Unit 3 The world of science 教材助读（课件PPT）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册（外研版）

该高中英语课件围绕“科学世界”主题，涵盖发明新时代与富兰克林实验两大模块，包含词汇积累、对话阅读、语法解析及文化采风，通过对话导入与文化知识铺垫，构建从词汇学习到语篇理解再到语法应用的学习支架。 其亮点在于融合语言能力培养（如熟词生义“part”表器官、虚拟语气解析）、文化意识渗透（VR与可穿戴技术介绍）及思维品质提升（富兰克林实验真实性辨析），采用“词汇-阅读-语法-文化”递进式教学，助力学生提升语言运用能力与科学探究思维，为教师提供系统教学资源，优化课堂效率。

Unit 3　The world of science 教材原文助读5 1 教材原文助读6 2 内 容 索 引 教材原文助读5 PART 01 第一部分 ①a new age for inventions一个发明的新时代 ②over adj.结束的 be over＝come to an end结束 ③golden ages(尤指过去的)黄金时代；鼎盛时期 ④throughout history纵观历史 throughout the world遍及全世界 返回导航 ⑤the steam engine蒸汽机 ⑥tech-based adj.以科技为基础的 ⑦advance [əd'vɑːns] n. [C，U] 进步；进展 ⑧virtual reality虚拟现实 virtual ['vɜːtʃuəl] adj.虚拟的，模拟的 ⑨wearable tech可穿戴技术 ⑩flexible ['fleksIb(ə)l] adj.易弯曲的，柔韧的 返回导航 ⑪battery ['bæt(ə)ri] n．电池 ⑫in addition除此之外，另外 ⑬thanks to由于；幸亏 ⑭be used to do sth.被用来做某事 be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 返回导航 ⑮replacement [rI'pleIsmənt] n．[U]替换，更换； [C] 替代品；替换物 replace vt.替换；代替；取代 replace A with/by B 用B替换/代替A 返回导航 ⑯part n．[熟词生义] [C]器官；部位；组成部分 the parts of the body身体各部位 ⑰in terms of 从……方面来讲；依照……；就……而言 ⑱capable ['keIpəb(ə)l] adj.有能力的　 be capable of doing sth.有能力做某事 ⑲compute [kəm'pjuːt] v．计算 ⑳solar technology太阳能技术 返回导航 ㉑eco-friendly adj.环保的， 对环境无害的 ㉒stuff [stʌf] n．东西，物品 ㉓inspire sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事 inspiration n．[U] 灵感 ㉔no doubt无疑；很可能 ㉕reduced energy supplies缩减的能源供应 返回导航 ㉖new energy vehicles新能源汽车 vehicle ['viːəkl] n．[C]交通工具；车辆 ㉗incredible [In'kredəbl] adj.难以置信的；极好的 ㉘desire [dI'zaIə] n．渴望，欲望 ㉙a time machine时间机器 ㉚at the moment目前；此刻 ㉛never say never别轻易说决不 返回导航 [文化采风] 1．虚拟现实(virtual reality，简称VR)是近年来出现的图形图像领域的高新技术。虚拟现实利用电脑模拟营造一个三维空间的虚拟世界，给使用者提供关于视觉、听觉、触觉等感官的模拟，让使用者身临其境观察三维空间内的事物。 2．可穿戴技术(wearable technology)是20世纪60年代由美国麻省理工学院媒体实验室提出的一项创新技术。利用该技术可以把多媒体设备、传感器和无线通信设备等嵌入人们的衣着中，可支持手势操作和眼动操作等多种交互方式。 返回导航 The New Age of Invention Interviewer: Good evening, and welcome to Between the Pages. This evening, [1]I'll be talking to Dr Richard Fairhurst, whose new book The New Age of Invention has just been published. Welcome, Richard! [1]此处“I'll be talking to Dr Richard Fairhurst”为将来进行时，表示将来某时正在进行的或持续的动作；“whose...published”为whose引导的非限制性定语从句，whose在从句中作定语。 返回导航 Richard: Thank you. [2]It's a pleasure to be here. [2]本句中It作形式主语，动词不定式短语to be here作真正的主语。 返回导航 Interviewer: I guess [3]you have been asked about the title of your book before. It suggests that the present day is a new age for inventions①， but many people might think that the great age of invention is over②． [3]此处为省略that的宾语从句，从句的谓语部分使用了现在完成时的被动语态。 返回导航 Richard：Well, that's an interesting point. [4]There have been golden ages③ of invention throughout history④. Think of the four great inventions in Ancient China: gunpowder, papermaking, printing and the compass. These things changed the world forever. Then there were the great Western inventions: the steam engine⑤， the telephone and the radio. And now, we [5]find ourselves in the great new age of technology． [4]本句为there be句型的现在完成时态。 [5]此处为“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。 返回导航 Interviewer: So are most of the new great inventions tech-based⑥？ Richard: A lot, yes. For example, advances⑦ in virtual reality⑧ and wearable tech⑨， as well as the flexible⑩ battery⑪， mean we should soon be seeing further developments. In addition⑫， important advances have been made in medicine and environmental science thanks to⑬ increasing computer power. 返回导航 Interviewer: Can you give us some examples? Richard: Sure. New inventions like 3D printers have been used to⑭ make replacement⑮ hearts and bone parts⑯. In terms of⑰ the environment, it is now possible to create an intelligent walking house. It is capable⑱ of using GPS technology to travel to different places, [6]with computing⑲ technology controlling its “legs”. What's more, huge advances in solar technology⑳ mean it can be eco-friendly㉑， too. [6]此处为with复合结构，其中computing technology与control之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作宾语补足语。 返回导航 Interviewer: Impressive stuff㉒！ I've also been told that you're an inventor yourself. Is that correct? Richard: Yes, I am, but I'm only one member of a big team—most inventors now work as part of big international teams. Interviewer: I see. [7]So what is it that inspires us to㉓ invent things? [7]本句为强调句型的特殊疑问句。 返回导航 Richard：Most inventions start with recognising a problem that needs a solution. This was no doubt㉔ the reason behind the invention of the wheel in ancient times, [8]which much later developed into the car. Now, reduced energy supplies㉕ and environmental pollution have led to more advances in the technology of new energy vehicles㉖. But [9]what remains important is that we have an incredible㉗ desire㉘ to think and create, and that's the real spirit of invention. [8]此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the wheel，which在从句中作主语。 [9]此处what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语；“that we have...create”是that引导的表语从句。 返回导航 Interviewer: One last question. This is the one everyone really wants to know: will anybody ever invent a time machine㉙？ Richard: [10]I think you've been watching too many movies! Nothing like this has been invented yet and I'd say we're a long way from an invention like that at the moment㉚！ But, [11]as they say, “Never say never㉛！” [10]本句时态为现在完成进行时，表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作。 [11]此处为as引导的非限制性定语从句，as意为“正如、就像”。 返回导航 发明的新时代 采访者：晚上好！欢迎来到《字里行间》节目。今晚，我将与理查德·费尔赫斯特博士对话，他的新书《发明的新时代》刚刚出版。欢迎您，理查德博士！ 理查德：谢谢。很高兴来到这里。 采访者：我猜之前已经有人跟您提过关于书名的问题了。这表明当今是一个发明的新时代，但许多人可能认为发明的伟大时代已经结束了。 返回导航 理查德：嗯，那是一个有趣的观点。纵观历史，(我们)曾有过发明的黄金时代。想想中国古代的四大发明：火药、造纸术、印刷术和指南针。这些发明给世界带来了永久性的改变。后来，还有西方的伟大发明：蒸汽机、电话和收音机。现在，我们发现自己生活在伟大的技术新时代。 返回导航 采访者：所以说，大部分新的伟大发明都是以科技为基础的吗？ 理查德：是的，很多都是。比如说，虚拟现实、可穿戴技术以及柔性电池的发展意味着我们应该很快就能看到进一步的发展。除此之外，由于计算机功能不断提升，医学与环境科学也取得了重要进展。 返回导航 采访者：您能给我们举一些例子吗？ 理查德：当然可以。新的发明，如三维打印机已经用于制作心脏和骨骼部位的替代品。从环境方面来讲，构建移动智能房屋已不再是空想。利用计算技术控制它的“腿”，它就能够运用GPS技术前往不同的地方。此外，太阳能技术的巨大进步也意味着它可以很环保。 返回导航 采访者：真是太令人惊叹了！也有人告诉我，您本身是一位发明家，对吗？ 理查德：对的，但我只是一个庞大团队中的一员，大多数发明家现在都作为大型国际团队的一员进行工作。 采访者：我明白了。那么，到底是什么激励我们去发明呢？ 返回导航 理查德：大多数发明始于意识到一个需要找到解决方案的问题。这无疑是古代人们发明车轮的原因，后来由此发展成为汽车。现在，缩减的能源供应和环境污染促进了新能源汽车技术的更多进步。但重要的是，我们有一种强烈的欲望去思考和创造，那就是真正的发明精神。 采访者：最后一个问题。所有人都很想知道：会有人发明出时间机器吗？ 返回导航 理查德：我认为你看了太多的电影了！这样的机器还没能发明出来，要我说，目前要发明出像时间机器这样的东西还有很长的路(要走)！不过，常言道：“别轻易说决不！” 返回导航 教材原文助读6 PART 02 第二部分 ①experiment [Ik'sperImənt] n．(科学)实验 vi.做实验 ②lightning ['laItnIŋ] n.闪电 a flash of lightning一道闪电 ③introduce vt.[熟词生义]使初次了解；使尝试 introduce sb. to sth.使某人初次了解某事/物 返回导航 ④fiction ['fIkʃ(ə)n] n. [C，U] 虚构的事，想象的事；[U] 小说 ⑤fly a kite放风筝 ⑥tie...to...将……系在……上 ⑦metal ['metl] n．[C，U]金属 ⑧attach [ə'tætʃ] v．系，绑；贴 ⑨conduct [kən'dʌkt] v. 传导(热、电)；实施，进行 返回导航 ⑩an electric shock触电；电击 ⑪be amazed by/at...对……感到惊奇 ⑫bravery ['breIvəri] n．[U] 勇敢；勇气 brave adj.勇敢的；无畏的　 ⑬scientific [ˌsaIən'tIfIk] adj.科学(上)的 a scientific approach一种科学方法 ⑭approach to (doing) sth.(做)某事的方法　 返回导航 ⑮along with...与……一起 ⑯establish the truth证实真相 establish [I'stæblIʃ] vt.[熟词生义] 证实；确定 ⑰contribute [kən'trIbjuːt] vt.促成，造成(常与to搭配)　 ⑱entirely [In'taIəli] adv.完全地，彻底地 ⑲take place发生(指按计划发生的事，不用于被动语态)；举行 ⑳die from...死于…… ㉑accepted ideas被人接受的观点 返回导航 ㉒come up with提出，想出 (解决方案等)，相当于put forward　 ㉓gravity ['ɡrævIti] n．[U] 重力，引力 ㉔account [ə'kaʊnt] n．[C] 记述，描述 返回导航 ㉕proof [pruːf] n．[U，C] 证明，证据 proof of...……的证明 There is no proof that...没有证据表明…… ㉖admittedly [əd'mItIdli] adv.(尤用于句首)诚然；无可否认 ㉗spirit of scientific exploration 科学探索精神 返回导航 [人物小传] 本杰明·富兰克林(Benjamin Franklin, 1706～1790)，美国政治家、科学家，同时也是出版商、印刷商、作家，更是杰出的外交家及发明家。他是美国独立战争时期重要的领导人之一，参与了多项重要文件的草拟，并出任过美国驻法国大使，成功促成法国支持美国独立。本杰明·富兰克林曾经进行过多项关于电的实验，并发明了避雷针，还最早提出电荷守恒定律。法国经济学家杜尔哥对其高度评价道：“他从苍天那里取得了雷电，从暴君那里取得了民权。” 返回导航 FRANKLIN'S EXPERIMENT①： How Much Is True? Benjamin Franklin's famous experiment with lightning② has introduced③ generations of children to science. However, [1]new research suggests that the story may be fiction④ instead of fact． [1]此处为that引导的宾语从句，suggest在此意为“表明、暗示”，从句使用陈述语气。 返回导航 The well-known story is [2]that the American Founding Father and scientist flew a kite⑤ during a storm in 1752. At that time, there was much interest in electricity. People wanted to know if lightning was really produced by electricity or something else. Franklin was one of them. He raised the kite [3]with a piece of string tied to⑥ it. A metal⑦ key was attached⑧ to the string. A flash of lightning hit the kite, and electricity was conducted⑨ through the string to the key. Franklin then touched the key with his finger and got an electric shock⑩. This, he said, proved that lightning was a form of electricity. [2]此处为that引导的表语从句。 [3]此处为with复合结构，其中a piece of string与tie之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。 返回导航 For many years, schools have taught the story of Franklin's lightning experiment. [4]More than one generation of schoolchildren has been amazed by⑪ his bravery⑫ and his scientific⑬ approach to looking⑭ for the truth. Franklin, along with⑮ many other scientists, has inspired us and taught us that scientific experiments are important in order to establish the truth⑯ and to contribute⑰ towards later scientific discoveries and inventions. [4]此处为“more than one＋可数名词单数”结构，意为“不止一个……”，其作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 返回导航 However, [5]neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely⑱ true. [6]Although it has been proved that Franklin's experiment took place⑲， more than one scientist has questioned what really happened. The detail about the string and the key is true. But scientists all agree that [7]if Franklin had actually touched the key, he would certainly have died from⑳ the electric shock． [5]此处为“neither...nor...”结构，意为“既不……，也不……”，连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数遵循“就近一致”原则。 [6]本句中Although引导让步状语从句；“what really happened”为what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作主语。 [7]此处为if虚拟条件句，表示与过去事实相反的情况。 返回导航 Scientists often question accepted ideas㉑ because they want to establish the facts. Some have even questioned the story about the apple that fell on Newton's head and led him to come up with㉒ his theory of gravity㉓. [8]In fact, more than one account㉔ suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple, there is no proof㉕ that it hit him on the head. [8]本句中“that while...head”为that引导的宾语从句，该从句中while引导让步状语从句，“that it hit him on the head”为that引导的同位语从句，解释说明proof的内容。 返回导航 Admittedly㉖， fiction is often more interesting than the truth. People have been more inspired by Franklin's spirit of scientific exploration㉗ than by the facts themselves. But in science, facts should be proved by experiments and research, and we [9]should not always believe everything we read or hear—[10]even if it is a great story．　 [9]此处为部分否定。 [10]此处为even if引导的让步状语从句。 返回导航 富兰克林的实验： 有多少是真的？ 本杰明·富兰克林有关闪电的著名实验使几代儿童初次了解了科学。然而，新的研究表明，这一故事可能只是杜撰的，而非事实。 返回导航 这位美国开国元勋兼科学家在1752年的一场暴风雨中放风筝的故事可谓家喻户晓。在那时，人们对电的兴趣浓厚，想知道闪电是否真的由电或其他东西产生。富兰克林就是其中之一。他在风筝上系了一根绳子，然后将其放飞。绳子上绑着一把金属钥匙。一道闪电击中了风筝，电通过绳子传导至钥匙上。随后富兰克林用手指触摸钥匙，遭到了电击。他说，这证明闪电是电的一种形式。 返回导航 很多年以来，学校都会讲授富兰克林的闪电实验。他的勇敢和寻求真理的科学方法使几代学生惊叹不已。富兰克林与许多其他科学家一起激励了我们，并教会我们无论是为了证实真相，还是为了促成日后的科学发现和发明，科学实验非常重要。 然而，这个故事以及实验的细节都不完全真实。尽管有人证明富兰克林的实验发生了，但不止一名科学家对其真实情况提出过质疑。绳子和钥匙相关的细节是真的。但是科学家们一致认为，如果富兰克林真的触摸了钥匙，他肯定会因触电而身亡。 返回导航 科学家经常会质疑已被人接受的观点，因为他们想要证实真相。一些科学家甚至质疑过牛顿的故事：一个苹果掉落在牛顿的头上，促使他提出了万有引力定律。事实上，不止一种说法表明，虽然牛顿确实受到了掉落的苹果的启发，但没有证据表明这个苹果砸在了他的头上。 返回导航 无可否认，虚构的故事往往比事实更加有趣。人们从富兰克林的科学探索精神受到的启发远胜于事实本身。但是，在科学领域，事实应通过实验和研究证明，我们不应该总是相信我们读到或听到的任何事情——即使那是一个了不起的故事。 返回导航 $