专题08 阅读理解（复习讲义）（山东专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

专题08 阅读理解（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 细节理解题 考点二 猜测词义题 考点三 主旨大意题 考点四 推理判断题 考点五 篇章结构题 考点六 标题归纳题 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1. 考查方式：山东省各地均有阅读理解单选题型，篇幅多为2-4篇，每篇3-5小题。 2. 考察特点：话题选择贴近学生、贴近生活、贴近时代。常常出现社会热点素材，词汇选择符合新课标要求。 3. 体裁选择：应用文、记叙文、说明文、议论文 4. 考题类型： ① 细节理解题：考查文章细节，答案往往能在原文中直接体现。 ② 推理判断题：考查人物情感、观点态度以及话题或故事接下来走向的推断。 ③ 词义猜测题：考查语篇中上下文关联，所给词汇的同义转换或直接猜测词义。 ④ 主旨大意题：考查文章主旨、段落大意。 ⑤ 语篇结构题：考查语篇中段落与段落之间的逻辑，以及段落之间的划分。 热考角度 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 细节理解题 ①山东枣庄·11-13题 ①山东菏泽·21-23题 ①山东济南·46-49题 猜测词义题 ①山东济南·18题 ①山东滨州·33题 ①山东泰安·12题 主旨大意题 ①山东泰安·49题 ①山东德州·9题 ①山东济南·51题 推理判断题 ①山东济宁·14-15题 ①山东临沂·9-10题 ①山东济南·56-59题 语篇结构体 ①山东菏泽·25题 ①山东威海·10题 ①山东临沂·3题 标题归纳题 ①山东泰安·50题 ①山东临沂·16题 ①山东青岛·30题 命题预测 1. 语境化：语篇语境更贴近现实生活，考查学生的实际语言应用能力。 2. 综合化：注重对语篇整体理解的考查，主旨大意和推理判断题占比可能略有提升。 3. 创新化：融入更多科技、文化、环保等前沿话题，考查学生的跨文化理解和信息整合 能力。 考点一 细节理解题 Passage 1（2025·枣庄卷） From an early age, I began to like Chinese culture a lot. When there was a chance to study in Beijing as an exchange student, I took it at once. In my first 24 hours in Beijing, I felt very nervous. I didn’t see one foreigner. But on my first day of school, I was greeted by many foreign faces. The students came from all over the world. I would be in a class with Chelsea from Norway and Charlie from my motherland — the UK. None of us had studied Chinese before, but our language skills improved quickly. By the end of the first month, we could all make simple sentences. Some of these sentences, though, were quite funny. We often sent our language teacher Sophie into wild laughter. We had a happy time together. The first month was very tiring. There were so many new things to learn. Thankfully, our school organized many events for students. We talked a lot about cultural differences and our future plans. It was a great chance for us to practice speaking Chinese. In October, my Chinese friend Zhen Hua showed me around the city. He took me to some of his favorite restaurants. Chinese table manners were very different from those in the West. Eating Chinese food was like an adventure, and it became my favorite part about living in Beijing. My six-month stay in China made me excited. I want to visit China again to look for more adventures. 11．According to the passage, why did the writer go to Beijing? A．To see more foreigners in Beijing. B．To visit a good Chinese friend in Beijing. C．To eat delicious Chinese food in Beijing. D．To study in Beijing as an exchange student. 12．Which country is the writer from? A．America. B．England. C．China. D．Norway. 13．Which of the following shows the change of the writer’s feelings during her stay in China? A．happy→nervous→bored→excited B．tired→excited→nervous→happy C．nervous→happy→tired→excited D．happy→bored→excited→nervous 【答案】11．D 12．B 13．C 【解析】本文讲述了作者作为交换生在北京的学习和生活经历。 11．细节理解题。根据“When there was a chance to study in Beijing as an exchange student, I took it at once.”可知，作者是作为交换生去北京学习的。故选D。 12．细节理解题。根据“Charlie from my motherland — the UK.”可知，作者的祖国是英国，故选B。 13．细节理解题。根据“In my first 24 hours in Beijing, I felt very nervous.”可知，起初是紧张的→根据 “We had a happy time together.”可知，后来是快乐的→ 根据“The first month was very tiring.”可知，第一个月感到疲惫→根据“My six-month stay in China made me excited.”可知，最终是兴奋的，故选C。 Passage 2（2024·菏泽卷） Please help me find my pet dog “Bumpy”.He’s a two-year-old dog, and he got lost three days ago as we walked in the park. He is brown with white ears. He goes by the names: Bumpy, Little Bump and Bumpkins. He is not afraid of strangers and will come to you if you call his name. If you see him, please call Joan at 098-2343. Thank you! Join us this Sunday to clean up the park.We’ll meet at 8:00 a.m. at the gate of Tianxiang Park and start to work. We will provide rubbish and recycling bags, and we will have gloves available if you have forgotten yours. Our goal is to clean up Tianxiang Park and make it feel like home. If you want to join us, call 089-2433. Come and join us! Our town is having a family get-together to bring the community together on June 18th. We’re going to have sack races, three-legged man races and so much more. For our real competitors, the day will start off with a five-kilometer run to support the people with disabilities. Get out and get your tennis shoes on to make a difference. The entry fee (报名费) is ¥50, which includes a T-shirt and a ¥30 donation (捐款). You can call 087-2344 for more information. 21．Which phone number should you call if you see Bumpy? A．098-2343. B．089-2433. C．087-2344. 22．What is the goal of cleaning Tianxiang Park? A．To make the park feel like home. B．To bring the community together. C．To save rubbish and recycling bags. 23．How much should you pay if you attend the family get-together? A．¥30. B．¥50. C．¥80. 【答案】21．A 22．A 23．B 【导语】本文主要介绍三则广告信息。 21．细节理解题。根据“If you see him, please call Joan at 098-2343. Thank you!”可知，如果看到Bumpy，可以打电话到098-2343。故选A。 22．细节理解题。根据“Our goal is to clean up Tianxiang Park and make it feel like home.”可知，目标是清理天翔公园，让它有家的感觉。故选A。 23．细节理解题。根据“The entry fee (报名费) is ¥50”可知，报名费为50元，故选B。 Passage 3（2023·济南卷） Like most parents, mine spent much time advising me to take part in activities outside school. However, they never forced me, and I never found anything I was interested in. Then one day a friend at school told me about a local dance group and asked if I wanted to go with her. So after school we went to talk to the dance teacher. She explained everything to us and we both decided to join. My parents were really pleased to hear I’d finally chosen dancing. They think if you develop an interest in doing something yourself, it will be easier to succeed. I’ve now been attending the dancing classes for 3 years and I really enjoy it. We are organized into age groups, and at 16 I’m now in the oldest class. There are classes of swing dance, ballet (芭蕾舞), street dance and folk dance. I practice street dance and I’m quite good at it. I also help out leading some of the younger children. We also take part in events like local and even national dance shows, and relatives turn up to see their children perform. My parents are proud of me as they tell me all the time. Now I’ll be too old to continue dancing with the group. However, I have already made plans to continue with them. The dance school has become very successful and is opening new classes. The director has asked if I’d like to be one of the group leaders and of course I said “yes”! — By Julie, 16 46．Who made Julie decide to join the local dance group? A．Her parents. B．Her teacher. C．Her friend. D．Herself. 47．According to Julie’s parents, what is more important to be successful? A．Interest. B．Hard work. C．Courage. D．Pride. 48．When did Julie attend the dancing classes? A．1 year ago. B．2 years ago. C．3 years ago. D．4 years ago. 49．What kind of dance is Julie good at? A．Swing dance. B．Ballet. C．Street dance. D．Folk dance. 【答案】46．D 47．A 48．C 49．C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者介绍自己遵从内心兴趣选择学习舞蹈，并且明确自己未来的发展。 46．细节理解题。根据“Then one day a friend at school told me about a local dance group and asked if I wanted to go with her. So after school we went to talk to the dance teacher. She explained everything to us and we both decided to join.”可知，学校里的一个朋友告诉我当地有一个舞蹈团，问我是否想和她一起去。所以放学后我们去找舞蹈老师。她向我们解释了一切，我们俩都决定加入。由此可知，是作者自己想加入的，故选D。 47．细节理解题。根据“They think if you develop an interest in doing something yourself, it will be easier to succeed.”可知，他们认为，如果你培养了自己做某事的兴趣，就会更容易成功。故选A。 48．细节理解题。根据“I’ve now been attending the dancing classes for 3 years”可知，我已经上了3年的舞蹈课了，所以是三年前加入的，故选C。 49．细节理解题。根据“I practice street dance and I’m quite good at it.”可知，我练习街舞，而且跳得很好。故选C。 考点二 猜测词义题 Passage 1（2025·济南卷） In a professional article, AI is praised as a tool for sustainable construction, “In recent years, AI has become a promising tool for construction. AI can examine a large number of data sets on weather conditions and help to make full use of building systems for energy efficiency, water protection and other goals.” 18．Which best explains the underlined word “promising” in paragraph 3? A．Facing challenges. B．Needing improving. C．Taking years to grow. D．Having a bright future. 【答案】18．D 【解析】本文主要介绍人工智能在建筑业的应用。 18. 词句猜测题。根据“In recent years, AI has become a promising tool for construction. AI can examine a large number of data sets on weather conditions and help to make full use of building systems for energy efficiency, water protection and other goals.”可知，人工智能能够分析大量有关天气状况的数据，并有助于充分利用建筑系统以实现节能、节水等目标。所以是极具前景，故选D。 Passage 2（2024·滨州卷） When things got too much to bear, her coach and parents just told her to have a break. So she took a vacation to have a relax. After that, she was even more dedicated to daily practice. 33．What does the underlined word “dedicated” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．专注的 B．特别的 C．美好的 D．紧张的 【答案】33．A 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了听障泳将彭惠迪的成长与追求梦想的历程。 33. 词句猜测题。根据“When things got too much to bear, her coach and parents just told her to have a break. So she took a vacation to have a relax. After that…”可知，彭惠迪在学业和游泳的双重压力下感到难以承受时会度假放松一下，但是之后会更加专注于日常练习。划线部分单词dedicated意为“专注的”。故选A。 Passage 3（2023·泰安卷） It tells a story that happened in North Africa. After a war breaks out there, two Chinese diplomats(外交官) are ordered to help evacuate the overseas Chinese. After completing the first task successfully, they learn that another group of Chinese citizens(公民) are still in great danger. Realizing that these people will die if they don’t give a hand, the two men travel through the war area. They risk their lives to help over 100 Chinese citizens go to a safe place. The movie not only shows how the two diplomats protect the people with courage, but also shows their deep love for the country and people. 12. What does the underlined word “evacuate” mean in the second paragraph? A． 躲藏 B．逃避 C．撤离 D．评价 【答案】12．C 【解析】本文主要介绍了电影《万里归途》以及这部电影成功的部分原因是中国人民对我们国家日益增长的民族自豪感和信心。 12. 词义猜测题。根据“After a war breaks out there,”可知当地发生了战争，结合“two Chinese diplomats(外交官) are ordered to help evacuate the overseas Chinese.”可知外交官应该要开始协助撤侨，故选C。 考点三 主旨大意题 Passage 1（2025·泰安卷） I think the human body is not the best design for many of the jobs we want robots to do. Just think of small, flat robot vacuums (真空吸尘器). They can go under a sofa to pick up the dust balls. Can human-like robots also do this? Even if robots can be made into human-like ones, why do we limit (限定) them to two legs and two arms? Why not four and six so they can pick up the elderly or sick people comfortably? And that super intelligent AI almost certainly wouldn’t pick one body design to carry its mind around in. Why limit computational capacity (算力) to what fits inside a single head? 49. What’s the writer’s opinion according to the fourth paragraph? A．Robots can’t be made to look like humans. B．Humanoid design is still the best choice for robots. C．A robot should be designed with more arms, legs and heads. D．The design of a robot’s shape should depend on its use. 【答案】49．D 【解析】本文主要介绍了电影《万里归途》以及这部电影成功的部分原因是中国人民对我们国家日益增长的民族自豪感和信心。 49. 段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，作者的核心观点是机器人形状的设计应该取决于它的用途。故选D。 Passage 2（2024·德州卷） When Liu Lingli was a child, she first communicated with a hearing-impaired person, her neighbor Mrs Wang. But Liu could not understand what she was trying to express with her gestures (手势) if Wang’s husband didn’t explain it. “Even as a child, I felt loved by her kind gesture, and thought it would be great if she could speak,” Liu said. Later she became a teacher in a special school where some students had the same problem as Wang. It was such a hard job that she was at a loss and thought about giving up at the beginning, but she didn’t as she thought of Wang’s pain on the face. Later, unluckily, Liu’s own 7-month-old son was also found to have the same problem, which shocked but never frightened Liu. Instead of getting her child treated in hospital, she decided to provide treatment for her son by herself after work. Since then, Liu could better understand the families with children like her son and put more efforts to help them live better in society. She started speaking rebuilding training by self-teaching. Thanks to Liu’s tireless efforts, her son and her students showed great improvement and some of them became successful later. Deng Liang, one of Liu’s first students, works now for a State-owned enterprise (企业) in Changsha. “Ms Liu taught me to be kind, optimistic (乐观的) and hard-working to build a better life, which has pushed me forward all these years,” he said. Liu Hanxiang, a famous dancer now, texted Liu Lungli a message thanking her for her efforts. “ Ms Liu, my performance today was a great success. I want to thank you. Without you, I would not have become who I am today.” Liu Lingli burst into tears when she read the message. For her contributions (贡献) to society, Liu Lingli received the award of Person Touching China for 2023. Liu said, “There is still a lot to do to ensure disabled people can find suitable jobs. The media also needs to tell more stories of people with disability who have built successful careers so as to encourage children with disability to improve their lives through learning.” 9．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To ensure disabled people to find suitable jobs. B．To tell the stones of successful people with disability. C．To call on people to help Liu Lingli. D．To praise Liu Lingli’s actions of helping the disabled. 【答案】9．D 【解析】本文主要讲述了刘玲琍与听障人士之间的故事。 9. 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了刘玲琍与听障人士之间的故事，因此这篇文章的目的是表扬刘玲琍帮助残疾人的行为。故选D。 Passage 3（2023·济南卷） Temperature change is one of the greatest in Earth’s climate change over a long period of time. It can happen naturally or because of human activities, such as burning gas and coal. Burning these fuels produces carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) and other pollutants into the atmosphere, which hold heat in the atmosphere, leading to warmer global temperatures over time. 51．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．How Earth’s climate changes. B．What causes rising temperatures. C．What produces carbon dioxide. D．How pollution influences climate. 【答案】51．B 【解析】本文主要讲了温度上升与更多的暴风雪是否有关系的问题。 51. 主旨大意题。根据“Burning these fuels produces carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) and other pollutants into the atmosphere, which hold heat in the atmosphere, leading to warmer global temperatures over time.”可知，第二段主要介绍了导致气温上升的原因。故选B。 考点四 推理判断题 Passage 1（2025·济宁卷） It’s fun to visit the monkeys at the zoo and watch them play and climb. We laugh at how cute they are and talk about how much they seem like us. But in some cities, monkeys and people live together—it isn’t a pleasure at all. In New Delhi, India, thousands of small monkeys live in the city. They steal food from street shops, break into people’s houses, and leave a mess. Sometimes they even bite (咬) people and cause blackouts (停电) and Internet problems. Every year the city grows and more forests are cut down, leaving monkeys with no wild space. Now monkeys are used to living in the city. It’s a big worry! The government has tried many ways to keep monkeys away. Workers catch monkeys and take them to wild areas far from the city. To stop the monkeys from returning for food, trucks bring food to them. But the wild areas aren’t large enough for all the monkeys. Recently, the city also tried using paper tigers and recorded sounds to drive them away. However, monkeys quickly learn these aren’t real. The problem won’t be easily solved. Most people like monkeys and don’t want to hurt them, but they don’t want monkeys in their homes either. The monkeys probably feel exactly the same way about us. No matter what method we choose, one thing is clear: if we don’t protect the homes of wild animals, they may have no choice but to live in ours. 14．Which of the following is TRUE about Paragraph 4? A．People don’t care about the monkeys living around them. B．The government has found the best way to control monkeys. C．Monkeys are happy to share their living space with humans. D．Protecting monkeys’ natural homes may stop them from living in cities. 15．Where would you most probably find this passage? A．In a story book. B．In a zoo website. C．In a wildlife magazine. D．In a guide book. 【答案】14．D 15．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了在印度新德里，猴子与人类共同生活带来的问题以及政府采取的应对措施。 14．推理判断题。根据文章第4段“if we don’t protect the homes of wild animals, they may have no choice but to live in ours.”可知，如果我们不保护野生动物的家园，它们可能别无选择，只能生活在我们的家园中，可推知，保护猴子的自然栖息地是关键。故选D。 15．推理判断题。文章主要讨论猴子与人类共处的生态问题及解决方案，属于野生动物保护主题。故选C。 Passage 2（2024·临沂卷） It can be really embarrassed if someone sees you talking to yourself. But don’t feel bad about it! Talking to yourself actually has a lot of advantages. You probably know that thinking is good for the brain. It helps us do things like making plans and managing our feelings. Talking to yourself loud is like showing this quiet inner (内在的) speech. It can help us do better in different areas like school, sports and work. Talking to yourself, especially in the third person, can help us manage bad feelings. “Talking to yourself in the third person is like giving yourself advice,” said Jason Moser, a professor (教授) from Michigan State University, US. Moser uses himself in an example. He does not like flying, but he has to fly often for his work. So when he is feeling nervous or afraid during a flight (航班), he talks to himself. “Well, you know, Jason knows air travel is very safe. And Jason has been on thousands of flights.” This can help us to see things from a different aspect (角度), especially when we’re feeling sad or angry. When encouragement comes from oneself, it adds to self-confidence. A study invited 72 tennis players to take part in some matches. Researchers (调查者) put the players into two groups: one group that said nothing while playing, and the other that talked to themselves while playing. They found that the self-talkers showed more confidence and played better than those in the silent group. Self-talk also helps to improve memory. Researchers tested four different ways to memorize things: reading silently, reading aloud, listening to someone else read and listening to a recording of oneself reading. Those who read out loud recalled the information the best, researchers said in their study. It’s because the information will probably become a long-term memory if it is said out loud. 9．What does the underlined word “It” refer to (指代) in Paragraph 2? A．Talking to yourself. B．The brain. C．Thinking. 10．How does the writer show his opinion in Paragraph 3? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving an example. C．By comparing himself with others. 【答案】9．A 10．B 【解析】本文是一篇议论文，文章介绍了自言自语的好处。 9. 推理判断题。根据“Talking to yourself loud is like showing this quiet inner (内在的) speech. It can help us do better in different areas like school, sports and work.”可知，大声对自己说话就像展示自己的内心语言，可以帮助我们在学校、运动和工作等不同领域做得更好。故划线部分It指代上文提到的Talking to yourself。故选A。 10．推理判断题。根据“Talking to yourself, especially in the third person, can help us manage bad feelings.”可知，第三段主要介绍自言自语可以帮助我们控制不好的感觉。文章以美国密歇根州立大学教授杰森个人乘坐飞机的经历论证了这一观点。故文章第三段通过举例子的方式论证观点。故选B。 Passage 3（2023·济南卷） A garden is much more than just creating a beautiful environment. It can be a way to save or even make money and, more than that, it can be a place where you can express yourself. For me, it’s a bit of all these things. I know it may sound strange for a 13-year-old girl to be interested in gardening, but I have always been and I would love to make a career (职业) out of it. I have learned many things these past few years. I have been reading about and doing some gardening. So, here is my top advice about gardening. First, you do not need to spend a lot of money to have a beautiful garden. Some of the gardens that I think are the prettiest are just lines of plants. There aren’t many garden decorations (装饰) and pathways. It’s just beautiful plants with fruits and vegetables. We can also find many useful things for free, from pieces of old wood to old pots and pans. Or, we can build things for free from materials that other people have thrown away. If you just remember that planting what is more than you need will take the stress away of losing some plants, you will save yourself a lot of worry, too. Besides, you need to ask yourself which plants produce enough food to make them worth growing. I actually sat down and did the maths on that one this spring. It amazed me what some plants were worth. A tomato, for example, can produce £50-£150 worth of fruit. It takes up a lot of space but that’s a lot of money coming out of a 50-pence seed (种子)! So if I had known earlier what each plant could save us, I would have told my parents to fill our garden with different plants. And finally, gardening doesn’t have to be all or nothing. But then I guess that’s more of a personality weakness than anything. I struggle with doing things a little at a time. Once I decide to do something, I usually devote every waking hour to it for a little while and then get tired. So it’s okay to just have one tomato plant, and it’s okay to have an off year. It will save you a lot of stress. 56．What does the writer want to tell us about gardening in paragraph 1? A．The gardeners can make much money. B．It’s just about creating a beautiful place. C．The most important is to express yourself. D．It means different things to different people. 57．How would the writer describe her favorite garden? A．Simple. B．Expensive. C．Magic. D．Creative. 58．What advice does the writer give us about gardening? A．Use what we can find around us. B．Try to make a career out of it. C．Ask other gardeners to give help. D．Spend as much time as we can. 59．What can we learn about the writer’s gardening experience? A．She wants to grow everything. B．She did everything right. C．She has a lot of fun in doing it. D．She needs to work harder 【答案】56．D 57．A 58．A 59．C 【解析】本文介绍了作者对园艺的看法，作者也对园艺提供了一些建议。 56．推理判断题。根据“For me, it’s a bit of all these things. I know it may sound strange for a 13-year-old girl to be interested in gardening, but I have always been and I would love to make a career (职业) out of it.”可知，园艺对作者来说，有着重要的意义。故可推知，作者在第一段告诉我们园艺对不同的人意味着不同的东西。故选D。 57．推理判断题。根据“Some of the gardens that I think are the prettiest are just lines of plants. There aren’t many garden decorations (装饰) and pathways. It’s just beautiful plants with fruits and vegetables.”可推知，作者描述的最喜欢的花园是简单的。故选A。 58．推理判断题。根据“We can also find many useful things for free, from pieces of old wood to old pots and pans. Or, we can build things for free from materials that other people have thrown away.”可推知，作者建议利用周围能找到的东西。故选A。 59．推理判断题。根据“I know it may sound strange for a 13-year-old girl to be interested in gardening, but I have always been and I would love to make a career (职业) out of it.”以及“It will save you a lot of stress.”可推知，她做这件事很开心。故选C。 考点五 标题归纳题 Passage 1（2025·泰安卷） Nowadays, some companies around the world are now offering humanoid (human-like) robots. They are being designed (设计) to look as human as possible. These products of technology are at the center of a debate (辩论): Should they be made to look like humans or just like what they are machines? Robots are playing an increasingly bigger role in our lives. In some countries, robots have been entertaining kids and helping the elderly. Some experts say robots will be more effective at such jobs if they look like humans. Research has shown that people feel closer to human-like robots. Also, human-like robots suit environments that are designed for humans. After all, the world is full of stairs (楼梯), hallways, shelves at shoulder height and sightlines at eye level. But other experts say robots don’t need to look like humans. Humanoid robots also have disadvantages. If robots look like us, we may expect them to act like us. However, they may make us disappointed because they can’t always do that yet. For example, they can’t laugh at the right moments during a conversation. Many people also find human-like robots scary. I think the human body is not the best design for many of the jobs we want robots to do. Just think of small, flat robot vacuums (真空吸尘器). They can go under a sofa to pick up the dust balls. Can human-like robots also do this? Even if robots can be made into humanlike ones, why do we limit (限定) them to two legs and two arms? Why not four and six so they can pick up the elderly or sick people comfortably? And that super intelligent AI almost certainly wouldn’t pick one body design to carry its mind around in. Why limit computational capacity (算力) to what fits inside a single head? What’s your opinion about robots’ shapes? 50. What’s the best title of this passage? A．The Development of Humanoid Robots B．A Debate about Improving the Services of Robots C．Should Robots Look like Humans? D．Different Robots, Different Services 【答案】50．D 【解析】本文主要针对机器人是否应该被设计得看起来像人类展开讨论。 50．最佳标题题。根据“Should they be made to look like humans or just like what they are machines?”可知，本文主要针对机器人是否应该被设计得看起来像人类展开讨论。故选C。 Passage 2（2024·临沂卷） On April 18 each year, people all over the world celebrate the International Day for Monuments and Sites (国际古迹遗址日). In China, young people are realizing the importance of their history and culture. Many are doing their best to protect Chinese cultural sites and try to promote (推广) them. Finding new artifacts (文物) Xu Danyang, a 29-year-old archaeologist (考古学家), found an amazing bronze statue (青铜像) at the Sanxingdui site in Sichuan. In 2021, he dug out this statue. In the beginning, his team thought it was a bird. But as they continued the digging, they had a surprise. It turned out (结果是) to be a statue of a man, about 16cm high. It shows a man kneeling with his head turned, and it surprises everyone who sees it. Making maps for protection Wu Yunjie who was born in the 1990s found a new way — by making a special map to show the best cultural sites in China. Wu is now famous on the Internet. He marked almost 10,000 places like old temples, towers, bridges and houses. Each site with colorful marks showed how special and important they are. As a kid, Wu loved going to a temple in his hometown in Ezhou, Hubei. However, it was pulled down years ago. He was sad and decided to record all the cultural sites in China. He started to travel across the country. He visits places in person and adds them to his map, making sure we all remember them. Now, Wu asks for help from people online to make his map better and better. And he hopes to share this amazing map with everyone who respects (尊重)history and culture soon. Making explanations (解释) fun Zhang Bin is a 31-year-old tour guide at Emperor Qinshihuang’s Mausoleum Site Museum in Xi’an, Shaanxi. He works to answer visitors’ questions about the famous Terracotta Warriors and shares all of his knowledge about them. Zhang often uses the traditional Chinese performance art of xiangsheng to explain them. He is doing something meaningful for the site. 16. What's the best title (标题) for the passage? A．Spreading Traditional Chinese Art B．Introducing Chinese Cultural Sites C．Respecting History with Action 【答案】16．C 【解析】本文主要介绍了中国年轻人通过不同的方式保护和推广中国的文化遗址。 16．最佳标题题。通读文章可知，文章主要介绍了中国年轻人通过不同的方式保护和推广中国的文化遗址，因此Respecting History with Action最能概括文章的主题。故选C。 Passage 3（2023·青岛卷） The 21-year-old student from the college of Special Education of Changchun University, Jilin Province, Zhan Junyi has been deaf since birth. But he has overcome great difficulties to achieve his dream of becoming a professional dancer, and is now able to hear music through an artificial cochlea (人工耳蜗). When he was 2, his parents took him to some training courses, and he learned to understand people by reading lips (嘴唇). During the slow and hard process, not only his parents but also some teachers from the training center offered great help to him. Thanks to their lasting efforts and help, Zhan had the chance to achieve as much as someone who can hear. Zhan had an artificial cochlea implanted (移植) when he was 4 years old. Then he was able to better understand people with its help. In the summer of 2008, Zhan watched a dance show of Avalokiteshvara Bodhisattva (千手观音) by the China Disabled People’s Performing Art Troupe (剧团) at the closing ceremony of the Beijing 2008 Paralympic Games (残奥会) on TV. Deeply moved by their excellent skill and energy, he began to watch videos of performances and competitions, learned to copy the movements and dreamed of becoming a dancer like them. After graduating from primary school in 2015, Zhan passed the exam for the troupe and began to learn dance with the other members. To help him keep up, his teacher repeatedly played the drum and told him where the beats and rhythm (节奏) points were. Then, the teacher also guided him by using sign language. What’s more, as his artificial cochlea could easily fall out, he had to wear a headband to help keep it in. Through lasting efforts and hard work, Zhan came to be perfect at dancing and entered Changchun University to study dance in 2021. In recent years, Zhan has built up lots of experience performing at events such as the opening and closing ceremonies of the Beijing 2022 Winter Paralympic Games and the 2023 Spring Festival Gala (春晚). After he graduates, Zhan wants to return to the troupe and become a national-level dancer. He hopes to help other children like him to learn how to dance and feel its joy. 30. What is the best title (题目) of the passage? A．A Helping Hand to a Deaf Boy B．A Brave Boy with a Hearing Problem C．A Dance Class for Disabled People D．A Deaf Dancer’s Road to Success 【答案】30．D 【解析】本文主要介绍了中国年轻人通过不同的方式保护和推广中国的文化遗址。 30. 最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了失聪的詹俊逸成为专业舞者的成功之路。用“A Deaf Dancer’s Road to Success.”做标题最合适。故选D。 考点六 篇章结构题 Passage 1（2025·菏泽卷） Imagine growing fuel (燃料) on trees or getting it from rubbish. Imagine cars that run on air or produce water, not pollution! All around the world, people are making surprising new fuels. Biogas is made from plants or natural waste by living things called bacteria (细菌). People can use animal and food waste to make biogas. Bacteria break the waste down in a special container (容器), and the gas (气体) is used for cooking and lights. Just one kilogram of waste produces enough biogas to make a light work for four hours. In Sweden, they even make biogas for cars from toilet waste! Biofuels are made from fuels that grow. It is great because we make it from the waste parts of plants that we already grow for food. The newest biofuels are made from very small living things called algae (藻类). Algae produce more energy than other biofuels, and they can grow in places where we do not grow food, like seas and wasteland. In Brazil, cars and buses have used bioethanol for years. The cleanest fuel is hydrogen (氢). When hydrogen burns, it just makes water, but this gas is difficult to produce. In 2010, engineers invented a machine which uses energy from the sun to make hydrogen. Other people are trying to use bacteria to make it. These “clean” ways of making hydrogen are still very new. If they become cheaper, we may all drive hydrogen cars in the future. Every year, scientists are inventing new ways to make super fuels from the things around us. Which energy technologies will we use most in the future? We do not know the answer to this question exactly. But we do know that we are starting to build a future without fossil fuels. 25. Which is the best structure (结构) of the passage? (P1=Paragraph 1…) A． B． C． 【答案】25．D 【解析】本文是说明文，主要介绍了几种新型燃料，包括沼气、生物燃料、氢燃料等，讲述它们的制作原料、特点等内容。 25. 篇章结构题。文章第1段总述世界各地人们在制造新型燃料；第2—4段分别介绍沼气、生物燃料、氢燃料；第5段总结科学家在发明制造超级燃料的新方法，未来会构建无化石燃料的未来，是“总—分—总”结构，与B选项结构相符，故选B。 Passage 2（2024·威海卷） ①Almost everybody has had pimples (青春痘). It is a normal part of growing up. When kids reach teens, their bodies experience many changes. During this period, most teenagers often develop pimples. Also, many people continue to have pimples after teens. What can a teenager or an adult do to deal with pimples? Unluckily, many ways are really just myths. ②Many people believe that popping (挤) pimples is the best way. Popping a pimple will cause more redness and pain, or even probably turn into an illness. For that reason, doctors normally encourage people not to pop their pimples. ③Also, do you think that washing your face often will be helpful? Of course, it is a good idea, but washing your face too much could make the skin painful, making the pimples even worse. ④Another widely believed myth is that not wearing make-up (化妆) can help lower the chance of developing pimples. In fact, some kinds of make-up actually have special medicine in them to fight pimples. As a result, not all of them are bad for you. ⑤Along with make-up, people believe that eating fatty foods or chocolate can cause pimples. The truth is that eating a candy or a piece of pizza will not cause pimples. Even so, both teenagers and adults should still try to eat foods that are good for their bodies and their skin. ⑥Another myth is that stress can cause pimples. Stress comes in many forms, like a big exam at school or problems with friends. While it is true that stress can cause a person’s skin to create extra oil, this extra oil does not necessarily cause more pimples. 10. What’s the structure of this passage? A． B． C． 【答案】10．D 【解析】本文主要讲述了青春痘的一些相关事实。 10. 篇章结构题。根据全文内容可知，第一段提出关于青春痘的问题；第二段至第六段分别解释不同的误区，故选B。 Passage 3（2023·临沂卷） Shanghai's First “Forest Library” On February 20th, 2023, the first “forest library” in Shanghai opened to the public. It’s known as Read & Joy Forest. Now readers can relax and read in a natural environment. The “forest library” was started by Pudong New Area and Shanghai Library. It is in a green space area near Shanghai Library East, which opened in September, 2022. With an area of 20, 546 square meters, it allows visitors to take an enjoyable walk in the quiet forest. The library is in the open air. It is designed to keep the forest as it is. To protect the forest, all the green spaces are connected by wooden walk ways. It offers many benches(长凳) and an information booth(亭) . “It’s not only a place for lending books, or a reading room, but also an open space for enjoying fresh air and the smell of trees. It offers different reading experiences to readers,” says Chen Chao, director of Shanghai Library. Most of the visitors to the “forest library” are young people and parents with their children. They enjoy reading in the woods or taking a walk in the forest. If you are looking for such a place away from busy world, then you must go there to enjoy reading outdoors. 3. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?(P=Paragraph) A． B． C． 【答案】3. D 【解析】本文主要介绍了上海首家“森林图书馆”。 3. 篇章结构题。文章第一段整体介绍了上海首家“森林图书馆”对外开放；第二、三段介绍了“森林图书馆”的大小和位置以及设计目的；第四、五段讲述了“森林图书馆”是远离繁忙世界的地方，人们可以在树林里看书或在森林里散步。故选C。 (一)细节理解题 题型：直接信息题、语义转换题、是非题、排序题、数字计算题等 设题方式 提问式： According to the passage/ the author, who (what, where, which, when, why, how, etc)? What does the writer think of…? Which of the following statements is true/correct/false/not true? Which of the following is/isn’t mentioned/not included? Which is the right order of the events given in the passage? 填空式： We learn from the last paragraph (the first paragraph, the text) that ___________. All of the following are (not) true/are (not) mentioned except ___________. 解题方法 1. 跳读查找法 这个方法的要点在于先看题干，带着问题读文章。以what, who, where, when, why, how 提问的问题，可以从文章中直接找到答案。做这类题时可以边读边做记号，能加强阅读的针对性，提高做题的准确率，节省宝贵的时间， 另外，运用跳读查找法解题时， 要特别注意试题以及选项与原文之间的适当变换。中考中很少有直接用原文中的句子进行考查和测试的，通常要进行一定的处理，而这种“处理”主要就是进行语义转换，其中包括同义变换、概念解析、归纳事实等。 2. 排除法 排序题也属于细节理解题的一种题型，它通常出现在说明文中。这类文章有明显的信息词，如first, to begin with, after that, afterwards, later, next, second, third, then, finally等。按照信息词的提示阅读，可以加快理解的进程。在做细节排序题时，首先要确定首或尾的答案，通常四个选项中会有两个选项的顺序类似，正确答案往往在这两个选项中选择，找到两者的不同之处，回到原文，进行核对，一旦确定，后面的排序就不用再比较了。 3. 简单计算法 数字计算题也是细节理解题的一种，要求对文章中提到的数据进行简单的加减乘除运算，以便得出符合题目要求的数据。解答这类题目时，首先要弄清题干的要求是什么，然后找到与它相关的数字，再对它们进行分析、整合，最后计算出正确答案。 (二)主旨大意题 主旨题可分为文章主旨和段落主旨两种。 命题模式如下： 1. 中心型 main/general idea subject/topic mainly/mostly about What is the passage / text / article mainly about?  What is the main / general idea of this passage?  This passage mainly tells us about / that ______.  What is the topic / subject of the article?  Which subject is discussed in the text?  2. 最佳标题型:  title/headline What is the best title for this text / passage / article?  Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?   3. 写作目的型:  purpose The purpose of this article / passage / text is to_______.  The author’s main purpose of writing the passage is ______. What is the writer’s purpose of writing this passage?  The article has been written to explain _______. The passage is meant to ________． The author's purpose is to show ________．  解题办法： 1. 仔细审题，看好范围。正确的选项的特点是：一般不出现细节信息，不含过于肯定或绝对的词语。 2. 使用略读（skimming）, 迅速将全段或全文浏览一遍。明确文章各部分的主旨和文章的结构可以帮助更准确的归纳全文主旨，因此，要养成概括各段中心和把握文章结构的习惯 3. 特别注意全文或所问段落的首句和尾句，因为他们常常是主旨要义的体现。段落中出现转折时，该句很可能是主题句；作者有意识地反复重复的观点通常是主旨；首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的解答通常就是文章主旨，同时还要注意哪些提出文章主旨时常伴有的文字提示：therefore, thus, but , however, in short 等等 4. 作者的写作目的通常有三种： 1.科普说明文或新闻报告：告知读者某些信息 2.个人的有趣经历或幽默故事类的文章：娱乐读者 3.广告和议论文：说服读者接受某种产品或观点 4.夹叙夹议的文章：其目的是让读者得到某种启示或教育 (三)推理判断 推理判断题主要包括推断隐含意思、推断目标读者、推断观点态度、推断文章出处、推断写作意图等。尤以推断隐含意义的题居多 推断隐含意义 推断隐含意义的题干中常含infer(推断)，suggest(暗示)，imply(暗示)，indicate(暗示)，conclude(推断，得出结论)等词语。常见的题干设题形式如下： 1．We can know from the passage that ________． 2. We can infer from the (first/last) passage that ________． 3．The passage/author implies/suggests that ______． 4．It can be concluded from the passage that ________． 5．The underlined sentence indicates that ________． 技巧：原文直接说的不选:推理题要求选“话里有话”的隐含内容。如果一个选项在原文中直接写出来了，那 它一定不是推理题的答案。 选“温和的"不选“绝对的”：正确答案常带有may、might、probably、can等委婉表达；而出现must、only、never、all等绝对词的选项往往是陷阱。 (四)词义猜测题 词义题的考查有两种：一是超纲词含义的推断，另一个是熟词僻义或是在特定场合的意思。其命题模式如下： (1)what does the underlined word “…”mean? (2)The underlined phrase (word, sentence) “…” most probably means ________ . (3)The phrase (word, sentence) suggests________. (4)From the passage, we can infer that the word “…”is__________. (5)According to passage, what is “…”_______？ (6)When the author says that…, he means _________. 技巧：上下文逻辑是唯一依据，不靠背过的词义，而是根据语境推断 并列关系(and,or,also)：前后词义相近 转折关系(but,however,although)：前后词义相反 解释说明(that is,in other words, or，破折号、冒号)：后面直接给定义 举例(such as,like,for example)：通过例子反推 1.审视标题，抓住中心 2.浏览全文，掌握全貌 (快速通读全文，尤其是首两段) 3.细读题目，抓住要点 (带着问题去看文章，进行选择或判断答案；要善于找关键句，特别要注意文章的第一段和最后一段的头一句话，往往就是关键句，可以帮助你掌握文章的全貌，理解文章的主题) 4.细读文章，掌握细节 (可边读边用铅笔做些记录，把有关的人物、事件、时间、地点、起因（即五个W：who， what， when， where， why）划出来） 5.理解大意，初选答案 (应在文中找出依据，把答案代入文中，再确定正误） 6.复读全文，核对答案 (对照题目，推测判断，确保理解无误） 7.瞻前顾后，首尾突破 （抓住首尾，迎刃而解） A （2025·山东滨州·中考真题） Summer vacation is coming. Would you like to have a wonderful trip? We offer different tours to you. Let’s check out the latest comments (评论) visitors shared online. Feel free to create your own trip. Tour 1 Beijing——Xi’anThe tour on this route (路线) was perfect for history lovers like me. I lost myself in the beautiful scenes and places of interest. I visited Tian’anmen Square and the Palace Museum in Beijing. The Terracotta Army in Xi’an is a wonder in the world, and it’s worth visiting. I tasted Beijing duck and Biangbiang noodles. —Teng Fei Tour 2 Shanghai—ShenzhenWhat an exciting trip! Traveling in these two cities was like being in a science fiction movie! I was amazed at the rapid development of them. Both cities are full of cool things like robot cafes and self-driving cars. The Oriental Pearl Tower (东方明珠) in Shanghai looks as if it touches the clouds. I also enjoyed Cantonese cuisine (粤菜) in Shenzhen. —Li Xin Tour 3 Chengdu—ChongqingI spent a meaningful time in Chengdu. I had an experience to volunteer at the Chengdu Research Base to look after pandas. Two days later, I went to Chongqing. I tasted delicious hot pot and noodles there. I enjoyed the beauty of this city at night, and lights were shining brightly across the city. —Han Mei Tour 4 Qingdao—Tai’anQingdao is a really beautiful city. I had a relaxing sunbath on the fascinating beach and enjoyed delicious seafood there. The trip to Tai’an was also wonderful. When I climbed up to the top of Mount Taishan, I was surprised at the beautiful scene. The trees and rocks looked like a painting. —Lu Jiaqi 1．Which picture is about Teng Fei’s trip? A． B． C． D． 2．How was Li Xin’s trip according to the passage? A．Tiring but perfect. B．Meaningful and relaxing. C．Exciting and amazing. D．Embarrassing but educational. 3．Who volunteered to look after pandas during the trip? A．Han Mei. B．Li Xin. C．Lu Jiaqi. D．Teng Fei. 4．According to the passage, the visitors all shared _________ in their comments. ①traditional art forms        ②beautiful scenes ③public transportation        ④local delicious food A．①③ B．①④ C．②③ D．②④ 5．Where is the passage probably from? A．A storybook. B．A science report. C．A travel website. D．A sports magazine. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文介绍了四条不同的旅游线路以及游客们对这些线路的评论。 1．细节理解题。根据“I visited Tian’anmen Square and the Palace Museum in Beijing. The Terracotta Army in Xi’an is a wonder in the world, and it’s worth visiting.”可知，天安门广场、故宫博物院和兵马俑是Teng Fei旅行中参观的地方，选项B符合。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“What an exciting trip! Traveling in these two cities was like being in a science fiction movie! I was amazed at the rapid development of them.”可知，Li Xin的旅行是令人兴奋和惊叹的。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“I spent a meaningful time in Chengdu. I had an experience to volunteer at the Chengdu Research Base to look after pandas.”可知，Han Mei在旅行中志愿照顾熊猫。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据对四条旅游线路的描述可知，Teng Fei提到了美丽的景色和北京烤鸭、Biangbiang面；Li Xin提到了令人惊叹的景色和粤菜；Han Mei提到了美丽的夜景和火锅、面条；Lu Jiaqi提到了美丽的景色和海鲜。所以游客们在评论中都分享了美丽的景色和当地的美食。故选D。 5．推理判断题。文章主要介绍了四条不同的旅游线路以及游客们的评论，所以这篇文章可能来自一个旅游网站。故选C。 B （2023·山东德州·中考真题） Short online courses Choose from thousands of online courses from top universities.Explore featured courses The spirit of sports: fair play, teamwork, a never-give-up attitude (态度) Discover the passion and happiness of playing ball games What do you need to know about ball games? How can you improve your skills and build a strong body? How can you work as a team? Join us! BasketballSkills to be improved:shooting, passing, dribbling, team play Requirements: age 12; height 175 cm+ Time: 19th June—16th July Coach: Zhang Qiang Tel: 0531-55660266 Developed by: Shandong Sport University FootballSkills to be improved: passing, shooting, goalkeeping Requirements: age 15; height 165—175cm Time: 10th September—30th October Coach: Mr Lai Email: footballLife@ dundun.com Developed by: Tianjin University of Sport Table tennisSkills to be improved:brainpower Requirements: basic ping-pong skills; age 8+ Time: 10th July—30th July Coach: Professor Lin Tel: 010-8000-7000 Developed by: Beijing Sport University VolleyballSkills to be improved: passing, serving, spiking, teamwork Requirements: age 14+ Time: 10th July—6th September Coach: Wang Wei Email: werw, weilovevolleyball@121.com Developed by: Chengdu Sport University When would you like to start? Start straight away and join a global classroom of learners. If the course hasn’t started yet, you’ll see the future date below. Learning on the courses On every step of the courses you can meet other learners from all over the world, share your ideas and join in with active discussions in the comments (评论). 1．When does the basketball course start? A．June 19th. B．July 16th. C．September 10th. D．July 10th. 2．Who will you learn with in the football course? A．Zhang Qiang. B．Mr Lai. C．Professor Lin. D．Wang Wei. 3．If you are 13 and 1.65 meters tall, which course can you take? A．Basketball. B．Football. C．Table tennis. D．Volleyball. 4．Who developed the volleyball course? A．Shandong Sport University. B．Tianjin University of Sport. C．Beijing Sport University. D．Chengdu Sport University. 5．Who are the courses for? A．Learners around the world. B．Learners from China only. C．University students only. D．Coaches only. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了短期体育网络课程的信息。 1．细节理解题。根据“Time: 19th June—16th July”可知篮球课程是在6月19号开始。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Coach: Mr Lai”可知足球教练是赖先生。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“age 8+”可知乒乓球课程要求年龄在8岁以上，且没有身高限制。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Developed by: Chengdu Sport University”可知成都体育大学开发了排球课程。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据“On every step of the courses you can meet other learners from all over the world”可知课程适合来自世界各地的学习者。故选A。 C （2025·山东菏泽·三模） In 2025, 15-year-old Li Hua from China achieved a remarkable victory in the World Junior Robotics Competition held in Tokyo, Japan. Li Hua’s team showed a robot named “Swift – Helper”. This robot was designed to help disaster - stricken areas. It could navigate (导航) through rubble (瓦砾), look for survivors, and deliver emergency supplies. “Swift-Helper” outperformed (胜过) robots from 20 other countries. Li Hua said, “We’ve been working on this robot for over a year. There were so many challenges. Winning this competition is not just an honor for me but also an encouragement for all the young people interested in robotics. I hope more students will join in and contribute to this field.” Located 30 kilometers west of Xi’an, Western Han Dynasty Tombs opened to the public in 2025. This park contains a series of tombs from the Western Han Dynasty. Visitors can explore the underground rooms, which are filled with a large number of cultural relics (遗迹). These relics provide precious materials for studying the social life, art, and craftsmanship (手艺) of the Western Han Dynasty. Moreover, the park has adopted advanced digital display techniques, visitors can have an experience, “seeing” how the ancient people lived and worked. It has become popular for both history lovers and tourists. “E-Storybook”, a new e-reading app specifically designed for children, was launched in 2025. This app offers a collection of children’s stories, including classic fairy tales, modern fables, and educational stories. It has interactive (交互的) features. Children cant tap (敲击) on the characters in the stories to hear their voices, and there are also mini - games related to the story plots. For example, after reading a story about a journey in the forest, children can play a game to find hidden treasures in the virtual (虚拟) forest. An exhibition was held in Shanghai from July 1-10, 2025, to promote the app. At the exhibition, children had a great time experiencing the fun of the app. 1．Who won the World Junior Robotics Competition in 2025? A．A team from Japan. B．Li Hua’s team. C．Robots from 20 countries. 2．Where can visitors see cultural relics from the Western Han Dynasty in 2025? A．In Xi’an city center. B．In a park 30 kilometers west of Xi’an. C．In a modern art museum. 3．What is “E–Storybook”? A．A physical storybook for children. B．An app with only classic fairy tales. C．A new e-reading app with interactive features for children. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了2025年发生的几件重要事情：15岁的中国少年李华在世界青少年机器人大赛中获胜，其团队设计的“Swift-Helper”机器人用于帮助灾区；西安以西30公里的西汉古墓群公园向公众开放，游客可参观地下墓室和文化遗迹；以及一款专为儿童设计的交互式电子阅读应用“E-Storybook”推出，并举办展览推广。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“In 2025, 15-year-old Li Hua from China achieved a remarkable victory in the World Junior Robotics Competition held in Tokyo, Japan. Li Hua’s team showed a robot named ‘Swift – Helper’.”可知，2025年李华的团队在世界青少年机器人大赛中获胜。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Located 30 kilometers west of Xi’an, Western Han Dynasty Tombs opened to the public in 2025. This park contains a series of tombs from the Western Han Dynasty. Visitors can explore the underground rooms, which are filled with a large number of cultural relics (遗迹).”可知，2025年游客可以在西安以西30公里的一个公园里看到西汉时期的文化遗迹。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“‘E-Storybook’, a new e-reading app specifically designed for children, was launched in 2025. This app offers a collection of children’s stories, including classic fairy tales, modern fables, and educational stories. It has interactive (交互的) features.”可知，“E - Storybook”是一款专为儿童设计的具有交互功能的新型电子阅读应用程序。故选C。 D （2025·山东菏泽·三模） Explore the World beyond (超越) Books Ever wanted to explore (探索) the world indoors? Come to the Hangzhou Public Library! Who: 50 children aged 13 to 16 When: 13:30-17:30, on Saturday, April 26, 2025 Where: Hangzhou Public Library How much: free What to do at the event: The event space is filled with stalls (摊位), each stall for a different country. At each stall, there is a foreign volunteer to introduce their country and culture using pictures, tools, and local handicrafts (手工艺品). Remember to follow the steps below: Come and learn about different countries and cultures in a fun way! First come, first served! 1．What time will the event end on that day? A．At 3:30 p.m. B．At 4:30 p.m. C．At 5:30 p.m. 2．What's the first step in taking part in the event? A．Sign your name on the map. B．Get a travel bag and a passport. C．Tour around stalls and collect passport stamps. 3．In which part of a magazine can we read the passage? A．Art. B．Music. C．Geography. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 【导语】这是一则活动通知，介绍了杭州图书馆将于4月26日为13-16岁的孩子举办一场探索各国文化的活动，包括时间、地点、参与方式等内容。 1．细节理解题。根据“When: 13:30-17:30, on Saturday, April 26, 2025”可知活动在4月26日下午1点半开始，5点半结束。故选C。 2．细节理解题。结合所提供的活动流程图，“Sign your name on the map.”是第一步，故选A。 3．推理判断题。文章主要介绍了一项文化类活动，涉及国家地理与文化知识，最可能出现在杂志的Geography（地理）栏目中。故选C。 E （2026·山东滨州·一模） Ghofran Shamseldin, a girl from Sudan, first learned about Chinese culture in high school through a book, an Arabic translation of Yu Hua’s novel To Live. The book tells about a poor farmer who faces many difficulties and loses almost everyone he loves, but he never gives up. “The book deeply touched me. It made me understand that just being alive, even with pain and loneliness, is the deepest form of strength (力量). So I decided to learn Chinese,” said Shamseldin. At that time, Shamseldin could still see, though she had an eye problem. Over the next few years, her condition got worse. When she studied Chinese at the University of Khartoum, she could only read by shining a flashlight on the pages to see the shapes of the Chinese characters (汉字). In 2019, Shamseldin got a chance to study as an exchange student in China. Although she needed help getting around the school, she managed to cook and wash clothes on her own. “My new classmates and friends didn’t know about my condition at first-it wasn’t easy to tell. Every time, I had to find a way to explain. It wasn’t easy, but by doing so, I learned to accept myself,” Shamseldin says. In July, 2024, Shamseldin returned to Sudan. But war broke out, her family had to move many times until they finally settled down (安顿下来) the next year. Life became hard for them. Just as she felt completely hopeless, she was offered a job to teach Chinese online at her old college. A few months later, she couldn’t see completely. She experienced her second “reading” of To Live-this time by listening to it. “I think Chinese has a magic power. Re-reading the hardships (艰难) of the main character gives me the strength to face difficulties,” she says “It’s like the sunshine in my life that helps me go through the darkness.” 1．Shamseldin decided to learn Chinese because ________. A．she was moved by the novel To Live B．her eye problem got worse over time C．she studied Chinese at the University of Khartoum 2．Which is the right order of the facts about Shamseldin? ①She “read” To Live again by listening to it. ②She taught Chinese online at her old college. ③She studied in China as an exchange student. A．①③② B．②①③ C．③②① 3．Which of the following can best describe Shamseldin? A．Helpful, polite and honest. B．Brave, strong and hard-working. C．Humorous, patient and responsible. 4．What can we learn from Shamseldin’s story? A．No road to success is without failures. B．A man becomes learned by asking questions. C．Hope gives people the strength to overcome difficulties. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文讲述了苏丹女孩Ghofran Shamseldin因小说《活着》结缘中文，在视力恶化、战乱流离等重重困境中，仍以中文和书籍为力量，勇敢面对生活的故事。 1．由“The book deeply touched me. It made me understand that just being alive, even with pain and loneliness, is the deepest form of strength. So I decided to learn Chinese.”可知，Shamseldin决定学习中文是因为被《活着》这本书深深打动。 2．Shamseldin先在2019年作为交换生在中国学习，战乱返回苏丹后于2024年7月在母校教授中文，几个月后完全失明并通过听的方式再次“阅读”《活着》。 3．Shamseldin在视力不断恶化、战乱流离的困境中，仍坚持学习中文、独立生活、勇敢面对失明，并从书籍中汲取力量，体现出她勇敢、坚强且勤奋的品质。 4．Shamseldin在生活接连遭遇打击时，始终以《活着》和中文为精神寄托，在绝望中找到希望与力量，这说明希望能给予人们克服困难的力量。 F （2025·山东泰安·三模） Wang Zizhong, a 78-year-old farmer from Ciyu village in Shandong, has devoted the past 42 years of his life to greening mountains and protecting forests with his family. In 1983, Wang Zizhong saw the poor hills to the north of Ciyu and started thinking about planting trees on them. The serious soil erosion (土壤侵蚀) on the mountains had greatly influenced the lives of the villagers. He left his job as a teacher, rented the land from the local government and took on the task of greening the poor hills. He led his family up the mountains and began the arduous journey of planting trees. At that time, he and his wife left their two teenage sons in the cave while the couple dug holes for the trees. There were no roads, so Wang had to carry tree seedlings and water on his shoulder and walk kilometers to the mountains. The water he carried each time could only water seven or eight trees. So he had to make many trips every day. The family would stay on the mountains for over a month at a time. They slept in the cave, ate pancakes and drank mountain stream water. In 1997, Wang’s wife passed away suddenly from a heart attack while she was on the mountains. However, Wang didn’t give up. He continued to live and work on the mountains, planting trees. As Wang grew older, he passed on the task of forest protection to his son. Influenced by his father, Wang Tao took over the job and worked hard every day to carry on the family’s work. Over 42 years, the Wang family has planted over 200,000 trees, covering more than 133 hectares. Their efforts have turned the poor mountains into green forests, leaving a “green treasure” for future and showing that the idea of green development is increasingly taking root in people’s hearts. 1．Why did Wang Zizhong decide to plant trees? A．He wanted to improve local life. B．He hoped to make more money. C．It was a good way to keep himself busy. D．The government called on people to do so. 2．What does the underlined word “arduous” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Educational. B．Difficult. C．Interesting. D．Boring. 3．What did Wang Zizhong do after his wife’s death? A．He greened the hills as usual. B．He suffered from a serious disease. C．He chose to stay on the mountains alone. D．He let his son continue his work at once. 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The harm of soil erosion to a village. B．A villager’s teaching career and later life. C．The road to forest protection in Ciyu village. D．A family’s long-term efforts to green mountains. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文讲述了山东慈峪村78岁农民王子忠，42年来带领家人绿化荒山、保护森林的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“The serious soil erosion (土壤侵蚀) on the mountains had greatly influenced the lives of the villagers. He left his job... and took on the task of greening the poor hills.”可知，说明王子忠种树是为改善当地因土壤侵蚀影响的生活。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据“no roads, carry tree seedlings and water... make many trips every day”可知，种树过程很艰难。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Wang didn’t give up. He continued to live and work on the mountains, planting trees.”可知，即妻子去世后他继续像往常一样绿化荒山。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。通读原文可知，文章围绕王子忠一家42年绿化荒山、保护森林的长期努力展开。故选D。 G （2025·山东临沂·二模） ①Gu Jinling, a 12-year-old girl from Beijing, has become a social media influencer with over 2.5 million followers, catching fans with her special Chinese-style costume dances. Viewers are crazy about her beautiful costumes and the rich classical culture in her performances. They are also amazed by her excellent dance skills at such a young age. However, as online users jokingly say, Gu is already an “old artist”. She began learning dance at the age of 3 and has been practicing for nearly 10 years ②Gu trained in ballet at first but began learning Chinese classical dance at the age of 6, attracted by its costumes, which she found “even prettier” than those of ballet. However, learning classical dance well needs a deep understanding of traditional Chinese culture. ③Gu’s home is filled with books on Chinese wall paintings, which she studies the expressions and actions of the shown characters. When visiting different cities, she often visits museums, closely watching the main points in ancient sculptures. ④For Gu, paying attention to details is important in catching the key points of ancient Chinese style. For example, in the classic Dunhuang dance pose “Rebound Pipa” (反抱琵琶), the eyes must look downward before looking far away, creating a sense of paying no attention to the world. The “Floating Clouds” dance movement, which covers the use of long silk ribbons, requires unusual control to achieve the good effect. ⑤Another challenging character of Dunhuang dance is the changes of foot positions, including flexed (弯曲) feet, pointed feet, toes (脚趾) flexed on a pointed foot, and toes flexed on a flexed foot. “I don’t feel much pain doing these movements because years of practice have made them natural,” Gu said. ⑥However, a child’s body is naturally more flexible, and movements that once came easily now require greater effort and practice. Since last year, Gu has spent more time mastering basic dance skills and so on. 1．What’s Paragraph 1 mainly about? A．What dance skills Gu uses. B．How many followers Gu has had. C．What makes Gu a social media influencer. 2．The writer mentions Gu’s classic Dunhuang dance ________. A．to show Gu pays attention to details B．to explain Gu puts a lot of effort into it C．to prove this dance is very difficult 3．What does the underlined word “them” refer to in paragraph 5? A．Feet. B．Toes. C．Foot positions. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤⑥ B．①/②③/④⑤/⑥ C．①②/③④/⑤⑥ 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文讲述北京12岁女孩谷金玲凭借中国风舞蹈成为社交媒体网红，介绍其舞蹈学习经历、对细节的注重及训练中的挑战。 1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Gu Jinling, a 12-year-old girl from Beijing, has become a social media influencer with over 2.5 million followers, catching fans with her special Chinese-style costume dances.”指出谷金玲成为网红，接着从“中国风服装舞蹈、古典文化、舞蹈技巧”等方面说明其吸引粉丝的原因。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段首句“paying attention to details is important”为主题句，随后以敦煌舞“反抱琵琶”“浮云”为例，证明其对细节的重视。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据第五段首句“nother challenging character of Dunhuang dance is the changes of foot positions, including flexed feet, pointed feet, toes flexed on a pointed foot, and toes flexed on a flexed foot.”提到敦煌舞脚部姿势的变化，接着引用谷金玲的话做这些动作不觉得疼，可知them指代前文foot positions。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。①总述谷金玲成为网红及舞蹈背景；②③介绍其从芭蕾转向古典舞的原因及文化学习；④⑤具体说明对舞蹈细节的把控；⑥讲述成长后训练难度增加。结构为“总—分”。故选B。 H （2025·山东德州·二模） Over 400 pieces of Dehua white porcelain (德化白瓷) were shown in the National Museum of China in Beijing. This type of porcelain comes from Dehua county in Fujian Province where it acquires its name and has a history that goes back to the Song Dynasty. Now, it’s famous all over the world. Dehua white porcelain is known for its snow white color. An artist named Chen Chao says that it’s white because kaolin (高岭土) found in Dehua county has only a little iron. This makes the porcelain as white as jade (玉石). In France, it’s called “Blanc deChine”, which means “white from China”. The porcelain is also praised for its “eggshell technique”. This technique has a long history and has gotten better overtime. Now, workers can make the porcelain as thin as paper or as an eggshell. At the show, the artwork “Paper” drew much attention. It looks exactly like a roll of paper on the table, but actually it’s a piece of porcelain. Many visitors wondered ____________. The process starts with putting kaolin on paper. Then, the paper and kaolin are heated in a kiln (窑) for a few days until they turn into what the maker wants them to be. By then, only the kaolin is left. Heating the shaped kaolin is not easy. Workers must be very careful to make sure the clay stays the same when it’s heated. The temperature and the mix of the clay are key. Every component in the mix must be just right. In 2006, Dehua white porcelain was named a part of China’s national intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产). By mixing old Chinese art skills with new science, Dehua white porcelain helps to grow the pride of Chinese culture. 1．How does Dehua porcelain get its name? A．From its special shape. B．From its place of production. C．From its material. D．From its inventor. 2．Choose the best sentence to fill in the blank “________” in Paragraph 3. A．how many colors it could be B．how it could be made from kaolin C．how long it takes to make the artwork D．what shapes kaolin could be made into 3．Why is Dehua white porcelain famous? A．Because of its long history. B．Because of its making process. C．Because of the kaolin full of iron. D．Because of its color and thickness. 4．What does the underlined word “component” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Temperature. B．Technology. C．Process. D．Material. 5．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Dehua white porcelain bridges the old and the young. B．Dehua white porcelain spreads Chinese culture around the world. C．Dehua white porcelain takes its leadership in the china making industry. D．Dehua white porcelain plays an important role in increasing people’s confidence in Chinese culture. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了德化白瓷的历史、特点、制作工艺及其在中国文化中的重要地位。 1．细节理解题。根据“This type of porcelain comes from Dehua county in Fujian Province where it acquires its name”可知，德化白瓷的名称来自产地。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“The process starts with putting kaolin on paper. Then, the paper and kaolin are heated in a kiln (窑) for a few days until they turn into what the maker wants them to be. By then, only the kaolin is left.”可知，下面讲述的是用高岭土制作瓷器的过程，游客好奇的是作品如何由高岭土制成。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“Dehua white porcelain is known for its snow white color.”及“Now, workers can make the porcelain as thin as paper or as an eggshell.”可知，德化白瓷以雪白色和“薄如薄纸或蛋壳”的特点广受称赞，可见其因颜色和厚度而闻名。故选D。 4．词句猜测题。根据“The temperature and the mix of the clay are key. Every component in the mix must be just right.”可知，component为混合原料中的组成部分，即“材料”之意。故选D。 5．推理判断题。根据“By mixing old Chinese art skills with new science, Dehua white porcelain helps to grow the pride of Chinese culture.”可知，德化白瓷在增强中国文化自信方面发挥作用。故选D。 I （2025·山东济宁·三模） Some cool inventions are listed in Science Magazine’s 25 best inventions these years. They are “making the world better, smarter and in some cases, a little more fun”, according to the magazine’s website. Do you want to learn more about some of the inventions? Let’s find out. Spark is a new type of drones (飞行器) made by a Chinese company in Shenzhen called DJI. It can help people take photos and videos. Spark might be the smallest drone ever made. When folded, it is as small as a can of cola. The coolest part is that users can control the small drone just by using hand gestures. For example, if you wave your hand from left to right, the drone will fly in the same direction. When you want it to land, you just put your hand out. The drone will come to you and land on your hand. Robots may not be good communicators. But Jibo, made by US company Jibo Inc, may be different. With a big, round head and round, fat body. Jibo looks like a cartoon character. As soon as you say, “Hey, Jibo.” It will smile, dance and turn to face you. When it talks to you, it moves its head and body naturally to communicate with you. Although it has no eyes or mouth, Jibo uses animated icons (生动的表情), such as a smile icon, to show feelings. Right now, Jibo can only do some basic things, like taking photos or reading the news to you. But it may learn to do more in the future. There have been many great inventions that changed the way we live and work. This is certainly just a beginning. New inventions will someday allow us to do things we have never dreamed of. 1．According to the passage, which of the following best describes Spark? A．It might be bigger than any other drones. B．It is controlled by using hand gestures. C．It can only fly towards the same direction. D．It is created by a US company. 2．What do the two inventions have in common? A．Both of them are made by Chinese companies. B．Both of them have big bodies. C．Both of them can fly in the sky. D．Both of them can help us take photos. 3．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? (P= Paragraph) A． B． C． D． 4．What is the writer’s attitude (态度) to Jibo? A．Doubtful. B．Hopeful. C．Awful. D．Thankful. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文介绍了《科学杂志》评选的25项最佳发明中的两项：Spark无人机和Jibo机器人。 1．细节理解题。根据“The coolest part is that users can control the small drone just by using hand gestures”可知Spark是一种小型无人机，可以通过手势控制。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“It can help people take photos and videos.”以及“Right now, Jibo can only do some basic things, like taking photos or reading the news to you”可知Spark和Jibo都可以拍照。故选D。 3．篇章结构题。第一段引出话题；第二和第三段介绍了两个发明；第四段进行总结。故选A。 4．观点态度题。根据“Right now, Jibo can only do some basic things, like taking photos or reading the news to you. But it may learn to do more in the future.”可知作者认为Jibo在未来可以做更多事情，所以作者对它充满了希望。故选B。 J （2025·山东日照·中考真题） Lightning usually destroys (破坏) trees it hits. But scientists have found an amazing tree. It not only lives through lightning strikes (击中) but actually grows better because of them! For years, scientists thought lightning was only bad for trees. But as they explored places like the Amazon rainforest, they started to think there could be trees that fight against lightning. It wasn’t until about 100 years ago that such “super trees” were discovered. Now, they know of a tree that uses lightning’s power to kill nearby trees and get more sunlight and nutrients (营养) for itself. In 2015, scientist Evan Gora saw a Dipteryx oleifera tree, which had been struck by strong lightning. It wasn’t badly harmed while the neighboring trees were killed. Scientists thought this tree could handle lightning, but there was no way to be sure. Gora and his team saw more of these trees that grew well after lightning strikes. So, they did a study. They followed 93 trees struck by lightning for 2—6 years. They found that all 9 Dipteryx oleifera trees in the study survived with little harm. But 84 other trees were badly hurt, and 64% of them died within two years. These Dipteryx oleifera trees are very tall and have wide tops, making them 68% more likely to be struck by lightning than other trees. During the study, one of the Dipteryx trees was struck twice in 5 years yet continued to grow well. At present, more studies suggest that these trees attract (吸引) lightning on purpose to destroy other trees and grow better. Scientists are not sure how these trees survive lightning, but they guess it may involve the trees’ ability to carry electricity. They are also interested in other trees with similar characteristics. 1．What is special about the Dipteryx oleifera tree? A．It dies quickly after lightning strikes. B．It takes in nutrients directly from lightning. C．It grows better after being struck by lightning. D．It avoids lightning by hiding under other trees. 2．What does the underlined word “handle” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Mix up. B．Give out. C．Suffer from. D．Deal with. 3．Why do Dipteryx oleifera trees attract lightning? A．To get more water from the sky. B．To kill nearby trees for growth. C．To become shorter and stronger. D．To protect other trees around them. 4．What might scientists do next according to the text? A．Plant more Dipteryx oleifera trees. B．Study how trees attract lightning better. C．Find out where Dipteryx oleifera trees live. D．Look for more trees that can survive lightning. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了油桃木这种特殊的树，它被闪电击中后不仅能存活还生长得更好，科学家对其展开研究并将探索更多类似特性的树。 1．细节理解题。根据“But scientists have found an amazing tree. It not only lives through lightning strikes (击中) but actually grows better because of them!”以及后文对油桃木的研究描述可知，油桃木被闪电击中后生长得更好，故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据前文描述油桃木被闪电击中却未受严重伤害，“Scientists thought this tree could handle lightning”意思是科学家认为这种树能够应对闪电，“handle”在这里是“处理，应对”的意思，与“deal with”意思相近，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Now, they know of a tree that uses lightning’s power to kill nearby trees and get more sunlight and nutrients (营养) for itself.”可知，油桃木吸引闪电是为了杀死附近的树从而获取更多阳光和营养以生长，故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“They are also interested in other trees with similar characteristics.”可知，科学家接下来可能会寻找更多能在闪电袭击后存活的树，故选D。 K （2025·山东济宁·三模） I’m forty and it’s been sixteen years since I left school. Although I have few regrets about my education, there are a few things I wish I’d known earlier as a girl. 1. Keep Trying Even If You Fail As kids, we try new things fearlessly. If we make mistakes, we keep trying until we learn. But once school starts, parents and teachers usually only praise us when we do things perfectly. What happens? We stop trying new things because we’re afraid of getting them wrong. I now remind myself: “I refuse to quit halfway until I make it.” 2. Compare Yourself to Yourself I always wanted to be the best, and one way of feeling good about myself was to see how much better I was than others. There was only one problem with this. When I saw they were better than me, I felt terrible. But now, instead of comparing myself to others, I ask: “Did I give my best effort?” 3. Don’t Worry Too Much How much energy do we waste worrying about the future? I used to worry a lot. Now I know most things you fear usually never happen. If they happen, then they will most often not be as bad as you expected. Yes, most fears are imaginary. In 6 months, you probably won’t even remember most of the things you worry about now. If I could go back in time, I would tell my younger self these three important lessons. They would have helped me face challenges with more confidence. 1．What does “afraid of getting them wrong” mean in Para.2? A．Happy to try new things. B．Scared of making mistakes. C．Excited about challenges. D．Angry at failing tests. 2．How does the writer deal with competition now? A．She avoids competing with others to stay happy. B．She asks friends for help when facing challenges. C．She works much harder than others to be the best. D．She tries to improve herself instead of comparing. 3．What does the writer think about worrying? A．Worrying helps us prepare for challenges. B．People should worry more to avoid mistakes. C．Most worries aren't as bad as we imagine. D．Only smart people worry about the future. 4．What is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过回顾自己的成长经历，分享了三个重要的生活教训：即使失败也要继续尝试、与自己比较而不是与他人比较、不要过度担心未来。文章旨在鼓励读者以更积极的态度面对生活中的挑战。 1．词句猜测题。根据文章第2段“We stop trying new things because we’re afraid of getting them wrong”可知，我们停止尝试新事物，因为我们害怕出错，所以划线句子“afraid of getting them wrong”意为“害怕犯错”。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“But now, instead of comparing myself to others, I ask: ‘Did I give my best effort?’”可知，作者现在更注重自我提升，而不是与他人比较。故选D。 3．观点态度题。根据文章第4段“Now I know most things you fear usually never happen. If they happen, then they will most often not be as bad as you expected”可知，作者认为大多数担忧并不像我们想象的那么严重。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。文章的结构是第一段先引入主题，第二到第四段分别阐述三个教训，最后一段总结，属于总分总结构。故选A。 L （2025·山东菏泽·一模） Blind box toys have become very popular recently in China. For many young people, not knowing what is inside the box until they open it adds more surprise and fun to their buying experience. More and more companies start selling their goods in blind boxes, such as stationery, books and even flights (航班). However, some of them have really gone too far. On May 3, 160 little dogs and cats were found inside a van at a delivery station (快递站点) in Chengdu. Like other goods, they were packed in boxes to be sent to different places through the post. According to the Weibo account of the Chinese animal—rescue (动物救助) group Chengdu Aizhijia Animal Rescue Center, when volunteers found those animals, four of them were dead and many were sick. All of them were under three months old. In fact, the sale of blind box pets is nothing new. On Taobao and Pinduoduo, some live animals were being sold for prices as low as 9.9 yuan. Lots of animals on sale died on their way to their buyers or within weeks after arriving. As a rule set by those pet shops, buyers cannot return whatever they get because that is how blind boxes work. So if the buyer gets a dead cat in the post, that’s bad luck! The delivery company, ZTO (中通快递), has apologized on Weibo for collecting live animals from sellers for delivery, but public anger is not cooling down. People are calling for an end to the crazy sale of blind box pets. State media also asks buyers and sellers of such blind boxes to have more kindness and more respect for life. 1．Why do people like to buy blind boxes? A．Because it can save people’s money. B．Because it can add more surprise and fun to their buying experience. C．Because it can save people’s time. 2．What can the buyer do if he/she gets a dead pet? A．He/She can shout “Bad luck”, and then give it back. B．He/She can ask the Chinese animal—rescue group Chengdu Aizhijia Animal Rescue Centre for help. C．He/She can’t do anything except shouting “Bad luck”. 3．In paragraph 3 and 4, the writer mainly wants to tell us that ________. A．pet shops should change the rule of returning things B．the price of some live animals, 9.9 yuan, is too low C．some sellers are not responsible and it’s too cruel 4．What is the writing purpose of the passage? A．To cool down the public anger. B．To stop the sale of blind box pets. C．To call on more respect to wild animals. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了宠物盲盒潮，同时呼吁人们停止销售宠物盲盒。 1．细节理解题。根据“For many young people, not knowing what is inside the box until they open it adds more surprise and fun to their buying experience.”可知， 盲盒可以使他们的购物体验更令人兴奋，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“As a rule set by those pet shops, buyers cannot return whatever they get because that is how blind boxes work. So if the buyer gets a dead cat in the post, that’s bad luck!”可知，如果买家得到一只死宠物，他们什么也做不了, 只能喊 “倒霉”。故选C。 3．主旨大意题。根据“According to the Weibo account of the Chinese animal…four of them were dead and many were sick. All of them were under three months old.”以及“ Lots of animals on sale died on their way to their buyers or within weeks after arriving…buyers cannot return whatever they get because that is how blind boxes work.”可知，第三段和第四段提到了许多活体动物死在运输途中以及买家不能退货等信息，说明了一些卖家的不负责任和残酷行为。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“ State media also asks buyers and sellers of such blind boxes to have more kindness and more respect for life.”可知，这篇文章的写作目的是呼吁停止销售盲盒宠物，故选B。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司2 / 25 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题08 阅读理解（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 细节理解题 考点二 猜测词义题 考点三 主旨大意题 考点四 推理判断题 考点五 篇章结构题 考点六 标题归纳题 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1. 考查方式：山东省各地均有阅读理解单选题型，篇幅多为2-4篇，每篇3-5小题。 2. 考察特点：话题选择贴近学生、贴近生活、贴近时代。常常出现社会热点素材，词汇选择符合新课标要求。 3. 体裁选择：应用文、记叙文、说明文、议论文 4. 考题类型： ① 细节理解题：考查文章细节，答案往往能在原文中直接体现。 ② 推理判断题：考查人物情感、观点态度以及话题或故事接下来走向的推断。 ③ 词义猜测题：考查语篇中上下文关联，所给词汇的同义转换或直接猜测词义。 ④ 主旨大意题：考查文章主旨、段落大意。 ⑤ 语篇结构题：考查语篇中段落与段落之间的逻辑，以及段落之间的划分。 热考角度 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 细节理解题 ①山东枣庄·11-13题 ①山东菏泽·21-23题 ①山东济南·46-49题 猜测词义题 ①山东济南·18题 ①山东滨州·33题 ①山东泰安·12题 主旨大意题 ①山东泰安·49题 ①山东德州·9题 ①山东济南·51题 推理判断题 ①山东济宁·14-15题 ①山东临沂·9-10题 ①山东济南·56-59题 语篇结构体 ①山东菏泽·25题 ①山东威海·10题 ①山东临沂·3题 标题归纳题 ①山东泰安·50题 ①山东临沂·16题 ①山东青岛·30题 命题预测 1. 语境化：语篇语境更贴近现实生活，考查学生的实际语言应用能力。 2. 综合化：注重对语篇整体理解的考查，主旨大意和推理判断题占比可能略有提升。 3. 创新化：融入更多科技、文化、环保等前沿话题，考查学生的跨文化理解和信息整合 能力。 考点一 细节理解题 Passage 1（2025·枣庄卷） From an early age, I began to like Chinese culture a lot. When there was a chance to study in Beijing as an exchange student, I took it at once. In my first 24 hours in Beijing, I felt very nervous. I didn’t see one foreigner. But on my first day of school, I was greeted by many foreign faces. The students came from all over the world. I would be in a class with Chelsea from Norway and Charlie from my motherland — the UK. None of us had studied Chinese before, but our language skills improved quickly. By the end of the first month, we could all make simple sentences. Some of these sentences, though, were quite funny. We often sent our language teacher Sophie into wild laughter. We had a happy time together. The first month was very tiring. There were so many new things to learn. Thankfully, our school organized many events for students. We talked a lot about cultural differences and our future plans. It was a great chance for us to practice speaking Chinese. In October, my Chinese friend Zhen Hua showed me around the city. He took me to some of his favorite restaurants. Chinese table manners were very different from those in the West. Eating Chinese food was like an adventure, and it became my favorite part about living in Beijing. My six-month stay in China made me excited. I want to visit China again to look for more adventures. 11．According to the passage, why did the writer go to Beijing? A．To see more foreigners in Beijing. B．To visit a good Chinese friend in Beijing. C．To eat delicious Chinese food in Beijing. D．To study in Beijing as an exchange student. 12．Which country is the writer from? A．America. B．England. C．China. D．Norway. 13．Which of the following shows the change of the writer’s feelings during her stay in China? A．happy→nervous→bored→excited B．tired→excited→nervous→happy C．nervous→happy→tired→excited D．happy→bored→excited→nervous Passage 2（2024·菏泽卷） Please help me find my pet dog “Bumpy”.He’s a two-year-old dog, and he got lost three days ago as we walked in the park. He is brown with white ears. He goes by the names: Bumpy, Little Bump and Bumpkins. He is not afraid of strangers and will come to you if you call his name. If you see him, please call Joan at 098-2343. Thank you! Join us this Sunday to clean up the park.We’ll meet at 8:00 a.m. at the gate of Tianxiang Park and start to work. We will provide rubbish and recycling bags, and we will have gloves available if you have forgotten yours. Our goal is to clean up Tianxiang Park and make it feel like home. If you want to join us, call 089-2433. Come and join us! Our town is having a family get-together to bring the community together on June 18th. We’re going to have sack races, three-legged man races and so much more. For our real competitors, the day will start off with a five-kilometer run to support the people with disabilities. Get out and get your tennis shoes on to make a difference. The entry fee (报名费) is ¥50, which includes a T-shirt and a ¥30 donation (捐款). You can call 087-2344 for more information. 21．Which phone number should you call if you see Bumpy? A．098-2343. B．089-2433. C．087-2344. 22．What is the goal of cleaning Tianxiang Park? A．To make the park feel like home. B．To bring the community together. C．To save rubbish and recycling bags. 23．How much should you pay if you attend the family get-together? A．¥30. B．¥50. C．¥80. Passage 3（2023·济南卷） Like most parents, mine spent much time advising me to take part in activities outside school. However, they never forced me, and I never found anything I was interested in. Then one day a friend at school told me about a local dance group and asked if I wanted to go with her. So after school we went to talk to the dance teacher. She explained everything to us and we both decided to join. My parents were really pleased to hear I’d finally chosen dancing. They think if you develop an interest in doing something yourself, it will be easier to succeed. I’ve now been attending the dancing classes for 3 years and I really enjoy it. We are organized into age groups, and at 16 I’m now in the oldest class. There are classes of swing dance, ballet (芭蕾舞), street dance and folk dance. I practice street dance and I’m quite good at it. I also help out leading some of the younger children. We also take part in events like local and even national dance shows, and relatives turn up to see their children perform. My parents are proud of me as they tell me all the time. Now I’ll be too old to continue dancing with the group. However, I have already made plans to continue with them. The dance school has become very successful and is opening new classes. The director has asked if I’d like to be one of the group leaders and of course I said “yes”! — By Julie, 16 46．Who made Julie decide to join the local dance group? A．Her parents. B．Her teacher. C．Her friend. D．Herself. 47．According to Julie’s parents, what is more important to be successful? A．Interest. B．Hard work. C．Courage. D．Pride. 48．When did Julie attend the dancing classes? A．1 year ago. B．2 years ago. C．3 years ago. D．4 years ago. 49．What kind of dance is Julie good at? A．Swing dance. B．Ballet. C．Street dance. D．Folk dance. 考点二 猜测词义题 Passage 1（2025·济南卷） In a professional article, AI is praised as a tool for sustainable construction, “In recent years, AI has become a promising tool for construction. AI can examine a large number of data sets on weather conditions and help to make full use of building systems for energy efficiency, water protection and other goals.” 18．Which best explains the underlined word “promising” in paragraph 3? A．Facing challenges. B．Needing improving. C．Taking years to grow. D．Having a bright future. Passage 2（2024·滨州卷） When things got too much to bear, her coach and parents just told her to have a break. So she took a vacation to have a relax. After that, she was even more dedicated to daily practice. 33．What does the underlined word “dedicated” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．专注的 B．特别的 C．美好的 D．紧张的 Passage 3（2023·泰安卷） It tells a story that happened in North Africa. After a war breaks out there, two Chinese diplomats(外交官) are ordered to help evacuate the overseas Chinese. After completing the first task successfully, they learn that another group of Chinese citizens(公民) are still in great danger. Realizing that these people will die if they don’t give a hand, the two men travel through the war area. They risk their lives to help over 100 Chinese citizens go to a safe place. The movie not only shows how the two diplomats protect the people with courage, but also shows their deep love for the country and people. 12. What does the underlined word “evacuate” mean in the second paragraph? A． 躲藏 B．逃避 C．撤离 D．评价 考点三 主旨大意题 Passage 1（2025·泰安卷） I think the human body is not the best design for many of the jobs we want robots to do. Just think of small, flat robot vacuums (真空吸尘器). They can go under a sofa to pick up the dust balls. Can human-like robots also do this? Even if robots can be made into human-like ones, why do we limit (限定) them to two legs and two arms? Why not four and six so they can pick up the elderly or sick people comfortably? And that super intelligent AI almost certainly wouldn’t pick one body design to carry its mind around in. Why limit computational capacity (算力) to what fits inside a single head? 49. What’s the writer’s opinion according to the fourth paragraph? A．Robots can’t be made to look like humans. B．Humanoid design is still the best choice for robots. C．A robot should be designed with more arms, legs and heads. D．The design of a robot’s shape should depend on its use. Passage 2（2024·德州卷） When Liu Lingli was a child, she first communicated with a hearing-impaired person, her neighbor Mrs Wang. But Liu could not understand what she was trying to express with her gestures (手势) if Wang’s husband didn’t explain it. “Even as a child, I felt loved by her kind gesture, and thought it would be great if she could speak,” Liu said. Later she became a teacher in a special school where some students had the same problem as Wang. It was such a hard job that she was at a loss and thought about giving up at the beginning, but she didn’t as she thought of Wang’s pain on the face. Later, unluckily, Liu’s own 7-month-old son was also found to have the same problem, which shocked but never frightened Liu. Instead of getting her child treated in hospital, she decided to provide treatment for her son by herself after work. Since then, Liu could better understand the families with children like her son and put more efforts to help them live better in society. She started speaking rebuilding training by self-teaching. Thanks to Liu’s tireless efforts, her son and her students showed great improvement and some of them became successful later. Deng Liang, one of Liu’s first students, works now for a State-owned enterprise (企业) in Changsha. “Ms Liu taught me to be kind, optimistic (乐观的) and hard-working to build a better life, which has pushed me forward all these years,” he said. Liu Hanxiang, a famous dancer now, texted Liu Lungli a message thanking her for her efforts. “ Ms Liu, my performance today was a great success. I want to thank you. Without you, I would not have become who I am today.” Liu Lingli burst into tears when she read the message. For her contributions (贡献) to society, Liu Lingli received the award of Person Touching China for 2023. Liu said, “There is still a lot to do to ensure disabled people can find suitable jobs. The media also needs to tell more stories of people with disability who have built successful careers so as to encourage children with disability to improve their lives through learning.” 9．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To ensure disabled people to find suitable jobs. B．To tell the stones of successful people with disability. C．To call on people to help Liu Lingli. D．To praise Liu Lingli’s actions of helping the disabled. Passage 3（2023·济南卷） Temperature change is one of the greatest in Earth’s climate change over a long period of time. It can happen naturally or because of human activities, such as burning gas and coal. Burning these fuels produces carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) and other pollutants into the atmosphere, which hold heat in the atmosphere, leading to warmer global temperatures over time. 51．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．How Earth’s climate changes. B．What causes rising temperatures. C．What produces carbon dioxide. D．How pollution influences climate. 考点四 推理判断题 Passage 1（2025·济宁卷） It’s fun to visit the monkeys at the zoo and watch them play and climb. We laugh at how cute they are and talk about how much they seem like us. But in some cities, monkeys and people live together—it isn’t a pleasure at all. In New Delhi, India, thousands of small monkeys live in the city. They steal food from street shops, break into people’s houses, and leave a mess. Sometimes they even bite (咬) people and cause blackouts (停电) and Internet problems. Every year the city grows and more forests are cut down, leaving monkeys with no wild space. Now monkeys are used to living in the city. It’s a big worry! The government has tried many ways to keep monkeys away. Workers catch monkeys and take them to wild areas far from the city. To stop the monkeys from returning for food, trucks bring food to them. But the wild areas aren’t large enough for all the monkeys. Recently, the city also tried using paper tigers and recorded sounds to drive them away. However, monkeys quickly learn these aren’t real. The problem won’t be easily solved. Most people like monkeys and don’t want to hurt them, but they don’t want monkeys in their homes either. The monkeys probably feel exactly the same way about us. No matter what method we choose, one thing is clear: if we don’t protect the homes of wild animals, they may have no choice but to live in ours. 14．Which of the following is TRUE about Paragraph 4? A．People don’t care about the monkeys living around them. B．The government has found the best way to control monkeys. C．Monkeys are happy to share their living space with humans. D．Protecting monkeys’ natural homes may stop them from living in cities. 15．Where would you most probably find this passage? A．In a story book. B．In a zoo website. C．In a wildlife magazine. D．In a guide book. Passage 2（2024·临沂卷） It can be really embarrassed if someone sees you talking to yourself. But don’t feel bad about it! Talking to yourself actually has a lot of advantages. You probably know that thinking is good for the brain. It helps us do things like making plans and managing our feelings. Talking to yourself loud is like showing this quiet inner (内在的) speech. It can help us do better in different areas like school, sports and work. Talking to yourself, especially in the third person, can help us manage bad feelings. “Talking to yourself in the third person is like giving yourself advice,” said Jason Moser, a professor (教授) from Michigan State University, US. Moser uses himself in an example. He does not like flying, but he has to fly often for his work. So when he is feeling nervous or afraid during a flight (航班), he talks to himself. “Well, you know, Jason knows air travel is very safe. And Jason has been on thousands of flights.” This can help us to see things from a different aspect (角度), especially when we’re feeling sad or angry. When encouragement comes from oneself, it adds to self-confidence. A study invited 72 tennis players to take part in some matches. Researchers (调查者) put the players into two groups: one group that said nothing while playing, and the other that talked to themselves while playing. They found that the self-talkers showed more confidence and played better than those in the silent group. Self-talk also helps to improve memory. Researchers tested four different ways to memorize things: reading silently, reading aloud, listening to someone else read and listening to a recording of oneself reading. Those who read out loud recalled the information the best, researchers said in their study. It’s because the information will probably become a long-term memory if it is said out loud. 9．What does the underlined word “It” refer to (指代) in Paragraph 2? A．Talking to yourself. B．The brain. C．Thinking. 10．How does the writer show his opinion in Paragraph 3? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving an example. C．By comparing himself with others. Passage 3（2023·济南卷） A garden is much more than just creating a beautiful environment. It can be a way to save or even make money and, more than that, it can be a place where you can express yourself. For me, it’s a bit of all these things. I know it may sound strange for a 13-year-old girl to be interested in gardening, but I have always been and I would love to make a career (职业) out of it. I have learned many things these past few years. I have been reading about and doing some gardening. So, here is my top advice about gardening. First, you do not need to spend a lot of money to have a beautiful garden. Some of the gardens that I think are the prettiest are just lines of plants. There aren’t many garden decorations (装饰) and pathways. It’s just beautiful plants with fruits and vegetables. We can also find many useful things for free, from pieces of old wood to old pots and pans. Or, we can build things for free from materials that other people have thrown away. If you just remember that planting what is more than you need will take the stress away of losing some plants, you will save yourself a lot of worry, too. Besides, you need to ask yourself which plants produce enough food to make them worth growing. I actually sat down and did the maths on that one this spring. It amazed me what some plants were worth. A tomato, for example, can produce £50-£150 worth of fruit. It takes up a lot of space but that’s a lot of money coming out of a 50-pence seed (种子)! So if I had known earlier what each plant could save us, I would have told my parents to fill our garden with different plants. And finally, gardening doesn’t have to be all or nothing. But then I guess that’s more of a personality weakness than anything. I struggle with doing things a little at a time. Once I decide to do something, I usually devote every waking hour to it for a little while and then get tired. So it’s okay to just have one tomato plant, and it’s okay to have an off year. It will save you a lot of stress. 56．What does the writer want to tell us about gardening in paragraph 1? A．The gardeners can make much money. B．It’s just about creating a beautiful place. C．The most important is to express yourself. D．It means different things to different people. 57．How would the writer describe her favorite garden? A．Simple. B．Expensive. C．Magic. D．Creative. 58．What advice does the writer give us about gardening? A．Use what we can find around us. B．Try to make a career out of it. C．Ask other gardeners to give help. D．Spend as much time as we can. 59．What can we learn about the writer’s gardening experience? A．She wants to grow everything. B．She did everything right. C．She has a lot of fun in doing it. D．She needs to work harder 考点五 标题归纳题 Passage 1（2025·泰安卷） Nowadays, some companies around the world are now offering humanoid (human-like) robots. They are being designed (设计) to look as human as possible. These products of technology are at the center of a debate (辩论): Should they be made to look like humans or just like what they are machines? Robots are playing an increasingly bigger role in our lives. In some countries, robots have been entertaining kids and helping the elderly. Some experts say robots will be more effective at such jobs if they look like humans. Research has shown that people feel closer to human-like robots. Also, human-like robots suit environments that are designed for humans. After all, the world is full of stairs (楼梯), hallways, shelves at shoulder height and sightlines at eye level. But other experts say robots don’t need to look like humans. Humanoid robots also have disadvantages. If robots look like us, we may expect them to act like us. However, they may make us disappointed because they can’t always do that yet. For example, they can’t laugh at the right moments during a conversation. Many people also find human-like robots scary. I think the human body is not the best design for many of the jobs we want robots to do. Just think of small, flat robot vacuums (真空吸尘器). They can go under a sofa to pick up the dust balls. Can human-like robots also do this? Even if robots can be made into humanlike ones, why do we limit (限定) them to two legs and two arms? Why not four and six so they can pick up the elderly or sick people comfortably? And that super intelligent AI almost certainly wouldn’t pick one body design to carry its mind around in. Why limit computational capacity (算力) to what fits inside a single head? What’s your opinion about robots’ shapes? 50. What’s the best title of this passage? A．The Development of Humanoid Robots B．A Debate about Improving the Services of Robots C．Should Robots Look like Humans? D．Different Robots, Different Services Passage 2（2024·临沂卷） On April 18 each year, people all over the world celebrate the International Day for Monuments and Sites (国际古迹遗址日). In China, young people are realizing the importance of their history and culture. Many are doing their best to protect Chinese cultural sites and try to promote (推广) them. Finding new artifacts (文物) Xu Danyang, a 29-year-old archaeologist (考古学家), found an amazing bronze statue (青铜像) at the Sanxingdui site in Sichuan. In 2021, he dug out this statue. In the beginning, his team thought it was a bird. But as they continued the digging, they had a surprise. It turned out (结果是) to be a statue of a man, about 16cm high. It shows a man kneeling with his head turned, and it surprises everyone who sees it. Making maps for protection Wu Yunjie who was born in the 1990s found a new way — by making a special map to show the best cultural sites in China. Wu is now famous on the Internet. He marked almost 10,000 places like old temples, towers, bridges and houses. Each site with colorful marks showed how special and important they are. As a kid, Wu loved going to a temple in his hometown in Ezhou, Hubei. However, it was pulled down years ago. He was sad and decided to record all the cultural sites in China. He started to travel across the country. He visits places in person and adds them to his map, making sure we all remember them. Now, Wu asks for help from people online to make his map better and better. And he hopes to share this amazing map with everyone who respects (尊重)history and culture soon. Making explanations (解释) fun Zhang Bin is a 31-year-old tour guide at Emperor Qinshihuang’s Mausoleum Site Museum in Xi’an, Shaanxi. He works to answer visitors’ questions about the famous Terracotta Warriors and shares all of his knowledge about them. Zhang often uses the traditional Chinese performance art of xiangsheng to explain them. He is doing something meaningful for the site. 16. What's the best title (标题) for the passage? A．Spreading Traditional Chinese Art B．Introducing Chinese Cultural Sites C．Respecting History with Action Passage 3（2023·青岛卷） The 21-year-old student from the college of Special Education of Changchun University, Jilin Province, Zhan Junyi has been deaf since birth. But he has overcome great difficulties to achieve his dream of becoming a professional dancer, and is now able to hear music through an artificial cochlea (人工耳蜗). When he was 2, his parents took him to some training courses, and he learned to understand people by reading lips (嘴唇). During the slow and hard process, not only his parents but also some teachers from the training center offered great help to him. Thanks to their lasting efforts and help, Zhan had the chance to achieve as much as someone who can hear. Zhan had an artificial cochlea implanted (移植) when he was 4 years old. Then he was able to better understand people with its help. In the summer of 2008, Zhan watched a dance show of Avalokiteshvara Bodhisattva (千手观音) by the China Disabled People’s Performing Art Troupe (剧团) at the closing ceremony of the Beijing 2008 Paralympic Games (残奥会) on TV. Deeply moved by their excellent skill and energy, he began to watch videos of performances and competitions, learned to copy the movements and dreamed of becoming a dancer like them. After graduating from primary school in 2015, Zhan passed the exam for the troupe and began to learn dance with the other members. To help him keep up, his teacher repeatedly played the drum and told him where the beats and rhythm (节奏) points were. Then, the teacher also guided him by using sign language. What’s more, as his artificial cochlea could easily fall out, he had to wear a headband to help keep it in. Through lasting efforts and hard work, Zhan came to be perfect at dancing and entered Changchun University to study dance in 2021. In recent years, Zhan has built up lots of experience performing at events such as the opening and closing ceremonies of the Beijing 2022 Winter Paralympic Games and the 2023 Spring Festival Gala (春晚). After he graduates, Zhan wants to return to the troupe and become a national-level dancer. He hopes to help other children like him to learn how to dance and feel its joy. 30. What is the best title (题目) of the passage? A．A Helping Hand to a Deaf Boy B．A Brave Boy with a Hearing Problem C．A Dance Class for Disabled People D．A Deaf Dancer’s Road to Success 考点六 篇章结构题 Passage 1（2025·菏泽卷） Imagine growing fuel (燃料) on trees or getting it from rubbish. Imagine cars that run on air or produce water, not pollution! All around the world, people are making surprising new fuels. Biogas is made from plants or natural waste by living things called bacteria (细菌). People can use animal and food waste to make biogas. Bacteria break the waste down in a special container (容器), and the gas (气体) is used for cooking and lights. Just one kilogram of waste produces enough biogas to make a light work for four hours. In Sweden, they even make biogas for cars from toilet waste! Biofuels are made from fuels that grow. It is great because we make it from the waste parts of plants that we already grow for food. The newest biofuels are made from very small living things called algae (藻类). Algae produce more energy than other biofuels, and they can grow in places where we do not grow food, like seas and wasteland. In Brazil, cars and buses have used bioethanol for years. The cleanest fuel is hydrogen (氢). When hydrogen burns, it just makes water, but this gas is difficult to produce. In 2010, engineers invented a machine which uses energy from the sun to make hydrogen. Other people are trying to use bacteria to make it. These “clean” ways of making hydrogen are still very new. If they become cheaper, we may all drive hydrogen cars in the future. Every year, scientists are inventing new ways to make super fuels from the things around us. Which energy technologies will we use most in the future? We do not know the answer to this question exactly. But we do know that we are starting to build a future without fossil fuels. 25. Which is the best structure (结构) of the passage? (P1=Paragraph 1…) A． B． C． Passage 2（2024·威海卷） ①Almost everybody has had pimples (青春痘). It is a normal part of growing up. When kids reach teens, their bodies experience many changes. During this period, most teenagers often develop pimples. Also, many people continue to have pimples after teens. What can a teenager or an adult do to deal with pimples? Unluckily, many ways are really just myths. ②Many people believe that popping (挤) pimples is the best way. Popping a pimple will cause more redness and pain, or even probably turn into an illness. For that reason, doctors normally encourage people not to pop their pimples. ③Also, do you think that washing your face often will be helpful? Of course, it is a good idea, but washing your face too much could make the skin painful, making the pimples even worse. ④Another widely believed myth is that not wearing make-up (化妆) can help lower the chance of developing pimples. In fact, some kinds of make-up actually have special medicine in them to fight pimples. As a result, not all of them are bad for you. ⑤Along with make-up, people believe that eating fatty foods or chocolate can cause pimples. The truth is that eating a candy or a piece of pizza will not cause pimples. Even so, both teenagers and adults should still try to eat foods that are good for their bodies and their skin. ⑥Another myth is that stress can cause pimples. Stress comes in many forms, like a big exam at school or problems with friends. While it is true that stress can cause a person’s skin to create extra oil, this extra oil does not necessarily cause more pimples. 9. What’s the structure of this passage? A． B． C． Passage 3（2023·临沂卷） Shanghai's First “Forest Library” On February 20th, 2023, the first “forest library” in Shanghai opened to the public. It’s known as Read & Joy Forest. Now readers can relax and read in a natural environment. The “forest library” was started by Pudong New Area and Shanghai Library. It is in a green space area near Shanghai Library East, which opened in September, 2022. With an area of 20, 546 square meters, it allows visitors to take an enjoyable walk in the quiet forest. The library is in the open air. It is designed to keep the forest as it is. To protect the forest, all the green spaces are connected by wooden walk ways. It offers many benches(长凳) and an information booth(亭) . “It’s not only a place for lending books, or a reading room, but also an open space for enjoying fresh air and the smell of trees. It offers different reading experiences to readers,” says Chen Chao, director of Shanghai Library. Most of the visitors to the “forest library” are young people and parents with their children. They enjoy reading in the woods or taking a walk in the forest. If you are looking for such a place away from busy world, then you must go there to enjoy reading outdoors. 3. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?(P=Paragraph) A． B． C． (一)细节理解题 题型：直接信息题、语义转换题、是非题、排序题、数字计算题等 设题方式 提问式： According to the passage/ the author, who (what, where, which, when, why, how, etc)? What does the writer think of…? Which of the following statements is true/correct/false/not true? Which of the following is/isn’t mentioned/not included? Which is the right order of the events given in the passage? 填空式： We learn from the last paragraph (the first paragraph, the text) that ___________. All of the following are (not) true/are (not) mentioned except ___________. 解题方法 1. 跳读查找法 这个方法的要点在于先看题干，带着问题读文章。以what, who, where, when, why, how 提问的问题，可以从文章中直接找到答案。做这类题时可以边读边做记号，能加强阅读的针对性，提高做题的准确率，节省宝贵的时间， 另外，运用跳读查找法解题时， 要特别注意试题以及选项与原文之间的适当变换。中考中很少有直接用原文中的句子进行考查和测试的，通常要进行一定的处理，而这种“处理”主要就是进行语义转换，其中包括同义变换、概念解析、归纳事实等。 2. 排除法 排序题也属于细节理解题的一种题型，它通常出现在说明文中。这类文章有明显的信息词，如first, to begin with, after that, afterwards, later, next, second, third, then, finally等。按照信息词的提示阅读，可以加快理解的进程。在做细节排序题时，首先要确定首或尾的答案，通常四个选项中会有两个选项的顺序类似，正确答案往往在这两个选项中选择，找到两者的不同之处，回到原文，进行核对，一旦确定，后面的排序就不用再比较了。 3. 简单计算法 数字计算题也是细节理解题的一种，要求对文章中提到的数据进行简单的加减乘除运算，以便得出符合题目要求的数据。解答这类题目时，首先要弄清题干的要求是什么，然后找到与它相关的数字，再对它们进行分析、整合，最后计算出正确答案。 (二)主旨大意题 主旨题可分为文章主旨和段落主旨两种。 命题模式如下： 1. 中心型 main/general idea subject/topic mainly/mostly about What is the passage / text / article mainly about?  What is the main / general idea of this passage?  This passage mainly tells us about / that ______.  What is the topic / subject of the article?  Which subject is discussed in the text?  2. 最佳标题型:  title/headline What is the best title for this text / passage / article?  Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?   3. 写作目的型:  purpose The purpose of this article / passage / text is to_______.  The author’s main purpose of writing the passage is ______. What is the writer’s purpose of writing this passage?  The article has been written to explain _______. The passage is meant to ________． The author's purpose is to show ________．  解题办法： 1. 仔细审题，看好范围。正确的选项的特点是：一般不出现细节信息，不含过于肯定或绝对的词语。 2. 使用略读（skimming）, 迅速将全段或全文浏览一遍。明确文章各部分的主旨和文章的结构可以帮助更准确的归纳全文主旨，因此，要养成概括各段中心和把握文章结构的习惯 3. 特别注意全文或所问段落的首句和尾句，因为他们常常是主旨要义的体现。段落中出现转折时，该句很可能是主题句；作者有意识地反复重复的观点通常是主旨；首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的解答通常就是文章主旨，同时还要注意哪些提出文章主旨时常伴有的文字提示：therefore, thus, but , however, in short 等等 4. 作者的写作目的通常有三种： 1.科普说明文或新闻报告：告知读者某些信息 2.个人的有趣经历或幽默故事类的文章：娱乐读者 3.广告和议论文：说服读者接受某种产品或观点 4.夹叙夹议的文章：其目的是让读者得到某种启示或教育 (三)推理判断 推理判断题主要包括推断隐含意思、推断目标读者、推断观点态度、推断文章出处、推断写作意图等。尤以推断隐含意义的题居多 推断隐含意义 推断隐含意义的题干中常含infer(推断)，suggest(暗示)，imply(暗示)，indicate(暗示)，conclude(推断，得出结论)等词语。常见的题干设题形式如下： 1．We can know from the passage that ________． 2. We can infer from the (first/last) passage that ________． 3．The passage/author implies/suggests that ______． 4．It can be concluded from the passage that ________． 5．The underlined sentence indicates that ________． 技巧：原文直接说的不选:推理题要求选“话里有话”的隐含内容。如果一个选项在原文中直接写出来了，那 它一定不是推理题的答案。 选“温和的"不选“绝对的”：正确答案常带有may、might、probably、can等委婉表达；而出现must、only、never、all等绝对词的选项往往是陷阱。 (四)词义猜测题 词义题的考查有两种：一是超纲词含义的推断，另一个是熟词僻义或是在特定场合的意思。其命题模式如下： (1)what does the underlined word “…”mean? (2)The underlined phrase (word, sentence) “…” most probably means ________ . (3)The phrase (word, sentence) suggests________. (4)From the passage, we can infer that the word “…”is__________. (5)According to passage, what is “…”_______？ (6)When the author says that…, he means _________. 技巧：上下文逻辑是唯一依据，不靠背过的词义，而是根据语境推断 并列关系(and,or,also)：前后词义相近 转折关系(but,however,although)：前后词义相反 解释说明(that is,in other words, or，破折号、冒号)：后面直接给定义 举例(such as,like,for example)：通过例子反推 1.审视标题，抓住中心 2.浏览全文，掌握全貌 (快速通读全文，尤其是首两段) 3.细读题目，抓住要点 (带着问题去看文章，进行选择或判断答案；要善于找关键句，特别要注意文章的第一段和最后一段的头一句话，往往就是关键句，可以帮助你掌握文章的全貌，理解文章的主题) 4.细读文章，掌握细节 (可边读边用铅笔做些记录，把有关的人物、事件、时间、地点、起因（即五个W：who， what， when， where， why）划出来） 5.理解大意，初选答案 (应在文中找出依据，把答案代入文中，再确定正误） 6.复读全文，核对答案 (对照题目，推测判断，确保理解无误） 7.瞻前顾后，首尾突破 （抓住首尾，迎刃而解） A （2025·山东滨州·中考真题） Summer vacation is coming. Would you like to have a wonderful trip? We offer different tours to you. Let’s check out the latest comments (评论) visitors shared online. Feel free to create your own trip. Tour 1 Beijing——Xi’anThe tour on this route (路线) was perfect for history lovers like me. I lost myself in the beautiful scenes and places of interest. I visited Tian’anmen Square and the Palace Museum in Beijing. The Terracotta Army in Xi’an is a wonder in the world, and it’s worth visiting. I tasted Beijing duck and Biangbiang noodles. —Teng Fei Tour 2 Shanghai—ShenzhenWhat an exciting trip! Traveling in these two cities was like being in a science fiction movie! I was amazed at the rapid development of them. Both cities are full of cool things like robot cafes and self-driving cars. The Oriental Pearl Tower (东方明珠) in Shanghai looks as if it touches the clouds. I also enjoyed Cantonese cuisine (粤菜) in Shenzhen. —Li Xin Tour 3 Chengdu—ChongqingI spent a meaningful time in Chengdu. I had an experience to volunteer at the Chengdu Research Base to look after pandas. Two days later, I went to Chongqing. I tasted delicious hot pot and noodles there. I enjoyed the beauty of this city at night, and lights were shining brightly across the city. —Han Mei Tour 4 Qingdao—Tai’anQingdao is a really beautiful city. I had a relaxing sunbath on the fascinating beach and enjoyed delicious seafood there. The trip to Tai’an was also wonderful. When I climbed up to the top of Mount Taishan, I was surprised at the beautiful scene. The trees and rocks looked like a painting. —Lu Jiaqi 1．Which picture is about Teng Fei’s trip? A． B． C． D． 2．How was Li Xin’s trip according to the passage? A．Tiring but perfect. B．Meaningful and relaxing. C．Exciting and amazing. D．Embarrassing but educational. 3．Who volunteered to look after pandas during the trip? A．Han Mei. B．Li Xin. C．Lu Jiaqi. D．Teng Fei. 4．According to the passage, the visitors all shared _________ in their comments. ①traditional art forms        ②beautiful scenes ③public transportation        ④local delicious food A．①③ B．①④ C．②③ D．②④ 5．Where is the passage probably from? A．A storybook. B．A science report. C．A travel website. D．A sports magazine. B （2023·山东德州·中考真题） Short online courses Choose from thousands of online courses from top universities.Explore featured courses The spirit of sports: fair play, teamwork, a never-give-up attitude (态度) Discover the passion and happiness of playing ball games What do you need to know about ball games? How can you improve your skills and build a strong body? How can you work as a team? Join us! BasketballSkills to be improved:shooting, passing, dribbling, team play Requirements: age 12; height 175 cm+ Time: 19th June—16th July Coach: Zhang Qiang Tel: 0531-55660266 Developed by: Shandong Sport University FootballSkills to be improved: passing, shooting, goalkeeping Requirements: age 15; height 165—175cm Time: 10th September—30th October Coach: Mr Lai Email: footballLife@ dundun.com Developed by: Tianjin University of Sport Table tennisSkills to be improved:brainpower Requirements: basic ping-pong skills; age 8+ Time: 10th July—30th July Coach: Professor Lin Tel: 010-8000-7000 Developed by: Beijing Sport University VolleyballSkills to be improved: passing, serving, spiking, teamwork Requirements: age 14+ Time: 10th July—6th September Coach: Wang Wei Email: werw, weilovevolleyball@121.com Developed by: Chengdu Sport University When would you like to start? Start straight away and join a global classroom of learners. If the course hasn’t started yet, you’ll see the future date below. Learning on the courses On every step of the courses you can meet other learners from all over the world, share your ideas and join in with active discussions in the comments (评论). 1．When does the basketball course start? A．June 19th. B．July 16th. C．September 10th. D．July 10th. 2．Who will you learn with in the football course? A．Zhang Qiang. B．Mr Lai. C．Professor Lin. D．Wang Wei. 3．If you are 13 and 1.65 meters tall, which course can you take? A．Basketball. B．Football. C．Table tennis. D．Volleyball. 4．Who developed the volleyball course? A．Shandong Sport University. B．Tianjin University of Sport. C．Beijing Sport University. D．Chengdu Sport University. 5．Who are the courses for? A．Learners around the world. B．Learners from China only. C．University students only. D．Coaches only. C （2025·山东菏泽·三模） In 2025, 15-year-old Li Hua from China achieved a remarkable victory in the World Junior Robotics Competition held in Tokyo, Japan. Li Hua’s team showed a robot named “Swift – Helper”. This robot was designed to help disaster - stricken areas. It could navigate (导航) through rubble (瓦砾), look for survivors, and deliver emergency supplies. “Swift-Helper” outperformed (胜过) robots from 20 other countries. Li Hua said, “We’ve been working on this robot for over a year. There were so many challenges. Winning this competition is not just an honor for me but also an encouragement for all the young people interested in robotics. I hope more students will join in and contribute to this field.” Located 30 kilometers west of Xi’an, Western Han Dynasty Tombs opened to the public in 2025. This park contains a series of tombs from the Western Han Dynasty. Visitors can explore the underground rooms, which are filled with a large number of cultural relics (遗迹). These relics provide precious materials for studying the social life, art, and craftsmanship (手艺) of the Western Han Dynasty. Moreover, the park has adopted advanced digital display techniques, visitors can have an experience, “seeing” how the ancient people lived and worked. It has become popular for both history lovers and tourists. “E-Storybook”, a new e-reading app specifically designed for children, was launched in 2025. This app offers a collection of children’s stories, including classic fairy tales, modern fables, and educational stories. It has interactive (交互的) features. Children cant tap (敲击) on the characters in the stories to hear their voices, and there are also mini - games related to the story plots. For example, after reading a story about a journey in the forest, children can play a game to find hidden treasures in the virtual (虚拟) forest. An exhibition was held in Shanghai from July 1-10, 2025, to promote the app. At the exhibition, children had a great time experiencing the fun of the app. 1．Who won the World Junior Robotics Competition in 2025? A．A team from Japan. B．Li Hua’s team. C．Robots from 20 countries. 2．Where can visitors see cultural relics from the Western Han Dynasty in 2025? A．In Xi’an city center. B．In a park 30 kilometers west of Xi’an. C．In a modern art museum. 3．What is “E–Storybook”? A．A physical storybook for children. B．An app with only classic fairy tales. C．A new e-reading app with interactive features for children. D （2025·山东菏泽·三模） Explore the World beyond (超越) Books Ever wanted to explore (探索) the world indoors? Come to the Hangzhou Public Library! Who: 50 children aged 13 to 16 When: 13:30-17:30, on Saturday, April 26, 2025 Where: Hangzhou Public Library How much: free What to do at the event: The event space is filled with stalls (摊位), each stall for a different country. At each stall, there is a foreign volunteer to introduce their country and culture using pictures, tools, and local handicrafts (手工艺品). Remember to follow the steps below: Come and learn about different countries and cultures in a fun way! First come, first served! 1．What time will the event end on that day? A．At 3:30 p.m. B．At 4:30 p.m. C．At 5:30 p.m. 2．What's the first step in taking part in the event? A．Sign your name on the map. B．Get a travel bag and a passport. C．Tour around stalls and collect passport stamps. 3．In which part of a magazine can we read the passage? A．Art. B．Music. C．Geography. E （2026·山东滨州·一模） Ghofran Shamseldin, a girl from Sudan, first learned about Chinese culture in high school through a book, an Arabic translation of Yu Hua’s novel To Live. The book tells about a poor farmer who faces many difficulties and loses almost everyone he loves, but he never gives up. “The book deeply touched me. It made me understand that just being alive, even with pain and loneliness, is the deepest form of strength (力量). So I decided to learn Chinese,” said Shamseldin. At that time, Shamseldin could still see, though she had an eye problem. Over the next few years, her condition got worse. When she studied Chinese at the University of Khartoum, she could only read by shining a flashlight on the pages to see the shapes of the Chinese characters (汉字). In 2019, Shamseldin got a chance to study as an exchange student in China. Although she needed help getting around the school, she managed to cook and wash clothes on her own. “My new classmates and friends didn’t know about my condition at first-it wasn’t easy to tell. Every time, I had to find a way to explain. It wasn’t easy, but by doing so, I learned to accept myself,” Shamseldin says. In July, 2024, Shamseldin returned to Sudan. But war broke out, her family had to move many times until they finally settled down (安顿下来) the next year. Life became hard for them. Just as she felt completely hopeless, she was offered a job to teach Chinese online at her old college. A few months later, she couldn’t see completely. She experienced her second “reading” of To Live-this time by listening to it. “I think Chinese has a magic power. Re-reading the hardships (艰难) of the main character gives me the strength to face difficulties,” she says “It’s like the sunshine in my life that helps me go through the darkness.” 1．Shamseldin decided to learn Chinese because ________. A．she was moved by the novel To Live B．her eye problem got worse over time C．she studied Chinese at the University of Khartoum 2．Which is the right order of the facts about Shamseldin? ①She “read” To Live again by listening to it. ②She taught Chinese online at her old college. ③She studied in China as an exchange student. A．①③② B．②①③ C．③②① 3．Which of the following can best describe Shamseldin? A．Helpful, polite and honest. B．Brave, strong and hard-working. C．Humorous, patient and responsible. 4．What can we learn from Shamseldin’s story? A．No road to success is without failures. B．A man becomes learned by asking questions. C．Hope gives people the strength to overcome difficulties. F （2025·山东泰安·三模） Wang Zizhong, a 78-year-old farmer from Ciyu village in Shandong, has devoted the past 42 years of his life to greening mountains and protecting forests with his family. In 1983, Wang Zizhong saw the poor hills to the north of Ciyu and started thinking about planting trees on them. The serious soil erosion (土壤侵蚀) on the mountains had greatly influenced the lives of the villagers. He left his job as a teacher, rented the land from the local government and took on the task of greening the poor hills. He led his family up the mountains and began the arduous journey of planting trees. At that time, he and his wife left their two teenage sons in the cave while the couple dug holes for the trees. There were no roads, so Wang had to carry tree seedlings and water on his shoulder and walk kilometers to the mountains. The water he carried each time could only water seven or eight trees. So he had to make many trips every day. The family would stay on the mountains for over a month at a time. They slept in the cave, ate pancakes and drank mountain stream water. In 1997, Wang’s wife passed away suddenly from a heart attack while she was on the mountains. However, Wang didn’t give up. He continued to live and work on the mountains, planting trees. As Wang grew older, he passed on the task of forest protection to his son. Influenced by his father, Wang Tao took over the job and worked hard every day to carry on the family’s work. Over 42 years, the Wang family has planted over 200,000 trees, covering more than 133 hectares. Their efforts have turned the poor mountains into green forests, leaving a “green treasure” for future and showing that the idea of green development is increasingly taking root in people’s hearts. 1．Why did Wang Zizhong decide to plant trees? A．He wanted to improve local life. B．He hoped to make more money. C．It was a good way to keep himself busy. D．The government called on people to do so. 2．What does the underlined word “arduous” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Educational. B．Difficult. C．Interesting. D．Boring. 3．What did Wang Zizhong do after his wife’s death? A．He greened the hills as usual. B．He suffered from a serious disease. C．He chose to stay on the mountains alone. D．He let his son continue his work at once. 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The harm of soil erosion to a village. B．A villager’s teaching career and later life. C．The road to forest protection in Ciyu village. D．A family’s long-term efforts to green mountains. G （2025·山东临沂·二模） ①Gu Jinling, a 12-year-old girl from Beijing, has become a social media influencer with over 2.5 million followers, catching fans with her special Chinese-style costume dances. Viewers are crazy about her beautiful costumes and the rich classical culture in her performances. They are also amazed by her excellent dance skills at such a young age. However, as online users jokingly say, Gu is already an “old artist”. She began learning dance at the age of 3 and has been practicing for nearly 10 years ②Gu trained in ballet at first but began learning Chinese classical dance at the age of 6, attracted by its costumes, which she found “even prettier” than those of ballet. However, learning classical dance well needs a deep understanding of traditional Chinese culture. ③Gu’s home is filled with books on Chinese wall paintings, which she studies the expressions and actions of the shown characters. When visiting different cities, she often visits museums, closely watching the main points in ancient sculptures. ④For Gu, paying attention to details is important in catching the key points of ancient Chinese style. For example, in the classic Dunhuang dance pose “Rebound Pipa” (反抱琵琶), the eyes must look downward before looking far away, creating a sense of paying no attention to the world. The “Floating Clouds” dance movement, which covers the use of long silk ribbons, requires unusual control to achieve the good effect. ⑤Another challenging character of Dunhuang dance is the changes of foot positions, including flexed (弯曲) feet, pointed feet, toes (脚趾) flexed on a pointed foot, and toes flexed on a flexed foot. “I don’t feel much pain doing these movements because years of practice have made them natural,” Gu said. ⑥However, a child’s body is naturally more flexible, and movements that once came easily now require greater effort and practice. Since last year, Gu has spent more time mastering basic dance skills and so on. 1．What’s Paragraph 1 mainly about? A．What dance skills Gu uses. B．How many followers Gu has had. C．What makes Gu a social media influencer. 2．The writer mentions Gu’s classic Dunhuang dance ________. A．to show Gu pays attention to details B．to explain Gu puts a lot of effort into it C．to prove this dance is very difficult 3．What does the underlined word “them” refer to in paragraph 5? A．Feet. B．Toes. C．Foot positions. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤⑥ B．①/②③/④⑤/⑥ C．①②/③④/⑤⑥ H （2025·山东德州·二模） Over 400 pieces of Dehua white porcelain (德化白瓷) were shown in the National Museum of China in Beijing. This type of porcelain comes from Dehua county in Fujian Province where it acquires its name and has a history that goes back to the Song Dynasty. Now, it’s famous all over the world. Dehua white porcelain is known for its snow white color. An artist named Chen Chao says that it’s white because kaolin (高岭土) found in Dehua county has only a little iron. This makes the porcelain as white as jade (玉石). In France, it’s called “Blanc deChine”, which means “white from China”. The porcelain is also praised for its “eggshell technique”. This technique has a long history and has gotten better overtime. Now, workers can make the porcelain as thin as paper or as an eggshell. At the show, the artwork “Paper” drew much attention. It looks exactly like a roll of paper on the table, but actually it’s a piece of porcelain. Many visitors wondered ____________. The process starts with putting kaolin on paper. Then, the paper and kaolin are heated in a kiln (窑) for a few days until they turn into what the maker wants them to be. By then, only the kaolin is left. Heating the shaped kaolin is not easy. Workers must be very careful to make sure the clay stays the same when it’s heated. The temperature and the mix of the clay are key. Every component in the mix must be just right. In 2006, Dehua white porcelain was named a part of China’s national intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产). By mixing old Chinese art skills with new science, Dehua white porcelain helps to grow the pride of Chinese culture. 1．How does Dehua porcelain get its name? A．From its special shape. B．From its place of production. C．From its material. D．From its inventor. 2．Choose the best sentence to fill in the blank “________” in Paragraph 3. A．how many colors it could be B．how it could be made from kaolin C．how long it takes to make the artwork D．what shapes kaolin could be made into 3．Why is Dehua white porcelain famous? A．Because of its long history. B．Because of its making process. C．Because of the kaolin full of iron. D．Because of its color and thickness. 4．What does the underlined word “component” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Temperature. B．Technology. C．Process. D．Material. 5．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Dehua white porcelain bridges the old and the young. B．Dehua white porcelain spreads Chinese culture around the world. C．Dehua white porcelain takes its leadership in the china making industry. D．Dehua white porcelain plays an important role in increasing people’s confidence in Chinese culture. I （2025·山东济宁·三模） Some cool inventions are listed in Science Magazine’s 25 best inventions these years. They are “making the world better, smarter and in some cases, a little more fun”, according to the magazine’s website. Do you want to learn more about some of the inventions? Let’s find out. Spark is a new type of drones (飞行器) made by a Chinese company in Shenzhen called DJI. It can help people take photos and videos. Spark might be the smallest drone ever made. When folded, it is as small as a can of cola. The coolest part is that users can control the small drone just by using hand gestures. For example, if you wave your hand from left to right, the drone will fly in the same direction. When you want it to land, you just put your hand out. The drone will come to you and land on your hand. Robots may not be good communicators. But Jibo, made by US company Jibo Inc, may be different. With a big, round head and round, fat body. Jibo looks like a cartoon character. As soon as you say, “Hey, Jibo.” It will smile, dance and turn to face you. When it talks to you, it moves its head and body naturally to communicate with you. Although it has no eyes or mouth, Jibo uses animated icons (生动的表情), such as a smile icon, to show feelings. Right now, Jibo can only do some basic things, like taking photos or reading the news to you. But it may learn to do more in the future. There have been many great inventions that changed the way we live and work. This is certainly just a beginning. New inventions will someday allow us to do things we have never dreamed of. 1．According to the passage, which of the following best describes Spark? A．It might be bigger than any other drones. B．It is controlled by using hand gestures. C．It can only fly towards the same direction. D．It is created by a US company. 2．What do the two inventions have in common? A．Both of them are made by Chinese companies. B．Both of them have big bodies. C．Both of them can fly in the sky. D．Both of them can help us take photos. 3．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? (P= Paragraph) A． B． C． D． 4．What is the writer’s attitude (态度) to Jibo? A．Doubtful. B．Hopeful. C．Awful. D．Thankful. J （2025·山东日照·中考真题） Lightning usually destroys (破坏) trees it hits. But scientists have found an amazing tree. It not only lives through lightning strikes (击中) but actually grows better because of them! For years, scientists thought lightning was only bad for trees. But as they explored places like the Amazon rainforest, they started to think there could be trees that fight against lightning. It wasn’t until about 100 years ago that such “super trees” were discovered. Now, they know of a tree that uses lightning’s power to kill nearby trees and get more sunlight and nutrients (营养) for itself. In 2015, scientist Evan Gora saw a Dipteryx oleifera tree, which had been struck by strong lightning. It wasn’t badly harmed while the neighboring trees were killed. Scientists thought this tree could handle lightning, but there was no way to be sure. Gora and his team saw more of these trees that grew well after lightning strikes. So, they did a study. They followed 93 trees struck by lightning for 2—6 years. They found that all 9 Dipteryx oleifera trees in the study survived with little harm. But 84 other trees were badly hurt, and 64% of them died within two years. These Dipteryx oleifera trees are very tall and have wide tops, making them 68% more likely to be struck by lightning than other trees. During the study, one of the Dipteryx trees was struck twice in 5 years yet continued to grow well. At present, more studies suggest that these trees attract (吸引) lightning on purpose to destroy other trees and grow better. Scientists are not sure how these trees survive lightning, but they guess it may involve the trees’ ability to carry electricity. They are also interested in other trees with similar characteristics. 1．What is special about the Dipteryx oleifera tree? A．It dies quickly after lightning strikes. B．It takes in nutrients directly from lightning. C．It grows better after being struck by lightning. D．It avoids lightning by hiding under other trees. 2．What does the underlined word “handle” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Mix up. B．Give out. C．Suffer from. D．Deal with. 3．Why do Dipteryx oleifera trees attract lightning? A．To get more water from the sky. B．To kill nearby trees for growth. C．To become shorter and stronger. D．To protect other trees around them. 4．What might scientists do next according to the text? A．Plant more Dipteryx oleifera trees. B．Study how trees attract lightning better. C．Find out where Dipteryx oleifera trees live. D．Look for more trees that can survive lightning. K （2025·山东济宁·三模） I’m forty and it’s been sixteen years since I left school. Although I have few regrets about my education, there are a few things I wish I’d known earlier as a girl. 1. Keep Trying Even If You Fail As kids, we try new things fearlessly. If we make mistakes, we keep trying until we learn. But once school starts, parents and teachers usually only praise us when we do things perfectly. What happens? We stop trying new things because we’re afraid of getting them wrong. I now remind myself: “I refuse to quit halfway until I make it.” 2. Compare Yourself to Yourself I always wanted to be the best, and one way of feeling good about myself was to see how much better I was than others. There was only one problem with this. When I saw they were better than me, I felt terrible. But now, instead of comparing myself to others, I ask: “Did I give my best effort?” 3. Don’t Worry Too Much How much energy do we waste worrying about the future? I used to worry a lot. Now I know most things you fear usually never happen. If they happen, then they will most often not be as bad as you expected. Yes, most fears are imaginary. In 6 months, you probably won’t even remember most of the things you worry about now. If I could go back in time, I would tell my younger self these three important lessons. They would have helped me face challenges with more confidence. 1．What does “afraid of getting them wrong” mean in Para.2? A．Happy to try new things. B．Scared of making mistakes. C．Excited about challenges. D．Angry at failing tests. 2．How does the writer deal with competition now? A．She avoids competing with others to stay happy. B．She asks friends for help when facing challenges. C．She works much harder than others to be the best. D．She tries to improve herself instead of comparing. 3．What does the writer think about worrying? A．Worrying helps us prepare for challenges. B．People should worry more to avoid mistakes. C．Most worries aren't as bad as we imagine. D．Only smart people worry about the future. 4．What is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． L （2025·山东菏泽·一模） Blind box toys have become very popular recently in China. For many young people, not knowing what is inside the box until they open it adds more surprise and fun to their buying experience. More and more companies start selling their goods in blind boxes, such as stationery, books and even flights (航班). However, some of them have really gone too far. On May 3, 160 little dogs and cats were found inside a van at a delivery station (快递站点) in Chengdu. Like other goods, they were packed in boxes to be sent to different places through the post. According to the Weibo account of the Chinese animal—rescue (动物救助) group Chengdu Aizhijia Animal Rescue Center, when volunteers found those animals, four of them were dead and many were sick. All of them were under three months old. In fact, the sale of blind box pets is nothing new. On Taobao and Pinduoduo, some live animals were being sold for prices as low as 9.9 yuan. Lots of animals on sale died on their way to their buyers or within weeks after arriving. As a rule set by those pet shops, buyers cannot return whatever they get because that is how blind boxes work. So if the buyer gets a dead cat in the post, that’s bad luck! The delivery company, ZTO (中通快递), has apologized on Weibo for collecting live animals from sellers for delivery, but public anger is not cooling down. People are calling for an end to the crazy sale of blind box pets. State media also asks buyers and sellers of such blind boxes to have more kindness and more respect for life. 1．Why do people like to buy blind boxes? A．Because it can save people’s money. B．Because it can add more surprise and fun to their buying experience. C．Because it can save people’s time. 2．What can the buyer do if he/she gets a dead pet? A．He/She can shout “Bad luck”, and then give it back. B．He/She can ask the Chinese animal—rescue group Chengdu Aizhijia Animal Rescue Centre for help. C．He/She can’t do anything except shouting “Bad luck”. 3．In paragraph 3 and 4, the writer mainly wants to tell us that ________. A．pet shops should change the rule of returning things B．the price of some live animals, 9.9 yuan, is too low C．some sellers are not responsible and it’s too cruel 4．What is the writing purpose of the passage? A．To cool down the public anger. B．To stop the sale of blind box pets. C．To call on more respect to wild animals. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司2 / 25 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $