专题02 阅读理解应用文（大题专练）（北京专用）2026年高考英语终极冲刺讲练测

专题02 阅读理解应用文 目录 命题·趋势·定位 1 热点·角度·拆解 3 析典例·建模型 4 （2025·北京·高考真题） 4 研考点·通技法 5 破类题·提能力 5 （2026·东城·期末） 5 刷模拟 8 （2026·西城·期末） 8 （2026·海淀·期末） 10 （2026·朝阳·期末） 11 （2026·丰台·期末） 13 刷真题 14 （2024·北京·高考真题） 14 （2023·北京·高考真题） 15 （2022·北京·高考真题） 16 （2021·北京·高考真题） 17 内容导航 【命题解码·定方向】命题趋势+3年高考真题热点角度拆解 【解题建模·通技法】析典例，建模型，技法贯通破类题/变式 【实战刷题·冲高分】精选高考大题+名校模拟题，强化实战能力，得高分 命题·趋势·定位 A篇真题，从选材特点、语篇结构、命题热点、常见设问形式四方面分析如下： 1. 选材特点 北京卷A篇固定为实用类应用文，是高考英语中最基础、信息最直白的阅读文本。 · 文体统一：均为活动介绍、项目招募、校园通知、实习说明等实用应用文。 · 主题贴近：聚焦青少年成长、校园学习、国际项目、职业规划，贴合高中生生活与认知。 · 语言直白：用词简洁、句式简短，无复杂修辞与长难句，以信息传递为核心。 · 形式规整：常搭配表格、项目符号、小标题，信息密度高且一目了然。 2. 语篇结构 采用模块化信息结构，逻辑清晰、层次分明，无复杂行文逻辑。 · 整体框架：总述核心内容 → 分模块列具体信息，先介绍项目/活动主旨，再拆分细则。 · 模块划分：以小标题（如Schedule、Requirements、Sign up、Programming Tracks）切割信息，分类呈现。 · 信息排布：按时间顺序、流程顺序、要求条目线性排列，无转折、因果等复杂逻辑。 · 辅助形式：高频使用表格、时间轴、项目符号，降低信息查找难度。 3. 命题热点 考点单一且固定，全部为事实细节理解题，无推理、主旨、词义等复杂考点。 · 核心考点：原文信息直接定位+同义替换，答案均能在文中找到原句对应。 · 高频考查点： · 活动/项目的具体内容、参与者可参与的事项； · 时间安排、参与要求、申请条件； · 报名/注册流程、需准备的材料、可获得的权益。 · 选项特征：以动宾短语为主，无过度推理、无无中生有干扰项。 4. 常见的设问形式 近5年设问句式高度固化，3道题目设问角度固定，均为特殊疑问句。 第1题（项目/活动内容）： In ..., students/participants will ________. ... allows ... to ________. 第2题（细节/要求/安排）： According to the schedule/requirements, ... ________. To ..., students are required to ________. 第3题（申请/准备/规则）： What ... need to do ...? Which is a requirement for ...? 热点·角度·拆解 2023-2025高考考点细目（阅读理解说明文） 卷别 词数 主题 话题 命题形式 2025・北京卷 A 篇 225 人与自我 校园学术讲座活动介绍与报名指南 细节理解题 2024・北京卷 A 篇 238 人与社会 社区文化志愿服务招募说明 细节理解题 2023・北京卷 A 篇 212 人与自我 青少年暑期研学旅行项目介绍 细节理解题 2022・北京卷 A 篇 220 人与社会 城市博物馆夜间开放活动通知 细节理解题 2021・北京卷 A 篇 215 人与自我 校园图书馆新书推荐与借阅规则 细节理解题 热点角度01 细节理解题 析典例·建模型 （2025·北京·高考真题） A Join us for TransForm, the interactive summer camp that helps you teens find your passion by participating in various activities and connecting with others. Experience TransForm TransForm allows you to get to focus on your chosen track through subject matter talks, hands-on workshops, and off-site experiences. However, if you are unsure what track you want, you still get to explore any workshop you want as part of our Explore Workshops. Besides, your parents will also be able to participate in workshops selected just for them to learn about cutting-edge science. Schedule of Programming 17 July Time Activities 14:00-15:00 Lead to Change Kick-off 15:00-16:30 Programme Showcase 16:30-18:00 Track Workshops 18 July Time Activities 9:30-11:00 Career Fireside Chats 13:00-14:15 Youth Panel 14:15-16:20 Track Keynotes 19 July Time Activities 8:00-12:00 Off-site Experiences 13:00-15:00 Gallery Viewing 15:15-16:45 Adult Workshops 20 July Time Activities 9:00-11:15 Explore Workshops 13:30-16:00 Keynote Speech 16:15-17:00 Celebration Programming Tracks ·Agricultural Science: Introducing you to areas such as biology, urban farming, and environmental science so that you can explore the field of agriculture ·Community Booster: Guiding you to develop innovative solutions for real-world challenges and create transformative progress to benefit all communities ·Healthy Living: Empowering you to make healthy decisions in such areas as nutrition and emotional well-being, and lead healthy lifestyles ·Science Lab: Leading you to explore the skills you need to succeed in life in key areas like computer science, robotics, and physics 21. TransForm allows the teens to____________. A. select workshops for their parents B. prepare track topics for the camp C. design programme activities D. attend hands-on sessions 22. According to the schedule, which activity can the teens participate in? A. Keynote Speech on 17 July. B. Youth Panel on 18 July. C. Celebration on 19 July. D. Programme Showcase on 20 July. 23. What can the teens do in the Programming Tracks? A. Build urban communities. B. Serve as guides on a farm. C. Learn about healthy living. D. Volunteer in a science lab. 研考点·通技法 细节理解题考查考生识别和理解具体信息的能力。不论哪类细节题，我们在弄清题目所问之后，均可通过以下三步解题： 第一步 确定定位词 在题干中确定一两个定位词 第二步 找到答题句 用定位词到原文中去找到含有定位词或其同义词所在的句子。认真研读该句或前后句子。 第三步 比较各选项 将四个选项与找到的答题句进行比较，选出与原文表述一致的正确选项。 破类题·提能力 （2026·东城·期末） A Visiting college campuses is your chance to see the campus in person. Imagine yourself there, gathering details you can't get from brochures or websites. Visits also make it easier to compare colleges and find the one that perfectly matches your preferences. To make the most of your visit, it's important to equip yourself with the necessary knowledge. · Pre-Visit Preparation Before your visit, it's essential to do your homework. Start by investigating the college's website and familiarizing yourself with their programs, admissions requirements, and campus culture. This will provide you with invaluable insights that will help you determine if the college matches your goals. Once you've made up your mind, schedule a visit. Make the trip during the academic year while classes are in session to experience the full campus atmosphere. · On-Campus Tour Once you're on campus, make sure to take advantage of the guided tour. It's an excellent way to learn about the campus and its history and traditions. During the tour, pay attention to any noteworthy features that catch your eye, such as the campus's overall layout and size, its facilities, the library or the athletic facilities. Most importantly, don't hesitate to ask questions. The tour guide is there to assist and address any inquiries or doubts. · Meeting with Admissions Officers Engaging with admissions officers is crucial. This presents an opportunity to gain deeper insights into the admissions process. It's essential to come with relevant questions about any doubts you may have. Familiarize yourself with the admissions process, deadlines, financial aid and required documents. Additionally, make sure to present yourself in the best light. Dress appropriately, be on time, and exhibit respect throughout the meeting. · Connecting with Students While exploring the campus, interact with current students to gain an insider's view of the college. Seek out present students and inquire about their experiences, both academic and extra-curricular. Inquire about the social environment, clubs and associations, and campus customs. This will provide you with valuable insights into the college's culture. 21. What is the first thing to do before visiting the campus? A. Explore the college's website. B. Look through college brochures. C. Make a course schedule. D. Book a guided campus tour. 22. To learn more about the admissions process, one needs to A. bring required documents B. prepare relevant questions C. make an appointment D. consult current students 23. The passage is intended to A. offer guidance B. introduce colleges C. share experiences D. promote campus tours 答案 21. A 22. B 23. A 解析 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，旨在为计划参观大学校园的学生提供实用指导，包括参观前准备、校园游览、与招生官沟通及与在读学生交流等关键环节，帮助学生充分利用校园参观机会选择合适的大学。 21. A 细节理解题。根据“Pre-Visit Preparation”部分“Start by investigating the college's website and familiarizing yourself with their programs, admissions requirements, and campus culture”可知，参观校园前的第一件事是浏览该大学的官网。B选项“查阅大学宣传册”与原文“gathering details you can't get from brochures”相悖；C选项“制定课程表”文中未提及；D选项“预约校园导览”是浏览官网后的后续步骤，并非首要任务，故选A。 22. B 细节理解题。根据“Meeting with Admissions Officers”部分“It's essential to come with relevant questions about any doubts you may have. Familiarize yourself with the admissions process...”可知，想要了解更多招生流程，需要准备相关问题。A选项“携带所需文件”是熟悉招生流程的内容之一，并非“了解流程”的前提；C选项“预约”文中未提及；D选项“咨询在读学生”是了解校园文化的方式，与招生流程无关，故选B。 23. A 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章围绕“如何充分利用校园参观”展开，从参观前准备、校园导览、与招生官沟通到与学生交流，均为实用指导建议。B选项“介绍大学”、C选项“分享经验”、D选项“推广校园参观”均未体现文章核心——提供参观指导，故选A。 （建议用时：45分钟） 刷模拟 A （2026·西城·期末） Do you listen to podcasts? Podcasts are radio shows that can take almost any form. They can be a news report or a one-act play; a formal interview or a friendly conversation; a fictional story or a book review. In our eighth annual Student Podcast Contest, we invite teenagers to submit original podcasts of five minutes or less. Your creation can be about anything that interests you, in any form that you like. Rules  You must be a student aged 13 to 18 in middle school or high school and have parent or guardian permission to participate.  Be sure to use non-copyrighted sound effects or music and list their sources in the submission form.  Upload your podcast to SoundCloud, a popular podcasting site, to make it easier for our judges to listen to your work.  Please be sure to check the length of your work before submitting. Just to be very clear, 5:01 is longer than five minutes. Resources for Participants  A unit plan on writing for podcasts, which includes writing clues to inspire your work; a sample text featuring past winners of our contest; a lesson plan that focuses on storytelling, interviewing, editing and producing.  A recorded online workshop on writing for podcasts, in which you’ll hear from a school librarian with experience teaching podcasting to students, our podcast producers and previous student winners of our contest.  Three short videos from two audio producers and one student contest winner-they share tips on how to plan and record meaningful podcasts. Evaluation Process Your work will be listened to by producers and journalists on the podcast team as well as by professional podcasters, educators and staff members from our website. Keep in mind that the work you send in should be appropriate for our audience-that is, something that could be published in a family newspaper. The winners will be announced about two months after the contest has ended and their works will be featured on our website. Unfortunately, our team does not have the capacity to provide individual feedback. 21. The participants are required to ______. A. email their work to the judges B. state the sources of music they use C. make a show over five minutes long D. work on the podcast with their parents 22. What resource is provided for the participants? A. Guidance on how to write for podcasts. B. Suggestions on how to teach podcasting. C. Short videos introducing previous winners. D. A workshop to experience recording podcasts. 23. After submission, all the works will be ______. A. posted on the official website B. published in a family newspaper C. provided with personalized comments D. assessed by professionals from various fields B （2026·海淀·期末） Gear up for Bike to School Day 2026 - a meaningful initiative that brings families together to reimagine the daily commute as a way to connect, stay healthy, and care for the environment. Whether you're an experienced cyclist or new to two-wheeled travel, this annual event goes beyond fun: it's a purposeful effort to add joy and responsibility to kids' routines, while building a commitment to planetary health. What Is Bike to School Day? Bike to School Day is a nationwide movement that encourages schools, families, and communities to prioritize active, non-motorized travel for kids. From cities to small towns, participating schools work toward nurturing physical health in children while easing traffic jams and cutting down on pollution from school-run cars. Beyond fresh air and exercise, this event helps people adopt a more mindful approach to daily travel, letting participants play a role in a culture focused on sustainability and public health. Key Details for the Day When: February 7- following regular school schedules while offering a refreshing break from routine. Where: Your local school; many group rides are organized from set meeting points -- check with your school or ride leader for specifics. What to bring: A well-kept bike, a properly fitted helmet (required for safety), a lock, and snacks or water to stay energized. T-shirts: All registered attendees get an exclusive branded T-shirt - not just a keepsake, but a visible sign of your commitment to redefining the school commute as a community experience. How and Why Getting involved is straightforward: fill out the online form to register as a participant. And you will get a chance to win a bike if you post your Bike to School Day journey on social media to share your experience with a wider community. It's time to cut back on car trips and embrace biking as a way to foster long-term healthy habits, reduce environmental impact, and build a shared sense of adventure. 21. What can we learn about the Bike to School Day? A. It is launched by local schools. B. Participants need to register in groups. C. Participants have to be experienced cyclists. D. It involves schools, families and communities. 22. What should participants do in advance? A. Fill out a paper application. B. Prepare a bike and a helmet. C. Share the event notice online. D. Ask for leave from the school. 23. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To propose a nationwide initiative. B. To highlight the benefits of cycling. C. To raise awareness of travelling green. D. To encourage participation in an event. C （2026·朝阳·期末） The Plantaform Indoor Garden is a 26-inch-tall egg-shaped smart garden that makes growing fresh, organic vegetables simple, all year round. With no need for sunlight or soil, just add water and nutrients, and the system’s autonomous features take care of the rest - monitoring water levels, temperature, and lighting, ensuring fresh food for home with little effort. How does the Plantaform work?  Nutrient Absorption: By creating a nutrient-rich fog from water and nutrients, the system delivers essential nutrition directly to the plants’ roots, resulting in healthier and faster-growing plants.  Built-in Technology: The Plantaform is equipped with sensors that monitor key environmental factors such as temperature, fan speed, and light levels. The smart LED lights in it can imitate (模仿) natural sunlight, ensuring your plants receive consistent lighting even during the darkest winter months, regardless of outdoor conditions. App-controlled: You can manage as many Plantaform Indoor Gardens as you wish from the same Plantaform Account. Whether at home or in a workplace, you can control all your gardens conveniently within the app, and receive tailored notifications: · when it’s time to remove the protective cover to allow your young plants to grow in the open air. · when it’s time to refill the water tanks, ensuring your plants always have enough water. · when your plants are ready to be harvested, so you can enjoy fresh produce at its peak. · when it’s time to run a Quick Cleaning Cycle after each growth cycle ends. · If you have further questions, please feel free to reach out to us at support@plantaform.com. We’re here to help you grow with confidence and success! 21. With the Plantaform, users can __________. A. operate a soil-based garden B. plant vegetables once a year C. harvest food with hard work D. grow plants without sunlight 22. How does the Plantaform work? A. It sends nutrition to the plants’ roots. B. It adjusts lighting to outdoor conditions. C. It examines the plants’ health with sensors. D. It requires separate accounts for each garden. 23. The Plantaform app will send a notification when __________. A. the water tank is too full B. the produce is perfectly ripe C. a Quick Cleaning Cycle ends D. the garden needs moving outside D （2026·丰台·期末） Six Books Compete for International Booker Prize Established in 2005, the International Booker Prize was originally given to an author for a lifetime of work but since 2016 has been awarded to a single book translated into English and published in Britain or Ireland. It comes with prize money of 50,000 pounds, about $64,000, which the winning author and translator share equally. This year’s shortlist includes: · Perfection by Vincent Latrony, translated from Italian by Sophie Huss: a book about an emigrant couple living in a trendy Berlin neighborhood and struggling to engage with life outside their bubble. · Remote Boat by Vinasse Deleton, translated from French by Helen Tompson: a fictionalized retelling of the 2021 sinking of a migrant boat during the journey from France to Britain, leading to 27 deaths. · Birds by Hiroaki Kawami, translated from Japanese by Ada Yomeda: a series of interconnected stories set in an imaginary future, in which the only remaining humans are produced in factories. · Head Lamp by Banham Muchimataq, translated from Kannada, a language spoken in southern India, by Deepak Bhasmithi: a collection of short stories about a girl in India dealing with family and community tensions. · A Tigercat-Skin Hat by Annemary Serra, translated from French by Mark Hupinson: a novel about the relationship between an unnamed narrator and a painful friend. Serra wrote the novel in a few months after the death of her sister. “I wanted to create a memorial to her, one that was as beautiful as possible,” Serra said. The judges will declare the winner on May 20 at a ceremony at Tate Museum in London. 21. What can we learn about the International Booker Prize? A. It is awarded to books translated from English. B. The prize honors British authors’ lifelong work. C. It is presented to the winner on May 20 annually. D. The winning author can get half of the prize money. 22. What do we know about the books? A. Remote Boat gives a factual account of a real-life story. B. Head Lamp presents Indian females’ family life tensions. C. A Tigercat-Skin Hat explores the relationship between sisters. D. Birds tells stories of factory-made humans in a fictional future. 23. Where could you probably read the article? A. In a brochure of awarded translators. B. In a newspaper’s cultural section. C. In an entertainment magazine. D. In an author interview series. 刷真题 A （2024·北京·高考真题） The Language Exchange Programme allows students in pairs to communicate in two different languages they wish to share and learn each week. Students record short entries after each partner meeting noting the language skills practised and the topics discussed. Each pair of students meets three times throughout the term with a teacher who decides if the exchange is effective. Students who successfully complete the programme will receive one credit each. Requirements for completion: •One welcoming session on the second Friday of the term •18 weekly one-hour pair meetings •Weekly progress reports for all pair meetings •At least three pair-teacher meetings •One five-minute final video Sign up! The sign-up and registration process is as follows: •Students sign up and indicate the languages they can share and languages they are interested in learning. •Based on the information entered by each student, potential pairs are identified. •Proficiency (熟练) levels are confirmed through coursework or placement tests. •Once a pair has been determined to be suitable, the students will be contacted individually with a special permission number to register for the programme. Reminders: Signing up for the programme does not automatically mean that you will be able to register and participate. Pairs are matched by languages of interest and proficiency levels. Since there are many factors involved in the pairing process, not all students who sign up will be matched with a partner and be able to register for the programme. 21. In the programme, students will _________. A. chair daily meetings B. evaluate the exchange C. meet teachers each week D. practise their language skills 22. To complete the programme, students are required to _________. A. development tests B. participate in pair meetings C. welcome new students D. work on weekly videos 23. What do students need to do during the registration? A. Indicate their languages of interest. B. Select their own coursework. C. Make individual contact. D. Choose their partners. B （2023·北京·高考真题） Sitting in the garden for my friend’s birthday. I felt a buzz (振动) in my pocket. My heart raced when I saw the email sender’s name. The email started off: “Dear Mr Green, thank you for your interest” and “the review process took longer than expected.” It ended with “We are sorry to inform you…” and my vision blurred (模糊). The position—measuring soil quality in the Sahara Desert as part of an undergraduate research programme — had felt like the answer I had spent years looking for. I had put so much time and emotional energy into applying, and I thought the rejection meant the end of the road for my science career. So I was shocked when, not long after the email, Professor Mary Devon, who was running the programme, invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. I jumped at the chance, and a few weeks later I was equally shocked—and overjoyed—when she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I could pursue in her lab. What she proposed didn’t seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to, but I was going to give it my all. I found myself working with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data from the desert remotely. That project, which I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat of the desert, not only survived the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn’t. In the end, I had a new scientific interest to pursue. When I applied to graduate school, I found three programmes promising to allow me to follow my desired research direction. And I applied with the same anxious excitement as before. When I was rejected from one that had seemed like a perfect fit, it was undoubtedly difficult. But this time I had the perspective (视角) to keep it from sending me into panic. It helped that in the end I was accepted into one of the other programmes I was also excited about. Rather than setting plans in stone, I’ve learned that sometimes I need to take the opportunities that are offered, even if they don’t sound perfect at the time, and make the most of them. 24. How did the author feel upon seeing the email sender’s name? A. Anxious. B. Angry. C. Surprised. D. Settled. 25. After talking with Professor Devon, the author decided to ________. A. criticise the review process B. stay longer in the Sahara Desert C. apply to the original project again D. put his heart and soul into the lab work 26. According to the author, the project with the robotics professor was ________. A. demanding B. inspiring C. misleading D. amusing 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. An invitation is a reputation. B. An innovation is a resolution. C. A rejection can be a redirection. D. A reflection can be a restriction. C （2022·北京·高考真题） Peer ( 同伴 ) Assisted Study Sessions (PASS) is a peer-facilitated learning programme available to students enrolled ( 注册 ) in most core units of study in our business school. PASS involves weekly sessions where you work in groups to tackle specially prepared problem sets, based around a unit of study you’re enrolled in. PASS doesn’t re-teach or deliver new content. It’s an opportunity to deepen your understanding of the key points from lecture materials while you are applying your skills to solve problems. You work interactively with your peers. As a peer group, you decide what is covered in each session. That way, PASS directly responds to your needs and feedback. Registration in Term 2 will open at 9 am, 21 September 2022. Waiting lists If a session is full you can register for the waiting list. We will email you if a place becomes available or if a new session is to be held. When you are placed on a waiting list, we will email you a number which tells you where you are on the list. If you are close to the front of the list, you have a good chance of gaining a place in the programme in the near future. Deregistering If you miss two PASS sessions in a row, you will be deregistered and your place will be given to someone on the waiting list. Make sure you fill in the attendance sheet at each session to record your attendance. You’ll be informed by email if you are being deregistered as a result of missing sessions. If you believe you have received the email in error, email the PASS office at passoffice@umbs. edu.. 21. In PASS, students ________. A. attend new lectures B. decide their own schedules C. prepare problem sets in groups D. use their skills to solve problems 22. What can students do if a session is full? A. Fill in the attendance sheet. B. Sign up for the waiting list. C. Report their needs and feedback. D. Email the office their numbers on the list. 23. Students will be deregistered if ________. A. they send emails in error B. they fail to work interactively C. they give their places to others D. they miss two sessions in a row E （2021·北京·高考真题） If you are planning to start a career in the field of education，science，or culture，then an internship（实习） at UNESCO will be ideal for you． Who can apply？  You have completed your full-time university studies；or．  You are studying in a graduate program for a master's degree．  Applicants in technical assignments must have reached the last year of their studies in a technical institution． What are the requirements？  You must be at least 20 years old．  You should have a good command （掌握） of either English or French．  You must have an excellent knowledge of office-related software．  You should be able to work well in a team and adapt to an international working environment．  You should possess strong interpersonal and communication skills． What do you need to prepare？  Visa：You should obtain the necessary visas．  Travel：You must arrange and finance your travel to and from the location where you will do your internship．  Medical insurance：You must show proof of a comprehensive health insurance valid（有效的）in the target country for the entire period of the internship．UNESCO will provide limited insurance coverage up to USD30,000 for the internship period．  Medical certificate：You must provide a medical certificate indicating you are fit to work．  Motivation letter：You should have your motivation letter ready before filling out the application form． Your application will be accessed by UNESCO managers and will stay in our database for six months．We do not respond to every candidate．If selected，you will be contacted by a manager．If you do not receive any update within six months，it means that your application has not been successful． 21. According to this passage，applicants are required to________． A. hold a master's degree in science B. have international work experience C. be fluent in either English or French D. present a letter from a technical institution 22. What will UNESCO provide for the internship period？ A. Limited medical insurance coverage． B. Training in communication skills． C. A medical certificate for work． D. Financial support for travel． 23. What should applicants do before filling out the application form？ A. Contact UNESCO managers． B. Get access to the database． C. Keep a motivation letter at hand． D. Work in a team for six months． 1 4 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 阅读理解应用文 目录 命题·趋势·定位 1 热点·角度·拆解 3 析典例·建模型 4 （2025·北京·高考真题） 4 研考点·通技法 6 破类题·提能力 6 （2026·东城·期末） 6 刷模拟 9 （2026·西城·期末） 9 （2026·海淀·期末） 11 （2026·朝阳·期末） 14 （2026·丰台·期末） 16 刷真题 18 （2025·北京·高考真题） 18 （2024·北京·高考真题） 20 （2023·北京·高考真题） 22 （2022·北京·高考真题） 24 （2021·北京·高考真题） 25 内容导航 【命题解码·定方向】命题趋势+3年高考真题热点角度拆解 【解题建模·通技法】析典例，建模型，技法贯通破类题/变式 【实战刷题·冲高分】精选高考大题+名校模拟题，强化实战能力，得高分 命题·趋势·定位 A篇真题，从选材特点、语篇结构、命题热点、常见设问形式四方面分析如下： 1. 选材特点 北京卷A篇固定为实用类应用文，是高考英语中最基础、信息最直白的阅读文本。 · 文体统一：均为活动介绍、项目招募、校园通知、实习说明等实用应用文。 · 主题贴近：聚焦青少年成长、校园学习、国际项目、职业规划，贴合高中生生活与认知。 · 语言直白：用词简洁、句式简短，无复杂修辞与长难句，以信息传递为核心。 · 形式规整：常搭配表格、项目符号、小标题，信息密度高且一目了然。 2. 语篇结构 采用模块化信息结构，逻辑清晰、层次分明，无复杂行文逻辑。 · 整体框架：总述核心内容 → 分模块列具体信息，先介绍项目/活动主旨，再拆分细则。 · 模块划分：以小标题（如Schedule、Requirements、Sign up、Programming Tracks）切割信息，分类呈现。 · 信息排布：按时间顺序、流程顺序、要求条目线性排列，无转折、因果等复杂逻辑。 · 辅助形式：高频使用表格、时间轴、项目符号，降低信息查找难度。 3. 命题热点 考点单一且固定，全部为事实细节理解题，无推理、主旨、词义等复杂考点。 · 核心考点：原文信息直接定位+同义替换，答案均能在文中找到原句对应。 · 高频考查点： · 活动/项目的具体内容、参与者可参与的事项； · 时间安排、参与要求、申请条件； · 报名/注册流程、需准备的材料、可获得的权益。 · 选项特征：以动宾短语为主，无过度推理、无无中生有干扰项。 4. 常见的设问形式 近5年设问句式高度固化，3道题目设问角度固定，均为特殊疑问句。 第1题（项目/活动内容）： In ..., students/participants will ________. ... allows ... to ________. 第2题（细节/要求/安排）： According to the schedule/requirements, ... ________. To ..., students are required to ________. 第3题（申请/准备/规则）： What ... need to do ...? Which is a requirement for ...? 热点·角度·拆解 2023-2025高考考点细目（阅读理解说明文） 卷别 词数 主题 话题 命题形式 2025・北京卷 A 篇 225 人与自我 校园学术讲座活动介绍与报名指南 细节理解题 2024・北京卷 A 篇 238 人与社会 社区文化志愿服务招募说明 细节理解题 2023・北京卷 A 篇 212 人与自我 青少年暑期研学旅行项目介绍 细节理解题 2022・北京卷 A 篇 220 人与社会 城市博物馆夜间开放活动通知 细节理解题 2021・北京卷 A 篇 215 人与自我 校园图书馆新书推荐与借阅规则 细节理解题 热点角度01 细节理解题 析典例·建模型 （2025·北京·高考真题） A Join us for TransForm, the interactive summer camp that helps you teens find your passion by participating in various activities and connecting with others. Experience TransForm TransForm allows you to get to focus on your chosen track through subject matter talks, hands-on workshops, and off-site experiences. However, if you are unsure what track you want, you still get to explore any workshop you want as part of our Explore Workshops. Besides, your parents will also be able to participate in workshops selected just for them to learn about cutting-edge science. Schedule of Programming 17 July Time Activities 14:00-15:00 Lead to Change Kick-off 15:00-16:30 Programme Showcase 16:30-18:00 Track Workshops 18 July Time Activities 9:30-11:00 Career Fireside Chats 13:00-14:15 Youth Panel 14:15-16:20 Track Keynotes 19 July Time Activities 8:00-12:00 Off-site Experiences 13:00-15:00 Gallery Viewing 15:15-16:45 Adult Workshops 20 July Time Activities 9:00-11:15 Explore Workshops 13:30-16:00 Keynote Speech 16:15-17:00 Celebration Programming Tracks ·Agricultural Science: Introducing you to areas such as biology, urban farming, and environmental science so that you can explore the field of agriculture ·Community Booster: Guiding you to develop innovative solutions for real-world challenges and create transformative progress to benefit all communities ·Healthy Living: Empowering you to make healthy decisions in such areas as nutrition and emotional well-being, and lead healthy lifestyles ·Science Lab: Leading you to explore the skills you need to succeed in life in key areas like computer science, robotics, and physics 21. TransForm allows the teens to____________. A. select workshops for their parents B. prepare track topics for the camp C. design programme activities D. attend hands-on sessions 22. According to the schedule, which activity can the teens participate in? A. Keynote Speech on 17 July. B. Youth Panel on 18 July. C. Celebration on 19 July. D. Programme Showcase on 20 July. 23. What can the teens do in the Programming Tracks? A. Build urban communities. B. Serve as guides on a farm. C. Learn about healthy living. D. Volunteer in a science lab. 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了青少年互动夏令营 TransForm 的相关信息，包括活动体验、日程安排以及课程方向等内容。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Experience TransForm”部分“TransForm allows you to get to focus on your chosen track through subject matter talks, hands-on workshops, and off - site experiences.(TransForm 让你通过主题演讲、实践工作坊和实地体验，专注于你选择的方向)” 可知，TransForm 允许青少年参加实践课程。故选D。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Schedule of Programming”中的安排，18 July 的活动安排里有“13:00 - 14:15 Youth Panel(13:00 - 14:15 青少年小组讨论)”，所以青少年可以在 18 日参加青少年小组讨论活动。故选B。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Programming Tracks”部分 “Healthy Living: Empowering you to make healthy decisions in such areas as nutrition and emotional well-being, and lead healthy lifestyles(健康生活：让你在营养和心理健康等方面做出健康的决定，并引领健康的生活方式)” 可知，青少年在Programming Tracks中可以学习关于健康生活的知识。故选C。 【解题建模】 第一步，确定定位词 第二步，找到答题句 第三步，比较各选项，最终选出正确答案。 研考点·通技法 细节理解题考查考生识别和理解具体信息的能力。不论哪类细节题，我们在弄清题目所问之后，均可通过以下三步解题： 第一步 确定定位词 在题干中确定一两个定位词 第二步 找到答题句 用定位词到原文中去找到含有定位词或其同义词所在的句子。认真研读该句或前后句子。 第三步 比较各选项 将四个选项与找到的答题句进行比较，选出与原文表述一致的正确选项。 破类题·提能力 （2026·东城·期末） A Visiting college campuses is your chance to see the campus in person. Imagine yourself there, gathering details you can't get from brochures or websites. Visits also make it easier to compare colleges and find the one that perfectly matches your preferences. To make the most of your visit, it's important to equip yourself with the necessary knowledge. · Pre-Visit Preparation Before your visit, it's essential to do your homework. Start by investigating the college's website and familiarizing yourself with their programs, admissions requirements, and campus culture. This will provide you with invaluable insights that will help you determine if the college matches your goals. Once you've made up your mind, schedule a visit. Make the trip during the academic year while classes are in session to experience the full campus atmosphere. · On-Campus Tour Once you're on campus, make sure to take advantage of the guided tour. It's an excellent way to learn about the campus and its history and traditions. During the tour, pay attention to any noteworthy features that catch your eye, such as the campus's overall layout and size, its facilities, the library or the athletic facilities. Most importantly, don't hesitate to ask questions. The tour guide is there to assist and address any inquiries or doubts. · Meeting with Admissions Officers Engaging with admissions officers is crucial. This presents an opportunity to gain deeper insights into the admissions process. It's essential to come with relevant questions about any doubts you may have. Familiarize yourself with the admissions process, deadlines, financial aid and required documents. Additionally, make sure to present yourself in the best light. Dress appropriately, be on time, and exhibit respect throughout the meeting. · Connecting with Students While exploring the campus, interact with current students to gain an insider's view of the college. Seek out present students and inquire about their experiences, both academic and extra-curricular. Inquire about the social environment, clubs and associations, and campus customs. This will provide you with valuable insights into the college's culture. 21. What is the first thing to do before visiting the campus? A. Explore the college's website. B. Look through college brochures. C. Make a course schedule. D. Book a guided campus tour. 22. To learn more about the admissions process, one needs to A. bring required documents B. prepare relevant questions C. make an appointment D. consult current students 23. The passage is intended to A. offer guidance B. introduce colleges C. share experiences D. promote campus tours 答案 21. A 22. B 23. A 解析 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，旨在为计划参观大学校园的学生提供实用指导，包括参观前准备、校园游览、与招生官沟通及与在读学生交流等关键环节，帮助学生充分利用校园参观机会选择合适的大学。 21. A 细节理解题。根据“Pre-Visit Preparation”部分“Start by investigating the college's website and familiarizing yourself with their programs, admissions requirements, and campus culture”可知，参观校园前的第一件事是浏览该大学的官网。B选项“查阅大学宣传册”与原文“gathering details you can't get from brochures”相悖；C选项“制定课程表”文中未提及；D选项“预约校园导览”是浏览官网后的后续步骤，并非首要任务，故选A。 22. B 细节理解题。根据“Meeting with Admissions Officers”部分“It's essential to come with relevant questions about any doubts you may have. Familiarize yourself with the admissions process...”可知，想要了解更多招生流程，需要准备相关问题。A选项“携带所需文件”是熟悉招生流程的内容之一，并非“了解流程”的前提；C选项“预约”文中未提及；D选项“咨询在读学生”是了解校园文化的方式，与招生流程无关，故选B。 23. A 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章围绕“如何充分利用校园参观”展开，从参观前准备、校园导览、与招生官沟通到与学生交流，均为实用指导建议。B选项“介绍大学”、C选项“分享经验”、D选项“推广校园参观”均未体现文章核心——提供参观指导，故选A。 （建议用时：45分钟） 刷模拟 A （2026·西城·期末） Do you listen to podcasts? Podcasts are radio shows that can take almost any form. They can be a news report or a one-act play; a formal interview or a friendly conversation; a fictional story or a book review. In our eighth annual Student Podcast Contest, we invite teenagers to submit original podcasts of five minutes or less. Your creation can be about anything that interests you, in any form that you like. Rules  You must be a student aged 13 to 18 in middle school or high school and have parent or guardian permission to participate.  Be sure to use non-copyrighted sound effects or music and list their sources in the submission form.  Upload your podcast to SoundCloud, a popular podcasting site, to make it easier for our judges to listen to your work.  Please be sure to check the length of your work before submitting. Just to be very clear, 5:01 is longer than five minutes. Resources for Participants  A unit plan on writing for podcasts, which includes writing clues to inspire your work; a sample text featuring past winners of our contest; a lesson plan that focuses on storytelling, interviewing, editing and producing.  A recorded online workshop on writing for podcasts, in which you’ll hear from a school librarian with experience teaching podcasting to students, our podcast producers and previous student winners of our contest.  Three short videos from two audio producers and one student contest winner-they share tips on how to plan and record meaningful podcasts. Evaluation Process Your work will be listened to by producers and journalists on the podcast team as well as by professional podcasters, educators and staff members from our website. Keep in mind that the work you send in should be appropriate for our audience-that is, something that could be published in a family newspaper. The winners will be announced about two months after the contest has ended and their works will be featured on our website. Unfortunately, our team does not have the capacity to provide individual feedback. 21. The participants are required to ______. A. email their work to the judges B. state the sources of music they use C. make a show over five minutes long D. work on the podcast with their parents 22. What resource is provided for the participants? A. Guidance on how to write for podcasts. B. Suggestions on how to teach podcasting. C. Short videos introducing previous winners. D. A workshop to experience recording podcasts. 23. After submission, all the works will be ______. A. posted on the official website B. published in a family newspaper C. provided with personalized comments D. assessed by professionals from various fields 答案 21. B 22. A 23. D 解析 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了第八届年度学生播客比赛的参赛规则、为参赛者提供的资源及评审流程，邀请13-18岁学生提交原创播客作品。 21. B 细节理解题。根据“Rules”部分“Be sure to use non-copyrighted sound effects or music and list their sources in the submission form”可知，参赛者需注明所使用音乐的来源。A选项“通过邮件向评委提交作品”与“Upload your podcast to SoundCloud”不符；C选项“制作超过5分钟的节目”与“five minutes or less”相悖；D选项“与父母合作制作播客”文中未提及，仅要求“have parent or guardian permission”（获得父母/监护人许可），故选B。 22. A 细节理解题。根据“Resources for Participants”部分“A unit plan on writing for podcasts, which includes writing clues to inspire your work... a lesson plan that focuses on storytelling, interviewing, editing and producing”可知，赛事为参赛者提供了播客写作相关指导。B选项“如何教授播客的建议”文中未提及；C选项“介绍往届获奖者的短视频”与“share tips on how to plan and record meaningful podcasts”不符，视频核心是分享制作技巧而非介绍获奖者；D选项“体验录制播客的工作坊”与“a recorded online workshop on writing for podcasts”不符，工作坊是录制好的线上内容，并非现场体验，故选A。 23. D 细节理解题。根据“Evaluation Process”部分“Your work will be listened to by producers and journalists on the podcast team as well as by professional podcasters, educators and staff members from our website”可知，所有作品将由来自不同领域的专业人士评审。A选项“发布在官网”仅针对获奖者作品；B选项“发表在家庭报纸上”是对作品内容的要求（需适合家庭报纸受众），并非实际发表；C选项“提供个性化评论”与“does not have the capacity to provide individual feedback”相悖，故选D。 B （2026·海淀·期末） Gear up for Bike to School Day 2026 - a meaningful initiative that brings families together to reimagine the daily commute as a way to connect, stay healthy, and care for the environment. Whether you're an experienced cyclist or new to two-wheeled travel, this annual event goes beyond fun: it's a purposeful effort to add joy and responsibility to kids' routines, while building a commitment to planetary health. What Is Bike to School Day? Bike to School Day is a nationwide movement that encourages schools, families, and communities to prioritize active, non-motorized travel for kids. From cities to small towns, participating schools work toward nurturing physical health in children while easing traffic jams and cutting down on pollution from school-run cars. Beyond fresh air and exercise, this event helps people adopt a more mindful approach to daily travel, letting participants play a role in a culture focused on sustainability and public health. Key Details for the Day When: February 7- following regular school schedules while offering a refreshing break from routine. Where: Your local school; many group rides are organized from set meeting points -- check with your school or ride leader for specifics. What to bring: A well-kept bike, a properly fitted helmet (required for safety), a lock, and snacks or water to stay energized. T-shirts: All registered attendees get an exclusive branded T-shirt - not just a keepsake, but a visible sign of your commitment to redefining the school commute as a community experience. How and Why Getting involved is straightforward: fill out the online form to register as a participant. And you will get a chance to win a bike if you post your Bike to School Day journey on social media to share your experience with a wider community. It's time to cut back on car trips and embrace biking as a way to foster long-term healthy habits, reduce environmental impact, and build a shared sense of adventure. 21. What can we learn about the Bike to School Day? A. It is launched by local schools. B. Participants need to register in groups. C. Participants have to be experienced cyclists. D. It involves schools, families and communities. 22. What should participants do in advance? A. Fill out a paper application. B. Prepare a bike and a helmet. C. Share the event notice online. D. Ask for leave from the school. 23. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To propose a nationwide initiative. B. To highlight the benefits of cycling. C. To raise awareness of travelling green. D. To encourage participation in an event. 答案 21. D 22. B 23. D 解析 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了2026年“骑车上学日”活动的性质、核心意义、关键细节及参与方式，旨在鼓励家庭、学校和社区共同参与这一绿色出行活动。 21. D 细节理解题。根据“What Is Bike to School Day?”部分“a nationwide movement that encourages schools, families, and communities to prioritize active, non-motorized travel for kids”可知，该活动涉及学校、家庭和社区。A选项“由当地学校发起”文中未提及，仅说明“participating schools work toward...”（参与学校致力于……）；B选项“需组团注册”与“fill out the online form to register as a participant”不符，支持个人注册；C选项“必须是有经验的骑行者”与“Whether you're an experienced cyclist or new to two-wheeled travel”相悖，新手也可参与，故选D。 22. B 细节理解题。根据“Key Details for the Day”部分“What to bring: A well-kept bike, a properly fitted helmet (required for safety), a lock, and snacks or water to stay energized”可知，参与者需提前准备自行车和头盔。A选项“填写纸质申请表”与“fill out the online form”不符；C选项“在网上分享活动通知”是获得抽奖机会的方式，并非必做准备；D选项“向学校请假”与“following regular school schedules”相悖，活动贴合正常上课时间，无需请假，故选B。 23. D 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章开篇号召“Gear up for Bike to School Day 2025”，后文详细介绍活动意义、细节及参与方式，核心目的是鼓励人们参与该活动。A选项“提出一项全国性倡议”，该活动已是年度常规活动，并非首次提出；B选项“强调骑行的好处”是活动的附加价值，并非核心目的；C选项“提高绿色出行意识”是活动意义之一，而非写作目的，故选D。 C （2026·朝阳·期末） The Plantaform Indoor Garden is a 26-inch-tall egg-shaped smart garden that makes growing fresh, organic vegetables simple, all year round. With no need for sunlight or soil, just add water and nutrients, and the system’s autonomous features take care of the rest - monitoring water levels, temperature, and lighting, ensuring fresh food for home with little effort. How does the Plantaform work?  Nutrient Absorption: By creating a nutrient-rich fog from water and nutrients, the system delivers essential nutrition directly to the plants’ roots, resulting in healthier and faster-growing plants.  Built-in Technology: The Plantaform is equipped with sensors that monitor key environmental factors such as temperature, fan speed, and light levels. The smart LED lights in it can imitate (模仿) natural sunlight, ensuring your plants receive consistent lighting even during the darkest winter months, regardless of outdoor conditions. App-controlled: You can manage as many Plantaform Indoor Gardens as you wish from the same Plantaform Account. Whether at home or in a workplace, you can control all your gardens conveniently within the app, and receive tailored notifications: · when it’s time to remove the protective cover to allow your young plants to grow in the open air. · when it’s time to refill the water tanks, ensuring your plants always have enough water. · when your plants are ready to be harvested, so you can enjoy fresh produce at its peak. · when it’s time to run a Quick Cleaning Cycle after each growth cycle ends. · If you have further questions, please feel free to reach out to us at support@plantaform.com. We’re here to help you grow with confidence and success! 21. With the Plantaform, users can __________. A. operate a soil-based garden B. plant vegetables once a year C. harvest food with hard work D. grow plants without sunlight 22. How does the Plantaform work? A. It sends nutrition to the plants’ roots. B. It adjusts lighting to outdoor conditions. C. It examines the plants’ health with sensors. D. It requires separate accounts for each garden. 23. The Plantaform app will send a notification when __________. A. the water tank is too full B. the produce is perfectly ripe C. a Quick Cleaning Cycle ends D. the garden needs moving outside 答案 21. D 22. A 23. B 解析 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一款名为Plantaform的智能室内花园，阐述其无需阳光和土壤、可全年种植有机蔬菜的特点，详解其工作原理及手机APP控制功能。 21. D 细节理解题。根据第一段“With no need for sunlight or soil, just add water and nutrients, and the system’s autonomous features take care of the rest”可知，该设备无需阳光即可种植植物。A选项“操作基于土壤的花园”与“no need for... soil”相悖；B选项“每年种植一次蔬菜”与“all year round”不符，可全年种植；C选项“需辛苦劳作才能收获食物”与“ensuring fresh food for home with little effort”相悖，无需费力，故选D。 22. A 细节理解题。根据“How does the Plantaform work?”部分“By creating a nutrient-rich fog from water and nutrients, the system delivers essential nutrition directly to the plants’ roots”可知，该设备通过生成营养雾将养分直接输送到植物根部。B选项“根据室外条件调整光照”与“smart LED lights... imitate natural sunlight... regardless of outdoor conditions”不符，光照不受室外影响；C选项“用传感器检测植物健康”与“sensors that monitor key environmental factors such as temperature, fan speed, and light levels”不符，传感器监测环境因素而非植物健康；D选项“每个花园需单独账户”与“manage as many Plantaform Indoor Gardens as you wish from the same Plantaform Account”相悖，同一账户可管理多个花园，故选A。 3. B 细节理解题。根据“App-controlled”部分“when your plants are ready to be harvested, so you can enjoy fresh produce at its peak”可知，当作物完全成熟可收获时，APP会发送通知。A选项“水箱过满”文中未提及，仅通知“refill the water tanks”（加水）；C选项“快速清洁周期结束”与“when it’s time to run a Quick Cleaning Cycle”不符，通知的是“开始”清洁，而非“结束”；D选项“花园需要移至室外”与“remove the protective cover to allow your young plants to grow in the open air”不符，是移除保护罩而非移动花园，故选B。 D （2026·丰台·期末） Six Books Compete for International Booker Prize Established in 2005, the International Booker Prize was originally given to an author for a lifetime of work but since 2016 has been awarded to a single book translated into English and published in Britain or Ireland. It comes with prize money of 50,000 pounds, about $64,000, which the winning author and translator share equally. This year’s shortlist includes: · Perfection by Vincent Latrony, translated from Italian by Sophie Huss: a book about an emigrant couple living in a trendy Berlin neighborhood and struggling to engage with life outside their bubble. · Remote Boat by Vinasse Deleton, translated from French by Helen Tompson: a fictionalized retelling of the 2021 sinking of a migrant boat during the journey from France to Britain, leading to 27 deaths. · Birds by Hiroaki Kawami, translated from Japanese by Ada Yomeda: a series of interconnected stories set in an imaginary future, in which the only remaining humans are produced in factories. · Head Lamp by Banham Muchimataq, translated from Kannada, a language spoken in southern India, by Deepak Bhasmithi: a collection of short stories about a girl in India dealing with family and community tensions. · A Tigercat-Skin Hat by Annemary Serra, translated from French by Mark Hupinson: a novel about the relationship between an unnamed narrator and a painful friend. Serra wrote the novel in a few months after the death of her sister. “I wanted to create a memorial to her, one that was as beautiful as possible,” Serra said. The judges will declare the winner on May 20 at a ceremony at Tate Museum in London. 21. What can we learn about the International Booker Prize? A. It is awarded to books translated from English. B. The prize honors British authors’ lifelong work. C. It is presented to the winner on May 20 annually. D. The winning author can get half of the prize money. 22. What do we know about the books? A. Remote Boat gives a factual account of a real-life story. B. Head Lamp presents Indian females’ family life tensions. C. A Tigercat-Skin Hat explores the relationship between sisters. D. Birds tells stories of factory-made humans in a fictional future. 23. Where could you probably read the article? A. In a brochure of awarded translators. B. In a newspaper’s cultural section. C. In an entertainment magazine. D. In an author interview series. 答案 21. D 22. D 23. B 解析 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了国际布克奖的历史变迁、奖项设置，公布了本年度入围短名单的5部作品详情及获奖公布时间。 21. D 细节理解题。根据第一段“prize money of 50,000 pounds... which the winning author and translator share equally”可知，获奖作者可获得一半奖金。A选项“授予从英语翻译而来的作品”与“translated into English”相悖，是译为英语的作品；B选项“表彰英国作家的终身成就”与“originally given to an author for a lifetime of work but since 2016 has been awarded to a single book”不符，2016年后不再授予终身成就；C选项“每年5月20日颁奖”文中仅提及“this year”（本年度）的颁奖时间，未说明“每年”均为该日期，故选D。 22. D 细节理解题。根据短名单介绍“Birds... set in an imaginary future, in which the only remaining humans are produced in factories”可知，《Birds》讲述了虚构未来中工厂培育人类的故事。A选项“《Remote Boat》如实记录真实故事”与“a fictionalized retelling”不符，是虚构化重述；B选项“《Head Lamp》呈现印度女性的家庭生活矛盾”与“a girl in India dealing with family and community tensions”不符，未限定“女性”，仅提及“女孩”；C选项“《A Tigercat-Skin Hat》探索姐妹关系”与“the relationship between an unnamed narrator and a painful friend”不符，是叙述者与朋友的关系，并非姐妹，故选D。 23. B 推理判断题。文章围绕国际布克奖入围名单展开，属于文化领域新闻，最可能刊登在报纸的文化版块。A选项“获奖译者手册”、C选项“娱乐杂志”、D选项“作者访谈系列”均与文章核心内容（奖项入围名单）不符，故选B。 刷真题 A （2025·北京·高考真题） The Language Exchange Programme allows students in pairs to communicate in two different languages they wish to share and learn each week. Students record short entries after each partner meeting noting the language skills practised and the topics discussed. Each pair of students meets three times throughout the term with a teacher who decides if the exchange is effective. Students who successfully complete the programme will receive one credit each. Requirements for completion: •One welcoming session on the second Friday of the term •18 weekly one-hour pair meetings •Weekly progress reports for all pair meetings •At least three pair-teacher meetings •One five-minute final video Sign up! The sign-up and registration process is as follows: •Students sign up and indicate the languages they can share and languages they are interested in learning. •Based on the information entered by each student, potential pairs are identified. •Proficiency (熟练) levels are confirmed through coursework or placement tests. •Once a pair has been determined to be suitable, the students will be contacted individually with a special permission number to register for the programme. Reminders: Signing up for the programme does not automatically mean that you will be able to register and participate. Pairs are matched by languages of interest and proficiency levels. Since there are many factors involved in the pairing process, not all students who sign up will be matched with a partner and be able to register for the programme. 21. In the programme, students will _________. A. chair daily meetings B. evaluate the exchange C. meet teachers each week D. practise their language skills 22. To complete the programme, students are required to _________. A. development tests B. participate in pair meetings C. welcome new students D. work on weekly videos 23. What do students need to do during the registration? A. Indicate their languages of interest. B. Select their own coursework. C. Make individual contact. D. Choose their partners. 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一项语言交流项目的基本情况以及它的要求、报名和注册流程以及注意事项的相关信息。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The Language Exchange Programme allows students in pairs to communicate in two different languages they wish to share and learn each week. Students record short entries after each partner meeting noting the language skills practised and the topics discussed.(语言交流项目让学生们两人一组，每周用他们希望分享和学习的两种不同的语言进行交流。学生们在每次搭档会议后记录简短的条目，指出所练习的语言技能和讨论的主题)”可知，在这个项目中，学生们将练习他们的语言技能。故选D。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Requirements for completion部分第二点“18 weekly one-hour pair meetings(每周18次一小时的配对会议)”可知，为了完成该项目，学生们被要求参加配对会议。故选B。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据Sign up部分第一点“Students sign up and indicate the languages they can share and languages they are interested in learning.(学生们报名参加并表明他们可以分享的语言以及他们有兴趣学习的语言)”可知，学生们在注册期间需要表明他们感兴趣的语言。故选A。 B （2024·北京·高考真题） The International Olympic Committee(IOC)Young Leaders programme empowers talents to make a positive difference in their communities through sport. Twenty-five Young Leaders are being selected every two years for a four-year period. They promote the Olympic values, spreading the message of sport for good. To be an IOC Young Leader, you need to first complete the 4-Week Learning Sprint (冲刺). 4-Week Learning Sprint The 4-Week Learning Sprint, which will take place during November 2023, is a virtual learning programme. The sessions can be attended live or watched back after they are made available on the IOC channel. Each week, participants will be asked to complete a topic﹣specific reflection task. The 4-Week Learning Sprint is open to anyone, with the target audience aged between 20 and 28. After successfully completing the 4-Week Learning Sprint, you will need to submit a plan for a sport﹣based project, which you will work on if selected as an IOC Young Leader. Requirements for the Applicants •You have successfully completed the 4-Week Learning Sprint •You have completed your high school studies. •You have at least one year of work experience. •You have strong public speaking skills. •You are self-motivated and committed. •You are passionate about creating positive change in your community. •You are open to being coached and advised by experts and peers (同伴). •You are able to work with people from different backgrounds. 21. In the 4-Week Learning Sprint, participants will ________. A. create change in their community B. attend a virtual learning programme C. meet people from different backgrounds D. promote the IOC Young Leaders project 22. If selected as an IOC Young Leader, one will need to ________. A. complete a reflection task each week B. watch sports on the IOC channel C. work on a sport-based project D. coach and advise their peers 23. Which is a requirement for the applicants? A. Spreading the message of sport for good. B. Having at least one-year work experience. C. Showing great passion for project planning. D. Committing themselves to becoming an expert. 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个成为国际奥委会青年领袖的项目以及要求。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据4-Week Learning Sprint部分中“The 4-Week Learning Sprint, which will take place during November 2023, is a virtual learning programme. The sessions can be attended live or watched back after they are made available on the IOC channel. (为期4周的学习冲刺是一个虚拟学习计划，将于2023年11月进行。这些会议可以现场观看，也可以在IOC频道播出后观看)”可知，在为期四周的学习冲刺中，参与者将参加虚拟学习课程。故选B。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据4-Week Learning Sprint部分中“After successfully completing the 4-Week Learning Sprint, you will need to submit a plan for a sport﹣based project, which you will work on if selected as an IOC Young Leader. (在成功完成为期4周的冲刺学习后，您需要提交一份以体育为基础的项目计划，如果您被选为国际奥委会青年领袖，您将参与其中)”可知，如果被选为国际奥委会青年领袖，需要做一个以运动为基础的项目。故选C。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据Requirements for the Applicants部分中“You have at least one year of work experience. (你至少有一年的工作经验)”可知，对申请人的要求是至少一年工作经验。故选B。 【点睛】 C （2023·北京·高考真题） Sitting in the garden for my friend’s birthday. I felt a buzz (振动) in my pocket. My heart raced when I saw the email sender’s name. The email started off: “Dear Mr Green, thank you for your interest” and “the review process took longer than expected.” It ended with “We are sorry to inform you…” and my vision blurred (模糊). The position—measuring soil quality in the Sahara Desert as part of an undergraduate research programme — had felt like the answer I had spent years looking for. I had put so much time and emotional energy into applying, and I thought the rejection meant the end of the road for my science career. So I was shocked when, not long after the email, Professor Mary Devon, who was running the programme, invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. I jumped at the chance, and a few weeks later I was equally shocked—and overjoyed—when she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I could pursue in her lab. What she proposed didn’t seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to, but I was going to give it my all. I found myself working with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data from the desert remotely. That project, which I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat of the desert, not only survived the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn’t. In the end, I had a new scientific interest to pursue. When I applied to graduate school, I found three programmes promising to allow me to follow my desired research direction. And I applied with the same anxious excitement as before. When I was rejected from one that had seemed like a perfect fit, it was undoubtedly difficult. But this time I had the perspective (视角) to keep it from sending me into panic. It helped that in the end I was accepted into one of the other programmes I was also excited about. Rather than setting plans in stone, I’ve learned that sometimes I need to take the opportunities that are offered, even if they don’t sound perfect at the time, and make the most of them. 24. How did the author feel upon seeing the email sender’s name? A. Anxious. B. Angry. C. Surprised. D. Settled. 25. After talking with Professor Devon, the author decided to ________. A. criticise the review process B. stay longer in the Sahara Desert C. apply to the original project again D. put his heart and soul into the lab work 26. According to the author, the project with the robotics professor was ________. A. demanding B. inspiring C. misleading D. amusing 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. An invitation is a reputation. B. An innovation is a resolution. C. A rejection can be a redirection. D. A reflection can be a restriction. 【答案】24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章中作者结合自己被拒绝后得到了更好职业发展机会，告诉我们最初的拒绝给予了更好的方向。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“My heart raced when I saw the email sender’s name. The email started off: “Dear Mr Green, thank you for your interest” and “the review process took longer than expected.” It ended with “We are sorry to inform you…”and my vision blurred (模糊). (当我看到邮件发件人的名字时，我的心跳加速了。这封邮件是这样开头的：“亲爱的格林先生，感谢您的关注”，“审核过程比预期的要长。”信的结尾是“我们很抱歉地通知你……”，我的视线模糊了)”可知，收到的是被拒绝的邮件，所以推测作者在看到电子邮件发件人的名字时感到焦虑。故选A。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“So I was shocked when, not long after the email, Professor Mary Devon, who was running the programme, invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. I jumped at the chance, and a few weeks later I was equally shocked—and overjoyed—when she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I could pursue in her lab. What she proposed didn’t seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to, but I was going to give it my all. (因此，当我收到这封邮件后不久，负责这个项目的玛丽·德文教授邀请我去她的实验室观察正在进行的工作时，我感到非常震惊。我欣然接受了这个机会，几周后，当她邀请我和她谈谈我可以在她的实验室里从事的潜在项目时，我同样感到震惊——同时也是欣喜若狂。她提出的建议似乎没有我最初申请的项目那么令人兴奋，但我打算全力以赴)”可知，与德文教授交谈后，作者决定全心全意地投入实验室工作。故选D。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“I found myself working with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data from the desert remotely. That project, which I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat of the desert, not only survived the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn’t. In the end, I had a new scientific interest to pursue. (我发现自己和一个机器人教授一起研究从沙漠中远程收集数据的技术。我可以在沙发上完成这个项目，而不是在沙漠的酷热中完成，它不仅在封锁期间幸存下来，而且在传统方法不奏效的地方也奏效了。最后，我有了新的科学兴趣去追求)”可推知，机器人学教授的项目很鼓舞人心。故选B。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Rather than setting plans in stone, I’ve learned that sometimes I need to take the opportunities that are offered, even if they don’t sound perfect at the time, and make the most of them. (我明白了有时候我需要抓住提供的机会，即使这些机会在当时听起来并不完美，也要充分利用，而不是一成不变地制定计划)”结合文章中作者结合自己被拒绝后得到了更好的职业发展机会，告诉我们最初的拒绝给予了更好的方向。故C选项“拒绝可以是重定向”最符合文章的主旨。故选C。 【点睛】 D （2022·北京·高考真题） Peer ( 同伴 ) Assisted Study Sessions (PASS) is a peer-facilitated learning programme available to students enrolled ( 注册 ) in most core units of study in our business school. PASS involves weekly sessions where you work in groups to tackle specially prepared problem sets, based around a unit of study you’re enrolled in. PASS doesn’t re-teach or deliver new content. It’s an opportunity to deepen your understanding of the key points from lecture materials while you are applying your skills to solve problems. You work interactively with your peers. As a peer group, you decide what is covered in each session. That way, PASS directly responds to your needs and feedback. Registration in Term 2 will open at 9 am, 21 September 2022. Waiting lists If a session is full you can register for the waiting list. We will email you if a place becomes available or if a new session is to be held. When you are placed on a waiting list, we will email you a number which tells you where you are on the list. If you are close to the front of the list, you have a good chance of gaining a place in the programme in the near future. Deregistering If you miss two PASS sessions in a row, you will be deregistered and your place will be given to someone on the waiting list. Make sure you fill in the attendance sheet at each session to record your attendance. You’ll be informed by email if you are being deregistered as a result of missing sessions. If you believe you have received the email in error, email the PASS office at passoffice@umbs. edu.. 21. In PASS, students ________. A. attend new lectures B. decide their own schedules C. prepare problem sets in groups D. use their skills to solve problems 22. What can students do if a session is full? A. Fill in the attendance sheet. B. Sign up for the waiting list. C. Report their needs and feedback. D. Email the office their numbers on the list. 23. Students will be deregistered if ________. A. they send emails in error B. they fail to work interactively C. they give their places to others D. they miss two sessions in a row 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了同伴辅助学习课程(PASS)。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“It’s an opportunity to deepen your understanding of the key points from lecture materials while you are applying your skills to solve problems.（这是一个机会，在你运用技能解决问题的同时，加深你对课堂材料关键点的理解。）”可知，在同伴辅助学习课程中，学生运用技能解决问题。故选D。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Waiting lists部分“If a session is full, you can register for the waiting list.（如果课程满员，您可以注册等待列表。）”可知，如果某一课程满员，可以注册等待列表。故选B。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据Deregistering部分“If you miss two PASS sessions in a row, you will be deregistered and your place will be given to someone on the waiting list.（如果您连续错过两次课程，您将被取消注册，你的位置将分配给等待名单上的某个人。）”可知，如果学生连续错过两次课程，将被取消注册。故选D。 E （2021·北京·高考真题） If you are planning to start a career in the field of education，science，or culture，then an internship（实习） at UNESCO will be ideal for you． Who can apply？  You have completed your full-time university studies；or．  You are studying in a graduate program for a master's degree．  Applicants in technical assignments must have reached the last year of their studies in a technical institution． What are the requirements？  You must be at least 20 years old．  You should have a good command （掌握） of either English or French．  You must have an excellent knowledge of office-related software．  You should be able to work well in a team and adapt to an international working environment．  You should possess strong interpersonal and communication skills． What do you need to prepare？  Visa：You should obtain the necessary visas．  Travel：You must arrange and finance your travel to and from the location where you will do your internship．  Medical insurance：You must show proof of a comprehensive health insurance valid（有效的）in the target country for the entire period of the internship．UNESCO will provide limited insurance coverage up to USD30,000 for the internship period．  Medical certificate：You must provide a medical certificate indicating you are fit to work．  Motivation letter：You should have your motivation letter ready before filling out the application form． Your application will be accessed by UNESCO managers and will stay in our database for six months．We do not respond to every candidate．If selected，you will be contacted by a manager．If you do not receive any update within six months，it means that your application has not been successful． 21. According to this passage，applicants are required to________． A. hold a master's degree in science B. have international work experience C. be fluent in either English or French D. present a letter from a technical institution 22. What will UNESCO provide for the internship period？ A. Limited medical insurance coverage． B. Training in communication skills． C. A medical certificate for work． D. Financial support for travel． 23. What should applicants do before filling out the application form？ A. Contact UNESCO managers． B. Get access to the database． C. Keep a motivation letter at hand． D. Work in a team for six months． 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲的是联合国教科文组织的实习项目。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据What are the requirements？部分的You should have a good command （掌握） of either English or French（你应该精通英语或法语）可知，申请者必须精通英语或法语，故选C。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据What do you need to prepare？部分的UNESCO will provide limited insurance coverage up to USD30,000 for the internship period（联合国教科文组织将为实习期间提供不超过3万美元的有限保险）可知，教科文组织为实习期间提供有限的医疗保险，故选A。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的You should have your motivation letter ready before filling out the application form（在填写申请表之前，你应该准备好你的动机信）可知，在填写申请表之前，申请人应将动机信放在手边，故选C。 1 4 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 专题02阅读理解应用文 （建议用时：45分钟） 刷模拟 2026·西城·期末：21B 22A 23D 2026·海淀·期末：21D 22B 23D 2026·朝阳·期末：21D 22A 23B 2026·丰台·期末：21D 22D 23B 刷真题 2025·北京·高考真题：21D 22B 23A 2024·北京·高考真题：21B 22C 23B 2023·北京·高考真题：24A 25D 26B 27C 2022·北京·高考真题：21D 22B 23D 2021·北京·高考真题：21C 22A 23C 1 4 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $