Unit 4 教材原文助读8（Word教参）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册（人教版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语议论文阅读与词汇语法学习，涵盖35个核心词汇（如globe, argue）、固定搭配（如billions of, the solution to）及语法点（定语从句、动名词作主语），通过词汇拓展（如global, argument）、句型解析（如whether...or...结构）搭建学习支架，梳理议论文“提出观点-分论点-结论”的论证脉络。 该资料亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，通过词汇词性转换（如analyse→analysis）、议论文分论点论证（如太空探索对抗饥饿）提升语言运用与逻辑分析能力，课中辅助教师讲解语法与论证逻辑，课后帮助学生复习词汇、巩固议论文写作，落实学习能力培养。

教材原文助读8 ①globe [ɡləʊb] n．地球；世界； 地球仪 global adj.全球的，全球性的 ②billions of 数十亿 ③various adj.各种各样的； 不同的 ④argue ['ɑːɡjuː] vt.& vi.论证；争辩；争论 argument ['ɑːɡjumənt] n. 争论；争吵；论点 ⑤waste＋金钱/时间(等)＋(in) doing sth. 浪费金钱/时间(等)做某事 ⑥instead adv.代替；相反地 ⑦the solution to ……的解决方法 the key to ……的钥匙/关键 the answer to ……的答案 the entrance to ……的入口 ⑧fatal ['feItl] adj.致命的； 灾难性的 fatal disease 绝症；不治之症 ⑨shallow ['ʃæləʊ] adj.肤浅的；浅的 shallowly adv.肤浅地；浅地 ⑩make a difference 有影响， 有意义 ⑪result in 导致；造成 result from 由……引起 ⑫a number of 许多的；大量的(后接复数名词，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式) the number of ……的数量(后接复数名词，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式) ⑬pattern ['pætn] n．模式；图案；模范 ⑭be transmitted to 被传送到…… ⑮analysis [ə'næləsIs] n. (对事物的)分析；分析结果 analyse v．分析 analyst n．分析师 ⑯recommendation n．推荐；建议 recommend vt.推荐；建议 ⑰as a result 所以；结果(是) as a result of 作为……的 结果，由于 ⑱in one's efforts to do sth. 努力做某事 ⑲high­end adj.高端的 ⑳advanced adj.先进的；高端的 advance n．& v．进步；前进 ㉑meet the requirement(s) 满足要求 ㉒monitor ['mɒnItə(r)] n．监视器；监测仪 vt.监视；监测；监控 ㉓regularly ['reɡjələli] adv. 经常；定期地 regular ['reɡjələ(r)] adj. 定期的；经常的；正常的 ㉔foam [fəʊm] n．泡沫橡胶；泡沫 ㉕pillow ['pIləʊ] n．枕头 ㉖smartphone ['smɑːtfəʊn] n. 智能手机 ㉗resource [rI'sɔːs] n．资源；财力； 物力 ㉘limited ['lImItId] adj.有限的 limit v．& n．限制；限度 limitless adj.无限的 ㉙provide for sb.提供生活所需 provide sth.for sb.＝provide sb.with sth. 为某人提供某物 ㉚at present 目前；现在 ㉛be close to 靠近 ㉜in closing最后 closing ['kləʊzIŋ] adj.结尾的；结束的n.停业；关闭；倒闭 ㉝short­term adj.短期的 long­term adj.长期的 in the short term 从短期来看 in the long term 从长远来看 IS EXPLORING SPACE A WASTE OF TIME AND MONEY? Countries around the globe① are spending billions of② dollars and lots of time on various③ space missions, [1]whether to Mars or other planets much further away. Some people argue④ that we should stop wasting time and money exploring⑤ space. Instead⑥， we should feed the world's poor and find immediate solutions to⑦ other problems, such as pollution and fatal⑧ diseases. However, others feel this is a shallow⑨ view [2]which fails to realise how exploring space helps us． [1]此处是“whether...or...”结构，意为“无论是……还是……”。 [2]此处是which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词view；该定语从句中又包含一个how引导的宾语从句。 Firstly, exploring space has already made a difference⑩ in the fight against world hunger. It has directly resulted in⑪ the many satellites that now orbit Earth. A number of⑫ the satellites record data on land and weather patterns⑬. Then the data is transmitted to⑭ scientists on Earth. After careful analysis⑮， the scientists can provide useful recommendations⑯ and advice for farmers. [3]As a result⑰， space­based science has helped farming in its efforts to⑱ grow enough food to feed Earth's increasing population. [3]本句是一个简单句。“to grow...”是动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰its efforts；“to feed...”是动词不定式短语作目的状语。 Secondly, space exploration has already promoted technological improvements that benefit us all. High­end⑲ products around the world are made to a higher standard now [4]because of advanced⑳ technology which was first created to meet the requirements㉑ for space exploration. For example, space technologies have helped the research and development of different types of new material. They have also helped companies make better heart monitors㉒ and other machines [5]that doctors regularly㉓ use. Today, space technologies are widely used in all kinds of industries, and everyday products, such as memory foam㉔ pillows㉕ and smartphone㉖ cameras, are changing our lives. [4]此处“because of...”是介词短语作原因状语；which引导定语从句，修饰先行词advanced technology。 [5]此处是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词other machines。 Finally, sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the world's problems and even to find ways to solve them. [6]Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planet's resources㉗ are limited㉘. In order to provide for㉙ such a rapidly increasing population, scientists are trying to find other planets that could one day be our new home. The greatest attention at present㉚ is on Mars because it is closer to㉛ Earth. In the future, humans may live on both planets. [6]本句是一个复合句。“Seeing...a black sea”是动名词(短语)作主语；句中that引导宾语从句，作realise的宾语。 In closing㉜， exploring space provides the world with many different benefits. Therefore, it should continue [7]so as to provide new and better solutions to people's short­term㉝ and long­term problems． [7]此处是“so as to...”结构作目的状语。 探索太空是浪费 时间和金钱吗？ 世界各国正在投入数十亿美元的资金和大量时间执行各种太空任务，无论是去火星还是其他更远的星球。有些人认为我们应该停止浪费时间和金钱去探索太空。相反，我们应该解决世界上穷人的温饱问题，并尽快找到污染、致命性疾病等其他问题的解决方案。然而，其他人认为这是一种肤浅的观点，没有认识到探索太空给我们带来的帮助。 首先，太空探索已经在对抗世界饥饿的斗争中发挥了重要作用。如今环绕地球运行的众多卫星都直接归功于它。许多卫星记录着陆地与天气模式数据，然后把这些数据传送给地球上的科学家们。经过仔细分析，科学家们可以为农民提供有用的意见和建议。因此，基于太空的科学有助于提高农业产量，从而为地球上不断增长的人口提供充足的食物。 其次，太空探索也推动了科技进步，使我们所有人受益。由于采用了先进的技术，目前全球高端产品的生产标准得以提高，而这些技术最初是为了满足太空探索的要求而研发出来的。例如，太空技术促进了各种新型材料的研发，还帮助一些公司制造出更好的心脏监测仪以及医生经常使用的其他设备。如今，太空技术广泛应用于各行各业，一些日用产品正在改变我们的生活，如记忆海绵枕头和智能手机摄像头等。 最后，将航天员送入太空促使人们思考全球问题，甚至去寻找办法来解决它们。看着我们星球的照片，犹如黑色汪洋大海中的一个小岛，人们意识到地球的资源是有限的。为了满足快速增长的人口需求，科学家们正在努力寻找有朝一日能够成为我们的新家园的其他星球。目前最受关注的是火星，因为它离地球比较近。在未来，人类很可能居住在两个星球上。 总而言之，太空探索给世界带来了种种好处。因此，这项事业应该继续下去，以便为人类(面临)的短期问题和长期问题提供新而更好的解决方案。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $