专题02 阅读理解之记叙文（期中真题分类汇编，辽宁专用）八年级英语下学期

专题02 阅读理解之记叙文 主题01 人与自我——个人情况与个人兴趣 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁鞍山·期中） When I was a kid, I often played basketball, So I was thin but healthy. When I was about 15, I stopped playing basketball. I also started to drink a lot of drinks high in sugar and eat much more than before. Between 15 and 17, I put on a lot of weight (重量)—about 50kg. I didn’t know how big I was until I saw a photo one day. In the photo, I had a fat neck and my stomach was out here. I hated the way I looked. I knew I needed to lose some weight. I started to drink only water, and eat less and healthier. I ate mainly vegetables and only one piece of meat every day, and stayed away from sugar. I also started to exercise. Every day. I ran for 30minutes first, and then I did some push-ups (俯卧撑) for 10 minutes. I also jumped rope for 15 minutes every day. I kept exercising the whole winter. When March came, many people said to me, “Oh, Dave, you’ve been a different person!” It was true. I had lost 25kg in three months. I liked taking photos, and I noticed the difference in my looks. I loved the three months. It felt good to lose weight, and it felt even better to set a goal (目标) and go for it. 1．Dave put on a lot of weight partly because he ________. A．took some medicine B．got too much pressure C．didn’t have enough sleep D．had unhealthy eating habits 2．Dave decided to lose weight when ________. A．he lost a basketball game B．his friends laughed at him C．he saw a photo of himself D．the doctor asked him to do so 3．When Dave heard the underlined sentence, he probably felt ________. A．happy B．angry C．worried D．surprised 4．What can we learn from Dave’s story? A．Interest is the best teacher. B．Success comes from hard work. C．It’s never too late to lose weight. D．Sports help a person stay young. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了Dave曾因不良习惯增重，后通过健康饮食和坚持锻炼成功减肥的经历。 1．细节理解题。根据“I also started to drink a lot of drinks high in sugar and eat much more than before. Between 15 and 17, I put on a lot of weight—about 50kg.”可知，Dave增重是由于他不健康的饮食习惯。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“In the photo, I had a fat neck and my stomach was out here. I hated the way I looked. I knew I needed to lose some weight.”可知，Dave由于看到自己照片中肥胖的样子而决心减肥。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“Oh, Dave, you’ve been a different person!”和“I had lost 25kg in three months. I liked taking photos, and I noticed the difference in my looks.”可知，Dave成功减肥，所以在听到别人对他的肯定后心情是开心的。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“I ate mainly vegetables and only one piece of meat every day, and stayed away from sugar.”和“I also started to exercise. Every day...15 minutes every day.”可知，Dave通过改变自己的饮食习惯，坚持锻炼成功减重的事情，体现了“努力付出才能成功”的道理。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁锦州·期中） “How old are you?” The radio manager (经理) looked down at me. “Fifteen,” I said. “And you want a job in radio? Shouldn’t you be at school?” he asked. How could I explain? I’ve always loved the radio. I still remember, when I was four years old, I sat close to the radio in the living room, listening to my favourite programmes and to the voice of my favourite presenters (主持人). It seemed that they were speaking not to lots of listeners but to me in person. At the age of nine, I asked for part-time jobs in small radio stations. As I grew older, my interest in radio grew. One day I learned about Internet radio. Once a week, I played my favourite music from my father’s computer, talked about life at school, and hoped someone might be listening. Soon my friends at school started to listen, and then they wanted to help. We prepared a programme once a week, doing research by reading articles about music and sports news. We also did research for jokes and the weather report (I did this by looking out of the window). “OK, come with me,” the manager said. I sat down in the studio. He was in another room, behind a glass wall. “OK, let’s do a sound check. Just tell me what you had for breakfast.” All radio presenters need to answer the same question before they begin to work. The purpose is to check the sound level. “I had eggs, fruit and some milk.” “OK, that’s great!” the man behind the glass said. This was how my first real job in radio began. 1．When do you think the writer started an interest in radio? A．At the age of fifteen. B．At the age of four. C．At the age of nine. D．At the age of thirteen. 2．What did the writer do after learning about Internet radio? A．Playing music from computer once a week. B．Continuing to be interested in listening to radio. C．Sitting close to the radio in the living room. D．Asking for part-time jobs in small radio stations. 3．Which of the following is the correct order to tell the writer’s story? a. stood in front of the radio manager b. sat close to the radio in the living room c. learned about Internet radio d. asked for part-time jobs in small radio stations e. did research by reading articles about music and sports news f. got the first real job in radio A．a-b-d-c-e-f B．b-c-d-e-f-a C．f-b-c-d-e-a D．b-d-c-e-a-f 4．What’s the best title for the text? A．My First Real Job B．Part-time Jobs C．The Radio Manager D．Radio Times 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者从小对广播的热爱以及如何一步步实现自己在广播行业工作的梦想。 1．细节理解题。根据“I still remember, when I was four years old, I sat close to the radio in the living room”可知，作者4岁时就对收音机产生了兴趣。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Once a week, I played my favourite music from my father’s computer …”可知，作者每周用电脑播放音乐。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据文章内容：“I sat close to the radio in the living room”对应b；“I asked for part-time jobs in small radio stations.”对应d；“One day I learned about Internet radio.”对应c；“doing research by reading articles about music and sports news.”对应e；“the manager said. I sat down in the studio. He was in another room, behind a glass wall.”对应a；“This was how my first real job in radio began.”对应f。因此，顺序为b-d-c-e-a-f。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了作者从小对广播的热爱以及如何一步步实现自己在广播行业工作的梦想。故选D。 Passage 3 （23-24八年级下·辽宁营口·期中） When I leave school, I want a job that’s interesting and enjoyable. I don’t care if I have to work really hard. I enjoy helping other people. My friends say I'm good at talking to people. I’m also good at repairing (修理) things and I can stand the sight of blood. Where would I like to work? Of course, in a hospital. — Carla, 12 I like helping people too, but I don’t want to work in a hospital. I’d like to work with kids or teenagers. Because being with adults all day is boring. I’m good at listening to people. I’m also good at helping my classmates with their homework. My favourite subject is English and I can speak a little German. I’d like to work in a school. — Melissa, 13 I don't want an ordinary job. I want to have an exciting job. I enjoy travelling around the world. I’d like to meet different people every day. I’m good at maths and geography. And l can speak English, Spanish and German. I’d like to work on a plane. — Diego, 15 I don’t want an ordinary job either. I think working in an office is boring. I’d like to be famous. I love to be in front of lots of people. My favourite subjects are history and science. I’m really good at acting. I’d like to work on stage (舞台). — Mark, 14 1．Carla would like to work ________. A．on a plane B．in a school C．on stage D．in a hospital 2．What does the underlined word ordinary mean? A．Strange. B．Relaxing. C．Usual. D．Hard. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Melissa likes to work with kids and teenagers. B．Diego likes to act in front of lots of people. C．Both Carla and Mark like to help others. D．Mark enjoys travelling very much. 4．The students are talking about their ________. A．new hobbies B．future jobs C．favourite subjects D．everyday life 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文具体介绍了四名学生对未来工作的畅想。 1．细节理解题。根据“Where would I like to work? Of course, in a hospital.”可知，卡拉想在医院工作。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“I want to have an exciting job.”可推知，前一句表示“不想要一份普通的工作”；“ordinary”表示“普通的”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“I’d like to work with kids or teenagers”可知，梅丽莎想和孩子和青少年一起工作。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了四个人对未来工作的畅想。故选B。 主题02 人与自我——家人、朋友与周围的人 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁铁岭·期中） The weatherman said there was going to be a terrible storm, but the weather was so nice. Molly’s mother was going to buy some batteries (电池) in the corner store to prepare for the storm, although Molly thought it wasn’t necessary. Her mom left and was back an hour later. It was about 6:00 p.m., and the sky began to turn dark because of the black clouds. The wind also started to pick up. Then the rain started to beat against the windows. The trees shook hard. Some of the neighbors’ plants fell off their windows. “I’m scared.” said Molly to her mother. The storm lasted for about thirty minutes, long enough to make the lights go out and the old trees fall over. Even Gretchen, the cat, was staying quietly under the sofa. Molly’s mother lit some candles so they could see their way around the house. “What about dinner?” asked Molly. Her mother bought some fish when she went to the corner store. “I had a feeling that we wouldn’t be able to cook, so I bought the food and some bread.” said Molly’s mother. They ate the fish and the bread by candle light. “You know, this is kind of fun. It’s almost like camping.” said Molly. Later that night, the lights came back on. Molly said. “Although it was a scary time, I did have fun.” 1．Why did Molly’s mother go to the corner store? A．To get some newspapers. B．To get candles. C．To get batteries. D．To get cat food. 2．What did Molly eat for dinner? A．Some cakes. B．The fish and the bread. C．She ate nothing at all. D．Some cat food. 3．What can we know from the passage? A．Molly’s mother got wet because of the rainstorm. B．The rainstorm started in the morning. C．The rainstorm lasted for about half an hour. D．Gretchen liked staying quietly under the sofa all the time. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．A night with a rainstorm B．Molly and her cat C．Molly’s busy night D．Mom’s trip to the store 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Molly一家经历暴风雨的故事，包括妈妈为应对暴风雨准备、暴风雨中的情况及晚餐等 。 1． 细节理解题。根据“Molly’s mother was going to buy some batteries (电池) in the corner store to prepare for the storm”可知，妈妈去杂货店是买电池，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“They ate the fish and the bread by candle light.”可知，晚餐吃的鱼和面包，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“The storm lasted for about thirty minutes”可知，暴风雨持续约半小时，故选C。 4．最佳标题题。根据文章主要内容可知，本文围绕暴风雨夜展开，故“A night with a rainstorm 暴风雨之夜”最能概括文章主要内容，故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁大连·期中） New Year was coming. I told my mother that the only gift I wanted for the New Year was a Pogo Stick (弹簧单高跷). However, my mother said that they were so expensive that we couldn’t afford one. On a Saturday before New Year, my family went shopping together. While my mother and I were picking out the gifts, my dad said, “I’ll be back soon. I need to see something in the tool area.” A moment later, he came back with a long box. I was wondering if there was a Pogo Stick in it. When we arrived home, my dad put the box in the garage (车库). While my parents were busy with their housework, I quietly walked out to the garage and found the box. I was so happy because I thought as long as I opened that box, my bright Pogo Stick would appear! To my surprise, inside the box there was only an ugly old broom (扫帚). On New Year morning, I got some nice gifts, but I didn’t get the present that I really wanted. After cleaning up the room after dinner, my dad went out. When he came back in, he was carrying a beautiful Pogo Stick. I couldn’t believe it! Where did my dad hide it? He kept it to himself and my parents probably got quite a laugh from the joke they played on me. Although we didn’t have much money, my parents gave me the most important gift of all: love and happiness. 1．What’s the right order according to the text? a. My family went shopping together. b. My parents got a laugh from the joke. c. My dad put the box in the garage. d. I found an old broom inside the box. e. I wanted to get a Pogo Stick. A．e-a-c-d-b B．e-a-b-c-d C．b-d-e-c-a D．a-e-d-c-b 2．The writer felt a little ________ after he opened the box in the garage. A．lucky B．excited C．unhappy D．enjoyable 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．The writer got his favorite gift finally. B．The writer’s family couldn’t buy a Pogo Stick. C．The writer just got a broom as a gift. D．The writer’s parents usually play jokes on him. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．A special festival B．The gift of love C．A big day for New Year D．A funny joke 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文讲述了作者在新年期间渴望得到一个弹簧单高跷作为礼物，但母亲表示家里经济困难无法购买。后来父亲用一个装有旧扫帚的盒子戏弄了作者，最终在新年早晨意外收到了心仪的礼物，体会到父母的爱与幸福。 1．细节理解题。根据“I told my mother that the only gift I wanted for the New Year was a Pogo Stick (弹簧单高跷).”可知，“我”想要弹簧单高跷，即e；根据“On a Saturday before New Year, my family went shopping together.”可知，家人们一起去购物，即a；根据“When we arrived home, my dad put the box in the garage (车库).”可知，爸爸把那个盒子放在了车库里，即c；根据“To my surprise, inside the box there was only an ugly old broom (扫帚).”可知，“我”发现d盒子里只有一把难看的旧扫帚，即d；根据“He kept it to himself and my parents probably got quite a laugh from the joke they played on me.”可知，父母可能因为捉弄“我”的那个玩笑而笑得很开心，即b。正确顺序为e-a-c-d-b，故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“I was so happy because I thought as long as I opened that box, my bright Pogo Stick would appear! To my surprise, inside the box there was only an ugly old broom (扫帚).”可知，作者打开盒子后应是感到不开心，因为期待落空。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“When he came back in, he was carrying a beautiful Pogo Stick. I couldn’t believe it!”可知，作者最终还是得到了心仪的礼物。故选A。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章核心是父母通过“玩笑”传递的爱与幸福，因此B“爱的礼物”符合文意，为最佳标题。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁大连·期中） Every year on my birthday, ever since I turned twelve, a white gardenia (栀子花) would be sent to my house. I had tried to find out the sender’s name, but no card ever came with the flower. The phone calls to the flower shop didn’t help, either. After a while, I gave up and was just pleased with the yearly beautiful white flower wrapped (包裹) in soft pink paper. However, I never stopped imagining who the giver might be. Some of my happiest moments were spent daydreaming about this sender. My mother encouraged these daydreams. She would ask me if I had been especially kind to someone. Maybe it was one of my classmates. Maybe it was the old man who lived across the street. I had sent letters for him during the winter. But, as a girl, I had more fun imagining from the sender to be some boy I had met. A month before I graduated (毕业) from high school, my father passed away. I was so sad that I became completely uninterested in my upcoming (即将来临的) graduation dance. Would I have a new dress to wear to it? I didn’t care at all. However, my mother wouldn’t let me miss any of those things. She wanted her children to feel loved. In fact, my mother wanted her children to see themselves much like how I came to see the gardenia: lovely and strong, with perhaps a bit of mystery (神秘感). Several years after my graduation, I got married at the age of 22. My mother died ten years later. That was when the gardenia stopped coming. 1．The author first received the white gardenia on her ________. A．10th birthday B．12th birthday C．22nd birthday D．32nd birthday 2．What can you learn from the passage? A．The author’s father passed away a month before her wedding. B．The author lose interest in her graduation dance because her mother didn’t allow her to go. C．The author’s mother gave the author some suggestions about the possible senders. D．The author’s mother bought more gardenias for the author. 3．From the passage, we can infer (推测) that ________ sent the gardenia to the author. A．some boy the author had ever met B．one of the author’s classmates C．the author’s mother D．the author’s father 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．It tells about the author’s love for gardenias. B．It shows the importance of family. C．It describes the relationship between the author and her mother. D．It shares the author’s memories of a special gift and her mother’s love. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者的妈妈通过匿名给女儿在每年过生日时都送来白栀子花一事，让女儿感受到被关爱的幸福，即使爸爸离开了他们，妈妈仍然希望孩子幸福。 1．细节理解题。根据“Every year on my birthday, ever since I turned twelve, a white gardenia (栀子花) would be sent to my house.”可知，作者首次收到栀子花是在12岁生日。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“My mother encouraged these daydreams. She would ask me if I had been especially kind to someone. Maybe it was one of my classmates. Maybe it was the old man who lived across the street.”可知，母亲对可能的送花人提出了建议。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“My mother died ten years later. That was when the gardenia stopped coming.”可知，十年后，我母亲去世了。从那时起，栀子花便不再送来。由此推断花是作者母亲送的。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了作者的妈妈通过匿名给女儿在每年过生日时都送来白栀子花一事，让女儿感受到被关爱的幸福，旨在分享其特殊礼物的记忆和母亲的爱。故选D。 Passage 4 （23-24八年级下·辽宁大连·期中） It was a sunny morning. I watched my six-year old little girl Cindy playing in her room. In one hand was a plastic phone; in the other a toy broom. I listened as she was speaking to her imaginary (假装的) friend on the phone. I’ll never forget the words she said, even though she was just imagining. She said, “Cindy’s in the corner because she’s not been very good. She doesn’t listen to a word I say or do the things she should.” In the corner I saw her baby doll. It was clear that she was there to sit alone. My daughter went on with her own “conversation (对话)” as I sat down on the floor. She said, “I’m all bored. I just don’t know what to do with her anymore! She never lets me do the things that I just have to do! I have a lot of work to do and a big house to keep clean. I don’t have the time to sit and play. Don’t you know what I mean?” That day, I thought a lot about making some changes as I listened to her words. Now I have changed because I learned to see the world in a different light, through my little darling’s eyes. I’m going to fill the house with memories (记忆) of a child and her kind mother. 1．What was the daughter doing in her room? A．Playing with her baby doll. B．Cleaning the house with a broom. C．Listening to stories from a phone. D．Playing games on her phone. 2．What does the underlined word “she” refer to (指代) in Paragraph 2? A．The mother. B．The daughter. C．Cindy’s friend. D．Cindy’s baby doll. 3．We can know from Paragraph 3 that _____________. A．the daughter doesn’t love her mother at all B．the daughter doesn’t like doing housework C．the writer talks like her daughter is speaking D．the daughter is speaking to her mother 4．What will the writer do after hearing her daughter’s words? A．She will buy more dolls for her daughter. B．Talk to her daughter more kindly. C．Help her daughter make more friends. D．Forget the bad memories of her daughter. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者听到自己的小女儿假装打电话时说的话而有所思考，开始有所改变，要让整个房子充满一个孩子和她慈祥母亲的回忆。 1．细节理解题。根据“I watched my six-year old little girl Cindy playing in her room. In one hand was a plastic phone; in the other a toy broom. I listened as she was speaking to her imaginary friend on the phone.”可知，小女孩正在用塑料手机玩打电话游戏。故选D。 2．词义猜测题。根据第二段“In the corner I saw her baby doll. It was clear that she was there to sit alone.”可知，划线单词“she”指代上文提到的玩具娃娃，被罚在角落里坐着思过。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“I have a lot of work to do and a big house to keep clean. I don’t have the time to sit and play. Don’t you know what I mean?”可知，在假想的对话中女儿扮演玩具娃娃的妈妈；据此可以推断，女孩说这些话是在学自己的妈妈。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“I’m going to fill the house with memories of a child and her kind mother.”可知，作者要做出改变，打算做一个和蔼的妈妈，应该会对她女儿说话更亲切些。故选B。 主题03人与社会——人际关系与志愿者服务 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） The Most Valuable Player (MVP) award was what I hoped to get. Back in Grade 6, soccer became my favorite sport. I wasn’t the best player on the team at the beginning of the year. But after a lot of hard work, by the end of the year, I felt that I was the MVP. As the soccer season went on, we finally finished second in the city. Our team was a very good team, and I was a big part of that. Kenny was the captain (队长), but I was the player who scored the most goals in the team. Kenny would always pass the ball to all his players. At the end of the year, there was a sports dinner at school. People got prizes for excellent performance. Everyone on the team felt that I would get the MVP. At the end of the dinner, the coach stood up and announced (宣布) the winners for the prizes, “The winner for the MVP is Kenny.” How could that be? I couldn’t believe my ears. After the event, the coach came up to me and explained. He said, “You were the best player on the team, but you did not pass the ball. You were out there for yourself but not for the team. You have to realize that soccer is about the team, not about one individual player.” I was ashamed by what the coach had said. Now I am in Grade 8 and the captain of the soccer team. I feel that I have learned that a team sport is not just about you. It is about “us”. Now I am both a better player and a better captain because of this. 1．Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 1? A．The writer didn’t work very hard. B．Kenny scored the most goals in the team. C．The writer’s team won the second place in the city. D．The writer was the best player when he joined the team. 2．How did the writer feel when he knew Kenny got the MVP? A．Excited. B．Surprised. C．Sad D．Relaxed 3．What does the underlined word “individual” mean in Paragraph 4 in English? A．Personal. B．Polite. C．Excellent. D．Active. 4．What does the text mainly tell us? A．Failure is the mother of success. B．Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. C．Teamwork makes the dream work. D．The most important thing is to be “me”. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章中作者讲述了自己在足球队逐渐理解了团队合作重要性的经历。 1．细节理解题。根据“we finally finished second in the city”可知作者的团队获得了市第二名，故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“Everyone on the team felt that I would get the MVP”和“How could that be? I couldn’t believe my ears.”可推断作者没有想到自己落选，对这个结果是惊讶的，故选B。 3．词义猜测题。根据“You have to realize that soccer is about the team”和“not about”可猜测其意思和the team“团队”相反，结合备选项可知personal“个人的”符合语境，故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据“You have to realize that soccer is about the team, not about one individual player”和“I feel that I have learned that a team sport is not just about you. It is about ‘us’.”及全文可知文章主要告诉我们团队合作的重要性，故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁锦州·期中） What does filial piety (n.孝顺) mean to you? It might mean listening to your parents, helping them with housework, or just being kind to them. They are very common things. Everyone can do those. Ten teenagers got awards (n.奖励) for their filial piety in a contest (n.比赛) called Searching for Filial Teens. The youngest award-winner was 7 years old, while the oldest was 15. They come from different places, but they have something in common. They all love their parents. Now let’s learn about one of them here. Yu Qiwei and his mom. CCTV 15-year-old Yu Qiwei, from Sichuan, had a happy family of three. But three years ago, his father died while saving someone who was drowning (v.溺水). Later, he found that his mother had a serious brain illness. He had to learn how to cook dinner, clean the rooms and wash clothes. To make a living, he and his mother opened an online store. Yu worked for this store by buying goods (n.商品) and sending them to buyers. Though he was busy taking care of these things, he still did well in school. He spent his free time studying or staying with his mother. He saved money by not taking any after-school classes. “Life is hard, but one day, I will ‘fly’ high together with my mom,” Yu said. 1．How old was the youngest winner for his filial piety? A．Five. B．Seven. C．Ten. D．Fifteen. 2．From the passage we can know that ______. A．doing housework are bad for teens B．there are four people in Yu Qiwei’s family C．Yu Qiwei sets an example for teens D．his grandmother makes Yu Qiwei have a happy life 3．Which is the right order according to the passage? ①Yu Qiwei opened an online store.    ②Yu Qiwei’s father saved someone’s life. ③Yu Qiwei’s mother became badly sick.    ④Yu Qiwei got awards for his filial piety. A．②③①④ B．④②①③ C．③④①② D．①②③④ 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Yu Qiwei always played with his friends. B．Yu Qiwei isn’t a good student in school. C．Yu Qiwei’s mother sold goods herself. D．Yu Qiwei’s father was brave enough. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文讲述在一场名为“寻找孝顺青少年”的比赛中，10名青少年因孝顺而获奖。最年轻的获奖者7岁，最大的15岁。他们来自不同的地方，但有一个共同点：他们都爱他们的父母。文章主要讲述了于琪巍和他妈妈的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“The youngest award-winner was 7 years old”可知年龄最小的获奖者7岁。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“They all love their parents. Now let’s learn about one of them here.”以及文章内容可知，文章以于琪巍为例，展示他孝亲、勤学、自强的品质，为同龄人树立榜样。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“his father died while saving someone who was drowning (v.溺水). Later, he found that his mother had a serious brain illness”可知他的父亲因救人失去了生命，之后，他的母亲被查出得了严重的脑部疾病；根据“To make a living, he and his mother opened an online store”可知为了生活，他和母亲开了网店；根据“Ten teenagers got awards (n.奖励) for their filial piety”可知他最后因孝顺而获奖。正确顺序为②③①④。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“his father died while saving someone who was drowning”可知他的父亲因为救溺水的人而去世了，可推断他的父亲很勇敢。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） Socks are very useful. They can keep our feet warm and safe. But some people don’t have socks. A place for homeless people in West Tennessee needed socks very much. Brad Montague heard about this and wanted to help. In 2010, Montague worked as a volunteer at a middle school in Henderson, Tennessee. He told the students there about the problem. They thought of an idea together: Socktober. They asked people to give new socks in October. This idea was a success. They got so many socks that Montague’s car couldn’t hold them all. Montague also gave socks to homeless people on the street and said, “Happy Socktober!” He wanted other places to join in too. He put information about giving socks on the Internet. This made other people in Tennessee want to do the same thing. Now, Socktober has been around for almost 15 years. People in every state in the U.S. have sock drives. They also happen in Canada, Australia, and India. People do this every year. Montague said, “Anyone can do it. Everyone needs socks, and it’s easy to share them.” Schools also like Socktober. Many students try to make money to buy socks for it. Some sell drinks, some collect bottles, and others find other ways to help. Montague thanks everyone who helps. Anderson Brown is an eighth grader at Ridges Junior High School. He said he looked forward to Socktober every autumn. “We should care about everyone.” Brown said. 1．Who first heard about the need for socks and wanted to help? A．Anderson Brown. B．Brad Montague. C．A teacher at the middle school. D．A student volunteer. 2．Why did Brad Montague put information about giving socks on the Internet? A．To sell socks online. B．To show off his car. C．To encourage more people to join in. D．To find out who needs socks. 3．What does the underlined words “sock drives” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Cars for holding socks. B．Events that people give socks. C．Trips that people look for socks. D．Invitations for sock lovers. 4．How did students in many schools feel about the idea of Socktober? A．They didn’t mind it. B．They couldn’t stand it. C．They thought it was difficult. D．They loved it and found ways to help. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了Brad Montague发起“Socktober”活动，号召人们为无家可归者捐赠袜子的故事，以及该活动在全球范围内的广泛影响。 1．细节理解题。根据“Brad Montague heard about this and wanted to help.”可知，最早听说袜子需求并想帮助的人是Brad Montague。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“ He wanted other places to join in too. He put information about giving socks on the Internet. This made other people in Tennessee want to do the same thing.”可知，他在网上发布信息的目的是鼓励更多人参与。故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据“They thought of an idea together: Socktober. They asked people to give new socks in October.”及“Now, Socktober has been around for almost 15 years. People in every state in the U.S. have sock drives.”可知，“sock drives”指的是人们送袜子的活动。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Schools also like Socktober. Many students try to make money to buy socks for it.”可知，学生们也喜欢这个主意并找方法来帮助。故选D。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·辽宁锦州·期中） Last year, I went to Beijing Qizhi Special Education School for community service (社区服务). Before we took the bus, my friend asked me a question: “Why are you here?” I did not know how to answer the question. The school was not far from my school, but it looked like it was in a different world. A group of children were waiting for us. A boy walked toward me. He held my hands and pulled me to the ground. I kissed the earth and tasted nature. I could not understand what he was doing at first, so I was very angry. Though I was very angry, I controlled my anger. A teacher stopped this awkward (adj.尴尬的) silence when she shouted at the boy. “What are you doing right here, right now?” she said. “You will never see your mom again if you keep doing this. Now, say sorry,” “Sorry,” he cried fearfully and nervously. I said nothing, but I realized something about this child. After lunch, I asked the teacher for information about the child’s parents. She said that the child was very different from other students because of an illness. His family could not afford (v.支付得起) to treat him. He needed the kindness of his family, but they had abandoned him. So he depended on the support (支持) from the teachers and community service workers like us. I suddenly realized I could answer the question my friend asked me at the beginning of the day. Community service workers help others and make everyone feel better. There are so many people in the world that need help. Playing with lonely children may not make a big difference. But it can light a corner in the children’s hearts, making them know they are loved by people. 1．How did the writer reach Beijing Qizhi Special Education School? A．By train. B．By car. C．By bus. D．By taxi. 2．Why did the writer get angry? A．Because a boy held the writer’s hands. B．Because the writer did not like to taste nature. C．Because a boy pushed the writer to the ground. D．Because a boy wasn’t friendly to the writer. 3．The underlined word “abandoned” most probably means “______”. A．hurt B．left C．sold D．forgotten 4．From the passage we can learn that the writer ______. A．helped so many people in the world B．played with the lonely boy after lunch C．learned the meaning of community service D．wasn’t good at community service 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者前往北京启智特殊教育学校进行社区服务的经历，在与一位特殊儿童的互动中，从起初的愤怒到最终理解社区服务的真正意义。 1．细节理解题。根据“Before we took the bus”可知作者是乘公交车到达该校。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“He held my hands and pulled me to the ground. I kissed the earth and tasted nature. I could not understand what he was doing at first, so I was very angry”可知他握住作者的手，把作者拉到了地上，可推知作者生气是因为小男孩对他不友好。故选D。 3．词义猜测题。根据“His family could not afford (v.支付得起) to treat him. He needed the kindness of his family, but they had abandoned him”可知，他的家人因无法承担治疗费用而抛弃了他，划线部分意为“抛弃、遗弃”，和left意义相近。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“Community service workers help others and make everyone feel better...But it can light a corner in the children’s hearts, making them know they are loved by people.”可知作者意识到社区服务能让每个人感觉更好，它可以照亮孩子们心中的一个角落，让他们知道人们爱他们，所以作者明白了社区服务的意义。故选C。 主题04 人与社会——文学、艺术、历史 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁葫芦岛·期中） A woman kept a bird and she really liked it. But one day the bird flew away. The woman was sad and went out to look for it on the mountain near her home. At last, she met the bird. The woman said excitedly, “Will you please go home with me, my bird?” Though the bird was also happy to see the woman, it shook its head. “Take me to your home and let me see how you live.” the woman said. The bird led the woman to its new home. She found it lived well with many other birds. So she decided to go back home alone. Before she was leaving, the bird gave her a basket. When she returned home, she told her husband what had happened. Her husband opened the basket and saw a lot of gold. The man was very greedy (贪婪的) and he went to the bird’s home, too. “Hello, my bird. I miss you very much.” cried the man falsely (虚伪地). In fact, he used to treat (对待) the bird badly. The bird said nothing. It took out two baskets, a light one and a heavy one. The bird asked him to choose one and he could open it after he reached home. Of course, he chose the heavy one and took it home with great difficulty. However, when he opened the basket, he found it was full of stones! 1．What did the woman do on the mountain? A．She wanted to visit her friend. B．She found a basket full of gold. C．She looked for her lost bird. D．She looked for gold. 2．Why did the woman’s husband go to the bird’s home? A．Because he loved the bird. B．Because he wanted to bring the bird home. C．Because he wanted more baskets. D．Because he wanted more gold. 3．Which of the following is TRUE about the woman’s husband? A．He got two baskets from the bird. B．He missed the bird very much. C．He got lots of gold at last. D．He didn't treat the bird well. 4．What does the story mainly want to tell us? A．We should try our best to keep more birds. B．Be kind to others and don’t be greedy. C．Kind people can get everything they want. D．We can get lots of gold if we are friendly to birds. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇寓言故事，讲述了一个女人养的鸟飞走后，女人找到鸟并被鸟赠予一篮子金子，而贪婪且曾不善待鸟的丈夫也去找鸟，却只得到一篮子石头的故事。文章旨在通过这个故事告诫人们要善待他人，摒弃贪婪的品性。 1．细节理解题。根据“But one day the bird flew away. The woman was sad and went out to look for it on the mountain near her home.”可知，女人去山上是为了寻找她飞走的鸟， 故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Her husband opened the basket and saw a lot of gold. The man was very greedy (贪婪的) and he went to the bird’s home, too.”可知，女人的丈夫去鸟的家是因为他想要更多的金子， 故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“In fact, he used to treat (对待) the bird badly.”可知，女人的丈夫过去对这只鸟不好， 故选D。 4．主旨大意题。文章中女人善待鸟，鸟给她金子；而丈夫贪婪，对鸟不好，最后只得到一篮子石头，这个故事主要告诉我们要善待他人，不要贪婪， 故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） Spider-Man is often thought of as one of the most popular superheroes of all time. But did you know that he almost wasn’t created? Stan Lee came up with the idea for Spider-Man in 1962. He was a different kind of superhero from what had come before. He was a teenager who had everyday problems. Back then, superheroes were strong, grown men who saved people. Teenagers were helpers. The heroes didn’t have to worry about real-life problems like paying bills and caring for an old relative. They flew in the sky and fought aliens. Stan Lee was about to change that. When Stan told his boss about Spider-Man, his boss said it was “the worst idea” he’d ever heard, reported the Vintage News. For a time, it seemed that it was the end for Stan’s friendly neighborhood hero. But then, Stan had an idea. One of Marvel Comics’ books was going to stop. Stan Lee said, “Nobody cared what you put inside a book that was going to be killed.” So, Stan Lee teamed up with artist Steve Ditko, who made Spider-Man’s iconic (标志性的) look. Together, they put Spider-Man in the 15th and last issue (期) of the comic book Amazing Fantasy. Spider-Man was a huge hit. The issue, showing the superhero on its cover, was a bestseller. And so, Spider-Man was given his own comic book, The Amazing Spider-Man. He has become one of the most beloved fictional (虚构的) characters of all time. So, if you have an idea that you think is great, don’t give up! 1．Why was Spider-Man different from other superheroes at the time? A．Because he fought aliens from outer space. B．Because he had to deal with real-life problems. C．Because he was a grown man, stronger than others. D．Because he never worried about looking after an old family. 2．How did Stan Lee finally get to create Spider-Man? A．He started his own company. B．He sold the idea to another publisher. C．He got money and support from Steve Ditko. D．He used a comic book that was almost ending. 3．What does the underlined phrase “a huge hit” in the last paragraph mean? A．Spider-Man was a total failure. B．Spider-Man became very popular. C．Spider-Man caused a book to be killed. D．Stan Lee got hurt while writing Spider-Man. 4．What’s the best title of the passage? A．A Different Hero. B．Spider-Man’s First Story. C．Marvel’s Best Superhero. D．The Secret History of Marvel Comics. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了蜘蛛侠的创作背景及发展历程。 1．细节理解题。根据“He was a teenager who had everyday problems.”可知，蜘蛛侠与其他超级英雄不同是因为他需要应对现实生活中的问题。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Stan Lee teamed up with artist Steve Ditko... comic book Amazing Fantasy.”可知，斯坦·李利用了一本即将停刊的漫画书来创作蜘蛛侠。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据“The issue, showing the superhero on its cover, was a bestseller.”可知，以这位超级英雄为封面的漫画书成了畅销书，“a huge hit”意思是蜘蛛侠变得非常受欢迎。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章围绕蜘蛛侠这一与众不同的超级英雄展开，讲述了创造他的过程等内容，“A Different Hero”能很好地概括文章主旨。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁大连·期中） In ancient times, Nezha, the son of General Li Jing, lived in Chentangguan. Born with special powers, Nezha had two magical treasures (宝物): the Hun Tian Ling and the Qian Kun Ring. One very hot day, Nezha went to the East Sea to swim. When he put the Hun Tian Ling into the water, huge waves rose up, shaking the Dragon King’s Crystal Palace. The Dragon King sent a yaksha (夜叉) to find out what was going on. The yaksha attacked (攻击) Nezha. Nezha quickly threw his Qian Kun Ring and beat the yaksha. The Dragon King was very angry. Then he sent his son, Prince Ao Bing. The prince rushed towards Nezha with a spear (长矛), but Nezha caught him with the Hun Tian Ling and won the battle. After that, Nezha used the prince’s dragon sinews (龙筋) to make a belt (腰带) for his father. When the Dragon King learned about his son’s death, he asked General Li Jing to hand over Nezha. To protect his family, Nezha made a sacrifice (牺牲) by giving up his body. Luckily, his master, Taiyi Zhenren, later brought Nezha back to life using magical lotus flowers. 1．Why did Nezha go to the East Sea? A．To look for treasure. B．To learn new magic. C．To make himself cool. D．To visit the Dragon King. 2．What made the Dragon King’s Crystal Palace shake? A．An earthquake. B．Nezha’s treasure. C．A big storm. D．The yaksha. 3．What did the yaksha do when he saw Nezha? A．He swam with Nezha. B．He asked Nezha to stop the noise. C．He took Nezha to the palace. D．He fought Nezha. 4．How did Nezha protect his family? A．He fought the Dragon King. B．He asked the yaksha for help. C．He gave up his own life. D．He used his magic power. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文讲述了哪吒的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“One very hot day, Nezha went to the East Sea to swim.”可知，哪吒去东海是为了游泳降温，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“When he put the Hun Tian Ling into the water, huge waves rose up, shaking the Dragon King’s Crystal Palace.”可知，是混天绫（哪吒的宝物）引发巨浪震动水晶宫，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“The yaksha attacked Nezha.”可知，夜叉直接攻击哪吒，故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据原文“To protect his family, Nezha made a sacrifice by giving up his body.”可知，哪吒通过牺牲自己保护家人，故选C。 主题05 人与社会——著名人物 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） Wang Hongchun was a rescue worker from Beijing. She lost her life when she helped save villagers in a heavy rain. In July 2023, Wang and other members of the Fangshan Blue Sky Rescue Team rushed to take villagers to safe places. On the way to a flooded (洪水浸没的) village, Wang and some other team members saw something was wrong with a bridge, so they stayed there to stop cars and villagers from crossing the bridge. On the morning of 31 July 2023, the water in the river suddenly started to rise and Wang and her teammates tried to save themselves. They quickly got on a lifeboat. However, the boat overturned (倾覆) in the flood and the water swept away (冲走) all eight members on the boat. In the end, people saved four members of the team. On 1 August, people found Wang Hongchun about 30 kilometres down the river, and another member of the team, Liu Jianmin, about 70 kilometres down the river on 3 August. But unluckily, both of them died. Wang was one of the first members of Fang shan Blue Sky Rescue Team. She often paid her team with her money. In 2013, after she just joined the rescue team, Wang spent 4,700 yuan buying things for rescue work. Many people came to say their last goodbye to Wang and Liu on 12 August. 1．Who was Wang Hongchun? A．A worker on a lifeboat. B．A member of a rescue team. C．A policewoman from Beijing. D．A villager in a flooded village. 2．How did the members try to save themselves in the flood? A．By car. B．By swimming. C．By running. D．By boat. 3．What is the right order of the following facts about Wang Hongchun? ① She stopped cars and villagers crossing the bridge. ② She spent 4,700 yuan buying things for rescue work. ③ She lost her life when she helped save villagers. ④ She tried to save herself in the flood. A．②④③① B．①④③② C．②①④③ D．①④②③ 4．What can we learn about Wang Hongchun from Paragraph 5? A．She lived a busy life. B．She did much for the team. C．She lost her life for the team. D．She was a new member of the team. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了北京救援人员王宏春的事迹，2023年7月她随房山蓝天救援队在暴雨救援中，因桥有隐患留滞守护，后遇洪水，她与队友遇险，最终不幸遇难。 1．细节理解题。根据“Wang Hongchun was a rescue worker from Beijing.”可知，王宏春是救援队的一名队员。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“They quickly got on a lifeboat.”可知，救援队队员乘救生艇自救。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“In 2013 ... Wang spent 4,700 yuan buying things for rescue work.”，“In July 2023 ... so they stayed there to stop cars and villagers from crossing the bridge.”，“On the morning of 31 July 2023, ... Wang and her teammates tried to save themselves.”和“On 1 August, people found Wang Hongchun ... both of them died.”可知，2013年王宏春花了4700元购买救援物资，即②；在去被洪水淹没的村庄路上，她阻止车辆和村民过桥，即①；7月31日早上洪水上涨，她试图在洪水中自救，即④；最后她在帮助救援过程中失去了生命，即③；正确顺序为②①④③。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“She often paid her team with her money. In 2013 ... spent 4,700 yuan buying things for rescue work.”可知，王宏春为队伍自掏腰包、购置物资，做了很多贡献。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁锦州·期中） Thirteen years ago, Liu Xiuxiang was famous as a university student because he took his sick mother to his university. Now he’s famous again as “the most beautiful teacher” for his kindness to his students. When Liu was 4, his father died. His mother was so sad that she developed many health problems. When Liu was 10, his 17-year-old brother and two sisters, 13 and 19, left home to find jobs. Liu had to take care of his mother and make money while studying. When he was at middle school, Liu made about 20 yuan a week by collecting rubbish. During summer vacations, he worked for 18 hours a day to make money. He realized he could change his life only by getting an education. Liu became a teacher when he left the university. He taught in his hometown Wangmo County in Guizhou. There, he helped many children to go back to school. Since 2012, he has raised money for over 1,900 students. “I want to wake up the parents and children who think education useless (无用的). Education changed my life and I believe it will change theirs, too,” he said. Liu is a history teacher now and he still looks after his mother. He sometimes takes his students to visit the house he lived in as a child. His story helps cheer up his students. 1．Liu Xiuxiang was famous 13 years ago because ________. A．he took his mother to his university B．he went to an excellent university C．he was “the most beautiful teacher” D．he was kind to his students 2．What happened when Liu Xiuxiang was ten? A．His father died. B．His brother went to university. C．His sisters and brother went out to work. D．His mother got sick. 3．Liu tried to ________ after he became a teacher. A．forget his past B．help children return to school C．make more money D．raise money for the school 4．What can we know about Liu Xiuxiang from the text? A．He seldom cares for his mother now. B．He believes education can hardly change his life. C．He’s a Chinese teacher and likes telling stories. D．He uses his story to raise his students’ spirits. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了最美老师刘秀祥的故事，他坚信知识改变命运，帮助很多孩子重返学校。 1．细节理解题。根据“Thirteen years ago, Liu Xiuxiang was famous as a university student because he took his sick mother to his university.”可知十三年前，刘秀祥因带着病重的母亲上大学而出名。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“When Liu was 10, his 17-year-old brother and two sisters, 13 and 19, left home to find jobs.”可知刘秀祥十岁时，他的哥哥姐姐外出打工了。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“There, he helped many children to go back to school.”可知刘秀祥成为老师后，他帮助许多学生重返学校。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“He sometimes takes his students to visit the house he lived in as a child. His story helps cheer up his students.”可知他用自己的故事来鼓舞学生。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁阜新·期中） Hu Yingfu and Wang Zhangmin are famous as “marathon (马拉松) duo (二人组)”. Although Hu is 86 and Wang is 77, they have been in over 100 marathon races. This makes them very healthy. So far, they have won at least 200 medals (奖牌) from all kinds of sports meetings. There is even a special room in their home to show them. Over 20 years ago, Wang followed her friend’s advice to run. She felt it was quite good for her health, so she encouraged Hu to run with her in 1997. However, it was not easy for them to start at first. They had to run one to two hundred metres in the beginning. Little by little, they could run farther and farther. In 2004, they joined the track competition at the National Masters Games for the first time. To their surprise, Wang won the fourth prize. From then on, they often appeared in all kinds of sports meetings and won many prizes. Later, they started to think about running marathons. In April 2011, they joined their first marathon race and finished it successfully. So far, they have run over 40,000 kilometres. They have also made many friends through running and inspired (激励) lots of young people to join them. They say, “Life is a marathon.” 1．What does the underlined word “them” refer to? A．The races. B．The medals. C．The sports meetings. D．The runners. 2．What might Hu and Wang think of running at first? A．It was easy. B．It was hard. C．It was funny. D．It was boring. 3．What’s the right time order (顺序) of the following events (事件)? ① Hu and Wang started to join the marathon. ② Wang started to run. ③ Wang won a prize. ④ Hu stared to run. A．②③④① B．④②③① C．②④③① D．④②①③ 4．In which part of a newspaper can we read the text? A．Sports. B．Culture. C．Science. D．Family. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了86岁的胡应福和77岁的王章敏这对“马拉松二人组”坚持跑步并取得优异成绩的故事。 1．词义猜测题。根据文章“So far, they have won at least 200 medals...There is even a special room in their home to show them.”可知，到目前为止，他们至少赢得了200枚奖牌。他们家里甚至有一个特别的房间来展示这些奖牌，“them”指代“medals”。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章“However, it was not easy for them to start at first.”可知，他们最初觉得跑步很困难。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Over 20 years ago, Wang followed her friend’s advice to run. She felt it was quite good for her health, so she encouraged Hu to run with her in 1997.”可知，20多年前，王章敏先开始跑步，然后在1997年鼓励胡应福加入跑步；根据“In 2004...Wang won the fourth prize.”可知，2004年王章敏获奖；根据“In April 2011, they joined their first marathon race...”可知，2011年他们首次参加马拉松。由此可知正确顺序为②④③①。故选C。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文围绕马拉松运动展开，讲述两位老人的体育成就，属于“体育”类内容。故选A。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） When he was a teenager, Hunter Adams was very unhappy and he spent many years in a special hospital for people with mental (精神的) health problems. When he left the hospital, Adams decided to become a doctor, so he went to a medical school in Virginia, the USA．But when he was there, he did things in a different way. For example, he didn’t like the doctors’ white coats, so he wore shirts with flowers on them when he visited his patients and he tried to make them laugh. The doctors at the medical school didn’t like Adams because he was too different. But Adams believed that people in hospital need more than medicine. He saw unhappy and lonely people, and he tried to help them. He spent a lot of time with children in hospital and often dressed up like a clown to make the children laugh. When he finished medical school and became a doctor, Adams opened his own hospital, called “The Gesundheit Institute”, together with some other doctors. They wanted it to be a place with a different way of working with sick people. Hunter Adams became famous during the 1980s, and in 1998, Universal Pictures made a film about his life. It was very successful. In the film (called Patch Adams), Robin Williams played Adams. Williams said, “Adams is a really warm person, who believes that patients need a doctor who is a friend. I enjoyed playing him.” 1．When did Adams have mental health problems? A．After he left medical school. B．During the 1980s. C．When he was a teenage boy. D．After the film came out. 2．Why did the doctors at the medical school dislike Adams? A．Because he was a warm person. B．Because he had mental health problems. C．Because he was a clown. D．Because he wasn’t the same as others. 3．The Gesundheit Institute ________. A．was a hospital B．belonged to Universal Pictures C．could make films D．was a medical school 4．The passage mainly tells us about ________. A．how to cheer up patients B．people with mental health problems C．a film about Adams D．a doctor named Hunter Adams 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文讲述了Hunter Adams这位医生的独特行医理念和人生经历。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“When he was a teenager, Hunter Adams was very unhappy and he spent many years in a special hospital for people with mental health problems.”可知，Adams的精神健康问题出现在青少年时期。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“The doctors at the medical school didn’t like Adams because he was too different.”可知，医学院的医生不喜欢Adams是因为他的行为方式与众不同。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Adams opened his own hospital, called ‘The Gesundheit Institute’”可知，Gesundheit Institute是一家医院。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。全文通过Adams的成长经历、行医理念和创办医院等事迹，主要介绍了这位名叫Hunter Adams的医生。故选D。 主题06 人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁盘锦·期中） On December 18th, 2023, a big earthquake (地震) hit Jishishan County in Gansu. Ding Xiaolong was asleep at home when the earthquake happened. It woke him up and he quickly ran out of his house. He felt lucky to be alive, but he was sorry for what happened to his friend’s family. After the earthquake. Ding got a phone call from the friend. He was working in another city then. The friend asked Ding to see if his family was OK. However, his house had fallen down. Ding asked over 20 people for help, but it was too late. All four members of his friend’s family had lost their lives. Ma Shijun, a student at Dahejia Middle School, ran out of the dormitory (宿舍) without shoes or a coat. Following the earthquake, teachers quickly asked students to go to the playground. “Seeing more and more rescue personnel (救援人员) arriving, I find myself less afraid,” Ma said. Members of the Blue Sky Rescue Team set up lots of tents. Some villagers provided hot water. Taxi drivers were busy carrying the injured (受伤的人) to hospitals. Medical teams were racing against time to help those in need. “Life is the most important,” said the head of a hospital. “There’s hope as long as people are alive.” 1．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．The outside noise. B．Ding’s parents’ shout. C．The earthquake. D．Ding’s friend’s call. 2．Why did Ding’s friend call him? A．To say sorry to him. B．To offer him a job. C．To show thanks to him. D．To ask him for help. 3．What do we know about Ma Shijun? A．He’s a primary school student. B．He ran out without shoes on. C．He didn’t feel afraid at all. D．He helped save some students. 4．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A．The earthquake caused many problems. B．People were trying their best to offer help. C．Lots of people lost homes during the earthquake. D．People had different opinions on the earthquake. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了甘肃积石山县的地震，很多人主动提供帮助，他们说只要活着就有希望。 1．词句猜测题。根据“Ding Xiaolong was asleep at home when the earthquake happened. It woke him up and he quickly ran out of his house.”可知，地震发生时，丁小龙正在家里睡觉，它把他吵醒了，他迅速跑出了他的房子，因此此处划线词“It”指的是前句提到的“地震”。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“After the earthquake. Ding got a phone call from the friend. He was working in another city then. The friend asked Ding to see if his family was OK.”可知，地震过后，小丁接到了朋友的电话，这位朋友让小丁帮忙去看看他的家人是否还好。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Ma Shijun, a student at Dahejia Middle School, ran out of the dormitory (宿舍) without shoes or a coat.”可知，马世军没有穿鞋子就跑出了宿舍。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Members of the Blue Sky Rescue Team … Some villagers … Taxi drivers were ... Medical teams …”可知，本段主要介绍了多个救援行动：蓝天救援队搭帐篷、村民提供热水、出租车司机运送伤者、医疗队争分夺秒地帮助需要的人，因此选项B“人们都在尽力提供帮助”符合本文段主旨。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁鞍山·期中） Many years ago, Felix Finkbeiner was just a fourth grader in Bavaria, Germany (德国). His geography teacher asked him to talk about climate (气候) change in class. Finkbeiner did some research and learned about Wangari Maathai from Kenya. She was the first African woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize for helping plant about 30 million trees in Africa. Finkbeiner decided to take action (采取行动) on climate change. He said to his class that they should plant a million trees in each country. Finkbeiner and his classmates began to plant trees at school. The local (当地的) newspaper wrote about the event, and his idea spread (传播) to other schools. “Planting a tree is easy, but bringing back a forest is hard,” Finkbeiner said. He wanted everyone in the world to help. So he started a group called Plant-for-the-Planet. The group teaches and encourages (鼓励) everyone to plant trees. Schools and young people play a key role in Plant-for-the-Planet’s success. The group now has over 100,000 members in 76 countries. They have helped plant millions of trees around the world. Finkbeiner is hopeful about the future. He believes that with everyone’s help, the earth can become much greener. 1．Felix Finkbeiner took action on climate change after reading the story of ________. A．his classmates B．his geography teacher C．a German scientist D．a woman form Africa 2．What did Finkbeiner tell his classmates to do? A．Study climate change in groups. B．Write news about school events. C．Plant trees in every country. D．Try to win a Nobel Peace Prize. 3．Why did Finkbeiner start the group Plant-for-the-Planet? A．To get more people to help plant trees. B．To help schools do research about forests. C．To encourage people to spend time in nature. D．To look for better ideas to help African people. 4．How did the writer show the success of Plant-for-the-Planet in Paragraph 3? A．By giving examples. B．By using numbers. C．By asking questions. D．By telling stories. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了德国四年级学生Felix Finkbeiner在了解到肯尼亚女性Wangari Maathai植树的事迹后，决定对气候变化采取行动，他号召同学们在每个国家种树。之后他成立了“为地球植树”组织，旨在让全世界的人参与植树。该组织取得了成功，成员遍布76个国家，超过10万人，帮助在世界各地种植了数百万棵树。 1．细节理解题。根据“Finkbeiner did some research and learned about Wangari Maathai from Kenya. She was the first African woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize for helping plant about 30 million trees in Africa. Finkbeiner decided to take action (采取行动) on climate change.”可知，Felix Finkbeiner在了解到一位来自非洲的女性Wangari Maathai的故事后，决定对气候变化采取行动，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“He said to his class that they should plant a million trees in each country.”可知，Finkbeiner告诉他的同学们要在每个国家种树，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“He wanted everyone in the world to help. So he started a group called Plant-for-the-Planet. The group teaches and encourages (鼓励) everyone to plant trees.”可知，Finkbeiner成立“为地球植树”组织是为了让更多人帮忙种树，故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“The group now has over 100,000 members in 76 countries. They have helped plant millions of trees around the world.”可知，作者通过列举组织的成员数量和种树数量这些数字来展示“为地球植树”组织的成功， 故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁辽阳·期中） Once upon a time, the colors of the world started to quarrel (争吵). Green said, “Clearly I am the most important. I am the life and hope. I am the color for grass, trees and leaves. Without me, all animals would die. I am the beginning of life.” Blue said, “You only think about the earth, but think about the sky and the sea. It is the water that is important to life. Without my peace (平静), you would all be nothing.” Yellow laughed and said, “You are all so serious. I bring laughter, fun and warmth into the world. The sun is yellow, the moon is yellow and the stars are yellow. Every time you look at a sunflower, the whole world starts to smile. Without me, there would be no fun.” Orange started next to said, “I am the color of health and strength (力气). When I fill the sky as the sun rises, my beauty is so surprising that no one gives another thought to any of you.” Red could no longer stand it, so he shouted out, “I am the ruler of all of you. I am the color of danger. I fight for the truth. I am also the color of love.” The colors went on the quarrel. Their quarrel became louder and louder. Suddenly there came a bright light. Rain started to pour down heavily. The colors were so scared that they hugged (拥抱) close to one another for comfort (安抚). The rain began to say, “You foolish colors, fighting among yourselves. Don’t you know that you were all special and different? Now, join hands with each other and come to me.” Doing as they were told, the colors joined hand in hand. They came into a colorful rainbow. From then on, whenever a good rain washes the world, a rainbow appears in the sky, letting us remember to admire (仰慕) one another. 1．How many kinds of colors are mentioned in this passage? A．4. B．5. C．6. D．7. 2．Tom is sad, you may write down something on the ________ paper to make him happy. A．red B．orange C．yellow D．blue 3．According to rain, the colors should ________ each other. A．look up to B．laugh at C．fight with D．quarrel with 4．According to the passage, which one is RIGHT? A．Green is a symbol of summer. B．You should give your mother an orange flower to show your love. C．If your favorite color is red, it may mean you are happy and strong. D．We should paint the classroom blue to make a quiet place for students to study. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了世界上的颜色因争论“谁更重要”而争吵，最终在雨水的教导下明白“每种颜色都独特”，并携手组成彩虹；故事旨在告诉人们：每个人都有独特价值，应彼此欣赏、团结协作。 1．细节理解题。文中依次提到了Green、Blue、Yellow、Orange、Red，共5种颜色。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段“Yellow | I bring laughter, fun and warmth into the world.”可知，黄色带来欢笑、乐趣和温暖；因此，汤姆心情低落，可以把一些开心的事情写在那张黄色纸上，让他高兴起来。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第九段“Don’t you know that you were all special and different? Now, join hands with each other and come to me.”和最后一段“letting us remember to admire one another”可知，雨水告诉它们，它们都很特别，应携手合作，团结与彼此欣赏。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据第三段“Without my peace, you would all be nothing.”可知，蓝色象征着平静；因此，我们应该把教室漆成蓝色，以便为学生们营造一个安静的学习环境。故选D。 主题01 人与自我——个人情况与个人兴趣 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁盘锦·期中） My name is Lisa. I’m a middle school student. I have been studying at school for more than two years. In a few months, I will take a very important test. If I pass the test with good grades, I can become a student of the 10th grade and choose a good high school in Shenyang to study. That means I may go to a good university in three years. Now I’m trying my best to make it come true. At the same time, I am the monitor (班长) in my class, which means I need to do lots of things for my class. I must spend more time on my schoolwork, so I don’t have enough time to serve the students in my class. Slowly I became slacked off (懈怠). Also, my grades dropped and I couldn’t serve the class well. Days ago, my head teacher told me that she was not satisfied with my poor performance as a class monitor. I am not happy. What should I do now? I don’t want to go to my parents for advice, because they will get worried about me. Can you tell me how to deal with it? 1．Which grade may Lisa be in now? A．Grade Seven. B．Grade Eight. C．Grade Nine. D．Grade Ten. 2．What is Lisa’s dream? A．To get into a good university. B．To serve the class better. C．To get on well with her parents. D．To be a good teacher. 3．How may Lisa feel now? A．Sad. B．Worried. C．Glad. D．Surprised. 4．Why does Lisa write the text? A．To show her dream. B．To tell her happy school life. C．To ask for help. D．To talk about her head teacher. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是丽萨的自我介绍，讲述了她现阶段遇到的问题。 1．细节理解题。根据“If I pass the test with good grades, I can become a student of the 10th grade and choose a good high school in Shenyang to study.”可知，通过考试后，丽萨会升入10年级，因此她现在是9年级。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“That means I may go to a good university in three years. Now I’m trying my best to make it come true”可知，丽萨的梦想是进入一所好大学。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“I am not happy.”和“Can you tell me how to deal with it?”可知，丽萨现在不开心，对现阶段的情况感到担忧。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Can you tell me how to deal with it?”可知，丽萨是在寻求帮助。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） I’ll always remember the first time I tried ballet. My mother was a dancer and I wanted to be like her, but after making many mistakes during my first class, I felt like I wanted to give up right away. However, because it was only my first day, I told my mom I couldn’t wait to dance again. Several weeks passed and my dancing didn’t get any better. Then my dance teacher told us that we were going to perform in a show. I was afraid of falling on my face in front of hundreds of people and made my mom sad. I practiced hard for the show, but I still didn’t get the hang of it. Finally, I went to my mom to tell her how I felt. She just laughed and told me she would teach me all she knew about ballet. My mom quickly found out how bad at ballet I was, but she still taught me with the greatest patience, love and understanding. When I jumped and fell, she was there to catch me. When I lost my balance, she held me up. By the time the show arrived, I was as prepared as I could be. The music began and my heart started to beat quickly. Breathing calmly, I began moving to the music without missing a step. When the music stopped, I ran off the stage and laughed with excitement. My mom found me and gave me a huge hug, telling me how proud she was. I looked my mom in the eye and told her that there was no way this could have happened without her. Through this, I knew one important fact: My mom will always be there to catch me if I fall. 1．What happened to the writer on her first day of trying ballet? A．She fell down and hurt herself. B．She made no mistakes while dancing. C．She realized she was good at ballet. D．She lied to her mom about liking ballet. 2．What does the underlined phrase “get the hang of it” mean? A．do well in B．lose interest in C．have difficulty with D．catch up with 3．How did the writer’s feelings change after the teacher told they were going to perform in a show? A．Afraid—prepared—nervous—excited. B．Excited—afraid—prepared—proud. C．Afraid—surprised—excited—proud. D．Excited—prepared—nervous—surprised. 4．The best title of the passage is “________”. A．Always there if you fall down B．Practice makes perfect C．My first day with ballet D．Never give up 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者初次尝试芭蕾舞时遇到挫折，在母亲的鼓励和帮助下最终克服困难并成功演出的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据文章“...after making many mistakes during my first class, I felt like I wanted to give up right away. However...I told my mom I couldn’t wait to dance again”可知，作者第一天因犯错想放弃，却对母亲撒谎说期待下次跳舞。故选D。 2．词义猜测题。根据文章“I practiced hard for the show, but I still didn’t get the hang of it”和“...she still taught me with the greatest patience, love and understanding.”可知，仍需要母亲耐心教导，说明作者在努力练习后依然不能掌握舞蹈的要领，“get the hang of”意为“掌握，做得好”。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Then my dance teacher told us that we were going to perform in a show. I was afraid...”，第三段“By the time the show arrived, I was as prepared as I could be.”和第四段“The music began and my heart started to beat quickly...When the music stopped, I ran off the stage and laughed with excitement.”可知，在得知要在一个节目中表演后作者先是感到很害怕，接着在演出到来之前，作者做好了准备，然后在音乐响起前感到紧张，最后下舞台后兴奋地笑出来，情感变化为：害怕→准备充分→紧张→兴奋。故选A。 4．最佳标题题。根据文章结尾“My mom will always be there to catch me if I fall”可知，母亲的支持是核心主题。标题应突出“跌倒时总有人守护”。故选A。 主题02 人与自我——家人、朋友与周围的人 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁丹东·期中） Sometimes you meet a common person doing something special. On a recent trip, I met Normand Gallant. Normand is someone you could pass on the street and never notice, but he is a very special person who is worth paying attention to. Normand lives in the countryside far from the nearest city and the nearest big hospital, so when his wife had cancer (癌症) several years ago. Normand had to drive four hours to the place where she could be treated (治疗). That meant they needed more money for meals, hotels and so on, but in the end the cancer took his wife away. Normand was sad because of his wife’s passing. He realized that other people were facing the same kinds of difficulties. He decided to do something for them. What he did was to throw parties. He holds a party every three weeks on Saturday evenings at home. Neighbors, friends and relatives come and bring snacks and drinks. They sing and dance. At the party, Normand tells about a family that is having difficulties in supporting a cancer patient. Then a box is passed around and the money is collected for that family. The people at the party have a good time. The family understands that someone helps them a lot. It seems like such a simple thing but it really works. Normand’s impetus (动力) to help other cancer patients was born out of his sadness, but for the people who have received the money, it is an act of love. Normand’s personal action has resulted in an act of kindness that honors the memory of the wife he has lost. Wouldn’t it be nice if we had more people in the world like Normand Gallant? I’m glad I met Normand Gallant. He makes the world a better place. 1．Which is the correct order of the events? a. Normand lost his wife.        b. Normand noticed others’ difficulties. c. Normand drove long for his wife’s treatment.    d. Normand started to help the families in need. A．c→a→b→d B．d→b→a→c C．a→b→d→c D．b→a→d→c 2．Why does Normand tell stories about cancer-fighting families at his parties? A．To share his sad experiences. B．To raise money for these families. C．To make neighbors help her wife. D．To get snacks and drinks from friends. 3．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 5? A．Sharing stories. B．Treating his wife. C．Receiving money. D．Throwing parties. 4．What’s the writer’s purpose in writing the text? A．To tell us a story about Normand Gallant. B．To teach us to be thankful to the people around. C．To encourage more people to help those in trouble. D．To ask more people to raise money for those in need. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Normand Gallant在妻子因癌症去世后，通过举办派对为其他癌症患者家庭筹集资金的故事，展现了他的善良与爱心。 1．细节理解题。根据“Normand had to drive four hours to the place where she could be treated (治疗).”，“in the end the cancer took his wife away”，“He realized that other people were facing the same kinds of difficulties.”和“He decided to do something for them.”可知，事件顺序为c→a→b→d。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“At the party, Normand tells about a family...Then a box is passed around and the money is collected for that family.”可知，Normand讲述抗癌家庭的故事的目的是为这个家庭筹集资金。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“It seems like such a simple thing but it really works”及上文描述的“举办派对筹款”行为可知，“it”指代“throwing parties”。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Wouldn’t it be nice if we had more people in the world like Normand Gallant?”可知，作者旨在鼓励更多人帮助困境中的人。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁抚顺·期中） When I was young, I often rode my bike around my neighborhood. I was very happy. I got a bike from my cousin when I was 9. It was red. It had a bell (铃) and I could ring the bell as I rode around. My next-door neighbor was a girl and she had a pink bike. We rode our bikes together every Saturday and Sunday. It was really exciting. We lived on a street with very few buses or cars, so it was safe for us to ride across the street. It was great fun. One day, I jumped on my bike and went to the movies. But when I walked out of the cinema, I couldn’t find it. Someone had stolen (偷) my bike. I cried all the way home. My parents dropped letters in the neighbors’ mailboxes to ask for help. A couple of days later, a woman came to my house with a blue bike. She said the bike was too small for her son and he was happy to give his bike to me. I couldn’t take my eyes away from the bike. It looked so nice! I even forgot to say thanks before I rode on it. 1．The writer got a ________ bike at the age of 9. A．red B．blue C．pink D．yellow 2．On the day he lost his bike, the writer ________. A．played on the street B．went to the cinema C．went to his cousin’s house D．played with his neighbor 3．Why did the writer’s parents write letters to their neighbors? A．To say sorry. B．To say thanks. C．To offer advice. D．To ask for help. 4．How did the writer probably feel at the end of the passage? A．Sad. B．Bored. C．Excited. D．Angry. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者小的时候丢了一辆自行车，后来邻居又送给作者一辆自行车的经历。 1．细节理解题。根据“I got a bike from my cousin when I was 9. It was red.”可知，自行车是红色的。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“One day, I jumped on my bike and went to the movies. But when I walked out of the cinema, I couldn’t find it. Someone had stolen (偷) my bike.”可知，作者是去看完电影后发现自行车丢了。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“My parents dropped letters in the neighbors’ mailboxes to ask for help.”可知，写信是为了寻求帮助。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“I couldn’t take my eyes away from the bike. It looked so nice! I even forgot to say thanks before I rode on it.”可知，作者又重新得到一辆自行车，所以应是感到激动的。故选C。 Passage 3 （23-24八年级下·辽宁阜新·期中） During the summer holiday, some students might have been busy with traveling, summer camps and all kinds of lessons, but a special group of Chinese middle school students decided to taste the hardship (艰难) of life outside school. Twelve students in a big city sold vegetables at a local market together. In 12 days, they made more than 1,500 yuan. Among them, the oldest is 21 years old, while the youngest is just 10. They are all cousins in a big family and eight of them are from countryside. “Compared to traveling, such social practice makes us learn how hard our parents are,” said Dalin, 18, to the City Morning Newspaper. Dalin, a high school student, and her 12-year-old brother Xiaolin had the idea about selling vegetables. They learned to work hard to sell their vegetables. Every morning they had to wake up at 3 o’clock. Some of them went to the farmer’s market to buy vegetables. Some of them went to the local market to take up a temporary stall (临时摊位). To lower the cost, they learned to bargain (讲价) with the sellers. At about 16:30, they began to sell vegetables. They peddled (吆喝) loudly to attract (吸引) customers. After several days, they got some experience, too. For example, it was better to put vegetables in order and bigger ones on top. When the vegetables are too heavy, they should give customers more plastic bags (塑料袋). When they finally finished and went home, they had a small meeting. Everyone took notes and shared their feelings. “We are tired,” said Dalin, “but we received a lot.” 1．The writer thought the 12 students’ action was ________. A．encouraging B．common C．boring D．difficult 2．The cousins decided to sell vegetables at a market to ________. A．show how able they were B．prepare for their future traveling C．learn how hard their parents’ work D．have less hardship (艰难) of life 3．They bargained with the sellers to ________. A．cut down the cost B．share their feelings C．get bigger vegetables D．have more customers 4．It’s clear that ________. A．they took up the temporary stall together B．the elder sold vegetables when the younger took notes C．Dalin and Xiaolin got the idea of selling vegetables D．they gave each customer more plastic bags 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文讲述了12个表兄弟暑假期间一起卖菜的故事，他们从中学到了很多东西。 1．推理判断题。根据“but we received a lot”可知，这12个孩子通过卖菜学到了很多，因此作者认为他们的行为是鼓舞人心的，故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“a special group of Chinese middle school students decided to taste the hardship (艰难) of life outside school.”以及“Compared to traveling, such social practice makes us learn how hard our parents are”可知，这些表兄弟决定在市场上卖菜是为了了解他们的父母工作得多么辛苦，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“To lower the cost, they learned to bargain(讲价) with the sellers.”可知，他们通过和卖家讨价还价，是为了降低成本，故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Dalin, a high school student, and her 12-year old brother Xiaolin had the idea about selling vegetables.”可知大林和小林想出了卖菜的想法。故选C。 Passage 4 （23-24八年级下·辽宁葫芦岛·期中） The Spring Festival was coming. Li Mei’s parents told her a nice tradition—cleaning the house before the Spring Festival. They believed that sweeping away the old things and making everything clean and tidy would bring good luck and happiness to their family. Li Mei wanted to help and make her parents happy. So, she decided to start by cleaning her own room. On a sunny winter morning, Li Mei started to work. She made her bed first, and then she folded her clothes that were too small for her. She wanted to give them to people in need. She also found a small beautiful cheongsam (旗袍). Li Mei used to wear it for the Spring Festival, and she hoped it would bring joy to someone else. After that, she organized her books and cleaned the bookcases. She found many special things. Old pictures reminded her of happy times, like birthday celebrations and interesting trips. Cards and letters from her friends made her miss them so much. When Li Mei’s parents came home, they were happy. Her mom said she was helpful to them. Together, they cleaned the rest of the house. On the night before the Spring Festival, Li Mei’s family had an enjoyable dinner. Li Mei felt the happiness and good luck around them. 1．Why did Li Mei decide to clean her room? A．Her room was too dirty. B．Her parents told her to do it. C．She planned to make a difference in her life. D．She thought her parents would be happy if she helped to do the chores. 2．The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refers to (指的是) ________. A．her clothes B．her friends C．cards and letters D．old pictures 3．Which of the following words can we use to describe Li Mei? A．Lucky B．Talented C．Helpful D．Strict 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．A nice tradition of the Spring Festival. B．The meanıng of hard work. C．Enjoying a happy family time. D．Spending the Spring Festival. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了李梅的父母告诉她春节的一个好传统——春节前打扫房子，为了让父母高兴，她决定从打扫自己的房间开始。 1．细节理解题。根据“Li Mei wanted to help and make her parents happy. So, she decided to start by cleaning her own room.”可知她想帮忙，让父母开心。故选D。 2．词义猜测题。根据“Cards and letters from her friends made her miss them so much.”可知朋友们寄来的卡片和信件让她非常想念他们，故此处them指代“她的朋友”。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Her mom said she was helpful to them.”可知李梅是乐于助人的。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了李梅的父母告诉她春节的一个好传统——春节前打扫房子，为了让父母高兴，她决定从打扫自己的房间开始，以选项A“春节的一个好传统”为标题最合适。故选A。 主题03人与社会——人际关系与志愿者服务 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁大连·期中） Dom Pecora has loved bikes since he was a kid. But he doesn’t just ride them. He also fixes them! He learned how to repair bikes by watching videos online. By the time Dom was 10 years old, he had already broken and repaired his first bike many times. Then one day, a cool new mountain bike caught his eyes. He really wanted it, but it would cost $3,000! The boy asked his mom if she could buy him the bike. “No,” said his mom, “but I can help you raise the money.” That was an encouraging offer. An idea soon came to Dom, “Why don’t I make money by fixing bikes?” His mom helped him set up a webpage (网页) to spread the news about his services. It worked and Dom made enough money. He was able to bring home his dream bike and even had some extra (额外的) money left. The boy decided to make good use of it. He bought six new bikes and gave them to six kids as gifts, and after that, “I just continued to do it,” he said. Now Dom is 16 and runs his own bike shop in his hometown. He repairs and also sells bikes. In 2024, he gave away more than 150 bikes to people in need. Besides fixing bikes, Dom also teaches himself break dancing (霹雳舞), Rubik’s Cube (魔方) and the art of folding (折叠) paper. His mom says he is a happy, funny and kind kid. “He cares about others. He is creative and hardworking at the same time,” she said. 1．One day, _________ caught Dom’s eyes. A．a Rubik’s Cube B．a model car C．a mountain bike D．a toy truck 2．Dom made his idea happen by _________. A．setting up a web page B．fixing bikes to make money C．giving away bikes to people in need D．asking his mom to buy him the bike 3．Which of the following best describes Dom? A．Quiet and shy. B．Kind and creative. C．Brave and helpful. D．Honest and hardworking. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Dream Bikes for More. B．An encouraging offer. C．Extra Money for Bikes. D．An interesting hobby. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文讲述多姆从小热爱自行车，通过自学修车赚钱买下心仪的山地车后，还购买自行车赠予他人。16岁时经营自己的车店，并捐赠150多辆自行车给需要的人，展现了善良与创造力。 1．细节理解题。根据“Then one day, a cool new mountain bike caught his eyes.”可知，一天，一辆山地自行车吸引了多姆的目光，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“An idea soon came to Dom, ‘Why don’t I make money by fixing bikes?’ His mom helped him set up a webpage (网页) to spread the news about his services. It worked and Dom made enough money.”可知，多姆通过修理自行车赚钱实现了自己的想法，故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“His mom says he is a happy, funny and kind kid. ‘He cares about others. He is creative and hardworking at the same time,’ she said.”可知，多姆关心他人，有创造力且勤奋努力，结合选项，“善良且有创造力”适合描述他，故选B。 4．最佳标题题。本文讲述多姆从小热爱自行车，通过自学修车赚钱买下心仪的山地车后，还购买自行车赠予他人。16岁时经营自己的车店，并捐赠150多辆自行车给需要的人，展现了善良与创造力，选项A“为更多人实现梦想自行车”最能概括文章内容，故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） If you have no special plans for your holidays, why not spend your time helping others? Don’t listen to people who say that young people today often think only of themselves. It’s not true at all. More and more young people volunteer to spend their school holidays working for others. And they don’t do it for money. Here are some of their stories. Alice Hamilton, 17I’m going to help the Forest Center build new hiking paths (小道) in the mountains. It will take me the whole summer to live and work there. It will be a nice sport, and I will be able to do something good at the same time! Jason Moore, 18This summer, I’ll volunteer with Special House Program. They build good, low-cost houses and sell them to the poor. They’ll teach me what to do, so I am going to help people and also have a chance to learn how to build houses. Trish Anderson, 16I’m going to teach children who have trouble in reading. I’ll work for a program called Reading For Life. Every day, I’m going to read books that children like. I want to be a teacher, and I love children and reading, so this is going to be a great experience for me. 1．What will Alice probably do in summer? A．Go on a holiday. B．Read some books. C．Live in a small house. D．Work in the mountains. 2．What can we know about Jason Moore? A．He isn’t very rich. B．He is 18 years old. C．He likes sports very much. D．He is able to build houses. 3．Who would like to work as be a teacher? A．Alice Hamilton. B．Jason Moore. C．Trish Anderson. D．Forest Center. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．Working for Others B．Sharing Happiness C．Young Volunteers D．Special Holiday Plans 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了年轻人利用假期时间自愿帮助他人的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“I’m going to help the Forest Center build new hiking paths (小道) in the mountains. It will take me the whole summer to live and work there.”可知，Alice提到将帮助森林中心在山上修建徒步小路，并整个夏天都在那里生活和工作。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Jason Moore, 18”可知，Jason Moore是18岁。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Trish Anderson, 16 I want to be a teacher.”可知，Trish Anderson想成为老师。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了年轻人利用假期时间自愿帮助他人的故事，故“年轻志愿者们”符合本文标题。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁铁岭·期中） In the world, there are lots of people who want to help out. Many join organizations (管理) run by their governments, for example, the Peace Corps in the United States and Voluntary Service Overseas in Britain. Since the terrible earthquake took place in Wenchuan, more than 200 thousand volunteers across China have been helping there! They do all kinds of work or come up with ways to help improve life. Some offer their professional skills for free. Others have no qualifications (资历), but they love to work hard to help. One of the most famous volunteers in the world was Mother Teresa. She could be the best volunteer because she gave her life to helping the poorest people of Calcutta. She helped the homeless, cared for the sick, gave out food, and became the mother of those without families. Now more and more teenagers actively look for volunteering opportunities (机会), too. They volunteer because they think it will be fun or they will learn something. They also like the idea of being helpful to others, even if it is just handing out books for the teacher. As they get older, these reasons are still the same, but there are other important reasons for volunteering such as learning on-the-job, getting work experience, and improving their social life. All volunteers bring joy to the people they help in so many ways. They might read books to the blind, fix up broken homes, find ways to get water for villagers. Could you be a volunteer? What kind of volunteer work could you do? There is someone in the world who needs you. 1．The Peace Corps is ________ in the United States. A．a city B．an organization C．a volunteer D．a school 2．The underlined word “those” refers to ________. A．the homeless B．the sick C．the poor D．the kids 3．Which is NOT the reason for teenagers to be volunteers according to the passage? A．They want to make more friends. B．They want to be helpful. C．It helps them get work experience. D．It can improve their social life. 4．What is the main idea of this passage? A．Volunteers do all kinds of work. B．Mother Teresa was a great volunteer. C．The world needs volunteers. D．There are different ways of volunteering. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文通过分享各种事实，告诉我们这个世界需要志愿者，并分析了青少年愿意当志愿者的原因。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Many join organizations (管理) run by their governments, for example, the Peace Corps in the United States and Voluntary Service Overseas in Britain.”可知，和平队是美国的一个组织，故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“without families”可知，“those”指的是那些无家可归的人，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Now more and more teenagers actively look for volunteering opportunities (机会), too...As they get older, these reasons are still the same, but there are other important reasons for volunteering such as learning on-the-job, getting work experience, and improving their social life.”可知，青少年想当志愿者是因为他们想变得对别人有帮助，得到一些工作经验，并能提高社交际能，没有提到交更多的朋友。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。阅读全文并根据最后一段“What kind of volunteer work could you do?  There is someone in the world who needs you.”可知，本文主要表达了这个世界需要志愿者，故选C。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·辽宁朝阳·期中） John and Nick are best friends and they hang out together almost every day. However, about a month ago, they got into the biggest fight. It started on a Sunday when Nick went over to John’s house to play tennis. But John said he wanted to go to watch his elder brother’s football game instead. When Nick asked if he could go too, John said no. Nick felt hurt. He asked why he couldn’t go. John got angry and said, “I want to do something without you for a change!” On Monday at school, Nick was so angry that he left a note on John’s desk. John was really sad after reading the note. What’s going on? Even the best friendship has problems. This is what happened between John and Nick. It doesn’t mean that there is anything wrong with the friendship. It just means that the two friends should not spend every minute together. Ways to stop the fight: John could: ★Apologize for the tone (语气) he used when he said he wanted to do something without Nick. ★Explain that sometimes he needs to stay alone. ★Promise to be nicer to Nick in the future. Nick could: ★Say sorry for leaving the note and explain that it was a bad way to solve the problem. Way to avoid (避免) the fight: Open communication. There was a better way for John to let Nick know that he needed his own space. 1．What did John plan to do that Sunday? A．Write a note to Nick. B．Play tennis with Nick. C．Watch a football game. D．Play football with his brother. 2．Which might be the words on Nick’s note? A．Friends are like books. B．Neither of us is wrong. C．We are not friends anymore. D．I’m sorry for not playing with you. 3．What does the underlined word “Apologize” mean? A．Say sorry. B．Say no. C．Say thanks. D．Say goodbye. 4．Which can be a better way for John to stop the fight? A．Promise Nick to play football together. B．Explain that he shouldn’t leave the note. C．Promise Nick to hang out together next time. D．Explain that sometimes he needs his own space. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了好朋友约翰和尼克之间发生的矛盾，并给出积极的建议。 1．细节理解题。根据“It started on a Sunday when Nick went over to John’s house to play tennis. But John said he wanted to go to watch his elder brother’s football game instead.”可知，约翰那个周日打算去看足球赛。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“John was really sad after reading the note.”可知，约翰看完纸条后真的很伤心，因此推测纸条上写着“我们不再是朋友了”。故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据“Apologize for the tone (语气) he used when he said he wanted to do something without Nick.”可知，后文提到了没有考虑到尼克，因此判断划线词是“道歉”。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Ways to stop the fight:”中提到的“Explain that sometimes he needs to stay alone.”可知，约翰可以向他解释有时候他需要自己的空间。故选D。 主题04 人与社会——文学、艺术、历史 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁葫芦岛·期中） Tom and Peter lived in the same village. They made a living by selling horses. One day, Tom said that his horses ran faster than Peter’s although Peter’s horses looked more beautiful. Hearing this, Peter was very angry. He asked Tom to prove (证实) this in a race. Tom agreed without a second thought. On the day of the race, many villagers came to watch. Tom brought his tallest and strongest horse. But Peter came with a thin horse. And the horse looked very hungry. It seemed that the horse didn’t eat anything for days. A few minutes before the race started, Peter jumped on his horse. He had a long stick with a bundle of grass (一捆草) at one end. When the race began, he kept the stick in front of his horse. The horse wanted to eat the grass, so it ran very fast. But no matter (无论) how fast it ran, it still couldn’t reach the grass. It ran faster and faster. Soon Peter’s horse was a few miles in front of Tom’s. Finally, Peter’s horse crossed the finish line first and won the race. After winning the race, Peter fed his horse some fresh grass, and it was very happy to eat the grass. A villager asked Peter what made him successful. Peter said, “Like the horse, one must be hungry for success. Only then will he work hard and succeed.” 1．We can know _________ of the race from Paragraph 1. A．the reason B．the result C．the date D．the place 2．Peter took a _________ horse to the race. A．tall and strong B．thin and hungry C．short and weak D．beautiful and healthy 3．How did Peter make his horse run faster in the race? A．He shouted to scare it. B．He gave it some delicious food. C．He hit it with a long stick. D．He showed the grass in front of it. 4．The writer shares the story to tell us _________. A．races can make people successful B．horses need fresh grass to run faster C．people must be thirsty for success D．villagers must be hungry while working 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文通过赛马的故事告诉我们：只有先对成功充满了渴望，我们才能成功。 1．细节理解题。根据“One day, Tom said that his horses ran faster than Peter’s although Peter’s horses looked more beautiful. Hearing this, Peter was very angry. He asked Tom to prove (证实) this in a race.”可知，从第一段我们可以知道比赛的原因。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“But Peter came with a thin horse. And the horse looked very hungry. It seemed that the horse didn’t eat anything for days.”可知，彼得牵着一匹又瘦又饿的马去比赛。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“A few minutes before the race started, Peter jumped on his horse, He had a long stick with a bundle of grass (一捆草) at one end. When the race began, he kept the stick in front of his horse. The horse wanted to eat the grass, so it ran very fast. But no matter (无论) how fast it ran, it still couldn’t reach the grass.”可知，在比赛中，彼得通过在马的面前放了一捆草让他的马跑得更快。 故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Peter said, ‘Like the horse, one must be hungry for success. Only then will he work hard and succeed.’”可知，作者分享这个故事是为了告诉我们人们一定渴望成功。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁营口·期中） A little stream (小溪) ran down from a high mountain through many villages and forests. Then she reached a desert. “I went through so many difficulties. I should have no problem crossing the desert,” she thought. As she started, she found herself slowly disappearing into the sand. After many tries, she still failed. “Maybe I can’t reach the ocean,” she said sadly to herself. At this time, a deep voice said, “If a breeze (微风) can cross the desert, so can a river.” It was the voice of the desert. But the little stream answered, “That’s because a breeze can fly, but I cannot.” “That’s because you can’t give up what you are. Let yourself evaporate (蒸发) into the breeze, and it can take you across,” said the desert. “Give up what I am now? No! No!” The little stream could not accept this idea. “The breeze can carry the vapor (蒸汽) across the desert and let it leave as rain. The rain will form a river again,” said the desert. “And whether you’re a river or vapor, your nature never changes.” Hearing this, the little stream went into the open arms of the breeze. It carried her to the next stage of her life. The course of our lives is like the experience of the little stream. If you want to go through difficulties in your life to head for success, you should also change the way you are. 1．Which place did the little stream want to reach finally? A．The forest. B．The ocean. C．The desert. D．The river. 2．The little stream ________ after failed many times. A．didn’t meet much difficulty B．was worried about herself C．was confident about herself D．knew well about the desert 3．The little stream finally crossed the desert by ________. A．evaporating into the breeze B．forming a river C．disappearing into the sand D．changing her nature 4．What does the story mainly tell us? A．The road to success is always easy and smooth. B．Whatever others say, we should always be ourselves. C．To succeed, we should change the way we are if necessary. D．We may experience difficulty in life just like the little stream. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，为一则寓言故事。主要讲了小溪如何跨越沙漠的故事。告诉我们在生活中如果要克服困难走向成功，就应该改变你自己。 1．细节理解题。根据“‘Maybe I can’t reach the ocean,’ she said sadly to herself.”可知，小溪最终想要到达的地方是海洋。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“After many tries, she still failed. ‘Maybe I can’t reach the ocean,’ she said sadly to herself.”可知，在多次尝试失败后，小溪开始担心自己无法到达海洋。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Hearing this, the little stream went into the open arms of the breeze.”及“Let yourself evaporate (蒸发) into the breeze, and it can take you across”可知，小溪最终通过蒸发到微风中穿越了沙漠。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“If you want to go through difficulties in your life to head for success, you should also change the way you are.”可知，故事主要告诉我们：为了成功，必要时应改变自己的方式。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中）                                                                                                 Four Alien Visitors on Earth 1. Zeta the ExplorerZeta comes from Mars and is a scientist. He is studying the Earth’s weather systems. Zeta finds the Earth’s ever-changing weather surprising. “On Mars,” he notes, “the temperature is almost the same every day. But the Earth has sunny days, rainy days, and even snow!” 2. Luma the StudentLuma from Venus is an exchange student at a Beijing Middle School. What surprises her most is how much knowledge Earth students must memorize. “On Venus,” she tells classmates, “we download knowledge directly to our brains. But your handicraft classes are truly fun!” 3. Taro the ChefTaro, a chef from Jupiter, is learning to cook Chinese food. “Dumplings are amazing!” Taro shouts. “We make our food into pills, but your dumplings are both beautiful and delicious.” 4. Nova the GardenerNova from Saturn is a plant expert. She researches how to grow more trees in Earth’s cities. “Your parks are beautiful,” Nova says. “But on Saturn, we can grow floating gardens in the air!” 1．According to Zeta, why is the Earth’s weather special? ________ A．Because it never changes. B．Because it’s always very hot. C．Because it’s exactly like Mars’ weather. D．Because it has different types of weather. 2．What can we infer about the Earth’s education from Luma’s comments (评论)? A．It’s too easy for aliens. B．It requires memorization. C．It should use more technology. D．It’s more enjoyable than Venusian education. 3．What does “floating gardens” refer to in the text? A．Air-grown plants. B．Underwater farms. C．Parks with fountains. D．Space stations with food. 4．Where is the text most likely taken from? A．A science fiction novel (科幻小说). B．A government science report. C．A space travel advertisement. D．An educational magazine for teenagers. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了四位外星访客在地球上的不同见闻和感受。 1．细节理解题。根据“But the Earth has sunny days, rainy days, and even snow!”可知，地球天气有不同类型。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“What surprises her most is how much knowledge Earth students must memorize.”可知，地球教育需要记忆知识。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“But on Saturn, we can grow floating gardens in the air!”可知，“floating gardens”指空中种植的植物。故选A。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述外星访客在地球的故事，具有科幻色彩，最可能出自科幻小说。故选A。 主题05 人与社会——著名人物 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁鞍山·期中） In 1640, a man was seriously ill. He had to end the last trip of his life. Back home, people asked him, “You spent your whole life on the road. Do you regret (遗憾) it?” “I walked through many fantastic (了不起的) places in China,” he replied. “People say I’m as great as Zhang Qian and Xuanzang. So I have no regrets at all.” This man was Xu Xiake, the greatest traveler in Chinese history. From an early age, Xu dreamed of visiting China’s seas and mountains. But at the time, it was very difficult to travel far. This didn’t stop him, however. At 22, he set out (出发) on his life’s journey. He travelled for about 30 years, and achieved (实现) his dream. Xu made many geographical discoveries (发现) during his journey. Once, he visited Mount Huang. People then thought Tiandu Peak (峰) was higher than Lianhua Peak. To find out the truth, Xu climbed both peaks. He discovered that lianhua peak gave a wider view (视野), so it must be higher. He was right. Xu recorded (记录) many travel experiences in his diary. This later became Xu Xiake’s Travel Notes. Thanks to this book, we can learn about China almost 400 years ago. “Exploring (探索) the unexplored” is the best description of Xu’s life. 1．When did Xu Xiake end his last trip of his life? A．When he was 43 years old. B．After he traveled about 20 years. C．A year before he died. D．Before he found he was seriously ill. 2．What can we learn from Xu’s words in Paragraph 2? A．He was satisfied with his life as a traveler. B．He was sad because he couldn’t travel anymore. C．He wanted to travel to more fantastic places in China. D．He thought he was the greatest traveler in Chinese history. 3．The writer wants to tell us ________ through the example in Paragraph 4. A．Xu had great interest in comparing peaks. B．Xu enjoyed climbing mountains very much. C．Xu always thought others’ ideas were wrong. D．Xu took his geographical discoveries seriously. 4．What can be the best title of this passage? A．A higher peak—Lianhua Peak B．A great dream—travel around the world C．Exploring the unexplored—a great traveler D．Xu Xiake’s Travel Notes—a fantastic diary 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述中国历史上最伟大的旅行家徐霞客的生平事迹，包括他的旅行梦想、地理发现和著作《徐霞客游记》。 1．细节理解题。根据“In 1640, a man was seriously ill. He had to end the last trip of his life.”以及图片中的年代(1587-1641)可知，他在去世前一年结束旅行。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“So I have no regrets at all.”及被比作张骞、玄奘的成就描述，说明他对旅行者生涯感到满足。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“To find out the truth, Xu climbed both peaks. He discovered that lianhua peak gave a wider view (视野), so it must be higher. He was right.”可推知，他严谨对待地理发现。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，全文核心是徐霞客探索未知的精神，C项符合。故选C。 Passage 2 （23-24八年级下·辽宁锦州·期中） Zu Chongzhi was one of the greatest mathematicians in ancient China. He was born during the Northern and Southern Dynasties. From a young age, Zu was taught natural science, astronomy (天文学), math and so on. The little boy was interested in all of these subjects, especially in math. Zu was best known for his calculation (计算) of pi (π). According to historical records, he did all the work using nothing but wooden sticks. It took him lots of time to work out the value—between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927. No one at that time was able to work it out more correctly than Zu. And now the achievement is still praised by people around the world. In order to remember Zu, some mathematicians suggest calling pi “Zu Lv”. Zu was successful not only in math. He did a good job in astronomy, too. He worked out that a year should be 365.24281481 days long and created the Daming Calendar. However, government officials at that time did not agree with Zu. The great mathematician never saw his calendar put into use. After his death, his son Zu Gengzhi kept on using facts to show that the Daming Calendar was more correct. Almost ten years after his death, the new calendar was finally accepted. Zu was also an inventor. He once made a vehicle that carried a pointer. No matter how the vehicle turned, the pointer always pointed to the south. Zu also invented the 1,000-li Boat. The boat could travel about 100 li (50 kilometers) in a day. 1．Zu Chongzhi was most probably interested in ________ when he was young? A．Astronomy. B．Math. C．Natural science. D．Art. 2．What was Zu best famous for? A．Working out the value of pi. B．Daming Calendar. C．The invention of the 1,000-li Boat. D．A vehicle that carried a pointer. 3．What’s the main purpose of the text? A．To introduce the achievements in ancient China. B．To tell the stories about Zu Chongzhi and his son. C．To tell us about Zu Chongzhi’s great achievements. D．To tell us how Zu Chongzhi worked out the value of π. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国最伟大的数学家之一——祖冲之和他的成就。 1．细节理解题。根据“The little boy was interested in all of these subjects, especially in math.”可知，祖冲之幼时对数学特别感兴趣。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Zu was best known for his calculation of pi (π).”可知，祖冲之最出名的是圆周率的计算。故选A。 3．主旨大意题。根据“u Chongzhi was one of the greatest mathematicians in ancient China.”“Zu was best known for his calculation of pi (π).”“Zu was successful not only in math.”和“Zu was also an inventor.”可知，本文主要介绍了祖冲之的成就。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。文章首段先是介绍了祖冲之的基本信息；第二、三、四段分别介绍了祖冲之在数学、天文学和发明方面的成就。故选A。 主题06 人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） “Please don’t kill me.” This is what a girl said recently when she was hurt by a sea lion in California, US. Usually considered a friendly animal, many believe the sea lion went crazy because of algae (海藻). There is a toxin (毒素) in a harmful algae. According to the US National Marine Fisheries Service (NOAA Fisheries), more than 100 calls are made every day reporting sea lions and dolphins influenced by this toxin. John Warner, CEO of the Marine Mammal Care Center in Los Angeles, told the BBC that these animals don’t really attack people. “These animals do that because they are sick,” he said. For example, when sea lions are affected by the toxin, they often appear very tired and confused (混乱的). They might even get angry, reported The Guardian. The harmful algae grows fast when deep ocean water moves up to the surface. This brings nutrients (营养) that help the algae grow. Fish eat the algae and get the toxin, and when dolphins and sea lions eat those fish, they get sick. However, according to NOAA Fisheries, the harmful algae showed up earlier than usual .The outbreaks (爆发) also happen more often and are harder to see coming. This is because of climate change, noted The Guardian. Warmer weather and changing ocean conditions make it easier for the algae to grow. Moreover, some scientists also think wildfires in Los Angeles might play a role. Large wildfires have caused the ocean near the beach to have more nutrients. 1．Why does the text begin with the girl’s story? A．To raise the topic. B．To give us a lesson. C．To report the news. D．To make us afraid. 2．According to Paragraph 3, the sea lions attack people because of ________. A．loneliness B．sadness C．illness D．tiredness 3．How do dolphins and sea lions get the toxin according to Paragraph 4? A．By hurting the girl. B．By eating toxic fish. C．By touching algae. D．By drinking toxic water. 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The effect of warmer weather. B．The harm of the algae outbreaks. C．The results of large wildfires. D．The reasons for the algae outbreaks. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了美国加州海狮因食用含有毒素的海藻而攻击人类的现象，并分析了藻类爆发的原因及其与气候变化的关系。 1．推理判断题。根据文章开头“Please don’t kill me.” This is what a girl said recently when she was hurt by a sea lion in California, US.可知，作者通过这一故事引入话题，吸引读者注意。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第3段John Warner的话“These animals do that because they are sick”以及后文提到的毒素影响（appear very tired and confused）可知，海狮攻击人类是因为疾病。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第4段“Fish eat the algae and get the toxin, and when dolphins and sea lions eat those fish, they get sick.”可知，海豚和海狮通过食用有毒鱼类摄入毒素。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“This is because of climate change… Warmer weather and changing ocean conditions make it easier for the algae to grow.”以及后文提到的野火影响，可知本段主要分析藻类爆发的原因。故选D。 Passage 2 （23-24八年级下·辽宁营口·期中） Jane Goodall is a famous scientist. For more than 40 years, Goodall had lived mostly in Tanzania in East Africa, studying chimpanzees (黑猩猩). As a young child, Jane Goodall was interested in animals. She grew up in the English countryside and was always climbing trees or riding horses. When Jane was 23, she got a chance to go to Africa. Even though she had never been to college, she got a job with a famous scientist named Louis Leakey. One day Louis Leakey said he needed a volunteer. He needed someone to go to a lake in Tanzania to study a kind of chimpanzees. Jane was excited. On July 16th, 1960, she began her exploration (探索). At first, the chimpanzees ran away from Jane. But with time passing, they got used to her being around. Every day, Jane would fo$ 专题02 阅读理解之记叙文 主题01 人与自我——个人情况与个人兴趣 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁鞍山·期中） When I was a kid, I often played basketball, So I was thin but healthy. When I was about 15, I stopped playing basketball. I also started to drink a lot of drinks high in sugar and eat much more than before. Between 15 and 17, I put on a lot of weight (重量)—about 50kg. I didn’t know how big I was until I saw a photo one day. In the photo, I had a fat neck and my stomach was out here. I hated the way I looked. I knew I needed to lose some weight. I started to drink only water, and eat less and healthier. I ate mainly vegetables and only one piece of meat every day, and stayed away from sugar. I also started to exercise. Every day. I ran for 30minutes first, and then I did some push-ups (俯卧撑) for 10 minutes. I also jumped rope for 15 minutes every day. I kept exercising the whole winter. When March came, many people said to me, “Oh, Dave, you’ve been a different person!” It was true. I had lost 25kg in three months. I liked taking photos, and I noticed the difference in my looks. I loved the three months. It felt good to lose weight, and it felt even better to set a goal (目标) and go for it. 1．Dave put on a lot of weight partly because he ________. A．took some medicine B．got too much pressure C．didn’t have enough sleep D．had unhealthy eating habits 2．Dave decided to lose weight when ________. A．he lost a basketball game B．his friends laughed at him C．he saw a photo of himself D．the doctor asked him to do so 3．When Dave heard the underlined sentence, he probably felt ________. A．happy B．angry C．worried D．surprised 4．What can we learn from Dave’s story? A．Interest is the best teacher. B．Success comes from hard work. C．It’s never too late to lose weight. D．Sports help a person stay young. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁锦州·期中） “How old are you?” The radio manager (经理) looked down at me. “Fifteen,” I said. “And you want a job in radio? Shouldn’t you be at school?” he asked. How could I explain? I’ve always loved the radio. I still remember, when I was four years old, I sat close to the radio in the living room, listening to my favourite programmes and to the voice of my favourite presenters (主持人). It seemed that they were speaking not to lots of listeners but to me in person. At the age of nine, I asked for part-time jobs in small radio stations. As I grew older, my interest in radio grew. One day I learned about Internet radio. Once a week, I played my favourite music from my father’s computer, talked about life at school, and hoped someone might be listening. Soon my friends at school started to listen, and then they wanted to help. We prepared a programme once a week, doing research by reading articles about music and sports news. We also did research for jokes and the weather report (I did this by looking out of the window). “OK, come with me,” the manager said. I sat down in the studio. He was in another room, behind a glass wall. “OK, let’s do a sound check. Just tell me what you had for breakfast.” All radio presenters need to answer the same question before they begin to work. The purpose is to check the sound level. “I had eggs, fruit and some milk.” “OK, that’s great!” the man behind the glass said. This was how my first real job in radio began. 1．When do you think the writer started an interest in radio? A．At the age of fifteen. B．At the age of four. C．At the age of nine. D．At the age of thirteen. 2．What did the writer do after learning about Internet radio? A．Playing music from computer once a week. B．Continuing to be interested in listening to radio. C．Sitting close to the radio in the living room. D．Asking for part-time jobs in small radio stations. 3．Which of the following is the correct order to tell the writer’s story? a. stood in front of the radio manager b. sat close to the radio in the living room c. learned about Internet radio d. asked for part-time jobs in small radio stations e. did research by reading articles about music and sports news f. got the first real job in radio A．a-b-d-c-e-f B．b-c-d-e-f-a C．f-b-c-d-e-a D．b-d-c-e-a-f 4．What’s the best title for the text? A．My First Real Job B．Part-time Jobs C．The Radio Manager D．Radio Times Passage 3 （23-24八年级下·辽宁营口·期中） When I leave school, I want a job that’s interesting and enjoyable. I don’t care if I have to work really hard. I enjoy helping other people. My friends say I'm good at talking to people. I’m also good at repairing (修理) things and I can stand the sight of blood. Where would I like to work? Of course, in a hospital. — Carla, 12 I like helping people too, but I don’t want to work in a hospital. I’d like to work with kids or teenagers. Because being with adults all day is boring. I’m good at listening to people. I’m also good at helping my classmates with their homework. My favourite subject is English and I can speak a little German. I’d like to work in a school. — Melissa, 13 I don't want an ordinary job. I want to have an exciting job. I enjoy travelling around the world. I’d like to meet different people every day. I’m good at maths and geography. And l can speak English, Spanish and German. I’d like to work on a plane. — Diego, 15 I don’t want an ordinary job either. I think working in an office is boring. I’d like to be famous. I love to be in front of lots of people. My favourite subjects are history and science. I’m really good at acting. I’d like to work on stage (舞台). — Mark, 14 1．Carla would like to work ________. A．on a plane B．in a school C．on stage D．in a hospital 2．What does the underlined word ordinary mean? A．Strange. B．Relaxing. C．Usual. D．Hard. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Melissa likes to work with kids and teenagers. B．Diego likes to act in front of lots of people. C．Both Carla and Mark like to help others. D．Mark enjoys travelling very much. 4．The students are talking about their ________. A．new hobbies B．future jobs C．favourite subjects D．everyday life 主题02 人与自我——家人、朋友与周围的人 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁铁岭·期中） The weatherman said there was going to be a terrible storm, but the weather was so nice. Molly’s mother was going to buy some batteries (电池) in the corner store to prepare for the storm, although Molly thought it wasn’t necessary. Her mom left and was back an hour later. It was about 6:00 p.m., and the sky began to turn dark because of the black clouds. The wind also started to pick up. Then the rain started to beat against the windows. The trees shook hard. Some of the neighbors’ plants fell off their windows. “I’m scared.” said Molly to her mother. The storm lasted for about thirty minutes, long enough to make the lights go out and the old trees fall over. Even Gretchen, the cat, was staying quietly under the sofa. Molly’s mother lit some candles so they could see their way around the house. “What about dinner?” asked Molly. Her mother bought some fish when she went to the corner store. “I had a feeling that we wouldn’t be able to cook, so I bought the food and some bread.” said Molly’s mother. They ate the fish and the bread by candle light. “You know, this is kind of fun. It’s almost like camping.” said Molly. Later that night, the lights came back on. Molly said. “Although it was a scary time, I did have fun.” 1．Why did Molly’s mother go to the corner store? A．To get some newspapers. B．To get candles. C．To get batteries. D．To get cat food. 2．What did Molly eat for dinner? A．Some cakes. B．The fish and the bread. C．She ate nothing at all. D．Some cat food. 3．What can we know from the passage? A．Molly’s mother got wet because of the rainstorm. B．The rainstorm started in the morning. C．The rainstorm lasted for about half an hour. D．Gretchen liked staying quietly under the sofa all the time. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．A night with a rainstorm B．Molly and her cat C．Molly’s busy night D．Mom’s trip to the store Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁大连·期中） New Year was coming. I told my mother that the only gift I wanted for the New Year was a Pogo Stick (弹簧单高跷). However, my mother said that they were so expensive that we couldn’t afford one. On a Saturday before New Year, my family went shopping together. While my mother and I were picking out the gifts, my dad said, “I’ll be back soon. I need to see something in the tool area.” A moment later, he came back with a long box. I was wondering if there was a Pogo Stick in it. When we arrived home, my dad put the box in the garage (车库). While my parents were busy with their housework, I quietly walked out to the garage and found the box. I was so happy because I thought as long as I opened that box, my bright Pogo Stick would appear! To my surprise, inside the box there was only an ugly old broom (扫帚). On New Year morning, I got some nice gifts, but I didn’t get the present that I really wanted. After cleaning up the room after dinner, my dad went out. When he came back in, he was carrying a beautiful Pogo Stick. I couldn’t believe it! Where did my dad hide it? He kept it to himself and my parents probably got quite a laugh from the joke they played on me. Although we didn’t have much money, my parents gave me the most important gift of all: love and happiness. 1．What’s the right order according to the text? a. My family went shopping together. b. My parents got a laugh from the joke. c. My dad put the box in the garage. d. I found an old broom inside the box. e. I wanted to get a Pogo Stick. A．e-a-c-d-b B．e-a-b-c-d C．b-d-e-c-a D．a-e-d-c-b 2．The writer felt a little ________ after he opened the box in the garage. A．lucky B．excited C．unhappy D．enjoyable 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．The writer got his favorite gift finally. B．The writer’s family couldn’t buy a Pogo Stick. C．The writer just got a broom as a gift. D．The writer’s parents usually play jokes on him. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．A special festival B．The gift of love C．A big day for New Year D．A funny joke Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁大连·期中） Every year on my birthday, ever since I turned twelve, a white gardenia (栀子花) would be sent to my house. I had tried to find out the sender’s name, but no card ever came with the flower. The phone calls to the flower shop didn’t help, either. After a while, I gave up and was just pleased with the yearly beautiful white flower wrapped (包裹) in soft pink paper. However, I never stopped imagining who the giver might be. Some of my happiest moments were spent daydreaming about this sender. My mother encouraged these daydreams. She would ask me if I had been especially kind to someone. Maybe it was one of my classmates. Maybe it was the old man who lived across the street. I had sent letters for him during the winter. But, as a girl, I had more fun imagining from the sender to be some boy I had met. A month before I graduated (毕业) from high school, my father passed away. I was so sad that I became completely uninterested in my upcoming (即将来临的) graduation dance. Would I have a new dress to wear to it? I didn’t care at all. However, my mother wouldn’t let me miss any of those things. She wanted her children to feel loved. In fact, my mother wanted her children to see themselves much like how I came to see the gardenia: lovely and strong, with perhaps a bit of mystery (神秘感). Several years after my graduation, I got married at the age of 22. My mother died ten years later. That was when the gardenia stopped coming. 1．The author first received the white gardenia on her ________. A．10th birthday B．12th birthday C．22nd birthday D．32nd birthday 2．What can you learn from the passage? A．The author’s father passed away a month before her wedding. B．The author lose interest in her graduation dance because her mother didn’t allow her to go. C．The author’s mother gave the author some suggestions about the possible senders. D．The author’s mother bought more gardenias for the author. 3．From the passage, we can infer (推测) that ________ sent the gardenia to the author. A．some boy the author had ever met B．one of the author’s classmates C．the author’s mother D．the author’s father 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．It tells about the author’s love for gardenias. B．It shows the importance of family. C．It describes the relationship between the author and her mother. D．It shares the author’s memories of a special gift and her mother’s love. Passage 4 （23-24八年级下·辽宁大连·期中） It was a sunny morning. I watched my six-year old little girl Cindy playing in her room. In one hand was a plastic phone; in the other a toy broom. I listened as she was speaking to her imaginary (假装的) friend on the phone. I’ll never forget the words she said, even though she was just imagining. She said, “Cindy’s in the corner because she’s not been very good. She doesn’t listen to a word I say or do the things she should.” In the corner I saw her baby doll. It was clear that she was there to sit alone. My daughter went on with her own “conversation (对话)” as I sat down on the floor. She said, “I’m all bored. I just don’t know what to do with her anymore! She never lets me do the things that I just have to do! I have a lot of work to do and a big house to keep clean. I don’t have the time to sit and play. Don’t you know what I mean?” That day, I thought a lot about making some changes as I listened to her words. Now I have changed because I learned to see the world in a different light, through my little darling’s eyes. I’m going to fill the house with memories (记忆) of a child and her kind mother. 1．What was the daughter doing in her room? A．Playing with her baby doll. B．Cleaning the house with a broom. C．Listening to stories from a phone. D．Playing games on her phone. 2．What does the underlined word “she” refer to (指代) in Paragraph 2? A．The mother. B．The daughter. C．Cindy’s friend. D．Cindy’s baby doll. 3．We can know from Paragraph 3 that _____________. A．the daughter doesn’t love her mother at all B．the daughter doesn’t like doing housework C．the writer talks like her daughter is speaking D．the daughter is speaking to her mother 4．What will the writer do after hearing her daughter’s words? A．She will buy more dolls for her daughter. B．Talk to her daughter more kindly. C．Help her daughter make more friends. D．Forget the bad memories of her daughter. 主题03人与社会——人际关系与志愿者服务 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） The Most Valuable Player (MVP) award was what I hoped to get. Back in Grade 6, soccer became my favorite sport. I wasn’t the best player on the team at the beginning of the year. But after a lot of hard work, by the end of the year, I felt that I was the MVP. As the soccer season went on, we finally finished second in the city. Our team was a very good team, and I was a big part of that. Kenny was the captain (队长), but I was the player who scored the most goals in the team. Kenny would always pass the ball to all his players. At the end of the year, there was a sports dinner at school. People got prizes for excellent performance. Everyone on the team felt that I would get the MVP. At the end of the dinner, the coach stood up and announced (宣布) the winners for the prizes, “The winner for the MVP is Kenny.” How could that be? I couldn’t believe my ears. After the event, the coach came up to me and explained. He said, “You were the best player on the team, but you did not pass the ball. You were out there for yourself but not for the team. You have to realize that soccer is about the team, not about one individual player.” I was ashamed by what the coach had said. Now I am in Grade 8 and the captain of the soccer team. I feel that I have learned that a team sport is not just about you. It is about “us”. Now I am both a better player and a better captain because of this. 1．Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 1? A．The writer didn’t work very hard. B．Kenny scored the most goals in the team. C．The writer’s team won the second place in the city. D．The writer was the best player when he joined the team. 2．How did the writer feel when he knew Kenny got the MVP? A．Excited. B．Surprised. C．Sad D．Relaxed 3．What does the underlined word “individual” mean in Paragraph 4 in English? A．Personal. B．Polite. C．Excellent. D．Active. 4．What does the text mainly tell us? A．Failure is the mother of success. B．Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. C．Teamwork makes the dream work. D．The most important thing is to be “me”. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁锦州·期中） What does filial piety (n.孝顺) mean to you? It might mean listening to your parents, helping them with housework, or just being kind to them. They are very common things. Everyone can do those. Ten teenagers got awards (n.奖励) for their filial piety in a contest (n.比赛) called Searching for Filial Teens. The youngest award-winner was 7 years old, while the oldest was 15. They come from different places, but they have something in common. They all love their parents. Now let’s learn about one of them here. Yu Qiwei and his mom. CCTV 15-year-old Yu Qiwei, from Sichuan, had a happy family of three. But three years ago, his father died while saving someone who was drowning (v.溺水). Later, he found that his mother had a serious brain illness. He had to learn how to cook dinner, clean the rooms and wash clothes. To make a living, he and his mother opened an online store. Yu worked for this store by buying goods (n.商品) and sending them to buyers. Though he was busy taking care of these things, he still did well in school. He spent his free time studying or staying with his mother. He saved money by not taking any after-school classes. “Life is hard, but one day, I will ‘fly’ high together with my mom,” Yu said. 1．How old was the youngest winner for his filial piety? A．Five. B．Seven. C．Ten. D．Fifteen. 2．From the passage we can know that ______. A．doing housework are bad for teens B．there are four people in Yu Qiwei’s family C．Yu Qiwei sets an example for teens D．his grandmother makes Yu Qiwei have a happy life 3．Which is the right order according to the passage? ①Yu Qiwei opened an online store.    ②Yu Qiwei’s father saved someone’s life. ③Yu Qiwei’s mother became badly sick.    ④Yu Qiwei got awards for his filial piety. A．②③①④ B．④②①③ C．③④①② D．①②③④ 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Yu Qiwei always played with his friends. B．Yu Qiwei isn’t a good student in school. C．Yu Qiwei’s mother sold goods herself. D．Yu Qiwei’s father was brave enough. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） Socks are very useful. They can keep our feet warm and safe. But some people don’t have socks. A place for homeless people in West Tennessee needed socks very much. Brad Montague heard about this and wanted to help. In 2010, Montague worked as a volunteer at a middle school in Henderson, Tennessee. He told the students there about the problem. They thought of an idea together: Socktober. They asked people to give new socks in October. This idea was a success. They got so many socks that Montague’s car couldn’t hold them all. Montague also gave socks to homeless people on the street and said, “Happy Socktober!” He wanted other places to join in too. He put information about giving socks on the Internet. This made other people in Tennessee want to do the same thing. Now, Socktober has been around for almost 15 years. People in every state in the U.S. have sock drives. They also happen in Canada, Australia, and India. People do this every year. Montague said, “Anyone can do it. Everyone needs socks, and it’s easy to share them.” Schools also like Socktober. Many students try to make money to buy socks for it. Some sell drinks, some collect bottles, and others find other ways to help. Montague thanks everyone who helps. Anderson Brown is an eighth grader at Ridges Junior High School. He said he looked forward to Socktober every autumn. “We should care about everyone.” Brown said. 1．Who first heard about the need for socks and wanted to help? A．Anderson Brown. B．Brad Montague. C．A teacher at the middle school. D．A student volunteer. 2．Why did Brad Montague put information about giving socks on the Internet? A．To sell socks online. B．To show off his car. C．To encourage more people to join in. D．To find out who needs socks. 3．What does the underlined words “sock drives” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Cars for holding socks. B．Events that people give socks. C．Trips that people look for socks. D．Invitations for sock lovers. 4．How did students in many schools feel about the idea of Socktober? A．They didn’t mind it. B．They couldn’t stand it. C．They thought it was difficult. D．They loved it and found ways to help. Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·辽宁锦州·期中） Last year, I went to Beijing Qizhi Special Education School for community service (社区服务). Before we took the bus, my friend asked me a question: “Why are you here?” I did not know how to answer the question. The school was not far from my school, but it looked like it was in a different world. A group of children were waiting for us. A boy walked toward me. He held my hands and pulled me to the ground. I kissed the earth and tasted nature. I could not understand what he was doing at first, so I was very angry. Though I was very angry, I controlled my anger. A teacher stopped this awkward (adj.尴尬的) silence when she shouted at the boy. “What are you doing right here, right now?” she said. “You will never see your mom again if you keep doing this. Now, say sorry,” “Sorry,” he cried fearfully and nervously. I said nothing, but I realized something about this child. After lunch, I asked the teacher for information about the child’s parents. She said that the child was very different from other students because of an illness. His family could not afford (v.支付得起) to treat him. He needed the kindness of his family, but they had abandoned him. So he depended on the support (支持) from the teachers and community service workers like us. I suddenly realized I could answer the question my friend asked me at the beginning of the day. Community service workers help others and make everyone feel better. There are so many people in the world that need help. Playing with lonely children may not make a big difference. But it can light a corner in the children’s hearts, making them know they are loved by people. 1．How did the writer reach Beijing Qizhi Special Education School? A．By train. B．By car. C．By bus. D．By taxi. 2．Why did the writer get angry? A．Because a boy held the writer’s hands. B．Because the writer did not like to taste nature. C．Because a boy pushed the writer to the ground. D．Because a boy wasn’t friendly to the writer. 3．The underlined word “abandoned” most probably means “______”. A．hurt B．left C．sold D．forgotten 4．From the passage we can learn that the writer ______. A．helped so many people in the world B．played with the lonely boy after lunch C．learned the meaning of community service D．wasn’t good at community service 主题04 人与社会——文学、艺术、历史 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁葫芦岛·期中） A woman kept a bird and she really liked it. But one day the bird flew away. The woman was sad and went out to look for it on the mountain near her home. At last, she met the bird. The woman said excitedly, “Will you please go home with me, my bird?” Though the bird was also happy to see the woman, it shook its head. “Take me to your home and let me see how you live.” the woman said. The bird led the woman to its new home. She found it lived well with many other birds. So she decided to go back home alone. Before she was leaving, the bird gave her a basket. When she returned home, she told her husband what had happened. Her husband opened the basket and saw a lot of gold. The man was very greedy (贪婪的) and he went to the bird’s home, too. “Hello, my bird. I miss you very much.” cried the man falsely (虚伪地). In fact, he used to treat (对待) the bird badly. The bird said nothing. It took out two baskets, a light one and a heavy one. The bird asked him to choose one and he could open it after he reached home. Of course, he chose the heavy one and took it home with great difficulty. However, when he opened the basket, he found it was full of stones! 1．What did the woman do on the mountain? A．She wanted to visit her friend. B．She found a basket full of gold. C．She looked for her lost bird. D．She looked for gold. 2．Why did the woman’s husband go to the bird’s home? A．Because he loved the bird. B．Because he wanted to bring the bird home. C．Because he wanted more baskets. D．Because he wanted more gold. 3．Which of the following is TRUE about the woman’s husband? A．He got two baskets from the bird. B．He missed the bird very much. C．He got lots of gold at last. D．He didn't treat the bird well. 4．What does the story mainly want to tell us? A．We should try our best to keep more birds. B．Be kind to others and don’t be greedy. C．Kind people can get everything they want. D．We can get lots of gold if we are friendly to birds. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） Spider-Man is often thought of as one of the most popular superheroes of all time. But did you know that he almost wasn’t created? Stan Lee came up with the idea for Spider-Man in 1962. He was a different kind of superhero from what had come before. He was a teenager who had everyday problems. Back then, superheroes were strong, grown men who saved people. Teenagers were helpers. The heroes didn’t have to worry about real-life problems like paying bills and caring for an old relative. They flew in the sky and fought aliens. Stan Lee was about to change that. When Stan told his boss about Spider-Man, his boss said it was “the worst idea” he’d ever heard, reported the Vintage News. For a time, it seemed that it was the end for Stan’s friendly neighborhood hero. But then, Stan had an idea. One of Marvel Comics’ books was going to stop. Stan Lee said, “Nobody cared what you put inside a book that was going to be killed.” So, Stan Lee teamed up with artist Steve Ditko, who made Spider-Man’s iconic (标志性的) look. Together, they put Spider-Man in the 15th and last issue (期) of the comic book Amazing Fantasy. Spider-Man was a huge hit. The issue, showing the superhero on its cover, was a bestseller. And so, Spider-Man was given his own comic book, The Amazing Spider-Man. He has become one of the most beloved fictional (虚构的) characters of all time. So, if you have an idea that you think is great, don’t give up! 1．Why was Spider-Man different from other superheroes at the time? A．Because he fought aliens from outer space. B．Because he had to deal with real-life problems. C．Because he was a grown man, stronger than others. D．Because he never worried about looking after an old family. 2．How did Stan Lee finally get to create Spider-Man? A．He started his own company. B．He sold the idea to another publisher. C．He got money and support from Steve Ditko. D．He used a comic book that was almost ending. 3．What does the underlined phrase “a huge hit” in the last paragraph mean? A．Spider-Man was a total failure. B．Spider-Man became very popular. C．Spider-Man caused a book to be killed. D．Stan Lee got hurt while writing Spider-Man. 4．What’s the best title of the passage? A．A Different Hero. B．Spider-Man’s First Story. C．Marvel’s Best Superhero. D．The Secret History of Marvel Comics. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁大连·期中） In ancient times, Nezha, the son of General Li Jing, lived in Chentangguan. Born with special powers, Nezha had two magical treasures (宝物): the Hun Tian Ling and the Qian Kun Ring. One very hot day, Nezha went to the East Sea to swim. When he put the Hun Tian Ling into the water, huge waves rose up, shaking the Dragon King’s Crystal Palace. The Dragon King sent a yaksha (夜叉) to find out what was going on. The yaksha attacked (攻击) Nezha. Nezha quickly threw his Qian Kun Ring and beat the yaksha. The Dragon King was very angry. Then he sent his son, Prince Ao Bing. The prince rushed towards Nezha with a spear (长矛), but Nezha caught him with the Hun Tian Ling and won the battle. After that, Nezha used the prince’s dragon sinews (龙筋) to make a belt (腰带) for his father. When the Dragon King learned about his son’s death, he asked General Li Jing to hand over Nezha. To protect his family, Nezha made a sacrifice (牺牲) by giving up his body. Luckily, his master, Taiyi Zhenren, later brought Nezha back to life using magical lotus flowers. 1．Why did Nezha go to the East Sea? A．To look for treasure. B．To learn new magic. C．To make himself cool. D．To visit the Dragon King. 2．What made the Dragon King’s Crystal Palace shake? A．An earthquake. B．Nezha’s treasure. C．A big storm. D．The yaksha. 3．What did the yaksha do when he saw Nezha? A．He swam with Nezha. B．He asked Nezha to stop the noise. C．He took Nezha to the palace. D．He fought Nezha. 4．How did Nezha protect his family? A．He fought the Dragon King. B．He asked the yaksha for help. C．He gave up his own life. D．He used his magic power. 主题05 人与社会——著名人物 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） Wang Hongchun was a rescue worker from Beijing. She lost her life when she helped save villagers in a heavy rain. In July 2023, Wang and other members of the Fangshan Blue Sky Rescue Team rushed to take villagers to safe places. On the way to a flooded (洪水浸没的) village, Wang and some other team members saw something was wrong with a bridge, so they stayed there to stop cars and villagers from crossing the bridge. On the morning of 31 July 2023, the water in the river suddenly started to rise and Wang and her teammates tried to save themselves. They quickly got on a lifeboat. However, the boat overturned (倾覆) in the flood and the water swept away (冲走) all eight members on the boat. In the end, people saved four members of the team. On 1 August, people found Wang Hongchun about 30 kilometres down the river, and another member of the team, Liu Jianmin, about 70 kilometres down the river on 3 August. But unluckily, both of them died. Wang was one of the first members of Fang shan Blue Sky Rescue Team. She often paid her team with her money. In 2013, after she just joined the rescue team, Wang spent 4,700 yuan buying things for rescue work. Many people came to say their last goodbye to Wang and Liu on 12 August. 1．Who was Wang Hongchun? A．A worker on a lifeboat. B．A member of a rescue team. C．A policewoman from Beijing. D．A villager in a flooded village. 2．How did the members try to save themselves in the flood? A．By car. B．By swimming. C．By running. D．By boat. 3．What is the right order of the following facts about Wang Hongchun? ① She stopped cars and villagers crossing the bridge. ② She spent 4,700 yuan buying things for rescue work. ③ She lost her life when she helped save villagers. ④ She tried to save herself in the flood. A．②④③① B．①④③② C．②①④③ D．①④②③ 4．What can we learn about Wang Hongchun from Paragraph 5? A．She lived a busy life. B．She did much for the team. C．She lost her life for the team. D．She was a new member of the team. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁锦州·期中） Thirteen years ago, Liu Xiuxiang was famous as a university student because he took his sick mother to his university. Now he’s famous again as “the most beautiful teacher” for his kindness to his students. When Liu was 4, his father died. His mother was so sad that she developed many health problems. When Liu was 10, his 17-year-old brother and two sisters, 13 and 19, left home to find jobs. Liu had to take care of his mother and make money while studying. When he was at middle school, Liu made about 20 yuan a week by collecting rubbish. During summer vacations, he worked for 18 hours a day to make money. He realized he could change his life only by getting an education. Liu became a teacher when he left the university. He taught in his hometown Wangmo County in Guizhou. There, he helped many children to go back to school. Since 2012, he has raised money for over 1,900 students. “I want to wake up the parents and children who think education useless (无用的). Education changed my life and I believe it will change theirs, too,” he said. Liu is a history teacher now and he still looks after his mother. He sometimes takes his students to visit the house he lived in as a child. His story helps cheer up his students. 1．Liu Xiuxiang was famous 13 years ago because ________. A．he took his mother to his university B．he went to an excellent university C．he was “the most beautiful teacher” D．he was kind to his students 2．What happened when Liu Xiuxiang was ten? A．His father died. B．His brother went to university. C．His sisters and brother went out to work. D．His mother got sick. 3．Liu tried to ________ after he became a teacher. A．forget his past B．help children return to school C．make more money D．raise money for the school 4．What can we know about Liu Xiuxiang from the text? A．He seldom cares for his mother now. B．He believes education can hardly change his life. C．He’s a Chinese teacher and likes telling stories. D．He uses his story to raise his students’ spirits. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁阜新·期中） Hu Yingfu and Wang Zhangmin are famous as “marathon (马拉松) duo (二人组)”. Although Hu is 86 and Wang is 77, they have been in over 100 marathon races. This makes them very healthy. So far, they have won at least 200 medals (奖牌) from all kinds of sports meetings. There is even a special room in their home to show them. Over 20 years ago, Wang followed her friend’s advice to run. She felt it was quite good for her health, so she encouraged Hu to run with her in 1997. However, it was not easy for them to start at first. They had to run one to two hundred metres in the beginning. Little by little, they could run farther and farther. In 2004, they joined the track competition at the National Masters Games for the first time. To their surprise, Wang won the fourth prize. From then on, they often appeared in all kinds of sports meetings and won many prizes. Later, they started to think about running marathons. In April 2011, they joined their first marathon race and finished it successfully. So far, they have run over 40,000 kilometres. They have also made many friends through running and inspired (激励) lots of young people to join them. They say, “Life is a marathon.” 1．What does the underlined word “them” refer to? A．The races. B．The medals. C．The sports meetings. D．The runners. 2．What might Hu and Wang think of running at first? A．It was easy. B．It was hard. C．It was funny. D．It was boring. 3．What’s the right time order (顺序) of the following events (事件)? ① Hu and Wang started to join the marathon. ② Wang started to run. ③ Wang won a prize. ④ Hu stared to run. A．②③④① B．④②③① C．②④③① D．④②①③ 4．In which part of a newspaper can we read the text? A．Sports. B．Culture. C．Science. D．Family. Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） When he was a teenager, Hunter Adams was very unhappy and he spent many years in a special hospital for people with mental (精神的) health problems. When he left the hospital, Adams decided to become a doctor, so he went to a medical school in Virginia, the USA．But when he was there, he did things in a different way. For example, he didn’t like the doctors’ white coats, so he wore shirts with flowers on them when he visited his patients and he tried to make them laugh. The doctors at the medical school didn’t like Adams because he was too different. But Adams believed that people in hospital need more than medicine. He saw unhappy and lonely people, and he tried to help them. He spent a lot of time with children in hospital and often dressed up like a clown to make the children laugh. When he finished medical school and became a doctor, Adams opened his own hospital, called “The Gesundheit Institute”, together with some other doctors. They wanted it to be a place with a different way of working with sick people. Hunter Adams became famous during the 1980s, and in 1998, Universal Pictures made a film about his life. It was very successful. In the film (called Patch Adams), Robin Williams played Adams. Williams said, “Adams is a really warm person, who believes that patients need a doctor who is a friend. I enjoyed playing him.” 1．When did Adams have mental health problems? A．After he left medical school. B．During the 1980s. C．When he was a teenage boy. D．After the film came out. 2．Why did the doctors at the medical school dislike Adams? A．Because he was a warm person. B．Because he had mental health problems. C．Because he was a clown. D．Because he wasn’t the same as others. 3．The Gesundheit Institute ________. A．was a hospital B．belonged to Universal Pictures C．could make films D．was a medical school 4．The passage mainly tells us about ________. A．how to cheer up patients B．people with mental health problems C．a film about Adams D．a doctor named Hunter Adams 主题06 人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁盘锦·期中） On December 18th, 2023, a big earthquake (地震) hit Jishishan County in Gansu. Ding Xiaolong was asleep at home when the earthquake happened. It woke him up and he quickly ran out of his house. He felt lucky to be alive, but he was sorry for what happened to his friend’s family. After the earthquake. Ding got a phone call from the friend. He was working in another city then. The friend asked Ding to see if his family was OK. However, his house had fallen down. Ding asked over 20 people for help, but it was too late. All four members of his friend’s family had lost their lives. Ma Shijun, a student at Dahejia Middle School, ran out of the dormitory (宿舍) without shoes or a coat. Following the earthquake, teachers quickly asked students to go to the playground. “Seeing more and more rescue personnel (救援人员) arriving, I find myself less afraid,” Ma said. Members of the Blue Sky Rescue Team set up lots of tents. Some villagers provided hot water. Taxi drivers were busy carrying the injured (受伤的人) to hospitals. Medical teams were racing against time to help those in need. “Life is the most important,” said the head of a hospital. “There’s hope as long as people are alive.” 1．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．The outside noise. B．Ding’s parents’ shout. C．The earthquake. D．Ding’s friend’s call. 2．Why did Ding’s friend call him? A．To say sorry to him. B．To offer him a job. C．To show thanks to him. D．To ask him for help. 3．What do we know about Ma Shijun? A．He’s a primary school student. B．He ran out without shoes on. C．He didn’t feel afraid at all. D．He helped save some students. 4．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A．The earthquake caused many problems. B．People were trying their best to offer help. C．Lots of people lost homes during the earthquake. D．People had different opinions on the earthquake. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁鞍山·期中） Many years ago, Felix Finkbeiner was just a fourth grader in Bavaria, Germany (德国). His geography teacher asked him to talk about climate (气候) change in class. Finkbeiner did some research and learned about Wangari Maathai from Kenya. She was the first African woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize for helping plant about 30 million trees in Africa. Finkbeiner decided to take action (采取行动) on climate change. He said to his class that they should plant a million trees in each country. Finkbeiner and his classmates began to plant trees at school. The local (当地的) newspaper wrote about the event, and his idea spread (传播) to other schools. “Planting a tree is easy, but bringing back a forest is hard,” Finkbeiner said. He wanted everyone in the world to help. So he started a group called Plant-for-the-Planet. The group teaches and encourages (鼓励) everyone to plant trees. Schools and young people play a key role in Plant-for-the-Planet’s success. The group now has over 100,000 members in 76 countries. They have helped plant millions of trees around the world. Finkbeiner is hopeful about the future. He believes that with everyone’s help, the earth can become much greener. 1．Felix Finkbeiner took action on climate change after reading the story of ________. A．his classmates B．his geography teacher C．a German scientist D．a woman form Africa 2．What did Finkbeiner tell his classmates to do? A．Study climate change in groups. B．Write news about school events. C．Plant trees in every country. D．Try to win a Nobel Peace Prize. 3．Why did Finkbeiner start the group Plant-for-the-Planet? A．To get more people to help plant trees. B．To help schools do research about forests. C．To encourage people to spend time in nature. D．To look for better ideas to help African people. 4．How did the writer show the success of Plant-for-the-Planet in Paragraph 3? A．By giving examples. B．By using numbers. C．By asking questions. D．By telling stories. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁辽阳·期中） Once upon a time, the colors of the world started to quarrel (争吵). Green said, “Clearly I am the most important. I am the life and hope. I am the color for grass, trees and leaves. Without me, all animals would die. I am the beginning of life.” Blue said, “You only think about the earth, but think about the sky and the sea. It is the water that is important to life. Without my peace (平静), you would all be nothing.” Yellow laughed and said, “You are all so serious. I bring laughter, fun and warmth into the world. The sun is yellow, the moon is yellow and the stars are yellow. Every time you look at a sunflower, the whole world starts to smile. Without me, there would be no fun.” Orange started next to said, “I am the color of health and strength (力气). When I fill the sky as the sun rises, my beauty is so surprising that no one gives another thought to any of you.” Red could no longer stand it, so he shouted out, “I am the ruler of all of you. I am the color of danger. I fight for the truth. I am also the color of love.” The colors went on the quarrel. Their quarrel became louder and louder. Suddenly there came a bright light. Rain started to pour down heavily. The colors were so scared that they hugged (拥抱) close to one another for comfort (安抚). The rain began to say, “You foolish colors, fighting among yourselves. Don’t you know that you were all special and different? Now, join hands with each other and come to me.” Doing as they were told, the colors joined hand in hand. They came into a colorful rainbow. From then on, whenever a good rain washes the world, a rainbow appears in the sky, letting us remember to admire (仰慕) one another. 1．How many kinds of colors are mentioned in this passage? A．4. B．5. C．6. D．7. 2．Tom is sad, you may write down something on the ________ paper to make him happy. A．red B．orange C．yellow D．blue 3．According to rain, the colors should ________ each other. A．look up to B．laugh at C．fight with D．quarrel with 4．According to the passage, which one is RIGHT? A．Green is a symbol of summer. B．You should give your mother an orange flower to show your love. C．If your favorite color is red, it may mean you are happy and strong. D．We should paint the classroom blue to make a quiet place for students to study. 主题01 人与自我——个人情况与个人兴趣 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁盘锦·期中） My name is Lisa. I’m a middle school student. I have been studying at school for more than two years. In a few months, I will take a very important test. If I pass the test with good grades, I can become a student of the 10th grade and choose a good high school in Shenyang to study. That means I may go to a good university in three years. Now I’m trying my best to make it come true. At the same time, I am the monitor (班长) in my class, which means I need to do lots of things for my class. I must spend more time on my schoolwork, so I don’t have enough time to serve the students in my class. Slowly I became slacked off (懈怠). Also, my grades dropped and I couldn’t serve the class well. Days ago, my head teacher told me that she was not satisfied with my poor performance as a class monitor. I am not happy. What should I do now? I don’t want to go to my parents for advice, because they will get worried about me. Can you tell me how to deal with it? 1．Which grade may Lisa be in now? A．Grade Seven. B．Grade Eight. C．Grade Nine. D．Grade Ten. 2．What is Lisa’s dream? A．To get into a good university. B．To serve the class better. C．To get on well with her parents. D．To be a good teacher. 3．How may Lisa feel now? A．Sad. B．Worried. C．Glad. D．Surprised. 4．Why does Lisa write the text? A．To show her dream. B．To tell her happy school life. C．To ask for help. D．To talk about her head teacher. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） I’ll always remember the first time I tried ballet. My mother was a dancer and I wanted to be like her, but after making many mistakes during my first class, I felt like I wanted to give up right away. However, because it was only my first day, I told my mom I couldn’t wait to dance again. Several weeks passed and my dancing didn’t get any better. Then my dance teacher told us that we were going to perform in a show. I was afraid of falling on my face in front of hundreds of people and made my mom sad. I practiced hard for the show, but I still didn’t get the hang of it. Finally, I went to my mom to tell her how I felt. She just laughed and told me she would teach me all she knew about ballet. My mom quickly found out how bad at ballet I was, but she still taught me with the greatest patience, love and understanding. When I jumped and fell, she was there to catch me. When I lost my balance, she held me up. By the time the show arrived, I was as prepared as I could be. The music began and my heart started to beat quickly. Breathing calmly, I began moving to the music without missing a step. When the music stopped, I ran off the stage and laughed with excitement. My mom found me and gave me a huge hug, telling me how proud she was. I looked my mom in the eye and told her that there was no way this could have happened without her. Through this, I knew one important fact: My mom will always be there to catch me if I fall. 1．What happened to the writer on her first day of trying ballet? A．She fell down and hurt herself. B．She made no mistakes while dancing. C．She realized she was good at ballet. D．She lied to her mom about liking ballet. 2．What does the underlined phrase “get the hang of it” mean? A．do well in B．lose interest in C．have difficulty with D．catch up with 3．How did the writer’s feelings change after the teacher told they were going to perform in a show? A．Afraid—prepared—nervous—excited. B．Excited—afraid—prepared—proud. C．Afraid—surprised—excited—proud. D．Excited—prepared—nervous—surprised. 4．The best title of the passage is “________”. A．Always there if you fall down B．Practice makes perfect C．My first day with ballet D．Never give up 主题02 人与自我——家人、朋友与周围的人 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁丹东·期中） Sometimes you meet a common person doing something special. On a recent trip, I met Normand Gallant. Normand is someone you could pass on the street and never notice, but he is a very special person who is worth paying attention to. Normand lives in the countryside far from the nearest city and the nearest big hospital, so when his wife had cancer (癌症) several years ago. Normand had to drive four hours to the place where she could be treated (治疗). That meant they needed more money for meals, hotels and so on, but in the end the cancer took his wife away. Normand was sad because of his wife’s passing. He realized that other people were facing the same kinds of difficulties. He decided to do something for them. What he did was to throw parties. He holds a party every three weeks on Saturday evenings at home. Neighbors, friends and relatives come and bring snacks and drinks. They sing and dance. At the party, Normand tells about a family that is having difficulties in supporting a cancer patient. Then a box is passed around and the money is collected for that family. The people at the party have a good time. The family understands that someone helps them a lot. It seems like such a simple thing but it really works. Normand’s impetus (动力) to help other cancer patients was born out of his sadness, but for the people who have received the money, it is an act of love. Normand’s personal action has resulted in an act of kindness that honors the memory of the wife he has lost. Wouldn’t it be nice if we had more people in the world like Normand Gallant? I’m glad I met Normand Gallant. He makes the world a better place. 1．Which is the correct order of the events? a. Normand lost his wife.        b. Normand noticed others’ difficulties. c. Normand drove long for his wife’s treatment.    d. Normand started to help the families in need. A．c→a→b→d B．d→b→a→c C．a→b→d→c D．b→a→d→c 2．Why does Normand tell stories about cancer-fighting families at his parties? A．To share his sad experiences. B．To raise money for these families. C．To make neighbors help her wife. D．To get snacks and drinks from friends. 3．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 5? A．Sharing stories. B．Treating his wife. C．Receiving money. D．Throwing parties. 4．What’s the writer’s purpose in writing the text? A．To tell us a story about Normand Gallant. B．To teach us to be thankful to the people around. C．To encourage more people to help those in trouble. D．To ask more people to raise money for those in need. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁抚顺·期中） When I was young, I often rode my bike around my neighborhood. I was very happy. I got a bike from my cousin when I was 9. It was red. It had a bell (铃) and I could ring the bell as I rode around. My next-door neighbor was a girl and she had a pink bike. We rode our bikes together every Saturday and Sunday. It was really exciting. We lived on a street with very few buses or cars, so it was safe for us to ride across the street. It was great fun. One day, I jumped on my bike and went to the movies. But when I walked out of the cinema, I couldn’t find it. Someone had stolen (偷) my bike. I cried all the way home. My parents dropped letters in the neighbors’ mailboxes to ask for help. A couple of days later, a woman came to my house with a blue bike. She said the bike was too small for her son and he was happy to give his bike to me. I couldn’t take my eyes away from the bike. It looked so nice! I even forgot to say thanks before I rode on it. 1．The writer got a ________ bike at the age of 9. A．red B．blue C．pink D．yellow 2．On the day he lost his bike, the writer ________. A．played on the street B．went to the cinema C．went to his cousin’s house D．played with his neighbor 3．Why did the writer’s parents write letters to their neighbors? A．To say sorry. B．To say thanks. C．To offer advice. D．To ask for help. 4．How did the writer probably feel at the end of the passage? A．Sad. B．Bored. C．Excited. D．Angry. Passage 3 （23-24八年级下·辽宁阜新·期中） During the summer holiday, some students might have been busy with traveling, summer camps and all kinds of lessons, but a special group of Chinese middle school students decided to taste the hardship (艰难) of life outside school. Twelve students in a big city sold vegetables at a local market together. In 12 days, they made more than 1,500 yuan. Among them, the oldest is 21 years old, while the youngest is just 10. They are all cousins in a big family and eight of them are from countryside. “Compared to traveling, such social practice makes us learn how hard our parents are,” said Dalin, 18, to the City Morning Newspaper. Dalin, a high school student, and her 12-year-old brother Xiaolin had the idea about selling vegetables. They learned to work hard to sell their vegetables. Every morning they had to wake up at 3 o’clock. Some of them went to the farmer’s market to buy vegetables. Some of them went to the local market to take up a temporary stall (临时摊位). To lower the cost, they learned to bargain (讲价) with the sellers. At about 16:30, they began to sell vegetables. They peddled (吆喝) loudly to attract (吸引) customers. After several days, they got some experience, too. For example, it was better to put vegetables in order and bigger ones on top. When the vegetables are too heavy, they should give customers more plastic bags (塑料袋). When they finally finished and went home, they had a small meeting. Everyone took notes and shared their feelings. “We are tired,” said Dalin, “but we received a lot.” 1．The writer thought the 12 students’ action was ________. A．encouraging B．common C．boring D．difficult 2．The cousins decided to sell vegetables at a market to ________. A．show how able they were B．prepare for their future traveling C．learn how hard their parents’ work D．have less hardship (艰难) of life 3．They bargained with the sellers to ________. A．cut down the cost B．share their feelings C．get bigger vegetables D．have more customers 4．It’s clear that ________. A．they took up the temporary stall together B．the elder sold vegetables when the younger took notes C．Dalin and Xiaolin got the idea of selling vegetables D．they gave each customer more plastic bags Passage 4 （23-24八年级下·辽宁葫芦岛·期中） The Spring Festival was coming. Li Mei’s parents told her a nice tradition—cleaning the house before the Spring Festival. They believed that sweeping away the old things and making everything clean and tidy would bring good luck and happiness to their family. Li Mei wanted to help and make her parents happy. So, she decided to start by cleaning her own room. On a sunny winter morning, Li Mei started to work. She made her bed first, and then she folded her clothes that were too small for her. She wanted to give them to people in need. She also found a small beautiful cheongsam (旗袍). Li Mei used to wear it for the Spring Festival, and she hoped it would bring joy to someone else. After that, she organized her books and cleaned the bookcases. She found many special things. Old pictures reminded her of happy times, like birthday celebrations and interesting trips. Cards and letters from her friends made her miss them so much. When Li Mei’s parents came home, they were happy. Her mom said she was helpful to them. Together, they cleaned the rest of the house. On the night before the Spring Festival, Li Mei’s family had an enjoyable dinner. Li Mei felt the happiness and good luck around them. 1．Why did Li Mei decide to clean her room? A．Her room was too dirty. B．Her parents told her to do it. C．She planned to make a difference in her life. D．She thought her parents would be happy if she helped to do the chores. 2．The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refers to (指的是) ________. A．her clothes B．her friends C．cards and letters D．old pictures 3．Which of the following words can we use to describe Li Mei? A．Lucky B．Talented C．Helpful D．Strict 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．A nice tradition of the Spring Festival. B．The meanıng of hard work. C．Enjoying a happy family time. D．Spending the Spring Festival. 主题03人与社会——人际关系与志愿者服务 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁大连·期中） Dom Pecora has loved bikes since he was a kid. But he doesn’t just ride them. He also fixes them! He learned how to repair bikes by watching videos online. By the time Dom was 10 years old, he had already broken and repaired his first bike many times. Then one day, a cool new mountain bike caught his eyes. He really wanted it, but it would cost $3,000! The boy asked his mom if she could buy him the bike. “No,” said his mom, “but I can help you raise the money.” That was an encouraging offer. An idea soon came to Dom, “Why don’t I make money by fixing bikes?” His mom helped him set up a webpage (网页) to spread the news about his services. It worked and Dom made enough money. He was able to bring home his dream bike and even had some extra (额外的) money left. The boy decided to make good use of it. He bought six new bikes and gave them to six kids as gifts, and after that, “I just continued to do it,” he said. Now Dom is 16 and runs his own bike shop in his hometown. He repairs and also sells bikes. In 2024, he gave away more than 150 bikes to people in need. Besides fixing bikes, Dom also teaches himself break dancing (霹雳舞), Rubik’s Cube (魔方) and the art of folding (折叠) paper. His mom says he is a happy, funny and kind kid. “He cares about others. He is creative and hardworking at the same time,” she said. 1．One day, _________ caught Dom’s eyes. A．a Rubik’s Cube B．a model car C．a mountain bike D．a toy truck 2．Dom made his idea happen by _________. A．setting up a web page B．fixing bikes to make money C．giving away bikes to people in need D．asking his mom to buy him the bike 3．Which of the following best describes Dom? A．Quiet and shy. B．Kind and creative. C．Brave and helpful. D．Honest and hardworking. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Dream Bikes for More. B．An encouraging offer. C．Extra Money for Bikes. D．An interesting hobby. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） If you have no special plans for your holidays, why not spend your time helping others? Don’t listen to people who say that young people today often think only of themselves. It’s not true at all. More and more young people volunteer to spend their school holidays working for others. And they don’t do it for money. Here are some of their stories. Alice Hamilton, 17I’m going to help the Forest Center build new hiking paths (小道) in the mountains. It will take me the whole summer to live and work there. It will be a nice sport, and I will be able to do something good at the same time! Jason Moore, 18This summer, I’ll volunteer with Special House Program. They build good, low-cost houses and sell them to the poor. They’ll teach me what to do, so I am going to help people and also have a chance to learn how to build houses. Trish Anderson, 16I’m going to teach children who have trouble in reading. I’ll work for a program called Reading For Life. Every day, I’m going to read books that children like. I want to be a teacher, and I love children and reading, so this is going to be a great experience for me. 1．What will Alice probably do in summer? A．Go on a holiday. B．Read some books. C．Live in a small house. D．Work in the mountains. 2．What can we know about Jason Moore? A．He isn’t very rich. B．He is 18 years old. C．He likes sports very much. D．He is able to build houses. 3．Who would like to work as be a teacher? A．Alice Hamilton. B．Jason Moore. C．Trish Anderson. D．Forest Center. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．Working for Others B．Sharing Happiness C．Young Volunteers D．Special Holiday Plans Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁铁岭·期中） In the world, there are lots of people who want to help out. Many join organizations (管理) run by their governments, for example, the Peace Corps in the United States and Voluntary Service Overseas in Britain. Since the terrible earthquake took place in Wenchuan, more than 200 thousand volunteers across China have been helping there! They do all kinds of work or come up with ways to help improve life. Some offer their professional skills for free. Others have no qualifications (资历), but they love to work hard to help. One of the most famous volunteers in the world was Mother Teresa. She could be the best volunteer because she gave her life to helping the poorest people of Calcutta. She helped the homeless, cared for the sick, gave out food, and became the mother of those without families. Now more and more teenagers actively look for volunteering opportunities (机会), too. They volunteer because they think it will be fun or they will learn something. They also like the idea of being helpful to others, even if it is just handing out books for the teacher. As they get older, these reasons are still the same, but there are other important reasons for volunteering such as learning on-the-job, getting work experience, and improving their social life. All volunteers bring joy to the people they help in so many ways. They might read books to the blind, fix up broken homes, find ways to get water for villagers. Could you be a volunteer? What kind of volunteer work could you do? There is someone in the world who needs you. 1．The Peace Corps is ________ in the United States. A．a city B．an organization C．a volunteer D．a school 2．The underlined word “those” refers to ________. A．the homeless B．the sick C．the poor D．the kids 3．Which is NOT the reason for teenagers to be volunteers according to the passage? A．They want to make more friends. B．They want to be helpful. C．It helps them get work experience. D．It can improve their social life. 4．What is the main idea of this passage? A．Volunteers do all kinds of work. B．Mother Teresa was a great volunteer. C．The world needs volunteers. D．There are different ways of volunteering. Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·辽宁朝阳·期中） John and Nick are best friends and they hang out together almost every day. However, about a month ago, they got into the biggest fight. It started on a Sunday when Nick went over to John’s house to play tennis. But John said he wanted to go to watch his elder brother’s football game instead. When Nick asked if he could go too, John said no. Nick felt hurt. He asked why he couldn’t go. John got angry and said, “I want to do something without you for a change!” On Monday at school, Nick was so angry that he left a note on John’s desk. John was really sad after reading the note. What’s going on? Even the best friendship has problems. This is what happened between John and Nick. It doesn’t mean that there is anything wrong with the friendship. It just means that the two friends should not spend every minute together. Ways to stop the fight: John could: ★Apologize for the tone (语气) he used when he said he wanted to do something without Nick. ★Explain that sometimes he needs to stay alone. ★Promise to be nicer to Nick in the future. Nick could: ★Say sorry for leaving the note and explain that it was a bad way to solve the problem. Way to avoid (避免) the fight: Open communication. There was a better way for John to let Nick know that he needed his own space. 1．What did John plan to do that Sunday? A．Write a note to Nick. B．Play tennis with Nick. C．Watch a football game. D．Play football with his brother. 2．Which might be the words on Nick’s note? A．Friends are like books. B．Neither of us is wrong. C．We are not friends anymore. D．I’m sorry for not playing with you. 3．What does the underlined word “Apologize” mean? A．Say sorry. B．Say no. C．Say thanks. D．Say goodbye. 4．Which can be a better way for John to stop the fight? A．Promise Nick to play football together. B．Explain that he shouldn’t leave the note. C．Promise Nick to hang out together next time. D．Explain that sometimes he needs his own space. 主题04 人与社会——文学、艺术、历史 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁葫芦岛·期中） Tom and Peter lived in the same village. They made a living by selling horses. One day, Tom said that his horses ran faster than Peter’s although Peter’s horses looked more beautiful. Hearing this, Peter was very angry. He asked Tom to prove (证实) this in a race. Tom agreed without a second thought. On the day of the race, many villagers came to watch. Tom brought his tallest and strongest horse. But Peter came with a thin horse. And the horse looked very hungry. It seemed that the horse didn’t eat anything for days. A few minutes before the race started, Peter jumped on his horse. He had a long stick with a bundle of grass (一捆草) at one end. When the race began, he kept the stick in front of his horse. The horse wanted to eat the grass, so it ran very fast. But no matter (无论) how fast it ran, it still couldn’t reach the grass. It ran faster and faster. Soon Peter’s horse was a few miles in front of Tom’s. Finally, Peter’s horse crossed the finish line first and won the race. After winning the race, Peter fed his horse some fresh grass, and it was very happy to eat the grass. A villager asked Peter what made him successful. Peter said, “Like the horse, one must be hungry for success. Only then will he work hard and succeed.” 1．We can know _________ of the race from Paragraph 1. A．the reason B．the result C．the date D．the place 2．Peter took a _________ horse to the race. A．tall and strong B．thin and hungry C．short and weak D．beautiful and healthy 3．How did Peter make his horse run faster in the race? A．He shouted to scare it. B．He gave it some delicious food. C．He hit it with a long stick. D．He showed the grass in front of it. 4．The writer shares the story to tell us _________. A．races can make people successful B．horses need fresh grass to run faster C．people must be thirsty for success D．villagers must be hungry while working Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁营口·期中） A little stream (小溪) ran down from a high mountain through many villages and forests. Then she reached a desert. “I went through so many difficulties. I should have no problem crossing the desert,” she thought. As she started, she found herself slowly disappearing into the sand. After many tries, she still failed. “Maybe I can’t reach the ocean,” she said sadly to herself. At this time, a deep voice said, “If a breeze (微风) can cross the desert, so can a river.” It was the voice of the desert. But the little stream answered, “That’s because a breeze can fly, but I cannot.” “That’s because you can’t give up what you are. Let yourself evaporate (蒸发) into the breeze, and it can take you across,” said the desert. “Give up what I am now? No! No!” The little stream could not accept this idea. “The breeze can carry the vapor (蒸汽) across the desert and let it leave as rain. The rain will form a river again,” said the desert. “And whether you’re a river or vapor, your nature never changes.” Hearing this, the little stream went into the open arms of the breeze. It carried her to the next stage of her life. The course of our lives is like the experience of the little stream. If you want to go through difficulties in your life to head for success, you should also change the way you are. 1．Which place did the little stream want to reach finally? A．The forest. B．The ocean. C．The desert. D．The river. 2．The little stream ________ after failed many times. A．didn’t meet much difficulty B．was worried about herself C．was confident about herself D．knew well about the desert 3．The little stream finally crossed the desert by ________. A．evaporating into the breeze B．forming a river C．disappearing into the sand D．changing her nature 4．What does the story mainly tell us? A．The road to success is always easy and smooth. B．Whatever others say, we should always be ourselves. C．To succeed, we should change the way we are if necessary. D．We may experience difficulty in life just like the little stream. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中）                                                                                                 Four Alien Visitors on Earth 1. Zeta the ExplorerZeta comes from Mars and is a scientist. He is studying the Earth’s weather systems. Zeta finds the Earth’s ever-changing weather surprising. “On Mars,” he notes, “the temperature is almost the same every day. But the Earth has sunny days, rainy days, and even snow!” 2. Luma the StudentLuma from Venus is an exchange student at a Beijing Middle School. What surprises her most is how much knowledge Earth students must memorize. “On Venus,” she tells classmates, “we download knowledge directly to our brains. But your handicraft classes are truly fun!” 3. Taro the ChefTaro, a chef from Jupiter, is learning to cook Chinese food. “Dumplings are amazing!” Taro shouts. “We make our food into pills, but your dumplings are both beautiful and delicious.” 4. Nova the GardenerNova from Saturn is a plant expert. She researches how to grow more trees in Earth’s cities. “Your parks are beautiful,” Nova says. “But on Saturn, we can grow floating gardens in the air!” 1．According to Zeta, why is the Earth’s weather special? ________ A．Because it never changes. B．Because it’s always very hot. C．Because it’s exactly like Mars’ weather. D．Because it has different types of weather. 2．What can we infer about the Earth’s education from Luma’s comments (评论)? A．It’s too easy for aliens. B．It requires memorization. C．It should use more technology. D．It’s more enjoyable than Venusian education. 3．What does “floating gardens” refer to in the text? A．Air-grown plants. B．Underwater farms. C．Parks with fountains. D．Space stations with food. 4．Where is the text most likely taken from? A．A science fiction novel (科幻小说). B．A government science report. C．A space travel advertisement. D．An educational magazine for teenagers. 主题05 人与社会——著名人物 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁鞍山·期中） In 1640, a man was seriously ill. He had to end the last trip of his life. Back home, people asked him, “You spent your whole life on the road. Do you regret (遗憾) it?” “I walked through many fantastic (了不起的) places in China,” he replied. “People say I’m as great as Zhang Qian and Xuanzang. So I have no regrets at all.” This man was Xu Xiake, the greatest traveler in Chinese history. From an early age, Xu dreamed of visiting China’s seas and mountains. But at the time, it was very difficult to travel far. This didn’t stop him, however. At 22, he set out (出发) on his life’s journey. He travelled for about 30 years, and achieved (实现) his dream. Xu made many geographical discoveries (发现) during his journey. Once, he visited Mount Huang. People then thought Tiandu Peak (峰) was higher than Lianhua Peak. To find out the truth, Xu climbed both peaks. He discovered that lianhua peak gave a wider view (视野), so it must be higher. He was right. Xu recorded (记录) many travel experiences in his diary. This later became Xu Xiake’s Travel Notes. Thanks to this book, we can learn about China almost 400 years ago. “Exploring (探索) the unexplored” is the best description of Xu’s life. 1．When did Xu Xiake end his last trip of his life? A．When he was 43 years old. B．After he traveled about 20 years. C．A year before he died. D．Before he found he was seriously ill. 2．What can we learn from Xu’s words in Paragraph 2? A．He was satisfied with his life as a traveler. B．He was sad because he couldn’t travel anymore. C．He wanted to travel to more fantastic places in China. D．He thought he was the greatest traveler in Chinese history. 3．The writer wants to tell us ________ through the example in Paragraph 4. A．Xu had great interest in comparing peaks. B．Xu enjoyed climbing mountains very much. C．Xu always thought others’ ideas were wrong. D．Xu took his geographical discoveries seriously. 4．What can be the best title of this passage? A．A higher peak—Lianhua Peak B．A great dream—travel around the world C．Exploring the unexplored—a great traveler D．Xu Xiake’s Travel Notes—a fantastic diary Passage 2 （23-24八年级下·辽宁锦州·期中） Zu Chongzhi was one of the greatest mathematicians in ancient China. He was born during the Northern and Southern Dynasties. From a young age, Zu was taught natural science, astronomy (天文学), math and so on. The little boy was interested in all of these subjects, especially in math. Zu was best known for his calculation (计算) of pi (π). According to historical records, he did all the work using nothing but wooden sticks. It took him lots of time to work out the value—between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927. No one at that time was able to work it out more correctly than Zu. And now the achievement is still praised by people around the world. In order to remember Zu, some mathematicians suggest calling pi “Zu Lv”. Zu was successful not only in math. He did a good job in astronomy, too. He worked out that a year should be 365.24281481 days long and created the Daming Calendar. However, government officials at that time did not agree with Zu. The great mathematician never saw his calendar put into use. After his death, his son Zu Gengzhi kept on using facts to show that the Daming Calendar was more correct. Almost ten years after his death, the new calendar was finally accepted. Zu was also an inventor. He once made a vehicle that carried a pointer. No matter how the vehicle turned, the pointer always pointed to the south. Zu also invented the 1,000-li Boat. The boat could travel about 100 li (50 kilometers) in a day. 1．Zu Chongzhi was most probably interested in ________ when he was young? A．Astronomy. B．Math. C．Natural science. D．Art. 2．What was Zu best famous for? A．Working out the value of pi. B．Daming Calendar. C．The invention of the 1,000-li Boat. D．A vehicle that carried a pointer. 3．What’s the main purpose of the text? A．To introduce the achievements in ancient China. B．To tell the stories about Zu Chongzhi and his son. C．To tell us about Zu Chongzhi’s great achievements. D．To tell us how Zu Chongzhi worked out the value of π. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? A． B． C． D． 主题06 人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） “Please don’t kill me.” This is what a girl said recently when she was hurt by a sea lion in California, US. Usually considered a friendly animal, many believe the sea lion went crazy because of algae (海藻). There is a toxin (毒素) in a harmful algae. According to the US National Marine Fisheries Service (NOAA Fisheries), more than 100 calls are made every day reporting sea lions and dolphins influenced by this toxin. John Warner, CEO of the Marine Mammal Care Center in Los Angeles, told the BBC that these animals don’t really attack people. “These animals do that because they are sick,” he said. For example, when sea lions are affected by the toxin, they often appear very tired and confused (混乱的). They might even get angry, reported The Guardian. The harmful algae grows fast when deep ocean water moves up to the surface. This brings nutrients (营养) that help the algae grow. Fish eat the algae and get the toxin, and when dolphins and sea lions eat those fish, they get sick. However, according to NOAA Fisheries, the harmful algae showed up earlier than usual .The outbreaks (爆发) also happen more often and are harder to see coming. This is because of climate change, noted The Guardian. Warmer weather and changing ocean conditions make it easier for the algae to grow. Moreover, some scientists also think wildfires in Los Angeles might play a role. Large wildfires have caused the ocean near the beach to have more nutrients. 1．Why does the text begin with the girl’s story? A．To raise the topic. B．To give us a lesson. C．To report the news. D．To make us afraid. 2．According to Paragraph 3, the sea lions attack people because of ________. A．loneliness B．sadness C．illness D．tiredness 3．How do dolphins and sea lions get the toxin according to Paragraph 4? A．By hurting the girl. B．By eating toxic fish. C．By touching algae. D．By drinking toxic water. 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The effect of warmer weather. B．The harm of the algae outbreaks. C．The results of large wildfires. D．The reasons for the algae outbreaks. Passage 2 （23-24八年级下·辽宁营口·期中） Jane Goodall is a famous scientist. For more than 40 years, Goodall had lived mostly in Tanzania in East Africa, studying chimpanzees (黑猩猩). As a young child, Jane Goodall was interested in animals. She grew up in the English countryside and was always climbing trees or riding horses. When Jane was 23, she got a chance to go to Africa. Even though she had never been to college, she got a job with a famous scientist named Louis Leakey. One day Louis Leakey said he needed a volunteer. He needed someone to go to a lake in Tanzania to study a kind of chimpanzees. Jane was excited. On July 16th, 1960, she began her exploration (探索). At first, the chimpanzees ran away from Jane. But with time passing, they got used to her being around. Every day, Jane would follow the chimpanzees, taking notes on their behaviors. She learned many new things about chimpanzees. She watched how a chimpanzee made a tool. She learned how some chimpanzees became good leaders. She watched how mother chimpanzees raised their children. She watched animals get angry and get upset. She wrote everything down so others would understand animals as she did. She learned that if you pay really close attention to animals, you will understand what they are “saying”. 1．Jane Goodall grew up in the ________. A．countryside B．city C．town D．college 2．How old was Jane Goodall when she went to Africa? ________ A．18. B．20. C．23. D．27. 3．Jane learned chimpanzees could ________. A．ride a horse B．follow her C．make a tool D．understand her 4．Jane ________ the chimpanzees’ behaviors to help others understand them. A．wrote down B．took pictures of C．made videos of D．drew pictures about Passage 3 （23-24八年级下·辽宁鞍山·期中） Drones (无人机) can be helpful in many fields. This year, a team of volunteers in the UK saved a dog in a special way. They used a drone and meat. How did that happen? On January 13th, Emma Oakes lost her dog Millie when they were out for a walk. Emma was very worried. She asked the team DDSAR for help. After about two hours, volunteers found Millie in a wetland. It was dangerous for Millie to stay there. The water was around her, and she might fall into it. The DDSAR used a drone to follow Millie. Also, some policemen came and tried to get close to Millie by boat and on foot. But Millie was very afraid of those men. They made Millie move farther away from the safe place, so they had to stop their work. Later, one of the volunteers thought of an idea. He said they could use meat dangling from the drone, and then help Millie get to a safe place. The other volunteers and the policemen agreed with him and decided to do it. Millie was very hungry and wanted to eat the meat. She followed the meat and left the wetland. Finally, Millie ran towards Emma. Everyone there was happy for them. Emma was thankful to all the volunteers and policemen for their hard work. The drone also played an important part in saying Millie. Emma said it was fantastic to get her dog back. 1．What happened to Emma Oakes? A．She got lost. B．She lost her dog. C．She lost her drone. D．She fell in a wetland. 2．The underlined word “dangling” means __________ in the passage. A．hanging B．sitting C．jumping D．flying 3．What is the right order of the following things? ①The volunteers found Millie in a wetland. ②Millie followed the meat and left the wetland. ③Emma Oakes went out for a walk with Millie. ④Some policemen came and tried to get close to Millie. A．①③④② B．②①④③ C．③①④② D．④①②③ 4．What’s the best title for this story? A．Use the drone. B．Save the dog. C．Follow the meat. D．Find the owner. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $