专题02 核心语法：被动语态和情态动词易错题专练80题（Units 1-3）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下学期期中总复习押题预测（外研版）

2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语核心题型讲通练透系列资料，名师甄选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语核心题型讲通练透系列资料，名师甄选！ 专题02 核心语法：被动语态和情态动词易错题专练80题（Units 1-3） 建议用时：30分钟 实际用时： 分钟 一、单项选择 1．—Can we ________ a walk to relax now? —Yes, let’s go. A．take B．to take C．taking D．takes 2．Paper ________ by Cai Lun in ancient China more than 1900 years ago. A．invented B．is invented C．was invented D．invents 3．The characters and plots in fiction are ______. A．real B．made up C．old D．new 4．—I don’t know how to deal with the new school life. —You ________ talk to your teacher. She is always ready to help you. A．should B．couldn’t C．needn’t D．mustn’t 5．You’d better ________ a doctor if you have a fever for more than three days. A．to see B．see C．seeing D．saw 6．New soccer textbooks ________ to China primary and middle schools at the beginning of the autumn semester this year. A．are introduced B．was introduced C．will be introduced D．must be introduced 7．If you ________ the law in San Francisco, you ________ with a fine. A．break; will punish B．break; will be punished C．will break; punish D．will break; are punished 8．A Chinese painting show ________ in the school art room next Friday afternoon. A．holds B．is held C．held D．will be held 9．It is said that the famous singer ________ to our city next week. A．will invite B．will be invited C．invited D．was invited 10．It is reported that a new park ________ to the public next year. A．will open B．will be opened C．is opened D．opens 11．Will cashiers ________ by machines in supermarkets? A．replace B．replaced C．be replaced D．replaces 12．A first aid class ________ in our school next Friday afternoon. A．teaches B．is taught C．will teach D．will be taught 13．The space exhibition ________ by the school’s Space Club next month. A．is organized B．was organized C．will be organized D．organized 14．A sports meeting ________ in our school last month. A．holds B．held C．is held D．was held 15．—Why couldn’t Gulliver move? —Because his body ______ to the ground. A．tied B．was tied C．ties D．is tying 16．This artwork was ________ a famous artist of the Ming Dynasty. A．painted by B．painting C．paint D．paint by 17．A speech on AI technology ________ at the Tech Festival last weekend. A．will be given B．has been given C．was given D．is given 18．—Look! The new gym looks so modern. —Yes. It ________ last year to encourage more people to exercise. A．built B．was built C．has built D．has been built 19．—The beautiful handicraft on the table looks so special. Who made it? —It_________ by my grandmother. She’s very skillful. A．makes B．made C．is made D．was made 20．The short film Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother ________ by the famous artist Qi Baishi. A．influences B．influenced C．is influenced D．was influenced 21．The charity organization ______ by a group of local business owners to help homeless families in the city. A．found B．founded C．was found D．was founded 22．Nowadays, most animated films _______ by hand. A．are not drawn B．is not drawn C．not drawn D．don’t draw 23．Amber ________ as a window on the past. It helps us unlock nature’s secrets. A．is regarded B．regards C．regarded D．will be regarded 24．X-ray machines __________ widely in hospitals now. A．use B．are used C．used D．were used 25．A new kind of robot ________ to help with housework by the company. A．invented B．invents C．is invented D．was inventing 26．English ________ in many countries around the world every day. A．speak B．speaks C．is spoken D．is speaking 27．Many trees ________ on the mountains every year. A．plant B．are planted C．planted D．were planted 28．I ________ to give a career talk in our school next week. I’m preparing for it now. A．invite B．am invited C．will invite D．will be invited 29．—World Animal Day is on October 4th every year. —Many activities ________ to improve the relationship between humans and animals on this day. A．hold B．is held C．are held D．will hold 30．—Why ________ the sports meeting ________ in our school every spring? —Because it can make us take more exercise. A．is; held B．does; hold C．is; holding D．do; hold 31．—I have a sore back. ________ should I do? —I think you ________ get some rest. A．What; shouldn’t B．What; should C．How; shouldn’t D．How; should 32．-Must I finish the report today?   -No, you ________. You can hand it in tomorrow. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t 33．—Can teenagers under 18 drive a car in your country?   —No. According to the law, they _________. A．may not B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t 34．—Mum, I don’t want to apologise to my brother.   —I’m afraid you _________. You broke his model plane. A．may B．have to C．mustn’t D．needn’t 35．It is a rule that visitors _________ feed the animals in the zoo. A．wouldn’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．couldn’t 36．—Are we allowed to use our phones during the exam?   —No, you _________. It is strictly forbidden. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．couldn’t D．shouldn’t 37．—Excuse me, _________ I park my car here for a while? —Sorry, you _________. This is a no-parking area. A．must; mustn’t B．may; can’t C．can; needn’t D．could; won’t 38．— I want to help my friend with her math, but she’s too shy to ask for help. — You ________ talk to her gently first to make her feel comfortable. A．should B．can C．may D．need 39．—Would you mind my opening the window? —________. I feel a bit cold. A．Of course not B．Better not C．Never mind D．Go ahead 40．—I have a lot of e-waste like old phones. What ________ I do with them? —You ________ take them to special recycling (回收) centre. It’s good for the planet. A．may; must B．should; could C．mustn’t; should D．should; couldn’t 41．The sign by the lake says, “No swimming.” That means we ________ swim here. A．can B．must C．mustn’t D．may 42．—Chongqing has developed a lot in the last few years. —Yes. And a new amusement park ________ here soon. A．is built B．builds C．will build D．will be built 43．In the future, more trees ________ near here. The village will become more and more beautiful. A．plant B．are planted C．will plant D．will be planted 44．The paintings _________ in the library in the future, and the artist ________ a talk. A．will be displayed; will be given B．will display; will be given C．will display; will give D．will be displayed; will give 45．A health talk ________ in our school next Monday afternoon. Let’s go and listen. A．gives B．is given C．will give D．will be given 46．—I don’t know if I ________ some advice on how to study if I ask Jack for help. —I’m sure he will. He is always helpful. A．offer B．am offered C．will offer D．will be offered 47．Anyone who hunts wild animals will be __________ by law. A．picked B．pushed C．printed D．punished 48．—Sir, you can’t park on either side of Zhongshan Road. Otherwise (否则), you ________. —Sorry, I’m leaving. Thanks for telling me that. A．was fined B．are fining C．will be fine D．will be fined 49．—You are so quiet, Jack. What’s the matter? —I ________ by Mum just now. A．am punished B．was punishing C．was punished D．punished 50．— Susan, why are you still here? They are all ready to start. — I’m sorry, but I ________ when to start. A．won’t be told B．am not told C．didn’t tell D．wasn’t told 51．—Did you go to Jack’s party last night?     —No, I ________. A．didn’t invite B．haven’t invited C．wasn’t invited D．am not invited 52．Many students didn’t understand the project until it ________ in detail by the teacher. A．explains B．was explained C．will be explained D．has explained 53．A new student club ________ to help international students last month. A．founded B．was founded C．found D．is found 54．The old man ________ to the hospital by a kind driver yesterday. A．takes B．is taken C．took D．was taken 55．The clay pieces are carefully ________ by hand. A．shaping B．shaped C．to shape D．shape 56．_______ the story _______ first? A．Is; create B．Is; created C．Does; create D．Are; created 57．Xinjiang is the largest cotton-producing area in China. About 90% of China’s cotton ________ there. A．produces B．is producing C．is produced D．produced 58．—What will happen if lots of jobs ________ over by AI? —That is a good question. But at the same time, AI will create more jobs. A．will take B．will be taken C．are taken D．take 59．— When will the new community centre open to the public?   — Not until all the safety checks ______. A．complete B．will complete C．are completed D．will be completed 60．I ________ that the new book will come out soon. It ________ be a fantastic one! A．hear about; has to B．hear; must C．hear of; must D．hear; has 二、完成句子 61．明天要张贴这些海报吗? Are these ________________ tomorrow? 62．将会从每个组里选出两名获胜者。 Two winners ______ ______ ______ from each group. 63．They will hold the art festival next Friday.（改为被动语态） The art festival ________ ________ held next Friday. 64．They will finish the project next month. (改为被动语态) The project ________ ________ finished next month. 65．他被绑在床上动弹不得。   He __________ the bed and couldn’t move. 66．They held a charity show at the school hall. (改为被动语态) →A charity show ________ ________ at the school hall. 67．They provide us with books.（改为被动语态） We ________ ________ with books. 68．The Great Wall attracts lots of visitors every year. (改为被动语态) Lots of visitors ________ ________ by the Great Wall every year. 69．每年有很多心脏病患者在这家医院做手术。 Many people with heart disease ________ in this hospital every year. 70．这些学生上周被邀请去农场，了解如何种植蔬菜。   Last week, the students ________ to learn about how to grow vegetables. 71．这个组织是由一群热心市民在2010年成立的。   This organization ________ by a group of caring citizens in 2010. 72．下周日，所有学生将被分成四组进行调查。 All the students ______________ four groups to do a survey next Sunday. 73．这些食物将被分发给无家可归的人。   The food ___________________ to the homeless. 74．The volunteers will clean up the park tomorrow. (改为被动语态)   The park ________ ________ ________ up by the volunteers tomorrow. 75．它是由北宋著名画家张择端所画。 It was ________ by Zhang Zeduan, a famous ________ ________ dynasty artist. 76．The government built this hospital in 2018. (改为被动语态)   This hospital ________ ________ in 2018. 77．我看到一条黄色的手环系在她的手腕上。 I saw that a yellow band ________ ________ ________ her wrist. 78．在公共场合大声笑被认为是不礼貌的。   ________ loudly in public ________ considered impolite. 79．继续这项环保项目需要更多的志愿者和资金。   More volunteers and money are ________ with the environmental project. 80．The sign means: Don’t eat or drink here. (保持句意基本不变)   The sign means ________ isn’t ________ here. 6 立足新教材，自学有章法，练习有重点！ 7 立足新教材，自学有章法，练习有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语核心题型讲通练透系列资料，名师甄选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语核心题型讲通练透系列资料，名师甄选！ 专题02 核心语法：被动语态和情态动词易错题专练80题（Units 1-3） 建议用时：30分钟 实际用时： 分钟 一、单项选择 1．—Can we ________ a walk to relax now? —Yes, let’s go. A．take B．to take C．taking D．takes 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们现在能散步放松一下吗？——好的，走吧。 take动词原形；to take动词不定式；taking动名词；takes动词第三人称单数。第一句中Can是情态动词，需跟动词原形，应填take。 2．Paper ________ by Cai Lun in ancient China more than 1900 years ago. A．invented B．is invented C．was invented D．invents 【答案】C 【详解】句意：纸是1900多年前中国古代的蔡伦发明的。 Paper和invent之间是被动关系，且时间状语“more than 1900 years ago”表示过去，需用一般过去时的被动语态，故用was invented。 3．The characters and plots in fiction are ______. A．real B．made up C．old D．new 【答案】B 【详解】句意：小说中的人物和情节是虚构的。 real真实的；made up编造的；old旧的；new新的。根据“fiction”可知，小说内容是虚构的，made up符合语境。应填made up。 4．—I don’t know how to deal with the new school life. —You ________ talk to your teacher. She is always ready to help you. A．should B．couldn’t C．needn’t D．mustn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我不知道如何应对新的学校生活。——你应该和你的老师谈谈。她总是准备好帮助你。 should应该；couldn’t不能；needn't不必；mustn’t禁止。根据前句“我不知道如何应对新的学校生活”以及后句“她总是准备好帮助你”，可知此处是在给对方提出建议，表示“应该”去做某事，应用should。 5．You’d better ________ a doctor if you have a fever for more than three days. A．to see B．see C．seeing D．saw 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你发烧超过三天，最好去看医生。 to see动词不定式；see动词原形；seeing动名词或现在分词；saw过去式。固定搭配had better do sth.意为“最好做某事”，后接动词原形。 6．New soccer textbooks ________ to China primary and middle schools at the beginning of the autumn semester this year. A．are introduced B．was introduced C．will be introduced D．must be introduced 【答案】C 【详解】句意：新的足球课本将在今年秋季学期初被引入中国的中小学。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。are introduced一般现在时的被动语态；was introduced一般过去时的被动语态；will be introduced一般将来时的被动语态；must be introduced含有情态动词must的被动语态。根据句中时间状语“at the beginning of the autumn semester this year（今年秋季学期初）”可知，表示将来的时间，需要使用一般将来时的被动语态，应填will be introduced。故选C。 7．If you ________ the law in San Francisco, you ________ with a fine. A．break; will punish B．break; will be punished C．will break; punish D．will break; are punished 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你在旧金山违法，你将被罚款处罚。 考查条件状语从句及被动语态。主语“you”是动作“punish”的承受者，主句应用被动语态。If引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，主句应用一般将来时的被动语态，即谓语为will be punished，从句采用一般现在时。故选B。 8．A Chinese painting show ________ in the school art room next Friday afternoon. A．holds B．is held C．held D．will be held 【答案】D 【详解】句意：一场中国画展将于下周五下午在学校美术室举行。 考查动词时态和语态。holds主动语态的一般现在时；is held一般现在时的被动语态；held一般过去时；will be held一般将来时的被动语态。主语“A Chinese painting show”与谓语动词“hold”之间是被动关系，且时间状语“next Friday afternoon”表示将来，需用一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。 9．It is said that the famous singer ________ to our city next week. A．will invite B．will be invited C．invited D．was invited 【答案】B 【详解】句意：据说下周这位著名歌手将被邀请到我们城市。 根据“next week（下周）”表示将来，因此句子应使用一般将来时（will + 动词原形）；根据主语 “the famous singer（这位著名歌手）”是“被邀请”的对象，即动作的承受者，因此需要使用被动语态（be + 过去分词），应填will be invited。 10．It is reported that a new park ________ to the public next year. A．will open B．will be opened C．is opened D．opens 【答案】B 【详解】句意：据报道，一座新公园将于明年向公众开放。 next year，明确动作发生在将来，需用一般将来时，结构为will+动词原形。主语a new park是动作open的承受者，公园是“被开放”的，故必须用被动语态，结构为be+过去分词。一般将来时的被动语态结构为will be+过去分词。 11．Will cashiers ________ by machines in supermarkets? A．replace B．replaced C．be replaced D．replaces 【答案】C 【详解】句意：超市里的收银员会被机器取代吗？ 句子主语“cashiers”与动词“replace”之间是被动关系，表示“被取代”，所以要用被动语态，will后接动词原形，应填be replaced。 12．A first aid class ________ in our school next Friday afternoon. A．teaches B．is taught C．will teach D．will be taught 【答案】D 【详解】句意：下周五下午，我们学校将开设一节急救课。 根据时间状语“next Friday afternoon”可知句子时态为一般将来时，排除 A、B；主语“A first aid class”不能发出“teach”动作，而是被学校 开展或教授。故用一般将来时的被动语态，结构是will be + 动词过去分词。 13．The space exhibition ________ by the school’s Space Club next month. A．is organized B．was organized C．will be organized D．organized 【答案】C 【详解】句意：太空展览将于下个月被学校的太空俱乐部组织。 根据“next month”可知，此处应用一般将来时；根据by可知主语与动词是被动关系，结构应为“will be + 过去分词”。 14．A sports meeting ________ in our school last month. A．holds B．held C．is held D．was held 【答案】D 【详解】句意：上个月，我们学校举行了一场运动会。 holds举行，动词的第三人称单数；held举行/被举行，过去式/过去分词；is held被举行，一般现在时的被动；was held被举行，一般过去时的被动。根据“last month”可知，使用一般过去时；主语“A sports meeting”和“hold”之间是被动关系，所以使用被动语态；二者结合，应填was held。 15．—Why couldn’t Gulliver move? —Because his body ______ to the ground. A．tied B．was tied C．ties D．is tying 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——为什么格列佛不能动？ ——因为他的身体被绑在了地上。 根据问句中的couldn’t可知句子时态为一般过去时；主语his body与动词tie之间是被动关系，表示“被绑”，需用was/were + done结构，his body是单数，was tied符合语境和语法。 16．This artwork was ________ a famous artist of the Ming Dynasty. A．painted by B．painting C．paint D．paint by 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这件艺术品是由明代的一位著名艺术家画的。 painted by“由……画”；painting画画，是现在分词；paint画，动词原形；paint by结构错误，主语“This artwork”与动词“paint”之间是被动关系，需用“be+过去分词”结构构成被动语态，引出动作执行者用介词“by” 。was后应接过去分词painted，且由by引出艺术家，应填painted by。 17．A speech on AI technology ________ at the Tech Festival last weekend. A．will be given B．has been given C．was given D．is given 【答案】C 【详解】句意：上周末在科技节上发表了一个关于人工智能技术的演讲。 根据时间状语“last weekend”可知，时态为一般过去时，主语A speech是动作give的承受者，要用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were+过去分词”。 18．—Look! The new gym looks so modern. —Yes. It ________ last year to encourage more people to exercise. A．built B．was built C．has built D．has been built 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——看！新体育馆看起来很现代。——是的。它是去年建成的，为了鼓励更多的人锻炼。 built建造（过去式，主动）；was built被建造（一般过去时被动语态）；has built已经建造（现在完成时主动）；has been built已经被建造（现在完成时被动）。时间是“last year”，应用一般过去时，且“It”与build之间为被动关系，应填was built。 19．—The beautiful handicraft on the table looks so special. Who made it? —It_________ by my grandmother. She’s very skillful. A．makes B．made C．is made D．was made 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——桌上这个漂亮的手工艺品看起来很特别，是谁做的？——它是我奶奶做的，她手艺很好。 It指代手工艺品，和make之间是被动关系，且“制作”这个动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时的被动语态，故用was made。 20．The short film Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother ________ by the famous artist Qi Baishi. A．influences B．influenced C．is influenced D．was influenced 【答案】D 【详解】句意：短片《小蝌蚪找妈妈》受到了著名艺术家齐白石的影响。 根据“by the famous artist Qi Baishi”可知，主语The short film与动词influence之间是被动关系；齐白石是过去的人物，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were+过去分词”。 21．The charity organization ______ by a group of local business owners to help homeless families in the city. A．found B．founded C．was found D．was founded 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这个慈善组织是由一群当地企业主创立的，旨在帮助城市中的无家可归家庭。 根据“by a group of...”可知句子需用被动语态，结构为be+过去分词，排除A、B项。find意为“发现”，过去分词为found；found意为“建立”，过去分词为founded。根据句意组织是被“建立”，应选was founded。 22．Nowadays, most animated films _______ by hand. A．are not drawn B．is not drawn C．not drawn D．don’t draw 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如今，大多数动画电影都不是手绘的。 根据语境可知，“animated films”与“draw”之间是被动关系，即动画电影是被绘制的，所以句子应使用被动语态，结构为“be+过去分词”。主语是films复数形式，对应的be动词应该用are，否定形式即are not；draw的过去分词是drawn。故填are not drawn。 23．Amber ________ as a window on the past. It helps us unlock nature’s secrets. A．is regarded B．regards C．regarded D．will be regarded 【答案】A 【详解】句意：琥珀被视为通往过去的窗口。它帮助我们解开自然界的秘密。 主语Amber与动词regard之间是被动关系，意为“被看待”，需用被动语态结构“be + 过去分词”。根据后句“It helps...”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，填is regarded。 24．X-ray machines __________ widely in hospitals now. A．use B．are used C．used D．were used 【答案】B 【详解】句意：X光机现在在医院被广泛使用。 考查被动语态。use使用，动词原形；are used被使用，一般现在时被动语态；used使用，过去式；were used被使用，一般过去时被动语态。根据“now”可知，句子应用一般现在时；主语“X-ray machines”与动词“use”之间是被动关系，即机器被使用，需用一般现在时的被动语态（am/is/are+过去分词）。故选B。 25．A new kind of robot ________ to help with housework by the company. A．invented B．invents C．is invented D．was inventing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：一种新型机器人被该公司发明出来，用以帮助做家务。 invented发明；invents发明；is invented被发明；was inventing正在发明。本句中主语“一种新型机器人”是动作“发明”的承受者，二者是被动关系，谓语需要使用被动语态，被动语态的基本结构为be动词+动词过去分词，只有is invented符合被动语态的结构要求。 26．English ________ in many countries around the world every day. A．speak B．speaks C．is spoken D．is speaking 【答案】C 【详解】句意：英语每天在世界上的许多国家被说。 考查被动语态。主语“English”与动词“speak”之间是被动关系，且句子描述一般事实，需用一般现在时的被动语态（am/is/are + 过去分词）。故选C。 27．Many trees ________ on the mountains every year. A．plant B．are planted C．planted D．were planted 【答案】B 【详解】句意：每年山上都会种许多树。 根据时间状语every year可知，句子时态为一般现在时；主语Many trees是动词plant的承受者，需用被动语态。一般现在时被动语态结构为am/is/are+过去分词，主语为复数，be动词用are。应填are planted。 28．I ________ to give a career talk in our school next week. I’m preparing for it now. A．invite B．am invited C．will invite D．will be invited 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我被邀请下周在我们学校做一个职业讲座。我现在正在为此做准备。 主语I与动词invite之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，排除主动语态选项A和C；根据句子“I’m preparing for it now”表明邀请已成事实，应使用现在时态被动结构“am invited”表示“已被邀请”的状态，应填am invited。 29．—World Animal Day is on October 4th every year. —Many activities ________ to improve the relationship between humans and animals on this day. A．hold B．is held C．are held D．will hold 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——世界动物日在每年的10月4日。——在这一天，许多活动被举行来改善人与动物之间的关系。 “every year”和“on this day”表明句子时态为一般现在时，主语“Many activities”与动词hold是被动关系，用被动语态，一般现在时的被动语态的结构为“be+过去分词”；主语为复数，be动词用are，后接动词过去分词held，应填are held。 30．—Why ________ the sports meeting ________ in our school every spring? —Because it can make us take more exercise. A．is; held B．does; hold C．is; holding D．do; hold 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——为什么每年春天我们学校都要举行运动会？——因为它能让我们多锻炼。 考查被动语态。 is; held（is + held 构成被动语态）；does; hold（does + hold 构成主动语态的一般疑问形式）；is; holding（is + holding 构成现在进行时主动语态）；do; hold（do + hold 构成主动语态的一般疑问形式）。根据句意，主语“the sports meeting”与“举行”之间是被动关系，且“every spring”表示经常性动作，需用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。 31．—I have a sore back. ________ should I do? —I think you ________ get some rest. A．What; shouldn’t B．What; should C．How; shouldn’t D．How; should 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我背疼，我该做些什么？——我觉得你应该休息一下。 What什么；shouldn’t不应该；should应该；How怎样。根据“…should I do”可知，what在句中作实义动词do的宾语；根据“I think you…get some rest.”可知，此处是给出合理的建议，should表示“应该”，符合“建议休息”的语境。应填What；should。 32．-Must I finish the report today?   -No, you ________. You can hand it in tomorrow. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：—— 我必须今天完成这份报告吗？—— 不，你不必。你可以明天交。 mustn’t禁止，不准；needn’t不必，不需要；can’t不能，不可能； shouldn’t不应该。在英语中，当用Must I...?提问时，否定回答应该用needn’t 或don’t have to，表示“不必”。 33．—Can teenagers under 18 drive a car in your country?   —No. According to the law, they _________. A．may not B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——在你们国家18岁以下的青少年可以开车吗？——不可以。根据法律，他们不能这样做。 may not“可能不”，表不确定的推测；mustn’t“禁止”，专门用来表述法律法规、强制规则的禁止；needn’t“不必”，指不需要做某事；shouldn’t“不应该”，仅表建议/劝告。结合“According to the law”可知，法律禁止18岁以下的青少年开车，应填mustn’t。 34．—Mum, I don’t want to apologise to my brother.   —I’m afraid you _________. You broke his model plane. A．may B．have to C．mustn’t D．needn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我不想向我弟弟道歉。——恐怕你必须这么做。你弄坏了他的飞机模型。 may可以；have to不得不；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必。根据“You broke his model plane.”可知客观上需要道歉，应填have to。 35．It is a rule that visitors _________ feed the animals in the zoo. A．wouldn’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．couldn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：规定游客禁止在动物园里投喂动物。 wouldn’t将不会；needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止；couldn’t不能。根据“It is a rule”可知这是规定，表示禁止做某事，应填mustn’t。 36．—Are we allowed to use our phones during the exam?   —No, you _________. It is strictly forbidden. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．couldn’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们可以在考试期间使用手机吗？——不，你不能。这是严格禁止的。 mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；couldn’t不能，shouldn’t不应该。下文“It is strictly forbidden.”说明，考试期间禁止使用手机。 37．—Excuse me, _________ I park my car here for a while? —Sorry, you _________. This is a no-parking area. A．must; mustn’t B．may; can’t C．can; needn’t D．could; won’t 【答案】B 【详解】——打扰一下，我可以把车停在这里一会儿吗？——抱歉，你不可以。这里是禁止停车区域。 第一空是说话人委婉请求停车许可，may用于礼貌请求对方许可；第二空根据“This is a no-parking area”可知，此处表示不可以停车，can’t符合语义要求。 38．— I want to help my friend with her math, but she’s too shy to ask for help. — You ________ talk to her gently first to make her feel comfortable. A．should B．can C．may D．need 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我想帮助我的朋友学习数学，但她太害羞了，不愿意寻求帮助。——你应该先温和地和她交谈，让她感到舒服。 should应该；can能，可以；may可以，可能；need需要。 此处是针对对方的困扰给出合理建议，should用于给出恰当建议，符合该语境。can表示能力或许可，may多表示推测或请求许可，二者都不如should贴合提建议的场景；need作情态动词时通常用于否定句和疑问句，肯定句中作实义动词需要后接to，此处结构不符合要求，因此正确选项是should。 39．—Would you mind my opening the window? —________. I feel a bit cold. A．Of course not B．Better not C．Never mind D．Go ahead 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你介意我打开窗户吗？——最好别开，我有点冷。 Of course not当然不；Better not最好别；Never mind没关系；Go ahead去吧。 根据“我有点冷”的语境，此处是拒绝对方开窗的请求，应填Better not。   40．—I have a lot of e-waste like old phones. What ________ I do with them? —You ________ take them to special recycling (回收) centre. It’s good for the planet. A．may; must B．should; could C．mustn’t; should D．should; couldn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：—— 我有很多像旧手机这样的电子垃圾，我应该怎么处理它们？—— 你可以把它们送到专门的回收中心，这对地球有好处。 may可以; must必须；should应该; could可以、能够；mustn’t禁止;couldn’t不能，第一空是询问处理电子垃圾的建议，用should（应该）符合语境；第二空是给出可行的处理方式，用could（可以）表示合理建议，符合对话逻辑。A 选项must语气过于强硬，C 选项mustn’t语义完全不符，D 选项couldn’t语义矛盾。 41．The sign by the lake says, “No swimming.” That means we ________ swim here. A．can B．must C．mustn’t D．may 【答案】C 【详解】句意：湖边标志写着 “禁止游泳”，那意味着我们禁止在这里游泳。 can可以，能够 ；must必须； mustn’t禁止；may可以，可能。根据“No swimming.” 可知禁止在这里游泳。应填mustn’t。 42．—Chongqing has developed a lot in the last few years. —Yes. And a new amusement park ________ here soon. A．is built B．builds C．will build D．will be built 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——重庆在过去几年发展了很多。——是的。而且一个新的游乐园很快将在这里被建造。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据答句中“soon”可知，动作发生在将来；主语“a new amusement park”与动词“build”之间是被动关系，表示游乐园被建造，应用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为will be done。故选D。 43．In the future, more trees ________ near here. The village will become more and more beautiful. A．plant B．are planted C．will plant D．will be planted 【答案】D 【详解】句意：将来，附近会种更多的树。村庄将变得越来越美丽。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。plant种植，原形；are planted被种植，一般现在时被动语态；will plant将种植，一般将来时主动语态；will be planted将被种植，一般将来时被动语态。根据“In the future”可知句子时态为一般将来时，且主语“more trees”与动词“plant”之间为被动关系，故应用一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。 44．The paintings _________ in the library in the future, and the artist ________ a talk. A．will be displayed; will be given B．will display; will be given C．will display; will give D．will be displayed; will give 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这些画作未来将在图书馆展出，并且这位艺术家将进行一场讲座。 第一空主语The paintings与display之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态will be displayed；第二空主语the artist与give之间是主谓关系，应用主动语态will give，应填will be displayed; will give。 45．A health talk ________ in our school next Monday afternoon. Let’s go and listen. A．gives B．is given C．will give D．will be given 【答案】D 【详解】句意：下周一在我们学校将举行一场健康讲座。我们去听吧。 考查动词的时态和语态。gives给，单三形式，一般现在时的主动语态；is given被给，一般现在时的被动语态；will give将给，一般将来时的主动语态；will be given将会被给，一般将来时的被动语态。根据时间状语next Monday afternoon可知，动作发生在将来，应用一般将来时，主语A health talk与动词give之间是被动关系“讲座被举行”，因此需用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为will be + 过去分词。故选D。 46．—I don’t know if I ________ some advice on how to study if I ask Jack for help. —I’m sure he will. He is always helpful. A．offer B．am offered C．will offer D．will be offered 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我不知道如果我向杰克求助，我是否会被提供一些关于如何学习的建议。 ——我确定他会的。他总是乐于助人。 考查if条件状语从句的时态。offer提供，一般现在时的主动语态；am offered被提供，一般现在时的被动语态；will offer将会提供，一般将来时的主动语态；will be offered将会被提供，一般将来时的被动语态。主句“I don’t know”后接if引导的宾语从句，该宾语从句中又包含if引导的条件状语从句。根据“if I ask Jack for help” (条件状语从句) 用一般现在时表示将来，主句“I…some advice”需用一般将来时；且“我”与“提供建议”之间是被动关系“我被提供建议”，故用一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。 47．Anyone who hunts wild animals will be __________ by law. A．picked B．pushed C．printed D．punished 【答案】D 【详解】句意：任何猎杀野生动物的人都将受到法律的惩处。 picked（采摘）、pushed（推）、printed（印刷）均与“法律”和“猎杀野生动物”的语境无关；punished（被惩罚、被惩处）符合法律对违法行为的处置逻辑，因此选D。 48．—Sir, you can’t park on either side of Zhongshan Road. Otherwise (否则), you ________. —Sorry, I’m leaving. Thanks for telling me that. A．was fined B．are fining C．will be fine D．will be fined 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——先生，您不能在中山路两侧停车，否则您会被罚款。——抱歉，我马上开走，谢谢你告诉我。 根据“otherwise”可知，此处是对将来可能发生的结果进行预测，且“you”和“fine（罚款）”之间是被动关系，此处需用一般将来时被动语态，其结构为“will be + 过去分词”，fine的过去分词是在词尾加d，应填will be fined。 49．—You are so quiet, Jack. What’s the matter? —I ________ by Mum just now. A．am punished B．was punishing C．was punished D．punished 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——杰克，你这么安静。怎么了？——我刚才被妈妈惩罚了。 根据“by Mum”可知主语与动词之间为被动关系，需用被动语态，结构为“be动词+过去分词”；根据时间状语“just now”可知动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时，主语为I，be动词用was，punish的过去分词形式为punished。 50．— Susan, why are you still here? They are all ready to start. — I’m sorry, but I ________ when to start. A．won’t be told B．am not told C．didn’t tell D．wasn’t told 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——苏珊，为什么你还在这儿？他们都准备好开始了。——很抱歉，没人告诉我什么时候开始。 won’t be told没有被告知（一般将来时，被动语态）；am not told没有被告知（一般现在时，被动语态）；didn’t tell没有告知（一般过去时，主动语态）；wasn’t told没有被告知（一般过去时，被动语态），我未被告知，需要用被动语态，根据句子的语境，这里需要使用过去时态，因为是对过去发生事情的描述，所以选D。 51．—Did you go to Jack’s party last night?     —No, I ________. A．didn’t invite B．haven’t invited C．wasn’t invited D．am not invited 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——昨晚你去杰克的派对了吗？——没有，我没有被邀请。 考查被动语态。didn’t invite没邀请，一般过去时的主动语态；haven’t invited还没邀请，现在完成时的被动语态；wasn’t invited没有被邀请，一般过去时的被动语态；am not invited没有被邀请，一般现在时的被动语态。根据问句“Did you go to Jack’s party last night?”可知，对话谈论的是昨晚已经发生的事，回答应使用过去时态。此外，“我”与“邀请”之间是被动关系（我被邀请），所以需用一般过去时的被动语态（was/were+过去分词）。故选C。 52．Many students didn’t understand the project until it ________ in detail by the teacher. A．explains B．was explained C．will be explained D．has explained 【答案】B 【详解】句意：许多学生直到老师详细讲解了这个项目才理解它。 主语it指代前文the project，与动词explain之间是被动关系，需用被动语态；主句谓语动词didn’t understand为一般过去时，从句时态需和主句保持一致，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。 53．A new student club ________ to help international students last month. A．founded B．was founded C．found D．is found 【答案】B 【详解】句意：上个月，一个新的学生社团成立了，旨在帮助国际学生。 主语“A new student club”与“found”（成立）之间是被动关系，且时间状语“last month”表示过去，需用一般过去时的被动语态，应填was founded。 54．The old man ________ to the hospital by a kind driver yesterday. A．takes B．is taken C．took D．was taken 【答案】D 【详解】句意：那位老人昨天被一位好心司机送到了医院。 根据时间状语“yesterday”，本句为一般过去时；句子主语“The old man老人”是动作“take带去”的承受者，老人是被司机送到医院的，因此要用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were+过去分词”；主语“The old man”是单数，因此是“was taken”。 55．The clay pieces are carefully ________ by hand. A．shaping B．shaped C．to shape D．shape 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这些陶土片被小心地用手塑形。 考查被动语态。shaping正在塑形，现在分词；shaped被塑形，过去分词；to shape去塑形，不定式；shape塑形，动词原形。根据“The clay pieces are carefully…by hand.”可知，句子主语“The clay pieces”是动作的承受者，且句中有“by hand”提示动作执行者，因此需用被动语态“be+过去分词”结构。选项中只有shaped是过去分词形式，符合被动语态要求。故选B。 56．_______ the story _______ first? A．Is; create B．Is; created C．Does; create D．Are; created 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个故事是先创作出来的吗？ 主语“the story”和动词“create”是被动关系，指“故事是被创作出来的”，用被动语态“be done”，主语是名词单数，第一空应是be动词“Is”，第二空应是过去分词created。应填Is; created。 57．Xinjiang is the largest cotton-producing area in China. About 90% of China’s cotton ________ there. A．produces B．is producing C．is produced D．produced 【答案】C 【详解】句意：新疆是中国最大的棉花产区。中国约90%的棉花在那里生产。 根据语境可知，棉花是“被生产”，应用被动语态，且句子描述一般事实，用一般现在时，应填is produced。 58．—What will happen if lots of jobs ________ over by AI? —That is a good question. But at the same time, AI will create more jobs. A．will take B．will be taken C．are taken D．take 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——如果大量工作被人工智能取代，会发生什么情况？——这是个好问题。但与此同时，人工智能也会创造更多工作岗位。 主语jobs 与动词短语take over之间构成被动关系，应使用被动语态；if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，主句是一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时，结合主语jobs为复数，be动词选用are。 59．— When will the new community centre open to the public?   — Not until all the safety checks ______. A．complete B．will complete C．are completed D．will be completed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——新社区中心什么时候向公众开放？——所有安全检查完成之后才会向公众开放‌。 complete完成；will complete会完成(一般将来时)；are completed被完成(一般现在时的被动语态)；will be completed会被完成(一般将来时的被动语态)。在时间状语从句中，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句如果是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时。这里“all the safety checks”（所有的安全检查）和“complete”（完成）之间是被动关系，所以要用一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are + 过去分词”，“checks”是复数，所以用“are completed”。 60．I ________ that the new book will come out soon. It ________ be a fantastic one! A．hear about; has to B．hear; must C．hear of; must D．hear; has 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我听说这本新书很快就要出版了。它一定是一本很棒的书！ 第一空：hear about听说 (强调听到关于某事的信息)，hear听说 (直接跟宾语从句)，hear of听说 (不直接跟从句)。根据“I…that”可知，hear后直接跟that从句；第二空：has to不得不，must一定 (表示肯定的推测)，has有。根据句意，表示肯定的推测，应用must。 二、完成句子 61．明天要张贴这些海报吗? Are these ________________ tomorrow? 【答案】posters to be put up/posters going to be put up 【详解】原句中“张贴这些海报”是关键词，“这些海报”是被张贴，用被动语态，表示安排/计划的被动形式 ，用结构be to be done或be going to be done（将要/安排做某事）。 空前有these，“海报”用复数形式posters，故填posters to be put up或posters going to be put up。 62．将会从每个组里选出两名获胜者。 Two winners ______ ______ ______ from each group. 【答案】 will be chosen 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“将选出”，获胜者是被选出，用被动语态，时态为一般将来时，故填will；be；chosen。 63．They will hold the art festival next Friday.（改为被动语态） The art festival ________ ________ held next Friday. 【答案】 will be 【详解】句意：他们将在下周五举办艺术节。句子为一般将来时，改为被动语态应用“will be+过去分词”结构，hold的过去分词是held。 64．They will finish the project next month. (改为被动语态) The project ________ ________ finished next month. 【答案】 will be 【详解】句意：他们将在下个月完成这个项目。题干句为一般将来时，其被动语态结构为“will be+动词过去分词”。 65．他被绑在床上动弹不得。   He __________ the bed and couldn’t move. 【答案】was tied to 【详解】原句中“被绑在”是关键词，表示“被绑在”的动词短语是be tied to，且“couldn’t move”表示，句子为一般过去时，主语He为单数，be动词用was。 66．They held a charity show at the school hall. (改为被动语态) →A charity show ________ ________ at the school hall. 【答案】 was held 【详解】句意：他们在学校礼堂举办了一场慈善演出。原句中“held”提示句子时态为一般过去时，改为被动语态后，句子主语“A charity show”是动作“举办”的承受者，需要用被动语态，一般过去时的被动结构为“was/were+过去分词”，主语是单数，be动词用was，动词hold的过去分词为held，故填was；held。 67．They provide us with books.（改为被动语态） We ________ ________ with books. 【答案】 are provided 【详解】句意：他们给我们提供书。句子为一般现在时，改为被动语态需要使用“be+过去分词”结构，主语是“we”，be动词用“are”，“provide”的过去分词是“provided”。故填are；provided。 68．The Great Wall attracts lots of visitors every year. (改为被动语态) Lots of visitors ________ ________ by the Great Wall every year. 【答案】 are attracted 【详解】句意：长城每年吸引大量游客。原句是一般现在时，主语是“The Great Wall” ，谓语是“attracts”，宾语是“lots of visitors”。变为被动语态时，原句的宾语“lots of visitors”变成主语，由于“lots of visitors”是复数，所以be动词用“are”。 “attract”的过去分词是“attracted” ，按照被动语态结构“be + 过去分词”，此处用“are attracted”。 69．每年有很多心脏病患者在这家医院做手术。 Many people with heart disease ________ in this hospital every year. 【答案】are operated on 【详解】原句中“做手术”是关键词，主语为“很多心脏病患者”，应该是“被手术”，用被动语态，be动词用复数，描述的是客观事实，时态为一般现在时。故填are operated on。 70．这些学生上周被邀请去农场，了解如何种植蔬菜。   Last week, the students ________ to learn about how to grow vegetables. 【答案】were invited to the farm 【详解】原句中“被邀请去农场”是关键词，表示“被邀请去”的短语是be invited to，句中“Last week”表明时态是一般过去时，主语是复数，be用were；表示“农场”的单词是the farm。 71．这个组织是由一群热心市民在2010年成立的。   This organization ________ by a group of caring citizens in 2010. 【答案】was set up 【详解】原句中“成立”是关键词，表示“成立”的动词短语是set up，主语This organization是“成立”这个动作的承受者：被市民成立，用被动语态be+过去分词，时间状语in 2010，表示过去的动作，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语This organization是单数，故be动词用was，set up的过去分词为set up，整合为was set up。 72．下周日，所有学生将被分成四组进行调查。 All the students ______________ four groups to do a survey next Sunday. 【答案】will be divided into 【详解】原句中“将被分成”是关键词，will“将”，be divided into“被分成”，是固定搭配。 73．这些食物将被分发给无家可归的人。   The food ___________________ to the homeless. 【答案】will be distributed 【详解】原句中“分发给”是关键词，“分发给”对应的英文表达是“distribute”，这里句子是将来时态的被动语态，其结构是“will + be + 过去分词”，“distribute”的过去分词是“distributed”，所以用“will be distributed”，表示“将被分发”的状态。 74．The volunteers will clean up the park tomorrow. (改为被动语态)   The park ________ ________ ________ up by the volunteers tomorrow. 【答案】 will be cleaned 【详解】句意：公园明天将被志愿者清理干净。原句中“will clean up”和“被动语态”是关键词，主动语态变被动语态时，宾语the park作主语，原主语由by引出；一般将来时被动语态结构为will be + 过去分词，clean变为cleaned，故填will；be；cleaned。 75．它是由北宋著名画家张择端所画。 It was ________ by Zhang Zeduan, a famous ________ ________ dynasty artist. 【答案】 painted Northern Song 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，第一空缺少“画”。paint意为“（用颜料）绘画”，与主语It构成被动关系，描述《清明上河图》由张择端绘制，空前已有was，故填过去分词painted。第二、三空表示“北宋”，北宋为中国历史朝代，专有名词首字母需大写，故填Northern；Song。 76．The government built this hospital in 2018. (改为被动语态)   This hospital ________ ________ in 2018. 【答案】 was built 【详解】句意：政府于2018年建造了这家医院。根据时间状语“in 2018”可知，原句为一般过去时，改为被动句时，被动语态结构为：was/were+过去分词；主语This hospital是单数，be动词用was，build的过去分词为built。故填was built。 77．我看到一条黄色的手环系在她的手腕上。 I saw that a yellow band ________ ________ ________ her wrist. 【答案】 was attached to 【详解】原句中“系在……上”是关键词，表示“被系在……上”的被动结构是be attached to。主句谓语saw是一般过去时，宾语从句描述过去的状态，也用过去时态；黄色手环是“被系”，需要用被动语态，主语a yellow band是单数，因此be动词用was。 78．在公共场合大声笑被认为是不礼貌的。   ________ loudly in public ________ considered impolite. 【答案】 Laughing is 【详解】原句中“大笑”是关键词，作主语要用动名词Laughing；“被认为”用被动语态be considered，动名词作主语谓语用单数is。 79．继续这项环保项目需要更多的志愿者和资金。   More volunteers and money are ________ with the environmental project. 【答案】needed to continue 【详解】原句中的“需要”“继续”是关键词，“需要”翻译为need，此句为被动语态，结构为“be + 过去分词”；“继续”翻译为continue，在句中作目的状语要用动词不定式。故填needed to continue。 80．The sign means: Don’t eat or drink here. (保持句意基本不变)   The sign means ________ isn’t ________ here. 【答案】 eating or drinking allowed 【详解】句意：这个标识的意思是：不要在这里吃喝。原句是祈使句的否定形式，同义转换可采用被动语态结构sth isn’t allowed，表示“某事不被允许”，此处用动名词eating or drinking作主语，故填eating or drinking；allowed。 12 立足新教材，自学有章法，练习有重点！ 17 立足新教材，自学有章法，练习有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $