Unit 6 2 Period 2 Using language（Word教参）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册（外研版）

本讲义聚焦英语“省略”这一核心语法点，系统梳理词法省略（含介词、替代性、不定式省略）和句法省略（含简单句、并列句、复合句省略），通过教材实例构建从词到句的递进学习支架，帮助学生掌握不同语境下的省略规则。 该资料以教材例句为依托，在真实语境中解析省略现象，助力学生提升语言运用的准确性与灵活性（语言能力）。通过分类对比与归纳，培养学生分析和解决语法问题的思维品质，配套练习与写作应用则强化学习能力，课中便于教师高效讲解，课后助力学生查漏补缺，巩固语法知识。

Period 2　Using language 省　略 一、词法上的省略 (1)(北师大必修二U5)The next to go was Captain Oates, who was having great difficulty (in) walking. 下一个去世的是奥茨上校，他走路非常吃力。 (2)(北师大必修二U6)He fell into a depression, which lasted (for) many months. 他陷入了持续数月的抑郁状态。 (3)He did not stay for more than ten minutes. 他待了不超过十分钟。 (4)He speaks English more fluently than you do.　他说英语比你更流利。 (5)—Can you finish your work today? ——你今天能完成工作吗？ —I think so./I think not.(＝I don't think so.) ——我认为能。/我认为不能。 (6)—I don't think I can walk any further. ——我认为我不能再走了。 —Neither can I. Let's stop here for a rest. ——我也不能了。我们在这儿停下来休息一下吧。 (7)I asked him to see the film，but he didn't want to (see the film). 我叫他看电影，但是他不想看。 (8)I'm very sorry to have hurt you, but I didn't mean to. 非常对不起，我伤害了你，可我不是故意的。 (9)He wishes to go to college and (to) receive higher education.(并列) 他想上大学，接受更高等的教育。 (10)He believes it important to study rather than to make friends.(比较) 他认为重要的是学习而不是交朋友。 (11)(译林必修一U2)Unfortunately, your parents do not always agree and that makes you feel unhappy. 不幸的是，你的父母并不总是认同，这让你感到不高兴。 (12)We often hear her sing an English song in the classroom. →She is often heard to sing an English song in the classroom.(被动) 我们经常听见她在教室里唱英文歌。 (13)All he could do was nothing but wait and see. 他所能做的只有观望。 (14)—Will you join the game? ——你愿意参加这个游戏吗？ —I'd be glad to. ——我愿意。 1．介词的省略 (1) 一些与动词、名词或形容词搭配的介词常常可以省略，而保留介词后的动名词。常见的结构有： ①stop/prevent sb. (from) doing sth. ②spend some time (in) doing sth. ③have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth. ④be busy (in) doing sth. (2) 表示一段时间或方式的短语中的for、in、by、at 等常常省略；但是for在否定句中或引导的介词短语位于句首强调持续时间时，一般不可省略。 2．替代性省略 在某些情况下，当省略某个词、词组或句子时，还需要某个替代词。 (1)省略的动词或动词加其他成分可以用do来替代。 (2)在believe、expect、suppose、think之后，表示同意前面说过的话时可用so代替单词(形容词、副词)、词组或句子；表示对前面说过的话加以否定时，可用not替代。 (3)“So/Neither(Nor)＋谓语/助动词＋主语”这一句型来替代前面提到的情况，表明它也适用于后者。 3．不定式的省略 (1) 有些动词(短语)，如 want、wish、expect、hope、would like、try、forget、mean等后面的动词不定式作宾语时，为了避免重复，动词不定式符号to后面的内容常常被省略，如果动词不定式中含有be或完成式，通常保留be或have。 (2) 并列的不定式可以省略后面的不定式符号to；但若两个不定式之间存在比较关系时，则不能省略to。 (3)不定式作感官动词(短语)see、look at、hear、listen to、watch 等和使役动词make、let、have等的宾语补足语时，主动语态省略to，被动语态保留to。 (4)作介词 but、except、besides的宾语，且前面又有实义动词 do的任何形式时，后面的动词不定式常省略to。 (5) 某些形容词如pleased、glad、happy等后面的动词不定式常省略 to 后面的内容，但to要保留。 二、句法上的省略 (1)How awful (it was) to be discovered by her, Claire thought. 克莱尔想，被她发现了，这可真糟糕。 (2)Tom picked up a comic on the floor and (Tom) handed it to his teacher.　汤姆在地板上捡起了一本连环画杂志并把它交给了他的老师。 (3)My muscles were aching and my knees (were) shaking as we dragged ourselves down the mountain towards home. 　当我们费力地走下山回家时，我的肌肉酸痛，膝盖发抖。 (4)(译林必修一U3)Friends should be carefully chosen and relationships (should be) carefully developed. 选择朋友须谨慎，经营友情须用心。 (5)His claim made me happy，but (his claim made) Jim angry. 他的断言使我高兴，却使吉姆生气。 (6)He has a knowledge of china but his friend doesn't (have a knowledge of china). 他具备瓷器知识，但他的朋友不具备。 (7)(译林必修二U2)To prevent soft tissue injury，make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when (you are) exercising. 为避免软组织损伤，锻炼时你要确保穿合适的衣服，戴合适的装备。 (8)(人教必修一U3)I made a list of the things (that) I liked about myself. 我把对自己满意的地方罗列出来。 (9)(译林必修一U2)Whatever happened, we always knew (that) we still had the Bank to depend upon. 无论发生什么事，我们总是知道我们还有“银行”可以依靠。 (10)They suggested he (should) eat more slowly and take smaller bites before they left. 离开前，他们建议他吃饭要细嚼慢咽，小口进食。 1．简单句中的省略 (1)感叹句中常常省略主语和谓语。 (2)在口语中，某些句子成分可以省略。 2．并列句中的省略 (1)省略共同的主语或宾语。 (2)若主语不同，而谓语部分的系动词、助动词或情态动词相同，则省略后面的系动词、助动词或情态动词。 (3)若主语和谓语动词都相同，则省略后面的主谓成分。 (4)若主语不同，但主要动词及后续部分相同，则省略主要动词及后续部分。 3．复合句中的省略 (1)在when、while、if、unless、as if/as though、as等引导的状语从句中，若从句中的主语和主句的主语一致，或状语从句中的主语是it，并且又含有be动词时，常可省略从句中的主语和be动词。 (2)在限制性定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词that、which、who、whom常可以省略。 (3)引导宾语从句的连词that常可以省略；及物动词后接多个宾语从句时，第一个宾语从句中的that可以省略，其他宾语从句中的that不能省略。 (4) 在与suggest、request、order、advise等相关的名词性从句中，从句谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”的形式，should可省略。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if necessary. 2．(译林必修二U1)Director James Cameron spent six months looking(look) at and revising plans of the Titanic in order to build a full­sized model for his 1997 film. 3．(译林必修一U4)She has not eaten breakfast for the last few months. She told me she had trouble concentrating(concentrate) in class. 4．Because he was heard to_play(play) the piano, he was invited to the concert. 5．People should not look down at their mobile phones while driving(drive) cars, which distracts them from traffic conditions. Ⅱ.句型转换(使用省略形式) 1．If it is possible, we will finish it ahead of time. →If_possible,_we will finish it ahead of time. 2．One side of the board should be painted blue, and the other side of the board should be painted yellow. →One side of the board should be painted blue, and_the_other_yellow． 3．When I was cooking in the kitchen, I heard the doorbell ring, wondering who could be visiting at such an unexpected time. →When_cooking_in_the_kitchen,_I heard the doorbell ring, wondering who could be visiting at such an unexpected time. 4．Only some of the rescue volunteers have done a first aid course but most of the rescue volunteers haven't done a first aid course. →Only some of the rescue volunteers have done a first aid course but most_haven't． 5．While I was in Beijing, I paid a visit to the Summer Palace, where I was amazed at the beautiful gardens and historic buildings. →While_in_Beijing,_I paid a visit to the Summer Palace, where I was amazed at the beautiful gardens and historic buildings. Ⅲ.语法与写作(使用省略形式) 1．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ读后续写)听到他的话，我感到无比兴奋和自豪，目瞪口呆地站在那里，我的脚好像扎根在地上，一动不动。 Dominated by an overwhelming sense of excitement and pride at his words, I simply stood there dumbfounded, and my feet, as_if_rooted_to_the_ground,_couldn't move a bit. 2．亨利通过期末考试的可能性很小，但他仍希望通过。 Henry is less likely to pass the end­of­term exam, but he_still_hopes_to． 3．那个男孩想在大街上骑自行车，但他的妈妈告诉他不可以。 The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his_mother_told_him_not_to. 4．他说这篇课文非常重要，我们应该把它背下来。 He_said_the_text_was_very_important and that we should learn it by heart. 5．公园里有很多餐厅，有适合每个人口味的美食——你甚至可以边吃边看鱼游过。 The park has plenty of restaurants with tasty food for every appetite—you can even eat while_watching_the_fish_swim_by． 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $