热点13 “养龙虾”+电影《挽救计划》+辨别网络错误信息+地球的“冰箱”—永久冻土+伟大的父爱 （时文热点语篇突破）2026年中考英语

热点13 “养龙虾”+电影《挽救计划》+辨别网络错误信息+地球的“冰箱”—永久冻土+伟大的父爱 序号 题型 热点 1 完形填空 伟大的父爱 2 阅读理解 “养龙虾” 3 概要补全 网络错误信息 4 阅读理解 地球的“冰箱”—永久冻土 5 阅读理解 电影《挽救计划》 在人们的心里，什么东西是最珍贵的呢？是价值连城的艺术品，还是家人的爱？今天这篇文章，讲了一个关于父爱的动人故事：一位富有的收藏家，把所有的名画都留给了那个愿意买下儿子画像的人。让我们一起走进这个故事，读懂父爱的重量！ 单词 意思 单词 意思 priceless adj. 无价的，极珍贵的 break out 战争爆发 portrait n. 画像，肖像 get on to 开始做（某事） auction at an auction n. 拍卖 在拍卖会上 pass away 去世（委婉表达） Years ago, a very rich man and his young son shared an interest in collecting art. They traveled around the world, buying priceless works of art by famous artists like Van Gogh and Monet. When war broke out, the son left to 1 his country. After a few weeks, the old man 2 a letter saying his son had died while taking another soldier to a hospital. The man became very sad and 3 . One day, a soldier visited the old man and gave him a painting–it was a portrait of his son. 4 the world would never consider it a great work, the painting was important to the man. The painting of his son became the old man's most 5 thing. The following spring, the old man became ill and 6 . All of the old man's paintings would be sold at an auction. The auction began with a painting that was not on any of the buyers' lists ... it was the painting of the old man's son. "Who will open the price at $100?" the auctioneer asked. Moments passed and no one spoke or raised their hand. Someone said, "Who cares about that 7 ? Let's get on to the good ones." More voices followed in 8 . "No, we must sell this one first," replied the auctioneer. "Now, who will take the portrait of the son?" Finally, a good friend of the old man spoke, "Will you take $10 for the painting? That's all I have." "Will anyone go higher?" called the auctioneer. After more 9 he said, "Going once ... going twice ... sold!" The auctioneer looked at the crowd and 10 that the whole auction was over. "According to the father's will, whoever takes the son's portrait gets the whole collection," the auctioneer said. Because of the father's love, whoever took the son got it all. 1. A. prevent B. serve C. praise D. fight 2. A. sent B. wrote C. received D. printed 3. A. lonely B. nervous C. silly D. tired 4. A. Because B. Till C. Moreover D. Though 5. A. unbelievable B. available C. valuable D. forgettable 6. A. passed away B. passed over C. put away D. put off 7. A. price B. trick C. accident D. painting 8. A. need B. agreement C. difficulty D. peace 9. A. noises B. sounds C. silence D. discussions 10. A. announced B. spoke C. shouted D. decided 随着AI技术的发展，越来越多智能工具走进我们的生活。最近很火的一款名为OpenClaw的AI代理，它以“龙虾”为标志，能帮用户完成各类现实任务，却也因数据收集带来安全隐患。接下来让我们去深入了解这款AI的功能与风险吧！ 单词 意思 单词 意思 headline n. 标题，头条新闻 schedule n. 日程，计划表 agent n. 代理人；智能代理 regularly adv. 定期地，有规律地 raise lobster 养龙虾（戏称使用AI） wake up to… 醒来就收到/看到…… You might see headlines of “raising lobster” recently online, but the “lobster” is not the kind you'd find on the dining table. It's a new artificial intelligence (AI) agent called OpenClaw. Using a red lobster as its symbol, it was developed by Austrian programmer Peter Steinberger. In China, many people have set up this AI on their computers, which they jokingly call “raising lobster”. For a while now, we've had AI tools like ChatGPT. They can advise us on what to do, but they can't reach into the real world to do it for us. Also, they only “talk” when asked. OpenClaw, on the other hand, “actually does things”. For example, it can send emails and buy plane tickets. The AI works in chat apps, so you can text it like texting a friend. OpenClaw also has a long “memory”. Over time, it learns what you like and follows your schedule. You can wake up in the morning to a message about your top three tasks without even having to ask the AI first. This proactiveness (主动性) is made possible by something called a “heartbeat”, according to Claire Vo, a US AI expert. She explained that a heartbeat is a timer that goes off regularly. With each “heartbeat”, the AI checks what comes next. However, OpenClaw collects a lot of personal information from users, which is dangerous. In February, researchers found that some important data from OpenClaw had been put online without telling the users. Hackers (黑客) could use this data to control users' computers. On March 8 and 10, the Chinese government gave its first-ever warnings about this kind of AI, telling people to be careful while using it. 1. What question does the first paragraph answer? A. Why is OpenClaw so popular? B. What is “raising lobster”? C. How can lobsters work for humans? D. Why does OpenClaw use a lobster as its symbol? 2. How is OpenClaw different from ChatGPT? A. It gives faster answers. B. It offers people better advice. C. It talks to people when asked. D. It helps its users perform real tasks. 3. What does the “heartbeat” help OpenClaw do? A. Check what to do next. B. Remember what users like. C. Send messages to other AI tools. D. Keep users' personal information safe. 4. Why can OpenClaw be dangerous to its users? A. It costs too much money. B. It can't finish every task on time. C. It may give out users' personal information. D. It is slow at collecting useful information. 5. What is the Chinese government's attitude toward OpenClaw? A. People should stop using it. B. It is safe for people to use. C. It needs further development. D. People should be careful when using it. 6.随着AI技术的发展，OpenClaw等智能工具给我们的生活带来了便利，但也存在数据安全等风险。请你结合短文内容，以The Risks of AI Tools为题，写一篇短文，谈谈你对这类AI工具的看法。 要求：1. 内容紧扣主题，可适当发挥；2. 语句通顺，意思连贯，书写规范；3. 词数：100词左右。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ 随着人工智能与社交媒体的深度渗透，网络空间的错误信息（misinformation）已成为影响公众认知的重要问题。从政治谣言到健康误区，这类信息往往披着“耸人听闻”的外衣，利用人类认知偏见与算法机制快速扩散。我们将通过阅读，探究人们轻信错误信息的心理根源，学习在数字时代辨别信息真伪的实用方法，提升媒介素养与批判性思维。 单词 意思 单词 意思 confirm v. 认可；确认；证实 fall for sth. 受……的骗；信以为真 negative positive adj. 负面的 adj. 正面的 tend /tend/ tend to do sth. v. 倾向于；往往会 倾向于做某事 comment n. & v. 评论 neutral adj.中立的 Whether it's about politics, health or society, the online world is full of misinformation (错误信息), and it can have a serious influence on how people see the world. The problem has become worse with new AI tools easily creating lifelike images, videos and text that can be used to share fake information. And there are plenty of smart people who fall for fake news—so what exactly is going on? One of the reasons is "confirmation bias (确认偏见)", which refers to how we usually believe things that confirm a belief we already have. Similar to this is "familiarity bias", which is how we are also more likely to believe something if we see or hear it a lot. There is also "availability bias"—we tend to believe things that are easy to remember. A lot of misinformation is sensational (耸人听闻的) and shocking, so our brains remember it more easily. The way social media works has made it perfect for spreading misinformation too. Research has found that posts that cause a lot of strong negative feelings, like fear or anger, get much more attention than neutral or positive posts. Algorithms (算法) reward people's likes, comments and shares. So getting a lot of likes, comments and shares will often mean a post gets shown to more people — whether or not it has true information. This can mean misinformation gets spread and repeated very quickly. This also means that even if you comment on a post to challenge or fact-check it, you may end up helping bring the misinformation to a wider audience. So what can you do to protect yourself and your community from misinformation? Take time to check if the information is true before you share it, especially if it seems really shocking. Ask yourself if the person or organization that posted it has any biases, or if they are really an expert on the topic. Then look for the same facts on other trusted news websites. And if you still have doubts — don't like, comment or share! Misinformation is common online, and AI tools 1. ____________. Research shows people believe misinformation mainly because 2. ____________, like preferring information that fits their opinions or that they see often. Also, algorithms 3. ____________ because they are driven by popularity rather than truth. To fight this, you should check facts carefully against trusted sources. You should also avoid sharing information that 4. ____________. 同学们，大家知道地球的“冰箱”在哪里吗？它就是我们今天要学习的永久冻土（Permafrost）。这片被冰雪封印的土地，藏着地球远古的秘密，却也因全球变暖正在“苏醒”。今天我们通过这篇文章，一起解锁永久冻土的秘密，看看它到底是什么，为什么它的融化会关乎我们每个人的健康与地球环境？ 单词 意思 单词 意思 observe observation v. 观察，观测 n. 观察；观测数据 greenhouse gas carbon dioxide 温室气体 二氧化碳 thaw v. （冰、雪等）融化 hold together 粘合；结合在一起 shift v. v. 移动；转变 break down 分解；崩溃 bacterium n. 细菌 (复 bacteria) release gases 释放气体 What is permafrost? Permafrost is ground that stays completely frozen at 0℃ or colder for at least two years in a row. It is mostly found in cold places, like high mountains and areas near the North and South poles. ____________ Permafrost is made of soil, rocks and sand held together by ice. The soil and ice in permafrost stay frozen all year. However, a top layer called the active layer thaws in summer and freezes again in fall. How is permafrost changing? As Earth's temperature rises, permafrost is thawing. When permafrost thaws, the ice melts, leaving water and soil. This can cause problems like: • Northern villages built on permafrost can be damaged as the ground shifts when it thaws. • Frozen plant material in permafrost doesn't rot (腐烂). When it thaws, microbes (微生物) break it down, releasing greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane (甲烷). These gases warm the planet more, causing more permafrost to thaw. • Thawing permafrost can release ancient bacteria and viruses. These could make humans and animals sick. Because of these effects, scientists are watching Earth's permafrost closely. They often use observations from above to study large areas of permafrost, as it's hard to study them from the ground. 1. Where is permafrost most likely found? A. On the seafloor. B. Near the South Pole. C. Inside a volcano. D. In the rainforest. 2. Which heading best fits the blank in the text? A. Why is there permafrost? B. How important is permafrost? C. What is permafrost made of? D. Where does permafrost come from? 3. What can happen when permafrost thaws? A. The planet may be flooded. B. Earth may cool down. C. Southern villages may be damaged. D. Ancient bacteria and viruses may be released. 4. What is the text mainly about? A. The places where permafrost is found. B. How to stop permafrost from thawing. C. What causes permafrost to thaw. D. What permafrost is and why it matters. 提到科幻电影，你会想到什么？是《火星救援》里的植物种植，还是《流浪地球》里的全球拯救？今天介绍的电影《挽救计划》（Project Hail Mary），延续了“硬核科幻+温情治愈”的风格。它讲述了一个中学老师在太空中与外星盟友并肩作战，拯救地球和宇宙的故事。 单词 意思 单词 意思 adapt v. 改编 hit the big screen 登上大银幕，上映 survive v. 生存，幸存 tear tear apart v. 撕裂；撕破 撕裂；分裂 curious adj. 好奇的 ordinary adj. 普通的，平凡的 mission n. 任务；使命 universe n. 宇宙 cross species 跨物种 turn out 结果是；证明是 Adapted from US author Andy Weir's novel, the 2015 movie The Martian (《火星救援》) tells an exciting story about an astronaut's struggle to survive on Mars. On March 20, another of Weir's stories hits the big screen — Project Hail Mary (《挽救计划》). Much like The Martian, this movie follows a man who faces difficulties far away from Earth. That man is the movie's main character, Ryland Grace—a middle school science teacher. When he wakes up from a long sleep, he finds himself the only living member on a spaceship millions of miles from home. It turns out that he's on an important space mission to save the dying sun and all life on Earth. Just as Grace tries to complete his task alone, he meets a rock-like alien whose planet is being ruined by the same problem. By working together to save their homes, the two lonely beings build a warm friendship that crosses species. Instead of showing Grace as a brave hero, the movie presents him as an ordinary person everyone can connect with — kind, funny and curious. When he first meets the alien, whom he later names "Rocky", he's a little scared but still chooses to communicate and learn its language. When the two gradually grow closer, they discover their shared goal and the importance of teamwork. As their mission grows more and more dangerous, both Grace and Rocky risk their lives to protect each other. More touching than their friendship is the film's message that kindness can be found not just in humans, but in all living things across the universe. At a time when our world is torn apart by wars, it offers a reminder that the future remains bright as long as we care for one another. 1. Which of the following statements is TRUE about Project Hail Mary? A. It is the direct sequel of the 2015 movie The Martian. B. It is a sci-fi movie adapted from Andy Weir's novel. C. It tells a story about an astronaut's survival on Mars. D. It is a documentary about space exploration. 2. Why does Ryland Grace go to space according to the passage? A. To visit different planets and study aliens. B. To make friends with a rock-like alien. C. To save the dying sun and life on Earth. D. To experience life on a spaceship alone. 3. What can we infer from the passage about the movie's portrayal of Ryland Grace? A. He is a traditional brave hero who fears nothing. B. He is an ordinary person with kind and curious qualities. C. He is a scientist who is good at communicating with aliens. D. He is a teacher who only cares about his students. 4. What is the most touching message the movie wants to convey? A. Teamwork is the key to solving any problem. B. Communicating with aliens is very difficult. C. Kindness exists not only in humans but also in all living things. D. Wars and conflicts will destroy our world in the future. 5. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To introduce a new sci-fi movie and its core themes. B. To compare Project Hail Mary with The Martian. C. To explain how to make a successful sci-fi movie. D.To encourage people to travel to space. 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 热点13 “养龙虾”+电影《挽救计划》+辨别网络错误信息+地球的“冰箱”—永久冻土+伟大的父爱 序号 题型 热点 1 完形填空 伟大的父爱 2 阅读理解 “养龙虾” 3 概要补全 网络错误信息 4 阅读理解 地球的“冰箱”—永久冻土 5 阅读理解 电影《挽救计划》 在人们的心里，什么东西是最珍贵的呢？是价值连城的艺术品，还是家人的爱？今天这篇文章，讲了一个关于父爱的动人故事：一位富有的收藏家，把所有的名画都留给了那个愿意买下儿子画像的人。让我们一起走进这个故事，读懂父爱的重量！ 单词 意思 单词 意思 priceless adj. 无价的，极珍贵的 break out 战争爆发 portrait n. 画像，肖像 get on to 开始做（某事） auction at an auction n. 拍卖 在拍卖会上 pass away 去世（委婉表达） Years ago, a very rich man and his young son shared an interest in collecting art. They traveled around the world, buying priceless works of art by famous artists like Van Gogh and Monet. When war broke out, the son left to 1 his country. After a few weeks, the old man 2 a letter saying his son had died while taking another soldier to a hospital. The man became very sad and 3 . One day, a soldier visited the old man and gave him a painting–it was a portrait of his son. 4 the world would never consider it a great work, the painting was important to the man. The painting of his son became the old man's most 5 thing. The following spring, the old man became ill and 6 . All of the old man's paintings would be sold at an auction. The auction began with a painting that was not on any of the buyers' lists ... it was the painting of the old man's son. "Who will open the price at $100?" the auctioneer asked. Moments passed and no one spoke or raised their hand. Someone said, "Who cares about that 7 ? Let's get on to the good ones." More voices followed in 8 . "No, we must sell this one first," replied the auctioneer. "Now, who will take the portrait of the son?" Finally, a good friend of the old man spoke, "Will you take $10 for the painting? That's all I have." "Will anyone go higher?" called the auctioneer. After more 9 he said, "Going once ... going twice ... sold!" The auctioneer looked at the crowd and 10 that the whole auction was over. "According to the father's will, whoever takes the son's portrait gets the whole collection," the auctioneer said. Because of the father's love, whoever took the son got it all. 1. A. prevent B. serve C. praise D. fight 2. A. sent B. wrote C. received D. printed 3. A. lonely B. nervous C. silly D. tired 4. A. Because B. Till C. Moreover D. Though 5. A. unbelievable B. available C. valuable D. forgettable 6. A. passed away B. passed over C. put away D. put off 7. A. price B. trick C. accident D. painting 8. A. need B. agreement C. difficulty D. peace 9. A. noises B. sounds C. silence D. discussions 10. A. announced B. spoke C. shouted D. decided 【答案】1—5 BCADC 6—10 ADBCA 【解析】1. B解析：句意为“战争爆发时，儿子离开去报效祖国”。serve one's country 是固定搭配，意为“报效祖国、为国服役”，符合语境。prevent（阻止）、praise（赞扬）、fight（打架）均不符合语义。 2. C解析：句意为“几周后，老人收到一封信，说他的儿子在送另一名士兵去医院时牺牲了”。receive a letter 是固定搭配，意为“收到信”，符合逻辑。sent（发送）、wrote（写）、printed（打印）均不符合语境。 3. A解析：句意为“老人变得非常悲伤和孤独”。儿子牺牲后，老人失去亲人，会感到孤独（lonely），符合情感逻辑。nervous（紧张的）、silly（愚蠢的）、tired（疲惫的）均不符合语境。 4. D解析：句意为“虽然世人绝不会认为它是一幅伟大的作品，但这幅画对老人来说很重要”。though 引导让步状语从句，表“虽然、尽管”，符合逻辑。because（因为）、till（直到）、moreover（此外）均不符合逻辑。 5. C解析：句意为“儿子的画像成了老人最珍贵的东西”。valuable 意为“珍贵的、有价值的”，符合老人对儿子的情感。unbelievable（难以置信的）、available（可获得的）、forgettable（易被遗忘的）均不符合语境。 6. A解析：句意为“第二年春天，老人生病并去世了”。pass away 是固定短语，意为“去世”，符合语境。pass over（忽略）、put away（收起）、put off（推迟）均不符合语义。 7. D解析：句意为“谁在乎那幅画？我们来看好的作品吧”。前文提到拍卖的第一幅画是儿子的画像，因此此处指代这幅画（painting）。price（价格）、trick（诡计）、accident（事故）均不符合语境。 8. B解析：句意为“更多声音一致附和”。in agreement 是固定搭配，意为“一致同意、附和”，符合众人都不想买这幅画的语境。in need（在危难中）、in difficulty（处于困境）、in peace（和平地）均不符合语义。 9. C解析：句意为“又一阵沉默后，他说：‘一次，两次，成交！’”。前文提到没人加价，因此是沉默（silence）。noises（噪音）、sounds（声音）、discussions（讨论）均不符合语境。 10. A解析：句意为“拍卖师看着人群，宣布整个拍卖结束”。announce 意为“宣布”，符合拍卖师的身份和动作。spoke（说）、shouted（大喊）、decided（决定）均不符合语境。 随着AI技术的发展，越来越多智能工具走进我们的生活。最近很火的一款名为OpenClaw的AI代理，它以“龙虾”为标志，能帮用户完成各类现实任务，却也因数据收集带来安全隐患。接下来让我们去深入了解这款AI的功能与风险吧！ 单词 意思 单词 意思 headline n. 标题，头条新闻 schedule n. 日程，计划表 agent n. 代理人；智能代理 regularly adv. 定期地，有规律地 raise lobster 养龙虾（戏称使用AI） wake up to… 醒来就收到/看到…… You might see headlines of “raising lobster” recently online, but the “lobster” is not the kind you'd find on the dining table. It's a new artificial intelligence (AI) agent called OpenClaw. Using a red lobster as its symbol, it was developed by Austrian programmer Peter Steinberger. In China, many people have set up this AI on their computers, which they jokingly call “raising lobster”. For a while now, we've had AI tools like ChatGPT. They can advise us on what to do, but they can't reach into the real world to do it for us. Also, they only “talk” when asked. OpenClaw, on the other hand, “actually does things”. For example, it can send emails and buy plane tickets. The AI works in chat apps, so you can text it like texting a friend. OpenClaw also has a long “memory”. Over time, it learns what you like and follows your schedule. You can wake up in the morning to a message about your top three tasks without even having to ask the AI first. This proactiveness (主动性) is made possible by something called a “heartbeat”, according to Claire Vo, a US AI expert. She explained that a heartbeat is a timer that goes off regularly. With each “heartbeat”, the AI checks what comes next. However, OpenClaw collects a lot of personal information from users, which is dangerous. In February, researchers found that some important data from OpenClaw had been put online without telling the users. Hackers (黑客) could use this data to control users' computers. On March 8 and 10, the Chinese government gave its first-ever warnings about this kind of AI, telling people to be careful while using it. 1. What question does the first paragraph answer? A. Why is OpenClaw so popular? B. What is “raising lobster”? C. How can lobsters work for humans? D. Why does OpenClaw use a lobster as its symbol? 2. How is OpenClaw different from ChatGPT? A. It gives faster answers. B. It offers people better advice. C. It talks to people when asked. D. It helps its users perform real tasks. 3. What does the “heartbeat” help OpenClaw do? A. Check what to do next. B. Remember what users like. C. Send messages to other AI tools. D. Keep users' personal information safe. 4. Why can OpenClaw be dangerous to its users? A. It costs too much money. B. It can't finish every task on time. C. It may give out users' personal information. D. It is slow at collecting useful information. 5. What is the Chinese government's attitude toward OpenClaw? A. People should stop using it. B. It is safe for people to use. C. It needs further development. D. People should be careful when using it. 6.随着AI技术的发展，OpenClaw等智能工具给我们的生活带来了便利，但也存在数据安全等风险。请你结合短文内容，以The Risks of AI Tools为题，写一篇短文，谈谈你对这类AI工具的看法。 要求：1. 内容紧扣主题，可适当发挥；2. 语句通顺，意思连贯，书写规范；3. 词数：100词左右。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】1—5 BDACD 【解析】1.B解析：第一段介绍了“raising lobster”不是餐桌上的龙虾，而是人们对在电脑上安装OpenClaw这款AI的戏称，核心是解释“raising lobster”是什么，对应B选项。A选项“OpenClaw受欢迎的原因”、C选项“龙虾如何为人类工作”、D选项“OpenClaw用龙虾做标志的原因”均不是第一段的核心内容。 2.D解析：根据原文：ChatGPT的特点：They can advise us on what to do, but they can't reach into the real world to do it for us. Also, they only "talk" when asked.（只能给建议，无法在现实世界帮用户做事，仅在被询问时回应）OpenClaw的特点：OpenClaw, on the other hand, "actually does things". For example, it can send emails and buy plane tickets.（能实际帮用户完成发邮件、买机票等现实任务）因此二者的核心区别是OpenClaw能帮用户执行真实任务，对应D选项。A、B选项文中未提及；C选项是ChatGPT的特点，不是OpenClaw的特点。 3.A解析：根据原文With each "heartbeat", the AI checks what comes next.，可知“heartbeat”的作用是让AI检查接下来要做什么，对应A选项。B选项是OpenClaw“long memory”的功能；C、D选项文中未提及。 4.C解析：根据原文However, OpenClaw collects a lot of personal information from users, which is dangerous. In February, researchers found that some important data from OpenClaw had been put online without telling the users. Hackers could use this data to control users' computers.，可知OpenClaw的风险在于会收集用户个人信息，且这些信息可能被泄露，被黑客利用，对应C选项“可能泄露用户个人信息”。A、B、D选项均不是文中提到的风险原因。 5.D解析：根据原文On March 8 and 10, the Chinese government gave its first-ever warnings about this kind of AI, telling people to be careful while using it.，可知中国政府的态度是提醒人们使用时要小心，对应D选项。A选项“停止使用”、B选项“使用安全”、C选项“需要进一步发展”均不符合原文。 6.范文如下：The Risks of AI Tools Nowadays, AI tools like OpenClaw are becoming more and more popular. They can help us send emails, buy tickets and even remind us of our tasks, making our life much easier. However, every coin has two sides. OpenClaw collects a lot of our personal information, which may be put online secretly. Hackers can use this data to control our computers, bringing us great danger. What's worse, the Chinese government has warned people to be careful with such AI. In my opinion, we should use AI tools wisely. We must protect our personal information well and never share it with unknown apps. Only in this way can we enjoy the convenience of AI while keeping safe. 随着人工智能与社交媒体的深度渗透，网络空间的错误信息（misinformation）已成为影响公众认知的重要问题。从政治谣言到健康误区，这类信息往往披着“耸人听闻”的外衣，利用人类认知偏见与算法机制快速扩散。我们将通过阅读，探究人们轻信错误信息的心理根源，学习在数字时代辨别信息真伪的实用方法，提升媒介素养与批判性思维。 单词 意思 单词 意思 confirm v. 认可；确认；证实 fall for sth. 受……的骗；信以为真 negative positive adj. 负面的 adj. 正面的 tend /tend/ tend to do sth. v. 倾向于；往往会 倾向于做某事 comment n. & v. 评论 neutral adj.中立的 Whether it's about politics, health or society, the online world is full of misinformation (错误信息), and it can have a serious influence on how people see the world. The problem has become worse with new AI tools easily creating lifelike images, videos and text that can be used to share fake information. And there are plenty of smart people who fall for fake news—so what exactly is going on? One of the reasons is "confirmation bias (确认偏见)", which refers to how we usually believe things that confirm a belief we already have. Similar to this is "familiarity bias", which is how we are also more likely to believe something if we see or hear it a lot. There is also "availability bias"—we tend to believe things that are easy to remember. A lot of misinformation is sensational (耸人听闻的) and shocking, so our brains remember it more easily. The way social media works has made it perfect for spreading misinformation too. Research has found that posts that cause a lot of strong negative feelings, like fear or anger, get much more attention than neutral or positive posts. Algorithms (算法) reward people's likes, comments and shares. So getting a lot of likes, comments and shares will often mean a post gets shown to more people — whether or not it has true information. This can mean misinformation gets spread and repeated very quickly. This also means that even if you comment on a post to challenge or fact-check it, you may end up helping bring the misinformation to a wider audience. So what can you do to protect yourself and your community from misinformation? Take time to check if the information is true before you share it, especially if it seems really shocking. Ask yourself if the person or organization that posted it has any biases, or if they are really an expert on the topic. Then look for the same facts on other trusted news websites. And if you still have doubts — don't like, comment or share! Misinformation is common online, and AI tools 1. ____________. Research shows people believe misinformation mainly because 2. ____________, like preferring information that fits their opinions or that they see often. Also, algorithms 3. ____________ because they are driven by popularity rather than truth. To fight this, you should check facts carefully against trusted sources. You should also avoid sharing information that 4. ____________. 【答案】1. make this problem worse 2. they have certain biases 3. spread it faster 4. you are not sure about 【解析】1. make the problem worse原文依据：The problem has become worse with new AI tools easily creating lifelike images, videos and text that can be used to share fake information.解析：AI工具能轻易生成逼真的虚假图文视频，让虚假信息传播问题变得更严重。用make the problem worse简洁概括，避免照抄原文连续3词。 2.they have certain biases原文依据：One of the reasons is "confirmation bias"... Similar to this is "familiarity bias"... There is also "availability bias"解析：人们相信错误信息的核心原因是各类认知偏见（确认偏见、熟悉偏见、可得性偏见）。用they have certain biases高度概括，符合“不连续抄原文3词”的要求。 3. spread it faster原文依据：Algorithms reward people's likes, comments and shares... This can mean misinformation gets spread and repeated very quickly.解析：算法通过点赞、评论、分享推流，让错误信息快速传播扩散。用spread it faster替换原文，简洁且不重复。 4.you are not sure about原文依据：Take time to check if the information is true before you share it, especially if it seems really shocking... And if you still have doubts — don't like, comment or share!解析：建议避免分享看起来耸人听闻或存疑（即不真实）的信息。用you are not sure about概括核心警示，符合字数限制。 同学们，大家知道地球的“冰箱”在哪里吗？它就是我们今天要学习的永久冻土（Permafrost）。这片被冰雪封印的土地，藏着地球远古的秘密，却也因全球变暖正在“苏醒”。今天我们通过这篇文章，一起解锁永久冻土的秘密，看看它到底是什么，为什么它的融化会关乎我们每个人的健康与地球环境？ 单词 意思 单词 意思 observe observation v. 观察，观测 n. 观察；观测数据 greenhouse gas carbon dioxide 温室气体 二氧化碳 thaw v. （冰、雪等）融化 hold together 粘合；结合在一起 shift v. v. 移动；转变 break down 分解；崩溃 bacterium n. 细菌 (复 bacteria) release gases 释放气体 What is permafrost? Permafrost is ground that stays completely frozen at 0℃ or colder for at least two years in a row. It is mostly found in cold places, like high mountains and areas near the North and South poles. ____________ Permafrost is made of soil, rocks and sand held together by ice. The soil and ice in permafrost stay frozen all year. However, a top layer called the active layer thaws in summer and freezes again in fall. How is permafrost changing? As Earth's temperature rises, permafrost is thawing. When permafrost thaws, the ice melts, leaving water and soil. This can cause problems like: • Northern villages built on permafrost can be damaged as the ground shifts when it thaws. • Frozen plant material in permafrost doesn't rot (腐烂). When it thaws, microbes (微生物) break it down, releasing greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane (甲烷). These gases warm the planet more, causing more permafrost to thaw. • Thawing permafrost can release ancient bacteria and viruses. These could make humans and animals sick. Because of these effects, scientists are watching Earth's permafrost closely. They often use observations from above to study large areas of permafrost, as it's hard to study them from the ground. 1. Where is permafrost most likely found? A. On the seafloor. B. Near the South Pole. C. Inside a volcano. D. In the rainforest. 2. Which heading best fits the blank in the text? A. Why is there permafrost? B. How important is permafrost? C. What is permafrost made of? D. Where does permafrost come from? 3. What can happen when permafrost thaws? A. The planet may be flooded. B. Earth may cool down. C. Southern villages may be damaged. D. Ancient bacteria and viruses may be released. 4. What is the text mainly about? A. The places where permafrost is found. B. How to stop permafrost from thawing. C. What causes permafrost to thaw. D. What permafrost is and why it matters. 【答案】1-4 BCDD 【解析】1. B解析：根据原文第一段 “It is mostly found in cold places, like high mountains and areas near the North and South poles.” 可知，永久冻土多分布在寒冷地区，如高山、南北极附近。对比选项，只有B选项“南极附近”符合。 2. C解析：空白处后文核心内容为 “Permafrost is made of soil, rocks and sand held together by ice.”（永久冻土由土壤、岩石和沙子组成，由冰粘合在一起），是对永久冻土构成成分的说明。因此选C “永久冻土由什么构成？”。 3. D解析：根据原文 “Thawing permafrost can release ancient bacteria and viruses (细菌和病毒).” 可知，永久冻土融化会释放古老的细菌和病毒。A选项“地球被淹没”、B选项“地球降温”、C选项“南方村庄受损”均未在原文提及；D选项与原文表述一致。 4. D解析：文章整体结构为：先介绍永久冻土是什么（What is permafrost?），再说明其构成，接着阐述其变化及带来的问题（How is permafrost changing?）。综上，文章主要介绍了永久冻土的定义、特征及其重要性（影响）。D选项“永久冻土是什么以及它为何重要”最能概括全文主旨。 提到科幻电影，你会想到什么？是《火星救援》里的植物种植，还是《流浪地球》里的全球拯救？今天介绍的电影《挽救计划》（Project Hail Mary），延续了“硬核科幻+温情治愈”的风格。它讲述了一个中学老师在太空中与外星盟友并肩作战，拯救地球和宇宙的故事。 单词 意思 单词 意思 adapt v. 改编 hit the big screen 登上大银幕，上映 survive v. 生存，幸存 tear tear apart v. 撕裂；撕破 撕裂；分裂 curious adj. 好奇的 ordinary adj. 普通的，平凡的 mission n. 任务；使命 universe n. 宇宙 cross species 跨物种 turn out 结果是；证明是 Adapted from US author Andy Weir's novel, the 2015 movie The Martian (《火星救援》) tells an exciting story about an astronaut's struggle to survive on Mars. On March 20, another of Weir's stories hits the big screen — Project Hail Mary (《挽救计划》). Much like The Martian, this movie follows a man who faces difficulties far away from Earth. That man is the movie's main character, Ryland Grace—a middle school science teacher. When he wakes up from a long sleep, he finds himself the only living member on a spaceship millions of miles from home. It turns out that he's on an important space mission to save the dying sun and all life on Earth. Just as Grace tries to complete his task alone, he meets a rock-like alien whose planet is being ruined by the same problem. By working together to save their homes, the two lonely beings build a warm friendship that crosses species. Instead of showing Grace as a brave hero, the movie presents him as an ordinary person everyone can connect with — kind, funny and curious. When he first meets the alien, whom he later names "Rocky", he's a little scared but still chooses to communicate and learn its language. When the two gradually grow closer, they discover their shared goal and the importance of teamwork. As their mission grows more and more dangerous, both Grace and Rocky risk their lives to protect each other. More touching than their friendship is the film's message that kindness can be found not just in humans, but in all living things across the universe. At a time when our world is torn apart by wars, it offers a reminder that the future remains bright as long as we care for one another. 1. Which of the following statements is TRUE about Project Hail Mary? A. It is the direct sequel of the 2015 movie The Martian. B. It is a sci-fi movie adapted from Andy Weir's novel. C. It tells a story about an astronaut's survival on Mars. D. It is a documentary about space exploration. 2. Why does Ryland Grace go to space according to the passage? A. To visit different planets and study aliens. B. To make friends with a rock-like alien. C. To save the dying sun and life on Earth. D. To experience life on a spaceship alone. 3. What can we infer from the passage about the movie's portrayal of Ryland Grace? A. He is a traditional brave hero who fears nothing. B. He is an ordinary person with kind and curious qualities. C. He is a scientist who is good at communicating with aliens. D. He is a teacher who only cares about his students. 4. What is the most touching message the movie wants to convey? A. Teamwork is the key to solving any problem. B. Communicating with aliens is very difficult. C. Kindness exists not only in humans but also in all living things. D. Wars and conflicts will destroy our world in the future. 5. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To introduce a new sci-fi movie and its core themes. B. To compare Project Hail Mary with The Martian. C. To explain how to make a successful sci-fi movie. D.To encourage people to travel to space. 【答案】1-5 BCBCA 【解析】1. B 细节理解题（正误判断）定位第二段首句：Adapted from US author Andy Weir's novel... On March 20, another of Weir's stories hits the big screen — Project Hail Mary. 可知《挽救计划》改编自Andy Weir的小说，是新上映的科幻电影。A错：文中未提及是《火星救援》续集；C错：讲述火星求生的是《火星救援》；D错：是电影而非纪录片。 2.C 细节理解题（原因类）定位第三段尾句：It turns out that he's on an important space mission to save the dying sun and all life on Earth. 直接对应选项C。A、B、D均非原文提及的核心目的。 3. B 推理判断题定位第五段首句：Instead of showing Grace as a traditional brave hero, the movie presents him as an ordinary person everyone can connect with — kind, funny and curiously eager to learn. 说明电影将Grace塑造成善良、好奇的普通人，对应B。A错：不是传统无畏英雄；C错：文中未提及擅长沟通，只是选择沟通；D错：过度片面，文中未提及只关心学生。 4. C 细节理解题（主旨类细节）定位第六段：More touching than their friendship is the film's message that kindness can be found not just in humans, but in all living things across the universe. 明确电影最动人的信息是善意存在于万物中，对应C。A错：团队合作是电影的一个点，但不是“最动人的信息”；B错：文中提到沟通了，只是困难；D错：是对世界的提醒，而非预言未来会毁灭。 细节理解题：主旨细节、情感推断 5. A 主旨大意题文章结构：第一段引入电影，第二段介绍与《火星救援》的关联，三至六段介绍剧情、人物形象和核心主题。整体目的是介绍这部新科幻电影及其主题，对应A。B错：仅为第二段引入，非主旨；C错：未解释如何拍科幻片；D错：无中生有。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $