Unit 3 Section Ⅴ Writing-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册教师用书word（人教版）

本讲义聚焦“环境问题报告写作”核心知识点，构建从课文分析到写作实践的完整学习支架，包括梳理报告篇章结构，学习举例说明、列举说明等写作手法，掌握正式客观的语言特色及因果、问题解决类逻辑衔接词，再通过构思谋篇、要点表达及针对练笔，形成“输入-内化-输出”的写作能力培养链。 该资料亮点在于融合语言能力（如“tourist destinations”等专业术语、“contribute to”等逻辑词汇运用）、思维品质（原因分析与措施列举的严谨性，如漓江污染案例中游船、人口增长等因素分析）和学习能力（提供写作佳句、主题语段等素材及南湖公园补全练习），课中辅助教师系统教学，课后助力学生自主巩固，有效提升报告写作综合素养。

Section Ⅴ　 Writing 写作项目——Write a report on an environmental issue 　　本单元的写作任务是写一篇“关于环境问题的报告”。 报告是一种常见的应用文体,正文通常包括问题描述、问题产生的原因分析、解决问题的具体措施以及成效等。报告需要如实反映客观情况,提供的措施必须科学严谨,用词力求准确。 |由课文学写作| 一、学写作架构 阅读课文,总结本课的篇章结构如下: 二、学写作手法 1.此类写作在阐述原因时,通常采用举例说明的写作手法,引发读者的关注和思考。如第二段中“Many tour boats contributed to the problem too. Kitchens on board were using lots of oil, which was often thrown into the water. The growth in tourism also meant the local population rose rapidly, as well as the number of commercial and industrial enterprises.”通过举例,说明游船、旅游业发展带来的人口增长和企业增加等因素是导致水污染的主要原因。 2.此类写作在描述措施时,通常采用列举说明的写作手法,清晰地展现了解决问题的具体做法。如第三段中“A comprehensive initiative was started, with a number of measures that addressed the issues. The construction of waste water treatment facilities improved the water quality and water conservation. The collection and transport of household waste was also improved. Dozens of polluting enterprises were closed or moved.”通过列举具体的行动,如建设污水处理设施、改善垃圾收集和运输、关闭或迁移污染企业等,介绍了解决漓江污染的具体做法。 三、赏语言特色 1.报告的语言较为正式和客观,常使用一些专业术语,如本文中的“tourist destinations” “water pollution”等。 2.通过具体数据来强调问题的严重性,如本文运用“an increasing volume of tourists, many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river”强调了游客数量的增加使漓江的水质严重恶化。 四、学逻辑衔接 此类文体在行文时经常使用很多表示因果关系、阐述问题和措施的词汇或表达方式。本文中使用了以下词汇和表达方式,使文章衔接顺畅,逻辑清晰。 1.Cause and effect:have negative effects on, suffer from, contribute to, in order to, lead to, cause 2.Problems and solutions: (1)Words:improve, close, set up, introduce, spread, carry out,fine, preserve, tackle, head towards (2)Expressions: ①Urgent steps should be taken to ... ②A comprehensive initiative ... ③With a number of measures that addressed ... ④With these measures ... ⑤With such campaigns in effect ... 3.Cohesive words (衔接词):however, furthermore, at the same time, in addition 提能训练/完成句子 ①Measures should be taken to protect the rare wild animals.  应该采取措施保护珍稀野生动物。 ②A number of measures were taken to address/tackle the problem.  为解决这个问题采取了许多措施。 ③Furthermore/In addition, the arts can bring communities together, reducing loneliness and making people feel safer.  此外,艺术可以让社区团结起来,减少孤独感,让人们感到更安全。 |写作项目指导| Write a report on an environmental issue ——写一篇关于环境问题的报告 第一步:构思谋篇 文体 结构 首段 引入话题:点明环境问题及原因 中段 解决环境问题的具体措施 尾段 措施的成效及发起呼吁 时态和人称 以一般现在时和一般过去时为主;以第三人称为主 第二步:要点表达 第一部分:点明环境问题及原因 ①Many beautiful rivers and lakes have been polluted by the waste water from factories, and the polluted water even does harm to people as well as other living things.  许多美丽的河流和湖泊已经被工厂的废水污染,被污染的水甚至对人和其他的生物有害。 ②The environment on our campus used to be unsatisfactory, with rubbish everywhere and a lot of graffiti on the walls.  我们校园的环境过去不太令人满意,到处都是垃圾,墙上乱涂乱画。 ③As is known to all, the earth keeps suffering from serious pollution, abuse of resources and illegal hunting,as a result of which, it is not the beautiful planet it used to be.  众所周知,地球长期面临严重污染、滥用资源和非法狩猎等问题,因此,地球不再是过去那样美丽的星球了。 ④At present, a great deal of rubbish is produced in some cities, such as leftover food, waste paper, plastic bottles and batteries, which has had a bad impact on our environment.  目前,在一些城市产生了大量的垃圾,如剩饭、废纸、塑料瓶、电池等,对环境造成了严重的影响。 第二部分:解决环境问题的具体措施 ①We should recycle and reuse things, for this saves money and reduces pollution.  我们应该回收和重复使用物品,因为这样能节省钱,也能减少污染。 ②To tackle this issue, the city government introduced the system of rubbish classification.  为了解决这个问题,市政府出台了垃圾分类制度。 ③There is no doubt that the factories which pour waste water and the visitors who throw garbage into the lake will get fined.  毫无疑问,向湖里倾倒废水的工厂以及把垃圾扔进湖里的游客将被罚款。 第三部分:措施的成效及发起呼吁 1.措施的成效 ①Fortunately, thanks to the launch of Environmental Protection Day, our campus has experienced great changes since then. 幸运的是,由于环保日的启动,我们的校园经历了巨大的变化。  ②With more trees and flowers planted, now we’re enjoying a cleaner campus, which has become a place where we can study and live comfortably. (with的复合结构)  随着更多的树和花的种植,现在我们正在享受一个更干净的校园,它已经成为一个我们可以舒适地学习和生活的地方。 ③As a consequence, the waste has been scaled down efficiently.  结果,有效地减少了废物。 ④Not only can garbage sorting decrease our waste and recycle useful materials, but it can also facilitate a greener lifestyle and build a more eco⁃friendly city.  垃圾分类不仅可以减少我们的浪费和回收有用的材料,而且还可以促进更绿色的生活方式和建设一个更环保的城市。 2.发起呼吁 ①If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment, the earth will become much more beautiful.如果每个人都为保护环境作出贡献,地球将变得更加美丽。  ②With more efforts made, I’m confident that our campus will become more and more beautiful. (with的复合结构)  通过付出更多的努力,我相信我们的校园会变得越来越美丽。 [针对练笔] 　　南湖公园是一处旅游胜地,但近年来受到严重的污染。当地政府采取了一些有效措施,使得污染情况有所减轻。请根据提示写一篇环境问题的报告。内容包括: 1.曾经的情景(景美、水清、鱼儿嬉戏); 2.问题描述(游客乱扔垃圾、生产废水污染); 3.当地政府已经采取措施来拯救南湖公园,情况有所好转。 　　根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面的短文。 South Lake Park is a place of interest, ①where water used to be clear (那里的水曾经很清澈) and fishes swam happily.  Unfortunately,waste water from factories and hotels around ②kept pouring into the lake (源源不断地注入湖中) day and night. Moreover, rubbish was often thrown into it by the visitors,③causing serious pollution (造成严重污染).  Luckily,the local government realized the dangerous situation soon and ④took some effective measures (采取了一些有效措施). The factories were forced to move away. In addition, many workers were employed to clean the rubbish. The lake is ⑤gradually restoring to its beauty (逐渐恢复它的美丽).  |写作素材储备| (一)写作佳句 Ⅰ.常用开头句 1.The water of ... in the past was clear to the bottom, calm without waves. 昔日的……,河水清澈见底,平静无波。 2.Nowadays, environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious all over the world and is threatening ... 当今世界,环境污染日益严重,威胁着…… Ⅱ.常用中间句 1.... have become so badly polluted that ... is unfit to drink or to use. ……已经被污染得如此严重,以至于……已经不适合饮用。 2.Our government has taken strict measures to ... 我国政府已采取严格措施来…… 3.Pollution is an issue that crosses national boundaries.污染是一个不分国界的问题。 4.Fortunately, more and more people have realized these problems and have made a contribution to protecting the environment. 幸运的是,越来越多的人已经意识到了这些问题,并为保护环境做出了贡献。 Ⅲ.常用结束句 1.We need to work together to protect ... 我们需要一起努力来保护…… 2.It is high time for us to take measures to prevent ... 该是我们采取措施来阻止……的时候了。 3.It is our common desire to keep environmental pollution away from us. 让环境污染远离我们,这是我们共同的愿望。 4.Please get rid of bad habits, and act as environmental protection guards to maintain this beautiful home! 请革除陋习,做环保卫士,共同来维护这个美丽的家园! (二)主题语段 1.环境问题 This place has a terrible environmental problem. The air is filled with strong chemical smells, making it hard to breathe. Streets are littered with garbage, and pools are filled with waste. People often feel unwell. This environment poses a threat to our health. 这个地方的环境问题很糟糕。空气中弥漫着浓烈的化学气味,让人难以呼吸。街道上到处是垃圾,水池里满是垃圾。人们经常感觉到不舒服。这种环境对我们的健康造成了威胁。 2.改善环境的措施 We are taking steps to improve the environment. We have installed more trash cans and encourage people not to litter. Volunteers clean the park every week. We are also promoting recycling, such as turning old paper into new paper. We believe these efforts will make our environment better. 我们正在采取行动改善环境。我们安装了更多的垃圾桶,鼓励人们不要乱扔垃圾。志愿者每周清理公园。我们也在推广循环再利用,比如把废旧纸做成新纸。我们相信这些努力会让我们的环境变得更加美好。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $