精品解析：2026届上海市浦东新区高考（二模）英语练习

高三教学资源包 高三英语练习 （练习时间：105分钟 满分：115分） I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Temperatures are warming up with days getting longer, so we throw off our coats and boots and spend time outside taking in the sun’s warmth. Those signs of spring also signal to many that it’s time to conduct a thorough cleaning in their house, a tradition with roots ____1____ (date) back to ancient times, symbolizing the transition from the hibernating (冬眠) winter season to the dynamic growth of spring. “We sweep the floor and polish the surface, and ____2____ these actions represent is that we are honoring a tradition which unites us with past generations,” says Maren Voss, a director at the Museum of the Home in London. Spring cleaning actually arises from various cultures. In Chinese culture, it is customary just before New Year’s Day ____3____ (tidy) up one’s home so that good fortune will arrive. In Western culture, spring cleaning also has a practical history. In the past, homes ____4____ (heat) with wood or coal. And oil lamps lit homes ____5____ electricity was widely used, so dirt built up on surfaces. Here came spring cleaning. However, spring cleaning may have more to do with biology. Some studies suggest more sunlight increases our wakefulness because we produce less melatonin, a chemical that makes us sleepy. Melatonin causes us to become ____6____ (willing) to refresh our space. When the seasons start to shift, feelings of dullness reduce, and we regain energy and feel ____7____ (motivate) to deep clean our living environments. Studies have shown that cleaning has a healing effect, as seen by the new generation of “cleanfluencers” ____8____ are taking social media by storm. Millions of people watch them clean dirty homes and share cleaning tips. What starts ____9____ a simple video watch often ends with viewers tackling their own household chores. If you haven’t visited the gym lately, _____10_____ (start) your workout at home by washing windows and floors. So pick a room, grab some cleaning supplies and begin. Make your living space as fresh as spring. 【答案】1. dating 2. what 3. to tidy 4. were heated 5. before##until 6. less willing 7. motivated 8. who##that 9. as##with 10. start 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍春季大扫除的传统起源、中外文化背景及生物学原因，说明光照影响褪黑素让人更愿打扫，还提及清洁博主带动风气，建议人们动手清洁。 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些春天的迹象也向许多人传递出一个信息：是时候对自家进行一次彻底的清扫了。这一传统可以追溯到古代，象征着从冬眠般的冬季到充满活力的春季的转变。此处root与date为主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填dating。 【2题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：伦敦“家庭博物馆”的馆长玛伦·沃斯说：“我们清扫地板、擦拭表面，这些举动所体现的正是我们对这一传统表示尊重，这一传统将我们与过去几代人紧密相连。”引导主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，指“这些行为所代表的事”用what引导。故填what。 【3题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国文化中，新年前夕人们通常会打扫房屋，以期迎来好运。句型It is customary to do sth.表示“做某事是一种习俗”。故填to tidy。 【4题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：过去，人们用木材或煤炭来为房屋供暖。主语homes与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文In the past可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填were heated。 【5题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：在电力得到广泛应用之前，人们使用油灯来照明，因此物体表面会积聚灰尘。引导时间状语从句，表示“在……之前”用before；或表示“直到……为止”用until。故填before/until。 【6题详解】 考查比较级。句意：褪黑素会使我们变得不那么愿意去整理和清洁自己的空间了。结合句意“褪黑素让人困倦，因此更不愿意打扫空间”，用比较级，在前面加less。故填less willing。 【7题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当季节发生变化时，那种沉闷感会减轻，我们也会重新获得活力，从而有动力对居住环境进行彻底的清洁。作表语，用形容词motivated。故填motivated。 【8题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：研究表明，清洁具有治愈作用，这一点从那些在社交媒体上风靡一时的“清洁达人”身上就可见一斑。定语从句修饰先行词cleanfluencers，在从句作主语，指人。故填who/that。 【9题详解】 考查介词。句意：起初只是观看一个简单的视频，但最终却往往会让观众们投入到自己的家务劳动中去。短语start as/with表示“开始于/以……开始”，故填as/with。 【10题详解】 考查祈使句。句意：如果你最近没去健身房的话，那就先在家里开始锻炼吧，比如先擦窗户和地板。此处为肯定祈使句，应填动词原形。故填start。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. balance B. breathing C. expanding D. figure E. labeled F. meeting G. precision H. skilled I. transition J. unexpected K. unfolded China’s first robot Peking Opera has drawn attention for its costumes, classic pieces, and the team-up between a fully made-up robot and a human performer. Videos from the first show of Farewell My Concubine (《霸王别姬》) show “Scholar 01,” China’s first robot doctoral student, stepping onstage. Dressed as the historical ____11____ Xiang Yu, the robot moves, raises its arms, and shifts its eyes to the beat of music, performing alongside Wu Xiaofeng, a Peking Opera major. Those videos triggered widespread discussion. For some audience, the performance was “full of futuristic charm,” an inventive____12____of traditional opera and cutting-edge technology. Others questioned whether a machine, however____13____, could truly belong on a stage for which human performers have spent their whole lives training. Yet what ____14____on stage touched something deeper than the novelty of a robot in face paint. The interaction of human breath and machine code suggested a(n) ____15____ possibility: That technology might extend beyond the languages of traditional operas. The robot’s ____16____added a strange clarity to the unique movements that have defined Peking Opera for centuries. Wen Mu, the director of the performance, stated it aimed to offer a glimpse of what a data-driven interpretation of the form could look like. One that can be repeated, fine-tuned and built upon in ways no human body would tolerate. And beyond the mechanics, the integration of robotics and Peking Opera is____17____ new life into the ancient art, drawing in youngsters. After the performance, teenagers who had never watched a full traditional opera suddenly found themselves discussing face-painting styles. Whatever one makes of the aesthetics (审美), it is clear that the production succeeded in ____18____ the conversation around Peking Opera. A robot dressed as Xiang Yu does offer younger and global audiences an accessible doorway into a dense, centuries-old tradition. For a cultural form that is so often ____19____ “too distant,” this is no small achievement. And perhaps that is where the Shanghai experiment lands most thoughtfully as a reminder that the future of an ancient art depends on how carefully its devoted protectors ____20____ progress and preservation. Robotics can enrich the stage, but it should not replace the human instinct and emotional intelligence on which Peking Opera’s survival depends. 【答案】11. D 12. F 13. H 14. K 15. J 16. G 17. B 18. C 19. E 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕中国首个机器人京剧展开讨论，阐述了机器人与人类演员合作表演《霸王别姬》引发的争议、带来的意义及对传统京剧未来发展的思考。 【11题详解】 考查名词。句意：机器人装扮成历史人物项羽，随着音乐的节拍移动、举臂、转动眼神，与京剧专业的吴小凤同台表演。空处作介词as的宾语，结合“Xiang Yu”可知，此处指历史人物，名词figure“人物”符合题意。故选D。 【12题详解】 考查名词。句意：对一些观众来说，这场表演“充满未来感”，是传统戏曲与尖端技术的创造性结合。空处前有形容词inventive修饰，结合“traditional opera and cutting-edge technology”可知，此处指传统戏剧和尖端技术的结合，名词meeting“结合；融合”，符合题意。故选F。 【13题详解】 考查形容词。句意：另一些人则质疑，无论一台机器多么熟练，是否真的能登上一个人类演员耗费一生时间训练才能登上的舞台。空处作表语，修饰machine，结合“human performers have spent their whole lives training”可知，此处指熟练程度，形容词skilled“熟练的”，符合题意。故选H。 【14题详解】 考查动词。句意：然而，舞台上呈现的一切，触动人们的不仅仅是脸上涂着油彩的机器人带来的新奇感。文章整体为一般过去时，空处作谓语，结合“on stage ”可知，此处指舞台上呈现的内容，动词unfolded“呈现；展开”，符合题意。故选K。 【15题详解】 考查形容词。句意：人类的气息与机器代码的互动，暗示了一种意想不到的可能性：技术或许能超越传统戏曲的语言。空处修饰名词possibility，结合后文“technology might extend beyond the languages of traditional operas”可知，此处指意想不到的可能性，形容词unexpected“意想不到的”符合题意。故选J。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：机器人的精准度为几个世纪以来定义京剧的独特动作增添了一种奇特的清晰度。空处作主语，结合“added a strange clarity to the unique movements”可知，此处指机器人的精准度，名词precision“精准度；精确性”符合题意。故选G。 【17题详解】 考查动词。句意：除了机械原理之外，机器人技术与京剧的融合正在为这门古老的艺术注入新的活力，吸引着年轻人。空前有is，结合“new life into the ancient art”可知，此处指注入活力，动词breathing（此处为现在分词，与is构成现在进行时）“注入；赋予”符合题意。故选B。 【18题详解】 考查动词。句意：无论人们对其审美有何看法，显然这场演出成功地扩大了关于京剧的讨论范围。空处前有介词in，结合“the conversation around Peking Opera”可知，此处指扩大了讨论范围，动词expanding（此处为动名词）“扩大；拓展”符合题意。故选C。 【19题详解】 考查动词。句意：对于一种经常被贴上“过于遥远”标签的文化形式来说，这是一项不小的成就。空前有is，结合““too distant,””可知，此处指被贴上过于遥远的标签，动词labeled（此处为过去分词，与is构成被动语态）“贴标签；把……称为”符合题意。故选E。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：或许，上海的这场实验最具深意的地方在于，它提醒我们，一门古老艺术的未来，取决于其忠实的守护者如何谨慎地平衡进步与保护。空处作谓语，结合“progress and preservation”可知，此处指品更进步与保护，动词balance“平衡”符合题意。故选A。 II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Letting kids run wild outside A group of children is attempting to move a large stick into place, discussing where it should go. Another child kneels beside a puddle (水坑), drawing a treasure map in the mud. What is ____21____ in this scene? There are no parents standing close by, telling them to “be careful”. This kind of ____22____ adventure — what social media has called “unstructured child summer” — is gaining attention. A study found children spend 35 percent less time playing outdoors than their parents did. Scientists say the ____23____ matters because nature play is good for executive function, emotional regulation and more. Letting children spend their days in wild spaces may look simple, but to the brain, these moments are a ____24____. “Our research shows children allowed to participate in outdoor play become more independent and self-sufficient,” says Martha Thorne, a professor at Queen Maud University College. She adds____25____ play is linked to higher physical and mental well-being, and children who take physical risks often become better at judging other kinds. Thorne notes this kind of play often ____26____ a “flow state,” a sweet spot where challenges are engaging but not overwhelming. In this state, learning potential is at its peak. She also notes nature play is often more ____27____ than playground interactions because it leads to group projects. ____28____inevitably arise, but kids have stronger motivation to work them out, building skills that serve them well throughout life. It is widely claimed that sports and other indoor activities have their benefits, but ____29____ them exclusively means kids aren’t developing executive function skills independently. Without practice navigating trouble or novel situations on their own, teens and young adults may ____30____ when real life doesn’t follow a pattern. It’s usually easier to build these skills early, when brains are most ____31____. “The early years are really formative years for feeling comfortable and capable in nature.” Still, Thorne emphasizes ____32____ over age. She says, “A child should develop at their own pace and overcome challenges step-by-step because then they learn how to ____33____ risks and handle them within their level.” Our experiences with nature in childhood have the potential for a lifelong impact. A review of school-led green space programs found ____34____ improvements to students’ mood and peer connection. ____35____, playing with nature isn’t just good for children. It’s good for the balance of nature. People who spend time in nature as children are more likely to care for it as adults. 21. A. confusing B. alarming C. missing D. disappointing 22. A. cautious B. independent C. exclusive D. lonely 23. A. return B. progress C. structure D. trend 24. A. natural break B. mysterious world C. complex network D. training ground 25. A. aimless B. adventurous C. conventional D. demanding 26. A. generates B. affects C. requires D. predicts 27. A. subjective B. available C. cooperative D. fundamental 28. A. Interruptions B. Conflicts C. Solutions D. Details 29. A. getting through B. identifying with C. longing for D. relying on 30. A. adapt B. struggle C. regret D. persevere 31. A. passive B. receptive C. selective D. objective 32. A. speed B. rule C. ability D. nature 33. A. escape B. share C. overlook D. weigh 34. A. rushed B. sustained C. targeted D. limited 35. A. Moreover B. Therefore C. However D. Otherwise 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. B 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论让孩子在户外自由玩耍的重要性，以及这种无结构化玩耍对孩子身心发展和自然保护的积极影响。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个场景中缺少了什么？A. confusing令人困惑的；B. alarming令人担忧的；C. missing缺少的；D. disappointing令人失望的。根据下文“There are no parents standing close by, telling them to ‘be careful’”可知，此处是问这个场景中缺少了父母在旁边叮嘱的环节。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种独立的冒险——社交媒体所称的“无结构化儿童暑假”——正受到关注。A. cautious谨慎的；B. independent独立的；C. exclusive独有的；D. lonely孤独的。根据前文“There are no parents standing close by, telling them to “be careful”.”可知，这种冒险是孩子独立进行的，体现了独立性。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学家说这种趋势很重要，因为自然玩耍对执行功能、情绪调节等都有好处。A. return回报；B. progress进步；C. structure结构；D. trend趋势。根据前文“A study found children spend 35 percent less time playing outdoors than their parents did” 可知，此处指孩子户外玩耍时间减少这一趋势。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查名词短语辨析。句意：让孩子在野外度过一天看似简单，但对大脑来说，这些时刻是一个训练场。A. natural break自然休息；B. mysterious world神秘世界；C. complex network复杂网络；D. training ground训练场。根据下文“Our research shows children allowed to participate in outdoor play become more independent and self-sufficient”可知，户外玩耍能锻炼孩子，对大脑而言是训练场。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她补充说，冒险性玩耍与更高的身心健康有关，经常进行身体冒险的孩子往往更善于判断其他类型的风险。A. aimless无目的的；B. adventurous冒险的；C. conventional传统的；D. demanding要求高的。根据后文“children who take physical risks”可知，此处指冒险性的玩耍。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：索恩指出，这种玩耍通常会产生一种“心流状态”，即挑战具有吸引力但又不会让人难以承受的最佳状态。A. generates产生；B. affects影响；C. requires要求；D. predicts预测。根据后文“ a “flow state,” ”并结合常识可知，户外玩耍会产生心流状态。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她还指出，自然玩耍通常比游乐场互动更具合作性，因为它会促成小组项目。A. subjective主观的；B. available可获得的；C. cooperative合作的；D. fundamental基本的。根据后文“because it leads to group projects”可知，自然玩耍更具合作性。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：冲突不可避免地会出现，但孩子们有更强的动力去解决它们，培养对他们一生都有益的技能。A. Interruptions中断；B. Conflicts冲突；C. Solutions解决方案；D. Details细节。根据上文“ because it leads to group projects.”和下文“but kids have stronger motivation to work them out”可知，此处指小组项目难免会出现冲突，。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：人们普遍认为体育和其他室内活动有其好处，但仅仅依靠它们意味着孩子们无法独立发展执行功能技能。A. getting through通过；B. identifying with认同；C. longing for渴望；D. relying on依靠。根据前文“sports and other indoor activities have their benefits”以及转折词but可知，此处指仅仅依靠这些室内活动是不够的。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果没有独自应对麻烦或新情况的练习，青少年和年轻人在现实生活不按常规进行时可能会挣扎。A. adapt适应；B. struggle挣扎；C. regret后悔；D. persevere坚持。结合前文“Without practice navigating trouble or novel situations on their own”没有应对新情况的练习，可知遇到不按常规的现实生活时会挣扎。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通常在大脑最容易接受的时候，尽早培养这些技能会更容易。A. passive被动的；B. receptive易接受的；C. selective选择性的；D. objective客观的。根据下文“The early years are really formative years”可知，此时大脑最易接受新技能。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，索恩强调能力比年龄更重要。A. speed速度；B. rule规则；C. ability能力；D. nature自然。根据下文“A child should develop at their own pace and overcome challenges step-by-step”可知，孩子应按自身节奏发展，能力比年龄更重要。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说：“孩子应该按照自己的节奏发展，一步一步地克服挑战，因为这样他们才能学会如何权衡风险，并在自己的能力范围内应对风险。”A. escape逃离；B. share分享；C. overlook忽视；D. weigh权衡。根据后文“handle them within their level”可知，此处指权衡风险。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一项对学校主导的绿地项目的回顾发现，学生的情绪和同伴关系有持续的改善。A. rushed匆忙的；B. sustained持续的；C. targeted有针对性的；D. limited有限的。根据上文“Our experiences with nature in childhood have the potential for a lifelong impact.”推测，绿地项目对学生的积极影响是持续的。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，与自然玩耍不仅对孩子有好处，对自然平衡也有好处。A. Moreover此外；B. Therefore因此；C. However然而；D. Otherwise否则。前文讲与自然玩耍对孩子的好处，后文讲对自然平衡的好处，是递进关系，Moreover符合语境。故选A。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) When I was about to start my Ph.D. studies, I was full of excitement, nursing a firm belief: I would become a scientist. On the first day, I immediately felt out of place. The laboratory was full of shiny instruments I had only ever seen in textbooks. My teacher handed me a tube and asked me to set up a reaction I had never done before. I stayed in the lab until midnight, afraid of being left behind. Most of all, I was hit hard by the language barrier. I was used to classes taught in my mother tongue, but here, everyone spoke English. After the presentation that left me red in the face, just as I was considering leaving science, a senior lab member pulled me aside. “You are not here because of your English,” he reminded me. “You came here because you can think.” His simple words gave me the courage to continue. I carried a tape recorder to every class, replaying presentations to fill gaps. My English progress was slow but steady. By the time I defended my Ph.D., I could express my ideas clearly, and I had come to see my accent not as a barrier, but as a part of my identity that I was proud of. My confidence had skyrocketed. After continuing training in Canada and the US, I returned to my homeland to run my own lab. I assumed my students wouldn’t suffer from the language barrier as I had. But gradually I saw they faced with the same doubts — anxiety about career, confusion about identity. I realized my job was to teach them to think critically and, most of all, give them confidence to succeed in science and in life. One afternoon, I saw a student wrestling with various samples, her gloved hands carefully labeling tube after tube, just like mine used to. Remembering my frustration and what my lab partner once told me, I said, “ You are not here because 38 . You are here because you can think.” Her smile told me she was inspired by these words. Today, what I value most in my job is the transformation I see in the students who arrive nervous but leave confident enough to challenge me, their professor. Every time I walk into the classroom, I see a younger version of myself, and remember the bridge I had to cross to get where I am today. For me, helping others cross that bridge is the true reward of scientific life. 36. The underlined phrase out of place in Para. 2 is closest in meaning to ______. A. indifferent B. amazed C. relieved D. incompetent 37. What can be learned about the author’s experience as a Ph.D.? A. She had to give up due to language and academic pressure. B. She eventually gained confidence to express herself clearly. C. She was the only non-native English speaker in her laboratory. D. She accepted more help from her teacher than from her lab mates. 38. Which of the following sentences best fits the blank 38 in Para. 5? A. your English is perfect B. you use shiny instruments C. you wash tubes carefully D. your experiments always work 39. What moral does the author want to convey through the story? A. Language barriers are the biggest challenge in scientific research. B. Returning to one’s homeland is the fundamental goal for scientists. C. A scientist’s true reward lies in building the next generation’s confidence. D. Hard work and determination are essential for a successful scientific career. 【答案】36. D 37. B 38. D 39. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者读博时因语言与学术压力受挫，学长的话让其坚持。学成归国后，她用同样的话鼓励学生，认为助力后辈成长是科研最大收获。 【36题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“The laboratory was full of shiny instruments I had only ever seen in textbooks. My teacher handed me a tube and asked me to set up a reaction I had never done before.(实验室里摆满了闪闪发光的仪器，这些仪器我只在教科书里见过。老师递给我一个试管，让我进行一个我之前从未做过过的化学反应实验)”可知，仪器陌生、实验不会做，感到力不从心，说明格格不入。故划线词意思是“格格不入的”。故选D。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“By the time I defended my Ph.D., I could express my ideas clearly, and I had come to see my accent not as a barrier, but as a part of my identity that I was proud of.(在我完成博士论文答辩的时候，我已经能够清晰地表达自己的想法了，而且我也开始不再将自己的口音视为一种障碍，而是将其视为一种让我引以为傲的个人特质)”可知，作者作为博士的经历最终获得了清晰表达自我的信心。故选B。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段““You are not here because of your English,” he reminded me. “You came here because you can think.”(“你来这里并非因为你的英语水平，”他提醒我说，“你之所以来这儿，是因为你有思考的能力。”)”以及空前“ One afternoon, I saw a student wrestling with various samples, her gloved hands carefully labeling tube after tube, just like mine used to.(一天下午，我看到一名学生正忙于处理各种样本，她戴着手套的手正一丝不苟地给一个个试管贴上标签，这情景就像我过去所做的那样。)”可知，作者现在用同样的逻辑鼓励遇到同样困境的学生，曾经作者因为英语不好被孤立，此处对应学生的实验困境，故D选项（你的实验总是能成功。）最适合填入，故选D。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Every time I walk into the classroom, I see a younger version of myself, and remember the bridge I had to cross to get where I am today. For me, helping others cross that bridge is the true reward of scientific life.(每次走进教室，我都会看到一个更年轻的自己，并回想起为了走到今天这一步所必须跨越的那座桥梁。对我而言，帮助他人跨越这座桥梁才是科学研究生涯的真正意义所在)”可知，作者通过这个故事想要表达一位科学家真正的回报在于培养下一代人的信心。故选C。 (B) 40. Which of the following is included in the LifeBook service? A. A guaranteed minimum of 200 pages per book. B. A complete audio recording of your life stories. C. A 20-hour in-person interactions to gather your stories. D. A family journey featuring interest-free payment plans. 41. Who is most likely to be interested in LifeBook’s service? A. A university student studying writing skills. B. A professional writer seeking a publisher for a novel. C. A company planning to publish a book about its history. D. A person hoping to record life experiences for grandchildren. 42. What is the tone of this passage? A. Formal and serious. B. Critical and warning. C. Persuasive and warm. D. Humorous and casual. 【答案】40. C 41. D 42. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了LifeBook提供的私人自传撰写服务，包括专家采访、书籍制作等服务内容，旨在吸引人们为家人记录人生故事。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中第三段“Let LifeBook take care of everything, with expert writers and interviewers capturing your experiences over a memorable six-month journey.(让LifeBook帮你记录下这段难忘的六个月旅程，让专家作家和采访者记录下你的经历。)”及其下方“20 hours of face-to-face interviews (20小时面对面访谈)”可知，LifeBook服务包括20小时的面对面互动来收集故事。故选C。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据文中第二段“Imagine your very own private autobiography. All your stories in a beautifully designed book for the whole family to enjoy forever.(想象一下你私人的自传。你所有的故事都在一本设计精美的书中，让全家永远珍藏。)”以及文章最后“Start your journey today, and give your family the gift of your life(今天就开启你的旅程，把你人生的礼物送给家人)”可知，这项服务是为个人记录人生经历、留给家人的。因此，D选项“一个希望为孙辈记录人生经历的人”最有可能感兴趣。故选D。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。文中使用“Imagine your very own private autobiography. All your stories in a beautifully designed book for the whole family to enjoy forever.(想象一下你私人的自传。你所有的故事都在一本设计精美的书中，让全家永远珍藏。)” 、“Great family gift!(绝佳的家庭礼物！)”和“Start your journey today, and give your family the gift of your life, beautifully preserved forever.(今天就开启你的旅程，把你人生的礼物送给家人，精美保存到永远。)”等语言，既具有说服力(劝说读者购买服务)，又充满温情(强调家庭和珍藏)。因此，语气是“说服性和温暖的”。故选C。 (C) Understanding a simple-looking sentence such as “I read this article” actually requires some complicated conceptual computation. But the human brain routinely does this work nearly immediately based on the language’s grammatical rules, says linguist (语言学家) Clara Beckett in the Netherlands. And Beckett’s team has now found that the human brain accommodates fundamental grammatical differences across languages by adjusting how it processes each sentence. For a recent study in PLOS Biology, the researchers observed variations in Dutch-speaking participants’ brain waves while they listened to a Dutch-language audiobook. To visualize these changes, the scientists quantify how many new “predictions” the brain makes of words that could come next in a sentence. This framework was then tested against three different parsing strategies, or linguistic models that illustrate how the brain builds information over time. Previous English-based studies with a similar setup concluded in favor of a model where listeners “wait and see” how each phrase in a sentence will end before interpreting it. But the Dutch speakers in Beckett’s study leaned strongly toward a highly predictive model; participants tended to finish each phrase in their head before it was complete. (A third model, in which listeners wait to hear all the phrases in a sentence before interpreting any part of it, is seldom used in either language.) In Dutch language structure, verbs come near the end of a sentence rather than immediately after the subject like they do in English, explains study lead author Linden in New York University. For instance, “‘I ate a cookie with chocolate’ in Dutch would be ‘I the cookie with chocolate ate.’ You would have to wait very long for the verb to come,” Linden says. “And that’s probably unrealistically late; you’re probably much more predictive in processing” the sentence. Neither parsing strategy is necessarily “better or worse” than the other, Linden adds. “It just happens to be suited to the language people are processing. So we seem to be quite flexible in that you might process one language differently from another simply because they have different properties.” The findings support the need for scientists to incorporate more diversity when crafting linguistic models, says Zining Qiu, a linguist who was not involved in the new study. Her own work has illustrated how different brain regions activate when processing English or Chinese sentences because of their differing linguistic properties. If these studies are done only in English-speaking adults, she says, crucial differences in processing will be missed. Qiu maintains that this limitation defeats the purpose of the models, which are meant to provide a realistic picture of human language-based thinking. Diversifying subjects in studies of how the brain processes language “is going to help us capture how the brain is understanding the structured meaning of language, and the social utility of language, in many different ways,” Beckett says. “There’s so much yet to be understood in the brain.” 43. Which of the following situations best shows the result of conceptual computation (Para.1)? A. A child repeats “kangaroo” after hearing it from her mother. B. A listener instantly knows who did what in “Dad made pizza”. C. A student takes notes to break down a complicated argument. D. A processor totals the number of words in a sentence in no time. 44. The linguistic model in Dutch is highly predictive because _______. A. Dutch verbs arrive late, forcing the brain to predict early B. Dutch-language audiobooks help visualize the meaning C. Dutch speakers use various models to analyze sentences D. Dutch listeners “wait and see” how each phrase will end 45. Zining Qiu would most likely agree that _______. A. English-based studies have huge scientific value B. existing linguistic models may not apply universally C. only non-English languages deserve further investigation D. findings from Dutch speakers contradict previous research 46. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. European grammar rules B. Understanding the brain C. Comparing Dutch and English D. Language on the mind 【答案】43. B 44. A 45. B 46. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍语言学家克拉拉·贝克特团队的研究发现：人类大脑会根据语言的语法规则，对看似简单的句子进行复杂的概念计算，并通过调整处理方式来适应不同语言的基本语法差异。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Understanding a simple-looking sentence such as “I read this article” actually requires some complicated conceptual computation. But the human brain routinely does this work nearly immediately based on the language’s grammatical rules, says linguist (语言学家) Clara Beckett in the Netherlands.(像“我读了这篇文章”这种看似简单的句子，想要真正理解它，其实需要进行一些复杂的概念运算。 但荷兰语言学家克拉拉・贝克特表示，人类大脑几乎总是能依据语言的语法规则，瞬间完成这一过程)”可知，概念计算是大脑基于语法规则对句子进行理解的过程。B选项“A listener instantly knows who did what in ‘Dad made pizza’.(听众立刻知道在‘爸爸做了披萨’这句话中谁做了什么)”，听众能基于语法规则快速理解句子含义，体现了概念计算的结果，故选B项。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“In Dutch language structure, verbs come near the end of a sentence rather than immediately after the subject like they do in English, explains study lead author Linden in New York University. For instance, “‘I ate a cookie with chocolate’ in Dutch would be ‘I the cookie with chocolate ate.’ You would have to wait very long for the verb to come,” Linden says. “And that’s probably unrealistically late; you’re probably much more predictive in processing” the sentence.(纽约大学该研究的第一作者林登解释说，在荷兰语的结构中，动词出现在句子末尾附近，而不像英语那样紧跟在主语之后。 例如，“I ate a cookie with chocolate”（我吃了一块巧克力饼干）用荷兰语表达会是 “I the cookie with chocolate ate”。 林登说：“你必须等很久才能等到动词出现。而这种延迟在现实理解中是不切实际的，因此你在处理句子时很可能会进行大量的预判。”)”可知，荷兰语中动词出现较晚，这使得大脑不得不提前预测，所以荷兰语的语言模型具有高度预测性，故选A项。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“The findings support the need for scientists to incorporate more diversity when crafting linguistic models, says Zining Qiu, a linguist who was not involved in the new study. Her own work has illustrated how different brain regions activate when processing English or Chinese sentences because of their differing linguistic properties. If these studies are done only in English-speaking adults, she says, crucial differences in processing will be missed. Qiu maintains that this limitation defeats the purpose of the models, which are meant to provide a realistic picture of human language-based thinking.(未参与这项新研究的语言学家邱子宁表示，这些研究结果表明，科学家在构建语言模型时必须纳入更多元的语言类型。 她自己的研究已经证明，由于英语和汉语的语言特性不同，人们在处理这两种语言的句子时，大脑的不同区域会被激活。她说，如果这些研究只在讲英语的成年人中开展，就会忽略语言处理过程中的关键差异。 邱子宁认为，这种局限性会违背语言模型的初衷 —— 模型本应真实反映人类基于语言的思维过程)”可知，邱子宁认为现有的基于英语的语言模型可能无法普遍适用，故选B项。 【46题详解】 主旨大意题。主要介绍语言学家克拉拉·贝克特团队的研究发现：人类大脑会根据语言的语法规则，对看似简单的句子进行复杂的概念计算，并通过调整处理方式来适应不同语言的基本语法差异。D选项“Language on the mind(脑海中的语言)”能较好概括文章内容。为最佳标题。故选D项。 Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The Power of Pebbling Every day, despite our demanding roles, we exchange small digital clips and emojis. These are meaningful signals that keep us connected, a way of saying, “I’m thinking of you.” In many ways, this is our newfound practice that keeps us connected when life pulls us in different directions. ____47____Inspired by Gentoo penguins (巴布亚企鹅) who offer pebbles to mates, pebbling in human relationships involves small, thoughtful gestures that show someone is on our mind. In a digital age, this means sharing videos, or articles that mirror our inner circles, serving as a modern love language that narrows emotional and physical distance. Technology can be a regenerative force for connection, though people remain doubtful about its role in human relationships. ____48____ While there may be some truth to these concerns, it’s also important to detail how technology can enhance our relationships. For those who are interested in less straight ways of knowing, the attempts for digital connection can remind us that relationships are not always defined by being physically close or responsive. ____49____ For those who find traditional forms of communication challenging, pebbling can be a strong alternative for expressing affection and maintaining closeness without the pressure of sustained conversation. Traditional expressions of affection may not feel genuine, but pebbling can allow for relational development through digital actions. In our fast-paced world, it’s tempting to dismiss these digital connections. Yet, by noticing how people create new forms of relationships, we can enrich our understanding. Screen time should not be seen only as an enemy of connection. ____50____ If that is the case, then our work is to keep searching and learning from how people adapt as relationships keep evolving. A. Critics argue that screens have replaced face-to-face conversations and that social media often creates shallow connections. B. In fact, pebbling can serve as a gentle bridge for those who are not used to conventional closeness. C. It is easy to overlook pebbling as an especially valuable form of communication for sociable people. D. It’s not surprising that this practice has earned a name: Pebbling. E. Rather, it can be a new path to building and maintaining close relationships. F. When transferred to human relationships, this practice involves tiny, considerate gestures. 【答案】47. D 48. A 49. B 50. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍“投石互动”，人们通过分享数字内容这类微小举动维系情感；科技虽遭质疑，却能拉近关系，是新时代构建亲密联结的新方式。 【47题详解】 根据上文“In many ways, this is our newfound practice that keeps us connected when life pulls us in different directions.(在很多方面，这正是我们新养成的习惯，它能让我们在生活将我们引向不同方向时仍保持紧密的联系)”可知，前文提到这种日常分享小片段、表情包的行为是维系联系的新方式，后文紧接着解释“pebbling”的由来，D 选项“这种行为有了一个名字：投石互动（Pebbling）” 起到承上启下、引出核心概念的作用，逻辑通顺。故选D。 【48题详解】 根据上文“Technology can be a regenerative force for connection, though people remain doubtful about its role in human relationships.(技术能够成为促进人际联系的再生力量，不过人们对于其在人类关系中的作用仍持怀疑态度)”以及后文“While there may be some truth to these concerns, it’s also important to detail how technology can enhance our relationships. For those who are interested in less straight ways of knowing, the attempts for digital connection can remind us that relationships are not always defined by being physically close or responsive.(虽然这些担忧或许有一定道理，但同样重要的是要详细说明技术如何能够增强我们的关系。对于那些寻求非传统了解方式的人来说，数字化连接的尝试能够提醒我们，关系并不总是由身体上的亲近或即时的回应来定义的)”可知，前文提到人们质疑科技在人际关系中的作用，后文说这些担忧有一定道理，A选项“批评者认为屏幕取代了面对面交流，社交媒体常造就肤浅的联系”正是具体的质疑观点，与上下文衔接紧密。故选A。 【49题详解】 根据后文“For those who find traditional forms of communication challenging, pebbling can be a strong alternative for expressing affection and maintaining closeness without the pressure of sustained conversation. Traditional expressions of affection may not feel genuine, but pebbling can allow for relational development through digital actions.(对于那些觉得传统交流方式难以适应的人来说，弹珠游戏可以成为一种强有力的替代方式，用于表达爱意和保持亲密关系，同时又无需承受长时间交谈的压力。传统的表达爱意的方式可能让人感觉不真诚，但弹珠游戏能够通过数字化的行动促进人际关系的发展)”可知，后文指出对于觉得传统沟通有难度的人来说，pebbling是很好的替代方式，B 选项“事实上，对于不习惯传统亲密方式的人，投石互动是一座温柔的桥梁”与后文内容高度契合，是段落主旨句。故选B。 【50题详解】 根据上文“Screen time should not be seen only as an enemy of connection.(屏幕使用时间不应仅仅被视为破坏人际联系的因素)”可知，前文提出不应把屏幕时间视作社交的敌人，E选项“相反，它可以成为建立和维系亲密关系的新途径”形成转折，承接上文并呼应全文核心观点。故选E。 III. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. The Secret of Belly Fat (腹部脂肪) Belly fat refers to the unnecessary fat stored deep in the belly around the internal organs. It has long been thought to be particularly bad for your heart, increasing the risk of high blood pressure. However, recent scientific studies are casting new light on its more complex functions. A large-scale study published in Neurology has found that people with more belly fat tend to have less gray matter in their brains. Since gray matter helps with thinking and memory, this reduction in size means too much belly fat could lead to memory problems later in life. Scientists believe belly fat may harm the brain by producing harmful substances that cause gray matter to decrease and gradually damage the brain over time. However, not all belly fat is harmful. Emerging research from the Karolinska Institute reveals that there are several types of belly fat, and some can actually help your body. For example, fat located near your intestine (肠子) contains many defense cells that help fight diseases. This fat acts like an organ that talks to your body’s defense network. Furthermore, other studies distinguish between different types of fat cell. Unlike white fat that stores energy, brown and light yellow-brown fat burn calories to produce heat and can help lower blood pressure, which means some belly fat can protect your heart and improve your health. Thus, belly fat represents a biological mystery: while too much fat leads to disease, certain fat tissues play protective roles in fighting illness and processing energy. This two-sided fact emphasizes that health depends not just on fat quantity, but on its type and function. Maintaining a balanced diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and managing stress effectively can help control harmful belly fat while promoting the beneficial forms, contributing to overall well-being. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Version 1 Belly fat was once considered harmful to heart. However, new studies show too much belly fat may harm the brain and cause memory loss while some fat, like brown fat, helps fight diseases, burn calories and protect the heart. So health depends on fat’s type and role. Eating well, exercising, and managing stress can control bad fat. Version 2 New studies show belly fat is more complex than previously thought. While too much belly fat harms the brain and causes memory loss, certain types, like brown fat, can protect health by burning calories and supporting immunity. Therefore, health depends on its type and function. Eating well, exercising, and managing stress help control bad fat. 【解析】 【导语】（范文1） 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说腹部脂肪曾被认为对心脏有害。然而，新的研究表明，过多的腹部脂肪可能会损害大脑并导致记忆力减退，而某些脂肪（如棕色脂肪）则有助于对抗疾病、燃烧卡路里并保护心脏。因此，健康取决于脂肪的类型和作用。合理饮食、适量运动以及有效管理压力能够控制不良脂肪。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①Belly fat refers to the unnecessary fat stored deep in the belly around the internal organs. It has long been thought to be particularly bad for your heart, increasing the risk of high blood pressure. However, recent scientific studies are casting new light on its more complex functions. ②Scientists believe belly fat may harm the brain by producing harmful substances that cause gray matter to decrease and gradually damage the brain over time. Unlike white fat that stores energy, brown and light yellow-brown fat burn calories to produce heat and can help lower blood pressure, which means some belly fat can protect your heart and improve your health. ③This two-sided fact emphasizes that health depends not just on fat quantity, but on its type and function. ④Maintaining a balanced diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and managing stress effectively can help control harmful belly fat while promoting the beneficial forms, contributing to overall well-being. 2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行综述，将第2、3、4三个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 Belly fat was once considered harmful to heart. However, new studies show too much belly fat may harm the brain and cause memory loss while some fat, like brown fat, helps fight diseases, burn calories and protect the heart. So health depends on fat’s type and role. Eating well, exercising, and managing stress can control bad fat. 【点睛】[高分句型1] However, new studies show too much belly fat may harm the brain and cause memory loss while some fat, like brown fat, helps fight diseases, burn calories and protect the heart.（运用了省略that的宾语从句） [高分句型2] Eating well, exercising, and managing stress can control bad fat.（运用了动名词作主语） IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 元宵节当天，志愿者们忙着在社区准备节日庆祝活动。（engage）（汉译英） ______________________________________________________ 【答案】On the Lantern Festival, the volunteers were busy engaging themselves in preparing the festival celebrations in the community. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语和时态。表示“元宵节当天”为on the Lantern Festival；表示“志愿者们”用复数名词volunteers，作主语；表示“忙着做某事”短语为be busy engaging oneself in doing sth.；表示“准备节日庆祝活动”为动名词短语preparing the festival celebrations in the community。发生在过去用一般过去时。故翻译为On the Lantern Festival, the volunteers were busy engaging themselves in preparing the festival celebrations in the community. 53. 第一次乘坐高铁远行，我学会了找站台，也学会了和陌生人打交道。(The first time) （汉译英） ______________________________________________________ 【答案】The first time I traveled long distance by high-speed rail, I learned how to find the platform and how to deal with strangers. 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句和时态。表示“第一次”为the first time，引导时间状语从句，主语为I；表示“乘坐高铁远行”为travel long distance by high-speed rail；主句主语为I；表示“学会”用动词learn；表示“找站台”用疑问词+不定式结构，翻译为how to find the platform；表示“和陌生人打交道”为how to deal with strangers，and连接并列结构，发生在过去用一般过去时。故翻译为The first time I traveled long distance by high-speed rail, I learned how to find the platform and how to deal with strangers. 54. 乡村生态研学中，呼吸着清新的空气，听着鸟鸣声，我意识到放慢脚步，才能看见风景。(aware) （汉译英） ______________________________________________________ 【答案】During the rural ecological study tour, breathing the fresh air and listening to the birdsong, I became aware that only by slowing down could I see the scenery. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语、非谓语动词和时态。表示“乡村生态研学中”短语为during the rural ecological study tour；表示“呼吸着清新的空气”为breathing the fresh air；表示“听着鸟鸣声”为listening to the birdsong，and连接并列结构，与主语I构成主动关系，故用现在分词词作状语；主语为I；表示“意识到”短语为became aware that；表示“到放慢脚步，才能看见风景”翻译为倒装句，为only by slowing down could I see the scenery。动作发生在过去用一般过去时。故翻译为During the rural ecological study tour, breathing the fresh air and listening to the birdsong, I became aware that only by slowing down could I see the scenery. 55. 这家位于大学内拐角处的咖啡店看似普普通通，实则咖啡豆品质上乘，难怪多年来深受师生青睐。(locate) （汉译英） ______________________________________________________ 【答案】The coffee shop, located at the corner inside the university, seems ordinary, but in fact its coffee beans are of high quality, so no wonder (that) it has been popular with teachers and students over the years. 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词短语和固定句型。主语“这家咖啡店”用the coffee shop，“看起来”seem，句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，表语“普通的”用形容词ordinary，“位于大学内拐角处”为后置定语，表达为located at the corner inside the university，but表转折，连接并列句,“事实上”用in fact，主语“它的咖啡豆”用its coffee beans，“品质上乘”用are of high quality，构成系表成分，“因此”用so，连接并列句表结果，“难怪”用no wonder (that)...，从句的主语是it，指代上文提到的咖啡店，“受到某人的欢迎”用短语be popular with，“师生”用teachers and students，“多年来”用over the years，是现在完成时的标志词，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故翻译为：The coffee shop, located at the corner inside the university, seems ordinary, but in fact its coffee beans are of high quality, so no wonder (that) it has been popular with teachers and students over the years. V. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Choose one of the two tasks below and write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 甲题 明启中学计划在微信公众号（public account）推出栏目“Weekend Spots for Students”，邀请学生推荐值得参观的城市文化场馆。假如你是学校高三学生李华，请给公众号负责老师写一封信，信件内容包括： （1）推荐一个场馆（图书馆/美术馆/科技馆）； （2）说明你为什么推荐这个场馆； （3）就该场馆在公众号上的呈现形式提出建议（如图文、短视频等），并说明理由。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 乙题 假如你是明启中学环保社团成员李华。你校将举办“绿色校园周” (Green Campus Week) 活动，现向全校征集活动方案。请你以社团名义提交一份英文提案，内容包括： （1）你提议的一项具体环保活动（如废旧物品改造、校园植物认养、节能挑战等）； （2）该活动的目的与预期效果； （3）活动的具体实施步骤。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Teacher, I’m Li Hua, a Senior Three student. I’m writing to recommend the City Library for your column “Weekend Spots for Students”. The library is a perfect place for us students. It has a large collection of books, quiet reading areas and comfortable seats. Reading there can not only enrich our knowledge but also help us relax from heavy study pressure. It also cultivates good reading habits and broadens our minds. As for the presentation on the public account, I advise combining vivid pictures with short videos. Pictures can show the tidy reading environment clearly, while short videos can record the peaceful atmosphere and interesting activities. This form is attractive and straightforward, so more students will be interested in visiting it. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给公众号负责老师写一封信，推荐一个场馆（图书馆/美术馆/科技馆）；说明你为什么推荐这个场馆；就该场馆在公众号上的呈现形式提出建议（如图文、短视频等），并说明理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 压力：pressure→stress 培养：cultivate→foster 吸引人的：attractive→appealing 感兴趣：be interested in→take an interest in 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：The library is a perfect place for us students. It has a large collection of books, quiet reading areas and comfortable seats. 拓展句：The library is a perfect place for us students because it has a large collection of books, quiet reading areas and comfortable seats. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Reading there can not only enrich our knowledge but also help us relax from heavy study pressure.（运用了not only…but also…句型） 【高分句型2】This form is attractive and straightforward, so more students will be interested in visiting it.（运用了动名词作宾语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高三教学资源包 高三英语练习 （练习时间：105分钟 满分：115分） I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Temperatures are warming up with days getting longer, so we throw off our coats and boots and spend time outside taking in the sun’s warmth. Those signs of spring also signal to many that it’s time to conduct a thorough cleaning in their house, a tradition with roots ____1____ (date) back to ancient times, symbolizing the transition from the hibernating (冬眠) winter season to the dynamic growth of spring. “We sweep the floor and polish the surface, and ____2____ these actions represent is that we are honoring a tradition which unites us with past generations,” says Maren Voss, a director at the Museum of the Home in London. Spring cleaning actually arises from various cultures. In Chinese culture, it is customary just before New Year’s Day ____3____ (tidy) up one’s home so that good fortune will arrive. In Western culture, spring cleaning also has a practical history. In the past, homes ____4____ (heat) with wood or coal. And oil lamps lit homes ____5____ electricity was widely used, so dirt built up on surfaces. Here came spring cleaning. However, spring cleaning may have more to do with biology. Some studies suggest more sunlight increases our wakefulness because we produce less melatonin, a chemical that makes us sleepy. Melatonin causes us to become ____6____ (willing) to refresh our space. When the seasons start to shift, feelings of dullness reduce, and we regain energy and feel ____7____ (motivate) to deep clean our living environments. Studies have shown that cleaning has a healing effect, as seen by the new generation of “cleanfluencers” ____8____ are taking social media by storm. Millions of people watch them clean dirty homes and share cleaning tips. What starts ____9____ a simple video watch often ends with viewers tackling their own household chores. If you haven’t visited the gym lately, _____10_____ (start) your workout at home by washing windows and floors. So pick a room, grab some cleaning supplies and begin. Make your living space as fresh as spring. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. balance B. breathing C. expanding D. figure E. labeled F. meeting G. precision H. skilled I. transition J. unexpected K. unfolded China’s first robot Peking Opera has drawn attention for its costumes, classic pieces, and the team-up between a fully made-up robot and a human performer. Videos from the first show of Farewell My Concubine (《霸王别姬》) show “Scholar 01,” China’s first robot doctoral student, stepping onstage. Dressed as the historical ____11____ Xiang Yu, the robot moves, raises its arms, and shifts its eyes to the beat of music, performing alongside Wu Xiaofeng, a Peking Opera major. Those videos triggered widespread discussion. For some audience, the performance was “full of futuristic charm,” an inventive____12____of traditional opera and cutting-edge technology. Others questioned whether a machine, however____13____, could truly belong on a stage for which human performers have spent their whole lives training. Yet what ____14____on stage touched something deeper than the novelty of a robot in face paint. The interaction of human breath and machine code suggested a(n) ____15____ possibility: That technology might extend beyond the languages of traditional operas. The robot’s ____16____added a strange clarity to the unique movements that have defined Peking Opera for centuries. Wen Mu, the director of the performance, stated it aimed to offer a glimpse of what a data-driven interpretation of the form could look like. One that can be repeated, fine-tuned and built upon in ways no human body would tolerate. And beyond the mechanics, the integration of robotics and Peking Opera is____17____ new life into the ancient art, drawing in youngsters. After the performance, teenagers who had never watched a full traditional opera suddenly found themselves discussing face-painting styles. Whatever one makes of the aesthetics (审美), it is clear that the production succeeded in ____18____ the conversation around Peking Opera. A robot dressed as Xiang Yu does offer younger and global audiences an accessible doorway into a dense, centuries-old tradition. For a cultural form that is so often ____19____ “too distant,” this is no small achievement. And perhaps that is where the Shanghai experiment lands most thoughtfully as a reminder that the future of an ancient art depends on how carefully its devoted protectors ____20____ progress and preservation. Robotics can enrich the stage, but it should not replace the human instinct and emotional intelligence on which Peking Opera’s survival depends. II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Letting kids run wild outside A group of children is attempting to move a large stick into place, discussing where it should go. Another child kneels beside a puddle (水坑), drawing a treasure map in the mud. What is ____21____ in this scene? There are no parents standing close by, telling them to “be careful”. This kind of ____22____ adventure — what social media has called “unstructured child summer” — is gaining attention. A study found children spend 35 percent less time playing outdoors than their parents did. Scientists say the ____23____ matters because nature play is good for executive function, emotional regulation and more. Letting children spend their days in wild spaces may look simple, but to the brain, these moments are a ____24____. “Our research shows children allowed to participate in outdoor play become more independent and self-sufficient,” says Martha Thorne, a professor at Queen Maud University College. She adds____25____ play is linked to higher physical and mental well-being, and children who take physical risks often become better at judging other kinds. Thorne notes this kind of play often ____26____ a “flow state,” a sweet spot where challenges are engaging but not overwhelming. In this state, learning potential is at its peak. She also notes nature play is often more ____27____ than playground interactions because it leads to group projects. ____28____inevitably arise, but kids have stronger motivation to work them out, building skills that serve them well throughout life. It is widely claimed that sports and other indoor activities have their benefits, but ____29____ them exclusively means kids aren’t developing executive function skills independently. Without practice navigating trouble or novel situations on their own, teens and young adults may ____30____ when real life doesn’t follow a pattern. It’s usually easier to build these skills early, when brains are most ____31____. “The early years are really formative years for feeling comfortable and capable in nature.” Still, Thorne emphasizes ____32____ over age. She says, “A child should develop at their own pace and overcome challenges step-by-step because then they learn how to ____33____ risks and handle them within their level.” Our experiences with nature in childhood have the potential for a lifelong impact. A review of school-led green space programs found ____34____ improvements to students’ mood and peer connection. ____35____, playing with nature isn’t just good for children. It’s good for the balance of nature. People who spend time in nature as children are more likely to care for it as adults. 21. A. confusing B. alarming C. missing D. disappointing 22. A. cautious B. independent C. exclusive D. lonely 23. A. return B. progress C. structure D. trend 24. A. natural break B. mysterious world C. complex network D. training ground 25. A. aimless B. adventurous C. conventional D. demanding 26. A. generates B. affects C. requires D. predicts 27. A. subjective B. available C. cooperative D. fundamental 28. A. Interruptions B. Conflicts C. Solutions D. Details 29. A. getting through B. identifying with C. longing for D. relying on 30. A. adapt B. struggle C. regret D. persevere 31. A. passive B. receptive C. selective D. objective 32. A. speed B. rule C. ability D. nature 33. A. escape B. share C. overlook D. weigh 34. A. rushed B. sustained C. targeted D. limited 35. A. Moreover B. Therefore C. However D. Otherwise Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) When I was about to start my Ph.D. studies, I was full of excitement, nursing a firm belief: I would become a scientist. On the first day, I immediately felt out of place. The laboratory was full of shiny instruments I had only ever seen in textbooks. My teacher handed me a tube and asked me to set up a reaction I had never done before. I stayed in the lab until midnight, afraid of being left behind. Most of all, I was hit hard by the language barrier. I was used to classes taught in my mother tongue, but here, everyone spoke English. After the presentation that left me red in the face, just as I was considering leaving science, a senior lab member pulled me aside. “You are not here because of your English,” he reminded me. “You came here because you can think.” His simple words gave me the courage to continue. I carried a tape recorder to every class, replaying presentations to fill gaps. My English progress was slow but steady. By the time I defended my Ph.D., I could express my ideas clearly, and I had come to see my accent not as a barrier, but as a part of my identity that I was proud of. My confidence had skyrocketed. After continuing training in Canada and the US, I returned to my homeland to run my own lab. I assumed my students wouldn’t suffer from the language barrier as I had. But gradually I saw they faced with the same doubts — anxiety about career, confusion about identity. I realized my job was to teach them to think critically and, most of all, give them confidence to succeed in science and in life. One afternoon, I saw a student wrestling with various samples, her gloved hands carefully labeling tube after tube, just like mine used to. Remembering my frustration and what my lab partner once told me, I said, “ You are not here because 38 . You are here because you can think.” Her smile told me she was inspired by these words. Today, what I value most in my job is the transformation I see in the students who arrive nervous but leave confident enough to challenge me, their professor. Every time I walk into the classroom, I see a younger version of myself, and remember the bridge I had to cross to get where I am today. For me, helping others cross that bridge is the true reward of scientific life. 36. The underlined phrase out of place in Para. 2 is closest in meaning to ______. A. indifferent B. amazed C. relieved D. incompetent 37. What can be learned about the author’s experience as a Ph.D.? A. She had to give up due to language and academic pressure. B. She eventually gained confidence to express herself clearly. C. She was the only non-native English speaker in her laboratory. D. She accepted more help from her teacher than from her lab mates. 38. Which of the following sentences best fits the blank 38 in Para. 5? A. your English is perfect B. you use shiny instruments C. you wash tubes carefully D. your experiments always work 39. What moral does the author want to convey through the story? A. Language barriers are the biggest challenge in scientific research. B. Returning to one’s homeland is the fundamental goal for scientists. C. A scientist’s true reward lies in building the next generation’s confidence. D. Hard work and determination are essential for a successful scientific career. (B) 40. Which of the following is included in the LifeBook service? A. A guaranteed minimum of 200 pages per book. B. A complete audio recording of your life stories. C. A 20-hour in-person interactions to gather your stories. D. A family journey featuring interest-free payment plans. 41. Who is most likely to be interested in LifeBook’s service? A. A university student studying writing skills. B. A professional writer seeking a publisher for a novel. C. A company planning to publish a book about its history. D. A person hoping to record life experiences for grandchildren. 42. What is the tone of this passage? A. Formal and serious. B. Critical and warning. C. Persuasive and warm. D. Humorous and casual. (C) Understanding a simple-looking sentence such as “I read this article” actually requires some complicated conceptual computation. But the human brain routinely does this work nearly immediately based on the language’s grammatical rules, says linguist (语言学家) Clara Beckett in the Netherlands. And Beckett’s team has now found that the human brain accommodates fundamental grammatical differences across languages by adjusting how it processes each sentence. For a recent study in PLOS Biology, the researchers observed variations in Dutch-speaking participants’ brain waves while they listened to a Dutch-language audiobook. To visualize these changes, the scientists quantify how many new “predictions” the brain makes of words that could come next in a sentence. This framework was then tested against three different parsing strategies, or linguistic models that illustrate how the brain builds information over time. Previous English-based studies with a similar setup concluded in favor of a model where listeners “wait and see” how each phrase in a sentence will end before interpreting it. But the Dutch speakers in Beckett’s study leaned strongly toward a highly predictive model; participants tended to finish each phrase in their head before it was complete. (A third model, in which listeners wait to hear all the phrases in a sentence before interpreting any part of it, is seldom used in either language.) In Dutch language structure, verbs come near the end of a sentence rather than immediately after the subject like they do in English, explains study lead author Linden in New York University. For instance, “‘I ate a cookie with chocolate’ in Dutch would be ‘I the cookie with chocolate ate.’ You would have to wait very long for the verb to come,” Linden says. “And that’s probably unrealistically late; you’re probably much more predictive in processing” the sentence. Neither parsing strategy is necessarily “better or worse” than the other, Linden adds. “It just happens to be suited to the language people are processing. So we seem to be quite flexible in that you might process one language differently from another simply because they have different properties.” The findings support the need for scientists to incorporate more diversity when crafting linguistic models, says Zining Qiu, a linguist who was not involved in the new study. Her own work has illustrated how different brain regions activate when processing English or Chinese sentences because of their differing linguistic properties. If these studies are done only in English-speaking adults, she says, crucial differences in processing will be missed. Qiu maintains that this limitation defeats the purpose of the models, which are meant to provide a realistic picture of human language-based thinking. Diversifying subjects in studies of how the brain processes language “is going to help us capture how the brain is understanding the structured meaning of language, and the social utility of language, in many different ways,” Beckett says. “There’s so much yet to be understood in the brain.” 43. Which of the following situations best shows the result of conceptual computation (Para.1)? A. A child repeats “kangaroo” after hearing it from her mother. B. A listener instantly knows who did what in “Dad made pizza”. C. A student takes notes to break down a complicated argument. D. A processor totals the number of words in a sentence in no time. 44. The linguistic model in Dutch is highly predictive because _______. A. Dutch verbs arrive late, forcing the brain to predict early B. Dutch-language audiobooks help visualize the meaning C. Dutch speakers use various models to analyze sentences D. Dutch listeners “wait and see” how each phrase will end 45. Zining Qiu would most likely agree that _______. A. English-based studies have huge scientific value B. existing linguistic models may not apply universally C. only non-English languages deserve further investigation D. findings from Dutch speakers contradict previous research 46. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. European grammar rules B. Understanding the brain C. Comparing Dutch and English D. Language on the mind Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The Power of Pebbling Every day, despite our demanding roles, we exchange small digital clips and emojis. These are meaningful signals that keep us connected, a way of saying, “I’m thinking of you.” In many ways, this is our newfound practice that keeps us connected when life pulls us in different directions. ____47____Inspired by Gentoo penguins (巴布亚企鹅) who offer pebbles to mates, pebbling in human relationships involves small, thoughtful gestures that show someone is on our mind. In a digital age, this means sharing videos, or articles that mirror our inner circles, serving as a modern love language that narrows emotional and physical distance. Technology can be a regenerative force for connection, though people remain doubtful about its role in human relationships. ____48____ While there may be some truth to these concerns, it’s also important to detail how technology can enhance our relationships. For those who are interested in less straight ways of knowing, the attempts for digital connection can remind us that relationships are not always defined by being physically close or responsive. ____49____ For those who find traditional forms of communication challenging, pebbling can be a strong alternative for expressing affection and maintaining closeness without the pressure of sustained conversation. Traditional expressions of affection may not feel genuine, but pebbling can allow for relational development through digital actions. In our fast-paced world, it’s tempting to dismiss these digital connections. Yet, by noticing how people create new forms of relationships, we can enrich our understanding. Screen time should not be seen only as an enemy of connection. ____50____ If that is the case, then our work is to keep searching and learning from how people adapt as relationships keep evolving. A. Critics argue that screens have replaced face-to-face conversations and that social media often creates shallow connections. B. In fact, pebbling can serve as a gentle bridge for those who are not used to conventional closeness. C. It is easy to overlook pebbling as an especially valuable form of communication for sociable people. D. It’s not surprising that this practice has earned a name: Pebbling. E. Rather, it can be a new path to building and maintaining close relationships. F. When transferred to human relationships, this practice involves tiny, considerate gestures. III. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. The Secret of Belly Fat (腹部脂肪) Belly fat refers to the unnecessary fat stored deep in the belly around the internal organs. It has long been thought to be particularly bad for your heart, increasing the risk of high blood pressure. However, recent scientific studies are casting new light on its more complex functions. A large-scale study published in Neurology has found that people with more belly fat tend to have less gray matter in their brains. Since gray matter helps with thinking and memory, this reduction in size means too much belly fat could lead to memory problems later in life. Scientists believe belly fat may harm the brain by producing harmful substances that cause gray matter to decrease and gradually damage the brain over time. However, not all belly fat is harmful. Emerging research from the Karolinska Institute reveals that there are several types of belly fat, and some can actually help your body. For example, fat located near your intestine (肠子) contains many defense cells that help fight diseases. This fat acts like an organ that talks to your body’s defense network. Furthermore, other studies distinguish between different types of fat cell. Unlike white fat that stores energy, brown and light yellow-brown fat burn calories to produce heat and can help lower blood pressure, which means some belly fat can protect your heart and improve your health. Thus, belly fat represents a biological mystery: while too much fat leads to disease, certain fat tissues play protective roles in fighting illness and processing energy. This two-sided fact emphasizes that health depends not just on fat quantity, but on its type and function. Maintaining a balanced diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and managing stress effectively can help control harmful belly fat while promoting the beneficial forms, contributing to overall well-being. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 元宵节当天，志愿者们忙着在社区准备节日庆祝活动。（engage）（汉译英） ______________________________________________________ 53. 第一次乘坐高铁远行，我学会了找站台，也学会了和陌生人打交道。(The first time) （汉译英） ______________________________________________________ 54. 乡村生态研学中，呼吸着清新的空气，听着鸟鸣声，我意识到放慢脚步，才能看见风景。(aware) （汉译英） ______________________________________________________ 55. 这家位于大学内拐角处的咖啡店看似普普通通，实则咖啡豆品质上乘，难怪多年来深受师生青睐。(locate) （汉译英） ______________________________________________________ V. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Choose one of the two tasks below and write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 甲题 明启中学计划在微信公众号（public account）推出栏目“Weekend Spots for Students”，邀请学生推荐值得参观的城市文化场馆。假如你是学校高三学生李华，请给公众号负责老师写一封信，信件内容包括： （1）推荐一个场馆（图书馆/美术馆/科技馆）； （2）说明你为什么推荐这个场馆； （3）就该场馆在公众号上的呈现形式提出建议（如图文、短视频等），并说明理由。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 乙题 假如你是明启中学环保社团成员李华。你校将举办“绿色校园周” (Green Campus Week) 活动，现向全校征集活动方案。请你以社团名义提交一份英文提案，内容包括： （1）你提议的一项具体环保活动（如废旧物品改造、校园植物认养、节能挑战等）； （2）该活动的目的与预期效果； （3）活动的具体实施步骤。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $