考前押题03 语法填空6大常考话题（期中专项训练）高一英语下学期沪外版

考前押题03 语法填空6大常考话题 话题1 生活与学习 话题4 历史、社会与文化 话题2 做人与做事 话题5 科学与技术 话题3 文学、艺术与体育 话题6 人与自然 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 话题1 生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·上海·期中）Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Patient Companion Mainly found in large cities with better medical resources, patient companions exist to help people deal with complicated medical systems. The profession 1 (develop) rapidly in China, with companion services being used over 4.3 million times in 2023. The total industry 2 (value) at 747 million yuan. In most cases, patient companions are found by clients 3 on social media. After the two sides sign an agreement, the patient companion 4 research the patient’s condition as well as the hospital where the patient is being treated. Patient companions arrive early to check in for appointments, 5 allows their clients to skip the long lines found in many large hospitals. They go to make payments or pick up prescriptions (医生开的药) on behalf of the patients if the latter have difficulty 6 (walk) or are unfamiliar with the processes. While waiting, the companions also provide emotional support and simple medical information to their clients. When 7 (permit), they will enter the consultation room with patients and take notes for them. Patient companions also help to facilitate communication between patients and doctors. As China’s population ages, there has been an increased demand for patient companions in recent years. The elderly often need help booking appointments at the crowded top hospitals. Meanwhile, many young people have started using patient companion services, as they found asking relatives or friends unnecessary or sometimes 8 (embarrass). The emergence of patient companions has helped to fill some gaps in China’s medical systems. And it looks like the profession is here to stay. Last month, Shanghai announced that it would include patient companions in its eldercare welfare system 9 a trial basis. With more comprehensive regulations 10 (introduce) in the future, patient companions will be more beneficial to both patients and medical workers. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·上海徐汇·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. The Path to Achieving Success Success is a destination that many people strive to reach, but the journey to it is rarely straightforward. 1 some may seem to achieve success effortlessly, the truth is that for most, it involves overcoming numerous hurdles. Whether it is in the form of academic challenges, career setbacks, or personal struggles, persistence, patience, and adaptability are required along the path to achieving success. One of the first obstacles 2 stand in the way is self-doubt. When you’re starting a new project or embarking on a new career, you may wonder if you’re capable of achieving your goals. However, it is important to remember that doubt is a natural part of the process. 3 you keep moving forward, you can gradually build confidence. Success, after all, is not determined by how many times you fall, but by how many times you get back up. Additionally, success is not always achieved in a linear(线性的)fashion. Many individuals find themselves 4 (face)unexpected challenges, such as economic hardships or personal crises. 5 it is the loss of a job or a health setback, these experiences can feel like major roadblocks. However, this is precisely when resilience is built. 6 who can adapt to new circumstances and continue to push forward often find that their setbacks eventually lead them to new opportunities. Success also requires learning from mistakes. We may fail many times — in our studies or careers — and the process of failing many times 7 we achieve the ultimate success can be frustrating. However, success is not solely about avoiding failure; it is about 8 you respond to it. By analyzing your mistakes and seeking ways to improve, you gradually pave the way for future achievements. In conclusion, the road to success is full of twists and turns, but it is the ability to navigate these challenges 9 determines whether one will finally reach their goals. 10 setbacks you encounter, staying focused and learning from each experience ensures that success is waiting for you at the end of the tunnel. Passage 3 （24-25高一下·上海·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Fascinating Food Facts Food and drink reveal much about culture and history. Here’s a look at some fascinating food facts from around the world. Beer has long held a unique place in global culture. In ancient England, it   1 (often serve) with breakfast, while in Bavaria, it’s regarded as an essential part of the diet. Interestingly, beer commercials sometimes use washing-up liquid 2 (give) it more head (泡沫). Researchers in Denmark even discovered that beer tastes better when 3 (accompany) by music. 4 beer, there are many interesting food facts. Native Americans avoided eating turkeys, viewing them as too docile (温顺的). Turkey contains tryptophan, a chemical linked to sleepiness, possibly 5 (explain) post-Christmas naps. Meanwhile, Spam, a pink pork product, lasts indefinitely in a closed can and is often exchanged as gifts in Korea. Another enduring food is honey — it’s the only food 6 doesn’t spoil. Rice feeds half the world, while potatoes feed the other half. Meanwhile, the U.S. sells over 200 million M&M’s daily, and Fanta Orange ranks as the third   7 (popular) soda globally. Surprisingly, the number “57” on Heinz ketchup bottles is purely decorative, created for marketing appeal. Similarly, Coca-Cola’s original description, “Esteemed Brain Tonic &Intellectual Beverage,” shows   8 imaginative advertising can be. Dentists say chocolate can help prevent tooth decay because it contains such elements as calcium and phosphates, which are often considered tooth friendly. U.S. students in surveys 9 (choose) pizza, chicken nuggets, and burgers as favorites, while vegetables and tofu stayed among the least liked foods. Finally, 10 many competitors offer near-identical tastes, Coca-Cola’s secret recipe is supposedly locked away in Atlanta. Famous individuals have their food preferences too — Bill Clinton enjoys chicken, while the Danish queen loves Japanese fare (日料). 话题2 做人与做事 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·上海青浦·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Signs You Are Eating Pre-Made Food at a Restaurant Even at fine dining restaurants, serving pre-made food is a common practice most regular customers are not aware of. So how can you know for sure your food was made 1 you ever sat down at your table? Here’s how to tell if the food you’re eating is fresh. You may be excited to see your waitress approaching with your food not long after you order it, but the biggest sign 2 you’re dinning at a restaurant serving pre-made food is how quickly your food arrives at the table. A freshly prepared meal that’s made for people 3 (order) takes time. What doesn’t take much time is reheating pre-made food, 4 is often done at fast-food restaurants. An extensive menu means the chef 5 have all those ingredients on-hand, which makes it difficult to guarantee freshness along with timeliness. To solve this problem, chefs often use pre-made food. That can range from already packaged products 6 preparing the meals in advance, but either way, they’re getting a head start, and the quality of your meal may suffer from 7 . Often enough, the establishment you 8 (dine) at is the first indicator that your meal is pre-made. Choosing a chain restaurant for your dining destination may seem like a safe choice, for you know what’s on the menu and you know 9 it’s going to taste like, no matter what city you’re in. Say you’re at a restaurant and you order a steak. You wait in anticipation, watering at the thought of 10 (slice) into a juicy steak. Your order arrives, and it looks just like you imagined it would, except for the taste. That’s probably because your steak hit the microwave before it hit your plate! Passage 2 （24-25高一下·上海·期末）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. I was sure this was the worst day of my life. Being diagnosed with Type I diabetes felt almost like a death sentence. My life changed in an instant, and I was afraid 383 not being able to cope with a chronic (慢性的) disease and terrified that I would never get to be a normal child. Little did I know that this condition would later on allow me to give back to my community through my 384 (volunteer) initiatives and pursue a career where I could help others. The impact that my disease had on my family was profound. We all had to learn to adjust to a new reality. I knew that it was up to me to make this work, but I felt 385 (lose). After a few days, the initial shock 386 (replace) by denial, then came anger, and little by little, I later gained acceptance. By exercising determination and courage, I made a choice 387 (resist) letting it dictate who I was or what I could become. Meanwhile, I realized that some things in life are better dealt with by having a support system. With this in mind, I looked for positions where I 388 share my experience with others and listen to their own struggles. After getting involved in various initiatives, I decided to organize a support group for those 389 are dealing with difficult situations. The group was so successful 390 I was invited to other schools to talk about the difference we made in our members. We all have challenges in life. Looking back, 391 felt like a death sentence at first turned into a way of supporting others in my community. It 392 (prove) that the lessons we take from the setbacks we encounter can, in fact, be fundamental to later success. Passage 3 （24-25高一下·上海静安·期末）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Gift Giving Is About the Buyer, Not the Receiver Many of us like to think we focus on the recipient’s needs when choosing a gift, but researchers find the process isn’t so simple. “The urge to give an unexpected, wow-worthy gift comes from the giver 1 (want) to show how much they know about the recipient and to get them something 2 surprises and delights them,” says Galak, a consumer psychologist. “It’s as much about what the giver wants 3 making the recipient happy.” One study found givers may skip “satisfaction-maximizing gifts” and choose to give “reaction-maximizing gifts” instead. Gifts express feelings toward others but also reflect how we see 396 Self-centered motives 4 (root) in many gift choices: Concert tickets can say I want to feel closer to you. 5 (choose) a custom artwork instead of something from the wedding registry can mean I want you to believe that I understand you better than anyone else. Sometimes, not buying a gift is a form of self-protection — we don’t want to feel like 6 we own is not good enough. “It isn’t about making you happy,” Galak explains. “It’s about making sure I don’t make myself 7 (badly) off. The goal is to avoid envy.” “These are not choices about the recipient anymore,” Galak says. “They help the giver take pride 8 the giving process.” He has also found that people sometimes purposely give gifts they don’t believe to be best, 9 he calls “selfish prosocial (亲社会的) behavior.” 话题3 文学、艺术与体育 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·上海·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Entire Genres Were Defined by Him The 20th century was the era of film music, and the world lost one of that century’s true giants. 1 (ask) a dozen film composers to name their heroes and you’ll get many different answers, but I would confidently bet that one name will be on every single list. The name of a true, undeniable musical genius: Ennio Morricone. But Morricone, who died at 91, was more than a musical hero. He was an icon. What really set 2 apart were his absolutely unique sensibilities. His impact on cinema music’s culture was so strong 3 entire genres were defined by him. His 1960s compositions for Sergio Leone’s westerns, like The Good, the Bad and the Ugly, entered the popular culture so deeply that almost everyone knows their sound, even 4 being aware of it. And scores of Once Upon a Time in America redefined 5 truly emotional and purely evocative film music could aim for. His was the high mark. His work goes beyond the movies he 6 (compose) for and will be embedded deeply in the art of film music for as long as there is film. He will be missed, but his music will not be forgotten. His voice was so strong that any composer 7 would try to imitate him would fall under its spell. His genius was to invent his own language of film music, a language of his time, the 1960s and the 1970s, but 8 (build) on a strong classical background. His scores, shamelessly melodic, used an unknown and complex combination of instruments and sounds 9 (create) something absolutely unique that would immediately open your imagination beyond the movie. Morricone wrote scores like operas or symphonies, with passion, scope and intelligence. The way he could capture emotions, humor, suspense and nostalgia (怀旧) showed his extraordinary sense of narrative, 10 (make)him one of the finest Italian composers of the 20th century. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·上海·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. “Nezha 2: Return of the Demon Child” has been a huge hit since its release, attracting audiences with its 1 (thrill) plot and stunning visuals. The story 2 (begin) right after the events of the first movie. Nezha and Ao Bing, having survived the Heavenly Tribulation (天劫), are faced 3 a new challenge. Their physical forms are on the verge of disappearing, and they must find a way to save themselves. During their journey, Nezha and Ao Bing encounter various 4 (character) and obstacles (阻碍). They meet new friends 5 help them along the way, and also face powerful enemies who try to stop them. Nezha, with his 6 ( usual) courage and determination, never gives up. He is determined 7 (protect) his friends and change his fate. The movie not only shows 8 power of friendship and courage, but also explores deeper themes such as 9 (responsible) and the meaning of life. It makes the audience think about 10 they would do when faced with difficulties. With its amazing animation (动画制作) and meaningful story, “Nezha 2” has become a must-watch for both kids and adults. Passage 3 （23-24高一下·上海·期中）语法填空 007 in the Kitchen As a man who cheerfully sing in the shower without any embarrassment, I won’t feel shameful to admit that I also love playing loud music when cooking in the kitchen. But 1 might make things a tiny little bit awkward is the type of music I play, and consequently the feelings I derive (获得) from it. One of 2 all-time favourites is the James Bond Theme. Immersed (沉浸) in the tension it creates while chopping veggies into small pieces, I always find it impossible 3 (not picture) myself as a well-trained special agent with license to kill. And all of a sudden moving to the music without missing 4 beat seems to have a lot to do with national security. As the music plays, the killer instinct in my blood is unleashed (被释放), which makes 5 (fry) a piece of bloody steak as easy as taking candy from a diabetic (糖尿病的)man who no longer wishes to eat candy. All I need to do is to act promptly without mercy. However, there will be other times when the success of the whole mission counts on whether I 6 remove the bones from the fish. Believe it or not, the complexity of this process is no 7 (great) than that of defusing (拆除)a time bomb. So in this scenario, 8 giving in to the music easily, I must constantly and consciously control myself so as not to be carried away. After all, a fish-bone 9 (catch) in the throat is as uncomfortable as it can be. Of course, in the end, 10 impossible the mission seems, like the plot of every Hollywood spy movie, the cook can always save the day. 话题4 历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·上海·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks. use one word that best fits each blank. A few days ago, I broke a long-cherished habit and turned off the BBC News at 10 p.m. after watching just a few headlines. Instead, I was starting to flick through channels for something that would make me smile, like a comedy show or anything about dogs. News of suffering in war zones followed by reports from yet another seemingly tricky conflict 1 (turn) me into a news avoider. News avoidance around the world is growing. Researchers at Oxford University heard from respondents that the news is either too “depressing” or “boring” for them, with 39% 2 (admit) that they sometimes, or often, actively avoided the news. That’s 3 increase from 29% in 2018. For some, news overload is to blame. The few 4 (select) updates from the past have been replaced by rolling news alerts and notifications. They often seem to be about problems without solutions, like wars in the Middle East or the climate crisis. More and more people 5 (seek) to protect their mental health by avoiding these stories. Instead, they are turning to content on social media. 6 , a far larger group, tell researchers that the news is no longer for people like them. Many of them used to keep their televisions on after their favorite show and catch the 6 o’clock news. Now the ability 7 (stream) entertainment cuts off this avenue (渠道) for awareness 8 the tabloids (小报) used to be so popular in the UK, they now have fewer readers-more and more people globally are becoming “news outsiders” or even “unnewsed.” Despite innovations in journalism, it feels 9 our news consumption has been reduced by an algorithmic race to the bottom of digital distraction (干扰). Opinion and entertainment simply provide bigger dopamine hits than straight facts. Many of the new offerings, such as Substack posts, are also behind paywalls. This can lead to even greater fears of the divide between the information haves and have-nots. In a world 10 we live with uncertainty and a sense of powerlessness, accurate, fact-based news has never been more important. Find time to get into new news habits. I’m planning to. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·上海静安·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. In the era of globalization, the world has become a closely-knit community. Multinational companies are constantly expanding 1 reach. Take Starbucks as an example. It has managed to integrate into different cultures 2 maintaining its brand identity. Starbucks entered China in 1999. At first, it 3 (face) challenges as Chinese people had a long-standing tea-drinking culture. However, instead of 4 (force) its Western coffee-drinking model, the company adapted to local preferences. It introduced new beverage options like green tea-based drinks, 5 catered to the Chinese tastes. This localization strategy not only satisfied local tastes but also helped the brand gain a 6 (deep) understanding of the local market. Moreover, Starbucks has been actively involved in community-building initiatives. It has opened stores in areas that are undergoing urban renewal. These stores serve as gathering places, where people from different backgrounds can communicate, thus promoting cross-cultural exchange. Additionally, the company has been committed to sustainable sourcing of coffee beans. By working directly with coffee farmers in various countries, Starbucks ensures the quality of its products and at the same time supports the livelihoods of small-scale farmers. This global-local approach has made Starbucks a successful example in the process of globalization. It shows 7 in the global market, companies need to be flexible and responsible to succeed. The success of Starbucks also has an impact on the local coffee-related industries. Local coffee shops have been inspired by its business model and service standards. Some local entrepreneurs have started their own coffee ventures and tried to combine local flavors with modern coffee-making techniques. This has led 8 a growth in the domestic coffee market, creating more job opportunities and contributing to the overall economic development. 9 globalization brings many benefits in the field, it also poses challenges. For example, local coffee shops may face fierce competition from international chains like Starbucks. They need to find their unique selling points and continuously innovate 10 (survive) in the market. One of the keys to their success actually lies in how they can better understand and meet the local customers’ needs. Passage 3 （24-25高一下·上海·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Hemingway’s Art of Omission (省略) Ernest Hemingway, celebrated for his plain prose, believed that profound truths hide beneath simplicity. 1 (grow) up in Illinois, he developed a love for outdoor adventures — experiences 2 later provided raw material for his war novels. When World War I broke out, Hemingway, rejected by the army 3 poor eyesight, volunteered as an ambulance driver. This decision marked the beginning of his lifelong fascination with exploring human courage in extreme conditions. A Farewell to Arms, published in 1929, remains one of literature’s 4 (moving) anti-war statements. Central to his writing was the “iceberg theory” — the idea 5 omitting unnecessary details allows readers to perceive deeper meanings. In The Old Man and the Sea, Santiago’s battle with the marlin becomes a universal metaphor for perseverance. What astonished critics was how Hemingway managed 6 (convey) existential despair through deceptively simple dialogues. Hemingway’s personal life, however, was anything but peaceful. Married four times, he struggled with depression, yet his characters, 7 often faced hardship with steady determination, showed great strength and bravery. The writer once compared crafting fiction to bullfighting: “It’s not about describing every drop of blood, but making readers feel the horn’s shadow.” This principle explains why his stories, 8 (write) in simple language, strike emotional chords. Today, as AI attempts to imitate his style, we 9 (remind) that Hemingway’s true legacy lies not in what he wrote, 10 in what he dared to leave unsaid — a testament to the power of disciplined silence. 话题5 科学与技术 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·上海杨浦·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. SpaceX’s Starship sees the company get closer to its reusable rocket dream On Oct 13, 2024, the US-based space tech company SpaceX successfully completed its fifth test flight of Starship, a powerful rocket, in Texas, US. This brought the company one step closer to its goal of creating reusable rockets, reported AFP. The giant rocket is 12-meter-tall and it 1 (consist) of two parts, the Starship spacecraft at the top and the Super Heavy rocket 2 (attach) below. Around seven minutes after launch, the two separated about 70 kilometers above the ground. The rocket’s booster flew back and gradually adjusted 3 into a standing position. Then, it began to fall, as two large mechanical arms extended from the launch tower. Like a pair of chopsticks, they “caught” the 71-meter-tall booster and brought it down to a gentle stop. Later on, the spacecraft landed in the Indian Ocean as planned. SpaceX said on its website that its engineers “spent years preparing and months testing for the booster catch attempt”. During the test, teams kept checking to ensure both the booster and the tower fit “thousands” of standards 4 any attempt to return the booster was made. Had the conditions not been satisfied, it would have been redirected for a splashdown in the Gulf of Mexico, as in previous tests. SpaceX was founded in 2002 with the ultimate goal of helping humans settle on the moon, Mars and beyond. The company has grown rapidly into a leader in the space industry thanks to its strategy of “fail fast, learn fast”. The Starship’s first few test flights failed due to problems 5 explosions or a loss of contact. SpaceX sees failures as opportunities to gather data and speed up the creation of better systems than its competitors, 6 differs from the traditional approach of identifying and planning for potential problems before a launch, 7 practiced by organizations like NASA, which can be 8 (slow), according to The Conversation. For example, NASA’s Space Launch System-the rocket designed to take astronauts to the moon as part of the Artemis program-took over 10 years 9 (develop) before its first launch. Starship represents an advancement over SpaceX’s earlier reusable model, Falcon 9, as Starship’s reusable rockets 10 now have their tanks refilled after a quick check and get ready for the next flight again. “Starship is designed to achieve reflight of its rocket booster ultimately within an hour after liftoff,” Elon Musk said on X. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·上海浦东新·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Is Butter Bad For You? Butter is having a moment. In 2024 American consumption per person hit its highest in almost 60 years. But a new scientific study reports that butter-eating 1 (associate) with an early death. So is butter really bad for you? Reaching an answer involves understanding that not all fats are alike. At a chemical level, fats can be thought of 2 chains of carbon atoms; some are saturated, meaning every carbon atom clings to two hydrogen atoms, and others are unsaturated (不饱和的), meaning some carbon atoms bond to only one of hydrogen. Those structural differences can dramatically affect 3 those fats interact with the body. Saturated fats, for example, raise levels of cholesterol, a fatty molecule that gathers in arteries and can contribute to cardiovascular disease. They do this, in part, by partially disabling receptors in the liver which cause excess cholesterol 4 (extract) from the bloodstream and dumped into bile. Unsaturated fats, by contrast, actively reduce the levels of cholesterol by activating these same liver receptors. Most of the fat in butter is of the saturated variety. It, therefore, stands to reason that butter should have a negative effect on heart health. Indeed, randomised-controlled studies offer good evidence 5 replacing butter with plant-based oil can reduce cholesterol. There is more bad news for butter-lovers. The new study, published on March 6th, rely on data from three long-run trials of American medical professionals. For almost 33 years 220,000nurses and doctors 6 (survey) regularly about their lifestyle, diet and health. The authors found that those people who ate the most butter(averaging around one tablespoon per day) were 15% 7 (likely) to have died during the course of the study than those who avoided the stuff. By contrast, people who consumed the most plant-based oils, such as canola, soybean or olive oil — all 8 have low levels of saturated fat — were 16% less likely to die than those who consumed the least. 9 the study could not show that butter increased the risk of dying from cardiovascular diseases, consuming more plant-based oils did lower that particular risk. The authors found that 10 (replace) ten grams of butter daily with the same amount of plant-based oil appeared to reduce the cancer mortality risk by 17%. Passage 3 （24-25高一下·上海浦东新·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Night owls’ cognitive function superior to early risers For decades, the idea that early risers are more productive and have a 1 (high) cognitive (认知的) function than night owls has been widely accepted. However, a new study suggests that night owls 2 actually have a better cognitive function compared to early morning risers. The study, 3 (conduct) in the journal Sleep, found that individuals who naturally go to bed later and sleep in later in the morning have a higher level of cognitive flexibility and attentional control. Researchers at the University of Toronto carried out a series of experiments 4 (test) the cognitive abilities of 100 individuals, with half being classified 5 night owls and the other half as morning larks. Participants 6 (give) a series of cognitive tests, including tasks that required attention, problem-solving, and memory recall. The study found that night owls outperformed early risers in tasks 7 required flexibility and adaptability. Night owls were also better at finding out irrelevant information and 8 (focus) on relevant cues. Night owls also showed more creativity and open-mindedness, 9 (make) them good at jobs that need innovation and problem-solving. These findings may help to explain 10 many successful businessmen, innovators, and artists are often night owls. In contrast, early risers were better at routine tasks and following procedures, which is useful in jobs like customer service. The study’s findings suggest that owing to the small sample size, more research is needed to confirm these findings. But it is noted that the night owls may have 11 advantage in certain areas of cognitive function. As the study’s authors suggest, “night owls may be more likely to thrive in careers that require creativity, innovation, and adaptability, 12 early risers may excel in careers that require repetition and routine. ” 话题6人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·上海·期中）Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct. Make a difference to the environment It is often hard to determine whether the food we eat is eco-friendly or not. However, it is clear that some types of food have a 1 (big) environmental impact than others. What can we do in our everyday lives to make 2 difference? Firstly, we should avoid food that has travelled a long way. Food transport is a big source of CO₂, 3 causes global warming. In other words, it is best to eat food that 4 (produce) by the local people. Secondly, 5 the fast food is very convenient, we should eat less fast food for the environment. Recently, fast food has become very popular, but 6 is unfortunately very bad for the environment. Most takeaway containers will probably end up in the rubbish dump. However, we can encourage restaurants 7 (use) recycled materials to pack their meals. Thirdly, we should avoid those types of food 8 (cause) huge environmental stress. For example, now rain forests around the world are being burned down to make room for cattle farms. To protect the rainforest, we 9 eat less beef and avoid food that contains palm oil. Pollution and climate change are global problems, so we all need to work together. The good news is that every little bit counts. By using our resources 10 a more efficient way, we can save a lot of money at the same time as we save the environment. Passage 2 （23-24高一下·上海嘉定·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Repair Café When things around the house stop working, what do you usually do with them? If you're 1 a lot of people, you probably just throw them away. This tendency has led to the modern nickname: the throwaway culture. There are many reasons for this trend. In some areas 2 it's difficult to find people who can make repairs, fixing things can be quite expensive. Also, some small appliances are so inexpensive that it's often much 3 (easy) to just buy a new one. In 2009, Martine Postma from the Netherlands decided there must be a better way. Her solution was Repair Cafés: places where people can take damaged or 4 (tear) items. There they will find tools, resources and volunteer experts who are willing to help with repairs. Postma's first Repair Café opened on Oct. 18, 2009, in Amsterdam, and was a huge success. News of the café spread, and people began asking 5 they could start their own. In 2011, Postma established the Repair Café Foundation. This nonprofit organization provides guidance to those hoping to begin their own neighborhood repair group. Today, there are roughly 2,000 Repair Cafés around the world with meetings typically 6 (occur) once a month. Around 25 objects per session are repaired. 7 is free, but donations are greatly appreciated. Not only do the cafés provide help with repairs, they also strengthen community ties. Neighbors get to know one another as they work together on projects. In addition, valuable knowledge is passed along and preserved. Items are kept 8 thrown away, meaning less trash in landfills. 9 an average broken item weighs a kilo, it's been estimated that 2,000 Repair Cafés prevent 35,000 kilos of trash every month. That 10 (add) up to about 420,000 kilos per year! Passage 3 （23-24高一下·上海·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Every year, around 30 million visitors swarm into Venice, a place of under 50,000 residents. The population has shrunk by 70 percent in the past 70 years in Venice, 1 the residents have been driven out by ballooning rents and cuts in services. Burano—a one-square-mile island in the north lagoon—draws thousands of visitors daily. They take a 40-minute vaporetto (waterbus) ride from Venice 2 (see) the island’s candy-colored cottages and the leaning bell tower. Now, as residents on the island, some Buranelli are fighting back, 3 (make) the island a launching ground for ecotourism. A clutch of the island’s fishermen are doubling up on their jobs—casting their nets as well as showing tourists the fragile lagoon and why it needs 4 (preserve). Life on Burano has revolved around the water. A fishing settlement with a history 5 (date) back to the Roman era, the island’s relative separation from Venice, has kept its traditions undamaged 6 medieval times. Yet 7 (work) with tourists is increasingly important for the fishermen’s livelihoods. Wholesale seafood prices nearly 8 (halve) during the pandemic, and although they recovered, they decreased again in late 2022. “I’m proud of my work but I’m also aware that in a few years there won’t be anyone left 9 (do) it,” one of the local fishermen says. Numbers of both crabs and fishermen are sharply declining: “When I was a child, there were 100 moecanti on Burano; now we are 19,” he says. Climate change 10 (raise) lagoon temperatures over the last decade. While the crabs aren’t endangered, fewer of them are swimming into fishermen’s nets. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题03 语法填空6大常考话题 话题1 生活与学习 Passage 1：1.is developing/has been developing 2.is valued 3.themselves 4.must/should 5.which 6.walking 7.permitted 8.embarrassing 9.on 10.to introduce/to be introduced Passage 2：1.While/Though/Although 2.that 3.As/So long as 4.facing 5.Whether 6.Those 7.before 8.how 9.that 10.Whatever Passage 3：1.was often served 2.to give 3.accompanied 4.Besides 5.explaining 6.that 7.most popular 8.how 9.chose 10.although/though/while 话题2 做人与做事 Passage 1：1.before 2.that 3.to order 4.as/like 5.must 6.to 7.it 8.are dining 9.what 10.slicing Passage 2：1.of 2.volunteering 3.lost 4.was replaced 5.to resist 6.could 7.who 8.that 9.what 10.proves Passage 3：1.wanting 2.that/which 3.as 4.ourselves 5.are rooted 6.Choosing 7.what 8.look bad 9.in 10.which 话题3 文学、艺术与体育 Passage 1：1.Ask 2.him 3.that 4.without 5.what 6.composed 7.who 8.built 9.to create 10.making Passage 2：1.thrilling 2.begins 3.with 4.characters 5.who/that 6.unusual 7.to protect 8.the 9.responsibility 10.what Passage 3：1.what 2.my 3.not to picture 4.a 5.frying 6.can 7.less greater 8.despite 9.caught 10.however 话题4 历史、社会与文化 Passage 1：1.has turned 2.admitting 3.an 4.selected 5.are seeking 6.However 7.to stream 8.Although/Though/While 9.that 10.where Passage 2：1.their 2.while 3.faced 4.forcing 5.which 6.deeper 7.that 8.to 9.Although/Though/While 10.to survive Passage 3：1.Growing 2.that/which 3.due to 4.most moving 5.that 6.to convey 7.who 8.written 9.are reminded 10.but 话题5 科学与技术 Passage 1：1.consists 2.attached 3.itself 4.before 5.such as 6.which 7.as 8.slower 9.to develop 10.can Passage 2：1.is associated 2.as 3.how 4.to be extracted 5.that 6.have been surveyed 7.more likely 8.of which 9.Although/Though/While 10.replacing Passage 3：1.higher 2.may 3.conducted 4.to test 5.as 6.were given 7.that/which 8.focusing 9.making 10.why 11.an 12.while 话题6 人与自然 Passage 1：1.bigger 2.a 3.which 4.is produced 5.although/though/while 6.it 7.to use 8.causing 9.should 10.in Passage 2：1.like 2.where 3.easier 4.torn 5.how/whether/if 6.occurring 7.Everything/All 8.rather than 9.If 10.adds/will add Passage 3：1.because/as/for 2.to see 3.making 4.preserving/to be preserved/preservation 5.dating 6.since 7.working 8.halved 9.doing 10.has raised 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题03 语法填空6大常考话题 话题1 生活与学习 话题4 历史、社会与文化 话题2 做人与做事 话题5 科学与技术 话题3 文学、艺术与体育 话题6 人与自然 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 话题1 生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·上海·期中）Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Patient Companion Mainly found in large cities with better medical resources, patient companions exist to help people deal with complicated medical systems. The profession 1 (develop) rapidly in China, with companion services being used over 4.3 million times in 2023. The total industry 2 (value) at 747 million yuan. In most cases, patient companions are found by clients 3 on social media. After the two sides sign an agreement, the patient companion 4 research the patient’s condition as well as the hospital where the patient is being treated. Patient companions arrive early to check in for appointments, 5 allows their clients to skip the long lines found in many large hospitals. They go to make payments or pick up prescriptions (医生开的药) on behalf of the patients if the latter have difficulty 6 (walk) or are unfamiliar with the processes. While waiting, the companions also provide emotional support and simple medical information to their clients. When 7 (permit), they will enter the consultation room with patients and take notes for them. Patient companions also help to facilitate communication between patients and doctors. As China’s population ages, there has been an increased demand for patient companions in recent years. The elderly often need help booking appointments at the crowded top hospitals. Meanwhile, many young people have started using patient companion services, as they found asking relatives or friends unnecessary or sometimes 8 (embarrass). The emergence of patient companions has helped to fill some gaps in China’s medical systems. And it looks like the profession is here to stay. Last month, Shanghai announced that it would include patient companions in its eldercare welfare system 9 a trial basis. With more comprehensive regulations 10 (introduce) in the future, patient companions will be more beneficial to both patients and medical workers. 【答案】 1．is developing/has been developing 2．is valued 3．themselves 4．must/should 5．which 6．walking 7．permitted 8．embarrassing 9．on 10．to introduce/to be introduced 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国患者陪护行业的发展现状、服务内容及市场需求。 1．考查动词时态。句意：在中国，该职业正迅速发展，2023年陪伴服务使用超过430万次。develop“发展”。本句描述正在发生的动作，时态用现在进行时，主语The profession为第三人称单数，be动词用is。或者可以理解为：develop这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子时态应用现在完成时，又因主语是第三人称单数代词，所以助动词用has。故填is developing/has been developing。 2．考查时态和语态。句意：该行业总价值7.47亿元。本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语industry与value“给……估价”为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态。主语是第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is valued。 3．考查反身代词。句意：大多数情况下，客户自己在社交媒体上寻找陪诊员。此处强调 “客户自己” 寻找，用反身代词themselves。故填 themselves。 4．考查情态动词。句意：双方签约后，陪诊员必须/应该研究患者病情及就诊医院。根据职业要求，用must“必须”或should“应该”体现职责义务。故填 must/should。 5．考查定语从句。句意：患者陪护人员会提前到达医院办理预约手续，这样他们的客户就可以跳过许多大医院里长长的排队队伍。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果病人行走困难或对流程不熟悉，他们会代表病人付款或取药。have difficulty (in) doing sth.是固定短语，意为“做某事有困难”，本空用walk的动名词，作宾语。故填walking。 7．考查状语从句的省略。句意：在得到允许的情况下，他们会和病人一起进入咨询室，并为他们做笔记。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it，且从句含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。本句中的when引导的时间状语从句完整句子为When  they are _______ (permit)，they与permit“允许”为被动关系，本空用过去分词，与are构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填permitted。 8．考查形容词。句意：与此同时，许多年轻人开始使用患者陪护服务，因为他们发现向亲戚或朋友寻求帮助是不必要的，有时甚至是令人尴尬的。此处作宾语补足语，意为“令人尴尬的”，应用形容词embarrassing。故填embarrassing。 9．考查介词。句意：上个月，上海宣布将试行将患者陪护纳入其养老福利体系。on a trial basis意为“在试验的基础上”，是固定短语。故填on。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：未来引入更全面的法规后，陪诊员将更惠及医患。此处为with的复合结构，且regulations与introduce“引进”为被动关系，且动作尚未发生，用不定式作宾补。也可用不定式的主动形式，表示被动含义。故填to introduce/to be introduced。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·上海徐汇·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. The Path to Achieving Success Success is a destination that many people strive to reach, but the journey to it is rarely straightforward. 1 some may seem to achieve success effortlessly, the truth is that for most, it involves overcoming numerous hurdles. Whether it is in the form of academic challenges, career setbacks, or personal struggles, persistence, patience, and adaptability are required along the path to achieving success. One of the first obstacles 2 stand in the way is self-doubt. When you’re starting a new project or embarking on a new career, you may wonder if you’re capable of achieving your goals. However, it is important to remember that doubt is a natural part of the process. 3 you keep moving forward, you can gradually build confidence. Success, after all, is not determined by how many times you fall, but by how many times you get back up. Additionally, success is not always achieved in a linear(线性的)fashion. Many individuals find themselves 4 (face)unexpected challenges, such as economic hardships or personal crises. 5 it is the loss of a job or a health setback, these experiences can feel like major roadblocks. However, this is precisely when resilience is built. 6 who can adapt to new circumstances and continue to push forward often find that their setbacks eventually lead them to new opportunities. Success also requires learning from mistakes. We may fail many times — in our studies or careers — and the process of failing many times 7 we achieve the ultimate success can be frustrating. However, success is not solely about avoiding failure; it is about 8 you respond to it. By analyzing your mistakes and seeking ways to improve, you gradually pave the way for future achievements. In conclusion, the road to success is full of twists and turns, but it is the ability to navigate these challenges 9 determines whether one will finally reach their goals. 10 setbacks you encounter, staying focused and learning from each experience ensures that success is waiting for you at the end of the tunnel. 【答案】 1．While/Though/Although 2．that 3．As long as/As long as 4．facing 5．Whether 6．Those 7．before 8．how 9．that 10．Whatever 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了实现成功的路径，包括成功过程中可能遇到的障碍，并提出了应对这些挑战的方法和建议。 1．考查状语从句。句意：虽然有些人似乎毫不费力就能取得成功，但事实上，对于大多数人来说，成功需要克服无数的障碍。空处为让步性状语从句的引导词，意为“虽然”，可用引导词“while或though或although”；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填While/Though/Although。 2．考查定语从句。句意：挡在成功道路上的首要障碍之一是自我怀疑。空处为定语从句的关系词；先行词为“obstacles”，在定语从句中担当主语；由于其前有序数词“the first”修饰，用关系代词that引导。故填that。 3．考查状语从句。句意：只要你不断前进，就能逐渐建立起信心。空处为状语从句的引导词，意为“只要”，用“as/as long as”引导；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填As/So long as。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：许多人发现自己面临着意想不到的挑战，比如经济困难或个人危机。空处为非谓语动词形式担当宾语补足语；宾语“themselves”和动词“face”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填facing。 5．考查状语从句。句意：无论是失业还是健康问题，这些经历都可能成为重大的阻碍。空处为让步性状语从句的引导词，意为“无论是……还是……”，用“whether…or…”引导；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Whether。 6．考查代词。句意：那些能够适应新环境并继续前进的人常常会发现，他们所经历的挫折最终会为他们带来新的机会。空处为代词形式担当主语，指的是“……人”；根据谓语动词“find”可推测，空处为复数意思；由此可推测，空处用代词“those”；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Those。 7．考查状语从句。句意：在我们的学习或职业生涯中，我们可能会经历多次失败，在取得最终成功之前经历多次失败的过程可能会令人沮丧。空处为时间状语从句的引导词，意为“在……之前”，用“before”引导。故填before。 8．考查宾语从句。句意：然而，成功不仅仅是避免失败，更在于你对失败的应对方式。空处为宾语从句的引导词；宾语从句中缺少方式状语，用how引导。故填how。 9．考查强调句型。句意：总之，通往成功的道路充满了曲折，但正是应对这些挑战的能力决定了一个人是否最终能实现目标。空处为强调句型：it is…that…，意为“正是……”，符合句意。故填that。 10．考查状语从句。句意：无论你遇到什么挫折，保持专注并从每一次经历中学习，你就能确信成功就在隧道的尽头等着你。空处为让步性状语从句的引导词；根据句意可知，意为“无论什么样的”，修饰名词setbacks，用“whatever”引导；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Whatever。 Passage 3 （24-25高一下·上海·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Fascinating Food Facts Food and drink reveal much about culture and history. Here’s a look at some fascinating food facts from around the world. Beer has long held a unique place in global culture. In ancient England, it   1 (often serve) with breakfast, while in Bavaria, it’s regarded as an essential part of the diet. Interestingly, beer commercials sometimes use washing-up liquid 2 (give) it more head (泡沫). Researchers in Denmark even discovered that beer tastes better when 3 (accompany) by music. 4 beer, there are many interesting food facts. Native Americans avoided eating turkeys, viewing them as too docile (温顺的). Turkey contains tryptophan, a chemical linked to sleepiness, possibly 5 (explain) post-Christmas naps. Meanwhile, Spam, a pink pork product, lasts indefinitely in a closed can and is often exchanged as gifts in Korea. Another enduring food is honey — it’s the only food 6 doesn’t spoil. Rice feeds half the world, while potatoes feed the other half. Meanwhile, the U.S. sells over 200 million M&M’s daily, and Fanta Orange ranks as the third   7 (popular) soda globally. Surprisingly, the number “57” on Heinz ketchup bottles is purely decorative, created for marketing appeal. Similarly, Coca-Cola’s original description, “Esteemed Brain Tonic &Intellectual Beverage,” shows   8 imaginative advertising can be. Dentists say chocolate can help prevent tooth decay because it contains such elements as calcium and phosphates, which are often considered tooth friendly. U.S. students in surveys 9 (choose) pizza, chicken nuggets, and burgers as favorites, while vegetables and tofu stayed among the least liked foods. Finally, 10 many competitors offer near-identical tastes, Coca-Cola’s secret recipe is supposedly locked away in Atlanta. Famous individuals have their food preferences too — Bill Clinton enjoys chicken, while the Danish queen loves Japanese fare (日料). 【答案】 1．was often served 2．to give 3．accompanied 4．Besides 5．explaining 6．that 7．most popular 8．how 9．chose 10．although/though/while 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了世界各地一些有趣的食物相关事实。 1．考查时态和语态。句意：在古代英国，它经常和早餐一起供应，而在巴伐利亚，它被认为是饮食中必不可少的一部分。根据时间状语In ancient England可知，句子描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，且主语it和动词serve之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词用was。故填was often served。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：有趣的是，啤酒广告有时会用洗洁精来产生更多的泡沫。use sth. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“使用某物做某事”，空处需填动词不定式作目的状语。故填to give。 3．考查状语从句的省略。句意：丹麦的研究人员甚至发现，当有音乐伴奏时，啤酒的味道会更好。when引导的时间状语从句中省略了主语it(指代beer)和be动词，主语it和动词accompany之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填accompanied。 4．考查介词。句意：除了啤酒，还有许多有趣的食物事实。结合语境可知，此处表示“除了啤酒”，besides意为“除了……之外（还有）”，符合题意，句首单词，首字母需大写。故填Besides。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：火鸡含有色氨酸，这是一种与困倦有关的化学物质，这可能解释了圣诞节后的午睡。句中已有谓语动词contains，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，前面描述的火鸡含有色氨酸这件事，表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词形式。故填explaining。 6．考查定语从句。句意：另一种耐久的食物是蜂蜜——它是唯一不会变质的食物。空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是food，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，且先行词被the only修饰，只能用关系代词that引导。故填that。 7．考查形容词最高级。句意：与此同时，美国每天销售超过2亿颗M&M巧克力豆，芬达橙味汽水是全球第三大受欢迎的苏打水。根据空前the third可知，此处应用形容词最高级形式，修饰名词soda，作定语。故填most popular。 8．考查宾语从句。句意：同样，可口可乐最初的描述是“备受推崇的大脑滋补品和智慧饮料”，这显示了广告可以多么富有想象力。shows后接宾语从句，表示“多么富有想象力”，应用how引导，修饰形容词imaginative 。故填how。 9．考查动词时态。句意：在调查中，美国学生选择披萨、鸡块和汉堡作为他们最喜欢的食物，而蔬菜和豆腐仍然是最不受欢迎的食物之一。根据语境可知，句子描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，主语students和动词choose之间是主动关系。故填chose。 10．考查状语从句。句意：最后，尽管许多竞争对手提供几乎相同的口味，但可口可乐的秘密配方据说被锁在亚特兰大。前后句之间是让步关系，应用although/though/while引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”。故填although/though/while。 话题2 做人与做事 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·上海青浦·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Signs You Are Eating Pre-Made Food at a Restaurant Even at fine dining restaurants, serving pre-made food is a common practice most regular customers are not aware of. So how can you know for sure your food was made 1 you ever sat down at your table? Here’s how to tell if the food you’re eating is fresh. You may be excited to see your waitress approaching with your food not long after you order it, but the biggest sign 2 you’re dinning at a restaurant serving pre-made food is how quickly your food arrives at the table. A freshly prepared meal that’s made for people 3 (order) takes time. What doesn’t take much time is reheating pre-made food, 4 is often done at fast-food restaurants. An extensive menu means the chef 5 have all those ingredients on-hand, which makes it difficult to guarantee freshness along with timeliness. To solve this problem, chefs often use pre-made food. That can range from already packaged products 6 preparing the meals in advance, but either way, they’re getting a head start, and the quality of your meal may suffer from 7 . Often enough, the establishment you 8 (dine) at is the first indicator that your meal is pre-made. Choosing a chain restaurant for your dining destination may seem like a safe choice, for you know what’s on the menu and you know 9 it’s going to taste like, no matter what city you’re in. Say you’re at a restaurant and you order a steak. You wait in anticipation, watering at the thought of 10 (slice) into a juicy steak. Your order arrives, and it looks just like you imagined it would, except for the taste. That’s probably because your steak hit the microwave before it hit your plate! 【答案】 1．before 2．that 3．to order 4．as/like 5．must 6．to 7．it 8．are dining 9．what 10．slicing 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述如何辨别在餐厅吃的食物是预制食品。 1．考查时间状语从句。句意：所以你怎么能确定你的食物是在你坐在餐桌前做的呢？根据上文“Even at fine dining restaurants, serving pre-made food is a common practice most regular customers are not aware of.(即使在高级餐厅，供应预制食品也是大多数常客都不知道的一种常见做法)”可知，供应预制食品是很多餐厅的常见做法，故此处是问如何确定自己的食物是预制食品，即食物在你坐下来之前就已经做好了，用before引导时间状语从句，故填before。 2．考查同位语从句。句意：你可能会很兴奋地看到服务员在你点完菜后不久就拿着你的食物过来，但是你在一家供应预制食物的餐馆用餐的最大标志是你的食物上桌的速度。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明抽象名词sign的内容，从句结构、意义完整，应用that引导，故填that。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：一顿给人新鲜烹制的点餐需要时间。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to order。 4．考查定语从句和连词。句意：不需要花太多时间的是加热预先做好的食物，就像快餐店经常做的那样。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是reheating pre-made food，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，有“正如，如同”之意，用关系代词as引导；此处也可使用连词like，表示“像……一样，如同”，故填as/like。 5．考查情态动词。句意：一份丰富的菜单意味着厨师必须手头上有所有的食材，这就很难保证新鲜和及时性。结合句意可知，此处指“厨师必须手头上有所有的食材”，使用情态动词must，故填must。 6．考查介词。句意：这可以是已经包装好的产品，也可以是提前准备好的饭菜，但无论哪种方式，他们都有了一个领先优势，你的食物质量可能会受到它的影响。range from…to…“从……到……变化”，固定搭配，故填to。 7．考查代词。句意同上。结合句意可知，此处指代前文“a head start”，表示单数意义，使用代词it指代，故填it。 8．考查现在进行时。句意：通常情况下，你就餐的场所是你的饭菜是预先做好的第一个标志。此处是省略关系代词的定语从句，表示“你正在用餐的场所”，从句使用现在进行时，主语是you，故填are dining。 9．考查宾语从句。句意：选择一家连锁餐厅就餐似乎是一个安全的选择，因为无论你在哪个城市，你都知道菜单上有什么，也知道它的味道。空处引导宾语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，指物，表示“它的味道是什么”，应用连接代词what引导，故填what。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：你满怀期待地等待着，一想到要切成一块多汁的牛排就热泪盈眶。空处作介词of的宾语，slice应用动名词形式，故填slicing。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·上海·期末）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. I was sure this was the worst day of my life. Being diagnosed with Type I diabetes felt almost like a death sentence. My life changed in an instant, and I was afraid 383 not being able to cope with a chronic (慢性的) disease and terrified that I would never get to be a normal child. Little did I know that this condition would later on allow me to give back to my community through my 384 (volunteer) initiatives and pursue a career where I could help others. The impact that my disease had on my family was profound. We all had to learn to adjust to a new reality. I knew that it was up to me to make this work, but I felt 385 (lose). After a few days, the initial shock 386 (replace) by denial, then came anger, and little by little, I later gained acceptance. By exercising determination and courage, I made a choice 387 (resist) letting it dictate who I was or what I could become. Meanwhile, I realized that some things in life are better dealt with by having a support system. With this in mind, I looked for positions where I 388 share my experience with others and listen to their own struggles. After getting involved in various initiatives, I decided to organize a support group for those 389 are dealing with difficult situations. The group was so successful 390 I was invited to other schools to talk about the difference we made in our members. We all have challenges in life. Looking back, 391 felt like a death sentence at first turned into a way of supporting others in my community. It 392 (prove) that the lessons we take from the setbacks we encounter can, in fact, be fundamental to later success. 【答案】 1．of 2．volunteering 3．lost 4．was replaced 5．to resist 6．could 7．who 8．that 9．what 10．proves 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者被诊断出1型糖尿病后，从恐惧到接受，通过组织互助小组帮助他人，认识到挫折带来的教训很重要。 1．考查介词。句意：我的生活在一瞬间改变了，我害怕无法应对这种慢性疾病，也害怕自己永远无法成为一个正常的孩子。这里考查be afraid of...，为固定搭配，意为“害怕……”，符合语境。故填of。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：我几乎不知道，这种状况后来会让我通过志愿者计划回馈社区，并追求一份可以帮助他人的职业。这里考查volunteering initiative，表“志愿服务倡议”，为固定搭配，用动词ing形式作定语修饰后面名词。故填volunteering。 3．考查形容词。句意：我知道这取决于我能否做到，但我感到迷茫。系动词felt后接形容词作表语，lost意为“迷茫的”，符合语境，故填lost。 4．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：几天后，最初的震惊被否认所取代，然后是愤怒，渐渐地，我后来接受了。此空考查谓语动词，shock与replace为被动关系，且动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态；主语shock为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。故填was replaced。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：通过锻炼决心和勇气，我选择不让它决定我是谁或我能成为什么。这里考查make a choice to do sth.，为固定搭配，意为“做出做某事的选择”，用不定式作后置定语。故填to resist。 6．考查情态动词。句意：考虑到这一点，我寻找那些可以与他人分享我的经历并倾听他们自己挣扎的职位。根据语境，此处表示“能够”，且主句为一般过去时，用could。故填could。 7．考查定语从句引导词。句意：在参与了各种计划后，我决定为那些正在应对困难处境的人组织一个支持小组。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为those（指人），在从句中作主语，常用关系代词who引导。故填who。 8．考查状语从句、固定句型。句意：这个小组非常成功，我被邀请到其他学校谈论我们对成员的影响。这里考查so...that...，为固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填that。 9．考查主语从句。句意：回首往事，起初感觉像是死刑判决的事情，后来变成了支持社区中其他人的一种方式。空处引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，指物，应用what引导。故填what。 10．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这证明，我们从所遇到的挫折中吸取的教训，实际上可能是后来成功的基础。此空考查谓语动词，这里考查It proves that，是一个常用句型，用于表达“这证明了……”，其中It作形式主语。这可理解为描述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语It为单数。故填proves。 Passage 3 （24-25高一下·上海静安·期末）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Gift Giving Is About the Buyer, Not the Receiver Many of us like to think we focus on the recipient’s needs when choosing a gift, but researchers find the process isn’t so simple. “The urge to give an unexpected, wow-worthy gift comes from the giver 1 (want) to show how much they know about the recipient and to get them something 2 surprises and delights them,” says Galak, a consumer psychologist. “It’s as much about what the giver wants 3 making the recipient happy.” One study found givers may skip “satisfaction-maximizing gifts” and choose to give “reaction-maximizing gifts” instead. Gifts express feelings toward others but also reflect how we see 396 Self-centered motives 4 (root) in many gift choices: Concert tickets can say I want to feel closer to you. 5 (choose) a custom artwork instead of something from the wedding registry can mean I want you to believe that I understand you better than anyone else. Sometimes, not buying a gift is a form of self-protection — we don’t want to feel like 6 we own is not good enough. “It isn’t about making you happy,” Galak explains. “It’s about making sure I don’t make myself 7 (badly) off. The goal is to avoid envy.” “These are not choices about the recipient anymore,” Galak says. “They help the giver take pride 8 the giving process.” He has also found that people sometimes purposely give gifts they don’t believe to be best, 9 he calls “selfish prosocial (亲社会的) behavior.” 【答案】 1．wanting 2．that/which 3．as 4．ourselves 5．are rooted 6．Choosing 7．what 8．look bad 9．in 10．which 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了送礼行为背后的心理动机。研究发现，送礼者在选择礼物时往往更关注自身需求而非接收者的喜好，如通过礼物展示对接收者的了解或避免自身负面情绪。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：消费心理学家加拉克（Galak）表示：“想要送出一份出人意料、令人惊叹的礼物，这种冲动源于送礼者想展示自己对收礼者的了解程度，以及为对方挑选一份能带来惊喜和愉悦的礼物。”空处需填非谓语动词形式，介词from后需接动名词形式，“the giver wanting to show...”为动名词复合结构，作from的宾语。故填wanting。 2．考查定语从句。句意：消费心理学家加拉克（Galak）表示：“想要送出一份出人意料、令人惊叹的礼物，这种冲动源于送礼者想展示自己对收礼者的了解程度，以及为对方挑选一份能带来惊喜和愉悦的礼物。”空处引导定语从句，先行词something，指物，在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 3．考查固定短语。句意：“这既关乎送礼者的需求，也关乎让收礼者开心。”固定搭配as much A as B表示“既A又B”或“与其说B不如说A”。故填as。 4．考查代词。句意：礼物不仅表达对他人的情感，也反映了我们如何看待自己。主语和宾语一致，需用反身代词ourselves。故填ourselves。 5．考查时态语态。句意：许多礼物选择中都根植着以自我为中心的动机：赠送音乐会门票可能意味着“我想与你更亲近”。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且陈述客观事实用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为motives，谓语用复数。故填are rooted。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：选择定制艺术品而非婚礼登记册上的物品，可能意味着“我想让你相信我比任何人都更懂你”。句子缺少主语，用动名词choosing作主语，表示“选择定制艺术品”这一行为，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Choosing。 7．考查宾语从句。句意：有时，不买礼物是一种自我保护——我们不想觉得自己拥有的东西不够好。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指物，故用what引导。故填what。 8．考查固定搭配。句意：加拉克解释道：“这不是为了让你开心，而是为了确保我不让自己显得糟糕，目标是避免嫉妒。”“make+宾语+动词原形”表示“使…… 做某事”，此处“make myself look bad”意为“使自己看起来糟糕”。故填look bad。 9．考查介词。句意：它们帮助送礼者在送礼过程中获得自豪感。take pride in意为“以……为骄傲”，为固定短语。故填in。 10．考查定语从句。句意：他还发现，人们有时会刻意赠送自己认为并非最佳的礼物，他将这种行为称为“自私的亲社会行为”。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前文整个句子，在定语从句中作宾语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 话题3 文学、艺术与体育 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·上海·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Entire Genres Were Defined by Him The 20th century was the era of film music, and the world lost one of that century’s true giants. 1 (ask) a dozen film composers to name their heroes and you’ll get many different answers, but I would confidently bet that one name will be on every single list. The name of a true, undeniable musical genius: Ennio Morricone. But Morricone, who died at 91, was more than a musical hero. He was an icon. What really set 2 apart were his absolutely unique sensibilities. His impact on cinema music’s culture was so strong 3 entire genres were defined by him. His 1960s compositions for Sergio Leone’s westerns, like The Good, the Bad and the Ugly, entered the popular culture so deeply that almost everyone knows their sound, even 4 being aware of it. And scores of Once Upon a Time in America redefined 5 truly emotional and purely evocative film music could aim for. His was the high mark. His work goes beyond the movies he 6 (compose) for and will be embedded deeply in the art of film music for as long as there is film. He will be missed, but his music will not be forgotten. His voice was so strong that any composer 7 would try to imitate him would fall under its spell. His genius was to invent his own language of film music, a language of his time, the 1960s and the 1970s, but 8 (build) on a strong classical background. His scores, shamelessly melodic, used an unknown and complex combination of instruments and sounds 9 (create) something absolutely unique that would immediately open your imagination beyond the movie. Morricone wrote scores like operas or symphonies, with passion, scope and intelligence. The way he could capture emotions, humor, suspense and nostalgia (怀旧) showed his extraordinary sense of narrative, 10 (make)him one of the finest Italian composers of the 20th century. 【答案】 1．Ask 2．him 3．that 4．without 5．what 6．composed 7．who 8．built 9．to create 10．making 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了20世纪电影音乐领域的巨匠恩尼奥・莫里康内（Ennio Morricone）及其深远影响。 1．考查祈使句。句意：问十几个电影作曲家他们心目中的英雄，你会得到许多不同的答案，但我敢肯定，每个名单上都会有一个名字。分析句子可知，这是一个“祈使句 + and +陈述句”的结构，祈使句要用动词原形开头，所以填Ask。故填Ask。 2．考查代词。句意：真正让他与众不同的是他绝对独特的情感。这里指代前面提到的Ennio Morricone，作set的宾语，所以用宾格 him。故填him。 3．考查结果状语从句。句意：他对电影音乐文化的影响是如此之大，以至于整个流派都是由他定义的。分析句子可知，“so...that...”是一个固定搭配，引导结果状语从句，表示“如此…… 以至于……”。故填that。 4．考查介词。句意：20 世纪 60 年代他为塞尔吉奥・莱昂内西部电影创作的作品，比如《黄金三镖客》，如此深入地融入流行文化，以至于几乎每个人都知道它们的旋律，甚至在没有意识到的情况下。根据句意可知，此处为介词without表示“没有”，满足句意要求。故填without。 5．考查宾语从句。句意：《美国往事》的配乐重新定义了真正的情感和纯粹唤起的电影音乐的目标。分析句子可知，设空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，意为“所能追求的东西”，用what引导。故填what。 6．考查动词时态。句意：他的作品超越了他为电影创作的范畴，只要有电影存在，他的作品就会深深嵌入电影音乐艺术中。这里描述过去他为电影作曲的动作，用一般过去时，compose的过去式是composed。故填composed。 7．考查定语从句。句意：他的声音非常有力，任何试图模仿他的作曲家都会被他的声音迷住。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是 any composer，指人，在从句中作主语，所以用who引导。故填who。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：他的天才之处在于创造了他自己的电影音乐语言，一种他那个时代的语言，一种20世纪60年代和70年代的语言，但建立在强大的古典背景之上。分析句子可知，这里是过去分词作后置定语，修饰 a language，a language和build之间是被动关系，所以用built，表示“建立在强大古典背景上的一种语言”。故填built。 9．考查动词不定式。句意：他的乐谱，恬不知味的旋律，使用未知和复杂的乐器和声音组合，创造出绝对独特的东西，会立即打开你的想象力超越电影。根据句意可知，此处为动词不定式to do表示“为了……”作目的状语，满足句意要求。故填to create。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：他捕捉情感、幽默、悬念和怀旧的方式显示了他非凡的叙事意识，使他成为20世纪最优秀的意大利作曲家之一。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作结果状语，make和逻辑主语前面整句话为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填making。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·上海·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. “Nezha 2: Return of the Demon Child” has been a huge hit since its release, attracting audiences with its 1 (thrill) plot and stunning visuals. The story 2 (begin) right after the events of the first movie. Nezha and Ao Bing, having survived the Heavenly Tribulation (天劫), are faced 3 a new challenge. Their physical forms are on the verge of disappearing, and they must find a way to save themselves. During their journey, Nezha and Ao Bing encounter various 4 (character) and obstacles (阻碍). They meet new friends 5 help them along the way, and also face powerful enemies who try to stop them. Nezha, with his 6 ( usual) courage and determination, never gives up. He is determined 7 (protect) his friends and change his fate. The movie not only shows 8 power of friendship and courage, but also explores deeper themes such as 9 (responsible) and the meaning of life. It makes the audience think about 10 they would do when faced with difficulties. With its amazing animation (动画制作) and meaningful story, “Nezha 2” has become a must-watch for both kids and adults. 【答案】 1．thrilling 2．begins 3．with 4．characters 5．who/that 6．unusual 7．to protect 8．the 9．responsibility 10．what 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《哪吒2》这部电影的主要故事情节。 1．考查形容词。句意：《哪吒2》自上映以来一直大受欢迎，以其惊险的情节和令人惊叹的视觉效果吸引了观众。此处需要一个形容词作定语来修饰名词plot，thrill是动词，空处表示“令人激动的情节”，应用其形容词thrilling。故填thrilling。 2．考查动词时态和语态。句意：故事开始于第一部电影的情节之后。空处为句子谓语，根据语境，这里描述电影的故事开始，是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语“The story”是第三人称单数，所以动词begin用第三人称单数形式begins。故填begins。 3．考查固定短语。句意：哪吒和敖丙，在天灾中幸存下来，面临着新的挑战。空处含义为“面临；面对”，英文为be faced with。故填with。 4．考查名词复数。句意：在旅途中，哪吒和敖丙遇到了各种各样的人物和障碍。空处为宾语，various表示“各种各样的”，后面接可数名词复数，character是可数名词，意为 “人物”，所以用复数形式characters。故填characters。 5．考查定语从句。句意：他们遇到了一路上帮助他们的新朋友，也面临着试图阻止他们的强大敌人。设空处引导限定性定语从句，修饰先行词friends，先行词指人，引导词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who/that。故填who/that。 6．考查形容词。句意：哪吒以他不同寻常的勇气和决心，永不放弃。空处应为形容词作定语，根据语境，哪吒有勇气和决心，这种勇气和决心应该是“不寻常的”，usual是形容词“通常的”，其反义词unusual表示“不寻常的”，符合文意。故填unusual。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：他决心保护他的朋友，改变自己的命运。“决心做某事”应为be determined to do st，所以空处应为动词不定式形式。故填to protect。 8．考查冠词。句意：这部电影不仅展示了友谊和勇气的力量，还探讨了诸如责任和生命意义等更深层次的主题。根据句意，空处含义为“友谊和勇气的力量”，表特指，应填定冠词the。故填the。 9．考查名词。句意：这部电影不仅展示了友谊和勇气的力量，还探讨了诸如责任和生命意义等更深层次的主题。由空后的“and the meaning of life”可知，此处也应为名词形式，构成并列结构。故填responsibility。 10．考查宾语从句。句意：它让观众思考当面对困难时他们会做什么。设空处引导宾语从句，从句中do缺少宾语，且结合语境，这里表示“当面对困难时会做什么”，所以用连接代词what引导宾语从句。故填what。 Passage 3 （23-24高一下·上海·期中）语法填空 007 in the Kitchen As a man who cheerfully sing in the shower without any embarrassment, I won’t feel shameful to admit that I also love playing loud music when cooking in the kitchen. But 1 might make things a tiny little bit awkward is the type of music I play, and consequently the feelings I derive (获得) from it. One of 2 all-time favourites is the James Bond Theme. Immersed (沉浸) in the tension it creates while chopping veggies into small pieces, I always find it impossible 3 (not picture) myself as a well-trained special agent with license to kill. And all of a sudden moving to the music without missing 4 beat seems to have a lot to do with national security. As the music plays, the killer instinct in my blood is unleashed (被释放), which makes 5 (fry) a piece of bloody steak as easy as taking candy from a diabetic (糖尿病的)man who no longer wishes to eat candy. All I need to do is to act promptly without mercy. However, there will be other times when the success of the whole mission counts on whether I 6 remove the bones from the fish. Believe it or not, the complexity of this process is no 7 (great) than that of defusing (拆除)a time bomb. So in this scenario, 8 giving in to the music easily, I must constantly and consciously control myself so as not to be carried away. After all, a fish-bone 9 (catch) in the throat is as uncomfortable as it can be. Of course, in the end, 10 impossible the mission seems, like the plot of every Hollywood spy movie, the cook can always save the day. 【答案】 1．what 2．my 3．not to picture 4．a 5．frying 6．can 7．less greater 8．despite 9．caught 10．however 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，说明了作者喜欢在烹饪时播放特殊音乐的爱好和感受。 1．考查名词性从句。句意：但可能会让事情变得有点尴尬的是我播放的音乐类型，以及由此产生的感受。分析句子可知，　　　might make things a tiny little bit awkward部分为主语从句，从句部分缺少主语，由连接代词what引导主语从句。故填what。 2．考查代词。句意：我一直最喜欢的是《詹姆斯·邦德》主题曲。空处限定all-time favourites可知，此处表示“我的”用形容词性物主代词my。故填my。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：当我把蔬菜切成小块的时候，沉浸在紧张的气氛中，我总是发现自己不可能不把自己想象成一个训练有素、有杀人执照的特工。find it+adj+to do意思为：发现做某事是……的。it为形式宾语，空处为真正宾语，用not to picture，为不定式的否定形式。双重否定加强语气。故填not to picture。 4．考查冠词。句意：突然之间，不漏一拍就跟着音乐走似乎和国家安全有很大关系。beat节拍，此处为泛指，且beat以辅音音素开始发音，不定冠词用a。故填a。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着音乐的播放，我血液里的杀手本能被释放出来，这使得煎一块带血的牛排就像从一个不想再吃糖的糖尿病人那里拿走糖果一样容易。空处作定语从句中动词makes的宾语，用动名词。故填frying。 6．考查情态动词。句意：然而，有时整个任务的成功与否取决于我是否能从鱼身上取出骨头。根据when the success of the whole mission counts on可知，任务的成功否取决于是否能够从鱼身上取出骨头，此处缺少情态动词can，表示能力。故填can。 7．考查形容词的比较级。句意：信不信由你，这个过程的复杂性不亚于拆除一颗定时炸弹。结合上一句句意可知，从鱼身上去骨头是有难度的，且这个难度不亚于拆除定时炸弹，空处后面有than，此处用比较级less greater。故填less greater。 8．考查介词。句意：所以在这种情况下，尽管我很容易屈服于音乐，但我必须不断有意识地控制自己，以免被音乐冲昏头脑。空处缺少介词，结合句意，空处引导让步状语，用despite。故填despite。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：毕竟，鱼刺卡在喉咙里是很不舒服的。空处修饰bone作定语，bone与catch为被动关系，用过去分词。故填caught。 10．考查让步状语从句。句意：当然，最后，无论任务看起来多么不可能，就像每一部好莱坞间谍电影的情节一样，厨师总能挽救局面。impossible为形容词，空处缺少连词引导状语从句，结合句意，此处为“疑问词+ever”引导的让步状语从句，与形容词搭配，表示“无论多么”用however。故填however。 话题4 历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·上海·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks. use one word that best fits each blank. A few days ago, I broke a long-cherished habit and turned off the BBC News at 10 p.m. after watching just a few headlines. Instead, I was starting to flick through channels for something that would make me smile, like a comedy show or anything about dogs. News of suffering in war zones followed by reports from yet another seemingly tricky conflict 1 (turn) me into a news avoider. News avoidance around the world is growing. Researchers at Oxford University heard from respondents that the news is either too “depressing” or “boring” for them, with 39% 2 (admit) that they sometimes, or often, actively avoided the news. That’s 3 increase from 29% in 2018. For some, news overload is to blame. The few 4 (select) updates from the past have been replaced by rolling news alerts and notifications. They often seem to be about problems without solutions, like wars in the Middle East or the climate crisis. More and more people 5 (seek) to protect their mental health by avoiding these stories. Instead, they are turning to content on social media. 6 , a far larger group, tell researchers that the news is no longer for people like them. Many of them used to keep their televisions on after their favorite show and catch the 6 o’clock news. Now the ability 7 (stream) entertainment cuts off this avenue (渠道) for awareness 8 the tabloids (小报) used to be so popular in the UK, they now have fewer readers-more and more people globally are becoming “news outsiders” or even “unnewsed.” Despite innovations in journalism, it feels 9 our news consumption has been reduced by an algorithmic race to the bottom of digital distraction (干扰). Opinion and entertainment simply provide bigger dopamine hits than straight facts. Many of the new offerings, such as Substack posts, are also behind paywalls. This can lead to even greater fears of the divide between the information haves and have-nots. In a world 10 we live with uncertainty and a sense of powerlessness, accurate, fact-based news has never been more important. Find time to get into new news habits. I’m planning to. 【答案】 1．has turned 2．admitting 3．an 4．selected 5．are seeking 6．However 7．to stream 8．Although/Though/While 9．that 10．where 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了全球范围内新闻回避现象日益增多的情况，分析了其原因，并强调了准确、基于事实的新闻的重要性。 1．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：战区的苦难新闻，接着又是另一场看似棘手的冲突报道，让我成了一个回避新闻的人。turn(使变成)是谓语动词，结合语境可知，描述过去的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时态，主语news是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填has turned。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：牛津大学的研究人员从受访者那里了解到，新闻对他们来说要么太“令人沮丧”，要么太“无聊”，39%的人承认他们有时，或者经常，会主动回避新闻。admit(承认)是with复合结构中宾语补足语，用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语“39%”之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填admitting。 3．考查冠词。句意：这比2018年的29%有所增加。可数名词increase在句中泛指“一个增长”，且increase发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 4．考查形容词。句意：过去少数精选的新闻更新已经被滚动的新闻警报和通知所取代。提示词修饰名词updates，用形容词selected作定语，意为“精选的”。故填selected。 5．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：越来越多的人试图通过回避这些报道来保护自己的心理健康。 seek(谋求)是谓语动词，根据语境可知，描述现在正在发生的动作，用现在进行时态，主语是More and more people，复数，be动词用are。故填are seeking。 6．考查副词。句意：然而，一个更大的群体告诉研究人员，新闻不再是为像他们这样的人准备的。上文讲有些人是因为新闻过载而回避新闻，此处讲更大群体回避新闻的原因是新闻不再适合他们，前后是转折关系，且空格后有逗号，用副词however，句首单词首字母大写。故填However。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，流媒体娱乐的能力切断了这种了解新闻的途径。“(stream) entertainment”是后置定语，修饰名词ability，其后常用不定式作后置定语，表示“……的能力”。故填to stream。 8．考查连词。句意：尽管小报过去在英国很受欢迎，但现在读者越来越少——全球越来越多的人正成为“新闻局外人”，甚至是“不了解新闻的人”。根据语境可知，前后是让步关系，用连词although/though/while引导让步状语从句，句首单词首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。 9．考查固定句型。句意：尽管新闻业不断创新，但我们的新闻消费似乎已被一场追逐流量至底的算法竞赛所削弱，深陷数字分心的泥潭。“our news consumption has been reduced by an algorithmic race to the bottom of digital distraction (干扰)”是表语从句，从句句意完整，不缺成分，用连词that引导。故填that。 10．考查定语从句。句意：在一个我们生活在不确定性和无力感中的世界里，准确、基于事实的新闻从未如此重要。“_____ we live with uncertainty and a sense of powerlessness”是定语从句，修饰先行词a world，关系词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·上海静安·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. In the era of globalization, the world has become a closely-knit community. Multinational companies are constantly expanding 1 reach. Take Starbucks as an example. It has managed to integrate into different cultures 2 maintaining its brand identity. Starbucks entered China in 1999. At first, it 3 (face) challenges as Chinese people had a long-standing tea-drinking culture. However, instead of 4 (force) its Western coffee-drinking model, the company adapted to local preferences. It introduced new beverage options like green tea-based drinks, 5 catered to the Chinese tastes. This localization strategy not only satisfied local tastes but also helped the brand gain a 6 (deep) understanding of the local market. Moreover, Starbucks has been actively involved in community-building initiatives. It has opened stores in areas that are undergoing urban renewal. These stores serve as gathering places, where people from different backgrounds can communicate, thus promoting cross-cultural exchange. Additionally, the company has been committed to sustainable sourcing of coffee beans. By working directly with coffee farmers in various countries, Starbucks ensures the quality of its products and at the same time supports the livelihoods of small-scale farmers. This global-local approach has made Starbucks a successful example in the process of globalization. It shows 7 in the global market, companies need to be flexible and responsible to succeed. The success of Starbucks also has an impact on the local coffee-related industries. Local coffee shops have been inspired by its business model and service standards. Some local entrepreneurs have started their own coffee ventures and tried to combine local flavors with modern coffee-making techniques. This has led 8 a growth in the domestic coffee market, creating more job opportunities and contributing to the overall economic development. 9 globalization brings many benefits in the field, it also poses challenges. For example, local coffee shops may face fierce competition from international chains like Starbucks. They need to find their unique selling points and continuously innovate 10 (survive) in the market. One of the keys to their success actually lies in how they can better understand and meet the local customers’ needs. 【答案】 1．their 2．while 3．faced 4．forcing 5．which 6．deeper 7．that 8．to 9．Although/Though/While 10．to survive 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了星巴克公司是如何成功地融入了不同的文化，同时保持了自己的品牌形象。 1．考查代词。句意：跨国公司不断扩大他们的影响力。此处为短语expand one’s reach表示“扩大影响力”，主语为companies，代词用their。故填their。 2．考查状语从句的省略。句意：它在保持了自己的品牌形象的时候，成功地融入了不同的文化。引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”用while，此处省略从句主语和be动词。故填while。 3．考查时态。句意：起初，它面临着挑战，因为中国人有着悠久的饮茶文化。根据上文Starbucks entered China in 1999.及At first可知发生在过去，为一般过去时。故填faced。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，该公司并没有强制推行西方的咖啡饮用模式，而是根据当地的偏好进行了调整。作介词的宾语，用动名词形式。故填forcing。 5．考查定语从句。句意：它推出了新的饮料选择，如绿茶饮料，以迎合中国人的口味。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词new beverage options，在从句作主语，指物。故填which。 6．考查比较级。句意：这种本土化策略不仅满足了当地人的口味，也帮助品牌对当地市场有了更深入的了解。此处表示“更深的”用比较级，形容词作定语。故填deeper。 7．考查宾语从句。句意：这表明，在全球市场上，企业需要灵活和负责任才能成功。引导宾语从句，从句不缺少成分或句意，故用that。故填that。 8．考查介词。句意：这导致了国内咖啡市场的增长，创造了更多的就业机会，并促进了整体经济的发展。短语lead to表示“导致”。故填to。 9．考查状语从句。句意：尽管全球化给该领域带来了许多好处，但也带来了挑战。引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”可用although、though或while，首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们需要找到自己独特的卖点，不断创新才能在市场中生存。此处survive作目的状语，用不定式。故填to survive。 Passage 3 （24-25高一下·上海·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Hemingway’s Art of Omission (省略) Ernest Hemingway, celebrated for his plain prose, believed that profound truths hide beneath simplicity. 1 (grow) up in Illinois, he developed a love for outdoor adventures — experiences 2 later provided raw material for his war novels. When World War I broke out, Hemingway, rejected by the army 3 poor eyesight, volunteered as an ambulance driver. This decision marked the beginning of his lifelong fascination with exploring human courage in extreme conditions. A Farewell to Arms, published in 1929, remains one of literature’s 4 (moving) anti-war statements. Central to his writing was the “iceberg theory” — the idea 5 omitting unnecessary details allows readers to perceive deeper meanings. In The Old Man and the Sea, Santiago’s battle with the marlin becomes a universal metaphor for perseverance. What astonished critics was how Hemingway managed 6 (convey) existential despair through deceptively simple dialogues. Hemingway’s personal life, however, was anything but peaceful. Married four times, he struggled with depression, yet his characters, 7 often faced hardship with steady determination, showed great strength and bravery. The writer once compared crafting fiction to bullfighting: “It’s not about describing every drop of blood, but making readers feel the horn’s shadow.” This principle explains why his stories, 8 (write) in simple language, strike emotional chords. Today, as AI attempts to imitate his style, we 9 (remind) that Hemingway’s true legacy lies not in what he wrote, 10 in what he dared to leave unsaid — a testament to the power of disciplined silence. 【答案】 1．Growing 2．that/which 3．due to 4．most moving 5．that 6．to convey 7．who 8．written 9．are reminded 10．but 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国著名作家Ernest Hemingway的创作理念、个人经历及其作品特色，同时探讨了他在文学史上的独特地位与深远影响 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：他在伊利诺伊州长大，对户外探险产生了热爱，这些经历后来为他的战争小说提供了素材。句中谓语是developed，空格处用非谓语动词，he和grow之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Growing。 2．考查定语从句。句意：他在伊利诺伊州长大，对户外探险产生了热爱，这些经历后来为他的战争小说提供了素材。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词是experiences，指物，因此空格处用关系代词that或which，故填that或which。 3．考查介词短语。句意：第一次世界大战爆发时，海明威因视力不佳而被军队拒绝，自愿成为一名救护车司机。由“poor eyesight”可知，句子表示“第一次世界大战爆发时，海明威因视力不佳而被军队拒绝”，空格处意为“因为”，是介词短语due to，故填due to。 4．考查形容词最高级。句意：《永别了，武器》出版于1929年，至今仍是文学作品中最动人的反战宣言之一。根据语境可知，句子表示“《永别了，武器》出版于1929年，至今仍是文学作品中最动人的反战宣言之一”，空格处用最高级most moving。故填most moving。 5．考查同位语从句。句意：他写作的核心是“冰山理论”——省略不必要的细节可以让读者理解更深层次的含义。空格处引导的是同位语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此用that引导同位语从句，故填that。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：令评论家惊讶的是海明威如何通过看似简单的对话来传达存在主义的绝望。manage to do sth.是固定短语，意为“设法做成某事”，因此空格处用不定式to convey。故填to convey。 7．考查定语从句。句意：他结过四次婚，与抑郁症作斗争，但他笔下的人物却经常以坚定的决心面对困难，表现出巨大的力量和勇气。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词是characters，指人，因此空格处用关系代词who，故填who。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：这个原则解释了为什么他的故事，用简单的语言写的，触动情感的心弦。why引导的宾语从句中谓语是strike，空格处用非谓语动词，stories和write之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故填written。 9．考查动词语态。句意：今天，当人工智能试图模仿他的风格时，我们被提醒，海明威真正的遗产不在于他写了什么，而在于他敢于留下的东西——这是有纪律的沉默的力量的证明。我们是被提醒，由Today可知，句子时态是一般现在时，因此空格处用一般现在时的被动语态，主语we是复数，因此空格处是are reminded。故填are reminded。 10．考查固定搭配。句意：今天，当人工智能试图模仿他的风格时，我们被提醒，海明威真正的遗产不在于他写了什么，而在于他敢于留下的东西——这是有纪律的沉默的力量的证明。not...but...是固定搭配，意为“不是……而是……”，因此空格处用but，故填but。 话题5 科学与技术 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·上海杨浦·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. SpaceX’s Starship sees the company get closer to its reusable rocket dream On Oct 13, 2024, the US-based space tech company SpaceX successfully completed its fifth test flight of Starship, a powerful rocket, in Texas, US. This brought the company one step closer to its goal of creating reusable rockets, reported AFP. The giant rocket is 12-meter-tall and it 1 (consist) of two parts, the Starship spacecraft at the top and the Super Heavy rocket 2 (attach) below. Around seven minutes after launch, the two separated about 70 kilometers above the ground. The rocket’s booster flew back and gradually adjusted 3 into a standing position. Then, it began to fall, as two large mechanical arms extended from the launch tower. Like a pair of chopsticks, they “caught” the 71-meter-tall booster and brought it down to a gentle stop. Later on, the spacecraft landed in the Indian Ocean as planned. SpaceX said on its website that its engineers “spent years preparing and months testing for the booster catch attempt”. During the test, teams kept checking to ensure both the booster and the tower fit “thousands” of standards 4 any attempt to return the booster was made. Had the conditions not been satisfied, it would have been redirected for a splashdown in the Gulf of Mexico, as in previous tests. SpaceX was founded in 2002 with the ultimate goal of helping humans settle on the moon, Mars and beyond. The company has grown rapidly into a leader in the space industry thanks to its strategy of “fail fast, learn fast”. The Starship’s first few test flights failed due to problems 5 explosions or a loss of contact. SpaceX sees failures as opportunities to gather data and speed up the creation of better systems than its competitors, 6 differs from the traditional approach of identifying and planning for potential problems before a launch, 7 practiced by organizations like NASA, which can be 8 (slow), according to The Conversation. For example, NASA’s Space Launch System-the rocket designed to take astronauts to the moon as part of the Artemis program-took over 10 years 9 (develop) before its first launch. Starship represents an advancement over SpaceX’s earlier reusable model, Falcon 9, as Starship’s reusable rockets 10 now have their tanks refilled after a quick check and get ready for the next flight again. “Starship is designed to achieve reflight of its rocket booster ultimately within an hour after liftoff,” Elon Musk said on X. 【答案】 1．consists 2．attached 3．itself 4．before 5．such as 6．which 7．as 8．slower 9．to develop 10．can 【导语】这是一篇说明文，介绍了SpaceX公司Starship项目第五次测试飞行的成功以及SpaceX在可重复使用火箭技术方面的进展。 1．考查一般现在时。句意：这枚巨大的火箭高12米，由两部分组成，顶部是Starship飞船，下面是Super Heavy火箭。consist在句中充当谓语，根据句意，这里描述的是客观事实，需用一般现在时。故填consists。 2．考查过去分词形式作后置定语。句意：这枚巨大的火箭高12米，由两部分组成，顶部是Starship飞船，下面是Super Heavy火箭。句子已经存在谓语consist，所以attach需要转为非谓语动词；它与Super Heavy rocket之间是被动关系，需用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填attached。 3．考查反身代词。句意：火箭的助推器飞回并逐渐调整到直立位置。结合句意，助推器会调整自身状态，直到直立状态，这里考查短语adjust oneself into...，空格中应该填入反身代词itself，代指助推器自身。故填itself。 4．考查连词。句意：在测试过程中，团队一直在检查以确保助推器和发射塔符合“数千条”标准，然后才尝试返回助推器。根据句意，这里表示“在助推器返回前”就应该检查各种标准，故填before。 5．考查介词短语。句意：Starship的前几次测试飞行失败是由于爆炸或失去联系等问题。根据横线后的explosions or a loss of contact判断，这里在举例描述问题是什么，应该使用such as。故填such as。 6．考查定语从句。句意：SpaceX将失败视为收集数据和加速创建比竞争对手更好的系统的机会，这与传统的在发射前识别和规划潜在问题的方法不同，这种方法由像NASA这样的组织实践，可能会比较缓慢，根据The Conversation的报道。这里是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是横线前的句子，关系词在从句中充当主语，应该使用which引导从句。故填which。 7．考查连词。句意：SpaceX将失败视为收集数据和加速创建比竞争对手更好的系统的机会，这与传统的在发射前识别和规划潜在问题的方法不同，这种方法由像NASA这样的组织实践，可能会比较缓慢，根据The Conversation的报道。结合句意，这里表示“正如NASA实践的方法那样”，应该使用as。故填as。 8．考查形容词比较级。句意：SpaceX将失败视为收集数据和加速创建比竞争对手更好的系统的机会，这与传统的在发射前识别和规划潜在问题的方法不同，这种方法由像NASA这样的组织实践，可能会比较缓慢，根据The Conversation的报道。根据句意，表示传统方法是“比较缓慢的”，需用slower。故填slower。 9．考查固定句型。句意：例如，NASA的太空发射系统——作为阿尔忒弥斯计划的一部分，用于将宇航员送往月球的火箭——在首次发射前花了超过10年的时间来开发。这里考查固定句型“take time to do”，意思是“花费……做……”。故填to develop。 10．考查情态动词。句意：Starship代表了SpaceX早期可重复使用模型Falcon 9的进步，因为Starship的可重复使用火箭现在可以在快速检查后重新加油，并准备好再次飞行。根据句意，这里表示Starship现在具备了新的能力，根据句子结构，使用情态动词can和动词原形构成复合谓语。故填can。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·上海浦东新·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Is Butter Bad For You? Butter is having a moment. In 2024 American consumption per person hit its highest in almost 60 years. But a new scientific study reports that butter-eating 1 (associate) with an early death. So is butter really bad for you? Reaching an answer involves understanding that not all fats are alike. At a chemical level, fats can be thought of 2 chains of carbon atoms; some are saturated, meaning every carbon atom clings to two hydrogen atoms, and others are unsaturated (不饱和的), meaning some carbon atoms bond to only one of hydrogen. Those structural differences can dramatically affect 3 those fats interact with the body. Saturated fats, for example, raise levels of cholesterol, a fatty molecule that gathers in arteries and can contribute to cardiovascular disease. They do this, in part, by partially disabling receptors in the liver which cause excess cholesterol 4 (extract) from the bloodstream and dumped into bile. Unsaturated fats, by contrast, actively reduce the levels of cholesterol by activating these same liver receptors. Most of the fat in butter is of the saturated variety. It, therefore, stands to reason that butter should have a negative effect on heart health. Indeed, randomised-controlled studies offer good evidence 5 replacing butter with plant-based oil can reduce cholesterol. There is more bad news for butter-lovers. The new study, published on March 6th, rely on data from three long-run trials of American medical professionals. For almost 33 years 220,000nurses and doctors 6 (survey) regularly about their lifestyle, diet and health. The authors found that those people who ate the most butter(averaging around one tablespoon per day) were 15% 7 (likely) to have died during the course of the study than those who avoided the stuff. By contrast, people who consumed the most plant-based oils, such as canola, soybean or olive oil — all 8 have low levels of saturated fat — were 16% less likely to die than those who consumed the least. 9 the study could not show that butter increased the risk of dying from cardiovascular diseases, consuming more plant-based oils did lower that particular risk. The authors found that 10 (replace) ten grams of butter daily with the same amount of plant-based oil appeared to reduce the cancer mortality risk by 17%. 【答案】 1．is associated 2．as 3．how 4．to be extracted 5．that 6．have been surveyed 7．more likely 8．of which 9．Although/Though/While 10．replacing 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了黄油对人体是否有害的问题。 1．考查固定短语和主谓一致。句意：但一项新的科学研究报告称，吃黄油与早逝有关。“be associated with”是固定短语，意为“与…… 有关联”，这里描述的是一般性情况，主语“butter-eating”是动名词作主语，视为单数，故填is associated。 2．考查固定短语。句意：在化学层面上，脂肪可以被认为是碳原子链。“think of...as...”是固定短语，意为“把……看作……”，故填as。 3．考查宾语从句。句意：这些结构上的差异会极大地影响脂肪如何与身体的相互作用。 空处为“affect”的宾语从句，从句中结构完整，根据语境，这里表示“如何”，应用“how”引导宾语从句。故填how。 4．考查不定式的被动语态。 句意：他们这样做的部分原因是，部分地使肝脏中的受体丧失功能，导致过量的胆固醇从血液中被提取出来并倾倒到胆汁中。“cause sth. to be done”是固定用法，意为“使某事被做”，“cholesterol”和“extract”之间是被动关系，故填to be extracted。 5．考查同位语从句。句意：事实上，随机对照研究提供了很好的证据，用植物油代替黄油可以降低胆固醇。“evidence”后是一个同位语从句，解释说明“evidence”的内容，从句结构和意义完整，所以用“that”引导同位语从句。故填that。 6．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：33年来，22万名护士和医生对他们的生活方式、饮食和健康状况进行了定期调查。设空处为谓语，根据For almost 33 years应用现在完成时，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，主语220,000nurses and doctors是复数，助动词用have，have been surveyed。 7．考查比较级。句意：研究人员发现，在研究过程中，那些吃黄油最多的人（平均每天大约一汤匙）比那些不吃黄油的人死亡的可能性高15%。 根据“than”可知，这里用比较级，“likely”的比较级是“more likely”，表示“更有可能”。故填more likely。 8．考查定语从句。句意：相比之下，食用植物油最多的人，如菜籽油、大豆油或橄榄油——它们的饱和脂肪含量都很低——死亡的可能性比食用黄油最少的人低16%。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“plant-based oils”，指物，应用which，和all是所属关系，应借助于介词of。故填of which。 9．考查连词。句意：虽然这项研究不能证明黄油会增加死于心血管疾病的风险，但食用更多的植物油确实会降低这种风险。根据前后句的逻辑关系，这里表示“尽管这项研究不能表明黄油会增加死于心血管疾病的风险，但食用更多的植物油确实降低了这种、风险”，所以用 “although/though/while”引导让步状语从句，句首单词首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。 10．考查动名词。句意：作者发现，每天用相同数量的植物油代替10克黄油，似乎可以将癌症死亡风险降低17%。设空处是主语，描述一般性行为，所以用动名词“replacing”。故填replacing。 Passage 3 （24-25高一下·上海浦东新·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Night owls’ cognitive function superior to early risers For decades, the idea that early risers are more productive and have a 1 (high) cognitive (认知的) function than night owls has been widely accepted. However, a new study suggests that night owls 2 actually have a better cognitive function compared to early morning risers. The study, 3 (conduct) in the journal Sleep, found that individuals who naturally go to bed later and sleep in later in the morning have a higher level of cognitive flexibility and attentional control. Researchers at the University of Toronto carried out a series of experiments 4 (test) the cognitive abilities of 100 individuals, with half being classified 5 night owls and the other half as morning larks. Participants 6 (give) a series of cognitive tests, including tasks that required attention, problem-solving, and memory recall. The study found that night owls outperformed early risers in tasks 7 required flexibility and adaptability. Night owls were also better at finding out irrelevant information and 8 (focus) on relevant cues. Night owls also showed more creativity and open-mindedness, 9 (make) them good at jobs that need innovation and problem-solving. These findings may help to explain 10 many successful businessmen, innovators, and artists are often night owls. In contrast, early risers were better at routine tasks and following procedures, which is useful in jobs like customer service. The study’s findings suggest that owing to the small sample size, more research is needed to confirm these findings. But it is noted that the night owls may have 11 advantage in certain areas of cognitive function. As the study’s authors suggest, “night owls may be more likely to thrive in careers that require creativity, innovation, and adaptability, 12 early risers may excel in careers that require repetition and routine. ” 【答案】 1．higher 2．may 3．conducted 4．to test 5．as 6．were given 7．that/which 8．focusing 9．making 10．why 11．an 12．while 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了关于夜猫子和早起者认知能力差异的研究发现。 1．考查形容词。句意：几十年来，早起的人比夜猫子效率更高、认知功能更强的观点被广泛接受。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据后文than可知，用比较级形式。故填higher。 2．考查情态动词。句意：然而，一项新的研究表明，夜猫子实际上可能比早起的人有更好的认知功能。空后是动词原形，且空处没有提示词，所以空处应填情态动词，根据句意，此处表推测“可能”之意，用情态动词may。故填may。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：这项发表在《睡眠》杂志上的研究发现，那些自然入睡时间较晚、早晨起床也较晚的人，其认知灵活性和注意力控制能力更强。本句已有谓语动词found，所以conduct用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语The study之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填conducted。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：多伦多大学的研究人员进行了一系列实验，测试了100个人的认知能力，其中一半被归类为夜猫子，另一半被归类为早起的人。句已有谓语动词carried out，所以test用非谓语形式，根据句意，此处表目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to test。 5．考查介词。句意：多伦多大学的研究人员进行了一系列实验，测试了100个人的认知能力，其中一半被归类为夜猫子，另一半被归类为早起的人。此处是固定搭配：classify as意为“归类为”。故填as。 6．考查动词时态和语态。句意：参与者接受了一系列认知测试，包括需要注意力、解决问题和回忆的任务。give作本句谓语，和主语Participants之间是被动关系，用被动语态，描述已发生的事，用一般过去时，主语为复数。故填were given。 7．考查定语从句。句意：研究发现，夜猫子在需要灵活性和适应性的任务中表现得比早起的人要好。空处引导定语从句，先行词是tasks，在从句中作主语，用that或者which引导。故填that/which。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：夜猫子也更善于发现无关信息，专注于相关线索。根据and可知，空处和前文的finding并列，应填动名词形式作宾语。故填focusing。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：夜猫子也表现出更多的创造力和开放的思想，使他们擅长需要创新和解决问题的工作。本句已有谓语动词showed，所以make用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语creativity and open-mindedness之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填making。 10．考查宾语从句。句意：这些发现可能有助于解释为什么许多成功的商人、创新者和艺术家往往是夜猫子。空处引导宾语从句，从句结构完整，用连接副词引导，根据句意，表达“为什么”之意，用why引导。故填why。 11．考查冠词。句意：但值得注意的是，夜猫子可能在某些认知功能领域具有优势。此处是固定搭配：have an advantage in意为“在...方面具有优势”。故填an。 12．考查连词。句意：正如该研究的作者所指出的那样，“夜猫子更有可能在需要创造力、创新和适应能力的职业中茁壮成长，而早起的人可能在需要重复和常规的职业中表现出色。”根据句意可知，空处应填并列连词，表达“然而”之意，用while。故填while。 话题6人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·上海·期中）Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct. Make a difference to the environment It is often hard to determine whether the food we eat is eco-friendly or not. However, it is clear that some types of food have a 1 (big) environmental impact than others. What can we do in our everyday lives to make 2 difference? Firstly, we should avoid food that has travelled a long way. Food transport is a big source of CO₂, 3 causes global warming. In other words, it is best to eat food that 4 (produce) by the local people. Secondly, 5 the fast food is very convenient, we should eat less fast food for the environment. Recently, fast food has become very popular, but 6 is unfortunately very bad for the environment. Most takeaway containers will probably end up in the rubbish dump. However, we can encourage restaurants 7 (use) recycled materials to pack their meals. Thirdly, we should avoid those types of food 8 (cause) huge environmental stress. For example, now rain forests around the world are being burned down to make room for cattle farms. To protect the rainforest, we 9 eat less beef and avoid food that contains palm oil. Pollution and climate change are global problems, so we all need to work together. The good news is that every little bit counts. By using our resources 10 a more efficient way, we can save a lot of money at the same time as we save the environment. 【答案】 1．bigger 2．a 3．which 4．is produced 5．although/though/while 6．it 7．to use 8．causing 9．should 10．in 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了食物对环境的影响，并提出了一些在日常生活中可以采取的环保措施，如避免食用运输距离长的食物、少吃快餐、避免食用对环境压力大的食物等，强调每个人小小的行动都对保护环境有意义。 1．考查形容词比较级。句意：然而，很明显，某些食物对环境的影响比其他食物更大。由后文 “than others”可知，此处应用big的比较级 bigger，表示“更大的”，修饰“environmental impact”。故填bigger。 2．考查固定短语。句意：在日常生活中，我们能做些什么来改变世界呢？此处为固定短语“make a difference”，意为“有影响；起作用”。故填a。 3．考查定语从句。句意：食品运输是导致全球变暖的二氧化碳的主要来源。分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“CO₂”， 先行词CO₂在从句中作主语，所以为关系代词which引导。故填which。 4．考查动词时态和语态。句意：换句话说，最好吃当地人生产的食物。分析句子可知，“that ____ (produce) by the local people” 是定语从句修饰 “food”，food与 produce之间是被动关系，且句子描述的是一般情况，故用一般现在时的被动语态 is produced。故填is produced。 5．考查让步状语从句。句意：其次，虽然快餐很方便，但是为了环境我们应该少吃快餐。根据句意可知，前后句之间是让步关系，意为“尽管快餐很方便，但为了环境我们应该少吃快餐”，所以此处为连词although/though/while表示“尽管”引导让步状语从句。故填although/though/while。 6．考查代词。句意：最近，快餐已经变得非常流行，但不幸的是，它对环境非常不利。分析句子可知，这里用it指代前面提到的“fast food”，在句子中作主语。故填it。 7．考查动词不定式。句意：然而，我们可以鼓励餐馆使用可回收材料来包装他们的饭菜。“encourage sb. to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，所以此处动词不定式形式。故填to use。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：第三，我们应该避免那些对环境造成巨大压力的食物。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰“those types of food”，food与 cause之间是主动关系，故用现在分词causing。故填causing。 9．考查情态动词。句意：为了保护雨林，我们应该少吃牛肉，避免含有棕榈油的食物。根据语境，为了保护雨林，我们“应该”少吃牛肉，用情态动词should 表示“应该”，提出建议。故填should。 10．考查固定短语。句意：通过更有效地利用我们的资源，我们可以在拯救环境的同时节省很多钱。“in a...way”是固定搭配，意为“以一种…… 的方式”。故填in。 Passage 2 （23-24高一下·上海嘉定·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Repair Café When things around the house stop working, what do you usually do with them? If you're 1 a lot of people, you probably just throw them away. This tendency has led to the modern nickname: the throwaway culture. There are many reasons for this trend. In some areas 2 it's difficult to find people who can make repairs, fixing things can be quite expensive. Also, some small appliances are so inexpensive that it's often much 3 (easy) to just buy a new one. In 2009, Martine Postma from the Netherlands decided there must be a better way. Her solution was Repair Cafés: places where people can take damaged or 4 (tear) items. There they will find tools, resources and volunteer experts who are willing to help with repairs. Postma's first Repair Café opened on Oct. 18, 2009, in Amsterdam, and was a huge success. News of the café spread, and people began asking 5 they could start their own. In 2011, Postma established the Repair Café Foundation. This nonprofit organization provides guidance to those hoping to begin their own neighborhood repair group. Today, there are roughly 2,000 Repair Cafés around the world with meetings typically 6 (occur) once a month. Around 25 objects per session are repaired. 7 is free, but donations are greatly appreciated. Not only do the cafés provide help with repairs, they also strengthen community ties. Neighbors get to know one another as they work together on projects. In addition, valuable knowledge is passed along and preserved. Items are kept 8 thrown away, meaning less trash in landfills. 9 an average broken item weighs a kilo, it's been estimated that 2,000 Repair Cafés prevent 35,000 kilos of trash every month. That 10 (add) up to about 420,000 kilos per year! 【答案】 1．like 2．where 3．easier 4．torn 5．how/whether/if 6．occurring 7．Everything/All 8．rather than 9．If 10．adds/will add 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了欧洲新兴的修理咖啡馆，用修复来代替扔掉，这种形式不仅保护环境，也增进邻里关系。 1．考查介词。句意：如果你和很多人一样，你可能会把它们扔掉。根据句意，设空处表示“像……一样”，应用介词like。故填like。 2．考查定语从句。句意：在一些很难找到会修理东西的人的地区，修理东西可能相当昂贵。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词areas，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故填where。 3．考查比较级。句意：此外，一些小电器很便宜，所以买一个新的通常要容易得多。设空处需填形容词作表语，much修饰形容词比较级。故填easier。 4．考查过去分词。句意：她的解决方案是修理咖啡馆：人们可以把损坏或撕裂的物品带到这里。设空处需填非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词items，tear和items为逻辑动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填torn。 5．考查宾语从句。句意：修理咖啡馆的消息传开了，人们开始问他们是否/怎样可以自己开一家这样的咖啡馆。设空处连接宾语从句，从句成分齐全，但缺少“怎样”或者“是否”的意思（下一段第一句提到世界各地现在大约有2000个修理咖啡馆，说明此处说的是人们开始问他们是否或者怎样可以自己开一家这样的咖啡馆，以让这种咖啡馆的规模发展壮大），故填how/whether/if。 6．考查现在分词。句意：如今，世界各地大约有2000个修理咖啡馆，通常每个月召开一次会议。分析可知，本句为“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，meetings和occur为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填occurring。 7．考查代词。句意：一切都是免费的，但非常感谢捐款。设空处表示“一切”作主语，应用代词everything/all，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Everything/All。 8．考查固定短语。句意：物品被保存而不是扔掉，这意味着垃圾填埋场的垃圾更少。根据句意，可知设空处表示“而不是”，应用固定短语rather than，连接kept和thrown away，故填rather than。 9．考查条件状语从句。句意：如果一个损坏的物品平均有一公斤重，据估计，2000个修理咖啡馆每个月可以避免35，000公斤的垃圾。此处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果一个损坏的物品平均有一公斤重”，需用if引导，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填If。 10．考查动时态。句意：每年加起来大约42万公斤！设空处为谓语，描述一般情况或者将来的情况，此处使用一般现在时或者一般将来时，主语为that，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填adds/will add。 Passage 3 （23-24高一下·上海·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Every year, around 30 million visitors swarm into Venice, a place of under 50,000 residents. The population has shrunk by 70 percent in the past 70 years in Venice, 1 the residents have been driven out by ballooning rents and cuts in services. Burano—a one-square-mile island in the north lagoon—draws thousands of visitors daily. They take a 40-minute vaporetto (waterbus) ride from Venice 2 (see) the island’s candy-colored cottages and the leaning bell tower. Now, as residents on the island, some Buranelli are fighting back, 3 (make) the island a launching ground for ecotourism. A clutch of the island’s fishermen are doubling up on their jobs—casting their nets as well as showing tourists the fragile lagoon and why it needs 4 (preserve). Life on Burano has revolved around the water. A fishing settlement with a history 5 (date) back to the Roman era, the island’s relative separation from Venice, has kept its traditions undamaged 6 medieval times. Yet 7 (work) with tourists is increasingly important for the fishermen’s livelihoods. Wholesale seafood prices nearly 8 (halve) during the pandemic, and although they recovered, they decreased again in late 2022. “I’m proud of my work but I’m also aware that in a few years there won’t be anyone left 9 (do) it,” one of the local fishermen says. Numbers of both crabs and fishermen are sharply declining: “When I was a child, there were 100 moecanti on Burano; now we are 19,” he says. Climate change 10 (raise) lagoon temperatures over the last decade. While the crabs aren’t endangered, fewer of them are swimming into fishermen’s nets. 【答案】 1．because/as/for 2．to see 3．making 4．preserving/to be preserved/preservation 5．dating 6．since 7．working 8．halved 9．doing 10．has raised 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了威尼斯附近的布拉诺岛的情况，威尼斯每年吸引着大量的游客，但本地居民却大量减少，附近的布拉诺岛上的居民开始反击，将该岛发展为生态旅游的发起地，向游客展示岛上脆弱的泻湖需要保护。渔民在岛上努力工作，但面临海鲜价格下降和气候变化导致渔获量下降的生计问题。 1．考查原因状语从句。句意：在过去的70年里，威尼斯的人口减少了70%，因为不断上涨的租金和服务的削减把居民赶了出去。分析句子可知，空处前后为完整的句子，空前表示“在过去的70年里，威尼斯的人口减少了70%”，空后表示“不断上涨的租金和服务的削减把居民赶了出去”，前为结果，后为原因，且非显而易见或已知的原因，因此用意为“因为”的从属连词because、as或for引导原因状语从句。故填because/as/for。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们从威尼斯乘坐40分钟的水上巴士，参观岛上糖果色的小屋和倾斜的钟楼。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处作句子的目的状语，表示“为了……”，应用see的不定式形式。故填to see。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，作为岛上的居民，一些布拉内利人开始反击，使该岛成为生态旅游的发起地。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语动词，make“使得”和some Buranelli逻辑上是主动关系，应用make的现在分词形式，作状语。故填making。 4．考查非谓语动词或名词。句意：岛上的一群渔民正在加倍工作——撒网，同时向游客展示脆弱的泻湖以及为什么需要保护它。分析句子可知，空处作needs的宾语，可用固定短语need doing或need to be done表示“需要做某事，某事需要被做”，用preserve的动名词形式或不定式被动语态，或用preserve的名词形式preservation，意为“保护”，为不可数名词。故填preserving/to be preserved/preservation。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一个历史可以追溯到罗马时代的渔业定居点，该岛与威尼斯相对分离，自中世纪以来一直保持着它的传统。分析句子可知，空处作history的后置定语，是非谓语动词，date back to“追溯到”和history逻辑上是主谓关系，date应用现在分词的形式。故填dating。 6．考查介词。句意：作为一个历史可以追溯到罗马时代的渔业定居点，该岛与威尼斯相对分离，自中世纪以来一直保持着它的传统。分析句子可知，空处和medieval times搭配，作状语，结合上文描述的岛上的建筑景观和渔民们的工作可推知，此处指“自中世纪以来一直保持着它的传统”，应用介词since表示“自……以来”。故填since。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，与游客合作对渔民的生计越来越重要。分析句子可知，空处和空后的with tourists搭配，作句子的主语，是非谓语动词，且此处介绍的是一件已知的事情，因此应用work的动名词形式。故填working。 8．考查动词的时态。句意：在疫情期间，海鲜批发价格几乎减半，虽然有所回升，但在2022年底再次下降。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，结合“during the pandemic”可知，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，halve“减半”应用过去式的形式。故填halved。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：“我为自己的工作感到自豪，但我也意识到，再过几年，就没有人能做这项工作了，”一位当地渔民说。分析句子可知，过去分词短语left…作修饰anyone的定语，固定短语be left doing表示“留下来去做什么事情”，应用do的现在分词形式，作补足语。故填doing。 10．考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的十年里，气候变化提高了泻湖的温度。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，结合“over the last decade”可知，此处在叙述过去的动作持续到现在，时态应用现在完成时，且主语Climate change为单数，助动词用has。故填has raised。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $