阅读理解拓展练-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册配套练习word（外研版）

[阅读理解拓展练]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Do you know how the sounds of dinosaur roars in Jurassic Park are produced? A team of sound experts work behind the scenes to make sure a movie sounds as good as it looks. Take a look at how these sound experts do their jobs. Production Sound Mixers Production sound mixers are in charge of recording all dialogues and effects on set. These recordings are the basis for the rest of the sound in the film. Sound Designers Sound designers work with the director to decide on the overall feel of a film's sound. This includes creating sounds that don't exist in the real world. Sounds such as monster roars and spaceship zooms are made by combining several real sounds and sometimes changing the speed or pitch. Foley Artists Foley artists work in recording studios filled with thousands of props from flooring and fabric samples to shoes and bubble wrap. They use the props to recreate sounds like rustling leaves, creaking doors, and footsteps. On set, microphones don't always pick up these everyday sounds. Film locations can also have unavoidable (不可避免的) background noise. So foley artists recreate and add the sounds to the film later. Composers The composer writes the background music or score for a film. Before writing the score, the composer meets with the director and other members of the filmmaking team to decide how and where to use music. Each choice affects the movie watcher's emotions. 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了电影制作中，声音专家们在幕后是如何工作的。 1．What is a sound designer's job? A．Record sounds on the movie set. B．Make sure we can hear the actors. C．Handle the microphones and recorders. D．Make new sounds that aren't in the real world. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段“This includes creating sounds that don't exist in the real world.”可知，声音设计师的工作是创造一些在现实世界中没有的新声音。故选D。 2．Why do foley artists recreate sounds later? A．All sounds are recorded. B．There is no background noise. C．Microphones may miss sounds. D．Foley artists enjoy adding sounds. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“On set, microphones ...the film later.”可知，拟声师重新制作声音的原因是麦克风在录制声音的时候，可能会漏掉一些声音。故选C。 3．Where is this text most likely from? A．A travel brochure. B．A music poster. C．A film magazine. D．A science fiction novel. 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第一段“A team of ...do their jobs.”可知，本文是介绍电影制作中与音效有关的职业，属于电影制作的相关知识，可能出现在电影杂志里。故选C。 B At my first lesson in Chinese calligraphy, my teacher told me plainly: “Now I will teach you how to write your name. And to make it beautiful.” I felt my breath catch. I was curious. Growing up in Singapore, I had an unusual relationship with my Chinese name. My parents are ethnically Chinese, so they asked someone to decide my name, aiming for maximum luck. As a result, I ended up with a nonsense and embarrassing name: Chen Yiwen, meaning, roughly, “old”， “barley (薏米)” and “warm”． When I arrived in America for college at 18, I put on an American accent and abandoned my Chinese name. When I moved to Hong Kong in 2021, after 14 years in the States, I decided to learn calligraphy. Why not get back in touch with my heritage? I thought. In calligraphy, the idea is to copy the old masters' techniques, thereby refining your own. Every week, though, my teacher would give uncomfortably on­the­nose assessments of my person. “You need to be braver，” he once observed. “Have confidence. Try to produce a bold stroke (笔画)．” For years, I had prided myself on presenting an image of confidence, but my writing betrayed me. I was trying to make sense of this practice. You must visualize the word as it is to be written and leave a trace of yourself in it. As a bodily practice, calligraphy could go beyond its own cultural restrictions. Could it help me go beyond mine? My teacher once said to me, “When you look at the word, you see the body. Though a word on the page is two­dimensional, it contains multitudes, conveying the force you've applied, the energy of your grip, the arch of your spine.” I had been learning calligraphy to get in touch with my cultural roots, but what I was really seeking was a return to myself. Now I have sensed that the pleasure out of calligraphy allows me to know myself more fully. During a recent lesson, my teacher pointed at the word I had just finished, telling me: “This word is much better. I can see the choices you made, your calculations, your flow. Trust yourself. This word is yours.” He might as well have said, “This word is you.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者学习中国书法的经历和感悟。 4．What did the author initially think of her name “Chen Yiwen”？ A．It was lucky so she gladly accepted it. B．She felt proud of its symbolic meaning. C．She understood the intention but still disliked it. D．Its strange pronunciation made her embarrassed. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“My parents are ethnically Chinese ... meaning, roughly, ‘old’，‘barley (薏米)’ and ‘warm’．”可知， 作者认为自己的名字“Chen Yiwen”是无意义且令人尴尬的，虽然父母是为了追求好运才取这个名字，但她还是不喜欢。 5．Why did the author decide to learn calligraphy? A．To pick up a new hobby. B．To reconnect with her origin. C．To gain insights into a new culture. D．To fit in with local community. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When I moved ... I thought.”可知，作者决定学习书法是为了重新接触自己的文化根源。 6．What does the author learn from the teacher's words? A．Calligraphy reflects the creator's spirits. B．Calligraphy comes from creative energy. C．Calligraphy highlights the design of strokes. D．Calligraphy depends on continuous practice. 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段“During a recent lesson ... ‘This word is you.’”可推知，从老师的话中，作者了解到书法反映了创作者的精神。 7．What does the author intend to tell us? A．Appreciate what our culture offers. B．Find beauty from your inner self. C．A great teacher can lead you to truth. D．We are the sum of what we create. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段“During a recent lesson ... ‘This word is you.’”可知，书法反映了创作者的精神。由此推知，作者想告诉我们：我们就是我们自己所创造的一切的总和。 C Hummingbirds are small birds but they're the Olympic gymnasts of the flying world. They have strongly muscled bodies and rather long wings. They fly around at remarkable speeds and fly in all directions, including backward and upside down. To achieve such agility (敏捷), hummingbirds use distinct modes of visual processing to control different types of flight. Their brains can make rapid transitions from visual signals to motor outputs. They take in lots of complicated visual information and make a flight plan out of that. Recently, the researchers have uncovered a unique mode that guides hummingbirds' speed when they are flying forward. The findings come from an experiment of more than 3,500 hummingbird flights inside a 12­foot­long tunnel with a branch at one end and a feeder at the other. Moving light patterns cast on the tunnel walls influence how the hummingbirds see things while flying. The researchers expected that if the hummingbirds were using visual clues to control their forward flight speed, they would see the birds speed or slow with lights cast on the side walls. But instead, it seemed that they had their own way of knowing how fast to go for forward flight. When moving up or down, however, the birds based their motor commands on the cast light patterns they saw. This special ability helps hummingbirds fly safely and quickly. This knowledge could be useful for improving drone (无人机) technology, helping engineers develop better ways for drones to predict and respond to changes in their surroundings. “If we can develop a mathematical model for this visual processing, it could be very useful for drones.” says Bo Cheng, a mechanical engineer, at Pennsylvania State University. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家研究发现蜂鸟使用不同的视觉处理模式来控制不同类型的飞行，这些知识可能有助于改进无人机技术。 8．What contributes most to hummingbirds' agility in flight? A．Their small size and light body. B．Their strong muscles and long wings. C．Their strong sense of direction. D．Their own way to handle what they see. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To achieve such ... flight.”可知，让蜂鸟在飞行中如此敏捷的原因是它们处理自己看到的东西的方式。 9．How did the researchers test the hummingbirds' response? A．By placing barriers in the tunnel. B．By changing the position of the feeder. C．By projecting moving light patterns. D．By adjusting the brightness of the tunnel. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，研究人员测试蜂鸟反应的方法是通过投射移动的光模式。 10．What did the researchers think of hummingbirds' reaction? A．Surprising.　　　　　　B．Discouraging. C．Satisfactory. D．Amusing. 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“But instead, ... flight.”可知，蜂鸟的反应超出了研究者的推断，研究人员对蜂鸟的反应是震惊的。 11．Which field is more likely to benefit from the research? A．Wild bird protection. B．Math­based game design. C．Behavioral and brain science. D．Bio­inspired technology application. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“This knowledge ... their surroundings.”可推断出，仿生技术应用更有可能从这项研究中受益。 D When it comes to lowering blood pressure, studies have typically shown that aerobic (有氧的) exercises are best. Recent research suggests another type of physical activity is worth including as an effective tool to prevent and treat high blood pressure. Exercises that engage muscles without movement, such as wall squats and planks, may be best for lowering blood pressure, according to a large study published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine. This type of training is known as isometric_exercise,_according to the Mayo Clinic. Isometric muscle action happens when muscles contract but do not visibly change length, and the joints involved don't move, facilitating stability of the body. Isometric exercises can be done with weights or without, just relying on the body's own weight. “These findings provide a comprehensive data­driven framework to support the development of new exercise guideline recommendations for the prevention and treatment of high blood pressure，” said study co­author Dr.Jamie O'Driscoll in a news release. The researchers looked into randomized controlled trials that had reported the effects of exercise interventions, lasting two or more weeks, on blood pressure between 1990 and February 2023. From a review of 270 trials with 15,827 participants, the researchers found that among HIIT (high intensity interval training), isometric exercise, aerobic exercise, dynamic resistance training and a combination of the latter two, isometric exercise led to the greatest reductions in blood pressure. It's also important to note that there are other lifestyle changes as well as exercise that can benefit your blood pressure. These include keeping to a healthy weight, eating a balanced diet, cutting down on salt, not drinking too much alcohol and ensuring that you continue to take any prescribed medication. More research is needed to determine exactly why isometric exercise might be better for lowering blood pressure than other types of training, the authors said. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，在没有运动的情况下静力肌肉锻炼可能最适合降低血压。 12．What does the underlined part “isometric exercise” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．Exercise that is done with extra weights. B．Exercise that involves visible muscle contraction. C．Exercise that focuses on stability of the body. D．Exercise that engages muscles without movement. 解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据第二段内容可知，不运动的肌肉锻炼可能是降低血压的最佳方式，再结合画线短语前的“This type of training”可知，这种类型的训练指的是上文中提到的“不运动的肌肉锻炼”。由此可知，画线短语应与“不运动的肌肉锻炼”意义相近，即静力肌肉锻炼。 13．How did the researchers carry out the study? A．By providing statistics. B．By interviewing experts. C．By doing experiments. D．By making comparisons. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“From a review of 270 trials ... the greatest reductions in blood pressure.”可知，此项研究是对以前的研究数据进行分析，通过比较得出的结论。由此可知，该项实验是通过对比进行的。 14．What does the author suggest the future studies about isometric exercise focus on? A．Exploring the reasons for its effectiveness. B．Demonstrating its influences on mental health. C．Assessing its suitability for different populations. D．Determining its long­term impacts on blood pressure. 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据尾段内容可知，接下来需要更多的研究确定为什么静力肌肉锻炼比其他运动更能降低血压。由此可知，作者建议未来关于静力肌肉锻炼的研究重点是探究其有效性的原因。 15．What is the text mainly about? A．The benefits of aerobic exercises. B．The best exercise for blood pressure. C．The effects of various types of exercises. D．The importance of keeping a healthy lifestyle. 解析：选B　主旨大意题。首段中的“Recent research suggests another type of physical activity is worth including as an effective tool to prevent and treat high blood pressure.”是文章的主题句，下文内容围绕该主题句展开，介绍了该项研究的过程和结果。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Four Tips to Promote Your Self­Confidence The following tips might help promote your self­confidence, so you can feel more comfortable with whom you are. __16__ Developing positive thoughts can serve as a good foundation, but the people around you can have a significant influence on your self­confidence as well. Consider surrounding yourself with people who build you up and encourage you to follow what you want in life. Set goals for yourself. You don't have to set large goals: you might begin with small goals that you can easily achieve. For example, you might set a goal to take a walk every day after work. It may be helpful to keep a list of the accomplishments that have made you feel proud. __17__ Think about what makes you feel attractive. It can be easy to fall into the trap of looking for imperfections in ourselves, both inside and outside. __18__ You might begin with qualities that make you a good friend, parent or coworker. You can also find ways to bring out your natural beauty by making small changes. __19__ For example, you might try a new hairstyle, buy an article of clothing that you like, etc. Do something brave once a week. It can be frightening to put ourselves out there, but sometimes the risk can be worth the reward. Taking risks doesn't necessarily mean going bungee jumping or mountain climbing. __20__ Perhaps you might talk to that person you're interested in. Even if it doesn't turn out the way you want it to, just taking the leap shows self­confidence and may make you feel proud of yourself. A．Make influences on others. B．Surround yourself with positivity. C．Achieving large goals is one way to feel confident. D．You can simply do something to step out of your comfort zone. E．Instead, you might make a list of things that make you attractive. F．You can use this list as motivation to get you to achieve your bigger goals. G．Sometimes, even the simplest change can make us feel good about ourselves. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章分享了提升自信的四个技巧。 16．选B　后文“Developing ... in life.”主要说明周围的人对自信有影响，建议与那些发挥鼓励作用的人待在一起。空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，需和其他段落首句一样使用祈使句，且需统领段落内容，因此B项符合语境，契合后文内容，其中的Surround和后文的surrounding呼应。 17．选F　前文“It may be ... proud.”建议列清单记录自己的成就，空处应该和这张清单的作用相关，因此F项符合语境，承接前文，其中的this list指代前文的a list of the accomplishments that have made you feel proud。 18．选E　前文“It can be easy ... and outside.”提到我们通常会关注自己的缺点，后文“You might ... coworker. ”建议关注自己的美好品质。空处应该表示转折，建议不要只看到缺点，因此E项符合语境。 19．选G　前文“You can also find ... changes.”建议做出小改变发现自身的美，后文“For example, ... you like, etc. ”给出具体的小改变的例子。空处应该起到过渡作用，说明做出小改变的好处，因此G项符合语境，承上启下，其中的the simplest change和前文的small changes呼应。 20．选D　前文“Taking risks ... climbing.”指出冒险不等同于做极限运动，后文“Perhaps ... you're interested in.”列举简单的冒险的事例，空处应该会把冒险和简单的事情联系起来，因此D项符合语境，承上启下。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $