Unit 4 1 Period 2 Reading and Thinking课后巩固 多维提能（Word练习）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册（人教版）

[基础知识巩固练] 维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换 1.He imagined all sorts of exciting things about living independently(independent) and teaching in a village. 2．The government's action shows its determination (determine) to control the situation. 3．These intelligent scientists have the intelligence to create the newest equipment.(intelligence) 4．The secretary admitted that the mayor was mentally unhealthy and he was suffering from some mental illnesses.(mental) 5．Scientists argued with each other about the universal question—how the universe was created.(universe) 6．He is successful(succeed) in earning a living by writing science fiction. 7．The phone's lightweight design is particularly desirable (desire) to frequent travelers. 8．The campaign of “building a green campus”has_been_launched(launch) in our school recently. 维度二　固定用法和搭配 1．I was disappointed to_find(find) that I hadn't completed the important mission. 2．She was the first woman astronaut to_give(give) a video lecture in space while orbiting in the capsule. 3．Determined to_give(give) his mother a surprise, Tom arrived home ahead of time. 4．Although she had some health problems, she carried on working(work) hard late into the night. 5．We have a strong desire for the chance to go abroad for further study. 6．Write home as often as possible so as to_relieve(relieve) your mother from anxiety. 7．She became curious about traditional Chinese medicine after watching a documentary. 8．Online courses enable students to_learn (learn) new skills flexibly. 维度三　完成句子/一句多译 1．北京已经成为第一个既举办过夏季奥运会又举办过冬季奥运会的城市。(the＋序数词＋名词＋to do sth.) Beijing has become the_first_city_to_host both Summer and Winter Olympic Games. 2．尽管旅游能够拓宽你的视野，但是我认为在这方面花费太多的时间和金钱不是一个好主意。(while引导让步状语从句) While_travelling_can_broaden_your_horizons,_I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time and money on it. 3．给我印象最深的是，她不仅勇敢地面对困难，而且自愿向有需要的人伸出援手。[not only...but (also)...] What impressed me most was that not_only_did_she_bravely_face_the_difficulties,_but_she_also_willingly_offered_a_helping_hand to those in need. 4．为了上课不迟到，我们最好快点。 (1)We had better hurry up in_order/so_as_not_to_be_late_for_class． (2)We had better hurry up in_order_that/so_that_we_won't_be_late_for_class． 5．他如此努力学习的原因是他想进入理想的大学。 (1)He works so hard.That's_because_he_wants_to_go_to_his_ideal_college. (2)He wants to go to his ideal college.That's_why_he_works_so_hard. (3)The_reason_why_he_works_so_hard_is_that he wants to go to his ideal college. 维度四　融合教材·主题探究 【改编自外研必修三U3】 Benjamin Franklin's famous experiment with lightning has introduced generations of children to science. However, new research suggests that the story may be fiction instead of fact. At that time, there was much interest in electricity. People wanted to know if lightning was really produced by electricity or something else. Franklin was one of them. He raised the kite with a piece of string tied to it. A metal key was attached to the string. A flash of lightning hit the kite, and electricity was conducted through the string to the key. Franklin then touched the key with his finger and got an electric shock. This, he said, proved that lightning was a form of electricity. For many years, schools have taught the story of Franklin's lightning experiment. More than one generation of schoolchildren has been amazed by his bravery and his scientific approach to looking for the truth. Franklin, along with many other scientists, has inspired us and taught us that scientific experiments are important in order to establish the truth and to contribute towards later scientific discoveries and inventions. However, neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely true. Although it has been proved that Franklin's experiment took place, more than one scientist has questioned what really happened. The detail about the string and the key is true. But scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually touched the key, he would certainly have died from the electric shock. Admittedly, fiction is often more interesting than the truth. People have been more inspired by Franklin's spirit of scientific exploration than by the facts themselves. But in science, facts should be proved by experiments and research, and we should not always believe everything we read or hear—even if it is a great story. 1．What is paragraph 2 mainly about？(　　) A．The role of the metal key. B．Franklin's opinion about science. C．People's different opinions on lightning. D．The purpose and process of Franklin's experiment. 答案：D 2．If Franklin had actually touched the key, what would have happened according to the passage? (　　) A．Franklin would have more new inventions. B．Franklin would have been elected president. C.Franklin would have died from the electric shock. D．Franklin would have come up with the theory of gravity. 答案：C 3．Which of the following statements is NOT the effect of Franklin's experiment？(　　) A.He has set a good example in scientific discoveries and inventions. B．In order to seek truth, scientists should make dangerous experiments. C．It has taught us that scientific experiments play an important part in establishing the truth. D．Many schoolchildren have been amazed by his bravery and his scientific approach to looking for truth. 答案：B 4．What can we infer from the last two paragraphs？(　　) A．People tend to believe in truth instead of the interesting fiction. B．Scientists don't think Franklin really touched the key during the experiment. C．Franklin's experiment was never questioned. D．People have been more inspired by the facts themselves than Franklin's spirit of scientific exploration.　 答案：B [综合能力提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·临沂期末)On 22 January 2022, the British­Belgian 19­year­old, Rutherford, successfully landed her microlight aircraft back at the airport, from where she had departed 155 days ago, fulfilling her dream to be the youngest woman to fly around the world solo. “I feel incitant not only to break the Guinness World Record, but also to narrow the gender gap by 11 years between the current youngest man record holder，18 at the time of his record, and the previous woman record holder，who was 30 when she completed her ‘Dreams Soar’ around­the­world flight.” Rutherford wrote on her blog.Rutherford's journey crossing five continents and 52 countries began on 18 August 2021.She met many unexpected delays along the way.They included an unscheduled stop in California, due to the fierce wildfires and a stop in Alaska, to renew her visa.She also faced several challenges in the air.Despite the severe difficulties, the determined young pilot never gave up on her dream. Rutherford grew up around airplanes.Her British father flies commercially, while her Belgian mother is also a pilot.The young girl began learning how to fly at age 14 and got her flight license in 2020.With her goal of flying around the world completed, Rutherford now has her sights set even higher.She wants to become an astronaut and explore space. She hopes that her journey will encourage more young women to pursue careers in flight.Currently the number of women pilots is just 5 percent.Rutherford says，“It's an easy thing to say, but just go for it.If you don't try and see how high you can fly, then you'll never know.” 【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。19岁的比利时裔英国人卢瑟福成功实现了成为独自环球飞行的最年轻女性的梦想。她的故事激励着更多的人树立远大目标，克服困难，努力奋斗去实现自己伟大的梦想。 1．What does the underlined word “incitant” in paragraph 2 probably mean？(　　) A．Unhappy.　　　　　 B．Excited. C．Surprised. D．Frightened. B　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，卢瑟福完成了独自环球飞行，打破了吉尼斯世界纪录，实现了自己的梦想。由此可推知，画线词意为“激动的、兴奋的”。 2．Why did Rutherford have to stop in California? (　　) A．The wildfires were too fierce. B．Her visa was due. C．The weather was too severe. D．Her engine broke down. A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They included an unscheduled stop in California, due to the fierce wildfires”可知，因为野火太猛烈，卢瑟福不得不在加利福尼亚停留。 3．What's the purpose of paragraph 3? (　　) A．To turn to a new topic. B．To state her admirable talents. C.To summarize her achievements. D．To add some background information. D　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Rutherford grew up around airplanes...got her flight license in 2020.”可知，本段的目的是增加一些背景信息。 4．What does the passage try to convey? (　　) A．Dream big and aim high. B．Life is not all roses. C．Not to advance is to go back. D．The greatest talkers, the least doers. A　解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段内容可知，卢瑟福的故事激励着更多的人树立远大目标，克服困难，努力奋斗去实现自己伟大的梦想。 B As AI becomes popular，researchers have noticed its influence on the environment.Training an AI system requires huge computing power and electricity，and the resulting CO2 emissions are one way AI affects the environment. But its environmental effect is more than its carbon footprint. Jesse Dodge，a scientist at the Allen Institute，says，“The influence of AI systems is going to be from their applications, not the cost of training them.” David Rolnick，a computer scientist at McGill University，compares AI to a hammer (锤子)：“The main effect of a hammer is what is being hammered，” he says，“not what is in the hammer.” Just like a hammer which can either destroy things or build a house，AI can hurt or help the environment. In 2019，an oil company said it would use a famous technology corporation's app.With the AI technology，it would increase its production and create billions of dollars.This means the corporation's AI is directly contributing to greenhouse gas emissions.This is not the only AI application that could be environmentally harmful.AI behind the ads that jump out on web pages pushes customers to spend more on products like clothes. This in turn causes more emissions through more production and delivery. But on the other side of the coin，there are AI applications that can help deal with environmental problems，such as the destruction caused by hurricanes.One such application is a program started by a U．S.organization.It can recognize buildings damaged and people trapped in natural disasters，reducing danger and saving time for rescuers. AI could be a valuable tool in the fight against climate change—if the AI industry can reduce its harmful climate effects.“Both AI rules and climate rules have roles to play，” Rolnick says.When creating AI rules，he suggests considering its applications，emissions，and other production costs.Further，Dodge adds that those AI professionals should help set up some value systems to limit the technology's use. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人工智能对环境的影响。 5．Where does the effect of AI systems on the environment come from according to Dodge？(　　) A．The popularity of AI. B．The emissions of CO2. C．The way of applying AI. D．The cost of AI training. C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Jesse Dodge, a scientist at the Allen Institute，says，‘The influence...training them.’”可知，根据道奇的说法，人工智能系统对环境的影响来自其应用方式。 6．How does the author develop paragraph 4？(　　) A．By listing numbers. B．By giving an example. C．By comparing facts. D．By explaining details. B　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推知，作者通过举例来展开第四段内容。 7．What can we infer from the last paragraph？(　　) A．Rules for AI can be helpful. B．AI's advance should be limited. C.AI's production costs will be lower. D．AI plays a role in making rules. A　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Both AI rules and climate rules have roles to play”和“Further，Dodge adds...the technology's use.”可推知，为人工智能设立规则可能会有帮助。 8．What is the main idea of the passage？(　　) A.AI applications are environmentally harmful. B.AI affects the environment by CO2 emissions. C.AI is effective in solving environmental problems. D.AI's environmental effect goes beyond its emissions. D　解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中的“But its environmental effect is more than its carbon footprint.”可知，文章主要讲的是人工智能对环境的影响不只在于它的二氧化碳排放。 Ⅱ.完形填空 Around 50 Mars missions have been launched globally so far since 1960.Yet more than half of them have __1__ to reach the planet some 55 million kilometers away from the Earth.So after China's Mars probe，Tianwen 1，was __2__ on July 23，2020，there was an __3__ wait for its progress. The craft landed __4__ on the surface of the planet on May 15，2021.The news met with both __5__ and celebration in the country.The landing was __6__ exactly as planned，which has made China the latest member of the club of the world's pioneering __7__， and shows that China has __8__ the technologies independently. It is the can­do spirit that has played a key role in China's scientific and technological development in recent decades __9__ some failures in exploring outer space. China made its early __10__ in rocket and space technologies starting from the 1960s when the country __11__ largely a backward agricultural country.__12__，the country has made the most of what it had over the past more than six decades，making efforts to move ahead in the aerospace cause. In April 2021, China sent Tianhe into space, __13__ a series of launches that finally completed the building of the space station in 2022. All these achievements have __14__ greatly to the peaceful use of outer space.During its Mars mission, China has worked with European __15__ and other countries and will help push humankind to travel faster and farther in the future. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“天问一号”成功着陆火星是中国太空技术发展的巨大飞跃。 1．A.begun　　　　　　　 B．failed C．attempted D．succeeded B　解析：根据上文“Around 50 Mars missions have been launched globally so far since 1960.”和Yet可知，超过一半的火星任务未能(fail)到达距离地球约5 500万公里的星球。 2．A.transported B．discovered C．launched D．settled C　解析：根据下文“The craft landed ______ on the surface of the planet on May 15，2021.”和常识可知，此处指天问一号的发射(launch)。 3．A.anxious B．aware C．awkward D．amazing A　解析：根据语境可知，在天问一号发射之后，所有人都在焦急地(anxious)等待它的进展情况。 4．A.suddenly B．safely C．calmly D．obviously B　解析：根据下文“The news met with both ______ and celebration in the country.”可知，飞行器在火星表面安全(safely)着陆，举国欢庆。 5．A.protest B．regret C．pity D．relief D　解析：根据上文“The craft landed ______ on the surface of the planet”可知，飞行器安全着陆火星的消息令人宽慰(relief)。 6．A.carried away B．carried off C．carried out D．carried on C　解析：根据下文as planned和语境可知，飞行器安全着陆是按计划实施(carry out)的。 7．A.explorers B．applicants C．officials D．editors A　解析：根据下文in exploring outer space可知，飞行器安全地着陆在火星表面是一次太空探索，中国已然跻身于探索者(explorer)先锋行列。 8．A.borrowed B．selected C．developed D．removed C　解析：根据下文the technologies independently可知，此次火星着陆证明中国已经自主研发(develop)了此类技术。 9．A.without B．beyond C．except D．despite D　解析：根据下文some failures in exploring outer space及语境可知，尽管(despite)太空探索曾遇到失败，但是敢做能为的精神在科技发展过程中发挥了重大作用。 10．A.promises B．impacts C．inventions D．breakthroughs D　解析：根据下文“in rocket and space technologies starting from the 1960s”可知，中国早期在火箭和太空技术方面取得了突破(breakthrough)。 11．A.became B．remained C．ended D．started B　解析：根据上文the 1960s和下文largely a backward agricultural country并结合常识可知，当时中国在很大程度上仍是(remain)一个落后的农业国家。 12．A.Otherwise B．Therefore C．Furthermore D．However D　解析：根据上下文语境可知，前后为转折关系，应用however。 13．A.starting off B．cutting off C．getting off D．putting off A　解析：根据上文“China sent Tianhe into space”和下文a series of launches可知，随着天和核心舱进入太空，中国开始(start off)了一系列建设太空站的发射任务。 14．A.appealed B．contributed C．responded D．belonged B　解析：根据下文“to the peaceful use of outer space”可知，中国的这些成就极大地促进(contribute)了外太空的和平使用。 15．A.neighbours B．friends C．partners D．classmates C　解析：根据上文has worked with可知，在火星任务实施期间，中国已经和欧洲伙伴(partner)及其他国家合作，共同探索太空。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2025·合肥期末)On 20 July 1969，American astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin 1.____________(land) on the moon. Neil and Buzz could only spend two and a half hours on the moon because of the limited supply of oxygen in their tanks. Because Neil was the leader of the task, NASA awarded him the honour of 2.____________(step) onto the moon first. 3．____________(careful) Neil climbed down the ladder.He had given much thought 4.____________ what he'd say.After all, his words 5.____________(hear) all over the world.Neil's message was, “That's one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind.” But as Neil set foot on the moon, four hundred and fifty million people 6.____________(listen) heard him say, “That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.” Possibly Neil forgot the word “a” or else the poor sound from the moon 7.____________(be) responsible for cutting out that one little word.Whatever the exact words, their meaning was clear.8.____________ was indeed a landmark event in the history of the world. Neil controlled a TV camera so viewers on Earth could watch the two men in their space suits walking 9.____________no human beings had ever been before.Wherever they walked they left 10.____________(footprint) in the moon dust.Those footprints are still there today! 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登月的故事。 1．landed　解析：考查动词的时态。根据时间状语On 20 July 1969可知，空处应用一般过去时。 2．stepping　解析：考查非谓语动词。空前是介词of，空处应用动词­ing形式作宾语。 3．Carefully　解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词climbed，应用副词形式，且空处位于句首，首字母应大写。 4．to　解析：考查介词。give sth.thought/give thought to sth.是固定搭配，意为“认真考虑某事”。 5．would be heard　解析：考查动词的时态和语态。此处表示从过去看将来，应用过去将来时；主语his words与动词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去将来时的被动语态。 6．listening　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰前面的名词people；listen与逻辑主语people之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式作后置定语。 7．was　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据上下文内容可知，时态为一般过去时；主语为the poor sound，表示单数概念，空处应用was。 8．It　解析：考查代词。空处指代前面提到的尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登月一事。空处位于句首，首字母应大写。 9．where　解析：考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处应用where引导地点状语从句。 10．footprints　解析：考查名词复数。footprint是可数名词，这里表示复数概念。下一句中的Those footprints亦是提示。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $