Unit 2 Stay Healthy 知识点全梳理&单元练习 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

人教版八年级下册 Unit 2 Stay Healthy 知识点全梳理&单元练习 一、核心词汇（含词形转换 + 拓展） （一）基础必背单词 单词 音标 词性 释义 词形转换 / 拓展 healthy /ˈhelθi/ adj. 健康的 名词：health（健康）；比较级：healthier；最高级：healthiest；反义词：unhealthy（不健康的） illness /ˈɪlnəs/ n. 疾病；病 形容词：ill（生病的）；短语：suffer from an illness（患病） symptom /ˈsɪmptəm/ n. 症状 复数：symptoms fever /ˈfiːvə(r)/ n. 发烧；发热 短语：have a fever（发烧） sore /sɔː(r)/ adj. 疼痛的；酸痛的 短语：have a sore throat（喉咙痛）、have a sore back（背痛） headache /ˈhedeɪk/ n. 头痛 合成词：head（头）+ ache（疼痛）；短语：have a headache（头痛） stomachache /ˈstʌməkeɪk/ n. 胃痛；腹痛 合成词：stomach（胃）+ ache（疼痛）；短语：have a stomachache（胃痛） toothache /ˈtuːθeɪk/ n. 牙痛 合成词：tooth（牙齿）+ ache（疼痛）；复数：toothaches press /pres/ v. 压；按 名词：pressure（压力）；形容词：pressed（紧迫的） avoid /əˈvɔɪd/ v. 避免；防止 名词：avoidance（回避）；形容词：avoidable（可避免的）；用法：avoid doing sth.（避免做某事） suffer /ˈsʌfə(r)/ v. 受苦；遭受 名词：suffering（痛苦）；用法：suffer from（遭受……） advice /ədˈvaɪs/ n. 建议；劝告 不可数名词；动词：advise（建议）；用法：advise sb. to do sth.（建议某人做某事） condition /kənˈdɪʃn/ n. 状况；状态 短语：physical condition（身体状况） hurt /hɜːt/ v. （使）疼痛；受伤 过去式 / 过去分词：hurt；用法：My back hurts.（我背痛） （二）易混词辨析 1. ache vs pain ◦ ache：指持续的、隐隐的身体疼痛，常与身体部位构成合成词（如 headache, stomachache） ◦ pain：泛指各种疼痛，可指身体或精神上的痛苦，用法更灵活（如 a pain in the leg） 2. ill vs sick ◦ ill：作表语（如 He is ill.），不可作定语；英式常用 ◦ sick：可作表语 / 定语（如 a sick boy），美式常用；还可表示 “恶心的” 3. too many / too much / much too ◦ too many：+ 可数名词复数（too many candies 太多糖果） ◦ too much：+ 不可数名词（too much junk food 太多垃圾食品）/ 修饰动词（eat too much 吃太多） ◦ much too：+ 形容词 / 副词（much too tired 太累了） 二、核心短语（基础 + 拓展） （一）基础必背短语 1. stay healthy = keep healthy = keep in good health = keep fit 保持健康 2. take care of = look after 照顾；照料 3. have a fever 发烧 4. have a sore throat 喉咙痛 5. have a headache /stomachache/toothache 头痛 / 胃痛 / 牙痛 6. suffer from 遭受；受…… 困扰 7. give advice to sb. = give sb. advice 给某人提建议（advice 为不可数名词，不可加 s） 8. take one's temperature 量体温 9. put out 扑灭（火） 10. instead of 而不是；代替 11. in fact 事实上 12. take medicine 吃药 13. have a rest 休息 14. worry about = be worried about 担心 15. keep away from 远离 （二）拓展高频短语 1. physical condition 身体状况 2. medical care 医疗护理 3. first aid 急救 4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式 5. get enough sleep 充足睡眠 6. eat a balanced diet 均衡饮食 7. do exercise 锻炼 8. stay up late 熬夜 9. cut down 减少（如 cut down sugar intake 减少糖分摄入） 10. be good for /be bad for 对…… 有益 / 有害 三、核心句型（场景化分类） （一）描述健康问题（病人常用） 1. I have a fever/sore throat/stomachache. 我发烧 / 喉咙痛 / 胃痛。 2. My back hurts. / I'm suffering from a headache. 我背痛 / 正头痛。 3. I don't feel well. / I feel terrible. 我感觉不舒服 / 难受。 4. I have a pain in my chest. 我胸口痛。 5. I can't sleep well these days. 我最近睡不好。 （二）给出健康建议（医生 / 他人常用） 1. should/shouldn't + 动词原形（最常用） ◦ You should lie down and rest. 你应该躺下休息。 ◦ You shouldn't eat too much junk food. 你不应该吃太多垃圾食品。 2. You'd better (not) + 动词原形（语气更委婉） ◦ You'd better take this medicine three times a day. 你最好一天吃三次这个药。 ◦ You'd better not stay up late. 你最好别熬夜。 3. could + 动词原形（委婉建议，比 should 更温和） ◦ You could exercise twice a week to keep healthy. 你可以每周锻炼两次来保持健康。 4. Why not / Why don't you + 动词原形（反问式建议） ◦ Why not drink more hot water? 为什么不多喝点热水呢？ （三）就医场景常用句 • 医生：Let me take your temperature. 让我给你量个体温。 • 病人：How often should I take this medicine? 这药我该多久吃一次？ • 医生：You need to have a good rest. 你需要好好休息。 • 病人：When will I get well? 我什么时候能好？ （四）健康生活表达 1. It's important to have a healthy lifestyle. 拥有健康的生活方式很重要。 2. I never smoke or drink. 我从不吸烟喝酒。 3. We should keep away from unhealthy food. 我们应该远离不健康的食物。 4. Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy. 早睡早起身体好。 四、核心语法（单元重点） （一）情态动词 should /could 表建议 1. should ◦ 含义：表示 “应该”，用于给出建议、劝告，语气直接、肯定 ◦ 结构：主语 + should + 动词原形（无人称变化，否定式 shouldn't） ◦ 例句：You should see a dentist if you have a toothache. 2. could ◦ 含义：表示 “可以”，用于委婉提出建议，语气比 should 更温和、礼貌 ◦ 结构：主语 + could + 动词原形（无人称变化） ◦ 例句：You could go for a walk after dinner to relax. （二）反身代词（单元拓展语法） 1. 常见反身代词：myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 2. 核心用法： ◦ 作宾语：Teach yourself English. 自学英语 ◦ 固定搭配：by oneself（独自）、enjoy oneself（玩得开心）、hurt oneself（伤到自己） ◦ 例句：You should look after yourself when you are ill. （三）动词 avoid 的用法 • 核心结构：avoid doing sth.（避免做某事，不可接 to do） • 例句：You should avoid eating too much sugar to stay healthy. 五、单元主题写作（健康话题） （一）写作话题：How to Stay Healthy（如何保持健康） （二）高分范文框架 开头：点明健康的重要性 It's very important for us to stay healthy. A healthy lifestyle can help us study better and live happily. 主体：分点给出建议（饮食、作息、运动、习惯） First, we should have a balanced diet. We should eat more vegetables and fruit, and avoid too much junk food.Second, we need to get enough sleep. We shouldn't stay up late, because it's bad for our health.Third, we should exercise regularly. We can do sports like running, swimming or playing basketball every day.Finally, we should keep a good mood and stay away from bad habits like smoking and drinking. 结尾：总结呼吁 If we follow these suggestions, we will stay healthy and have a happy life. （三）高分句型 1. It's + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.（做某事对某人来说是…… 的） ◦ It's necessary for us to exercise every day. 2. We should /shouldn't ...（我们应该 / 不应该……） 3. The more ..., the more ...（越…… 越……） ◦ The more exercise you do, the healthier you will be. 六、易错点 & 考点提醒 1. advice 是不可数名词：不可说 a advice，要说 a piece of advice；many 修饰可数名词，much 修饰不可数名词，因此是 much advice 2. ache 与 pain 的区别：考试常考合成词（headache 等），需注意拼写 3. should 无人称变化：无论主语是单复数，都用 should + 动词原形 4. avoid 后接 doing：绝对不可接 to do，是高频考点 5. sore + 身体部位：sore throat/back，而不是 ache throat，需注意搭配 附：单元思维导图（核心逻辑） Unit 2 Stay Healthy ─ 词汇：健康类名词/形容词、疾病类词汇、动作类词汇 ─ 短语：健康相关固定搭配、就医场景短语 ─ 句型：描述不适、给出建议、就医对话 ─ 语法：should/could表建议、反身代词、avoid doing ─ 写作：健康生活建议类作文 人教版八年级下册 Unit 2 Stay Healthy 同步练习卷 考试时间：90 分钟 满分：100 分 一、单项选择（每小题 2 分，共 20 分） 【考点：核心词汇辨析 + 固定搭配】 1. —What's wrong with you? —I have ______ bad cold. A. a B. an C. the D. / 2. My sister has a ______, so she should see a dentist. A. headache B. toothache C. stomachache D. backache 3. You should avoid ______ junk food if you want to keep healthy. A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. ate 4. —Why not ______ early to prepare for the exam?—Good idea. A. to get up B. getting up C. get up D. gets up 5. He ______ from a bad cold last week. A. suffer B. suffers C. suffered D. suffering 6. —I have a sore throat.—You should drink some hot tea ______ honey. A. with B. in C. on D. for 7. It's important ______ us to learn English well. A. for B. of C. to D. with 8. —My mother is ill.—I'm sorry to hear that. You should ______ her. A. look after B. look at C. look for D. look up 9. You ______ play football in the street. It's dangerous. A. should B. shouldn’t C. needn't D. mustn't 10. The more you exercise, the ______ you will be. A. healthy B. healthier C. healthiest D. the healthiest 二、完形填空（每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分） 【考点：语篇理解 + 健康类核心词汇】Health is very important for everyone. How can we stay healthy? Here are some good 11. ______.First, you should have a 12. ______ lifestyle. You should eat 13. ______ fruit and vegetables, and drink milk every day. Don't eat too much 14. ______ food, like hamburgers and ice-cream. Second, 15. ______ is good for your health. You can run, swim or play ball games every day. Third, you need to 16. ______ well. Don't stay up late. It's bad for your eyes and body. Fourth, keep a good 17. ______. When you are sad, try to 18. ______ happy. You can listen to music or talk to your friends. Finally, 19. ______ away from smoking and drinking. They are bad 20. ______ your health.Follow these suggestions, and you will be a healthy person! 11. A. advice B. advices C. suggestion D. suggestions 12. A. health B. healthy C. unhealthy D. healthier 13. A. many B. much C. plenty of D. a lot 14. A. healthy B. junk C. good D. fresh 15. A. exercise B. exercises C. exercising D. exercised 16. A. sleep B. sleeping C. sleeps D. slept 17. A. idea B. habit C. mood D. time 18. A. stay B. stays C. staying D. stayed 19. A. keep B. keeps C. keeping D. to keep 20. A. for B. to C. with D. at 三、阅读理解（每小题 2 分，共 20 分） 【考点：健康类说明文阅读 + 信息提取】 A Do you want to keep healthy? Let me tell you how.First, eat a balanced diet. You need to eat different kinds of food, like rice, noodles, vegetables and fruit. Don't eat too much sugar or fat. Second, do exercise often. It's good to run for 30 minutes every morning. You can also walk to school instead of taking a bus. Third, get enough sleep. As a student, you should sleep at least 8 hours every night. Fourth, keep happy. When you are tired or sad, you can listen to music or play with your friends.Remember: Health is the best wealth (财富). 21. What does a balanced diet mean? A. Eat only rice and noodles. B. Eat different kinds of food. C. Eat too much sugar. D. Eat only vegetables. 22. How long should we run every morning? A. For 10 minutes. B. For 20 minutes. C. For 30 minutes. D. For 40 minutes. 23. How many hours should a student sleep at least every night? A. 6. B. 7. C. 8. D. 9. 24. What can we do when we are tired or sad? A. Eat junk food. B. Sleep late. C. Listen to music. D. Smoke. 25. What's the best title of the passage? A. My School Life B. How to Keep Healthy C. Healthy Food D. Exercise B Mr. Green is a doctor. He works in a hospital. One day, a man came to see him. The man said, "I have a pain in my stomach. I can't eat anything." Mr. Green checked him over carefully. Then he said, "You have eaten too much junk food recently. You should stop eating it. And you should eat more vegetables and fruit. Take this medicine three times a day. You will be better soon." The man thanked Mr. Green and left. 26. What's Mr. Green's job? A. A teacher. B. A doctor. C. A driver. D. A cook. 27. What's wrong with the man? A. He has a headache. B. He has a fever. C. He has a pain in his stomach. D. He has a toothache. 28. What did Mr. Green tell the man to do? A. Eat more junk food. B. Stop eating junk food. C. Eat less vegetables. D. Drink less water. 29. How often should the man take the medicine? A. Once a day. B. Twice a day. C. Three times a day. D. Four times a day. 30. Which of the following is TRUE? A. The man can eat junk food often. B. The man will be better soon if he follows Mr. Green's advice. C. Mr. Green didn't check the man over. D. The man has no pain in his stomach. 四、词汇运用（每小题 1 分，共 10 分） 【考点：单词拼写 + 词形转换】 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。 31. I have a h______, so I should go to bed early.32. My brother has a s______ throat. He can't speak too much.33. We should a______ late for school.34. She ______ (遭受) from a cold last month.35. It's ______ (重要的) to learn English well.36. You should take ______ (药) twice a day.37. He looks ______ (不健康的) because he eats too much junk food.38. We should keep ______ (远离) from dangerous animals.39. My mother ______ (建议) me to read books every evening.40. ______ (呼吸) fresh air is good for our health. 五、完成句子（每小题 2 分，共 10 分） 【考点：重点句型 + 固定句式】根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。 41. 你应该躺下休息一下。 You should ______ ______ and ______. 42. 我妈妈担心我的健康。 My mother ______ ______ ______ my health. 43. 为什么不多喝点热水呢？ ______ ______ drink more hot water? 44. 拥有健康的生活方式很有必要。 It's ______ ______ ______ a healthy lifestyle. 45. 你最好不要熬夜。 You ______ ______ ______ stay up late. 六、语法专练（每小题 2 分，共 10 分） 【考点：should/could 表建议 + avoid 用法】用所给词的适当形式填空或根据句意填空。46. You ______ (should) eat too much sugar. It's bad for your teeth. 47. ______ you ______ (please) help me with my English? 48. She ______ (avoid) ______ (meet) him yesterday. 49. You could ______ (go) for a walk after dinner. 50. He should ______ (see) a doctor if he has a fever. 七、书面表达（15 分） 【考点：健康类话题写作 + 单元核心句型】假设你是李华，请你以 “How to Keep Healthy” 为题，写一篇短文，介绍如何保持健康。要求： 1. 内容包括：饮食、运动、作息、心情等方面； 2. 语句通顺，语法正确； 3. 不少于 60 词。 How to Keep Healthy __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案及解析 一、单项选择 1. A 【解析】have a bad cold 重感冒，固定搭配。 2. B 【解析】看牙医应该是牙痛，toothache 牙痛。 3. C 【解析】avoid doing sth. 避免做某事，固定用法。 4. C 【解析】Why not + 动词原形？ 表示建议。 5. C 【解析】last week 是过去时间，用动词过去式 suffered。 6. A 【解析】hot tea with honey 带蜂蜜的热茶，with 表示 “带有”。 7. A 【解析】It's + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是…… 的。 8. A 【解析】look after 照顾；look at 看；look for 寻找；look up 查阅。妈妈病了，应该照顾她。 9. B 【解析】shouldn't 不应该，符合句意 “不应该在街上踢足球”。 10. B 【解析】the + 比较级，the + 比较级 越……，越……。 二、完形填空 11. A 【解析】advice 是不可数名词，suggestion 是可数名词，此处 some 后接不可数名词或可数名词复数，故选 A。 12. B 【解析】healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式，形容词修饰名词。 13. C 【解析】plenty of 既可以修饰可数名词复数也可以修饰不可数名词，fruit and vegetables 是复数 / 不可数，many 修饰可数，much 修饰不可数，a lot 后需加 of，故选 C。 14. B 【解析】junk food 垃圾食品，根据后文汉堡冰淇淋可知是垃圾食品。 15. A 【解析】此处是祈使句，用动词原形 exercise 锻炼。 16. A 【解析】need to 后接动词原形 sleep。 17. C 【解析】keep a good mood 保持好心情，固定搭配。 18. A 【解析】try to 后接动词原形 stay。 19. A 【解析】此处是祈使句，用动词原形 keep。 20. A 【解析】be bad for 对…… 有害，固定搭配。 三、阅读理解 A 21. B 【解析】根据第二段第一句 “You need to eat different kinds of food...” 可知。 22. C 【解析】根据第二段第四句 “You can run for 30 minutes every morning.” 可知。 23. C 【解析】根据第二段第七句 “As a student, you should sleep at least 8 hours every night.” 可知。 24. C 【解析】根据第二段最后一句 “When you are tired or sad, you can listen to music or play with your friends.” 可知。 25. B 【解析】全文围绕如何保持健康展开，故选 B。 B 26. B 【解析】根据第一段第一句 “Mr. Green is a doctor.” 可知。 27. C 【解析】根据第一段第四句 “I have a pain in my stomach.” 可知。 28. B 【解析】根据第一段第八句 “You should stop eating it.” 可知。 29. C 【解析】根据第一段倒数第二句 “Take this medicine three times a day.” 可知。 30. B 【解析】根据第一段最后一句 “You will be better soon.” 可知，遵循建议会变好。 四、词汇运用 31. headache 32. sore 33. arrive 34. suffered 35. important 36. medicine 37. unhealthy 38. away 39. advises 40. Breathing 五、完成句子 41. lie down; rest 42. worries about 43. Why not 44. necessary to have 45. had better not 六、语法专练 46. shouldn't 47. Could; please 48. avoided; meeting 49. go 50. see 七、书面表达（参考范文） How to Keep Healthy It's very important for us to keep healthy. Here is some advice for you.First, we should have a healthy diet. We need to eat plenty of fruit and vegetables, and avoid junk food. Second, we should exercise often. We can run or play basketball every day. Third, it's necessary to get enough sleep. We shouldn't stay up late. Finally, we should keep a good mood every day.If we follow these suggestions, we will be healthy. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $