Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Using language 课时跟踪检测-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册配套练习word（外研版）

Section Ⅲ　Using language [课时跟踪检测]　　　(标语篇配有教师讲评课件) Ⅰ.阅读理解() In today's motivational literature, failure is often viewed as something to be celebrated.Inspirational speakers are fond of quoting the words of the novelist Samuel Beckett — “Fail again.Fail better.” It seems that disappointments are an essential stepping stone to success, a turning point in our life story that will ultimately end in victory. However, psychological research finds most of us struggle to handle failure constructively.In other words, we fail to “fail forward”．We find ways to devalue the task at which we failed, and become less motivated to persevere and reach our goals.This phenomenon is known as the “sour­grape effect”， which was discovered by Professor Hallgeir Sjastad. Sjastad explains that “sour­grape effect” is a self­protective mechanism.“Most of us picture ourselves as competent people, so when external feedback suggests otherwise, it poses a serious threat to that self­image，” he says.“The easiest way out is to deny or explain away the external signal, so we can reduce the inconsistency and preserve a positive sense of self.We do this even without noticing.” If you have one bad interview for your dream job, you might convince yourself that you don't really want it at all, and stop applying for similar positions.The same goes if you fail to impress at a sports trial, or if a publisher rejects the first submission of your manuscript (手稿)．“We tend to explain away our shortcomings and convince ourselves our ‘Plan C’ is actually our ‘Plan A’，” Sjastad says. It doesn't mean we should persevere in pursuing goals all the time.It can be healthy to change ambitions if the process is no longer making us happy.But the “sour­grape effect” may lead us to come to this decision prematurely,_rather than hanging on a little and seeing whether we might learn and improve. Failures are unavoidable.By learning to face the disappointment instead of devaluing its importance and pretending nothing happened, you may find it easier to achieve your goals. 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了正确的失败观——相比于仅仅把失败当作一种幸运，更重要的是要有建设性地“失败”，勇敢面对失望，并从中总结经验。 1．Why does the author mention the speech of inspirational speakers in paragraph 1? A．To offer an example to handle failure. B．To describe a shallow understanding of failure. C．To introduce a common attitude towards failure. D．To emphasize the importance of experiencing failure. 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段前两句，尤其是段首的“However”可知，第一段提出了一个看似励志实则肤浅的观点，由此引出下文作者自己的见解：仅仅把失败当作成功的基石是肤浅的，而要有建设性地“失败”，并从中学习经验。 2．What can we learn from paragraph 3 about the “sour­grape effect”？ A．It protects us from false feedback. B．It pictures us as competitive people. C．It poses a severe threat to self­image. D．It denies negative feedback to ourselves. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，“酸葡萄效应”是一种自我保护机制，会否认外界对我们的负面反馈。 3．What does the underlined word “prematurely” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Unhappily.　　　　　B．Mistakenly. C．Hurriedly. D．Carelessly. 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“rather than hanging on a little and seeing whether we might learn and improve”可推知，prematurely与“hanging on a little”相反，应是表示“提前地，过早地”。 4．Which statement would the author most probably agree with? A．Don't escape when our self­image is broken. B．Don't quit when goals no longer make you happy. C．Never hesitate to replace “Plan A” with “Plan C”． D．Never forget to maintain a positive sense of self. 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者通过全文的讨论，呼吁大家树立正确的失败观，警惕“酸葡萄效应”，当自我形象因失败而被打破时，不要逃避，不要贬低失败的价值，而是要勇敢地面对，并从中学习和提升。 Ⅱ.完形填空 I experienced a day when I was extraordinarily __5__.I'm never a picture of grace, but on this particular day, I seemed to be __6__ everything.It's an old house, and the floor is __7__ in some places, so my fall was the floor's fault.But when I fell again on my way out to the car, and yet again in my own home, I began to grow __8__.Had I let myself get so stressed out that I had __9__ become sick? Having been raised by parents who worked in the mental­health field, I tended to look for spiritual and emotional reasons before I headed to the local __10__.I had the calming practice that __11__ yoga poses with breathing exercises.I went to __12__ more comfortable clothes for the exercise, and as I removed my shoes, I was __13__！ I wasn't having a stroke at all.I had completely worn out my favorite pair of sandals.The soles (鞋底) of both shoes were split in two! I had __14__ all the possibilities to figure out what was causing my clumsiness.It never occurred to me to check my soles. So often when we start to feel __15__， we look for ways to make things better.But just as it never occurred to me to check the soles of my shoes, so our own souls are the very __16__ thing we think of to check.Take a moment to remember the last time you sat still, meditating.If you can't remember when that was, it might be a(n) __17__. The local cobbler (鞋匠) said my soles were irreparable.We had a good __18__， but it was time to let them go.Fortunately for us, our souls can be mended and restored — once we realize they are in need of __19__. 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者因为走路总是绊倒，从而怀疑自己患了中风，后来才知道是自己的鞋底出了问题。作者用自己的经历告诉人们：遇到问题要冷静思考，一旦发现问题就马上修复。 5．A.busy　　　　　　 B．clumsy C．stressed D．bored 解析：选B　根据下文的“I'm never a picture of grace”以及“But when I fell again on my way out to the car, and yet again in my own home, I began to grow ________.”可知，作者这天总是跌倒，所以是笨手笨脚的一天。 6．A.going through B．stepping on C．falling off D．tripping over 解析：选D　根据下文的“But when I fell again on my way out to the car, and yet again in my own home, I began to grow ________.”可知，作者这天总是跌倒，所以作者觉得什么都能绊倒自己。 7．A.uneven B．sharp C．stained D．shallow 解析：选A　根据上文可知，作者总是绊倒；再根据下文“so my fall was the floor's fault”可知，作者认为自己绊倒是地板的错，由此判断地板不平整。 8．A.inspired B．grieved C．concerned D．interested 解析：选C　根据下文“Had I let myself get so stressed out that I had ________ become sick？”可知，作者开始担心自己生病了。 9．A.luckily B．literally C．obviously D．doubtfully 解析：选B　根据下文“I tended to look for spiritual and emotional reasons before I headed to the local ________”可知，作者觉得自己是真的生病了。literally在此处意为“真正地，确实地”。 10．A.doctor B．coach C．tailor D．psychologist 解析：选A　根据上文“Having been raised by parents who worked in the mental­health field, I tended to look for spiritual and emotional reasons”可知，因为父母在心理健康领域工作，当作者感觉自己有可能生病了的时候，首先倾向于寻找精神和情感上的原因，然后才考虑找医生。 11．A.exchanged B．equipped C．associated D．combined 解析：选D　根据下文的“with”以及“I went to ________ more comfortable clothes for the exercise”可知，作者是准备去做训练，而这个训练结合了瑜伽动作和呼吸训练。 12．A.wrap up B．take off C．change into D．look after 解析：选C　根据空后的“more comfortable clothes for the exercise, and as I removed my shoes, I was ________”可知，作者是换成更舒服的衣服去训练。 13．A.rescued B．cured C．injured D．slipped 解析：选B　根据下文“I wasn't having a stroke at all.I had completely worn out my favorite pair of sandals.The soles (鞋底) of both shoes were split in two！”可知，作者知道了自己总是跌倒的原因，所以是“痊愈”了。 14．A.exhausted B．predicted C．ignored D．discussed 解析：选A　根据上文的“Having been raised by parents who worked in the mental­health field, I tended to look for spiritual and emotional reasons before I headed to the local ________.”可知，作者是想尽方法来找出自己笨手笨脚的原因。exhaust在此处意为“详尽研究”。 15．A.delighted B．divided C．overwhelmed D．thrilled 解析：选C　根据上文可知，作者以为自己生病了，所以想尽方法寻找原因。故可推知，作者当时有些不知所措。此处指通常当我们感到不知所措时，我们会寻找方法使事情变好。 16．A.best B．last C．easiest D．hardest 解析：选B　根据上文内容可知，作者误以为自己患病后，想了很多办法，却唯独没有检查自己的鞋底。本句为类比，所以心灵是我们最不会想到的去检查的东西。 17．A.mistake B．solution C．test D．clue 解析：选D　结合语境可知，如果你不记得上次静坐冥想是什么时候，那就意味着你需要这么做了。 18．A.run B．exercise C．yoga D．gesture 解析：选A　根据上文的“I had completely worn out my favorite pair of sandals.”可知，作者非常喜欢这双鞋。由此推知，作者穿着这双鞋度过了一段美好的时光。run在此处为熟词生义，意为“一段时光”。 19．A.repair B．review C．response D．replacement 解析：选A　根据上文的“Fortunately for us, our souls can be mended and restored”可知，空处指的是内心需要“修补”的时候。 Ⅲ.语法填空(15分) People say that 18__20__ (mark) a new chapter in our lives, and that we should become more independent. I used to believe this, but the reality for me has been very __21__ (difference). I assumed I'd already have a well­paid job and that I'd be moving into a rented apartment as soon as I turned 18, but __22__ wrong I was! My librarian's salary means that I'll be living with my parents for a while __23__ (long). Because I contribute to the household bills __24__ my commute to work is quite expensive, I find it hard __25__ (save) any money. I'll be starting a new job next month, however, so maybe things will get easier. I know I could get a bank loan to pay __26__ deposit on my very own apartment, but I don't feel ready to make that kind of __27__ (commit), and I do like my mom's __28__ (cook). I guess some __29__ (responsibility) are more about attitude than age. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在18岁后的生活状况、经济压力以及对未来的态度，展现了个人成长过程中的真实感受和思考。 20．marks　考查时态和主谓一致。本句描述一般事实，用一般现在时；从句主语18是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填marks。 21．different　考查形容词。此处作表语，需要用difference的形容词形式different，意为“不同的”。故填different。 22．how　考查感叹句的引导词。空后为形容词，用how引导感叹句，强调“我错得多么厉害”，符合语境。故填how。 23．longer　考查副词比较级。结合语境，此处表示“与父母同住更长时间”，用long的比较级longer。故填longer。 24．and　考查连词。前后两个分句“I contribute to the household bills”和“my commute to work is quite expensive”为并列关系，用and连接。故填and。 25．to save　考查非谓语动词。句中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语用动词不定式，即“find it ＋ 形容词 ＋ to do sth.”结构。故填to save。 26．the　考查冠词。此处特指“我自己的公寓的押金”，用定冠词the表特指。故填the。 27．commitment　考查名词。空前有that kind of修饰，需要用commit的名词形式commitment，意为“承诺”，作make的宾语。故填commitment。 28．cooking　考查名词。此处表示“妈妈做的饭”，用cook的名词形式cooking，意为“烹饪(的食物)”，作like的宾语。故填cooking。 29．responsibilities　考查名词复数。空后的are表明主语为复数，responsibility的复数形式是responsibilities。故填responsibilities。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $