Unit 3 Environmental Protection Reading and Thinking 预习学案-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册

Unit3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Reading and Thinking预习学案 单元词汇表 速记·重点词汇——牢记词形和词义 1. n. 生态；生态学 2. vt. & n. 排放；释放；发布 3. trend n. 4. vt. & vi. 播送；广播；传播 n. 广播节目；电视节目 5. vt. 抓住；夺取；控制 6. vi. & vt. 改革；(使)改正；改造 n. 改革；变革；改良 7. vt. & vi. 提交；呈递；屈服 8. adj. 敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的 9. n. (一)打；十二个 10. n. 运动；战役 vi. & vt. 参加运动；领导运动 11. n. 政策；方针；原则 12. fine vt. 运用·语境填空——测试一下基本功 1. Having fully recovered from its injury, now the bird can ______ (release) into the wild. 2. She ______ (fine) $300 and banned from driving for one month. 3. Our school ______ (broadcast) an inspiring story to enhance our spirits now. 4. Because of these ______ (policy) of reform and opening up, China has taken on a new look over the past decades. 5. When he came to power, he had dozens of rules ______ (reform). 6. My father was ill, so I ______ (submit) the claim on behalf of him. 7. He said the findings would be useful in anti-smoking ______ (campaign). 8. He said there were ______ (dozen) of economic plans in the works. 速记·派生词汇——牢记词形和词义 1. starve vi. & vt. (使)挨饿；饿死 → n. 挨饿；饿死 → adj. 挨饿的 2. sustain vt. 维持；遭受；承受住 → adj. 可持续的；合理利用的 → n.持续性；可维持性 3. frequent adj. 频繁的；经常发生的 → adv. 频繁地；经常 → n. 频率；频繁 4. restrict vt. 限制；限定；束缚 → n. 限制规定；限制法规；约束 → adj. 受限制的；有限的 5. harmony n. 协调；和睦；融洽 → adj. 和谐的 6. restore vt. 恢复；使复原；修复 → n. 恢复 7. conserve vt. 保护；保存 → n. (对环境、文物等) 保护；保持 → adj. 保守的；守旧的 8. inspect vt. 检查；查看；视察 → n. 检查；视察 9. tolerate vt. 忍受；宽容；容许 → n. 宽容；忍耐 adj. 宽容的；容忍的 → n.容忍；忍受；宽容 运用·语境填空——测试一下基本功 1. He devoted himself to the research and ______ (frequent) went to the library to look up related information in his spare time. 2. They were threatened with ______ (starve) when flood drowned their village. 3. Make sure all the elevators undergo an annual safety ______ (inspect). 4. Understanding, love and ______ (tolerate) are the first three essentials that come to an authentic friendship. 5. This is the first time we have seen how energy is involved in the ______ (conserve) process. 6. Their ______ (harmony) relationship resulted in part from their similar goals. 7. The representatives of the conference think that the number of students in each class should be ______ (restrict) to 30. 8. With time going by, more and more countries have realized that a ______ (sustain) development is vital for human beings. 速记·重点短语——记牢搭配和意义 1. 代表(代替)某人 2. 提到；查阅；涉及；指的是 3. 导致；结果是 4. 执行；实施 5. 许多；很多 6. 实际上；在实施中 7. 促成；造成(某事发生)；捐赠 运用·语境填空——测试一下基本功 1. I'm very glad to put on a performance here ______ our school. 2. The enterprise's consultant found that she was unfit to ______ her normal work. 3. I have learned that the exhibition consists of ______ masterpieces painted by famous Chinese artists. 4. The effective measures ______ the development of local economy. 5. The old tax regulations will remain ______ until next June. 词汇联想 由新知联想已知 1. ecology n. 生态；生态学 [联想] biology n. 生物学 ecosystem n. 生态系统 psychology n. 心理学 technology n. 技术学 2. trend n. 趋势；趋向；动向 [联想] tendency n. 倾向；趋势 3. carbon n. 碳 [联想] carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 oxygen n. 氧气 methane n. 甲烷；沼气 hydrogen n. 氢气 4. annual adj. 每年的；一年的 n. 年刊；年鉴 [联想] monthly adj. 每月的 n. 月刊 yearly adj. 每年的，年度的 n. 年鉴 daily adj. 日常的；每日的 n. 日报 5. garbage n. 垃圾；废物 [联想] waste n. 垃圾 rubbish n. 垃圾；废弃物 litter n. 废弃物，垃圾 trash n. 废物；垃圾 课文整体阅读 (Reading and Thinking) 课文理解 Task 1 整体理解 Read the text quickly and choose the best answer to each question. 1. What does the text mainly tell us? A. Some polar bears died of starvation. B. What the greenhouse effect is. C. How the polar bears find food. D. Global warming has caused some disasters and we must pay attention to it. 2. What’s the main idea of the 4th paragraph? A. The increasing extreme weather. B. The consequences of high greenhouse gas emissions. C. The warming trend will last for a long time. D. People will pay a high price. Task 2 细节理解 Read the text carefully and choose the best answer to each question. 1. From the second paragraph we can learn that A. all the polar bears have died of starvation. B. the expert knows nothing about the polar bear. C. the polar bear couldn’t find enough food because of climate change. D. the polar bear liked travelling long distances. 2. Why is the “natural” greenhouse effect important and necessary? A. Because it is short-wave radiation. B. Because it is long-wave radiation. C. Because it releases more heat. D. Because it helps Earth to sustain life. 3. In which part of a newspaper or magazine may we find this text? A. Entertainment. B. Economy. C. Education. D. Environment. Task 3 多维探究 Answer the following questions. 1. Do you think climate change is the result of human activity? Give your reasons. 2. Who do you think should take responsibility for dealing with climate change? What can we do? 课文精粹 I 一词多义 1. release n. 排放；释放；发布；发行；公开 vt. 发布；释放；松开；免除；公开；宣泄 ①（教材原句）The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths. ② The new software is planned for release in April. ③ The band will release its new single next week. ④ Music is a great channel for releasing your emotions. 2. fuel n. 燃料；刺激性言行 v. 增加；给……提供燃料；加强；刺激 ①（教材原句）When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels, more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earth’s surface temperature to rise quickly. ② Fuel the vehicle as you would at a filling station. ③ Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites. II 长难语句 1. (学会断句) Experts claimed/that low sea-ice levels caused by climate change/meant the bear could not hunt seals as before, so it had to travel greater distances/in order to find food [分析] 本句是 so 连接的______。Experts claimed 是______；that 引导宾语从句，作 claimed 的宾语；该宾语从句中的 the bear could not hunt seals as before 也是宾语从句，作 meant 的宾语；caused by climate change 是过去分词短语作______，修饰名词 levels。 [翻译]：_____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 2. (学会断句) It is our responsibility/to seize every opportunity/to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts, because this is the most serious issue/affecting all of us on this planet. [分析] 本句是一个复合句。because 引导______从句；it 是______，真正的主语是 to seize every opportunity...；affecting all of us on this planet 是动词-ing 形式短语作______，修饰名词 issue。 [翻译]：____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ III 写作佳句积累 1. (续写佳句) In 2013, a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of a dead polar bear that was found on Norway’s Arctic island of Svalbard. 2. (续写佳句) We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. 核心词汇 1.starve vi. & vt. (使)挨饿; 饿死 - starve to death 饿死 - starve sb to death 使某人饿死 - starve for 渴望……; 极其需要…… - starve to do sth 渴望做某事 - starvation n. 饥饿; 饿死; 挨饿 即学即练——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①. They got lost in the desert and starved to ______ (dead). ②. He starved ______ (see) her once again. ③. Millions of people will face ______ (starve) next year as a result of the drought. ④. 我渴望得到一个学习如何包饺子的机会，包饺子是一个典型的中国习俗。 _________________how to make dumplings，which is a typical Chinese custom. 2. sustain vt. 维持; 遭受; 承受住 (1) sustain damage/an injury/a defeat 遭受损失/伤害/遭到失败 - sustain one's interest 保持某人的兴趣 (2) sustainable adj. 可持续的; 合理利用的 [即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①. ______ (sustain) development is a brand new idea of society development. ②. They found it difficult ______ (sustain) an interest in their talk. ③. 集体锻炼是提高身体素质和保持健康生活方式的最有效方法之一。 Group exercise is one of the most effective ways to improve physical fitness and ______. 3. restrict vt. 限制; 限定; 束缚 restrict...to... 把……限制在…… - restricted adj. 有限的; 受限制的 - be restricted to 被限制(在某范围) restriction n. 限制规定; 限制法规; 约束 - impose/place a restriction on sth 对某事实行限制 [即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ① The newly-opened swimming club is open to families in the neighbourhood without ______ (restrict). ② The government placed restrictions ______ the number of foreign cars that could be imported. ③ 俱乐部成员的数量被限制在10人以内，因此进入这个俱乐部很难。 The number of club members ______, so it is difficult to be admitted to the club. 4. seize vt. 抓住；夺取；控制 - seize sth from... 从......抓取/夺取某物 - seize a chance/an opportunity 抓住机会/机遇 - seize sb by the+身体部位 抓住某人的...... - be seized with 被(强烈的情感、愿望等)影响 [即学即练] 单句语法填空/词汇升级 ① Before the thief could run away, the brave girl seized him by ______ collar. ② Hearing that she was suspected by the police, she was seized ______ panic. ③ I was about to fall off the bike when my father reached out his strong hand and seized my arm. → I was about to fall off the bike when my father reached out his strong hand and ___________. 句法句式 1. There is little/no doubt that... “毫无疑问” [教材 P26] There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph). [句式分析] 本句中that引导同位语从句。There is no/little doubt that...意为“毫无疑问......”。 (1) doubt用作名词时，在肯定句中用whether(不可用if)引导同位语从句；在否定句中用that引导同位语从句。 (2) doubt用作动词时，在肯定句中后跟whether引导宾语从句；在否定/疑问句中后跟that引导宾语从句。 [即学即练] 单句语法填空/一句多译 ① I never doubt ______ special classes can help the gifted children to graduate earlier and take their place in life sooner. ② There is some doubt ______ I can inspire him to study hard to achieve his goal. ③ 我毫不怀疑，电脑在我们的日常生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色。 a. _______________ computers are playing an increasingly important part in our routine life. (doubt v.) b. _______________ computers are playing an increasingly important part in our routine life. (doubt n.) 2. 动词-ing 形式短语作结果状语 [教材 P27] There is strong comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but also costing human lives. [句式分析] 本句主句为“there be 句型”。 that 引导同位语从句，修饰 evidence。not only...but also... 为动词-ing 形式作结果状语。 1. 动词-ing 形式短语作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，其逻辑主语往往是前面的句子。 2. 不定式（短语）也可作结果状语，往往表示出乎意料的结果，其前通常加 only。 [即学即练] 单句语法填空/句式升级 ① They reached the company out of breath, only ______ (tell) they were fired. ②As you know, Spring Festival is celebrated by Chinese all over the world, and this makes it one of the most popular festivals. → As you know, Spring Festival is celebrated by Chinese all over the world, __________________ (定语从句). → As you know, Spring Festival is celebrated by Chinese all over the world, __________________ (动词-ing 形式). 3. Without 引导的虚拟条件句 [教材 P27] Without this process, Earth could not sustain life. [句式分析] 本句主语为 earth，谓语为 could not sustain，life 作宾语，句中 without this process 表示一个虚拟条件。 (1) 在虚拟结构中，如果表示与现在或将来事实相反的假设，则主句谓语用 would/should/could/might + do；如果表示与过去事实相反的假设，则主句谓语用 would/should/could/might + have done。 (2) 虚拟条件还可以用 but for, otherwise, or, but 等词来引导。 [即学即练]单句语法填空/句式升级 ① There is no denying that we couldn’t lead a comfortable life ______ electricity. ② I might ______ (give) you more help, but I was too busy. ③ 假若没有你的劝告，我想必已失败了。 _______________ I would have failed. 巩固落实 I. 单句语法填空 1. There is no doubt ______ he will succeed this time. 2. I wish to thank Professor Smith, ______ whose help I would never have achieved so much. 3. The result shows portfolio insurance can avoid risk without ______ (restrict) on profit. 4. The aim of ______ (sustain) development is to balance our economic, environmental and social needs. 5. Our best way to remember Yuan Longping is to treasure every grain of rice as well as every day without ______ (starve). 6. He fell off the bike, ______ (hit) his head against a big stone. II. 完成句子 1. 谢谢你告诉我们怎么到达那所房子，否则，我们就找不到它了。 Thanks for your directions to the house; we _____________________. 2. 毫无疑问，压力会导致生理疾病。 _____________________ stress can lead to physical illness. 3. 我想买那种可以到处旅游，不受限制的票。 I want to buy such kinds of tickets which don’t _____________________. 4. 该地区一直缺乏水资源，这个电视节目使得该问题受到了人们的关注。 The area _____________________, and the TV program has brought the problem to public attention. 5. 抓住这次机会来提高你的英语水平是有必要的。 It is necessary _____________________your English. III. 课文语法填空 There is little doubt ______ Earth is getting warmer and warmer, and there is strong evidence of a dramatic change in the global climate. A 2013 news photo of a ______ (die) polar bear showed that the polar bear seemed to have died of ______ (starve). This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had ______ impact on Earth’s ecology. The “greenhouse effect” is to blame. The “greenhouse effect” has two common meanings: the “natural” greenhouse effect ______ the “man-made” greenhouse effect. The process of “natural” greenhouse effect ______ (keep) Earth’s climate warm and habitable while the “man-made” greenhouse effect causes Earth’s surface temperature ______ (rise) quickly. As is well known, the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only ______ (cause) serious damage, but also costing human lives. To reduce greenhouse gas emissions, governments need to consider making ______ (policy) and taking appropriate actions and measures while we as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide ______ (we) lifestyles produce 参考答案 速记·重点词汇——牢记词形和词义 1. ecology 2. release 3. 趋势 4. broadcast 5. seize 6. reform 7. submit 8. sensitive 9. dozen 10. campaign 11. policy 12. …处以罚款 运用·语境填空——测试一下基本功 1. be released 2. was fined 3. is broadcasting 4. policies 5. reformed 6. submitted 7. campaigns 8. dozens 速记·派生词汇——牢记词形和词义 1. starvation; starving 2. sustainable; sustainability 3. frequently; frequency 4. restriction; restricted 5. harmonious 6. restoration 7. conservation; conservative 8. inspection; inspector 9. toleration; tolerant；tolerance 运用·语境填空——测试一下基本功 1. frequently 2. starvation 3. inspection 4. tolerance 5. conservation 6. harmonious 7. restricted 8. sustainable 速记·重点短语——记忆搭配和意义 1. on behalf of 2. refer to 3. result in 4. carry out 5. dozens of 6. in effect 7. contribute to 运用·语境填空——测试一下基本功 1. on behalf of 2. carry out 3. dozens of 4. contribute to 5. in effect 课文理解 Task 1 整体理解 1–2 DB Task 2 细节理解 1–3 CDD Task 3 多维探究 略 课文精粹 I—词多义 1. vt. 释放 2. n. 发行 3. vt. 发布 4. vt. 宣泄 5. n. 燃料 6. vt. 提供燃料 7. vt. 刺激 II 长难语句 1. 分析：并列复合句；主句；定语 翻译：专家称，由于气候变化造成的海冰水位较低，这意味着北极熊无法像以前那样捕猎海豹，所以为了找到食物它不得不长途跋涉。 2.分析：原因状语；形式主语；定语 翻译：我们有责任抓住每一个机会教育每个人，使他们了解全球变暖及其原因和影响，因为这是影响我们地球上所有人的最严重的问题。 核心词汇 1. death 2. see 3. starvation 4. I starve for a chance to learn how to make dumplings, a typical Chinese custom. 2. ① Sustainable ② to sustain ③ sustain a healthy lifestyle 3. ① restriction ② on ③ is restricted to ten 4. ① the ② with ③ seized me by the arm 句法句式 1. ① that ② whether ③ I don’t doubt that; I have no doubt that 2. ① to be told ②which makes it one of the most popular festivals; making it one of the most popular festivals 3. ① without ② have given ③ Without your advice 巩固落实 I. 单句语法填空 1. that 2. without 3. restriction 4. sustainable 5. starvation 6. hitting II. 完成句子 1. wouldn’t have found it otherwise 2. There is no doubt that 3. restrict me to travelling 4. has been starved for/of water 5. to seize the opportunity to improve III. 课文语法填空 1. that 2. dead 3. starvation 4. an 5. and 6. keeps 7. to rise 8. causing 9. policies 10. our 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $