Unit 6 7 博览万象 融会中西之文化通览（Word教参）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册（外研版）

本讲义围绕“困难与勇气”主题，构建词汇、语法、语篇一体化学习支架，涵盖高频词汇（如perseverance, diligence）、话题佳句（教材引用与名言）、三篇语篇（鲤鱼跃龙门神话、阿尔及利亚野火应对、《夏洛的网》节选）及语法分析（非谓语、定语从句）和翻译练习，形成从基础积累到综合运用的学习脉络。 该资料亮点在于融合语言能力与文化意识培养，通过鲤鱼跃龙门故事渗透中国文化符号，阿尔及利亚野火案例提升问题分析的思维品质，《夏洛的网》节选增强文学语篇理解。语法支架辅助语言能力提升，文化元素涵养跨文化认知，课中丰富教学素材，课后助力词汇语法复习与语篇回顾，有效查漏补缺。

困难与勇气 【高频词汇】 1．ensure v.　　　　　 确保 2．despite prep. 不管，不顾；尽管 3．crowd v. (想法或观点)涌入 (头脑)；聚集，涌向 4．achievement n. 成就 5．leap v. 跳跃 6．transform v. 使改观，使变形 7．perseverance n. 毅力 8．diligence n. 勤奋 9．enduring adj. 持久的 10．upstream adv. 向上游 11．exclusive adj. 独有的 12．attempt to do sth. 尝试做某事 【话题佳句】 1．(北师大选必四U12)Without the breakthroughs of these pioneers in science and technology, whether lucky or planned, the world as we know it today would be a completely different place. 如果没有这些先驱取得的科技突破，无论这些突破是偶然取得的还是计划之中的，我们今天所了解的世界都将是一个完全不同的地方。 2．Success is not final, and failure is not deadly. It is, you know, the courage to continue that counts in life. 成功不是最终目的，失败也不是致命的。你懂的，重要的是在生活中继续下去的勇气。 According to Chinese mythology, the Dragon's Gate is located at the top of a waterfall rushing down from a legendary mountain. Many carp (鲤鱼) swim upstream 1.against the river's strong current, but few are capable or brave enough for the final leap over the waterfall. If a carp successfully makes the jump, it is transformed into a powerful dragon. A Chinese dragon's large, obvious scales indicate 2.its(it) origin from a carp. The image of a carp 3.jumping(jump) over Dragon's Gate is an old and enduring Chinese cultural symbol for courage, perseverance, and accomplishment. Historically, the dragon was the exclusive symbol of the emperors of China and the five­character expression, Liyu Tiao Long Men, was 4.originally(original) used as a metaphor (隐喻) for a person's success in passing very difficult imperial examinations, 5.required(require) for entry into imperial administrative service. To this day, when a student passes the national university examination in China, friends and family proudly refer to the Liyu Tiao Long Men. More generally, the expression is used to communicate that if a person works hard and diligently, success will one day 6.be_achieved(achieve). On the Yellow River in Henan is a waterfall called the Dragon's Gate. It is said that if certain carp called Yulong can climb the cataract (大瀑布), they will be transformed into dragons. Every year in the 7.third(three) month they swim up from the sea and gather in vast numbers in the pool at the foot of the falls. It used to be said that only seventy­one could make 8.the climb in any year. It was so famous that throughout China there was a common saying that “a student facing his examinations is like a carp attempting 9.to_leap(leap) the Dragon's Gate.” Henan is not the only place where this happens. Many other waterfalls in China also have the name Dragon's Gate and much the same is said about them. Other famous Dragon's Gates are on the Weihe River 10.where it passes through the Longshan Mountains. Without water, how do you fight wildfires? Adapted from Christian Science Monitor Wildfires have become an unwelcome staple of dry Algerian (阿尔及利亚) summers in recent years. Temperature spikes caused by climate change, along with the hot and dry Sirocco wind that blows off the Sahara, human negligence, and sometimes even arson (纵火), have combined to create devastating blazes. Villagers used to fight the flames using whatever tools they had to hand—but buckets of water, twigs, and water hoses were of little use in the face of a big fire. That is why the government made it an urgent priority to improve its firefighting measures, putting an emphasis on new equipment, a change to the law, and greater public awareness. In January, a new law was passed that imposes life imprisonment on those caught deliberately starting forest fires. In April, state­owned Tassili Airlines, said it had added 12 firefighting aircraft to its fleet. That came on top of the 340 new firefighting trucks and 40 water tanker trucks added to the national forest services over the past two years. Specific measures were also taken in Tizi Ouzou, ever vulnerable due to its mountainous terrain and thick forest cover that makes it prone to wildfires but also difficult for firefighters to penetrate when blazes break out. Local officials built a landing pad for heavy­lift helicopters that transport water tanks and watchtowers for the forestry service. Their staff also cut paths through thick forests to make it easier for firefighters. A drone and a high­resolution camera using artificial intelligence were deployed to monitor hot spots, according to Yazid Belkalem, head of the agriculture committee in the People's Provincial Assembly, an elected body that monitors the performance of the local authorities. And the Algerian Red Crescent launched a disaster management unit in Tizi Ouzou—a 45­strong team of doctors, psychologists, and paramedics—to intervene at pace and support the civil defense forces in evacuating the injured. Local committees across Tizi Ouzou can coordinate rescue efforts more efficiently by sharing news on social media and then calling on the unit for its help. 1．staple (熟词生义) n．主要部分 2．spike n．骤升；猛增 3．negligence n．疏忽；过失 4．devastating adj.毁灭性的；极具破坏力的 5．blaze n．大火 6．twig n．小树枝 7．put an emphasis on 强调；重视 8．impose v．推行；强制实行 9．fleet n．舰队 10．come on top of 除……之外 11．vulnerable adj.易受伤害的；脆弱的；易受攻击的 12．terrain n．地形；地带 13．prone to 易于；倾向于 14．penetrate v．进入；渗入 15．a landing pad 起降平台；着陆场 16．resolution (熟词生义) n．分辨率；清晰度 17．deploy v．有效地利用 18．body (熟词生义) n．团体组织 19．intervene v．干预，介入 20．evacuate v．疏散；撤离 答案：1.reasons　2.priority　3.deployed　4.launched In recent years, Algeria's dry summers have seen 1.devastating wildfires from climate change, the hot and dry Sirocco wind, human 2.negligence,_and arson. The government acted with a new law, firefighting trucks and aircraft, AI­powered monitoring, and a Red Crescent unit in Tizi Ouzou for 3.rescue coordination. 1.Temperature spikes caused by climate change, along with the hot and dry Sirocco wind that blows off the Sahara, human negligence, and sometimes even arson, have combined to create devastating blazes. [分析]　句中“caused by climate change”是v.­ed形式作后置定语；that引导定语从句。 [翻译]　由于气候变化引起的温度骤升，加上从撒哈拉沙漠吹来的炎热干燥的西罗科风、人类的疏忽，有时甚至是纵火行为，这些因素共同引发了毁灭性的大火。 2.That is why the government made it an urgent priority to improve its firefighting measures, putting an emphasis on new equipment, a change to the law, and greater public awareness. [分析]　句中why引导表语从句；it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为“to improve ...measures”；“putting an ...public awareness”是v.­ing形式作伴随状语。 [翻译]　这就是为什么政府把改善灭火措施作为紧急要务，强调购置新设备，修订法律以及提高公众意识。 3.Specific measures were also taken in Tizi Ouzou, ever vulnerable due to its mountainous terrain and thick forest cover that makes it prone to wildfires but also difficult for firefighters to penetrate when blazes break out. [分析]　句中“due to ... forest cover”是介词短语作原因状语；that引导定语从句；when引导时间状语从句。 [翻译]　由于多山的地形和茂密的森林覆盖，提济乌祖一直很脆弱，这也使其容易发生野火，并且在火灾发生时消防员也难以进入，因此当地采取了具体措施。 4.A drone and a highresolution camera using artificial intelligence were deployed to monitor hot spots, according to Yazid Belkalem, head of the agriculture committee in the People's Provincial Assembly, an elected body that monitors the performance of the local authorities. [分析]　句中“using artificial intelligence”是v.­ing形式作后置定语；“head of...Assembly”为Yazid Belkalem的同位语；“an elected body...authorities”为People's Provincial Assembly的同位语；that引导定语从句。 [翻译]　据监督地方政府表现的民选机构——人民省级议会农业委员会的负责人雅西德·贝克卡莱姆称，一架无人机和一个使用人工智能的高分辨率摄像头被部署于监测热点区域。 Escape Excerpt from Charlotte's Web 在朱克曼家的谷仓里，小猪威尔伯和蜘蛛夏洛建立了真挚的友谊。柔弱的夏洛付出了生命的代价拯救了威尔伯，而威尔伯带着感恩的心抚养了夏洛的孩子。 “How does it feel to be free? ” asked the goose. “I like it，” said Wilbur. “That is, I guess I like it.” Actually, Wilbur felt queer① to be outside his fence, with nothing between him and the big world②. “Where do you think I'd better go？” “Anywhere you like, anywhere you like，” said the goose. “Go down through the orchard (果园), root up③ the sod (草皮)! Go down through the garden, dig up the radishes (萝卜)! Root up everything! Eat grass! Look for corn! Look for oats④！ Run all over! Skip⑤ and dance, jump and prance (腾跃)! Go down through the orchard and stroll (漫步) in the woods! The world is a wonderful place when you're young.” “I can see that，” replied Wilbur. He gave a jump⑥ in the air⑦， twirled⑧， ran a few steps, stopped, looked all around, sniffed the smells of afternoon, and then set off⑨ walking down through the orchard. Pausing⑩ in the shade⑪ of an apple tree, he put his strong snout (鼻子) into the ground and began pushing, digging, and rooting. He felt very happy. He had plowed up⑫ quite a piece of ground before anyone noticed him. Mrs. Zuckerman was the first to see him. She saw him from the kitchen window, and she immediately shouted⑬ for the men. “Ho­mer！” she cried. “Pig's out! Lurvy! Pig's out! Homer! Lurvy! Pig's out. He's down there under that apple tree.” “Now the trouble starts，” thought Wilbur. “Now I'll catch it.” The goose heard the racket (吵闹声) and she, too, started hollering (喊叫). “Run—run—run downhill, make for the woods, the woods！” she shouted to Wilbur. “They'll never—never—never catch you in the woods.” The cocker spaniel (可卡犬) heard the commotion (喧闹) and he ran out from⑭ the barn to join the chase⑮. Mr. Zuckerman heard, and he came out of the machine shed where⑯ he was mending⑰ a tool. Lurvy, the hired⑱ man, heard the noise and came up from the asparagus (芦笋) patch⑲ where he was pulling weeds⑳. Everybody walked toward Wilbur and Wilbur didn't know what to do. The woods seemed a long way off, and anyway, he had never been down there in the woods and wasn't sure he would like it. “Get around behind him, Lurvy，” said Mr. Zuckerman, “and drive him toward the barn! And take it easy—don't rush him! I'll go and get a bucket㉑ of slops (泔水).” The news of Wilbur's escape spread㉒ rapidly㉓ among the animals on the place. Whenever㉔ any creature㉕ broke loose㉖ on Zuckerman's farm, the event was of great interest㉗ to the others. The goose shouted to the nearest cow that Wilbur was free, and soon all the cows knew. Then one of the cows told one of the sheep, and soon all the sheep knew. The lambs㉘ learned about it from their mothers. The horses, in their stalls in the barn, pricked up their ears㉙ when they heard the goose hollering; and soon the horses had caught on to㉚ what㉛ was happening. “Wilbur's out，” they said. Every animal stirred and lifted its head and became excited to know that one of his friends had got free and was no longer penned up (圈养) or tied fast㉜. Wilbur didn't know what to do or which way to run. It seemed as though everybody was after him. “If this is what it's like to be free，” he thought, “I believe I'd rather be penned up in my own yard.” ①queer adj.奇怪的 ②此处为with复合结构。 ③root up 铲除 ④oat n．燕麦 ⑤skip v．跳跃 ⑥give a jump 跳了一下 ⑦in the air在空中 ⑧twirl v．旋转 ⑨set off 动身，出发 ⑩pause v．暂停 ⑪shade n．(树)荫 ⑫plow up 犁起；深翻 ⑬shout v．呼喊 ⑭run out from... 从……中跑出来 ⑮chase n．追逐 ⑯此处为where引导定语从句。 ⑰mend v．修理 ⑱此处为v.­ed形式作定语。 ⑲patch [熟词生义] n. 一块地 ⑳pull weeds 拔草 ㉑bucket n．桶 ㉒spread v．传播 ㉓rapidly adv.飞快地 ㉔此处为whenever引导时间状语从句。 ㉕creature n．生物；动物 ㉖break loose挣脱 ㉗此处为“be of＋抽象名词”结构。 ㉘lamb n．羊羔 ㉙prick up one's ears 竖起耳朵 ㉚catch on to 理解 ㉛此处为what引导宾语从句。 ㉜fast [熟词生义] adv.紧紧地 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $