Unit 1 Section Ⅳ Discovering Useful Structures-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册教师用书word（人教版）

Section Ⅳ　Discovering Useful Structures 语法项目——动词－ing形式作定语和表语 My mother is a charming① woman, and her job is selling fruit② in a local supermarket every day.There are all kinds of fruits, ranging from③ common apples and pears to imported fruit.She often brings us some fruit selling well④ to let us taste it.Though some people hold the belief that my mother's job is boring⑤ and tiring⑥， she thinks her job is quite interesting⑦ and fulfilling⑧. [语法入门] 文中加黑词都是动词－ing形式，其中①③④在句中作定语，②⑤⑥⑦⑧在句中作表语。 一、动词－ing形式作定语　 动词－ing形式包括动名词和现在分词，这两种情况用作定语时，其功能和含义有所不同。 [先感知] ①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)At this moment, Gunter pointed towards the waiting hall of the bus station. ②(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. ③I'm glad to receive your letter asking me about my high school life. ④This is an amazing achievement. ⑤The house being built here belongs to John. [会发现] (1)waiting是动名词作定语，说明所修饰名词hall的用途。 (2)growing是现在分词作定语，表示“正在增长的”。 (3)asking me about my high school life是现在分词短语作后置定语，相当于定语从句which_asks_me_about_my_high_school_life。 (4)amazing是现在分词作定语，表示“令人吃惊的”。 (5)being built是动词－ing形式的被动式。 [明规则] 1．动词－ing形式包括现在分词和动名词。现在分词作定语时，和被修饰词之间为逻辑上的主动关系，表示所修饰词正在进行的动作；动名词作定语时表示被修饰词的某种性能或用途，相当于for引导的介词短语。 2．单个现在分词作定语，常放在被修饰词之前作前置定语；现在分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词之后作后置定语，相当于一个定语从句。 3．有些动词－ing形式已转化成形容词，表示“令人……的”。 4．如果分词与被修饰词之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，且表示正在进行的动作，应用动词－ing形式的被动式：being done。 [对点练] (1)用所给词的适当形式填空 ①(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting (affect) the entire world, it's actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots. ②(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)They talk to the flood of international tourists and to visiting (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. ③(2023·浙江1月高考)Most long－distance trains, especially the sleeping (sleep) car accommodations, sell out very quickly. ④(2025·全国Ⅱ卷)When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling (sell) houseplants, she didn't have high hopes for it. ⑤(2025·全国Ⅱ卷)Food waste is a growing (grow) concern in the restaurant, supermarket, and supply chain industries. (2)一句多译 正在演奏民间音乐的那位老人曾经经历过一个艰难时期。 ⑥The old man playing folk music once went through a hard time. ⑦The_old_man_who_is_playing_folk_music_once_went_through_a_hard_time. 二、动词－ing形式作表语　 [先感知] ①The argument seems very convincing. ②It seems that the plot isn't amusing enough to attract the audience. ③What pleases him most is swimming in the sea in summer. ＝Swimming in the sea in summer is what pleases him most. [会发现] (1)convincing, amusing是现在分词作表语，说明主语的特征。 (2)swimming in the sea in summer是动名词短语作表语，此时主语和表语可以互换。 [明规则] 作表语的现在分词和动名词在具体用法上也各有不同。 1．现在分词作表语，往往具有形容词的性质，说明主语的性质、特征等。作表语的现在分词，许多是由能够表示人的某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的有：moving, interesting, encouraging, exciting, inspiring, astonishing, surprising, puzzling, amusing, boring等。 This month's sales figure is quite encouraging. 这个月的销售额非常鼓舞人心。 2．动名词作表语多表示抽象性的或习惯性的动作，一般说明主语的内容。表语和主语可以互换。 Her hobby is playing the violin. ＝Playing the violin is her hobby. 拉小提琴是她的爱好。 [名师点津] (1)动词－ing形式有时还可以放在seem, appear, prove等系动词后作表语。 (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn't seem quite as appealing. 当我回到家后，突然骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。 (2)动词－ing形式在表示动作时与be动词一起构成进行时态，此时不再作表语。 They are playing basketball now. 现在他们正在打篮球。 [对点练] (1)用所给词的适当形式填空 ①Taking pictures of polar bears is amazing (amaze) but also dangerous. ②The situation both at home and abroad is very inspiring (inspire)． ③It was both exciting (excite) and frightening to be up there! ④Traveling is interesting (interest) but tiring, too. ⑤What we expect from you is working (work) hard rather than hardly working. (2)完成句子 ⑥Our work is serving_the_people. 我们的工作是为人民服务。 ⑦The film which I saw just now is very_moving. 刚才我看的电影非常感人。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．She remained sitting (sit) there when we came in. 2．Their spirit of craftsmanship remains living (live) in our hearts. 3．One of his bad habits is smoking (smoke) while having dinner. 4．The girl performing (perform) on the stage is my classmate. 5．After the typhoon, people found some tall trees, measuring (measure) more than 10 meters, lying on the ground. 6．The old building dating (date) back to the 5th century is going to be rebuilt. 7．The house belonging (belong) to Mr Green's family for 50 years will be pulled down next week. 8．The football team, consisting (consist) of 20 players and 3 coaches, was set up about 3 years ago. 9．As we laugh, the muscles participating (participate) in the laugh become active. 10．The bell indicating (indicate) the end of the class rang, interrupting our heated discussion. Ⅱ.句型转换 1．Australia is a country which speaks English. →Australia is an English－speaking country. 2．The child who is playing the piano will give a performance next week. →The child playing_the_piano will give a performance next week. 3．Now they have no idea how to deal with the problem that is puzzling. →Now they have no idea how to deal with the_puzzling_problem. 4．By far, there are many problems that remain to be solved. →By far, there are many problems remaining_to_be_solved. 5．The woman who is looking at her map is a relative of my mother. →The woman looking_at_her_map is a relative of my mother. 6．The boy who stood near the window was good at playing football. →The boy standing_near_the_window was good at playing football. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $