Unit 3 3 Period 3 Discovering Useful Structures（课件PPT）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册（人教版）

该高中英语课件聚焦“省略”语法知识点，通过“妈妈与Tom的情境对话填空”导入，系统讲解简单句、并列句、复合句及其他情况的省略规则，构建从情境感知到规则归纳的学习支架。 其亮点在于分类清晰的“要义详析”与即时检验的“课堂微练”结合，如复合句中状语从句省略（While walking...）、写作改写（If possible...）等实例，助力提升学生语言能力和思维品质，既帮助学生掌握语法应用，也为教师提供高效教学资源。

Period 3　Discovering Useful Structures 省　略 返回导航 要义详析 探究语法 1 课堂微练 即时检验 2 内 容 索 引 要义详析 探究语法 PART 01 第一部分 为了避免重复或者使句子更简洁，在一些句子中常常省去一个或几个成分，这种语法现象叫省略。常见的省略情况有以下几种： 返回导航 一、简单句中的省略   (1) (You) Want a hand？需要帮忙吗？ (2)—Do you know Miss Gao? —I don't know (her). ——你认识高女士吗？ ——我不认识。 (3)(You come) This way, please. 请走这边。 返回导航 1．省略主语 一般情况下，主语是不能省略的，但在祈使句和其他不容易引起歧义的情况下，特别是在口语中，常常省略主语，主要是祈使句中的you和疑问句中的主语。 2．省略宾语 当上、下或前、后两个句子的宾语一致时，下句或后句常常省略宾语。 返回导航 3．省略主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分) 在某些具体的场合下，主语和谓语都很明确，此时为了简化或显得亲切等，可将主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)同时省略，只剩下表语、宾语、状语或其他成分。 返回导航 二、并列句中的省略   (1)(教材P28) This district used to be a poor area of town, but (this district) is now a centre for art, music, and food. 这个区过去是城镇里的一个贫困区域，而现在是艺术、音乐和美食中心。 返回导航 (2)When summer comes, the day is getting longer and longer, and the night (is getting) shorter and shorter. 当夏天来临时，白天变得越来越长，夜晚变得越来越短。 (3)They tried their best but (they tried) in vain. 他们尽力了，却白费力气。 返回导航 1．在并列句中，后面分句中与前面分句相同的部分常常省略，以避免重复； 2．有时由于上下文语境很明显，后面一个分句中的一些词语也可以省略。 返回导航 三、复合句中的省略   (1)While (I was) walking along the street, I heard my name called. 当我沿着这条街走时，我听到有人叫我的名字。 返回导航 (2)My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit (that) we had ever eaten. 我和我丈夫都认为它们是我们吃过的最好的水果。 (3)They said (that) the meeting was very important and that we mustn't be late. 他们说这场会议非常重要，我们一定不能迟到。 返回导航 1．状语从句中的省略 状语从句的主语跟主句的主语相同或从句主语是it且从句谓语中含有be动词时，则从句中主语和be动词常被省略。 2．定语从句中的省略 关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语且前面无介词时，可以省略关系代词。 返回导航 3．宾语从句中的省略 (1)及物动词后接宾语从句时，连接词that一般可以省略；但如果及物动词接两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句，那么只有第一个that可以省略； (2)when、where、how和why引导的宾语从句有时可以仅保留引导词。 返回导航 四、其他情况的省略   (1)You can't force him to answer the question if he's not ready to (answer the question). 如果他没有准备好回答这个问题，你不能强迫他。 (2)We often hear her sing an English song in the classroom. →She is often heard to sing an English song in the classroom.(被动语态) 我们经常听见她在教室里唱英文歌。 返回导航 (3)—Can you finish your work today? —I think so. ——你今天能完成工作吗？ ——我认为能。 (4)The heavy rain prevented him (from) arriving there on time. 大雨使他没能按时到达那里。 返回导航 1．动词不定式的省略 (1)当动词不定式在形容词afraid、anxious、eager、 glad、 happy、 ready、 willing等后面作状语时，to后面的内容常省略； (2)某些使役动词(如make、let、have等)和感官动词(如see、watch、notice、observe、hear等)后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式须省略to，但这些动词若用于被动语态，则不省略to； 返回导航 (3)并列的动词不定式可以省略后面的不定式符号to，但若两个动词不定式之间表示对比关系时，则不能省略to； (4)当动词不定式在某些动词后作宾语时，常常可以省略to后面的内容，常见的动词(短语)有agree、afford、expect、forget、hope、know、manage、pretend、remember、refuse、want、wish、would like等；如果不定式中含有be或完成式，通常保留be或have； 返回导航 (5)介词but(除了)、 except (除了) 前面有实义动词do的某种形式时，后面的动词不定式省略to； (6)当动词不定式作某些复合谓语时，如be going to、 be able to、 have to、 ought to、 used to等，可以只保留不定式符号to。 返回导航 2．使用so、 not等时的省略 可以用so、 not或其他方式来省略上文或问句中的一部分或整个句子。 3．介词的省略 一些与动词、名词或形容词搭配的介词常常可以省略，而保留介词后面的动名词。常见的结构有： (1)have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth. (2)be busy (in) doing sth. (3)spend some time (in) doing sth. (4)stop/prevent sb.(from) doing sth. 返回导航 课堂微练 即时检验 PART 02 第二部分 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．While ____________(visit) the city, they received a warm welcome. 2．He was often noticed ____________(leave) the office after work. 3．Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat ______ necessary. 4．He rushed out of the room as if ____________(meet) some important person. visiting to leave if to meet 返回导航 5．We should keep the earth healthy while ____________(use) its supply of natural resources. 6．When____________ (publish), the novel will become one of the best sellers of the year. 7．Once___________ (encourage), he will have confidence to overcome the difficulties. 8．Children, when ____________(expose) to an English-speaking atmosphere, will pick up the language much more easily. using published encouraged exposed 返回导航 9．Knowing his trouble, I had nothing to do but ____________(inspire) him to continue his work. 10．It seemed that the bird was waiting for me, its beady eyes locked on mine as if __________(try) to convey some deep, unspoken gratitude. 11．—Are you a volunteer now? —No, but I used ________(be). I worked for the City Sports Meeting last year. 12．—Who should be responsible for the accident? —The boss instead of the workers. They just carried out the order as ____________(tell). inspire trying to be told 返回导航 Ⅱ.语法与写作 1．If it is possible, this old temple will be rebuilt. →____________, this old temple will be rebuilt. 2．She stood at the gate as if she was waiting for someone. →She stood at the gate ________________________． 3．Whether she is sick or well, she is always cheerful. →________________________, she is always cheerful. If possible as if waiting for someone Whether sick or well 返回导航 4．The burn that she got from the iron was red and it was very painful. →The burn ________________________ was red and ____________． 5．John will go abroad to travel but his brother will not go abroad to travel. →John will go abroad to travel but ________________________． 6．The security guard saw the thief enter the house. →The thief ________________________by the security guard. she got from the iron very painful his brother will not was seen to enter the house 返回导航 7．Only some of the students have done a first aid course but most of the students haven't done a first aid course. →Only some of the students have done a first aid course but ____________． 8．The winters in Hangzhou are not so mild as they are in Guangzhou. →The winters in Hangzhou are not so mild _________________． most haven't as in Guangzhou 返回导航 Ⅲ.写出下列句中能省略的部分 1．The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not to ride his bicycle in the street. ____________________________________ 2．I believe that she will help you and that you will succeed. _________ 3．I'll give you all that I have as long as you are happy. ____________ 第二个to后ride his bicycle in the street 第一个that that 返回导航 4．Whenever it is possible，he will come to my help. ____________ 5．Jack must have been playing football and Mary must have been doing her homework. ________________________ it is 第二个must have been 返回导航 $