考前押题04 选词填空6大常考话题（期中专项训练）高一英语下学期沪外版

考前押题04 选词填空6大常考话题 话题1 生活与学习 话题4 历史、社会与文化 话题2 做人与做事 话题5 科学与技术 话题3 文学、艺术与体育 话题6 人与自然 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 话题1 生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·上海杨浦·期中）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is ONE WORD MORE than you need. A．reinterpreting    B．ingredients    C． favors    D．cuts     E. expectation    F. refreshing    G. embarrassing    H. fare    I. perception    J. serves    K. embracing Is British Food Still a Joke? British cuisine has long been stereotyped as bland, brown, and uninspiring. Dishes like fish pie, mushy peas, and summer pudding reinforce this 1 . British anthropologist Kate Fox attributes this reputation to historical factors, including Puritan self-denial, the Industrial Revolution’s separation of people from the land, and wartime rationing (定量配给). Unlike the French or Italians, the English have often viewed a deep passion for food as 2 . However, Britain's food culture has evolved. Immigration from former colonies in the mid-20th century introduced vibrant flavors, and in recent decades, London's restaurant scene has risen to a world-class level, offering everything from Thai soup to Nigerian barbecue. This has led to a renewed appreciation for traditional British 3 At the height of a globalized high-end food culture, which 4 small plates and intricate garnishes (装饰品), the stark plainness of British comfort food has begun to feel 5 . The viral fame of “Old Dry Keith” and Burberry’s partnership with Norman’s Café, which celebrates classic greasy spoon dishes, reflecting this growing fascination. This revival is also driven by a new generation of chefs 6 British cuisine. St. John, the London institution run by Fergus Henderson and known for its nose-to-tail cooking, celebrated its 30th anniversary last year. Younger chefs who have passed through its kitchen, as well as that of the similarly influential Rochelle Canteen, founded by Margot Henderson in 2004, are now opening their own restaurants. Margot recalls early criticism of their food for being too “brown” but he is now 7 the aesthetic, “We love brown. It's about letting it be.” She has become known for improving English classics like Lancashire hot pot and boiled ham with parsley sauce, arguing that while British food is gentle and simple, “simple is not easy.” “It’s the care for 8 that’s really coming into play now,” says Will Lewis, a chef who has worked at both St. John Bread and Wine and Rochelle Canteen. In 2020, he founded Willy’s Pies, seeking to revive the meat pie, a centuries-old staple that had been neglected in recent decades. “People have found short cuts and so everyone has the 9 that it should be cheaper rather than focusing on its quality,” he explains. He now sells pies with traditional fillings like chicken and beef, using prime 10 from grass-fed animals, as well as versions with less common stuffings, such as oxtail with oyster, a specialty of London’s historic pie and mash shops. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·上海·月考）选词填空 A．interest    B．desire    C． respond    D．joy E. displeasure    F. opposite    G. known    H. challenge I. eventually    J. continued    K. importantly I became a gardener when I was twelve. My early intention of gardening may not have originated from my love for nature. It was to 1 my parents. At that time, we had a big yard in which a beautiful maple tree stood. But my mother often looked with doubt at this work of natural art. Those golden leaves seemed like tons of rubbish to her, “something else to clean up!” Seeing the neighbors busy with gardening, my father even thought it a waste of time. At that age, I always did something 2 to whatever my parents did! If gardening were something they found upsetting, I would plant a garden! I planted some lily seeds in the yard. But they failed to come up. I continued to plant sunflower seeds and roses. Wild with 3 I found the first rose bloom (开花). One by one, the flowers bloomed their heads off. I was touched 4 by this land of wonder. However, my parents showed no 5 in my garden. My father even shouted at me because he found it was troublesome to move around my garden to the driveway. To my mother’s 6 , I put in her vase my real roses which, in her eyes, were simply weeds rather than flowers. Regardless of their dislike, I kept on planting my garden and 7 to enjoy the pleasure of gardening. Plants make such good companions: they breathe, they bloom, they 8 to care and love. It has been many years since I made my first garden out of my 9 to annoy my parents. Today I become 10 as Mrs. Green thumbs, teaching gardening and hosting a gardening show, which makes my parents feel very proud. And now I could say it is my affection for nature that makes me a real gardener. Passage 3 （23-24高一下·上海·期中）Directions: Complete the following paragraphs by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．reveal B．means C． identify D．confirmed  E. highlighted  F. value G. return  H. appearance I. conditions  J. trained  K. discriminate Face shape lets AI spot rare disorders People with genetic syndromes sometimes have telltale (泄露秘密的) facial features, but using them to make a quick and cheap diagnosis can be tricky given there are hundreds of possible 1 they may have. A new neural network that analyses photographs of faces can help doctors narrow down the possibilities. Yaron Gurovich at biotechnology firm FDNA in Boston and his team built a neural network to look at the gestalt — or overall impression — of faces and 2 a list of the 10 genetic syndromes a person is most likely to have. They 3 the neural network, called DeepGestalt, on 17,000 images correctly labelled to match more than 200 genetic syndromes (综合症). The team then asked the AI to 4 potential genetic disorders from a further 502 photos of people with such conditions. It included the correct answer among its list of 10 responses 91 per cent of the time. Gurovich and his team also tested the neural network’s ability to distinguish between the different genetic mutations (变异) that can lead to the same syndrome. They used photographs of people with Noonan syndrome, which can result from mutations in any one of five genes. DeepGestalt correctly identified the genetic source of the physical 5 64 per cent of the time. It’s clearly not perfect, but it’s still much better than humans are at trying to do this. As the system makes its assessments, the facial regions that were most helpful in the determination are 6 and made available for doctors to view. This helps them to understand the relationships between genetic make-up and physical appearance. The fact that the diagnosis is based on a simple photograph raises questions about privacy. If faces can 7 details about genetics, then employers and insurance providers could, in principle, secretly use such techniques to 8 against people who have a high probability of having certain disorders. However, Gurovich says the tool will only be available for use by clinicians. This technique could bring significant benefits for those who have genetic syndromes. The real value here is that for some of these ultra-rare diseases, the process of diagnosis can be many, many years. This kind of technology can help narrow down the search space and then be 9 through checking genetic markers. For some diseases, it will cut down the time to diagnosis dramatically. For others, it could perhaps add 10 of finding other people with the disease and, in turn, help find new treatments or cures. 话题2 做人与做事 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·上海闵行·期中）Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need. A．celebrates           B．contribute           C． challenges           D．enthusiastic E. fulfilling          F. large-scale       G. measures         H. flexible         I. passions J. eventually          K. structures Full steam ahead In an exhibition at the National Railway Museum in York, England, Lin Qi is featured as one of the “railway heroes” who helped key workers move around the country during the lockdown. Qi is part of a team working on HS2, a new high-speed railway that will 1 connect some of the UK’s biggest cities using trains that can travel up to 224 miles per hour. “The most rewarding thing about construction for me is getting to see a design on paper become a(n)physical project,” says Qi. With HS2, she also enjoys working on a project that is bringing new opportunities and creating new jobs. Seeing something go from an idea to a visible part of the world is something she finds incredibly 2 . Qi studied architecture at university before taking a job with an engineering company. Architecture involves designing buildings and structures, but Qi discovered that her true passion was in engineering, where she could work on 3 projects like railways. In her job, she feels 4 about connecting people, and she believes that trains and railways are a vital part of that connection. Engineering is all about using science and math to build machines and other 5 , such as bridges, buildings, and railways. “It’s a sector still dominated by males, but this is changing fast,” says Qi. On June 23, International Women in Engineering Day 6 the work women are doing on big projects such as HS2. This year’s theme is “engineering heroes”, recognizing the contributions of women in this field. For anyone wanting to follow a similar career, Qi advises, “Have a goal in mind but be open-minded and 7 ” She says that five years ago, she wouldn’t have imagined that she would be working in this sort of job. However, she emphasizes that there is a lot of opportunity in engineering, not just for women but for everyone. She looks forward to new 8 and the chance to make a difference. Lin Qi’s story is an inspiring example of how following your 9 and being open to new opportunities can lead to a rewarding and impactful career. Whether you’ re interested in architecture, engineering, or another field, there are always ways to 10 to important projects and help connect people and communities. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·上海静安·期中）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．exploit B．presenting C． seeking D．assess E. access F. accuracy G. sources H. perspectives I. personally J. crucial  K. objectively In the digital age, where information floods every corner of our lives, the role of journalists has become more 1 than ever. As the gatekeepers of information, they are responsible for sorting through the vast sea of data and 2 the public with accurate and reliable news. In the past, journalists relied mainly on traditional 3 such as interviews, official documents, and on-site investigations. These methods provided a relatively stable and trustworthy foundation for news reporting. However, the digital revolution has changed the game. Today, they have 4 to a vast amount of information online. Social media platforms, for instance, have become important channels for news gathering. But this new-found abundance of information comes with a price. The information on these platforms is often unfiltered, and its 5 cannot be guaranteed. Journalists need to be more cautious and take extra steps to 6 the authenticity (真实性) of the information they obtain. One of the challenges journalists face is the issue of instant news. In the digital age, the pressure to break news first is intense. This has led to a situation where false information can spread quickly. Some people may 7 the loopholes (漏洞) in information verification systems to achieve certain goals, which can mislead the public. Journalists must adhere to (遵循) high ethical standards and report the news 8 . They should present different 9 on an issue to give the audience a comprehensive understanding. Another aspect is the need to make news more accessible to the public. With the increasing competition in the media industry, journalists need to use multimedia elements to present news in a more interesting and engaging way. However, journalists should not sacrifice the quality of the news. They still need to focus on providing in-depth and accurate reports instead of 10 superficial attention-grabbing tactics. Passage 3 （23-24高一下·上海·期中）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．challenging  B．costly  C． exclusion  D．guaranteed  E. necessarily  F. performed G. scale  H. similarly  I. suffering  J. tracked  K. vain Is more happiness always better than less? The researchers asked college students to rate their feelings on a 1 from “unhappy” to “very happy” and compared the results with academic and social outcomes. Though the “very happy” participants had the best social lives, they 2 worse in school than those who were merely “happy”. The researchers then examined a data set from another study that rated college freshman’s “cheerfulness” and 3 their income nearly two decades later. They found that the most cheerful were not the highest earners. That distinction once again went to the second-highest group, which rated their cheerfulness as “above average”. As with everything in life, happiness has its trade-offs. Pursuing happiness to the 4 of other goals — known as psychological hedonism (享乐主义) — not only is in 5 , but may also give you a life where you do not reach your full , potential, where you are unwilling to take risks, where you choose temporary pleasures over 6 experiences that give life meaning. The way to understand the study above is not to deny that happiness is good; rather, it is to remember that a little bit of unhappiness has benefits. When I talk with people about their fear of negative outcomes in life, their true source of fear, in many cases, centers on how they will feel about having failed, not about the consequences of failure itself. This is similar to the way discomfort with uncertainty causes more anxiety than 7 bad news. To avoid these bad feelings, people give up all kinds of opportunities that involve the possibility of failure. However, bringing good things into your life, whether love or career success, usually involves risk. Risk does not, of course, 8 make us happy. A risky life will very likely bring disappointment, but it can bring greater rewards than a life played safe, as the studies suggested. None of this is to say that we are foolish for wanting to be happy. On the contrary, the desire for happiness is natural and normal. However, making the quest for positive feelings your highest or only goal is a 9 life strategy. Endless happiness is impossible to achieve, and doing so sacrifices many of the elements of a good life. As the Canadian-American psychologist Paul Bloom wrote, “It’s the 10 we choose that affords the most opportunity for pleasure, meaning, and personal growth.” 话题3 文学、艺术与体育 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·上海浦东新·期中）Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．blanket  B．craftsmanship  C． delicately  D．integrating  E. medium F. mirrors  G. nestled  H. sheltering  I. snaking  J. spark  K. typically Enshi, a beautiful city in Hubei Province, is renowned for its stunning natural scenery and rich cultural heritage. Enshi is blessed with a pleasant climate throughout the year, 1 in the mountains. Lush forests 2 the area, and the air is refreshing establishing it as a natural oxygen bar. The famous Qingjiang River winds through the city, 3 like a blue ribbon. Along the river, there are countless peculiarly-shaped peaks and magnificent gorges, such as the Qingjiang Gallery, which attracts numerous tourists with its breathtaking views. Enshi serves as a homeland for diverse ethnic minorities, with the Tujia and Miao ethnic groups being the most prominent. The Tujia people have a long-standing history and a rich tapestry of traditions. Their distinctive dance, the “Hand-waving Dance”, is full of vitality and 4 their enthusiasm for life. Their architectural style, represented by the stilt-houses, known as “Diaojiaolou”, is not only practical but also aesthetically pleasing, 5 harmoniously with the natural environment. These houses are 6 built on slopes or near water. Supported by wooden stilts, the lower part of the house is left open, which can be used for storing tools or 7 livestock, while the upper part provides living quarters. The exteriors are adorned with delicate carvings of flowers, birds, and mythical creatures, showcasing the Tujia people’s superb 8 . The Miao ethnic group in Enshi also has its own unique charm. Their traditional festivals, such as the Sisters’ Meal Festival, are full of joy and festivity. During this festival, young Miao girls prepare colorful “sisters’ meals”, which are not only delicious but also carry symbolic meanings. Boys and girls use these meals as a(n) 9 to express their affection for each other. The Miao people are also well-known for their intricate silver jewelry. Necklaces, bracelets, earrings and 10 designed silver headdresses, are not only decorative but also hold cultural significance, representing wealth, status, and protection in Miao society. With its beautiful scenery, rich culture, and delicious food, Enshi is truly a shining gem in western Hubei, eagerly awaiting more people to discover and explore. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·上海·期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．audiences     B．common     C． living     D．experiencing     E. financial     F. impossible G. introducing     H. launch     I. released     J. saw     K. scenes Hit TV Drama ‘Blossoms’ Drives a New Craze in Shanghai Formerly known as a gastronomy paradise, Shanghai’s Huanghe Road used to be home to over 100 restaurants, many of which served high-end fare that only the rich and famous could afford. But everything started to change in the mid-1990s when a spate of changes sapped the lustre out of this bustling street. New safety regulations, for example, 1 the iconic neon signs that gave the street much of its character torn from the buildings. Fried snakes, a delicacy that many intrepid gourmands sought after, were also banned. The Asian 2 crisis in the late 1990s and the SARS pandemic in 2003 subsequently resulted in many restaurants closing down. But the area is now 3 a revival of sorts, with throngs of people armed with cameras flocking to it in search of nostalgia and historical clues. Wang Yongfen, who has been 4 in a shikumen lane house on Huanghe Road for the last 35 years, said she has never seen such crowds before. The reason behind this phenomenon is Blossoms Shanghai, a new television series by Hong Kong director Wong Kar-wai that was 5 on December 27, 2023. Adapted from Chinese writer Jin Yucheng’s award-winning novel Fan Hua (Blossoms), the TV series takes 6 back to 1990s Shanghai when the city was experiencing unprecedented economic growth and prosperity. “The TV series did a great job in portraying Shanghai in the 1990s. Although the names of the restaurants and shops in the drama were made up, the 7 got me reminiscing about the many old-school restaurants and bars here,” said the 60-year-old. “Restaurants here were the pioneers in 8 Hong Kong cuisine to the city. Many top chefs from Hong Kong used to work in the restaurants here,” recalled Wang. “Hong Kong dishes quickly became popular as pop songs and movies from Hong Kong were highly sought after here in the 1990s. It was 9 to see photos of restaurant owners posing with famous movie stars and singers from Hong Kong.” A security guard surnamed Zhang who works at an office building along the road told China Daily that the area has been overflowing with visitors since the 10 of the new show. Passage 3 （23-24高一下·上海·期中）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．cracked B．court C． assured D．stressed E. harboring F. making G. roared H. groundbreaking I. ultimate J. sensation K. check “Queen Wen” Ready to Reign Zheng Qinwen has become the second Chinese to ever reach a major singles final after Li Na’s pioneering triumph at the Australian Open a decade ago. So close to the championship and so disappointed! Yet, it is with so much pride that we can reflect on the journey of a Grand Slam champion in the 1 . Despite her tough final loss to defending champion Aryna Sabalenka, the tennis 2 Zheng’s amazing run at the Australian Open has served up another major boost for the sport in China. An aggressive talent, 3 championship dreams since watching Li in 2014, Zheng was one step away from having her own name on the same trophy, as she started battle against the mighty Sabalenka on Saturday evening, 4 by an enthusiastic Chinese crowd at the Rod Laver Arena and the entire tennis community back home. Two sets and 76 minutes later, Zheng’s first Grand Slam final ended in an alert reality 5 that, the 21-year-old still has plenty of catching up to do before reaching the very top of the game, technically and mentally, even though she 6 the world top 10. It is a must because, if one loses, there must be a reason behind it. Zheng has to try to figure out why, and then she will come back stronger and better next time. Coming up just one step short of the 7 prize, Zheng held back tears at the award ceremony while gazing at the trophy when Sabalenka lifted it for a second time in a row. She 8 how much better she could have done during the postmatch interviews, even with media all greeting her with words of encouragement. Nothing seemed enough to satisfy the ambitious competitor, who’s already achieved many “firsts” for Chinese tennis over the past two weeks. With Zheng leading the way, China will have seven female players ranked within the top 100. This progress owes a lot to Li’s 9 career, which helped encourage Zheng’s generation to dream bigger. Witnessing the collective rise of the next generation, Li said she can rest 10 that the game’s future is in good hands. 话题4 历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·上海·期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one more word than you need. A．eye-catching B．potentially C． tailor D．engagement E. appeals F. issues G. obviously H. strategies I. complete J.  ill-intentioned K. accuracy Clickbait has been around for as long as the commercial internet itself. Early forms of clickbait were simple. Websites and marketers used exaggerated claims, emotional 1 and provocative (煽动性的) question to arouse users’ curiosity. As a result, the users clicked to read more. Typical examples include headlines like “You won’t believe what this celebrity has done” or “Five ways to make a million dollars.” However, users have learned to recognize the tricks and begun to surf around obvious clickbait. This has forced marketers to improve their 2 -with the help of AI. AI tools can analyze vast amounts of public information. In the process, they learn what types of headlines are most likely to get more clicks. Then they produce 3 , human-like ones that are harder to determine as clickbait. AI can also create entire content, even an article 4 with an attractive introduction, persuasive but 5 invented arguments, and convincing but misleading conclusions. It’s all designed to keep readers hooked until the very end. This can provide the time needed to deliver malware (恶意软件) or other bad intentions. By analyzing a user’s browsing and search history, social media activity, and other online tracking behavior, AI can predict what content is most appealing to the user. It can also 6 content based on geolocation, nationality or personal preferences. The latest AI algorithms (算法) are getting better at understanding and making use of human emotions. They can identify trending topics, emotional hot points and controversial (有争议的) news. They then use that information to produce content that taps into human emotions like fear, anger or joy. By doing this, AI-driven clickbait can drive higher 7 and share, spreading rapidly across social networks. The rise of advanced AI-driven clickbait poses several concerns. First are the 8 of misinformation. Clickbait places more importance on involvement than 9 , which often leads to the spread of false or misleading information. This can have serious consequences, especially when it comes to politics and public safety. It can also damage a brand’s reputation if the clickbait spreads 10 information about a company. AI-generated clickbait can also contribute to the decrease of trust in online content-even when it comes from trusted sources-if it isn’t properly checked before it’s posted. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·上海·期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．acquire B．chains C．counter D．division E．express F．mechanism G．mining H．regulatory I．safeguard J．severity Y．organs No lying flat on personal data protection The Ministry of Public Security recently announced 10 typical cases of crimes that infringe (侵犯) on citizens’ personal information, including the stealing of personal information related to 1 deliveries, false recruitment, invading shopping application, and criminals pretending to be medical insurance department staff to collect people’s personal information. The public security 2 cracked more than 7,000 criminal cases that infringed on citizens’ personal information last year. That reflects the 3 of the problem. In the digital age, personal information has become a “digital mineral” for some people. Criminal gangs can sell the personal information they illegally 4 for huge profits, and the amount involved in a single case can reach millions of yuan. Some new trends in crimes that infringe on citizens’ personal information are also due to 5 loopholes. For example, the means of committing such crimes are becoming more and more technical. Criminal gangs can produce and release Trojan programs to control computers of the victims. The 6 involved are also harder to trace, as the criminal gangs collude with express industry staff to steal the personal information provided with an order. These gray industry chains have become more developed with increasingly clear labor 7 within the criminal gangs in the upstream and downstream undertakings. In response, the authorities should take advantage of technological means to 8 the increasingly intelligent and organized illegal data 9 activities related to personal information, especially those in the education, medical care, logistics and other key industries. Moreover, they should improve the reward mechanism for reporting clues and encourage the public to 10 their legitimate rights and interests through legal channels. Passage 3 （24-25高一下·上海·期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．embarrassment    B．flow    C．spread    D．irregular    E．lower F．overlooked    G．present    H．ruining    I．sharpening    J．skilled    K．trained Growing Up on the Grid Like computer circuit boards (电路板), many American cities are organized into grid (网格) patterns and they experience a vast 1 of people moving through them. In our new study published in Nature, we reveal that the city grid has a problem. Designed to ease navigation, they can in turn 2 the spatial (空间的) skill of those who grow up in them. Learning to navigate allows us to be independent, adventure to new places, and avoid the 3 of getting lost. Previous studies reported that our navigation ability can be affected by many factors, such as age, gender and education. One factor that had been 4 was the environment where we grow up. We therefore wanted to find out whether it was better to grow up in the city or countryside with regard to the 5 of one's navigation skills. To answer this question, we tested such skills of over four million people via Sea Hero Quest, an app-based video game we developed. It turned out that people who grew up outside of cities were better navigators than those who had grown up inside of them. The advantage was 6 across the lifespan of the participants, though showing a slight increase in later life. So what is it about cities that seems to bring down our spatial abilities? We may examine the rankings across countries for the navigation skill. One feature of these countries (the U.S, Canada and Argentina) whose citizens are terrible navigators is that they all have grid - arranged cities. At the other end of the rankings are countries such as Romania and Italy, with highly 7 city layouts. Do our results suggest that griddy cities are 8 your navigation abilities? Not quite. We found that although people who grew up in griddy cities were worse at navigation overall, they were slightly more 9 at navigating griddy environments than people from outside cities. So, if you were to pass through Manhattan or Barcelona, having a fellow navigator who grew up in a city would be helpful. The clusters of information moving through their brain circuits have been 10 to succeed within the grid. 话题5 科学与技术 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·上海·期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．accounts B．collect C． complex D．favorable E. hub F. maintenance G. operates H. place I. piloted J. round K. volume Getting a drone to deliver your coffee at the Great Wall! In August, Badaling Great Wall launched the first drone delivery route in Beijing, as the scenic spot aims to enhance tourist experience, strengthen emergency support capabilities and improve the digital capabilities of its daily operations and 645 The application scenarios of instant delivery services by drones are constantly expanding. Earlier this month. Meituan launched a drone delivery route at Fudan University in Shanghai, making it the first such offering at a university in the city. This route connects a business 1 in the Wujiaochang area of Shanghai with the student apartments in the east district of Fudan Universıty. Drones complete a 2 trip flight every 15 minutes on average, and students can 3 their orders at a cabinet set up near their dormitories. When the drone   4 at a distance of 50 meters, its noise level is only about 51 decibels (分贝), which is lower than the 5 of a regular conversation, Meituan said. South China’s Guangdong has been a 6 for drone development. The consumer drones sector in the province 7 for over 70 percent of the global market share, while the industrial drones sector holds 50 percent of the international market, according to the local government. In various application scenarios of the low-altitude economy, instant delivery services by drones in cities have been more complex, and they are currently being 8 in some particular areas. The service is expected to gradually gain traction across the nation with 9 policy support, address the issue of urban traffic congestion and improve delivery efficiency. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·上海浦东新·期中）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．conscious     B．myths          C． lying         D．behaviours      E. necessarily F. inadequate     G. recognizing     H. merrily       I. hidden Why it’s hard to spot a liar?   Moving in their seat, glancing around the room and never looking you in the eye. We think we know when someone is 1 to us, but do we really?   A study published in the Personality and Social Psychology Review showed that people’s ability to tell if someone is lying to them is little better than 50%. Interestingly, other research suggests that we are actually quite good at unconsciously spotting liars, but our 2 thoughts reject this. Scientist R. Edward Geiselman points out that training in 3 liars doesn’t always help, saying “quick, 4 training courses lead people to do worse than if they go with their natural reactions”. One reason for this may be “truth bias (偏见) ”. Experts have suggested that we are usually biased to believe that people are telling us the truth, at least in most contexts. Another reason that might make us bad at identifying liars is that there are a number of 5 around body language and lying. Many of us believe that liars are unlikely to look us in the eye or will move restlessly in their seat. However, this isn’t 6 the case. Professor of psychology Kevin Colwell suggests that liars often work hard to cover up these 7 . It may be that not looking away, or sitting more still than usual, are actually the giveaways that someone is not telling the truth. It can be hard to spot liars. We are likely to trust people, and behaviours can be 8 . but if we know someone well, and if someone is working too hard to stick to their story, it’s possible to see through people who are not telling the truth. Passage 3 （23-24高一下·上海嘉定·期中）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．backed  B．benefit  C． consumption  D．diversity  E. disordered  F. matter G. perceive  H. led  I. snacking  J. treat  K. wandering Walking past a corner bakery, you may find yourself drawn in by the fresh smell of sweets wafting from the front door. You're not alone. The knowledge that humans make decisions based on their nose has 1 major brands like Cinnabon and Panera Bread to use the scents of baked goods in their restaurants, leading to big increases in sales. But according to a new study, the food you ate just before your walk past the bakery may impact your chance of stopping in for a sweet 2 —and not just because you're full. Scientists at Northwestern University found that people became less sensitive to food odors (气味) based on the meal they had eaten just before. So, if you were 3 on baked goods from a coworker before your walk, for example, you may be less likely to stop into that sweet-smelling bakery. The study found that participants who had just eaten a meal of either cinnamon buns (肉桂面包) or pizza were less likely to 4 "meal-matched" odors, but not non-matched odors. The findings were then 5 by brain scans that showed brain activity in parts of the brain that process odors was altered in a similar way. These findings show that just as smell regulates what we eat, what we eat—in turn—regulates our sense of smell. Feedback between food intake and the olfactory (嗅觉的) system may have an evolutionary 6 , said senior and corresponding study author Thorsten Kahnt, an assistant professor at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. "If you think about our ancestors 7 around the forest trying to find food, they find and eat berries and then aren't as sensitive to the smell of berries anymore, "Kahnt said. So it could theoretically help facilitate (促进) 8 in food and nutrient intake. While we may not notice the hunter-gatherer adaptation having an effect on our day-to-day decision-making, the connection between our nose, what we seek out and what we can detect with our nose may still 9 . If the nose isn't working right, for example, the feedback may be disrupted, leading to problems with 10 eating and obesity. There may even be links to disrupted sleep, another tie to the olfactory system the Kahnt lab is researching. 话题6人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·上海·期中）选词填空 A．acting    B．address   C． civilization   D．cleared E. hugely   F. identified  G. proposed   H. invaluable I. combination   J. comprehension   K. sustainably China’s ‘Green Wall’ China has embarked on an ambitious programme to plant thousands, if not millions, of trees to stop desertification, in the hope that the trees will act as a barrier — or a ‘green wall’ — between 1 and the desert. The cause of desertification in China is multi-faceted. A 2 of natural and human factors are at play, although it is becoming increasingly apparent that human activities, causing a changing climate, have worsened the problem. The rapid development of China during the early stages of the 20th century saw substantial amounts of forests 3 for timber (木材) and agricultural land. Though this helped turn the country into economic prosperity, it left behind a serious environmental scar. To fight back, China has 4 planting trees as the primary solution to its desertification problem. Though some action was taken prior, 1978 was a definitive year that marked the beginning of the ‘Great Green Wall’. Known officially as the Three-North Shelterbelt Project, China has invested 5 — approximately 7129 million dollars — in planting millions of trees along the northern border to stop the intruding desert and its devastating impacts. The project is 6 to end in 2050, with the aim of increasing forest cover from 5% to 15%. The mass tree planting has had positive impacts regarding China’s carbon emissions. As the world’s largest emitter, China has an obligation to 7 its damaging practices and many officials believe that the afforestation it has undertaken is doing just that. The substantial increase in forest coverage is 8 as an effective “carbon sink”, whereby the area is absorbing more carbon than it emits. Increasing tree coverage also helps to stabilize water resources and provide local people with 9 available resources such as timber and other forest products (e. g., fruit). Overall, China’s ambitious undertaking of afforestation is a real-life case study that other countries can cite. The practicalities and timeframes all offer 10 information that can help other states or organizations achieve effective afforestation projects. Passage 2 （23-24高一下·上海闵行·期末）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．critics        B．experimented        C．supply        D．sufficient        E．feed        F．resolve G．hazardous        H．novel                I．processed        J．produced        K．extinct The population of the world is increasing rapidly. By 2030, there could be 8.0 billion people on earth. Will there be 1 food for all these people, or will we have a food shortage? Some scientists think fish farming could 2 this problem. However, other scientists worry that fish farming could cause serious environmental problems. Fish farming is not a 3 thing. There were fish farms in China 3, 000 years ago. Today, about one-third of the fish we eat comes from fish farms. Most fish farms raise plant-eating fish. Popular kinds of plant-eating fish are carp, tilapia, and catfish. Unfortunately, many fish farms are starting to raise meat-eating fish. A popular type of meat-eating fish is salmon. These meat-eating fish live on 4 food made from wild fish. However, it takes up to 5 tons of wild fish to produce just 1 ton of farm-raised salmon. The 5 of wild fish is already decreasing. Eventually, many types of wild fish could go 6 . What will we do then? 7 of fish farming also say that farm-raised fish is unhealthy for humans. They say the fish contains dangerous chemicals. They also blame the issue on fish farming because it pollutes the water. Another criticism is that farm-raised fish can spread diseases to wild fish. Some people say that the farming methods being used now hasn’t 8 enough fish anyway. Instead of putting fish farms in lakes or near the coast, they say that the fish farms should be moved far out into the ocean. Several countries have already 9 with deep-ocean farms. In the future, fish farms might be large cages that move across the ocean. Like most things, there is both a good and a bad side to fish farming. Fish farming may help to 10 millions of people. At the same time, however, fish farming may damage the environment. Passage 3 （23-24高一下·上海·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box.Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need. A．locals    B decrease    C． experienced    D．positive   E.popularity   F.efficiently G. focus    H. increase   I. respectful   J. protect     K.fiercely Eco-tourism involves people travelling to beautiful but environmental sensitive place. Such trips are usually carried out with a(n) 1 guide. Over recent years, this type of travel has been steadily gaining 2 as more people search for new travel experiences. It is obvious that eco-tourism is beneficial in many aspects. First, all the money spent by the tourists is used to 3 the important environmental spots they visit. Second,it helps visitors to better understand the environment, which is sure to 4 their knowledge of the world. Furthermore, this style of travel is also more 5 of the local culture. Compared to normal tourists, eco-tourist use energy more 6 , save water and produce less rubbish by finding ways to recycle it. These behaviors have a(n) 7 and lasting effect on the local environment. Two things are needed to make eco-tourism a success. First, it should be done in small groups. And second, because it requires great effort, both eco-tourists and 8 must be sincere in their devotion to improving the environment. Green travel provides local people with jobs in parks, hotels and shops. One great achievement of eco-tourism has been the 9 of illegal hunting. Former hunters can now work as guides to help keep the animals safe in their natural surroundings. Peru is one country using eco-tourism to promote respect for the environment. It's able to take better care of its rainforests because of 10 on more sustainable travel. In addition to this, local people's living-standards have improved. Many others are now following Peru's example and using eco-tourism to preserve their environment for the future generations. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题04 选词填空6大常考话题 话题1 生活与学习 话题4 历史、社会与文化 话题2 做人与做事 话题5 科学与技术 话题3 文学、艺术与体育 话题6 人与自然 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 话题1 生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·上海杨浦·期中）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is ONE WORD MORE than you need. A．reinterpreting    B．ingredients    C． favors    D．cuts     E. expectation    F. refreshing    G. embarrassing    H. fare    I. perception    J. serves    K. embracing Is British Food Still a Joke? British cuisine has long been stereotyped as bland, brown, and uninspiring. Dishes like fish pie, mushy peas, and summer pudding reinforce this 1 . British anthropologist Kate Fox attributes this reputation to historical factors, including Puritan self-denial, the Industrial Revolution’s separation of people from the land, and wartime rationing (定量配给). Unlike the French or Italians, the English have often viewed a deep passion for food as 2 . However, Britain's food culture has evolved. Immigration from former colonies in the mid-20th century introduced vibrant flavors, and in recent decades, London's restaurant scene has risen to a world-class level, offering everything from Thai soup to Nigerian barbecue. This has led to a renewed appreciation for traditional British 3 At the height of a globalized high-end food culture, which 4 small plates and intricate garnishes (装饰品), the stark plainness of British comfort food has begun to feel 5 . The viral fame of “Old Dry Keith” and Burberry’s partnership with Norman’s Café, which celebrates classic greasy spoon dishes, reflecting this growing fascination. This revival is also driven by a new generation of chefs 6 British cuisine. St. John, the London institution run by Fergus Henderson and known for its nose-to-tail cooking, celebrated its 30th anniversary last year. Younger chefs who have passed through its kitchen, as well as that of the similarly influential Rochelle Canteen, founded by Margot Henderson in 2004, are now opening their own restaurants. Margot recalls early criticism of their food for being too “brown” but he is now 7 the aesthetic, “We love brown. It's about letting it be.” She has become known for improving English classics like Lancashire hot pot and boiled ham with parsley sauce, arguing that while British food is gentle and simple, “simple is not easy.” “It’s the care for 8 that’s really coming into play now,” says Will Lewis, a chef who has worked at both St. John Bread and Wine and Rochelle Canteen. In 2020, he founded Willy’s Pies, seeking to revive the meat pie, a centuries-old staple that had been neglected in recent decades. “People have found short cuts and so everyone has the 9 that it should be cheaper rather than focusing on its quality,” he explains. He now sells pies with traditional fillings like chicken and beef, using prime 10 from grass-fed animals, as well as versions with less common stuffings, such as oxtail with oyster, a specialty of London’s historic pie and mash shops. 【答案】 1．I 2．G 3．H 4．C 5．F 6．A 7．K 8．B 9．E 10．D 【导语】这是一篇关于英国美食文化变迁的说明文，探讨了英国美食从传统印象中的单调乏味到现代多元化转变的过程，以及这一转变背后的原因和影响。 1．考查名词。句意：像鱼派、泥状豌豆和夏季布丁这样的菜肴强化了这种对英国美食的刻板印象。根据句意，需要填入一个名词，表示“刻板印象”的意思，指代的是上文的“stereotype”。故选I项。 2．考查形容词。句意：与法国人或意大利人不同，英国人常常认为对食物的深厚热情是令人尴尬的。根据句意，法国人和意大利人都对美食有极大的热情，但是英国人感觉这种热情太尴尬了。故选G项。 3．考查名词。句意：这导致了对传统英国菜肴的新欣赏。根据句意，表示“菜肴”的意思，需用名词，fare有“车费、饭菜”等意思，符合题意。故选H项。 4．考查动词。句意：在全球化的高端美食文化达到顶峰时，这种文化推崇小盘菜和复杂的装饰品，英国舒适食品的简单质朴开始显得令人耳目一新。根据句意，这里需要填入一个动词，表示“美食文化所推崇的是……”，可以使用favor，它做动词是“更倾向于……”的意思，符合题意。故选C项。 5．考查形容词。句意：在全球化的高端美食文化达到顶峰时，这种文化推崇小盘菜和复杂的装饰品，英国舒适食品的简单质朴开始显得令人耳目一新。根据句意，这里应该填入一个形容词，表示全球美食文化都越来越复杂，但是英国的简洁性让人感觉耳目一新。故选F项。 6．考查动词。句意：这一复兴还受到新一代厨师的推动，他们重新诠释了英国美食。根据句意及本段中心思想，这里需要一个动词，表示一批英国厨师开始重新诠释英国的美食文化。故选A项。 7．考查动词。句意：玛戈特回忆起他们的食物早期因过于“棕色”而受到批评，但他现在支持这种美学，“我们喜欢棕色。让它自然就好。”根据句意，这里需要一个动词，表示他现在认同这种食品的美学，embrace有“拥抱、接受”的意思，符合题意。故选K项。 8．考查名词。句意：现在真正发挥作用的是对食材的关心。根据下文“seeking to revive the meat pie”可推断，现在的英国厨师开始关注食谱里的食材了，ingredient意思是“材料”，在这里就是食材的意思。故选B项。 9．考查名词。句意：人们发现了捷径，因此每个人都期望它应该更便宜，而不是专注于它的质量。根据句意，这里需要一个名词，表示人们对食物的期待，后面的that是一个同位语从句，解释“期待”的内容。故选E项。 10．考查名词。句意：他现在出售传统的馅饼，如鸡肉和牛肉馅饼，使用来自草食动物的优质肉类，以及一些不太常见的馅料版本，如牛尾配牡蛎，这是伦敦传统馅饼和马什店的特色。根据句意，表示“肉类”的意思，cut作名词表示“切下来的肉”，符合题意。故选D项。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·上海·月考）选词填空 A．interest    B．desire    C． respond    D．joy E. displeasure    F. opposite    G. known    H. challenge I. eventually    J. continued    K. importantly I became a gardener when I was twelve. My early intention of gardening may not have originated from my love for nature. It was to 1 my parents. At that time, we had a big yard in which a beautiful maple tree stood. But my mother often looked with doubt at this work of natural art. Those golden leaves seemed like tons of rubbish to her, “something else to clean up!” Seeing the neighbors busy with gardening, my father even thought it a waste of time. At that age, I always did something 2 to whatever my parents did! If gardening were something they found upsetting, I would plant a garden! I planted some lily seeds in the yard. But they failed to come up. I continued to plant sunflower seeds and roses. Wild with 3 I found the first rose bloom (开花). One by one, the flowers bloomed their heads off. I was touched 4 by this land of wonder. However, my parents showed no 5 in my garden. My father even shouted at me because he found it was troublesome to move around my garden to the driveway. To my mother’s 6 , I put in her vase my real roses which, in her eyes, were simply weeds rather than flowers. Regardless of their dislike, I kept on planting my garden and 7 to enjoy the pleasure of gardening. Plants make such good companions: they breathe, they bloom, they 8 to care and love. It has been many years since I made my first garden out of my 9 to annoy my parents. Today I become 10 as Mrs. Green thumbs, teaching gardening and hosting a gardening show, which makes my parents feel very proud. And now I could say it is my affection for nature that makes me a real gardener. 【答案】 1．H 2．F 3．D 4．I 5．A 6．E 7．J 8．C 9．B 10．G 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者小时候为了和父母作对，于是从事园艺，结果作者最终爱上了这项事业。 1．考查动词。句意：这是为了挑战我的父母。根据下文“If gardening were something they found upsetting, I would plant a garden!(如果他们觉得园艺是一件令人心烦的事情，我会种植一个花园！)”、“It has been many years since I made my first garden out of my ____ to annoy my parents.”以及句意“挑战”可知应填动词challenge，此处为不定式作表语。故选H。 2．考查形容词。句意：在那个年龄，我总是做一些与父母相反的事情！根据下文“If gardening were something they found upsetting, I would plant a garden!(如果他们觉得园艺是一件令人心烦的事情，我会种植一个花园！)”以及句意“相反的”可知应填形容词opposite，修饰something。故选F。 3．考查名词。句意：我欣喜若狂地发现了第一朵盛开的玫瑰。根据空后“I found the first rose bloom”以及句意“欣喜”可知应填名词joy，作宾语。故选D。 4．考查副词。句意：我最终被这片神奇的土地所感动。根据上文“One by one, the flowers bloomed their heads off. I was touched”以及句意“最终”可知应填副词eventually，修饰touched。故选I。 5．考查名词。句意：然而，我的父母对我的花园不感兴趣。根据下文“My father even shouted at me because he found it was troublesome to move around my garden to the driveway.(我父亲甚至对我大喊大叫，因为他发现从我的花园走到车道上很麻烦)”以及句意“兴趣”可知应填interest，show no interest in...表示“对……不感兴趣”。故选A。 6．考查名词。句意：令我母亲不高兴的是，我把真正的玫瑰放进了她的花瓶里，在她眼里，这些玫瑰只不过是杂草而不是花。根据下文“in her eyes, were simply weeds rather than flowers”以及句意“不高兴”可知应填名词displeasure，作宾语，to one’s displeasure表示“令某人不高兴的是”。故选E。 7．考查动词。句意：不管他们的不喜欢，我继续种植我的花园，继续享受园艺的乐趣。根据空后“to enjoy the pleasure of gardening”以及句意“继续”可知应填动词continue，根据kept可知为一般过去时。故选J。 8．考查动词。句意：植物是如此好的伙伴：它们呼吸，它们开花，它们对关心和爱做出回应。根据空后“to care and love”以及句意“回应”可知应填动词respond，根据上文they breathe, they bloom可知为一般现在时，主语为they，谓语用原形。故选C。 9．考查名词。句意：自从我出于惹父母生气的愿望而开辟了我的第一个花园以来，已经过去很多年了。根据空后“to annoy my parents”以及句意“渴望”可知应填名词desire，作宾语，out of one’s desire表示“出于某人的愿望”。故选B。 10．考查形容词。句意：今天，我成为了大家熟知的园艺老师，教园艺并主持园艺表演，这让我的父母感到非常自豪。根据下文“teaching gardening and hosting a gardening show”以及句意“熟知的”可知应填形容词known，作表语，become known as...表示“变得作为……而闻名”。故选G。 Passage 3 （23-24高一下·上海·期中）Directions: Complete the following paragraphs by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．reveal B．means C． identify D．confirmed  E. highlighted  F. value G. return  H. appearance I. conditions  J. trained  K. discriminate Face shape lets AI spot rare disorders People with genetic syndromes sometimes have telltale (泄露秘密的) facial features, but using them to make a quick and cheap diagnosis can be tricky given there are hundreds of possible 1 they may have. A new neural network that analyses photographs of faces can help doctors narrow down the possibilities. Yaron Gurovich at biotechnology firm FDNA in Boston and his team built a neural network to look at the gestalt — or overall impression — of faces and 2 a list of the 10 genetic syndromes a person is most likely to have. They 3 the neural network, called DeepGestalt, on 17,000 images correctly labelled to match more than 200 genetic syndromes (综合症). The team then asked the AI to 4 potential genetic disorders from a further 502 photos of people with such conditions. It included the correct answer among its list of 10 responses 91 per cent of the time. Gurovich and his team also tested the neural network’s ability to distinguish between the different genetic mutations (变异) that can lead to the same syndrome. They used photographs of people with Noonan syndrome, which can result from mutations in any one of five genes. DeepGestalt correctly identified the genetic source of the physical 5 64 per cent of the time. It’s clearly not perfect, but it’s still much better than humans are at trying to do this. As the system makes its assessments, the facial regions that were most helpful in the determination are 6 and made available for doctors to view. This helps them to understand the relationships between genetic make-up and physical appearance. The fact that the diagnosis is based on a simple photograph raises questions about privacy. If faces can 7 details about genetics, then employers and insurance providers could, in principle, secretly use such techniques to 8 against people who have a high probability of having certain disorders. However, Gurovich says the tool will only be available for use by clinicians. This technique could bring significant benefits for those who have genetic syndromes. The real value here is that for some of these ultra-rare diseases, the process of diagnosis can be many, many years. This kind of technology can help narrow down the search space and then be 9 through checking genetic markers. For some diseases, it will cut down the time to diagnosis dramatically. For others, it could perhaps add 10 of finding other people with the disease and, in turn, help find new treatments or cures. 【答案】 1．I 2．G 3．J 4．C 5．H 6．E 7．A 8．K 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种利用面部特征让人工智能发现罕见疾病的方法。 1．考查名词。句意：患有遗传综合征的人有时会有明显的面部特征，但考虑到他们可能患有数百种可能的疾病，使用它们进行快速廉价的诊断可能会很棘手。根据句意可知，人们可能患有数百种可能的疾病，“condition”意为“疾病”，为可数名词，“hundreds of”后接可数名词复数“conditions”。故选I。 2．考查动词。句意：波士顿生物技术公司FDNA的雅伦·古罗维奇和他的团队建立了一个神经网络，用于观察面部的完形或整体印象，并返回一个人最有可能患有的10种遗传综合征的列表。根据句意可知，神经网络通过观察面部的完形或整体印象，可以返回一个人最有可能患有的10种遗传综合征的列表，“return”意为“返回”，动词词性，符合语境。故选G。 3．考查动词。句意：他们在17000张正确标记的图像上训练了名为DeepGestalt的神经网络，以匹配200多种遗传综合征。根据句意可知，神经网络要通过训练才能实现匹配200多种遗传综合征的能力，“train”意为“训练”，动词词性，句中陈述的动作发生在过去，故应用过去式“trained”。故选J。 4．考查动词。句意：然后，该团队要求人工智能从另外502张患有这种疾病的人的照片中识别出潜在的遗传疾病。根据句意可知，通过训练，要求人工智能从患有这种疾病的人的照片中识别出潜在的遗传疾病，“identify”意为“识别”，动词词性，不定式符号“to”后接动词原形。故选C。 5．考查名词。句意：DeepGestalt在64%的情况下正确识别了外貌的遗传来源。根据句意可知，人工智能通过面部特征识别疾病，由此可知，句中指正确识别了外貌的遗传来源，“appearance”意为“外貌”，为不可数名词，符合语境。故选H。 6．考查动词。句意：当系统进行评估时，对确定最有帮助的面部区域会被突出显示，并可供医生查看。根据句意可知，最有帮助的面部区域应该被突出显示，“highlight”意为“突出”，动词词性，“facial regions”和“highlight”为被动关系，故应用“highlight”的过去分词“highlighted”。故选E。 7．考查动词。句意：如果人脸可以揭示遗传的细节，那么雇主和保险公司原则上可以秘密使用这些技术来歧视那些极有可能患有某些疾病的人。根据句意可知，文章讲述的是通过面部特征识别疾病，由此可知，句中指人脸可以揭示遗传的细节，“reveal”意为“揭示”，动词词性，情态“can”后接动词原形。故选A。 8．考查动词。句意：如果人脸可以揭示遗传的细节，那么雇主和保险公司原则上可以秘密使用这些技术来歧视那些极有可能患有某些疾病的人。根据句意可知，雇主和保险公司不会选择有遗传疾病风险的人，由此可知，他们会用这些技术来歧视那些人，“discriminate”意为“歧视”，动词词性，不定式符号“to”后接动词原形。故选K。 9．考查动词。句意：这种技术可以帮助缩小搜索空间，然后通过检查遗传标记进行确认。根据句意可知，句中指通过这种技术确认罕见遗传疾病，“confirm”意为“确认”，动词词性，句子为被动语态，故应用“confirm”的过去分词“confirmed”。故选D。 10．考查名词。句意：对于其他人来说，它可能会增加寻找其他患有这种疾病的人的方法，从而帮助找到新的治疗方法或治愈方法。根据句意可知，句中指通过这种技术能增加寻找患有这种疾病的人的方法，“means”意为“方法”，名词词性，符合语境。故选B。 话题2 做人与做事 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·上海闵行·期中）Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need. A．celebrates           B．contribute           C． challenges           D．enthusiastic E. fulfilling          F. large-scale       G. measures         H. flexible         I. passions J. eventually          K. structures Full steam ahead In an exhibition at the National Railway Museum in York, England, Lin Qi is featured as one of the “railway heroes” who helped key workers move around the country during the lockdown. Qi is part of a team working on HS2, a new high-speed railway that will 1 connect some of the UK’s biggest cities using trains that can travel up to 224 miles per hour. “The most rewarding thing about construction for me is getting to see a design on paper become a(n)physical project,” says Qi. With HS2, she also enjoys working on a project that is bringing new opportunities and creating new jobs. Seeing something go from an idea to a visible part of the world is something she finds incredibly 2 . Qi studied architecture at university before taking a job with an engineering company. Architecture involves designing buildings and structures, but Qi discovered that her true passion was in engineering, where she could work on 3 projects like railways. In her job, she feels 4 about connecting people, and she believes that trains and railways are a vital part of that connection. Engineering is all about using science and math to build machines and other 5 , such as bridges, buildings, and railways. “It’s a sector still dominated by males, but this is changing fast,” says Qi. On June 23, International Women in Engineering Day 6 the work women are doing on big projects such as HS2. This year’s theme is “engineering heroes”, recognizing the contributions of women in this field. For anyone wanting to follow a similar career, Qi advises, “Have a goal in mind but be open-minded and 7 ” She says that five years ago, she wouldn’t have imagined that she would be working in this sort of job. However, she emphasizes that there is a lot of opportunity in engineering, not just for women but for everyone. She looks forward to new 8 and the chance to make a difference. Lin Qi’s story is an inspiring example of how following your 9 and being open to new opportunities can lead to a rewarding and impactful career. Whether you’ re interested in architecture, engineering, or another field, there are always ways to 10 to important projects and help connect people and communities. 【答案】 1．J 2．E 3．F 4．D 5．K 6．A 7．H 8．C 9．I 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了在英国工作的林琪作为 “铁路英雄” 在 HS2 高铁项目中的工作经历，以及她对工程领域的看法和对想从事类似职业的人的建议。 1．考查副词。句意：齐是 HS2 项目团队的一员，HS2 是一条新的高速铁路，它将最终连接英国一些最大的城市，使用的列车时速可达 224 英里。分析句子结构，句子主谓宾结构完整，此处需要一个副词作状语来修饰动词 connect，eventually 意为“最终”，符合语境。故填J。 2．考查形容词。句意：看到一些东西从一个想法变成世界上可见的一部分，她觉得这是非常有成就感的。find sth. + adj. 是固定结构，此处需要一个形容词作宾补，根据“Seeing something go from an idea to a visible part of the world”可知，fulfilling 意为“令人有成就感的”，符合语境。故填E。 3．考查形容词。句意：建筑涉及设计建筑物和结构，但齐发现她真正的热情在于工程，在那里她可以从事像铁路这样的大型项目。此处需要一个形容词作定语来修饰名词 projects，根据“projects like railways.”可知，large - scale 意为“大规模的”，符合语境。故填F。 4．考查形容词。句意：在她的工作中，她对联系人们充满热情，她相信火车和铁路是这种连接的重要组成部分。feel 是系动词，后面接形容词作表语，enthusiastic 意为 “热情的”符合语境，be enthusiastic about 是固定短语，意为 “对…… 充满热情”。故填D。 5．考查名词。句意：工程学就是利用科学和数学来制造机器和其他结构，如桥梁、建筑物和铁路。根据“such as bridges, buildings, and railways” 可知，此处指的是各种结构，structures 意为 “结构”作宾语，符合语境。故填K。 6．考查动词。句意：6 月 23 日，国际女工程师日庆祝女性在 HS2 等大型项目中所做的工作。分析句子结构，句子缺少谓语动词，根据“International Women in Engineering Day”可知，celebrates 意为 “庆祝”，符合语境。故填A。 7．考查形容词。句意：心中要有目标，但要思想开放、灵活。此处需要一个形容词与 open - minded 并列作表语，flexible 意为 “灵活的”作表语，符合语境。故填H。 8．考查名词。句意：她期待着新的挑战和有所作为的机会。根据“the chance to make a difference” 可知，此处指的是新的挑战，challenges 意为 “挑战”作宾语，符合语境。故填C。 9．考查名词。句意：林琪的故事是一个鼓舞人心的例子，说明追随自己的激情并对新的机会持开放态度如何能带来一份有意义和有影响力的职业。根据“being open to new opportunities can lead to a rewarding and impactful career.”可知，follow one's passions 是固定短语，意为 “追随某人的激情”，passions 意为 “激情”名词作宾语，符合语境。故填I。 10．考查动词。句意：无论你对建筑、工程还是其他领域感兴趣，总有办法为重要项目做出贡献，帮助连接人们和社区。根据“help connect people and communities.”可知，contribute to 是固定短语，意为 “为…… 做贡献”to后接动词原形，符合语境。故填B。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·上海静安·期中）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．exploit B．presenting C． seeking D．assess E. access F. accuracy G. sources H. perspectives I. personally J. crucial  K. objectively In the digital age, where information floods every corner of our lives, the role of journalists has become more 1 than ever. As the gatekeepers of information, they are responsible for sorting through the vast sea of data and 2 the public with accurate and reliable news. In the past, journalists relied mainly on traditional 3 such as interviews, official documents, and on-site investigations. These methods provided a relatively stable and trustworthy foundation for news reporting. However, the digital revolution has changed the game. Today, they have 4 to a vast amount of information online. Social media platforms, for instance, have become important channels for news gathering. But this new-found abundance of information comes with a price. The information on these platforms is often unfiltered, and its 5 cannot be guaranteed. Journalists need to be more cautious and take extra steps to 6 the authenticity (真实性) of the information they obtain. One of the challenges journalists face is the issue of instant news. In the digital age, the pressure to break news first is intense. This has led to a situation where false information can spread quickly. Some people may 7 the loopholes (漏洞) in information verification systems to achieve certain goals, which can mislead the public. Journalists must adhere to (遵循) high ethical standards and report the news 8 . They should present different 9 on an issue to give the audience a comprehensive understanding. Another aspect is the need to make news more accessible to the public. With the increasing competition in the media industry, journalists need to use multimedia elements to present news in a more interesting and engaging way. However, journalists should not sacrifice the quality of the news. They still need to focus on providing in-depth and accurate reports instead of 10 superficial attention-grabbing tactics. 【答案】 1．J 2．B 3．G 4．E 5．F 6．D 7．A 8．K 9．H 10．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了在数字时代，记者的角色变得更加关键，他们在筛选信息、保证新闻准确性和客观性等方面面临着新的挑战和要求，同时还需要让新闻更易被公众获取。 1．考查形容词。句意：在数字时代，信息充斥着我们生活的每个角落，记者的角色变得比以往任何时候都更加重要。“become” 是系动词，后面接形容词作表语，根据“where information floods every corner of our lives”可知，这里表示记者的角色很重要，“crucial”符合语境，故填J。 2．考查动词。句意：作为信息的把关人，他们负责从海量的数据中进行筛选，并向公众呈现准确可靠的新闻。根据“the public with accurate and reliable news.”可知，“present sb. with sth.” 是固定搭配，意为 “向某人呈现某物”符合语境，“and” 连接两个并列的动作，“sorting” 是动名词形式，所以 “present”也用动名词形式，故填B。 3．考查名词。句意：过去，记者主要依赖传统的信息来源，如采访、官方文件和现场调查。根据 “such as interviews, official documents, and on - site investigations”可知，这些都是信息的来源，“sources” ，作宾语。符合语境。故填G。 4．考查名词。句意：如今，他们可以在网上获取大量信息。根据“vast amount of information online”可知，“have access to” 是固定短语，意为“可以使用，有权访问”，符合语境。故填E。 5．考查名词。句意：这些平台上的信息往往未经筛选，其准确性无法得到保证。根据 “unfiltered”和 “cannot be guaranteed”可知，这里说的是信息的准确性，“accuracy” 符合语境，做主语。故填F。 6．考查动词。句意：记者需要更加谨慎，并采取额外的措施来评估他们所获得信息的真实性。根据“Journalists need to be more cautious ”，可知，记者要对信息的真实性进行评估，“assess”符合语境，“to” 后面接动词原形。故填D。 7．考查动词。句意：一些人可能会利用信息核实系统中的漏洞来达到某些目的，这会误导公众。根据 “the loopholes in information verification systems to achieve certain goals” 可知，这里是说利用漏洞，“exploit”符合语境，“may”是情态动词，后面接动词原形。故填A。 8．考查副词。句意：记者必须坚持高道德标准，客观地报道新闻。根据“adhere to (遵循) high ethical standards”可知，是客观地报道，“objectively” 符合语境，副词修饰动词 “report”。表故填K。 9．考查名词。句意：他们应该呈现一个问题的不同观点，让观众有全面的理解。根据“give the audience a comprehensive understanding”可知，要呈现不同的观点，“perspectives” 符合语境，作宾语。故填H。 10．考查动词。句意：然而，记者不应该牺牲新闻的质量。他们仍然需要专注于提供深入和准确的报道，而不是寻求肤浅的吸引注意力的策略。根据“superficial attention-grabbing tactics.”可知，这里表示不应该寻求那种不好的策略，“seek” 符合语境，“instead of” 后面接动名词形式，故填C。 Passage 3 （23-24高一下·上海·期中）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．challenging  B．costly  C． exclusion  D．guaranteed  E. necessarily  F. performed G. scale  H. similarly  I. suffering  J. tracked  K. vain Is more happiness always better than less? The researchers asked college students to rate their feelings on a 1 from “unhappy” to “very happy” and compared the results with academic and social outcomes. Though the “very happy” participants had the best social lives, they 2 worse in school than those who were merely “happy”. The researchers then examined a data set from another study that rated college freshman’s “cheerfulness” and 3 their income nearly two decades later. They found that the most cheerful were not the highest earners. That distinction once again went to the second-highest group, which rated their cheerfulness as “above average”. As with everything in life, happiness has its trade-offs. Pursuing happiness to the 4 of other goals — known as psychological hedonism (享乐主义) — not only is in 5 , but may also give you a life where you do not reach your full , potential, where you are unwilling to take risks, where you choose temporary pleasures over 6 experiences that give life meaning. The way to understand the study above is not to deny that happiness is good; rather, it is to remember that a little bit of unhappiness has benefits. When I talk with people about their fear of negative outcomes in life, their true source of fear, in many cases, centers on how they will feel about having failed, not about the consequences of failure itself. This is similar to the way discomfort with uncertainty causes more anxiety than 7 bad news. To avoid these bad feelings, people give up all kinds of opportunities that involve the possibility of failure. However, bringing good things into your life, whether love or career success, usually involves risk. Risk does not, of course, 8 make us happy. A risky life will very likely bring disappointment, but it can bring greater rewards than a life played safe, as the studies suggested. None of this is to say that we are foolish for wanting to be happy. On the contrary, the desire for happiness is natural and normal. However, making the quest for positive feelings your highest or only goal is a 9 life strategy. Endless happiness is impossible to achieve, and doing so sacrifices many of the elements of a good life. As the Canadian-American psychologist Paul Bloom wrote, “It’s the 10 we choose that affords the most opportunity for pleasure, meaning, and personal growth.” 【答案】 1．G 2．F 3．J 4．C 5．K 6．A 7．D 8．E 9．B 10．I 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了幸福多总是比幸福少的问题，解释了相关的研究，指出只追求幸福而不追求其他目标——即所谓的心理享乐主义——不仅是徒劳的，而且可能会让你的生活无法充分发挥你的潜力，你不愿冒险，你选择暂时的快乐而不是赋予生活意义的挑战经历。 1．考查名词。句意：研究人员要求大学生在 “不快乐”到 “非常快乐” 的范围内对他们的感受进行评分并将结果与学业和社交结果进行比较。由空前on a可知设空处填名词单数形式作宾语，根据“from “unhappy” to “very happy””可知，名词scale“范围，程度”符合句意。故选G。 2．考查动词。句意：尽管“非常快乐”的参与者拥有最好的社交生活，但他们在学校的表现却不如那些仅仅“快乐”的人。设空处作谓语，根据“worse in school”以及句意“表现”可知应填动词perform，根据上文had可知此句为一般过去时，设空处填动词过去式performed。故选F。 3．考查动词。句意：然后，研究人员检查了另一项研究中的数据集，该研究对大学新生的“快乐程度”进行了评级，并追踪了他们近20年后的收入。根据“their income nearly two decades later”以及句意“追踪”可知应填动词track，设空处与rated并列，在从句中作谓语，根据上文rated可知为一般过去时，设空处填动词过去式tracked。故选J。 4．考查名词。句意：只追求幸福而不追求其他目标——即所谓的心理享乐主义——不仅是徒劳的，而且可能会让你的生活无法充分发挥你的潜力，你不愿冒险，你选择暂时的快乐而不是赋予生活意义的挑战经历。根据“known as psychological hedonism”以及句意“排除”可知应填名词exclusion“排斥；排除在外”，不可数名词，作介词to宾语，to the exclusion of意为“把……排除在外”。故选C。 5．考查固定短语。句意：只追求幸福而不追求其他目标——即所谓的心理享乐主义——不仅是徒劳的，而且可能会让你的生活无法充分发挥你的潜力，你不愿冒险，你选择暂时的快乐而不是赋予生活意义的挑战经历。根据“but may also give you a life where you do not reach your full”以及句意“徒劳的”可知短语为in vain，故选K。 6．考查形容词。句意：只追求幸福而不追求其他目标——即所谓的心理享乐主义——不仅是徒劳的，而且可能会让你的生活无法充分发挥你的潜力，你不愿冒险，你选择暂时的快乐而不是赋予生活意义的挑战经历。根据“where you choose temporary pleasures over”以及句意“挑战”可知应填形容词challenging，作定语修饰名词experiences。故选A。 7．考查形容词。句意：这类似于对不确定性的不安会导致比肯定的坏消息更多的焦虑。根据“This is similar to the way discomfort with uncertainty causes more anxiety than”以及句意“肯定的”可知应填形容词guaranteed，修饰名词news作定语。故选D。 8．考查副词。句意：当然，冒险不一定会让我们快乐。根据“However, bringing good things into your life, whether love or career success, usually involves risk.(然而，把美好的事物带入你的生活，无论是爱情还是事业上的成功，通常都是有风险的)”以及句意“一定”可知应填副词necessarily，修饰动词make。故选E。 9．考查形容词。句意：然而，把追求积极的感觉作为你最高或唯一的目标是一种代价高昂的生活策略。根据“Endless happiness is impossible to achieve, and doing so sacrifices many of the elements of a good life.(无尽的幸福是不可能实现的，这样做会牺牲许多美好生活的元素)”以及句意“高昂的”可知应填形容词costly作定语，故选B。 10．考查名词。句意：正如加拿大裔美国心理学家保罗·布鲁姆所写的那样，“我们选择的苦难为我们提供了获得快乐、意义和个人成长的最多机会。”根据“Endless happiness is impossible to achieve, and doing so sacrifices many of the elements of a good life.(无尽的幸福是不可能实现的，这样做会牺牲许多美好生活的元素)”以及句意“苦难”可知应填名词suffering，作主语，故选I。 话题3 文学、艺术与体育 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·上海浦东新·期中）Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．blanket  B．craftsmanship  C． delicately  D．integrating  E. medium F. mirrors  G. nestled  H. sheltering  I. snaking  J. spark  K. typically Enshi, a beautiful city in Hubei Province, is renowned for its stunning natural scenery and rich cultural heritage. Enshi is blessed with a pleasant climate throughout the year, 1 in the mountains. Lush forests 2 the area, and the air is refreshing establishing it as a natural oxygen bar. The famous Qingjiang River winds through the city, 3 like a blue ribbon. Along the river, there are countless peculiarly-shaped peaks and magnificent gorges, such as the Qingjiang Gallery, which attracts numerous tourists with its breathtaking views. Enshi serves as a homeland for diverse ethnic minorities, with the Tujia and Miao ethnic groups being the most prominent. The Tujia people have a long-standing history and a rich tapestry of traditions. Their distinctive dance, the “Hand-waving Dance”, is full of vitality and 4 their enthusiasm for life. Their architectural style, represented by the stilt-houses, known as “Diaojiaolou”, is not only practical but also aesthetically pleasing, 5 harmoniously with the natural environment. These houses are 6 built on slopes or near water. Supported by wooden stilts, the lower part of the house is left open, which can be used for storing tools or 7 livestock, while the upper part provides living quarters. The exteriors are adorned with delicate carvings of flowers, birds, and mythical creatures, showcasing the Tujia people’s superb 8 . The Miao ethnic group in Enshi also has its own unique charm. Their traditional festivals, such as the Sisters’ Meal Festival, are full of joy and festivity. During this festival, young Miao girls prepare colorful “sisters’ meals”, which are not only delicious but also carry symbolic meanings. Boys and girls use these meals as a(n) 9 to express their affection for each other. The Miao people are also well-known for their intricate silver jewelry. Necklaces, bracelets, earrings and 10 designed silver headdresses, are not only decorative but also hold cultural significance, representing wealth, status, and protection in Miao society. With its beautiful scenery, rich culture, and delicious food, Enshi is truly a shining gem in western Hubei, eagerly awaiting more people to discover and explore. 【答案】 1．G 2．A 3．I 4．F 5．D 6．K 7．H 8．B 9．E 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了湖北城市恩施。 1．考查过去分词。句意：恩施全年气候宜人，坐落在群山之中。文章开篇描述恩施是一座美丽的城市且气候宜人，后面提到“in the mountains”，结合语境可知这里要表达恩施处于群山环抱之中的状态。nestled是nestle(使坐落于)的过去分词形式，作后置定语修饰Enshi，“nestled in the mountains”形象地描绘出恩施“坐落在群山之中”的情景。故选项G。 2．考查动词。句意：茂密的森林覆盖着这个地区，空气清新，使其成为一个天然的氧吧。前文提到恩施气候宜人，这里描述其周边环境，“Lush forests”与后面说的“the air is refreshing establishing it as a natural oxygen bar”存在关联，茂密的森林覆盖整个区域，使得空气清新，形成天然氧吧。动词blanket有“覆盖”的意思，作谓语，符合森林对该地区的作用描述。故选项A。 3．考查现在分词。句意：著名的清江蜿蜒穿过城市，像一条蓝色的丝带。前面提到“the famous Qingjiang River winds through the city”，强调清江蜿蜒穿过城市，而“like a blue ribbon”进一步形象地说明清江的形态。snaking是snake(蜿蜒前行)的现在分词形式，作伴随状语，生动地描绘出清江像丝带一样蜿蜒的状态。故选项I。 4．考查动词。句意：他们独特的舞蹈“摆手舞”充满活力，反映了他们对生活的热情。前文介绍土家族的“Hand waving Dance”充满活力，舞蹈是人们情感和生活态度的一种表达形式，那么这种舞蹈应该是反映了土家族人对生活的热情。mirrors作动词时有“反映”的意思，符合舞蹈与土家族人生活热情之间的逻辑关系。故选项F。 5．考查现在分词。句意：他们的建筑风格以“吊脚楼”为代表，不仅实用而且美观，与自然环境和谐地融为一体。前面描述土家族的“Diaojiaolou”(吊脚楼)不仅实用而且美观，接着提到与自然环境的关系，这种建筑风格应该是与自然环境相互融合的。integrating是integrate(使融合)的现在分词形式，作伴随状语，体现出吊脚楼与自然环境和谐融合的状态。故选项D。 6．考查副词。句意：这些房子通常建在山坡上或水边。文章在介绍吊脚楼的建造位置时，需要一个词来表明这种建造位置的常见性。typically是副词，意为“通常”，能准确说明吊脚楼建在山坡上或水边这一普遍情况。故选项K。 7．考查动词。句意：在木桩的支撑下，房屋的下部是开放的，可以用来存放工具或庇护牲畜，而上部则提供生活区。前面提到吊脚楼下部敞开，“used for storing tools”说明其用途之一是存放工具，后面用“or”连接，推测也是说其用途，结合“livestock”(牲畜)可知，这里是说可以用来圈养牲畜。sheltering有“庇护、保护”的意思，符合语境。故选项H。 8．考查名词。句意：外部装饰着精美的花卉、鸟类和神话生物雕刻，展示了土家族人高超的技艺。前文描述吊脚楼的外部装饰着精美的花卉、鸟类和神话生物雕刻，这些精美的雕刻体现了建造者的技艺水平。craftsmanship是名词，意为“技艺”，能够准确概括这些雕刻所展示出的土家族人的高超技艺。故选项B。 9．考查名词。句意：男孩和女孩用这些食物作为表达他们对彼此感情的媒介。男孩和女孩用这些饭作为一种媒介来表达彼此的感情。前面提到苗族的“ Sisters’ Meal Festival”(姊妹饭节)，年轻女孩准备“sisters’ meals”，后面说男孩和女孩通过这些饭来表达彼此的感情，说明这些饭起到了一种传递情感的媒介作用。medium作名词有“媒介”的意思，符合语境。故选项E。 10．考查副词。句意：项链、手镯、耳环和精心设计的银头饰，不仅具有装饰性，而且具有文化意义，在苗族社会中代表着财富、地位和保护。前文提到苗族以其精美的银饰闻名，“Necklaces, bracelets, earrings”以及银头饰都是苗族银饰的代表，描述银头饰时，需要一个词来强调其设计的精细程度。delicately是副词，意为“精致地，精心地”，能很好地修饰“designed”，体现出银头饰设计的精美。故选项C。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·上海·期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．audiences     B．common     C． living     D．experiencing     E. financial     F. impossible G. introducing     H. launch     I. released     J. saw     K. scenes Hit TV Drama ‘Blossoms’ Drives a New Craze in Shanghai Formerly known as a gastronomy paradise, Shanghai’s Huanghe Road used to be home to over 100 restaurants, many of which served high-end fare that only the rich and famous could afford. But everything started to change in the mid-1990s when a spate of changes sapped the lustre out of this bustling street. New safety regulations, for example, 1 the iconic neon signs that gave the street much of its character torn from the buildings. Fried snakes, a delicacy that many intrepid gourmands sought after, were also banned. The Asian 2 crisis in the late 1990s and the SARS pandemic in 2003 subsequently resulted in many restaurants closing down. But the area is now 3 a revival of sorts, with throngs of people armed with cameras flocking to it in search of nostalgia and historical clues. Wang Yongfen, who has been 4 in a shikumen lane house on Huanghe Road for the last 35 years, said she has never seen such crowds before. The reason behind this phenomenon is Blossoms Shanghai, a new television series by Hong Kong director Wong Kar-wai that was 5 on December 27, 2023. Adapted from Chinese writer Jin Yucheng’s award-winning novel Fan Hua (Blossoms), the TV series takes 6 back to 1990s Shanghai when the city was experiencing unprecedented economic growth and prosperity. “The TV series did a great job in portraying Shanghai in the 1990s. Although the names of the restaurants and shops in the drama were made up, the 7 got me reminiscing about the many old-school restaurants and bars here,” said the 60-year-old. “Restaurants here were the pioneers in 8 Hong Kong cuisine to the city. Many top chefs from Hong Kong used to work in the restaurants here,” recalled Wang. “Hong Kong dishes quickly became popular as pop songs and movies from Hong Kong were highly sought after here in the 1990s. It was 9 to see photos of restaurant owners posing with famous movie stars and singers from Hong Kong.” A security guard surnamed Zhang who works at an office building along the road told China Daily that the area has been overflowing with visitors since the 10 of the new show. 【答案】 1．J 2．E 3．D 4．C 5．I 6．A 7．K 8．G 9．B 10．H 【导语】本文是一篇文化新闻报道。主要介绍的是上海电视剧《繁花》的热播如何带动了黄河路地区的复兴，吸引了大量游客前来寻找怀旧与历史线索。 1．考查动词。句意：例如，新的安全法规见证这条街标志性的霓虹灯招牌被拆除，使街道失去了许多特色。此处为谓语动词，根据句意以及下文的“the iconic neon signs that gave the street much of its character torn from the buildings.”可知，此处表示“见证”为动词see，表示“见证”了街道上的一些变化，且描述的是过去发生的事情，所以使用一般过去时saw。故选J。 2．考查形容词。句意：20世纪90年代末的亚洲金融危机和2003年的非典疫情导致许多餐馆关闭。此处为形容词作定语修饰名词crisis，根据常识和“in the late 1990s”，此处表示“金融危机”，所以此处使用形容词financial。故选E。 3．考查动词。句意：但该地区现在正在经历某种复兴，大批手持相机的人涌入这里寻找怀旧和历史线索。根据空前is now可知，此处应为动词的适当形式，结合句意以及下文的“with throngs of people armed with cameras flocking to it in search of nostalgia and historical clues.”可知，大批手持相机的人涌入这里寻找怀旧和历史线索，因此该地区正在经历某种复兴，表示“经历”为experience符合语境，结合空前的时间状语now以及is可知，此处为现在分词构成进行时态。故选D。 4．考查动词。句意：王永芬（音译）已经在黄河路石库门弄堂里住了35年，她说以前从未见过这么多人。根据句子结构，此处需填一个与“in a shikumen lane house”搭配的动词，结合句意，此处表示表示“居住、生活”为live in，与主语为主动关系，结合空前的has been可知，该句使用现在完成进行时，动词应为现在分词形式living。故选C。 5．考查动词。句意：而让这里重新热闹起来的是王家卫（中国香港）导演的电视剧《繁花》，该剧于去年12月27日播出。此处为句子的谓语部分，根据句意和上文的“a new television series by Hong Kong director Wong Kar-wai”，此处表示“上映、发布”为动词release，符合语境，与主语之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式released与was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故选I。 6．考查名词。句意：《繁花》改编自中国作家金宇澄的同名获奖小说，将观众带回上世纪90年代的上海，展现了这座城市当时所经历的前所未有的经济增长和繁荣。根据句意和下文的“back to 1990s Shanghai”，此处表示“观众”为audience，指的是将“观众”带回上世纪90年代的上海，此处为复数形式表示泛指意义。故选A。 7．考查名词。句意：王永芬说：“电视剧《繁花》很好地刻画了上世纪90年代的上海。虽然剧中的餐馆和商店都是虚构的，但这些场景让我想起了这里许多老式餐馆和酒吧。”此处为名词作主语，根据句意和下文的“got me reminiscing about the many old-school restaurants and bars here”可知，此处电影的场景能让人们想起了这里许多老式餐馆和酒吧的事物，所以此处表示“场景”为scenes符合语境。故选K。 8．考查动词。句意：王永芬回忆道：“黄河路上的餐厅率先将香港美食引入上海。许多来自香港的顶级厨师都曾在这里的餐厅工作过。”根据句意以及上文的“Restaurants here were the pioneers”可知，这里的餐厅都是带头人，正是这些人把香港美食引入上海，由此可知，此处表示“引入、介绍”为动词introduce，符合语境位于介词之后，所以此处使用动名词形式作宾语。故选G。 9．考查形容词。句意：餐馆老板与香港著名影星和歌手合影的照片屡见不鲜。此处为形容词作表语，根据句意和上文的“Hong Kong dishes quickly became popular as pop songs and movies from Hong Kong were highly sought after here in the 1990s.”可知，香港流行歌曲和电影在上世纪90年代受到追捧，港式菜肴迅速走红，由此可知，与香港著名影星和歌手合影的照片屡见不鲜的，所以此处表示“常见的”为形容词common符合语境。故选B。 10．考查名词。句意：黄河路上一栋写字楼的保安张某告诉《中国日报》，自从电视剧《繁花》播出以来，这里就吸引了大批游客。根据句意和下文的“of the new show”可知，此处表示电视剧《繁花》“上映、推出”以来，符合语境，所以此处使用名词launch作宾语。故选H。 Passage 3 （23-24高一下·上海·期中）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．cracked B．court C． assured D．stressed E. harboring F. making G. roared H. groundbreaking I. ultimate J. sensation K. check “Queen Wen” Ready to Reign Zheng Qinwen has become the second Chinese to ever reach a major singles final after Li Na’s pioneering triumph at the Australian Open a decade ago. So close to the championship and so disappointed! Yet, it is with so much pride that we can reflect on the journey of a Grand Slam champion in the 1 . Despite her tough final loss to defending champion Aryna Sabalenka, the tennis 2 Zheng’s amazing run at the Australian Open has served up another major boost for the sport in China. An aggressive talent, 3 championship dreams since watching Li in 2014, Zheng was one step away from having her own name on the same trophy, as she started battle against the mighty Sabalenka on Saturday evening, 4 by an enthusiastic Chinese crowd at the Rod Laver Arena and the entire tennis community back home. Two sets and 76 minutes later, Zheng’s first Grand Slam final ended in an alert reality 5 that, the 21-year-old still has plenty of catching up to do before reaching the very top of the game, technically and mentally, even though she 6 the world top 10. It is a must because, if one loses, there must be a reason behind it. Zheng has to try to figure out why, and then she will come back stronger and better next time. Coming up just one step short of the 7 prize, Zheng held back tears at the award ceremony while gazing at the trophy when Sabalenka lifted it for a second time in a row. She 8 how much better she could have done during the postmatch interviews, even with media all greeting her with words of encouragement. Nothing seemed enough to satisfy the ambitious competitor, who’s already achieved many “firsts” for Chinese tennis over the past two weeks. With Zheng leading the way, China will have seven female players ranked within the top 100. This progress owes a lot to Li’s 9 career, which helped encourage Zheng’s generation to dream bigger. Witnessing the collective rise of the next generation, Li said she can rest 10 that the game’s future is in good hands. 【答案】 1．F 2．J 3．E 4．G 5．K 6．A 7．I 8．D 9．H 10．C 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了郑钦文在澳大利亚网球公开赛上表现出色，成为第二位进入大满贯单打决赛的中国选手。 1．考查名词。句意：然而，我们可以如此骄傲地反思一个大满贯冠军产生的历程。根据上文的“ Zheng Qinwen has become the second Chinese to ever reach a major singles final after Li Na’s pioneering triumph at the Australian Open a decade ago. So close to the championship and so disappointed!”可知，郑钦文成为继十年前李娜在澳大利亚网球公开赛上率先夺冠后，第二位进入单打决赛的中国人。如此接近冠军，如此令人失望！因此，在郑钦文不懈的努力下，可以预见未来她成为世界冠军的目标正在酝酿中，终会实现，则此处应填入名词making(制作)作宾语，in the making意为“在形成中，在酝酿中”，符合句意的需要，故选F。 2．考查名词。句意：尽管在澳网决赛中输给了卫冕冠军萨巴伦卡，但网球明星郑在澳网的惊人表现再次推动了中国网球运动的发展。根据上文的“Zheng Qinwen has become the second Chinese to ever reach a major singles final after Li Na’s pioneering triumph at the Australian Open a decade ago.”可知，郑钦文成为继十年前李娜在澳大利亚网球公开赛上率先夺冠后，第二位进入单打决赛的中国人，则此处应填入名词sensation(轰动一时的人或事)作主语，tennis sensation意为“网球明星”，符合句意的需要，故选J。 3．考查动词。句意：作为一个志在必得的天才，自2014年观看李娜的比赛以来，郑一直怀有冠军梦想。周六晚上，当她开始与强大的萨巴伦卡角逐冠军梦时，郑离自己的名字出现在同一个奖杯上只有一步之遥，罗德·拉沃尔球馆热情的中国观众和整个网球界都在大声欢呼。根据本句中的“An aggressive talent,...championship dreams ”可知，郑钦文怀着成为冠军的梦想，则此处应填入现在分词harboring(怀有)作状语，符合句意的需要，故选E。 4．考查动词。句意：作为一个志在必得的天才，自2014年观看李娜的比赛以来，郑一直怀有冠军梦想。周六晚上，当她开始与强大的萨巴伦卡角逐冠军梦时，郑离自己的名字出现在同一个奖杯上只有一步之遥，罗德·拉沃尔球馆热情的中国观众和整个网球界都在大声欢呼。根据本句中的“she started battle against the mighty Sabalenka on Saturday evening”可知，郑钦文开始与萨巴伦卡角逐冠军时，观众们会大声欢呼。此处应填入过去分词roared(吼叫，大声叫喊)作状语，符合句意的需要，故选G。 5．考查名词。句意：两局76分钟后，郑的第一次大满贯决赛提醒她认清现实：尽管她已经进入了世界前十，但在技术和精神上，这位21岁的球员在达到比赛的顶峰之前还有很多需要追赶的地方。根据本句中的“the 21-year-old still has plenty of catching up to do before reaching the very top of the game, technically and mentally, even though she...the world top 10”可知，郑钦文虽然很优秀，但是距离夺得世界冠军还有距离，因此比赛的结局提醒她认清了现实，还要继续努力，则此处应填入名词check(检查)作宾语，reality check意为“认清现实”，符合句意的需要，故选K。 6．考查动词。句意：两局76分钟后，郑的第一次大满贯决赛提醒她认清现实：尽管她已经进入了世界前十，但在技术和精神上，这位21岁的球员在达到比赛的顶峰之前还有很多需要追赶的地方。根据上文的“Zheng was one step away from having her own name on the same trophy”可知，郑钦文离自己的名字出现在冠军位置只有一步之遥，说明她已经跻身于世界优秀运动员之列，则此处应填入动词cracked(力图进入)作谓语，crack the world top 10意为“跻身世界前10名”，符合句意的需要，故选A。 7．考查形容词。句意：在距离最终奖项仅一步之遥的颁奖典礼上，当萨巴伦卡连续第二次举起奖杯时，郑在凝视着奖杯时忍住了眼泪。根据上文的“Zheng was one step away from having her own name on the same trophy”可知，郑钦文离自己的名字出现在最后获奖位置只有一步之遥，则此处应填入形容词 ultimate(最终的)作定语，符合句意的需要，故选I。 8．考查动词。句意：在赛后的采访中，即使媒体都用鼓励的话语问候她，但她依然强调自己本可以做得更好。根据下文的“Nothing seemed enough to satisfy the ambitious competitor, who’s already achieved many “firsts” for Chinese tennis over the past two weeks.”可知，似乎没有什么足以满足这位雄心勃勃的运动员，在过去的两周里，他已经为中国网球创造了许多“第一”，因此在赛后的采访中，郑钦文强调自己本可以做得更好，则此处应填入动词stressed(强调)作谓语，符合句意的需要，故选D。 9．考查形容词。句意：这一进步在很大程度上要归功于李的开创性职业生涯，他鼓励郑这一代人有更大的梦想。根据本句中的“which helped encourage Zheng’s generation to dream bigger.”可知，李娜在网球的职业生涯中鼓励了郑这一代人去追求梦想，说明李娜取得的成就具有开创性，则此处应填入形容词 groundbreaking (开创性的)作定语，符合句意的需要，故选H。 10．考查形容词。句意：目睹下一代的集体崛起，李说她确信无疑，这项运动的未来会得到很好的关注。根据本句中的“Witnessing the collective rise of the next generation”可知，李娜目睹了下一代的集体崛起，因此她确信无疑网球这项运动的未来会得到很好的发展，则此处应填入形容词 assured(有把握的)作表语，rest assured 意为“确信无疑”是系表结构，符合句意的需要，故选C。 话题4 历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·上海·期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one more word than you need. A．eye-catching B．potentially C． tailor D．engagement E. appeals F. issues G. obviously H. strategies I. complete J.  ill-intentioned K. accuracy Clickbait has been around for as long as the commercial internet itself. Early forms of clickbait were simple. Websites and marketers used exaggerated claims, emotional 1 and provocative (煽动性的) question to arouse users’ curiosity. As a result, the users clicked to read more. Typical examples include headlines like “You won’t believe what this celebrity has done” or “Five ways to make a million dollars.” However, users have learned to recognize the tricks and begun to surf around obvious clickbait. This has forced marketers to improve their 2 -with the help of AI. AI tools can analyze vast amounts of public information. In the process, they learn what types of headlines are most likely to get more clicks. Then they produce 3 , human-like ones that are harder to determine as clickbait. AI can also create entire content, even an article 4 with an attractive introduction, persuasive but 5 invented arguments, and convincing but misleading conclusions. It’s all designed to keep readers hooked until the very end. This can provide the time needed to deliver malware (恶意软件) or other bad intentions. By analyzing a user’s browsing and search history, social media activity, and other online tracking behavior, AI can predict what content is most appealing to the user. It can also 6 content based on geolocation, nationality or personal preferences. The latest AI algorithms (算法) are getting better at understanding and making use of human emotions. They can identify trending topics, emotional hot points and controversial (有争议的) news. They then use that information to produce content that taps into human emotions like fear, anger or joy. By doing this, AI-driven clickbait can drive higher 7 and share, spreading rapidly across social networks. The rise of advanced AI-driven clickbait poses several concerns. First are the 8 of misinformation. Clickbait places more importance on involvement than 9 , which often leads to the spread of false or misleading information. This can have serious consequences, especially when it comes to politics and public safety. It can also damage a brand’s reputation if the clickbait spreads 10 information about a company. AI-generated clickbait can also contribute to the decrease of trust in online content-even when it comes from trusted sources-if it isn’t properly checked before it’s posted. 【答案】 1．E 2．H 3．A 4．I 5．G 6．C 7．D 8．F 9．K 10．J 【导语】这是一篇说明文。“标题诱饵”自商业互联网诞生便存在，早期形式简单，如今在AI帮助下，营销者改进策略，但其也带来了错误信息等问题。 1．考查名词。句意：网站和营销人员利用夸张的宣称、情感诉求和挑衅性的问题来激发用户的好奇心。根据“exaggerated claims”以及句意“诉求”可知应用复数名词appeals，故选E。 2．考查名词。句意：这迫使营销人员借助人工智能来改进他们的策略。根据“This has forced marketers to improve their”以及句意“策略”可知应用复数名词strategies，作宾语，故选H。 3．考查形容词。句意：AI 工具能够分析海量公开信息，从中学习哪些类型的标题最容易获得更多点击，然后生成极具说服力的、类似人类撰写的标题 ，这些标题更难被识别为点击诱饵。根据“human-like ones that are harder to determine as clickbait”以及句意“引人注目”可知应用形容词eye-catching，修饰ones。故选A。 4．考查动词。句意：人工智能还能够创作出完整的内容，比如一篇文章，其中包括引人入胜的开头、具有说服力但实则虚构的论点，以及令人信服但又带有误导性的结论。根据“with an attractive introduction”以及句意“包含”可知短语为complete with，故选I。 5．考查副词。句意：人工智能还能够创作出完整的内容，比如一篇文章，其中包括引人入胜的开头、具有说服力但实则虚构的论点，以及令人信服但又带有误导性的结论。根据“invented arguments, and convincing but misleading conclusions”以及句意“显然”可知应用副词obviously，故选G。 6．考查动词。句意：它还能根据地理位置、国籍或个人偏好来定制内容。根据“based on geolocation, nationality or personal preferences”以及句意“定制”可知应用动词tailor，且can后跟动词原形。故选C。 7．考查名词。句意：通过这种方式，由人工智能驱动的虚假标题能提高用户的参与度和分享率，从而迅速在社交网络中传播开来。根据“and share, spreading rapidly across social networks”以及句意“参与度”可知应用名词engagement，作宾语，故选D。 8．考查名词。句意：首先是信息失真这一问题。根据“misinformation”以及句意“问题”可知应用复数名词issues，作宾语，故选F。 9．考查名词。句意：点击式标题党更看重内容的吸引力而非准确性，这往往会导致错误或误导性信息的传播。根据“which often leads to the spread of false or misleading information”以及句意“准确性”可知应用名词accuracy，作宾语。故选K。 10．考查形容词。句意：如果这种标题党内容传播了有关公司的不良信息，那么这也会损害品牌的声誉。根据“It can also damage a brand’s reputation”以及句意“不良”可知应用形容词ill-intentioned，修饰名词information。故选J。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·上海·期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．acquire B．chains C．counter D．division E．express F．mechanism G．mining H．regulatory I．safeguard J．severity Y．organs No lying flat on personal data protection The Ministry of Public Security recently announced 10 typical cases of crimes that infringe (侵犯) on citizens’ personal information, including the stealing of personal information related to 1 deliveries, false recruitment, invading shopping application, and criminals pretending to be medical insurance department staff to collect people’s personal information. The public security 2 cracked more than 7,000 criminal cases that infringed on citizens’ personal information last year. That reflects the 3 of the problem. In the digital age, personal information has become a “digital mineral” for some people. Criminal gangs can sell the personal information they illegally 4 for huge profits, and the amount involved in a single case can reach millions of yuan. Some new trends in crimes that infringe on citizens’ personal information are also due to 5 loopholes. For example, the means of committing such crimes are becoming more and more technical. Criminal gangs can produce and release Trojan programs to control computers of the victims. The 6 involved are also harder to trace, as the criminal gangs collude with express industry staff to steal the personal information provided with an order. These gray industry chains have become more developed with increasingly clear labor 7 within the criminal gangs in the upstream and downstream undertakings. In response, the authorities should take advantage of technological means to 8 the increasingly intelligent and organized illegal data 9 activities related to personal information, especially those in the education, medical care, logistics and other key industries. Moreover, they should improve the reward mechanism for reporting clues and encourage the public to 10 their legitimate rights and interests through legal channels. 【答案】 1．E 2．Y 3．J 4．A 5．H 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．G 10．I 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了公安部公布侵犯公民个人信息犯罪典型案例，分析犯罪新趋势并提出防范措施，鼓励公众维护合法权益。 1．考查名词。句意：公安部近日公布了10起侵犯公民个人信息的典型案件，包括窃取与快递配送相关的个人信息、虚假招聘、入侵购物应用，以及犯罪分子冒充医保部门工作人员收集个人信息。根据空后的deliveries可知，此处指“快递配送”，本空用名词express“快递服务”，作定语。故选E。 2．考查名词。句意：去年，公安机关破获了7000多起侵犯公民个人信息的刑事案件。根据空前的public security可知，本空用名词organs，public security organs意为“公安机关”，作主语，故选Y。 3．考查名词。句意：这反映了问题的严重性。根据cracked more than 7,000 criminal cases可知，问题严重，空处应用名词severity“严重性”，作宾语。故选J。 4．考查动词。句意：犯罪团伙可以出售他们非法获取的个人信息以获取巨额利润，单起案件涉及的金额可达数百万元。information后为定语从句，本空为从句谓语，根据空前的“sell the personal information they illegally”和空后的“for huge profits”可知，空处应用动词acquire“获取”，作谓语。故选A。 5．考查形容词。句意：一些侵犯公民个人信息犯罪的新趋势也是由于监管漏洞造成的。根据“infringe on citizens’ personal information”及loopholes可知，空处应用名词regulatory“监管的”，作定语，修饰loopholes。故选H。 6．考查名词。句意：涉及的链条也更难追踪，因为犯罪团伙与快递行业员工勾结，窃取订单中提供的个人信息。空出作主语，根据“the criminal gangs collude with express industry staff”和下文“These gray industry chains”可知，空处应用名词chains“链条”。故选B。 7．考查名词。句意：这些灰色产业链已经变得更加发达，上下游企业的犯罪团伙内部劳动分工也越来越明确。空处作with的宾语，根据空后的“within the criminal gangs in the upstream and downstream undertakings”可知，空处应用名词division“分工”，表示犯罪团伙内部的劳动分工。故选D。 8．考查动词。句意：对此，有关部门应利用技术手段，防范日益智能化、组织化的非法数据挖掘活动，特别是教育、医疗、物流等重点行业的非法数据挖掘活动。本空位于不定式符号to后，用动词原形，根据空后的“the increasingly intelligent and organized illegal data”可知，空处应用动词counter“防范”，表示利用技术手段防范非法数据挖掘活动。故选C。 9．考查名词。句意同上。根据空前的“illegal data”可知，空处应用名词mining“挖掘”，作定语，修饰activities，表示非法数据挖掘活动。故选G。 10．考查动词。句意：此外，他们还应完善举报线索奖励机制，鼓励公众通过法律渠道维护自己的合法权益。本空位于不定式符号to后，用动词原形，根据空后的“their legitimate rights”可知，空处应用动词safeguard“维护”，表示鼓励公众维护自己的合法权益。故选I。 Passage 3 （24-25高一下·上海·期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．embarrassment    B．flow    C．spread    D．irregular    E．lower F．overlooked    G．present    H．ruining    I．sharpening    J．skilled    K．trained Growing Up on the Grid Like computer circuit boards (电路板), many American cities are organized into grid (网格) patterns and they experience a vast 1 of people moving through them. In our new study published in Nature, we reveal that the city grid has a problem. Designed to ease navigation, they can in turn 2 the spatial (空间的) skill of those who grow up in them. Learning to navigate allows us to be independent, adventure to new places, and avoid the 3 of getting lost. Previous studies reported that our navigation ability can be affected by many factors, such as age, gender and education. One factor that had been 4 was the environment where we grow up. We therefore wanted to find out whether it was better to grow up in the city or countryside with regard to the 5 of one's navigation skills. To answer this question, we tested such skills of over four million people via Sea Hero Quest, an app-based video game we developed. It turned out that people who grew up outside of cities were better navigators than those who had grown up inside of them. The advantage was 6 across the lifespan of the participants, though showing a slight increase in later life. So what is it about cities that seems to bring down our spatial abilities? We may examine the rankings across countries for the navigation skill. One feature of these countries (the U.S, Canada and Argentina) whose citizens are terrible navigators is that they all have grid - arranged cities. At the other end of the rankings are countries such as Romania and Italy, with highly 7 city layouts. Do our results suggest that griddy cities are 8 your navigation abilities? Not quite. We found that although people who grew up in griddy cities were worse at navigation overall, they were slightly more 9 at navigating griddy environments than people from outside cities. So, if you were to pass through Manhattan or Barcelona, having a fellow navigator who grew up in a city would be helpful. The clusters of information moving through their brain circuits have been 10 to succeed within the grid. 【答案】 1．B 2．E 3．A 4．F 5．I 6．G 7．D 8．H 9．J 10．K 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。研究发现，成长于网格状城市的人导航能力整体弱于乡村，但更擅长在网格环境中导航。 1．考查名词。句意：就像计算机电路板一样，许多美国城市也呈网格状布局，并且每天都有大量人员在其中穿梭往来。根据“of people moving through them”以及句意“大量”可知短语为a vast flow of，作宾语。故选B。 2．考查动词。句意：其设计初衷是为了方便导航，但这样一来，那些在这样的环境中长大的人可能会降低自身的空间感知能力。根据“the spatial skill of those who grow up in them”以及句意“降低”可知应用动词lower，且can后跟动词原形。故选E。 3．考查名词。句意：学会导航能让我们变得独立，能够前往新的地方探险，并且避免因迷路而产生的尴尬局面。根据“of getting lost”以及句意“尴尬”可知应用名词embarrassment，作宾语。故选A。 4．考查动词。句意：有一个因素此前被忽视了，那就是我们成长的环境。根据“Previous studies reported that our navigation ability can be affected by many factors, such as age, gender and education.(先前的研究表明，我们的导航能力会受到诸多因素的影响，比如年龄、性别和教育程度等)”以及句意“忽视”可知应用动词overlook，根据上文had been可知为过去完成时的被动语态，故选F。 5．考查名词。句意：因此，我们想要弄清楚，就导航技能的提升而言，在城市还是乡村长大更好。根据“of one’s navigation skills”以及句意“提升”可知应用名词sharpening，作宾语，故选I。 6．考查形容词。句意：这种优势在参与者的整个生命周期中都存在，不过在晚年时有所增强。根据“”以及句意“存在”可知应用形容词present，作表语。故选G。 7．考查形容词。句意：在排名的另一端是像罗马尼亚和意大利这样的国家，这些国家的城市布局非常不规则。根据“At the other end of the rankings are countries such as Romania and Italy, with highly”以及句意“不规律”可知应用形容词irregular，修饰名词layouts。故选D。 8．考查动词。句意：我们的研究结果是否表明，拥挤的城市正在损害你的导航能力呢？根据“navigation abilities”以及句意“损害”可知应用动词ruin，结合are可知为现在进行时。故选H。 9．考查形容词。句意：我们发现，尽管在拥挤城市长大的人整体上在导航方面表现较差，但他们比来自城市之外的人在应对拥挤环境时的导航能力要稍强一些。根据“at navigating griddy environments than people from outside cities”以及句意可知应用形容词skilled，作表语。故选J。 10．考查动词。句意：这些在大脑神经回路中传递的信息群组已经经过训练，能够在该网格结构中正常运作。根据“to succeed within the grid”以及句意“训练”可知应用动词train，根据have been可知为现在完成时的被动语态。故选K。 话题5 科学与技术 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·上海·期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．accounts B．collect C． complex D．favorable E. hub F. maintenance G. operates H. place I. piloted J. round K. volume Getting a drone to deliver your coffee at the Great Wall! In August, Badaling Great Wall launched the first drone delivery route in Beijing, as the scenic spot aims to enhance tourist experience, strengthen emergency support capabilities and improve the digital capabilities of its daily operations and 645 The application scenarios of instant delivery services by drones are constantly expanding. Earlier this month. Meituan launched a drone delivery route at Fudan University in Shanghai, making it the first such offering at a university in the city. This route connects a business 1 in the Wujiaochang area of Shanghai with the student apartments in the east district of Fudan Universıty. Drones complete a 2 trip flight every 15 minutes on average, and students can 3 their orders at a cabinet set up near their dormitories. When the drone   4 at a distance of 50 meters, its noise level is only about 51 decibels (分贝), which is lower than the 5 of a regular conversation, Meituan said. South China’s Guangdong has been a 6 for drone development. The consumer drones sector in the province 7 for over 70 percent of the global market share, while the industrial drones sector holds 50 percent of the international market, according to the local government. In various application scenarios of the low-altitude economy, instant delivery services by drones in cities have been more complex, and they are currently being 8 in some particular areas. The service is expected to gradually gain traction across the nation with 9 policy support, address the issue of urban traffic congestion and improve delivery efficiency. 【答案】 1．F 2．C 3．J 4．B 5．G 6．K 7．E 8．A 9．I 10．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍北京八达岭长城、上海复旦大学等地无人机配送应用，提及广东无人机市场占比，强调其在政策支持下将推广，改善交通与效率。 1．考查名词。句意：八达岭长城推出了北京首条无人机配送路线，以提升游客体验、加强应急支持能力，并改善日常运营和维护的数字化能力。分析句子可知，此空应填名词作介词后宾语，与operations并列，maintenance，表“维护”，符合“日常运营与维护”的语境。故选F。 2．考查名词。句意：这条路线连接了上海五角场地区的一个商业综合体与复旦大学东区的学生公寓。分析句子可知，此空应填名词作宾语，business complex，为固定搭配，表“商业综合体”，指集购物、办公等功能于一体的建筑群，符合“商业区域与学生公寓连接”的场景逻辑。故选C。 3．考查形容词。句意：无人机平均每15分钟完成一次往返飞行，而且学生可以在宿舍附近的柜子里取餐。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词修饰trip，round trip，表“往返旅程”，符合无人机配送的路线特点。故选J。 4．考查动词。句意：无人机平均每15分钟完成一次往返飞行，而且学生可以在宿舍附近的柜子里取餐。分析句子可知，此空应填动词原形作谓语，collect orders，表“取订单、取餐”，与“cabinet(取餐柜)”的使用场景匹配。故选B。 5．考查动词。句意：美团称，当无人机在50米外运行时，噪音仅约51分贝，这低于普通对话的音量。分析句子可知，此空应填动词作谓语，operates，表“运行、工作”，描述无人机在特定距离内的工作状态，符合“噪音测量场景”的语境。故选G。 6．考查名词。句意：美团称，当无人机在50米外运行时，噪音仅约51分贝，这低于普通对话的音量。分析句子可知，此空应填名词，volume，表“音量”，与 “decibels(分贝)”对应，衡量声音大小。故选K。 7．考查名词。句意：中国南方的广东省一直是无人机发展的中心。分析句子可知，此空应填名词作表语，hub表“中心”，a hub for drone development，指无人机产业聚集的核心地区，符合语境。故选E。 8．考查动词。句意：该省的消费级无人机领域占全球市场份额的70%以上。分析句子可知，此空应填动词作谓语，accounts for，为固定搭配，表“占（比例）”，符合市场份额的表述。故选A。 9．考查动词。句意：在低空经济的各种应用场景中，城市中无人机的即时交付服务更加复杂，目前正在一些特定地区进行试点。分析句子可知，此空应填动词过去分词，与前面be动词构成被动结构，piloted，表“试行、试点”，与“particular areas(特定区域)” 呼应，指服务处于测试阶段。故选I。 10．考查形容词。句意：在有利的政策支持下，该服务有望逐步在全国范围内获得吸引力，解决城市交通拥堵问题，提高配送效率。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词修饰“policy support”，favorable,表“有利的、支持性的”，说明政策对服务推广的积极作用。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·上海浦东新·期中）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．conscious     B．myths          C． lying         D．behaviours      E. necessarily F. inadequate     G. recognizing     H. merrily       I. hidden Why it’s hard to spot a liar?   Moving in their seat, glancing around the room and never looking you in the eye. We think we know when someone is 1 to us, but do we really?   A study published in the Personality and Social Psychology Review showed that people’s ability to tell if someone is lying to them is little better than 50%. Interestingly, other research suggests that we are actually quite good at unconsciously spotting liars, but our 2 thoughts reject this. Scientist R. Edward Geiselman points out that training in 3 liars doesn’t always help, saying “quick, 4 training courses lead people to do worse than if they go with their natural reactions”. One reason for this may be “truth bias (偏见) ”. Experts have suggested that we are usually biased to believe that people are telling us the truth, at least in most contexts. Another reason that might make us bad at identifying liars is that there are a number of 5 around body language and lying. Many of us believe that liars are unlikely to look us in the eye or will move restlessly in their seat. However, this isn’t 6 the case. Professor of psychology Kevin Colwell suggests that liars often work hard to cover up these 7 . It may be that not looking away, or sitting more still than usual, are actually the giveaways that someone is not telling the truth. It can be hard to spot liars. We are likely to trust people, and behaviours can be 8 . but if we know someone well, and if someone is working too hard to stick to their story, it’s possible to see through people who are not telling the truth. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．G 4．F 5．B 6．E 7．D 8．I 【导语】本文是说明文。主要探讨了人们识别谎言的能力及其局限性。 1．考查动词。句意：我们以为自己知道别人在对我们撒谎，但我们真的知道吗？根据句意，此处应是lie意为“说谎”符合语境根据when可知，描述正在发生的事，用现在进行时，空前已有be动词，空处应填lie的现在分词形式lying。故选C项。 2．考查形容词。句意：有趣的是，另一项研究表明，我们其实很擅长在无意识中发现说谎者，但我们的意识思维拒绝了这一点。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据句意，应是conscious意为“有意识的”符合语境。故选A项。 3．考查动词。句意：科学家R. Edward Geiselman指出，识别说谎者的训练并不总是有用，他说：“快速而不充分的训练课程会导致人们比自然反应更糟糕。”根据句意，此处应是recognize意为“识别”符合语境，空前是介词，所以空处应填动名词形式。故选G项。 4．考查形容词。句意：科学家R. Edward Geiselman指出，识别说谎者的训练并不总是有用，他说：“快速而不充分的训练课程会导致人们比自然反应更糟糕。”空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据句意，应是inadequate意为“不足的”符合语境。故选F项。 5．考查名词。句意：另一个可能让我们不擅长识别谎言的原因是，关于肢体语言和说谎存在许多不真实的事。空前是介词，所以空处应填名词作主语，根据句意，应是myths意为“不真实的事”符合语境。故选B项。 6．考查副词。句意：然而，事实并非如此。空处修饰整个句子，用故此修饰，根据句意，应是necessarily意为“必要地”符合语境。故选E项。 7．考查名词。句意：心理学教授Kevin Colwell认为，说谎者通常会努力掩盖这些行为。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据句意，应是behaviour意为“行为”符合语境，根据these可知，用复数形式。故选D项。 8．考查动词。句意：我们倾向于信任他人，而行为是可以被隐藏的。根据句意，应是hide意为“隐藏”符合语境，和主语behaviours之间是被动关系，用被动语态，空前已有be动词，所以空处应填过去分词形式。故选I项。 Passage 3 （23-24高一下·上海嘉定·期中）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．backed  B．benefit  C． consumption  D．diversity  E. disordered  F. matter G. perceive  H. led  I. snacking  J. treat  K. wandering Walking past a corner bakery, you may find yourself drawn in by the fresh smell of sweets wafting from the front door. You're not alone. The knowledge that humans make decisions based on their nose has 1 major brands like Cinnabon and Panera Bread to use the scents of baked goods in their restaurants, leading to big increases in sales. But according to a new study, the food you ate just before your walk past the bakery may impact your chance of stopping in for a sweet 2 —and not just because you're full. Scientists at Northwestern University found that people became less sensitive to food odors (气味) based on the meal they had eaten just before. So, if you were 3 on baked goods from a coworker before your walk, for example, you may be less likely to stop into that sweet-smelling bakery. The study found that participants who had just eaten a meal of either cinnamon buns (肉桂面包) or pizza were less likely to 4 "meal-matched" odors, but not non-matched odors. The findings were then 5 by brain scans that showed brain activity in parts of the brain that process odors was altered in a similar way. These findings show that just as smell regulates what we eat, what we eat—in turn—regulates our sense of smell. Feedback between food intake and the olfactory (嗅觉的) system may have an evolutionary 6 , said senior and corresponding study author Thorsten Kahnt, an assistant professor at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. "If you think about our ancestors 7 around the forest trying to find food, they find and eat berries and then aren't as sensitive to the smell of berries anymore, "Kahnt said. So it could theoretically help facilitate (促进) 8 in food and nutrient intake. While we may not notice the hunter-gatherer adaptation having an effect on our day-to-day decision-making, the connection between our nose, what we seek out and what we can detect with our nose may still 9 . If the nose isn't working right, for example, the feedback may be disrupted, leading to problems with 10 eating and obesity. There may even be links to disrupted sleep, another tie to the olfactory system the Kahnt lab is researching. 【答案】 1．H 2．J 3．I 4．G 5．A 6．B 7．K 8．D 9．F 10．E 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，研究表明，人们在饮食过后，再闻到相同的气味的食物会不再敏感，但是能闻到与原来食物不匹配的气味，这有助于促进食物和营养摄入的多样性。 1．考查动词。句意：人们根据鼻子做出决定，这使得像肉桂和帕涅拉面包这样的大品牌在他们的餐厅里使用烘焙食品的气味，导致销售额大幅增长。分析句子可知，空处与has构成现在完成时结构，空处为过去分词，结合major brands like Cinnabon and Panera Bread to use the scents of baked goods in their restaurants可知，此处为“引起”lead的过去分词led。故选H。 2．考查名词。句意：但根据一项新的研究，你在路过面包店前吃的食物可能会影响你停下来吃甜食的机会——这不仅仅是因为你吃饱了。分析句子可知，空处为介词for的宾语，根据stopping in可知，此处为a sweet treat，意思为：吃甜食，固定短语。故选J。 3．考查动词。句意：所以，如果你在散步前吃了同事送的烘焙食品，你可能就不太可能去那家散发着香味的面包店了。空处与were构成句子的谓语，结合on baked goods可知，此处为短语snack on意思为“吃点心”，snack用现在分词。故选I。 4．考查动词。句意：研究发现，刚刚吃过肉桂面包或披萨的参与者不太可能闻到“与食物匹配”的气味，但能闻到不匹配的气味。空放在be likely to的后面，用动词原形。根据participants who had just eaten a meal of either cinnamon buns (肉桂面包) or pizza可知，刚吃过肉桂面包或披萨的参与者更少倾向注意到与食用食物相似的气味。perceive意思为：注意到。 故选G。 5．考查动词。句意：随后，脑部扫描结果支持了这一发现，扫描结果显示，大脑中处理气味的部分的活动也以类似的方式发生了变化。根据by brain scans可知，空处缺少动词形式构成谓语，结合by可知，空处缺少过去分词构成被动语态，此处表示“支持”，用back的过去分词。故选A。 6．考查名词。句意：西北大学范伯格医学院助理教授、资深研究作者托尔斯滕·卡恩特说，食物摄入和嗅觉系统之间的反馈可能对进化有益。空处作have的宾语，且an后用可数名词单数，结合句意可知，此处表示“益处”用benefit。故选B。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：“如果你想想我们的祖先在森林里游荡，试图寻找食物，他们发现并吃浆果，然后对浆果的气味不再敏感，”Kahnt说。空处修饰ancestors，结合around the forest可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，wandering意思为：漫步，游荡，符合题意。故选K。 8．考查名词。句意：因此，从理论上讲，它可以帮助促进食物和营养摄入的多样性。空处作facilitate的宾语，结合前文可知，对于吃过的食物，气味将不再敏感，这有助于促进食物和营养摄入的多样性。diversity意思为：多样性。故选D。 9．考查动词。句意：虽然我们可能没有注意到狩猎采集者的适应对我们日常决策的影响，但我们的鼻子、我们寻找的东西和我们用鼻子能探测到的东西之间的联系可能仍然很重要。空处在may后，用动词原形，结合后文If the nose isn't working right, for example, the feedback may be disrupted, leading to problems可知，此处表示寻找的物品和用鼻子分辨的东西之间的联系很重要，matter意思为：要紧，重要。故选F。 10．考查形容词。句意：例如，如果鼻子工作不正常，反馈可能会中断，导致饮食失调和肥胖问题。结合leading to problems可知，此处为饮食问题，空处作定语，用disordered，意思为：失调的、紊乱的，符合题意。故选E。 话题6人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·上海·期中）选词填空 A．acting    B．address   C． civilization   D．cleared E. hugely   F. identified  G. proposed   H. invaluable I. combination   J. comprehension   K. sustainably China’s ‘Green Wall’ China has embarked on an ambitious programme to plant thousands, if not millions, of trees to stop desertification, in the hope that the trees will act as a barrier — or a ‘green wall’ — between 1 and the desert. The cause of desertification in China is multi-faceted. A 2 of natural and human factors are at play, although it is becoming increasingly apparent that human activities, causing a changing climate, have worsened the problem. The rapid development of China during the early stages of the 20th century saw substantial amounts of forests 3 for timber (木材) and agricultural land. Though this helped turn the country into economic prosperity, it left behind a serious environmental scar. To fight back, China has 4 planting trees as the primary solution to its desertification problem. Though some action was taken prior, 1978 was a definitive year that marked the beginning of the ‘Great Green Wall’. Known officially as the Three-North Shelterbelt Project, China has invested 5 — approximately 7129 million dollars — in planting millions of trees along the northern border to stop the intruding desert and its devastating impacts. The project is 6 to end in 2050, with the aim of increasing forest cover from 5% to 15%. The mass tree planting has had positive impacts regarding China’s carbon emissions. As the world’s largest emitter, China has an obligation to 7 its damaging practices and many officials believe that the afforestation it has undertaken is doing just that. The substantial increase in forest coverage is 8 as an effective “carbon sink”, whereby the area is absorbing more carbon than it emits. Increasing tree coverage also helps to stabilize water resources and provide local people with 9 available resources such as timber and other forest products (e. g., fruit). Overall, China’s ambitious undertaking of afforestation is a real-life case study that other countries can cite. The practicalities and timeframes all offer 10 information that can help other states or organizations achieve effective afforestation projects. 【答案】 1．C 2．I 3．D 4．F 5．E 6．G 7．B 8．A 9．K 10．H 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国为应对沙漠化开展的“绿色长城”工程，即“三北防护林工程”，介绍了沙漠化的原因、工程的举措、带来的积极影响等。 1．考查名词。句意：中国启动了一项雄心勃勃的计划，种植成千上万甚至数百万棵树来遏制沙漠化，希望这些树木能成为文明与沙漠之间的屏障 —— 即“绿色长城”。空处与“desert”并列，应填名词，结合语境可知，名词civilization“文明”符合语境，指树木在文明与沙漠之间起到阻隔作用。故选C项。 2．考查名词。句意：自然和人为因素的共同作用，尽管越来越明显的是，导致气候变化的人类活动加剧了这一问题。a combination of...为固定搭配，意为“…… 的结合”，表示自然和人为因素相互结合导致沙漠化。故选I项。 3．考查过去分词。句意：20世纪早期中国的快速发展使得大量森林被砍伐用作木材和农业用地。根据“for timber (木材) and agricultural land”可知，森林被砍伐，清理，动词clear“清理”符合语境；句中已有谓语动词“saw”，“forests”与动词“clear”之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词“cleared”作宾语补足语，构成“see sth. done”结构。故选D项。 4．考查动词。句意：为了应对，中国已确定将植树作为解决沙漠化问题的主要办法。此处缺少谓语动词，“has done”为现在完成时结构，设空处填过去分词，identified意为“确定，识别”，符合语境，即确定植树为主要解决措施。故选F项。 5．考查副词。句意：中国官方称其为三北防护林工程，已投入巨额资金 —— 约71.29亿美元 —— 在北部边境种植数百万棵树，以阻止沙漠入侵及其破坏性影响。空处修饰动词“invested”，需用副词，hugely意为“非常，大量地”，说明投资金额巨大，符合语境。故选E项。 6．考查动词。句意：该项目预计于2050年结束，目标是将森林覆盖率从5%提高到15%。动词propose“计划，打算”符合句意，主语The project与propose之间为被动关系，填过去分词形式构成一般现在时的被动语态，表示该项目被计划在2050年结束。故选G项。 7．考查动词。句意：作为世界上最大的排放国，中国有义务解决其破坏性的做法，许多官员认为，中国所进行的植树造林正是这样做的。have an obligation to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“有义务做某事”，空处需填动词原形，动词address意为“设法解决，处理，应对”，符合语境，即解决破坏性的行为。故选B项。 8．考查动词。句意：森林覆盖率的大幅增加正在成为一个有效的“碳汇”，即该地区吸收的碳多于排放的碳。根据空后“an effective “carbon sink””可知森林覆盖率的大幅增加起到碳汇的作用，动词短语act as意为“充当，起……作用”符合语境，主语The substantial increase in forest coverage与act as之间为在主动关系，用现在分词形式acting与空前is构成现在进行时。故选A项。 9．考查副词。句意：增加树木覆盖率还有助于稳定水资源，并为当地人提供可持续利用的资源，如木材和其他林产品（如水果）。空处修饰形容词“available”，需用副词，sustainably意为“可持续地”，强调了资源利用的可持续性，符合语境。故选K项。 10．考查形容词。句意：这些实际操作和时间框架都提供了宝贵的信息，可以帮助其他国家或组织实施有效的植树造林项目。空处修饰名词“information”，需用形容词，根据空后“that can help other states or organizations achieve effective afforestation projects”可知提供的信息是非常宝贵的、很有用的，invaluable意为“极宝贵的，极有用的”符合语境。故选H项。 Passage 2 （23-24高一下·上海闵行·期末）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．critics        B．experimented        C．supply        D．sufficient        E．feed        F．resolve G．hazardous        H．novel                I．processed        J．produced        K．extinct The population of the world is increasing rapidly. By 2030, there could be 8.0 billion people on earth. Will there be 1 food for all these people, or will we have a food shortage? Some scientists think fish farming could 2 this problem. However, other scientists worry that fish farming could cause serious environmental problems. Fish farming is not a 3 thing. There were fish farms in China 3, 000 years ago. Today, about one-third of the fish we eat comes from fish farms. Most fish farms raise plant-eating fish. Popular kinds of plant-eating fish are carp, tilapia, and catfish. Unfortunately, many fish farms are starting to raise meat-eating fish. A popular type of meat-eating fish is salmon. These meat-eating fish live on 4 food made from wild fish. However, it takes up to 5 tons of wild fish to produce just 1 ton of farm-raised salmon. The 5 of wild fish is already decreasing. Eventually, many types of wild fish could go 6 . What will we do then? 7 of fish farming also say that farm-raised fish is unhealthy for humans. They say the fish contains dangerous chemicals. They also blame the issue on fish farming because it pollutes the water. Another criticism is that farm-raised fish can spread diseases to wild fish. Some people say that the farming methods being used now hasn’t 8 enough fish anyway. Instead of putting fish farms in lakes or near the coast, they say that the fish farms should be moved far out into the ocean. Several countries have already 9 with deep-ocean farms. In the future, fish farms might be large cages that move across the ocean. Like most things, there is both a good and a bad side to fish farming. Fish farming may help to 10 millions of people. At the same time, however, fish farming may damage the environment. 【答案】 1．D 2．F 3．H 4．I 5．C 6．K 7．A 8．J 9．B 10．E 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了世界人口增长和随之而来的潜在食物短缺问题，以及养鱼作为解决方案的利弊。 1．考查形容词。句意：到2030年，地球上可能将有80亿人口。会有足够的食物供给所有这些人吗，还是会发生食物短缺？根据后文“or will we have a food shortage(还是会发生食物短缺)”可知，此处应表示“足够的”，形容词。故选D项。 2．考查动词。句意：然而，其他科学家担心养鱼可能会引起严重的环境问题。根据前文“some scientists think fish farming could(其他科学家担心养鱼可能会)”以及下文“this problem(这一问题)”可知，此处应表示“解决”含义的动词。故选F项。 3．考查形容词。句意：养鱼不是一件新鲜事。根据前文“Fish farming is not a(养鱼不是一件)”和后文“There were fish farms in China 3, 000 years ago(三千多年前在中国就有渔场)”可知，此处应表示“新奇的，新颖的”，使用形容词作定语。故选H项。 4．考查动词。句意：不幸的是，许多养鱼场开始养殖食肉鱼类。一种受欢迎的食肉鱼类是鲑鱼。这些食肉鱼类以加工食物为食，这些食物由野生鱼类制成。根据后文“made from wild fish(由野生鱼类制成)”可知，此处应表示“加工”。故选I项。 5．考查名词。句意：然而，这需要多达5吨的野生鱼类才能生产出1吨的养鱼场养殖鲑鱼。根据后文“wild fish is already decreasing(野生鱼的……正在下降)”可知，此处应表示“供应”。故选C项。 6．考查形容词。句意：最终，许多野生鱼类可能会灭绝。根据上文“wild fish could go(野生鱼会……)”以及下文“What will we do then?(那个时候我们应该怎么办？)”可知，此处应表示“灭绝的”。故选K项。 7．考查名词。句意：养鱼的批评者还说，养鱼对人类来说是不健康的。根据后文“Another criticism is that farm-raised fish can spread diseases to wild fish (另一个批评是渔场养的鱼会将疾病传播至野生鱼)”可知，此处应表示“批评者”。故选A项。 8．考查动词。句意：然而，现在使用的方法还没有产生足够的鱼类。根据后文“enough fish (足够的鱼)”可知，此处应表示“产生”。故选J项。 9．考查动词。句意：几个国家已经在深海养殖场进行了实验。根据后文“with deep-ocean farms(深海养殖场)”可知，此处应表示“对……进行实验”。故选B项。 10．考查动词。句意：渔场养殖有助于养活数百万人。根据后文“millions of people(数百万人)”可知，此处应表示“养活”。故选E项。 Passage 3 （23-24高一下·上海·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box.Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need. A．locals    B decrease    C． experienced    D．positive   E.popularity   F.efficiently G. focus    H. increase   I. respectful   J. protect     K.fiercely Eco-tourism involves people travelling to beautiful but environmental sensitive place. Such trips are usually carried out with a(n) 1 guide. Over recent years, this type of travel has been steadily gaining 2 as more people search for new travel experiences. It is obvious that eco-tourism is beneficial in many aspects. First, all the money spent by the tourists is used to 3 the important environmental spots they visit. Second,it helps visitors to better understand the environment, which is sure to 4 their knowledge of the world. Furthermore, this style of travel is also more 5 of the local culture. Compared to normal tourists, eco-tourist use energy more 6 , save water and produce less rubbish by finding ways to recycle it. These behaviors have a(n) 7 and lasting effect on the local environment. Two things are needed to make eco-tourism a success. First, it should be done in small groups. And second, because it requires great effort, both eco-tourists and 8 must be sincere in their devotion to improving the environment. Green travel provides local people with jobs in parks, hotels and shops. One great achievement of eco-tourism has been the 9 of illegal hunting. Former hunters can now work as guides to help keep the animals safe in their natural surroundings. Peru is one country using eco-tourism to promote respect for the environment. It's able to take better care of its rainforests because of 10 on more sustainable travel. In addition to this, local people's living-standards have improved. Many others are now following Peru's example and using eco-tourism to preserve their environment for the future generations. 【答案】 1．C 2．E 3．J 4．H 5．I 6．F 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。随着越来越多的人寻求新的旅游体验，生态旅游已经逐渐受到欢迎。短文介绍了生态旅游的益处以及使生态旅游能够成功的要素。 1．考查形容词。句意：这样的旅行通常是在有经验的导游陪同下进行的。形容词修饰名词guide。根据句意，形容词experienced“有经验的”修饰名词guide。故填C。 2．考查名词。句意：近年来，随着越来越多的人寻求新的旅游体验，这种类型的旅行已经逐渐受到欢迎。gain为及物动词，后接名词作宾语。根据句意，后接名词popularity“欢迎”作宾语。故填E。 3．考查动词不定式。句意：首先，游客所花的钱都用在保护他们参观的重要景点上了。be used to do sth“被用来做某事”，所以空处应填动词原形。根据句意，所以空处填protect“保护”。故填J。 4．考查动词不定式。句意：其次，它可以帮助游客更好地了解环境，这肯定会增加他们对世界的了解。be sure to do sth “一定做某事”，所以空处填动词原形。根据句意，所以空处填动词increase“增加”。故填H。 5．考查形容词。句意：此外，这种旅行方式也更尊重当地的文化。分析句子可知，本句为“be +形容词+of”的结构，根据句意，本句为be respectful of“尊重……”。故填I。 6．考查副词。句意：与普通游客相比，生态旅游者更能有效地利用能源，通过回收利用的方法节约用水，减少垃圾的产生。分析句子可知，副词修饰动词use。根据句意，efficiently“高效地”为副词修饰动词use。故填F。 7．考查形容词。句意：这些行为对当地环境产生了积极而持久的影响。and并列连接两个形容词。根据句意，空处填positive“积极的”。故填D。 8．考查名词。句意：其次，因为这需要巨大的努力，所以生态旅游者和当地人都必须真心实意地致力于改善环境。名词作主语。根据句意，locals“当地人”符合句意。故填A。 9．考查名词。句意：生态旅游的一大成就是减少了非法狩猎。the+名词+of“……的……”，根据句意，本空应填decrease“减少”。故填B。 10．考查名词。句意：它能够更好地保护雨林，因为它专注于更可持续的旅行。of为介词，后接名词作宾语。focus on…为固定短语，意思为：对于……的专注。根据句意，空处填focus“焦点，专注”。故填G。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题04 选词填空6大常考话题 话题1 生活与学习 Passage 1：1.I 2.G 3.H 4.C 5.F 6.A 7.K 8.B 9.E 10.D Passage 2：1.H 2.F 3.D 4.I 5.A 6.E 7.J 8.C 9.B 10.G Passage 3：1.I 2.G 3.J 4.C 5.H 6.E 7.K 8.A 9.D 10.B 话题2 做人与做事 Passage 1：1.J 2.E 3.F 4.D 5.K 6.A 7.H 8.C 9.I 10.B Passage 2：1.J 2.B 3.G 4.E 5.F 6.D 7.A 8.K 9.H 10.C Passage 3：1.G 2.F 3.J 4.C 5.K 6.A 7.D 8.E 9.B 10.I 话题3 文学、艺术与体育 Passage 1：1.G 2.A 3.I 4.F 5.D 6.K 7.H 8.B 9.E 10.C Passage 2：1.J 2.E 3.D 4.C 5.I 6.A 7.K 8.G 9.B 10.H Passage 3：1.F 2.J 3.E 4.G 5.K 6.A 7.I 8.D 9.H 10.C 话题4 历史、社会与文化 Passage 1：1.E 2.H 3.A 4.I 5.G 6.C 7.D 8.F 9.K 10.J Passage 2：1.E 2.Y 3.J 4.A 5.H 6.B 7.D 8.C 9.G 10.I Passage 3：1.B 2.E 3.A 4.F 5.I 6.G 7.D 8.H 9.J 10.K 话题5 科学与技术 Passage 1：1.F 2.C 3.J 4.B 5.G 6.K 7.E 8.A 9.I 10.D Passage 2：1.C 2.A 3.G 4.F 5.B 6.E 7.D 8.I Passage 3：1.H 2.J 3.I 4.G 5.A 6.B 7.K 8.D 9.F 10.E 话题6 人与自然 Passage 1：1.C 2.I 3.D 4.F 5.E 6.G 7.B 8.A 9.K 10.H Passage 2：1.D 2.F 3.H 4.I 5.C 6.K 7.A 8.J 9.B 10.E Passage 3：1.C 2.E 3.J 4.H 5.I 6.F 7.D 8.A 9.B 10.G 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $