon landing on 20 July 1969. This is not the representative 8 of Neil Armstrong's first steps, 9 a more candid picture (taken by Armstrong) of Buzz Aldrin walking across the lunar surface. Four days earlier, the Apollo 11 mission 10 the moon, as a striking image of its launch shows. To its left, Ed White can be seen spacewalking during the Gemini 4 mission in June 1965, which saw him floating roughly 150 kilometers 11 Earth. Ed White and astronauts Gus Grissom and Roger Chaffe were set to crew the Apollo 1 mission, a predecessor (前身) of Apollo 11 that was 12 to launch into orbit around Earth in February 1967. The image at top left shows them during capsule training. 13 ， all three died on 27 January 1967, after a fire broke out during a test. Thinking of the 14 ， Peake says: “We're looking at establishing a lunar station and stepping stones to Mars. As the ISS (International Space Station) comes to its retirement, it felt like the right time to 15 the whole story up to date.” 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国宇航员蒂姆·皮克在他的书籍《太空：人类的故事》中，对太空探索的传奇故事进行的叙述。 1．A.gravity　　　　　　　 B．options C．risks D．desire C　解析：根据下文“and sometimes tragedy”及常识可知，太空是充满风险(risk)的。 2．A.forgotten B．noticed C．remembered D．told D　解析：根据上文its legendary tale和下文“by British astronaut Tim Peake in his book Space: The human story”可知，英国宇航员蒂姆·皮克讲述(tell)了太空的故事。 3．A.roller coaster B．roller skating C．honor roll D．rock & roll A　解析：根据第一段中的“a place that is filled with and sometimes tragedy”可知，此处指在太空中就像是坐过山车(roller coaster)一样。 4．A.attractive B．ethnic C．ordinary D．native C　解析：根据下文“people doing extraordinary jobs”可知，此处指普通(ordinary)人做不平凡的工作。 5．A.absolutely B．currently C．definitely D．typically B　解析：根据下文“an ambassador for the European Space Agency”可知，皮克目前(currently)是欧洲航天局的大使。 6．A.attaches B．complains C．gathers D．features D　解析：根据上文“The main image of one photo”和下文the biggest feat可知，那张照片是对那次伟大壮举的特写(feature)。 7．A.fatal B．final C．first D．funny C　解析：根据下文on 20 July 1969和常识可知，1969年7月20日人类首次(first)登月。 8．A.script B．ceremony C．element D．shot D　解析：根据上文“The main image of one photo”可知，此处指这不是尼尔·阿姆斯特朗迈出第一步的代表性照片(shot)。 9．A.but B．therefore C．however D．otherwise A　解析：根据上文“of Neil Armstrong's first steps”和下文“a more candid picture...walking across the lunar surface”可知，前后两句是转折关系，空处应用but。 10．A.hoped for B．longed for C．provided for D．set off for D　解析：根据语境及常识可知，阿波罗11号是出发前往(set off for)月球。 11．A.above B．besides C．aside D．behind A　解析：根据上文“Ed White can be seen spacewalking”可知，此处指他在地球上方(above)行走。 12．A.admitted B．chosen C．intended D．pursued C　解析：根据下文“to launch into orbit around Earth in February 1967”可知，阿波罗1号任务计划(intend)于1967年2月发射进入地球轨道。 13．A.Unusually B．Unfortunately C．Unfairly D．Uncertainly B　解析：根据下文“all three died...a test”可知，不幸的是(unfortunately)，三人因在一次测试中发生火灾而丧生。 14．A.future B．competitions C．scenery D．tradition A　解析：根据下文“We're looking at establishing a lunar station and stepping stones to Mars.”可知，这是皮克对未来(future)的展望。 15．A.give B．bring C．make D．take B　解析：根据上文“We're looking at establishing a lunar station and stepping stones to Mars.”和下文“the whole story up to date”可知，皮克的意思是现在是时候把整个故事更新了，bring sth. up to date意为“使某物更新”。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2025·德州五校联考)In Baihe National Nature Reserve, located in Jiuzhaigou County, Sichuan Province, about 1，700 Sichuan golden snub-nosed monkeys thrive (茁壮成长) in their natural habitat, protected by dedicated rangers (护林员). Leading this conservation effort is Tang Yulin, 1. works at the Sichuan Golden Snub-nosed Monkey Research and Monitoring Center. His family has 2. long history of working in the reserve, with both his granduncle and father serving as rangers before him. Inspired by their 3. (commit), Tang Yulin became a ranger in 1990, at the age of 22. In the early years, the reserve lacked electricity, and the rough mountainous landscape made patrols (巡逻) 4. (challenge). Tang would rise at 3：30 am, prepare his meals, and begin his patrols at 4：00 am 5. (observe) the monkeys before dawn. Spending nearly 200 days each year in the mountains, he gained extensive information about the region's wildlife and the information is the key 6. researching the wildlife. In recent years, improved infrastructure (基础设施) has made patrols easier, and the monkeys 7. (adapt) to more frequent human interactions. Tang's nephew, Tang Xiaogang, joined the ranger team in 2019, continuing the family legacy. Tang reflects 8. (proud) on his work, stating that seeing the monkeys thrive is his greatest honor. He and his fellow rangers remain 9. (devote) to preserving the delicate balance between nature 10. humanity. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了唐玉林家族保护四川金丝猴的传承与努力的故事。 1．who　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Tang Yulin，指人，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。 2．a　解析：考查冠词。have a history of意为“有……的历史”，为固定短语，long的发音以辅音音素开头，空处应用不定冠词a。 3．commitment　解析：考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用名词作介词by的宾语，commit的名词形式为commitment，为不可数名词。 4．challenging　解析：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用形容词作宾语补足语。 5．to observe　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。 6．to　解析：考查介词。the key to...意为“……的关键”，为固定短语。 7．have adapted　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语In recent years并结合句中的has made可知，应用现在完成时；主语the monkeys为复数形式，助动词应用have。 8．proudly　解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用副词作状语，修饰动词reflects。 9．devoted　解析：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用形容词作表语，remain devoted to意为“仍然致力于”，为固定短语。 10．and　解析：考查连词。根据句意可知，此处为“between...and...”结构，连接两个名词nature和humanity，意为“在……和……之间”。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $