内容正文:
Section Ⅵ Writing
写作项目——Writing about the unexplained
本单元要求写一篇介绍自然界神秘现象的文章,属于现象说明文。此类文体较为常见,一般应先指出某地存在某种现象,然后说明这种现象产生的原因,最后发表看法。 文章通常先列举相关事例作为导入,然后深入分析,采用由现象到本质、层层深入的行文模式。
由教材学写作
一、学文体架构
(一)析教材课文
Para.1:A general introduction of the unexplained phenomenon.
Para.2:The reason why it is mysterious.
Para.3:The nonscientific explanations.
Para.4:Scientists' explanation.
(二)根据教材课文呈现的介绍神秘现象的文章,可总结出该类文体的框架结构如下:
二、学写作手法
第二段尾句使用了疑问句,能引起读者兴趣;第三段第一句使用了it作形式主语,最后一句使用了感叹句,以引起读者的关注。
①It_is_essential_that we should protect the ocean.
我们很有必要保护海洋。
②What_a_fascinating_place her hometown is!
她的家乡是个多么迷人的地方啊!
三、学逻辑衔接
文章第四段作者在介绍科学家的观点时,使用了however, It's more likely ...that ..., The rest ...等连接成分,使句子之间层次清晰,逻辑顺畅,语意连贯。
四、学亮点表达
1.亮点词汇
(1)第一段使用了形容词numerous,强调了这些遗址规模庞大、遍布广泛;使用形容词impressive强调了自然特征的非凡之处。这两个形容词在句子中丰富了语言的表达,增强了读者对句子所描述内容的感知和印象,构建了一个既包含丰富的古代文明遗迹又拥有令人难忘的自然景观的画面。
(2)第三段第二句使用了形容词amazing,强调这些自然特征非同寻常、令人惊叹,使读者在阅读时能够感受到作者对这些自然特征的敬畏和赞赏之情,有助于增强句子的表现力和感染力。
2.亮点句式
第一段使用了过去分词短语“known as the 30th parallel north”作后置定语,修饰名词词组a special line of latitude;介词短语Along ...前置,谓语lie位于主语之前,构成完全倒装句。
①The Grand Canyon in Arizona is an_amazing_natural_wonder.
亚利桑那州的大峡谷是一个令人惊叹的自然奇观。
②Along the ancient Silk Road, numerous_ruins_of_civilizations dot the landscape, showing the once rich history and culture.沿着古老的丝绸之路,无数的文明遗迹点缀着风景,显示着曾经丰富的历史和文化。
③The Great Barrier Reef, stretching for over 2,300 kilometers along the coast of Australia, is an_impressive_display of marine biodiversity.
大堡礁沿着澳大利亚海岸绵延2 300多千米,展示着令人印象深刻的海洋生物多样性。
④The plan related_to_the_project is under discussion.
与这个项目有关的计划正在讨论中。
⑤Along_the_corridor_lie at least twenty umbrellas of various sizes and colors.走廊(corridor)里放着至少二十把雨伞,五颜六色,大小不等。
具体写作指导
How to write about the unexplained
——如何写一篇介绍神秘现象的文章
第一步:构思谋篇
Part 1
A brief introduction of the unexplained phenomenon.
Part 2
Main body (introduce mysterious features and nonscientific explanations).
Part 3
Conclusion (scientists' explanation).
第二步:要点表达
第一部分 自然界的神秘现象
①Have you ever wondered why some lakes seem to disappear without a trace, only_to_reappear_years_later? 你有没有想过,为什么有些湖泊消失得无影无踪,几年后又重新出现?
②The Bermuda Triangle, a part of the ocean where_ships_and_planes_have_mysteriously
_disappeared,_is a fascinating yet unexplained mystery.
百慕大三角是海洋的一部分,船只和飞机在这里神秘失踪,它是一个迷人但无法解释的谜团。
③Did you know that there are strange glowing lights in the sky called_ball_lightning? Scientists are still trying to figure out what causes this bizarre natural event.你知道吗,天空中有一些奇怪的发光体,叫做球状闪电?科学家们仍在试图找出是什么导致了这种奇怪的自然事件。
④Deep in the ocean, there are creatures glowing in the dark, which is so_beautiful_but_mysterious_that we're still learning about how and why these animals produce light.在海洋深处,有一些生物在黑暗中发光,这种光是如此美丽又神秘,我们仍在了解这些动物是如何以及为什么发光的。
第二部分 对自然界神秘现象的非科学解释
①Legend_has_it_that ball lightning is a restless spirit, creating its energy in the form of a glowing ball.传说球状闪电是一个躁动不安的精灵,以发光的球状表现其能量。
②The fairy circles of Namibia are believed to_be_created by fairies dancing in the night.纳米比亚的仙女圈被认为是由仙女们在夜里跳舞创造的。
③It_is_said_that the Great Blue Hole in Belize is a gateway to another world, connecting our land with an underwater kingdom filled with wonders.
据说伯利兹的大蓝洞是通往另一个世界的门户,将我们的国度与一个充满奇迹的水下王国连接起来。
第三部分 对自然界神秘现象的科学解释
①The Northern Lights are_caused_by charged particles from the sun entering Earth's atmosphere and interacting with its magnetic field, exciting gases to glow in bright colors.
北极光是由来自太阳的带电粒子进入地球大气层并与其磁场相互作用引起的,激发气体发出亮丽的光。
②Fireflies produce light through a chemical reaction in their bellies, helping_them_communicate_with_other_fireflies.萤火虫通过其腹部的化学反应产生光。这种光线有助于它们与其他萤火虫交流。
[针对练笔]
根据下面表格中的内容写一篇有关“北美大脚怪(Bigfoot)”的短文,向校报的“自然探秘”栏目投稿。
出没地址
北美
怪物描述
像猿(ape),高6—10英尺,重500磅以上,全身覆盖棕色或红色毛,头和眼睛很大,脚印长达24英寸
发现情况
科学家和研究人员也找到了相关的毛发、粪便(waste)及大脚印等
结论
无其他证据证明其存在,也许是当地传说以吓唬徒步者或猎人
根据括号内的汉语提示补全短文
Bigfoot, which was first seen in North America, is ①one_of_the_worldfamous_mysteries (世界闻名的神秘事件之一).
Witnesses described it as an apelike creature. It was said to be 6-10 feet tall, and ②weigh_over_500_pounds (体重超过500磅).Besides, it was claimed to be covered in brown or red fur ③with__two_large_eyes_and_a_big_head (有一双大眼睛和一个大脑袋). Footprints up to 24 inches long have also been found.
Teams of scientists and researchers ④who_have_been_there_to_do_research (曾去那里做研究的) have found things related to it, such as waste, fur, big footprints and so on. However, ⑤so_far_there_has_been_no_other_evidence_to_prove_its_existence (到目前为止,还没有其他证据证明它的存在). Some people think it may be just folk tales or stories to terrify hikers or hunters in North America.
写作素材储备
1.描述某种神秘现象
①The monster of ...is back in the news.
②It is known to all that ...
③It lies in ...
④It looks like a ...
2.描述对神秘现象的解释
①Some scientists think that ...
②Some people believe in its existence, because ...
③By recent research, we can learn that ...
④Other scientists consider ...
3.描述个人对此现象的认识
①Personally, I (don't) believe ...
②As far as I am concerned, I think ...
③In my point of view, I believe ...
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