Unit 2 2 Period 2 Reading and Thinking（Word教参）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册（人教版）

本讲义围绕林巧稚医生生平及贡献这一核心主题，构建“阅读理解—词汇积累—语法剖析—综合应用”的学习支架。先通过主旨题、结构题等引导文本分析，再系统梳理阅读词汇、核心词汇及拓展词汇，结合重点句型（如“否定词+比较级”表最高级、不定式作定语）解析，形成从输入到输出的完整知识脉络。 该资料以人物传记为载体，突出语言能力与思维品质培养。通过时间排序题训练逻辑思维，语法分析（如现在分词作状语）提升语言理解能力，词汇分类练习强化学习策略。课中助力教师引导学生深度解读文本，课后通过词汇表、句型总结等帮助学生自主查漏补缺，有效落实新课标核心素养要求。

Period 2　Reading and Thinking 　〈读文清障，文本助解释疑〉见分册本教材原文助读3(P5) What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Dr Lin Qiaozhi's road to success. B.Dr Lin Qiaozhi's contributions to society. C．How Dr Lin Qiaozhi made choices in her life. D．How Dr Lin Qiaozhi delivered babies in the hospital. 答案：B 1．How is the passage developed? A．By following time order. B．By following space order. C．By comparing facts. D．By listing numbers. 2．Which is the correct order of the events in Dr Lin's life? ①Her mother died. ②She was sent to Europe to study. ③She was elected to the first National People's Congress. ④She was named a chief resident physician. ⑤She opened a private clinic. A．①③②④⑤　　　　　　 B．①④②⑤③ C．②①④③⑤ D．④②③①⑤ 3．Which of the following can best describe Dr Lin? A．Warm-hearted and humorous. B．Positive and confident. C．Devoted and thankful. D．Hard-working and selfless. 4．What can we know about the life of Dr Lin? A．She had children of her own. B．She devoted herself to the patients. C．She built a kindergarten to help the poor. D.She was interested in the positions in the government. 答案：1～4.ABDB 1．To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I'm cold, hungry, or tired? (Para.1) [分析]　此句是由and连接的并列复合句。第一个分句中包含“否定词＋比较级”结构，表示最高级含义；在第二个分句中，if引导条件状语从句，“how could I refuse that trust”为主句，“saying...”为现在分词作伴随状语。 [翻译]　对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更宝贵了，如果他们把生命托付给我，我怎么能拒绝这种信任，说我又冷又饿又累呢？ 2．“Finding a good husband should be their final goal！” her brother complained，thinking of the high tuition fees.(Para.2) [分析]　此句直接引语中的Finding a good husband为动名词短语作主语，谓语动词为should be；“thinking of...”是现在分词短语作原因状语。 [翻译]　“找一个好丈夫才是她们的归宿！”她的兄弟一想到高昂的学费就这么抱怨。 3．Within six months，she was named a chief resident physician, a position that usually took four years to achieve.(Para.3) [分析]　此句中“a position...”作同位语，that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，不可省略。 [翻译]　不到六个月，她被任命为首席住院医师，晋升这一职位通常需要四年时间。 4．Though Lin Qiaozhi never married，she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”， having delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime.(Para.6) [分析]　此句中Though引导让步状语从句；“having delivered...”为现在分词的完成式，在句中作原因状语。 [翻译]　虽然林巧稚终身未婚，但是她被称为“万婴之母”，她一生中亲手接生的婴儿有五万多名。 Lin Qiaozhi, who delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime, 1.was_known(know) as the “mother of ten thousand babies”， though she never got married. 2.Affected(affect) by her mother's death, Lin Qiaozhi decided to work and study 3.at the age of 18 instead of following the traditional path of 4.marriage(marry) like many other girls. After graduating from Peking Union Medical College, she was hired as a resident physician. 5.Having_worked(work) for a few years, she was sent to study in Europe and then in the US, 6.where she rejected her colleagues' offer to stay. Though appointed 7.to_hold(hold) many important positions, she was more interested in tending patients, publishing medical research on care for women and children, and training the next generation of doctors. She held the belief that doctors should be responsible 8.for the patients. Dr Lin never retired. Even as she lay 9.dying(die), she was still thinking of others. This is Lin Qiaozhi, who devoted all her life to 10.helping(help) the women and children in need of her help. 1．What carried Dr Lin through a life of hard choices and led to her great achievements? _______________________________________________________________ 2．What can we learn from Dr Lin? ________________________________________________________________ 答案：Open answers. Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记 选出与单词对应的汉语释义 1．dilemma n.　　　　 A．遥远的 2．faint vi. B．同事；同僚 3．entrust vt. C．协会；联合会；工会 4．tuition n. D．(小组)教学；讲课 5．union n. E．委托；交付 6．colleague n. F．进退两难的境地；困境 7．faraway adj. G．昏倒；晕厥 答案：1～5.FGEDC　6～7.BA Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词 1．high moral character　　　　 高尚的道德品格 2．the practice of virtue 践行美德 3．precious life 宝贵的生命 4．school fees 学费 5．win a scholarship 获得奖学金 6．be hired as a caregiver 被聘任为护理员 7．a practising physician 一名执业医师 8．an expensive clinic 一家费用昂贵的诊所 9．over the decades 数十年来 10．a new staff of the company 公司的一名新员工 11．savings account 储蓄账户 12．against one's principle 违背某人的原则 13．travel insurance 旅行保险 14．replace plastic bags with paper bags 用纸袋取代塑料袋 Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活 根据提示写出相应的单词 1．illustrate ['ɪləstreɪt] vt.(举例)说明；阐明；给(书或文章)加插图→illustration n．插图；示例；图解 2．marriage ['mærIdʒ] n．结婚；婚姻→marry vi.& vt.结婚，嫁，娶 3．majority [mə'dʒɒrəti] n．大部分；大多数→major adj.主要的；重要的 v．主修；专门研究 n．主修科目，专业 4．complain [kəm'pleIn] vi.& vt.抱怨；发牢骚→complaint n．抱怨；投诉 5．respond [rI'spɒnd] vt.回答；回复vi.做出反应；回应→response n．反应；回答；回复 6．reject [rɪ'dʒekt] vt.拒绝接受；不录用→rejection n.拒绝接受；否决 7．appoint [ə'pɔInt] vt.任命；委派→appointment n.任命；委任；约会→appointed adj.指定的；被委任的 8．elect [I'lekt] vt.选举；推选→election n．选举；推选；当选 9．tend [tend] vt.照顾；照料 vi.倾向；趋于→tendency n．倾向；趋势 10．publish['pʌblIʃ] vt.发表(作品)；出版→publisher n．出版商；发行人 11．retire [rɪ'taɪə(r)] vi.& vt.退休；退职；退出→retired adj.已退休的→retirement n．退休；退职 12．passive ['pæsIv] adj.被动的；顺从的→passively adv.被动地；顺从地 13．scared [skeəd] adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→scare vt.惊吓；使害怕vi.受惊吓→scary adj.恐怖的；吓人的 14．sharp [ʃɑːp] adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的→sharply adv.急剧地；锋利地；明显地→sharpen v．(使)变得锋利；提高 15．energetic [ˌenə'dʒetIk] adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的→energy n．精力；能量 Ⅳ.重点短语·再现 根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语 1．It was his determination that absolutely carried him through(帮助……渡过)the difficult period. 2．To be frank, deeds are better than words when people are in_need_of(需要) help. 3．Wetlands play_a_key_role(发挥关键作用) in mitigating (减轻) climate change by absorbing carbon dioxide and protecting biodiversity. 4．It is individuals that should be_responsible_for(对……负责) their own diet and health. 5．People under stress tend_to(往往会) develop their full range of potential. Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现 根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 1．“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义 To a person nothing_is_more_precious_than_their_life(没有什么比他们的生命更宝贵了), and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I'm cold, hungry, or tired？(Para.1) 2．过去分词短语作后置定语 In 1929, Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) with the Wenhai Scholarship, the highest prize given_to_graduates(授予毕业生的).(Para.3) 3．the＋序数词＋n.＋to do sth. She immediately became the_first_woman_ever_to_be_hired_as_a_resident_physician(被聘任的第一位女住院医师) in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.(Para.3) 4．感官动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语 At times she was_even_seen_riding_a_donkey(甚至被看到骑着一头毛驴) to faraway villages to provide medical care.(Para.4) carry sb. through sth.　帮助某人渡过难关 【经典例句】 (教材P16)These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and what carried her through a life of hard choices.　林巧稚医生的这些话使我们得以窥见这名非凡女性的内心世界，并了解是什么支撑她度过充满艰难抉择的一生。 carry on doing/with...　 继续(做)…… be/get carried away 变得很激动；失去自制力 carry out 执行；实施 carry off 成功地完成；赢得，获得(奖项) carry sb. back (to sth.) 使某人回想起(某事) carry forward 推进；发扬 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)We should carry out the plan strictly and carefully. (2)We hope that more artists will carry forward and develop the folk art. (3)尽管考试失败了，我仍相信我的决心和努力会帮助我渡过难关。 Despite the failure of the test, I still believed my determination and hard work would_carry_me_through_tough_times． (4)在我的伙伴的指导之下，我继续做我们的项目，我们的努力最终得到了回报。 With the guidance of my partner，I carried_on_doing/with_our_project_and_our_efforts_paid_off_finally． majority　 n．大部分；大多数 【经典例句】 (教材P16)At age 18, instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls, she chose to work and study. 十八岁时，她没有像大多数的女孩那样走上传统的婚姻道路，而是选择了工作和学习。 (1)the/a majority of... 大多数…… be in the/a majority 占大部分/大多数 (2)major adj. 主要的；重要的 v. 主修；专门研究 n. 主修科目，专业 major in... 主修……；以……为专业 【单句语法填空/完成句子/词汇升级】 (1)However, the majority of people are (be) effective speakers because they train to be. (2)As a matter of fact, he inspired me to major in English in college, to be a bridge between China and the world. (3)一般来说，如果你查看一场古典音乐会的观众，你会发现超过五十岁的人占大多数。 Generally speaking, if you look at the audience at a classical concert, you will find that people over the age of fifty are_in_the/a_majority． (4)A recent survey suggests that many students tend to learn English by listening to English songs. →A recent survey suggests that the_majority_of students tend to learn English by listening to English songs.应用文写作之语言学习 complain　vi.& vt.抱怨；发牢骚 【经典例句】 (教材P16)“Why should girls learn so much? Finding a good husband should be their final goal！” her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees.　“女孩子为什么要读那么多书？找一个好丈夫才是她们的归宿！”她的兄弟一想到高昂的学费就这么抱怨。 (1)complain to sb.　　　　 向某人抱怨 complain about/of sth. 抱怨某事 (2)complaint n. 抱怨；投诉 make a complaint about/of... 抱怨……；投诉…… 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 (1)Don't complain about/of your life. You should be thankful for what you have. (2)The milk delivered to us that morning seemed to have gone bad, so we complained to the company about it. (3)It was obvious that all my complaints(complain)about the service of your restaurant were useless. (4)我写信是投诉你们酒店的服务不好。 →I'm writing to complain_about/of the poor service of your hotel.(complain v．) →I'm writing to make_a_complaint_about/of the poor service of your hotel.(complaint n．)应用文写作之投诉信 complain用作及物动词时，不能用于被动语态，其后可接that从句，不接名词或代词。 respond　vt.回答；回复　vi.做出反应；回应 【经典例句】 (教材P16)She responded, “I'd rather stay single to study all my life！” 她回答道：“我宁愿一辈子不嫁人，也要学医！” (1)respond to...　　 对……做出答复/回复 (2)response n. 反应；回答；回复 in response to 回答；响应 make (a) response to... 回答……；对……做出回应 make no response to... 没有对……做出回应 【单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译】 (1)The exhibition has received a positive response(respond) from visitors. (2)为了响应观众的强烈要求，这出戏将在这个剧院一周上演两次。 To_respond_to/In_response_to_the_audience's_great_demand,_the play will be put on in the theatre twice a week. (3)如果您能在方便的时候尽早回复我的信息，我将不胜感激。 →I would be_grateful_if_you_could_respond_to my message at your earliest convenience. (respond v．) →I would appreciate_it_if_you_could_make_a_response_to my message at your earliest convenience. (response n．)应用文写作之求助信 respond主要用作不及物动词，若后接宾语，应借助介词to；作及物动词时，后接that从句可引出直接引语。 elect　vt.选举；推选 【经典例句】 (教材P17)In 1954, she was elected to the first National People's Congress and, over the next several decades, she held many important positions.　1954年，她当选第一届全国人大代表，在随后的几十年里，她担任了许多重要的职位。 (1)elect sb. (as/to be...)　 选举某人(为……) elect to do sth. 选择/决定做某事 (2)election n. 选举；推选；当选 elective adj. 选举的；可选择的；选修的 n. 选修科目 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)If I am lucky enough to win the election(elect), the first thing I will do is enrich our students' after-class activities.应用文写作之发言稿 (2)My favourite teacher, Mrs.Wang, was elected as a model teacher this year.应用文写作之人物介绍 (3)该团体选出一名成员作为他们的发言人。 The group elected_one_of_its_members_as/to_be_their_spokesperson． tend　vt.照顾；照料　vi.倾向；趋于；往往会 【经典例句】 (教材P17)She was more interested in tending patients, publishing medical research on care for women and children, and training the next generation of doctors.　她更感兴趣的是治病救人、发表妇幼护理医学研究成果并培养下一代医生。 (1)tend to do sth. 　　 易于做某事；往往会发生某事 tend to sb. 照顾某人 tend to/towards... 倾向于……；趋于…… (2)tendency n. 倾向；趋势(常与to/towards连用) have a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的倾向 【语境辨义/完成句子/词汇升级】 (1)Last October, while tending her garden, she pulled out a handful of small carrots.照料 (2)Scientific research shows that women tend to survive their husbands by 5-10 years.往往会 (3)作为一名高一学生，你往往会随着时间的推移而变得焦虑，这是很正常的。 As a Senior 1 student, it is normal that you tend_to_get_anxious with time going by. (4)It is because my mother has looked after me carefully that I have recovered from the disease so quickly. →It is because my mother has tended_to me carefully that I have recovered from the disease so quickly. retire　vi.& vt.退休；退职；退出 【经典例句】 (教材P17)Dr Lin did not retire until the day she died, 22 April 1983.　林医生坚守在岗位上，直到1983年4月22日她去世的那一天。 (1)retire from ...　　　　 从……退休 retire as ... 以……身份退休 (2)retirement n. 退休；退职 retired adj. 已退休的；已退职的 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)At age 68, he retired(retire) from the post office, but he never stopped serving the community. (2)A retired(retire) engineer, 76-year-old Wilson, has been offering free rides to college students for the past eight years. (3)He announced his retirement(retire) as chief executive of the company. (4)从公司退休后，她一直在一家慈善机构做志愿工作。 After/Since_retiring_from_the_company，she has been doing voluntary work for a charity. scared 　adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的 【经典例句】 (教材P17)She was so scared during the interview that she completely forgot how she should respond to the questions.　在面试时，她太害怕了以至于完全忘了该如何回答问题。 (1)be scared of sb./sth.　 害怕某人/某事 害怕/恐惧做某事 be scared to death 吓得要死 (2)scare vt. 惊吓；使害怕 vi. 受惊吓 n. 恐惧；惊恐 scare away/off 吓走，吓跑 scare sb./sth. into doing sth. 恐吓某人/某物做某事； 使某人/某物受惊吓而做某事 (3)scary adj. 恐怖的；吓人的 【单句语法填空/完成句子/句型转换】 (1)The sudden appearance of the cute rabbit scared my horse into running like crazy. (2)The scared look suggested that there must be something scary around her.(scare) (3)当看到一个人在黑暗中慢慢朝我走来时，我吓得要死。 I was_scared_to_death when I saw someone walking slowly towards me in the dark.读后续写之心理描写 (4)My husband and I were scared that we would be hurt by the fierce bear and thus, our teeth were chattering. →My husband and I were_scared_to_be_hurt/of_being_hurt by the fierce bear and thus, our teeth were chattering. energetic　adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的 【经典例句】 (教材P17)One of the advantages of hiring energetic and positive young people is that they tend to show interest in their work and they are eager to learn. 雇用精力充沛、积极向上的年轻人的好处之一是，他们往往对自己的工作表现出兴趣，而且渴望学习。 (1)feel energetic　　　　 感到精力充沛 (2)energy n. 精力；能量 be full of energy 精力旺盛 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)I'd like to offer some suggestions on how to keep healthy and energetic(energy). (2)I'm going to devote all my energies(energy) to getting a better job. (3)你有必要多吃点水果，这能给你提供足够的能量。 It's necessary for you to eat more fruit, which will provide_enough_energy_for_you． replace　vt.接替；取代；更换；代替；把……放回原处 【经典例句】 (教材P17)The student union will hold a special meeting in January to elect someone to replace the secretary.　学生会将在一月份举行一次特别会议，选出接替秘书的人。 (1)replace...with/by...　　 用……替换…… replace sb. to do sth. 代替某人做某事 (2)replacement n. 替换；替换物 (3) 代替 【单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译】 (1)The reason why my father rejects replacing the old computer with/by a new one is that he hasn't found a proper replacement(replace). (2)我代替他成为学校戏剧中的主角，这让全班同学大为震惊。 I_replaced_him_as_the_leading_role in the school drama, which came as a big shock to the class. (3)我非常高兴代替我的同事在开幕式上作演讲。 →I am very pleased to replace/take_the_place_of my colleague to deliver a speech at the opening ceremony. →I am very pleased to deliver a speech at the opening ceremony in_place_of/instead_of my colleague.应用文写作之演讲稿 “否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义 【经典例句】 (教材P16)To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I'm cold, hungry, or tired？　对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更宝贵了，如果他们把生命托付给我，我怎么能拒绝这种信任，说我又冷又饿又累呢？ (1)“否定词＋比较级”意为“没有比……更……；没有像……一样……”，表示最高级含义，常用的否定词有no、not、never、nothing、nobody、hardly等； (2)“can/could＋never/not...enough/too...”意为“再……也不为过”。 【单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译】 (1)While crossing the road, we can never be too careful, as unexpected situations may occur at any time. (2)I would never encounter a better(good) teacher as Mr. Smith, whose profound knowledge has had a great impact on me. (3) ——她唱歌多么动听啊！这是我听过的最好听的声音了。 ——我完全同意你的看法。 —How beautifully she sings！I_have_never_heard_a_better_voice. —I_can't_agree_with_you_any_more. (4)汤姆是我们班最勤奋的学生。 →Nobody_is_more_hard-working_than Tom in our class. →Tom is the_most_hard-working_student in our class. →Tom is more_hard-working_than any other student in our class. the＋序数词＋n.＋to do sth. 【经典例句】 (教材P16)She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. 她随即成为北京协和医院妇产科聘任的第一位女住院医师。 (1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰或前有the next、the only、the last等时，常用动词不定式作后置定语； (2)“the only＋n.＋to do sth.”意为“唯一做某事的……”； (3)动词不定式作定语修饰抽象名词，常见的抽象名词有ability、chance、effort、way、ambition、attempt等。 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)There was no signal in that faraway village and all my attempts to_contact(contact) you failed. (2)I can't afford to miss such a precious chance to_strengthen(strengthen) each other's understanding. (3)杰克是第一个想到一个好主意来帮助伯纳德赚点额外收入的人。 Jack was the_first_person_to_think_of a good idea to help Bernard earn some extra money. (4)在我看来，随机配对学生并不能提高他们的英语口语，毕竟，说英语的能力因人而异。 In my opinion, randomly pairing up students can't improve their oral English and after all, the_ability_to_speak_English varies from person to person. Ⅰ.品句填词 1．The resident physician fell ill, so I would replace him and do the operation instead. 2．Passive(被动的) smoking does great harm to our health. 3．Marriage(婚姻) is a lifelong commitment for many people. 4．The committee will publish their report on the health service in a few weeks. 5．In the past four decades，China has improved the living standards of the ordinary people. 6．For the last few years, the company has hired(雇用) thousands of technical experts. 7．I'm writing to express my sincere thanks to Ms Wang who tended(照料) my mother in the hospital. 8．Don't waste your precious time by chatting online all day long. 9．When asked about the clinic's future, the physician responded(回复) that he remained optimistic. 10．I am writing with the aim of complaining(投诉) about the terrible service of the insurance company. Ⅱ.词块运用 1．In a word, encouragement from his teammates carried him through(帮助……渡过) the tough training. 2．Ever since he graduated_from(毕业于) university, he has been working at the branch company in Shanghai. 3．Many Chinese universities provide scholarships for students in_need_of(需要) financial aid. 4．As an adult, you should be_responsible_for(对……负责) your own decision. 5．People who often stay up late have_a_tendency_to(有……的倾向) gain weight. Ⅲ.根据汉语提示并使用本部分句式结构完成下面的小短文 “How Does Kong Rong Share the Pears” is a remarkable story about virtues, which is 1.the_first_story_in_history_to_showcase_noble_qualities_in_such_a_young_child(历史上第一个在如此年幼的孩子身上展示高贵品质的故事；the＋序数词＋n.＋to do sth.). The story goes as follows.When asked to distribute the pears at the age of four, Kong Rong surprised everyone with his action. Kong Rong gave the bigger ones to his elder brothers and sisters and the one kept for himself was the smallest. His father, taken aback by this choice, asked the reason.Kong Rong responded with great politeness and grace, “I am the youngest among us all and it feels right to give the bigger ones to my brothers and sisters. There is no doubt that 2.nothing_is_more_important_than_expressing_my_respect(没有什么比表达我的敬意更重要的了；‘否定词＋比较级’表示最高级含义) whenever it is possible.” The entire family was profoundly moved and impressed by Kong Rong's thoughtfulness and kindness. This story, though concise, presents as an excellent example of education. The powerful message 3.conveyed_by_the_story(这个故事所传达的；过去分词短语作后置定语) emphasizes the significance of respecting the elderly. Therefore, to create a more harmonious society, I would like to recommend it to all our readers. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $