Unit 4 1 Period 1 Listening, Speaking and Talking（Word教参）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册（人教版）

本讲义围绕太空探索主题，系统整合核心词汇（如astronaut, gravity）、短语（on board, carry on）及语法结构（动名词作主语、倍数表达法等），通过听说训练（句子重音、情景交际）搭建语言输入支架，最终指向议论文写作，形成从积累到运用的完整学习链条。 该资料突出语言能力与思维品质培养，以杨利伟访谈等真实听力材料提升理解能力，情景交际训练强化表达，议论文写作任务引导分析利弊。课中辅助听说教学高效开展，课后语料积累与写作练习助力学生巩固知识，查漏补缺。

　 astronaut　　procedure　 　mental intelligent rocket gravity frontier vehicle determined satellite launch orbit giant leap mankind agency data disappointed desire independently signal recycle muscle lack otherwise beyond current sufficient keen argue shallow resource limited attach 　on board, carry on, in the hope of doing sth., so as to (do sth.), solar system, figure out, result in, as a result, provide for sb., in closing, run out 　1.not only...but (also)... 2.This/That is because... 3.动名词(短语)作主语 4.倍数表达法 　动词不定式作定语和状语 　关于太空探索的议论文 universe n. 　　　　　　　　 宇宙 the Galaxy 银河系 outer space 外太空 planet n. 行星 habitable planet 宜居行星 Mars n. 火星 fixed star 恒星 supernova n. 超新星 space agency 航天局 capsule n. 太空舱 detector n. 探测器 shuttle n. 航天飞机 astronomer n. 天文学家 revolve around/circle the Earth 围绕地球转动 send a spaceship/manned spacecraft into... 发射宇宙飞船/载人航天器到…… launch a weather/communication satellite 发射气象/通信卫星 united adj. 　　　　　　　　 团结的 brave and daring 勇敢且无畏的 innovative adj. 革新的，创新的 determined and devoted 坚定而忠诚的 overcome all difficulties 克服所有困难 make a breakthrough 取得突破 promote technological change 推动技术革新 find out the secrets of the universe 发现宇宙的奥秘 help us survive well into the future 帮助我们在未来更好地生存 improve the quality of human life 提高人类的生活质量 provide solutions to human's problems 为人类的问题提供解决办法 话题佳句 1.The development of science and technology makes our lives more comfortable and convenient. 科技发展使我们的生活更加舒适、方便。 2.The journey to outer space and other planets is not a dream any more. 去外太空和其他星球旅行不再是一个梦。 3.There is no doubt that we benefit a lot from the scientific advancements in many different ways.　毫无疑问，我们在许多不同方面受益于科学的进步。 Period 1　Listening, Speaking and Talking 听说主题语境(一)　Talk about how to become an astronaut Ⅰ.练发音促听说 句子的重音 一、句子重音的功能 体现句子的节奏感和韵律感，突出重点，使听者更容易理解句意。 二、句子重音的规律 1．实词重读，虚词弱读 在句子中，需要重读的词通常是实词，如名词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、代词等；而不需要重读的词多为虚词，如冠词、连词、介词、感叹词等。 *The streets are wide and clean.(“streets”“wide”和“clean”需要重读，“The”“are”和“and”不重读) 2．核心词重读 在陈述句中，重音通常落在句子的核心词上，即主语、谓语或宾语上。 *He is coming.(“coming”是谓语，也是句子的核心词，需要重读) 3．疑问词重读 在疑问句中，重音通常落在疑问词上，用来强调疑问的焦点。 *What does he like best？(“What”是疑问词，需要重读) 4．介词在句首时重读 当介词位于句首时，往往需要重读。 *On the table, there is a book and a pen.(“On”是介词，位于句首，需要重读) 5．be动词及助动词和not结合时重读 当be动词、助动词与not结合形成否定形式时，这些词通常需要重读。 *I'm sorry I can't do that.(“can't”需要重读) 6．句子末尾的be动词和助动词重读 在回答问题或进行简短陈述时，句子末尾的be动词和助动词往往需要重读。 *—Do you like drawing？—Yes, I do.(“do”需要重读) Ⅱ.辨音专项训练 在以下句子中通常重读的单词下画线。 1．It's a desk. 2．Open your mouth. 3．I have three red pencils. 4．In the room they found a little boy. 5．She can't speak French. 6．Mary: Is there something wrong, Karen? Karen: It's okay.I'm being silly. Mary: That's impossible.You're never silly. Karen: Oh, but I am.I'm silly all the time.Believe me! I locked my house keys in the house. 答案：1.It's a desk. 2．Open your mouth. 3．I have three_red_pencils． 4．In the room they found a little_boy. 5．She can't_speak_French. 6．Mary：Is there something_wrong，Karen? Karen：It's_okay.I'm being_silly. Mary: That's impossible.You're_never_silly. Karen：Oh，but I am.I'm silly all the time.Believe_me! I locked my house_keys in the house. Ⅲ.教材听力再利用 听下面的对话，从题中选出最佳选项，对话读两遍。 1．What did Yang Liwei do before he became China's first astronaut? A．Studying at university. B．Training to be an astronaut. C．Working as a fighter pilot. 2．Which could be a reason why Yang was chosen for the space programme? A．Majoring in space knowledge. B．Having good physical condition. C．Being an experienced pilot. 3．What are the height and weight requirements for being an astronaut? A．Shorter than 182 cm in height and less than 70 kilograms in weight. B．Shorter than 172 cm in height and less than 70 kilograms in weight. C．Shorter than 172 cm in height and less than 80 kilograms in weight. 4．Which one is a must to be an astronaut? A．Using space equipment. B．Speaking English and French. C．Doing science experiments. 答案：1～4.CCBA [听力原文] (I＝Interviewer　M＝Mr Yang) I：Today we are very pleased to chat with Mr Yang Liwei, the first Chinese astronaut. Welcome to the show, Mr Yang. M：Thank you. I：Mr Yang, our audience is very curious about how you succeeded in becoming China's first astronaut. It must have been a very difficult thing to achieve. Did you always want to be an astronaut? M：Yes, I dreamt of it when I was young, but I never thought my wish would come true. It took a long time. First, I got my college degree when I was 22, and then I worked as a fighter pilot for around 10 years.① I finally became China's first astronaut when I was 38 years old. I：Oh, so you must be a really experienced pilot. Do you think that was one of the reasons why you were chosen for the space programme? M：Sure, I had 1，350 hours of flight experience, which I think really helped me.② I：So how difficult was it to join the space programme? M：There was a lot of competition. Altogether, 14 of us were chosen from among 1，500 pilots to train for space flights. I：That sounds really difficult. Did you also have to be a certain size and weight? M：Yes, at the time, you had to be shorter than 172 centimetres in height and weigh less than 70 kilograms.③You also had to be in perfect health and perfect shape. I：So you were the perfect choice! As we all know, an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm in order to work in space. But you also had to study a lot, too, right? M：Yes, I had to learn English, science, and astronomy. I also had to practise using space equipment, and do a lot of mental and physical training.④ It was very tiring, but I was so proud to have the opportunity. Ⅳ.话题听力体验 听下面的对话，从题中选出最佳选项，对话读两遍。 1．What time did the news broadcast? A．Seven o'clock. B．Six o'clock. C．Eight o'clock. 2．What was the news about? A．It's about the space station. B．It's about the space. C．It's about the astronauts. 3．Why is the man interested in such news? A．Because he hopes to go to the moon one day. B．Because he is an astronaut. C．Because he wants to do research in space. 答案：1～3.BAA [听力原文] M：Did you hear the 6 o'clock news？① W：No, I didn't.Was there anything interesting? M：They've built another space station.They will send it up sometime next year.② W：Oh, I've read about the plan somewhere.Is there anything else? M：Just think! Astronauts will live and do research work there. W：Really? But I wonder why you're interested in such things. M：I've always been.I hope to go to the moon one day.③ W：Oh, I see. 听说主题语境(二)　Talk about life in space Ⅰ.教材听力再利用 听下面的对话，从题中选出最佳选项，对话读两遍。 1．Why does Captain Brown miss the International Space Station? A．Because he has been used to the life there. B．Because he doesn't like living on the Earth. C.Because he likes wearing shorts and T­shirts. 2．What about the food the astronauts eat in the International Space Station? A．It is prepared food. B．It is uncooked food. C．It is not delicious. 3．How do the astronauts keep clean? A．Having showers. B．Using soapy towels. C．Brushing teeth without toothpaste. 4．What is Captain Brown's favourite thing in the space station? A．Playing the guitar. B．Playing chess. C．Having video calls with his family. 答案：1～4.AABC [听力原文] Interviewer：Hello, Captain Brown.You're back on Earth now.Are you happy to be back? Captain Brown：Well, yes and no.It's great to see my family again, but I also miss the International Space Station.I've gotten used to floating around just wearing shorts and a T­shirt.① Interviewer：So let me ask about the space station.Was eating in space difficult? Captain Brown：Not really.We don't have to cook in space.We choose what we want to eat before we go to space, and then the food is prepared and stored for us.②We just have to heat the food and enjoy it. Interviewer：Cool.Well, I know astronauts cannot shower in space since the water would float away, so I'd love to know how you keep yourselves clean. Captain Brown：Oh, we use a soapy towel to wash.And we brush our teeth the same way as we do on Earth.③ But astronauts usually swallow their toothpaste. Interviewer：Gosh, I hope it tasted good! So how long did you stay in space during your last mission? Captain Brown：I was there for more than five months. Interviewer：Wow! So what kind of work did you do up there? Captain Brown：I was usually busy doing different experiments. Interviewer：Did you have any free time? Do astronauts get time off? Captain Brown：Yes.When I was free, I played the guitar.That's right—I took my guitar with me.I also played chess.My favourite thing to do, though, was to have my weekly video call with my family.④ Ⅱ.情景交际训练 莉莉和玛丽两个人对神秘的太空充满了好奇，她们在谈论宇航员的生活，根据汉语提示补全对话。 Lily：Hey, Mary. We're going to meet a real astronaut. Isn't it exciting? Mary：Yeah. I can't wait to see Captain Brown! 1.I'm_really_curious_about_his_life_in_space(我真的很好奇他在太空的生活). I have plenty of questions to ask him. Lily：Such as? Mary：Oh, such as “What facilities do they have in space 2.to_support_their_daily_life(来维持他们的日常生活)？” Lily：That sounds like a good question. But I'd also like to know about 3.how_astronauts_sleep(宇航员怎样睡觉). What do they do so as not to float around while they sleep? Mary：I wonder how they get exercise in space—it's not like 4.they_can_go_out_jogging(他们能出去慢跑). Lily：I'd never thought of that.But then, after they exercise, I'm very keen to find out how they wash their clothes. Mary：Never mind that. I'd really like to find out 5.how_women_astronauts_wash_their_hair(女宇航员怎样洗头). Lily：But we are forgetting the most important question of all, aren't we? Mary：And what's that? Lily：Well, I'd really like to find out what they do when they meet aliens. Ⅰ.语料积累 1．from_China_or_abroad　 　　 来自中国或国外 2．the_selection_procedure 甄选程序 3．the_possible_requirements 可能的要求 4．be_curious_about... 对……好奇 5．attend_pilot_training 参加飞行员培训 6．flying_experience 飞行经历 7．use_space_equipment 使用空间设备 8．mental_and_physical_training 身心训练 9．graduate_from_college 大学毕业 10．join_China's_space_programme 加入中国的太空计划 11．in_height 在身高方面 12．in_weight 在体重方面 13．education_background 教育背景 14．health_condition 健康状况 15．in_space 在太空中 16．get_a_related_college_degree 获得相关的大学学位 Ⅱ.场景应用 假定你班就太空探索的利弊展开了激烈的讨论。请你就此写一篇议论文。内容包括： 1．一部分同学认为利大于弊； 2．另一部分同学持相反的观点； 3．你的观点。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Open answers. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $