Unit 6 Section Ⅲ Using language-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册教师用书word（外研版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦情态动词复习这一核心知识点，以“语境中体悟—学案中理清—应用中融通”为脉络搭建学习支架。先通过节日主题语篇呈现can、would等情态动词用法，再系统梳理can/could、may/might等八大类情态动词的特征及“情态动词+have done”结构，最后结合短文填空、完成句子等练习巩固应用。 该资料特色鲜明，以语境化教学提升语言能力，如用节日例句帮助理解情态动词表意功能；通过对比辨析must与have to等培养思维品质，强化知识逻辑；结合太空主题听力材料及词汇拓展（如no wonder、submit）增强学习能力。课中辅助教师系统授课，课后助力学生通过应用练习查漏补缺，实现语言知识与运用能力的融合。

Section Ⅲ　Using language 语法项目——复习情态动词 语境中体悟 Festivals are celebrated all around the world. They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religions and important events. Festivals can① also be held to honour famous people. Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors. Most ancient festivals would② celebrate the end of cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn. Most restaurants ought to③ be full of people during these festivals. For the Qingming Festival, people should④ go to sweep graves in memory of their ancestors. And if you study festivals carefully, you may⑤ be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot in common after all. [语法入门] ①中的can意为“可以”； ②中的would表示过去的习惯性动作，意为“过去常会”； ③中的ought to是情态动词，意为“应该”； ④中的should表示责任与义务，意为“应该”； ⑤中的may表示推测，意为“也许会”。 学案中理清 一、情态动词的概念及特征　 情态动词是一种本身有一定的意义，表示说话人对某一动作或状态的情绪、态度或语气的动词，但不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词原形一起构成谓语。常见的情态动词有：can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare, shall (should), will (would)等。 情态动词有以下特征： 1．在形式上，情态动词没有实义动词的各种变化，只有could, would, had to, might等几个过去式，其他情态动词如 must, ought to 等的过去式皆与一般式同形。 2．在意义上，大多数情态动词有多种含义，如 can可以表达“能力；可能；许可”等。 3．在用法上，情态动词与助动词一样，后须接动词原形，一起构成谓语。 二、can与could的用法　 1．can与could表示能力，意为“能；会”。 2．can与could表示请求和许可(could用来表示请求时，语气更委婉，回答时一般用 can)。 3．can与could用于肯定的陈述句中，表示理论上的可能性，意为“有时会；(有时)可能会”。 4．can与could表示可能性，用于表示把握比较大的推测，常用于疑问句和否定句中，can't/couldn't表示“不可能”。 [对点练]　(填入适当的情态动词或其否定式) ①That can't be Mary, for she is in hospital. ②Could/Can you please do me a favor? ③You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs. ④—Can this book be yours? —No, it can't be mine.It must be his. 三、may与might的用法　 1．may与might在肯定句中表示允许，意为“可以”。 2．may与might在疑问句中用于征求许可(might表示的语气更委婉)。 3．may与might表示推测，意为“可能；或许”。 4．may 用于祈使句中，表示祝愿。构成句型： May＋you/n.＋动词原形＋其他…… [对点练]　 (1)根据句意填入适当的情态动词 ①(2025·全国Ⅱ卷)You may know the “feel­good” emotions that come with helping others, but there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family. ②He may/might have been to some of those places, but I am not sure. ③Might I have a look at your new computer? (2)完成句子 ④Sometimes it might/may_be_helpful to use examples to explain abstract concepts. 有时候举例也许有助于解释抽象的概念。 四、must与have to的用法　 1．must表示义务、命令等，意为“必须”，强调说话人的主观态度。 2．must其否定形式为 mustn't，意为“不许；禁止”。 3．对以 must 开头的一般疑问句进行否定回答时，应用 don't have to/needn't (不必，没必要)。 4．must表示肯定的推测，意为“一定”，只用于肯定句。 5．must表示与说话人的愿望相反或不耐烦，意为“偏偏，偏要”。 6．have to表示客观需要，意为“不得不；必须”，强调客观上的必要性。 [对点练]　(选词填空：must/mustn't/don't have to) ①You must be Carol.You haven't changed a bit after all these years. ②The new law states that people mustn't drive after drinking alcohol. ③You don't_have_to buy a gift, but you can if you want to. ④John, look at the time.Must you play the piano at such a late hour? 五、shall与should/ought to的用法　 1．shall表示征求对方的意见或向对方请示，用于主语是第一或第三人称的疑问句中。 2．shall表示说话人的命令、警告、许诺或威胁等，用于主语是第二或第三人称的陈述句中。 3．should/ought to表示责任与义务，意为“应该；应当”， ought to 语气更强。 4．should表示说话人根据一定的情况作出推测，意为“应该会”。 5．should 表示惊讶、意外或不应该发生的事，意为“竟然”。 [对点练]　(选词填空：shall/should/ought to) ①In my opinion, whenever in trouble, we should/ought_to seek help from those we trust most. ②—I haven't got the reference book yet, but I'll have a test on the subject next month. —Don't worry.You shall have it by Friday. ③It's strange that he should have taken the books without the owner's permission. 六、will/would的用法　 1．will 表示现在的“意愿”，would 表示过去的“意愿”。 2．will/would表示征求意见或提出请求，主要用于第二人称疑问句中，would此时不表示过去，而是表示委婉语气。 3．will表示某种倾向或习惯性动作，意为“总会；老是”；would 表示过去反复发生的动作或过去的一种倾向。 4．will表示意图或允诺。 [对点练]　(选词填空：will/would) ①I still remember my happy childhood when my mother would take me to the museum at weekends. ②—Daddy, can you buy me a new guitar when you go to Beijing? —You will get one if you are admitted to a key middle school. ③I was worried that our 15­month­old boy would fall into the habit of crying at night. 七、need, dare与had better的用法　 1．need 表示必要性，意为“需要”；dare 表示“敢于”。 2．need和dare作情态动词时常用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中，无人称和数的变化，疑问句和否定句中不加助动词。need引出的一般疑问句作肯定回答时要用must，作否定回答时要用needn't或don't have to。 3．need 和 dare用作实义动词时，need在肯定句中，其后接带to的不定式；在否定句、疑问句中要加助动词。dare其后既可接带to的不定式，也可接不带to 的不定式。 4．had better表示“应该，最好”，无人称和时态的变化。其否定形式为had better not。 [对点练]　(单句语法填空) ①To make it easier to get in touch with us, you'd better keep (keep) this card at hand. ②He dares (to)_challenge (challenge) all kinds of difficulties. ③My room is in a mess, but I needn't clean (clean) it before I go out tonight.I can do it tomorrow morning. ④— Need I hand in the application now? — Yes, you must./No, you needn't/don't_have_to. 八、情态动词＋have done　 情态动词可以与实义动词的完成式合用，表示对过去发生的动作的推测。情态动词的完成式常分为以下两种情况： (1)对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测 must have done “(过去)一定做了”，语气比较肯定，用于肯定句 may/might have done “(过去)可能做了”，语气不确定，用于肯定句和否定句 can/could have done 用于否定句和疑问句，表示怀疑或不确定 (2)表示与过去事实相反 could have done 过去本可以做但实际上没做 needn't have done 过去本不必做但实际上做了 ought to/should have done 过去本应该做但实际上没做 oughtn't to/shouldn't have done 过去不应该做但实际上做了 [对点练]　(完成句子) ①(2025·全国Ⅰ卷)They could_have_written_pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn't strike them as important. 他们本可以长篇大论地阐述计算机的必要性，但写作本身在他们看来实在无足轻重。 ②—Sorry, Mum！I failed the job interview again. —Oh, it's too bad. You should/ought_to_have_made_full_preparations. ——对不起，妈妈！我这次工作面试又失败了。 ——哦，真是太糟糕了。你本该做好充分准备的。 ③My book is missing.Who could_have_taken it? 我的书不见了。谁有可能拿走它了呢？ ④Look what you've done! You ought_to/should_have_done_the_experiment_more_carefully. 看你都做了什么！你本应该更仔细地做这个实验。 ⑤You needn't_have_told_them what had happened between us. 你本不必告诉他们我们之间发生了什么事。 应用中融通 Ⅰ.用适当的情态动词完成短文(含否定形式) Now I have been in the new school for three months and I adapt to the life here well. I ①needn't have worried before I came here. The school is beautiful and the classmates are friendly. The teachers speak so clearly that even I ②can understand what they said well. Students ③must obey school rules and are not allowed to speak freely in class.We ④should/ought_to arrive at school before 8 o'clock in the morning.One of our rules is that every student ⑤shall wear the school uniform while at school. Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成短文 Friendship is of great importance.Everyone ①needs_to_maintain_friendship (需要维持友谊)．In all our lives we ②can't_live (不能生活) without friendship.But real friendship is not easy to come by.Jealousy ③will_spoil_friendship (会破坏友谊)．Time goes by, and good friends ④may/might be lost (可能会失去)．True friendship ⑤must_be_sincere (必须是真诚的) and be based on the understanding of each other.A good friend ⑥can_always_be_a_good_teacher (往往会是一位好老师) to us.A good friend ⑦should/ought_to_be_kind_and_patient (应该是亲切而有耐心的)．Therefore, the more true friends we have, the better we can improve ourselves. 教材听力“再利用” 一、由听力厚积语料库 1．millions and millions of　 无数的…… 2．communicate with 与……沟通 3．in many ways 在许多方面 4．take short cuts 走捷径 5．agree_with 同意，和……意见一致 6．look_like 看起来像…… 7．make_contact_with 与……接触；与……联系 8．the_solution_to ……的解决办法 二、教材录音材料的发掘训练 1．Who think there will be forms of life on other planets? A．Eric.　　B．Sophie.　　C．Interviewer. 2．What may life look like on an ocean planet? A．Fish. B．Balloons C．Human beings. 答案：1.B　2.A 三、依据教材听力完成句子 1．There_must_be millions and millions of planets like our Earth out there. 2．Statistically, you would think_it_likely_that_there_are_forms_of_life somewhere. 3．I admit that_this_is_a_possible_answer to the Fermi Paradox. 4．Since conditions on other planets won't be like those on Earth, it_isn't_reasonable_to_think_that they will be like us at all. 5．It_has_even_been_suggested_that on a cloud planet they could look like balloons. 6．Well, there's_evidence_that evolution would work the same way everywhere. 四、听说交际训练 根据本课关于太空中的生命的表达，结合汉语提示完成下面对话。 A：Hi, Wang Ming! I've been reading about space exploration. ①I_think_there_definitely_is_life_out_there_in_space (我确信太空中一定存在生命)． B: Well, it's a big universe! Since we've found so many exoplanets, ②it_isn't_reasonable_to_think_Earth_is_the_only_one_with_life (认为地球是唯一有生命的星球就不合理了). A：Exactly! There's evidence that some planets have similar conditions to Earth, like liquid water. B：③It_would_be_wonderful (那将会是很美好) if we could meet life on other planets someday, learning how they live. A：Right! ④The_fact_that_space_technology_is_developing_so_fast (太空技术发展如此迅速的事实) means we might get closer to answers. B：⑤Let's_hope_that (让我们希望/但愿) humans can build a base on Mars and experience real “life in space” soon. A: That would be amazing! Space holds so many mysteries waiting to be unlocked. 听力素材“多积累” 与“太空探索”有关的表达： 1．extreme adj.　　　　　　 极端的 2．extraordinary adj. 非凡的 3．challenge n. 挑战 4．unpredictable adj. 难以预测的 5．landscape n. 景观 6．severe adj. 严重的 7．defeat v. 打败 8．latitude n. 纬度 9．receiver n. 接收器 10．calculate v. 计算 11．Life in space is wonderful and challenging! 太空生活真是既奇妙又有挑战性！ 12．Every day in space I experience amazing and unexpected things. 在太空的每一天，我都会体验到奇妙且又令人意想不到的事情。 1．No wonder so many people took to social media to bid it goodbye, saying, “Farewell, dear Cassini! ...” 难怪这么多人在社交媒体上跟它道别，“再见，亲爱的卡西尼！……” ★no wonder难怪；不足为奇 |用|法|感|知| •(“活动介绍”类写作佳句)No wonder many students think highly of this exhibition, which provides a platform for them to explore the beauty of Chinese art. 难怪很多学生对这次展览评价很高，这次展览为他们探索中国艺术之美提供了一个平台。 •It is a wonder that you didn't lose your way in the dark.你在黑暗中居然没有迷路，这真令人惊奇。 •(2025·全国Ⅰ卷写作)I wonder whether “Fun at my school” will be more popular among students. 我想知道 “校园趣事” 这个栏目是否会更受学生欢迎。 　 (1)No wonder (that) ...＝It's no wonder (that) ...难怪……；……不足为奇 It is a wonder that ... 奇怪的是…… (2)wonder at ... 对……感到惊讶 wonder about ... 对……感到疑惑 wonder whether (if)/when/why/how ... 想知道是否/什么时候/为什么/怎么……　 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①It is a wonder that he should have passed the exam. ②I don't wonder at her falling asleep in the middle of the play, for it was a very uninteresting performance. ③Apart from hard work, he was modest.No_wonder_he_could_make_great_achievements.除了工作努力外，他还很谦虚。难怪他能取得巨大的成就。 2．Submit a three­minute video 提交一段三分钟的视频 ★submit v．提交；呈递；顺从；屈服；不得已接受 |用|法|感|知| •We should fight with our inner vulnerability bravely rather than submit to it.我们应当与内心的脆弱勇敢地做斗争，而不是屈服于它。 •(2025·全国Ⅱ卷写作)Could you please submit the article about Canadian sports to the school English newspaper by Friday? 您能否在周五前把那篇关于加拿大体育运动的文章提交给校英文报呢？ (1)submit to sb./sth.　　　　 屈从于…… submit oneself to sb./sth. 听命于…… submit sth. to sb./sth. 把某物提交给某人/某物 (2)submission n. 提交　　 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①It is requested that you should submit your investigation report to me before the deadline. ②Tomorrow is the last date for submission (submit) of entries for the competition. ③In spite of challenges and hardships in his life, he_determined_never_to_submit_(himself)_to_them. 尽管他的生活中充满了挑战和磨难，但他下定决心决不向它们屈服。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $