Unit 5 Section I Starting out&Understanding ideas-【成才之路·学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步新课程学习指导(外研版)

●113 Unit 5 Into the unknown 单元核心素养 civilisation,bury,astronomy,canal,ruin, 文化意识让学生了解世界上未知的一些现象；根据未 abandon,dismiss,expansion,investigation,millimetre 1核心单词 解现象的相关信息形成对它们的初步认知 substance,drilling,volume 单 语言能力 元核心素养 通过学习和了解本单元与未解之谜相关 的知识，培养自己的科学探索精神：通过 思维品质 学习主课文形成对未解之谜正确的认知 fall into ruin,make a getaway,run for one's life, 态度 check out,test the waters,steer clear of,set out, throw oneself into,think twice,shrink from,look into 核心短语 复习名词性从句语法 能熟练运用本单元的词汇和语法写有 学习能力 关未解之谜的文章：会表达与未解之谜 或科学探险相关的话题观点 写一篇关于未解现象的文章 写作任务 单元话题导读 One of the greatest mysteries on the Earth is the statues (standing on Easter Island.Easter Island is one of the most remote islands on the Earth.It is in the southern Pacific Ocean,2,300 miles west of the coast of Chile and 2,500 miles southeast of Tahiti. Who built these statues and why and how did they get there?Nobody knows the answer for sure,but many are trying to find it out.It has even been suggested that space aliens may have played a role regarding the statues.There are also other theories about them. One theory suggests that Easter Island was occupied by Polynesian sailors,who traveled thousands of miles in their canoes(),guided by the stars and the birds making flights out to look for food.They first arrived on the island in 400 AD.However,they were trapped by the current () The Easter Islanders had their own system of writing,different from any other in the world.No other Pacific Islanders knew how to write.Who taught the Easter Islanders how to write,or did they develop their own system? In brief,Easter Island continues to be one of the world's greatest unexplained mysteries. 114 Section I Starting out Understanding ideas 课前自虽预司 ①核心单词 加拿大男孩威廉·甘德瑞认为自己从对古代 1. n.文明（社会） 星象图的研究中有了一个惊人的发现。 x.(因奇特或神秘而)激起…的2.hat引导同位语从句 兴趣，引起…的好奇心 The fact 3. .将…埋在下面 makes its achievements all the more 又 n.金字塔 incredible and mysterious. 5. n.运河 事实上，玛雅社会在技术上是比较原始的，这 6 ad山.来自热带的；产于热带的 使得它的这些成就更加难以置信，更加神秘。 7. n.气旋；旋风 3.现在分词短语作结果状语 8. n.超级千旱 Its once-great cities fell into ruin, 9 n.衰败 10. n.残垣断壁，废墟 它曾经的大城市荒废了，留下了各种各样的谜 11. .拒绝考虑，否定 团等待后人去解决。 12. n.天文学→ n.宇 ⑩课文预读 航员 （一)快读文章，把握大意 13. u.离弃，逃离→ 1.What's the main idea of the passage? ad.被抛弃的 A.William Gadoury's new discovery about the 14. n.扩大；增加→ Maya civilisation. . 扩大；增加 B.A true writing system that the Maya people had created. ①重点短语 C.Some possible reasons why the Maya 1. 和…一致 civilisation fell down. 2. 以…为基础 D.How the Maya civilisation was formed. 3. 被…包围 2.Read the passage and match the main idea of 4. 把…应用到…中 each paragraph. 5 更加 Para.1 A.Why Maya civilisation 6 …的结合 collapsed. 7. 应付；对付 Para.2 B.A Canadian boy spotted 8 导致；通向 an unknown Maya city 9 以不同的速度 buried deep in the 10. 衰落，败落 jungle ⑩经典句式 Para.3 C.We should learn from the 1.过去分词短语作状语 downfall of the Maya civilisation. 15-year-old Canadian William Paras.4-5 D.What caused the Maya to Gadoury thought he had made an incredible abandon their cities. discovery from his study of ancient star charts. Para.6 E.Maya civilisation has been 从很小的时候就对玛雅文明感兴趣，15岁的 surrounded by mystery. 115 (二)精读文章，品读细节 C.In the early 16th century 1.Which of the following is TRUE about William D.At around 900 AD. Gadoury? 5.What achievement of the Maya makes us A.He found that the Maya created a true writing amazed? system. A.They had a good knowledge of mathematics and B.He thought he had discovered an unknown city astronomy. in the jungle. B.They carved some beautiful paintings on C.He has a good command of the Maya stones. characters. C.They built some pyramids using only animal D.He made a discovery about how the Maya power. built these impressive temples and palaces. D.They created the Maya calendar which was 2.What caused the downfall of the Maya accurate to within 30 minutes. civilisation? (三)重读文章，激发潜能 A.Fighting between cities. The Maya created great civilisation.They built B.A serious disease. many impressive temples and palaces without the C.A natural disaster. use of modern 1. equip).They also D.Still unknown. invented their own calendar 2. was 3.What do people know about the Maya writing accurate to within 30 seconds per year,3. system? use )their understanding of mathematics and A.It is similar to the present writing system that astronomy.Their writing system was so complicated Americans use today. 4. no one has been able to interpret it B.It contained more than 8,000 words and completely.5. only after a couple of signs. generations,the Maya civilisation 6. C.It is very complicated and hard to interpret. disappear)within the deep jungle,leaving D.Some words were used to represent animals, 7. vary )mysteries for later people objects and syllables. 8. solve).Some scientists believe that 4.When did Maya civilisation reach its highest the droughts were the main reason why it collapsed. level? The droughts led to food 9 shortage), A.Before 700 BC conflicts and 10. ultimate )the B.By 700 AD. downfall of the cities. 语块素养积累 1.科普知识 side effects副作用 be flooded with..充斥着… test out试验 come into being/existence形成；产生 in the field of science在科学领域 further scientific evidence for...进一步证实… carry out scientific experiments进行科学实验 的科学根据 make/achieve a breakthrough作出/取得突破性 be comfortable with..对…应付自如 进展 make contributions to society为社会做贡献 116 2.科技发展 remote control遥控 artificial intelligence人工智能 surf the Internet上网 face recognition technology人脸识别技术 information technology信息技术 advanced science and technology先进科技 throw away outdated equipment/devices扔掉过时 be in the lead处于领先地位 的设备/装置 opportunities and challenges机遇和挑战 have a strong objection to..强烈反对… 课内要点探究 ● 核心词汇 5If you find yourself wanting to (掩藏你的感情)deep inside you, 1.bury.将…埋在下面；埋葬；埋藏 don't do it.Instead,express them in a reasonable bury..in..把…埋到…里 way. be buried in..=bury oneself in..专心致志 When she realised what happened to her 于… children,she bury one's face in one's hands某人双手掩面 (双手掩面)and cried. He was buried in a novel(=He buried himself in a 7Since he took over the project,he novel),so he didn't notice me come in. 他埋头读小说，所以没有注意到我进来了。 She buried her face in her hands and wept when she (一直埋头于他的工作)： heard the bad news. 2.ruin n.残垣断壁，废墟vt.毁灭；使破产 当她听到那个坏消息时，她双手掩面而泣。 (1)in ruins破败不堪；严重受损 Their ambitions were finally dead and buried. fall/come into ruin成为废墟，被毁掉；衰落 他们的雄心壮志最终消亡而被埋葬。 be reduced to ruins沦为废墟 >活学活用 (2)ruin sth./sb./oneself毁坏某物/毁掉某人/自己 单句语法填空 be ruined by...被…毁坏/破坏 ① bury)in his study,he wasn't aware ruin one's health/fame/future毁了某人的健 that all the others had left. 康/名誉/前途 ② (bury)his face in his hands,he tried to control his weeping. When they returned to their hometown the next 句式升级 day,they found it in ruins. He sat at a wooden table and was buried in i 当他们第二天回到故乡的时候，他们发现那里已 reading. 经是废墟了。 →③He sat at a wooden table, A large number of houses fell/came into ruin after reading.(过去分词短语作状语) the big flood. 4He sat at a wooden table, himself洪水过后，大批的房屋被毁掉了。 in reading.(现在分词短语作状语) This mistake ruined his chances of getting the job. 结合buy的相关用法完成句子 这个错误断送了他得到那份工作的机会。 >易混辩析 dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the ruin/destroy/damage past couple of decades,which 易混词 区别 英语释义 damage)the U.S.agricultural economy. 6 Data shows that nearly 19,770 acres of to damage sth.or have a 强调“毁坏，毁灭”， rainforests in Brazil completely negative effect 使美好的事物失去 ruin on it so that it is no longer between August 2015 and July 2016. 优良的特性或特 at all successful,enjoyable 7I got caught in the rain on my way home and my 征，且不能恢复 or useful new suit got 多指彻底的、毁灭 3.abandon.离弃，逃离n.放任；放纵 to damage sth.so badly 性的破坏，含不能 that it no longer exists, (1)abandon doing sth.放弃做某事 destroy 或很难修复的意 works;to ruin sb.'s abandon oneself to...沉溺于…，纵情于…. 味。也可指毁掉一 life completely 个人 (to为介词) (2)with abandon无约束地，放任地 多指对无生命物体 abandoned adj.被遗弃的；被抛弃的；废弃的 的损害，造成价值 to cause physical harm to be abandoned to..沉湎于… 降低、功能破坏等 sth., making it less Our car broke down halfway.We had to abandon damage 后果，含仍可能修 attractive,useful or 复的意味。也可指 valuable;to have a bad our car and walk the rest of the way. 对健康等带来不良 effect on sb./sth 我们的车半路抛锚了。我们只好弃车，走完剩下 影响 的路。 Abandoning himself to the sorrow of losing his cat, >活学活用 Steven just couldn't help crying. 单句语法填空 斯蒂芬沉湎于丢失了他的猫的悲伤中，禁不住哭 ①(2025·全国Ⅱ卷)I realized that if I didn't 了起来。 stop,the entire lecture would He owned a farm,which looked almost abandoned. (ruin) 他有一个农场，看上去几乎废弃了。 ②(2025·山东济南期末)The earthquake in 活学活用 Tangshan caused great damage,leaving the city 单句语法填空 ruins. DAnadariya farm is one of many 3 She went through a period of emotional (abandon)irrigation farms in northern Nigeria. adjustment(情绪调整)after her company fell 2She admitted that she abandoned ruin and she finally decided to find a (she)to a life of pleasure. new job. 3To our surprise,he abandoned 单句写作 study)Chinese literature at college. ④这场雨毁了我们的假期。我们不得不改变计 ④The car was found abandon)in 划。(ruin) the desert. 句型转换 5Without worrying about anything,she abandoned 选词填空(ruin/destroy./damage) herself to a life of pleasure. ⑤(2023·1月浙江高考卷)Habitat loss, Without worrying about anything,she pesticide use,and climate change have caused a life of pleasure. 重点短语 :福克斯为这项任务倾注了大量精力。 His application for membership of the organization was 1.correspond to相当于；与…相符 rejected. (1)correspond ut.相一致；相符合；相当于；通信 他想要加入该组织的申请遭到了拒绝。 correspond with,/to..与·一致/相符/相>活学话用 类似 单句语法填空 correspond with sb.与某人通信 DIf you want to apply a job at the office (2)correspondence n.信件；通信 where I work,I'll put in a good word for you. in correspondence with..与·通信； ②(2023·高考全国甲卷)You'll soon find that 和…一致 the more patience you practice,the more you Do you ever correspond with your overseas friends? start to apply it other,more annoying 你和你国外的朋友通过信吗？ situations. These goods don't correspond with,/to the list of③(2024·新高考I卷)With the rise of technology those I ordered. it is easy for people to make observations of 这些货物与我的订货单不相符。 different species with the aid of a mobile I have been in correspondence with his private (apply). consultant about the problem. ④AⅡ (apply)must have a driver's 关于这问题，我和他的私人顾问一直书信往来。 license and access to a car. >活学活用 完成句子 单句语法填空 5We take it for granted that theory must DThe written record of the conversation doesn't (应用于实践). correspond what was actually said 3.on top of除…之外；在…上面 ②They have been in (correspond) on top of the world欢天喜地，心满意足，非常 with each other since they left university. 3In the past,it was difficult to correspond 自豪 at the top of one's voice高声地，放声地 our relatives. at the top of...在…的顶端 2.apply..to..把…应用到… from top to bottom从上到下；彻底地 (1)apply ut.涂；应用vi.申请；请求；使用 On top of this,several other benefits are being apply oneself to致力于；集中精力于 offered apply to..适应/适用… 除此以外，还有其他一些好处。 apply（to..)for..(向…）申请… There should be an envelope on top of the fridge. (2)applicant n.申请人 冰箱上面应该有一个信封。 application n.申请；请求；应用 >活学活用 In this way they can better apply theory to practice. 完成句子 这样他们就能更好地把理论运用到实践中去。 1We missed our flight,and I should apply for the post if I were you.I think you (除…之外)that we had to wait seven hours stand a good chance. for the next one. 如果我是你的话，我一定去申请这个职位。我认 ②She was screaming 为你大有希望。 (高声)· Faulks has applied himself to this task with单句语法填空 considerable energy ③(2023·新课标全国I卷) the top of a 119 second page,put the heading“Acts of:(4)as表示“像一样”，引导比较状语从句， kindness."On this one,list all the positive 对主句和从句的动作或状态加以比较，说明 things you've done for others. 它们之间有相似之处，在从句中常省略与主 ④The castle was built top of a natural 句相同的部分。 grassy mound. He doesn't work as hard as I do). ●重点句式 他不像我工作那样努力。 (5)as意为“因为；由于”，引导的是原因状语从 1.As their population expanded,yet more 句，通常为附加说明的理由，且是已知晓的 land was needed for agriculture and more 原因。 trees for construction. As she was not well,I went there alone. 随着人口的增加，农业需要更多的土地， 因为她身体不好，所以我独自到那里去了。 建筑需要更多的树木。（教材P51)】 >活学活用 >句式剖析 写出下列句中as引导的是哪种从句 本句是一个复合句。more land was needed..·是 DI don't want to set down series of facts as most 主句，as意为“随着”，引导的是时间状语从句。 people do. As he grew up,he knew more and more about nature. 2As they smiled at each other,harmony was 随着他的成长，他越来越了解大自然。 restored again. As time went on,Tom began to realise the importance of study. 3 Many countries are as poor as they have ever 随着时间的推移，汤姆意识到了学习的重要性。 been. >知识折展 （1)as表示“当…的时候”，引导时间状语从 4As they often play football together,they have got 句，多强调主句和从句中的动作或状态同时 to know each other quite well. 发生，从句可放在主句前，也可放在主句后。 As I waited at the stop,I heard a big noise. 5 Difficult as the road for these students after 我在车站等车时听到一个很大的声响。 graduation will be,their futures are bright. (2)as表示“虽然…但是…”，引导让步状语 从句，从句通常用倒装语序，把从句的表语、 状语或动词原形放在as前面，可以用though 2.Its once-great cities fell into ruin,leaving 替代。 various mysteries for later people to Child as he is,he knows a lot. solve. 虽然他是个孩子，但他知道的东西很多。 它曾经的大城市荒废了，留下了各种各样 Hard as it was raining,they went on working in 的谜团等待后人去解决。（教材P51) the field. >句式剖析 虽然天下着大雨，但他们继续在田地里leaving various mysteries for later people to solve 千活。 是“leave+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，todo表示 (3)as表示“按照”“依照”“像”，引导方式状语 动作将要发生。 从句，从句置于主句之后。 We hurriedly ended our meeting,leaving many You should do as the teacher tells you. problems to be settled. 你应当依照老师所说的去做。 我们匆忙结束了会议，留下许多问题有待解决。 120 >知识折展 :from a very young age在句中作 (l)leave sb.doing作宾语补足语的动词-ing形intrigued与句子主语15-year-old Canadian 式和宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系，表示动作在William Gadoury为 关系，所以用过去 进行。 分词形式；he had made an incredible discovery It is wrong of you to leave the machine from his study of ancient star charts为省略了that running. 的 从句。 你让机器一直运转是错误的。 >自主翻译 The boy went away,leaving the water running. 翻译： 那个小男孩走了，水依然流淌。 (2)leave sth.done作宾语补足语的过去分词和 2.What is most extraordinary about these 宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动或 complex structures is how they were built 完成。 without the use of wheels,metal tools or The boy went to sleep,leaving his homework unfinished. even animal power. 那个小孩没有做完作业就睡觉了。 >句式分析 Father hurried out,leaving his supper 该句为一个主系表结构的复合句。名词性从句 untouched. What is most extraordinary about these complex 爸爸没有吃完饭就匆匆忙忙出去了。 structures在句中作 ;how引导的部分为 >活学活用 表语。 单句语法填空 >自主翻译 DTom went to buy lunch,leaving John 翻译： repair)the car. 2They finished most of the work,leaving the rest do)the next day. 3The guests left most of the dishes 3.It contained more than 800 characters, (untouch)because they were not tasty. with some signs representing animals, ④(2023·新课标全国I卷)No matter where I people and objects and others buy them,one steamer is rarely enough,yet two representing syllables. seems greedy,so I am always left >句式分析 want)more next time 该句为一个简单句。with some signs representing 完成句子 animals,people and objects and others representing ⑤You can 让窗户开着). syllables是with的复合结构作 ,修饰 ●难句分析 characters;signs与represent之间存在逻辑上 1.Intrigued by Maya civilisation from a very 的 关系，所以用动词的-ing形式。 young age,15-year-old Canadian William >自主翻译 Gadoury thought he had made an 翻译： incredible discovery from his study of ancient star charts. )句式分析 该句为复合句。Intrigued by Maya civilisation 12 4.The fact that Maya society was technologically 5.Its once-great cities fell into ruin,leaving primitive makes its achievements all the various mysteries for later people to more incredible and mysterious. solve. >句式分析 )句式分析 该句为一个复合句。The fact是主语，Maya 该句为一个简单句。Its once-great cities fell into society was technologically primitive ruin为主要成分，leaving various mysteries for later ,解释说明fact的内容；its achievements为 people to solve为现在分词短语在句中作 宾语，两个形容词incredible和mysterious为 ,表示一种 的结果。 >自主翻译 、0 >自主翻译 翻译： 翻译： 随堂达标验收 ①单词拼写 4.In order to pass the class,among other criteria, 1.Athens,the birthplace of western c. ,is we had to write a paper on how we plan to apply the capital of Greece. what we would learn in class our future 2.(2025·北京丰台区模考)As the myth goes,.a professions and,eventually,to our lives frightened ostrich(鸵鸟)will b its head in5. top of that,most of the 3D food printers the sand to make itself invisible to the hunter. now are restricted to dry ingredients,because 3.He was so irresponsible that I decided to d meat and milk products may easily go bad. him. 6.The challenge is all more serious when 4.The forests disappeared gradually due to the you consider the demanding exercise required to rapid e of agriculture. bike from France to Poland. 5.It rained for a whole week,and the old house fell7.Wang collected more than 7 million into r abandon)bricks of different 6.The company has decided to a the ages. project because of financial shortage. !8.Does Kilimanjaro deserve its reputation as a 7.James Brindley is recognized as one of the crowded mountain with lines of tourists leading (运河)engineers. (ruin)the atmosphere of peace? 8.In ninth grade,he studied (天文 ①选词填空 and the origin of the universe. ①单句语法填空 fall into ruin,correspond to,all the more,deal 1.When these organisms die,they bury carbon with,on top of,apply...to,make a great discovery the deep ocean,an important process 1.As we can see,many ancient sculptures that helps to regulate the global climate. after the earthquake. 2.This newness just left me want) 2.The arms of a man the wings more. of a bird. 3.But the problem should not 3.Because of their courage and daring and (dismiss)out of hand,as it has been by some AI idealism,we will miss them researchers. 4.When I worked in Florida I 122 British people all the time. and is how you see 5.They stood the hill,drinking in yourself. the beauty of the garden city. 3.在人群的欢呼声中，他们驱车来到皇宫。 6.Marketing is everything these They drove to the palace, days,and books are no exception. 7.That scientist was awarded the first prize because 4.她儿子没被大学录取的事实使她失望。 he last year. ⑩完成句子 made her disappointed. 1.埋头阅读，他没有注意到装饰了许多装饰物的5.山上有座庙，庙里住着三个和尚。 圣诞树。 On the top of the mountain he didn't notice the which live three monks. Christmas tree decorated with many decorations. 夯基提能作业 2.别人怎么看你并不重要，最重要的是你如何看 请同学们认真完成练案[17] 待自己。 It doesn't matter SectionⅡ Using language 课前自玉预习 ①核心单词 for staying warm,but not just for flight 1. n.逃跑，逃走 …它可能是为了交流或保持温暖，但不只是为 2. .后退；离开；退避 了飞行。 3. .克制，抑制（情绪） ⑩语法探究 x ad山.地图上没有标明的 感知以下课文原句，完成下面的小题 5 .探索，探究 1.Through comparison,he found that the locations 6 u.退缩，畏缩 of the 117 known Maya cities correspond to the n.调查→ .调查； positions of the stars. 研究；审查 2.Based on this,he believed he had spotted an ①重点短语 unknown Maya city buried deep in the jungle. 1.make a getaway 3. What is most extraordinary about these complex 2.test the waters struc-tures is how they were built without the 3.run for one's life use of wheels,metal tools or even animal 4.throw oneself into power. 5.shrink from 4.The fact that Maya society was technologically 6 调查；检查 primitive makes its achievements all the more 2 避开…；从…处脱身 incredible and mysterious. 8. 动身踏上（漫长的）旅途 5.Why Maya civilisation collapsed remains a 9. 再三考虑；慎重考虑 mystery 10. 调查（问题） 6.By changing the landscape in this way,it is ①经典句式 possible that the Maya people unknowingly “might+have done'”结构 reduced their ability to deal with natural for communicating or disasters.()1.frustration 2.sharing 3.is taking 4.to 5.the 6.As 7.faster 8.companies 9.Finally 10.is 课内要点探究 核心词汇 1.①sorrowful ②SOTTOWS③To④shares my joys and sorrows 2.①hired②on③themselves④out (⑤hired himself out to (6for/on 重点短语 1.①off②off③over④in⑤up⑥on 2.①a②in③do me a favour(④ask you a favour (⑤in favour of 3.Dto their advantage 2has the/an advantage over ③take advantage of④have the advantage of 重点句式 1.①or(②or 3whether his team wins or loses 4Whether he invites me or not/Whether or not he invites me 2.①leaving②to find③leaving④allowing more patients to be treated 5only to be told that his wife had left him 3.①As you can imagine②As is often the case③asis known to all 4.①as②was interviewed③writing 难句解析 l.状语定语that 心理学家们将其作为研究的对象，发表了各种各样的 论文来说明分享行为有助于建立积极的情感纽带。 2.让步状语where定语 无论是我们能以最低价格租用名牌服装的网店，还是 可以把自己的公寓短租几天的平台，都已出现。 3.主语表语 然而，毫无疑问的是，共享经济与我们的日常生活以及 全球经济越来越相关。 随堂达标验收 I.1.expense 2.purse 3.hire 4.rent 5.sorrow 6.frustration 7.theft 8.abuse II.1.to 2.responses 3.hired 4.to rent 5.expensive 6.expenses 7.in 8.off IlI.1.as is often the case 2.thereby causing 3.What is in no doubt 4.such a cute baby that 5.Separated from other continents;not found in IV.1.As is often the case 2.there is no need to turn up the volume 3.Whether you agree or not 4.as my weight is easy to gain 5.highlight the difference in world living standards Section IV Writing-Writing an argumentative paper 核心词汇 1.with the development of 2.be of great benefit to 3.to tell the truth 4.on the Internet 5.surf the Internet 连词成句 1.what they want 2.brings them more convenience 3.by surfing the Internet 4.immediately the new brands are advertised 5.I buy almost everything I need 句式升级 1.People can buy what they want through the Internet without going out,which brings them more convenience. 2.They can shop for the top brands by surfing the Internet, where they can choose what they need immediately the new 2 brands are advertised. 3.To tell the truth,it is on the Internet that I buy almost everything I need now 组句成篇 参考范文： With the development of the Internet,shopping on the Internet is becoming more popular.People can buy what they want through the Internet without going out,which brings them more convenience. Shopping on the Internet is of great benefit to the customers.First,they can shop for the top brands by surfing the Internet,where they can choose what they need immediately the new brands are advertised.Second,they can get the goods at the best prices. In my opinion,it is good to shop on the Internet.To tell the truth,it is on the Internet that I buy almost everything I need now. Unit 5 Into the unknown Section I Starting out Understanding ideas 课前自主预习 I.1.civilisation 2.intrigue 3.bury 4.pyramid 5.canal 6.tropical 7.cyclone 8.megadrought 9.downfall 10.ruin 11.dismiss 12.astronomy;astronaut 13.abandon;abandoned 14.expansion;expand II.1.correspond to 2.be based on 3.be surrounded by 4.apply...to...5.all the more 6.a combination of 7.deal with 8.lead to 9.at different rates 10.fall into ruin IlI.1.Intrigued by Maya civilisation from a very young age 2.that Maya society was technologically primitive 3.leaving various mysteries for later people to solve V.(一)1.c 2.Para.1 B Para.2 E Para.3 D Para.4-5 A Para.6 C (二)1.B2.D3.C4.B5.A ()1.equipment 2.which 3.using 4.that 5.However 6.disappeared 7.various 8.to solve 9.shortages 10.ultimately 课内要点探究 核心词汇 l.①Buried②Burying③buried(④burying⑤buy your feelings 6buried her face in her hands 7has buried himself in his work has been buried in his work 2.①be ruined(②in③into 4The rain ruined our holiday.We had to change our plans. (⑤has damaged⑥were destroyed⑦ruined 3.①abandoned②herself③studying(④abandoned (⑤was abandoned to 重点短语 1.①to/with(②correspondence③with 2.①for②to ③application④applicants ⑤be applied to practice 3.①on top of②at the top of her voice③At(④on 重点句式 1.①方式状语从句②时间状语从句③比较状语从句 ④原因状语从句⑤让步状语从句 2.①repairing②to be done③untouched④wanting ⑤leave the window open 难句解析 1.状语动宾宾语 从很小的时候就对玛雅文明感兴趣，15岁的加拿大男 孩威廉·甘德瑞认为自己从对古代星象图的研究中有 了一个惊人的发现。 2.主语 那些复杂的建筑结构最不同寻常的是，它们是怎样在 没有轮滑、金属工具甚至畜力的情况下建造的。 3.定语主谓 它含有800多个字，还有一些符号代表动物、人、物体 等，其他符号代表音节。 4.同位语从句宾语补足语 事实上，玛雅社会在技术上是比较原始的，这使得它的 这些成就更加难以置信，更加神秘。 5.结果状语自然而然 它曾经的大城市荒废了，留下了各种各样的谜团等待 后人去解决。 随堂达标验收 I.1.civilisation 2.bury 3.dismiss 4.expansion 5.ruin 6.abandon 7.canal 8.astronomy II.1.in 2.wanting 3.be dismissed 4.to 5.On 6.the 7.abandoned 8.ruining II.1.fell into ruin 2.correspond to 3.all the more 4.dealt with 5.on top of 6.applied to 7.made a great discovery IV.1.Buried in reading 2.what others think of you;what matters most 3.with the crowds cheering 4.The fact that her son wasn't admitted into a university 5.lies a temple Section II Using language 课前自主预习 I.1.getaway 2.retreat 3.subdue 4.uncharted 5.delve 6.shrink 7.investigation;investigate Ⅱ.1.逃跑；逃走2.试水，试探3.逃命4.积极投入 到…中去5.避免做；不愿做；逃避，躲避6.check out 7.steer clear of 8.set out 9.think twice 10.look into Ⅲ.it might have been V.1.名词2.that3.主语4.主语；形式主语5.表语 6.同位语 课内要点探究 核心词汇 (①from②naking③has shrunk(④shrinks from ⑤shrank with cold 重点短语 1.①（把钱等）取出②检查③结账 (④checked in ⑤make/have a quick check⑥by check 2.①set down②set up③set aside④set about painting ⑤set out to paint⑥began painting 3.①looking through②look up to③look forward to ④looked after⑤look into⑥look ahead to⑦look down upon/on 8look up to 重点句式 ①might/may have known(②must have done③needn't have worried 4couldn't have written 单元语法精析 语法达标训练 1.what 2.that 3.what 4.how 5.where 6.that 7.that 8.what 9.whether 10.What 11.that 12.how 13.that 14.where 15.what 2 随堂达标验收 I.1.getaway 2.retreat 3.uncharted 4.delve 5.shrinks 6.investigations II.1.out 2.twice 3.out 4.to shrink 5.into II.1.check out 2.ran for our lives 3.amounted to 4.think twice 5.throw myself into IV.1.where he lives 2.That the earth goes around the sun 3.made it clear that 4.what my father has taught me 5.where we are now SectionⅢ Developing ideas Presenting ideas 课前自主预习 I.1.archaeological 2.coral 3.millimetre 4.upwards 5.trench 6.equivalent 7.stack 8.furthermore 9.notable 10.substance 11.vessel 12.drilling;drill Ⅱ.1.起航2.继续做3.给…提供了一个窗口 4.保持纪录5.be equivalent to6.beyond the reach of 7.final frontier 8.at the rate of 9.as well as II.1.Lying under waters across the globe are 2.if any 3.conducted by these vessels;taking deep-sea exploration into a whole new era 4.as familiar to us as W.(一)1.B 2.Para.1 B Para.2 C Para.3 D Para.4 E Para.5 A (二)1.D2.A3.C4.B ()1.that 2.to explore 3.are made 4.darkness 5.Amazing 6.the 7.completely 8.as 9.conducted 10.taking 课内要点探究 重点短语 1.①across(②for③from 2.①in a low voice②at the lost of③at the rate of 重点句式 l.①lfso(②If not③If necessary(④if taken⑤needed ⑥living 2.①given(②Assuming③Seeing(④speaking 3.①reported②to have acted③is thought;that ④ltis generally believed that one's preference for color can reflect one's personality. 4.①or②come③Do 难句解析 1.定语定语creatures表语 在200多米以下、阳光照不到的那些水域里，生存着一些 看起来就像是直接从科幺幻小说中走出来的奇异生物。 2.后置定语宾语结果 这些船只进行的研究使科学家们对海床的形成有了更 深人的了解，并帮助确定了深海钻探的区域，使深海勘 探进人了一个全新的时代 随堂达标验收 I.1.notable 2.Furthermore 3.substance 4.shipwreck II.1.set 2.to get/getting 3.a 4.of 5.Sitting 6.that 7.If 8.Considering 9.beyond 10.have spotted IlI.1.Standing beside the desk was Tom 2.both of which 3.Given that he apologized to me 4.to have known the secret 5.Both playing well IV.1.In the square stands a tower 2.Given that there was so little time 3.some of which have gone bad 4.Gone are the days when 5.seemed not to have discussed:Furthermore