专题01 被动语态(期中复习讲义)八年级英语下学期新教材外研版

2026-04-01
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语外研版八年级下册
年级 八年级
章节 Unit 1 Career talks,Unit 2 Growing pains and gains
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-期中
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
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文件大小 234 KB
发布时间 2026-04-01
更新时间 2026-04-08
作者 zhi0122
品牌系列 上好课·考点大串讲
审核时间 2026-04-01
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专题01 被动语态(期中复习讲义) 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向,锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络,扫除知识盲区 知识点01 被动语态的定义与基本结构 知识点02 一般现在时的被动语态 知识点03 一般过去时的被动语态 知识点04 一般将来时的被动语态 知识点05  被动语态的特殊情况 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练,验收复习成效 考情透视·目标导航 常考题型 内容要点 命题趋势 单项选择 单词拼写 语法填空 句型转换 1. 不同时态下的被动语态; 2. 主动表被动的特殊用法; 3. 被动语态的特殊情况; 1. 语境化考查:不再孤立考查结构,而是将被动语态放入真实语境中,根据上下文判断语态和时态; 2. 时态混合考查:在一篇短文中,同时考查主动语态和不同时态的被动语态,要求能准确辨析; 3. 特殊情况考查:感官动词、使役动词、双宾语动词、短语动词的被动结构是易错点和高频考点。 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 被动语态的定义与基本结构 1. 定义: 英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 We clean the classroom every day. (主动:We是clean的执行者) The classroom is cleaned by us every day. (被动:The classroom是clean的承受者) 2. 基本结构: 主语 + be + 动词的过去分词 + (by + 动作执行者) (助动词be有人称、时态和数的变化)(done指的是动词的过去分词 ) 3. 解题技巧:判断是否使用被动语态的“三步法”: 找主语:确定句子的主语是谁。 找谓语:确定谓语动词是什么。 判关系:判断主语与谓语动词之间的关系是主动(主语做某事)还是被动(主语被做某事)。如果是被动,则使用被动语态。 He cleans the bedroom everyday. 主 谓 宾 其他 The bedroom is cleaned by him everyday. 主 谓(be done) 宾 其他 注意:在被动句中,如果需要说明动作是谁做的,用 by +执行者。如果执行者不重要、不明确或众所周知,可以省略。 解|题|技|巧 宾变主,主变宾,by短语后面跟 时态人称看主语,疑问否定be来变 4. 什么情况下用被动语态? (1)不知道动作的执行者 eg:The door is locked. (2)没必要指出动作的执行者 eg:The classroom is cleaned every morning. (3)强调动作的承受者 eg:Robert is invited to give a speech. 知识点02 一般现在时的被动语态 1. 结构: 主语 + am/is/are + 动词的过去分词 2. 用法: (1)表示经常性或习惯性的被动动作。(2)描述客观事实或普遍认知。 The sweet watermelon is always remembered by him The windows are cleaned by the "spidermen" safely. 3. 句式结构: 一般现在时 句子结构 例句 肯定句 A welcome party is held every September to welcome new students. 每年9月会举办一场迎新晚会欢迎新同学。 否定句 Window cleaning is not always considered a good job.擦窗户并不总被认为是份好差事。 疑问句 Is lunch served from 12 o'clock? Yes, it is.午餐是从12点开始供应吗? 特问句 How often are these flowers watered? 这些花多久浇一次水? 典例01 (24-25八年级下·湖南长沙·期中)Don’t play with the knife. It _______ cutting things. A.is using for B.is use for C.is used for 典例02 (跨学科·生物)阅读下面短文,根据上下文,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 Plants play an important role in nature. Through photosynthesis (光合作用), carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the air and water from the soil ______ (use) by plants to make food. Oxygen (氧气) ______ (produce) during this process. This is why forests ______ (call) the “lungs of the Earth”. 易|错|点|拨 当主语是第三人称单数时,be动词要用is,不要误用are。 The meeting is held in the school hall every Friday 即时检测 1.如今,在线课程被学生们广泛用于辅助他们的学习。 Nowadays, online courses ______ widely ______ by students to help with their studies. 2.Many tourists visit the Terracotta Army every year. (改为被动语态) The Terracotta Army ________ ________ by many tourists every year. 3. —When shall we go to watch Jiangsu Football City League(江苏省城市足球联赛)? —Not until the work________tomorrow. A.is finished B.will be finished C.will finish D.has finished 知识点03 一般过去时的被动语态 1. 结构: 主语 + was/were + 动词的过去分词 2. 用法: 表示过去某个时间发生的被动动作。 I checked and saw that a yellow band was attached to her wrist. 我仔细看了看,发现她手腕上戴着一个黄色手环。 I waited with her until she was taken home by a policewoman. 我一直着, 直到一位女警察把她送回家。 3. 句式结构 一般过去时 句子结构 例句 肯定句 He was allowed to watch TV. 他被允许看电视。 否定句 He wasn’t allowed to watch TV. 他不被允许看电视。 疑问句 Was he allowed to watch TV? 他被允许看电视吗? 特问句 What was he allowed to do? 他被允许做什么? 典例01 (24-25八年级下·江苏连云港·期中)All the runners ________ after they finished the marathon (马拉松) race. A.tired out B.were tied to C.were tired out D.are tiring out 典例02 (23-24八年级下·广东广州·期中)—Who ________ this book ________? —William Shakespeare. A.did, written by B.was, written C.did, write by D.was, written by 易|错|点|拨 本题的疑问词是who,因此需用by表示“被谁所写”,被动语态中动作的执行者需要用by引出,不可省略。 即时检测 1.—What happened to you? —I ________ by a car when I was walking across the street. A.hit B.was hit C.am hit D.hits 2.—When ________ the computer ________? —In the 1940s. A.is; invented B.was; invented C.did; invent D.has; been invented 3. These books ________ to children in need by the students yesterday. A.were sent B.are sent C.sent D.send 知识点04 一般将来时的被动语态 1. 结构: 主语 + will be + 动词的过去分词 或 主语 + am/is/are going to be + 动词的过去分词 2. 用法: 表示将要发生的被动动作。 1. All my days up high in the air will be kept in my memory. 2.Robert’s speech is going to be put on the internet. 3. 句式结构 一般将来时 句子结构 例句 肯定句 A new library is going to be built next year. 一座新的图书馆预计将在明年建成。 否定句 The old building will not be knocked down soon. 这座旧建筑短期内不会被拆除。 疑问句 Will the journey be filled with both challenges and joys? 这段旅程会充满挑战和喜悦吗? 特问句 When is the project going to be completed?这个项目什么时候能完成? 典例01 (23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期中)The meeting will ________ at 8 o’clock. A.be held B.hold C.takes place D.be taken place 典例02 (24-25·江苏·月考)It’s said that there _______ a football match next month. A.is B.has C.will be D.will be have 易|错|点|拨 在 “There be” 句型中,也可以使用被动语态表示“将有……被做”。 There will be a meeting held tomorrow. 明天将举行一场会议。 即时检测 1.The two young people are going to spend all the money on the new house. (改为被动语态) All the money ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ on the new house by the two young people. 2.我在空中度过的所有时光,都将永远珍藏在我的记忆里。 All my days up high in the air ________ ________ ________ forever and cherished in my memory. 3. The company will provide virtual tourism to the public.(改为被动语态) Virtual tourism ________ to the public by the company. 知识点05 被动语态特殊情况 1. 感官动词和使役动词的被动语态 在主动语态中,感官动词(see, hear, watch, feel, notice 等)和使役动词(make, let, have 等)后面接省略 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语。但变为被动语态时,必须还原 to。 主动: I saw him cross the road. 被动: He was seen to cross the road. 主动: The boss made the workers work for 12 hours. 被动: The workers were made to work for 12 hours. 2. 双宾语动词的被动语态 带有双宾语(间接宾语指人 + 直接宾语指物)的动词,如 give, show, pass, teach, tell, buy 等,变被动语态时有两种形式: (1)将间接宾语(人)变为主语,直接宾语保留。 (2)将直接宾语(物)变为主语,间接宾语前需加介词 to 或 for。 主动: My mother gave me a new bike. 被动1: I was given a new bike (by my mother). 被动2: A new bike was given to me (by my mother). 主动: She bought her son a toy. 被动1: Her son was bought a toy (by her). 被动2: A toy was bought for her son (by her). 易|错|点|拨 表示“给予”类动词(give, show, pass, tell, lend, offer 等),间接宾语前用 to。 表示“服务”类动词(buy, make, cook, get, draw 等),间接宾语前用 for。 3. 短语动词的被动语态 短语动词(动词 + 介词 / 副词)在变为被动语态时,要将其视为一个整体,不能丢掉后面的介词或副词。 主动: We look after the old man well. 被动: The old man is looked after well (by us). 主动: Someone turned on the light. 被动: The light was turned on (by someone). 4. 表示“据说/据报道”等的常用句型 在英语中,常用 “It + be + 过去分词 + that 从句” 的结构来表达人们的看法或普遍传闻。常考的有: (1)It is said that... 据说…… (2)It is reported that... 据报道…… (3)It is believed that... 人们相信…… (4)It is known that... 众所周知…… It is said that he is the best student in the school. 据说他是学校里最好的学生。 It is reported that a new park will be built here. 据报道,这里将建一座新公园。 典例01 (23-24八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中)Books _________ well during the book fair every year. A.sell B.sold C.are sold D.were sold 典例02 (23-24八年级下·广东广州·期中)Tom, can you see the leaves of flowers have already turned yellow? They need ________ now. A.to water B.watering C.being watered D.to been watered 典例03 (23-24八年级下·河北衡水·期中)The terrible accident ________ on March 21st, 2022. A.happens B.happened C.was happening D.will happen 易|错|点|拨 不及物动词,如happen, take place, smile, 没有被动语态。 即时检测 1. —Does she like singing English songs? —Yes. She ________ English songs in her room. A.is often heard sing B.is often heard to sing C.often hears singing D.often hears sing 2. It ________ that China ________ its first homemade aircraft carrier (国产航空母舰) in the water in Dalian on April 26, 2017. A.was reported, put B.was reported, was put C.reported, put D.reported, was put 3. A nice gift ______ my mother on her birthday. A. was given B. was given to C. gave D. gave to 考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练(测试时间:10分钟) 1.(24-25八年级下·湖南长沙·期中)I really like the furniture. This chair _______ wood. A.made of B.is made of C.is make of 2.(24-25八年级下·广东深圳·期中)—What can we do ________ the park? —Some rules should ________ to make the park clean. A.to protect; be made B.to protect; to make C.be protected; be made D.be protected; to make 3.(24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中)A large amount of rubbish ________ every day to protect the environment. A.collects by workers B.is collected by workers C.were collected yesterday D.has collected here 4.(24-25九年级下·山东淄博·期中)This kind of car ________ in China. A.makes B.made C.is making D.is made 5.(24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中)Knives are ________ cutting things. A.used to B.used for C.use to D.use for 6.(24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中)Many trees ________ to protect the environment so far. A.have planted B.are planted C.were planted D.have been planted 7.(24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中)Your homework ________ carefully before you hand it in. A.should check B.should be checking C.should be checked D.should checked 8. (24-25八年级下·江苏扬州·期中)London used to be ________ “Foggy City” because there were many foggy days. A.made B.called C.making D.calling 9.(25-26八年级上·天津和平·期中)Many tourists ________ the small town because of its beautiful environment. A.is drawn to B.are drawn to C.are draw to D.is draw to 10.(24-25七年级上·全国·课后作业)Family values can ________ from generation to generation. A.be passed down B.be passed by C.pass down D.pass by 11.(25-26八年级上·全国·随堂练习)Digital payment ________ widely in our daily life now—almost everyone uses it. A.uses B.is used C.used D.was used 12.(24-25七年级下·全国·单元测试)Our club was ________ by a group of students who shared the same hobby.​ A.found​ B.founded​ C.discovered​ D.started​ 13. (23-24八年级下·江苏苏州·期末)—Good news! Suzhou Rail Transit Line 6 ________ to be put into use soon. —That’s great! It will be easier to get to Suzhou Museum. A.expects B.is expected C.is expecting D.will expect 重难突破练(测试时间:20分钟) 一、完成句子。 1. (24-25八年级下·广东·期中)它是一种美丽的传统艺术形式。在中国,已经被人们练习了大约 1500年。 It is a beautiful traditional art form that ________ ________ ________ for about 1500 years in China. 2. (24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中)汤里应该加点盐。 Some salt ________ ________ ________ to the soup. 3. (24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中)捐赠活动的日期最终被定在了本周五下午。 Finally, the date for the donation event ______ ______ ______ this Friday afternoon. 4. (24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中)所以我在学校的各种社团里选定舞狮队。 So among all the clubs in our school, the lion dance team ________ ________ ________ ________. 5. (24-25八年级下·上海浦东新·期中)那个电工经常被看到先关闭电源再换电灯泡。 ________________ the electricity before he changes the bulb. 6. (24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中)很多老师和同学们受邀参加了这场活动,并且最终它取得了巨大的功。 Many teachers and students ________ ________ to take part in the activity, and it was a big success finally. 7. (24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中)昨晚警察抓住了那个小偷。 The thief ________ ________ by the police last night. 8. (24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中)上课前,我们必须交作业。 Homework ________ ________ ________ ________ before class. 9.(24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中)一切检查完毕后,动画片就准备好播放给大家欣赏了。 After everything has ________ ________, the cartoon is ready to be ________ for everyone to enjoy. 10. (2025·甘肃天水·一模)幸运的是,这场大火被及时扑灭了。 Luckily, the fire was ________ ________ in time. 11. (24-25八年级下·天津西青·期末)这本书在2009年出版。 This book ________ ________ in 2009. 12. (24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中)在中国文化中,老人应该受到很好的照顾。 The old people ________ ________ ________ ________ well in Chinese culture. 二、句型转换。 1. (24-25八年级下·上海·期中)Workers bury the wires under the ground. (改为被动语态) The wires ________ under the ground. 2. (25-26八年级上·上海徐汇·期中)The disease is spread by flies. (改为一般疑问句) ________ the disease ________ by flies? 3. (24-25八年级下·上海浦东新·期中)We used to call the thick wires cables.(改为被动语态) The thick wires ________ ________ cables in the past by us. 4. (24-25八年级下·上海·期中)Thomas didn’t throw the old magazines away yesterday. (改为被动语态) The old magazines ________ ________  away yesterday. 5. (23-24九年级上·上海虹口·期末)The president of the university gave some advice to the graduates. (改为被动语态) Some advice _________ _________ to the graduates by the president of the university. 综合拓展练(测试时间:10分钟) 1、 语法填空 阅读下面关于人工智能的短文,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 Artificial intelligence (AI)1. ______ (use) widely in many fields today. For example, in healthcare, AI systems 2.______ (train) to detect diseases from medical images. Last year, a new AI model 3.______ (develop) to help doctors diagnose cancer more quickly. In the near future, more smart hospitals4. ______ (build) with AI technology. However, some people worry that personal information 5.______ (not protect) well. Scientists believe that stronger laws 6.______ (must make) to ensure safety. 2、 短文填空 When I look at this picture of myself, I realise how fast time flies. About one month after this picture was taken, I became 1 primary school student. Around me in this picture are the things that 2 (be) very important in my life at that time: toy cars 3 planes. I enjoyed 4 (study) different kinds of cars and planes. This picture brings back to 5 (I) many happy memories of my childhood. Since I was a kid, I have considered different 6 (job) I would like to do. First, I wanted to be a fireman because the uniform looked so cool. Then when I was 7 the sixth grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher so much. When I entered middle school, my dream was to open a restaurant. I wished to have a chain of restaurants in many different cities. 8 I succeeded in managing one, I would 9 (probable) open more. Now I hope to be a surgeon. “That’s a much 10 (good) decision,” my parents say to me. I know I must try hard to make my dream come true. 3 / 3 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 专题01 被动语态(期中复习讲义) 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向,锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络,扫除知识盲区 知识点01 被动语态的定义与基本结构 知识点02 一般现在时的被动语态 知识点03 一般过去时的被动语态 知识点04 一般将来时的被动语态 知识点05  被动语态的特殊情况 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练,验收复习成效 考情透视·目标导航 常考题型 内容要点 命题趋势 单项选择 单词拼写 语法填空 句型转换 1. 不同时态下的被动语态; 2. 主动表被动的特殊用法; 3. 被动语态的特殊情况; 1. 语境化考查:不再孤立考查结构,而是将被动语态放入真实语境中,根据上下文判断语态和时态; 2. 时态混合考查:在一篇短文中,同时考查主动语态和不同时态的被动语态,要求能准确辨析; 3. 特殊情况考查:感官动词、使役动词、双宾语动词、短语动词的被动结构是易错点和高频考点。 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 被动语态的定义与基本结构 1. 定义: 英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 We clean the classroom every day. (主动:We是clean的执行者) The classroom is cleaned by us every day. (被动:The classroom是clean的承受者) 2. 基本结构: 主语 + be + 动词的过去分词 + (by + 动作执行者) (助动词be有人称、时态和数的变化)(done指的是动词的过去分词 ) 3. 解题技巧:判断是否使用被动语态的“三步法”: 找主语:确定句子的主语是谁。 找谓语:确定谓语动词是什么。 判关系:判断主语与谓语动词之间的关系是主动(主语做某事)还是被动(主语被做某事)。如果是被动,则使用被动语态。 He cleans the bedroom everyday. 主 谓 宾 其他 The bedroom is cleaned by him everyday. 主 谓(be done) 宾 其他 注意:在被动句中,如果需要说明动作是谁做的,用 by +执行者。如果执行者不重要、不明确或众所周知,可以省略。 解|题|技|巧 宾变主,主变宾,by短语后面跟 时态人称看主语,疑问否定be来变 4. 什么情况下用被动语态? (1)不知道动作的执行者 eg:The door is locked. (2)没必要指出动作的执行者 eg:The classroom is cleaned every morning. (3)强调动作的承受者 eg:Robert is invited to give a speech. 知识点02 一般现在时的被动语态 1. 结构: 主语 + am/is/are + 动词的过去分词 2. 用法: (1)表示经常性或习惯性的被动动作。(2)描述客观事实或普遍认知。 The sweet watermelon is always remembered by him The windows are cleaned by the "spidermen" safely. 3. 句式结构: 一般现在时 句子结构 例句 肯定句 主语+am/is/are+done+… A welcome party is held every September to welcome new students. 每年9月会举办一场迎新晚会欢迎新同学。 否定句 主语+am/is/are not+done+… Window cleaning is not always considered a good job.擦窗户并不总被认为是份好差事。 疑问句 Am/Is/Are+主语+done+…? Is lunch served from 12 o'clock? Yes, it is.午餐是从12点开始供应吗? 特问句 特殊疑问句+am/is/are+主语+done+…? How often are these flowers watered? 这些花多久浇一次水? 典例01 (24-25八年级下·湖南长沙·期中)Don’t play with the knife. It _______ cutting things. A.is using for B.is use for C.is used for 【答案】C 【知识点】use、一般现在时的被动语态 【详解】句意:不要玩那把刀。它是用来切东西的。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。use使用。根据“It...cutting things.”可知,此处是在陈述事实,所以时态为一般 现在时,该句主语It指代knife,和谓语动词use之间是被动关系,所以谓语动词应用一般现在时的被动语 态,结构为am/is/are+动词的过去分词,且主语为第三人称单数。故选C。 典例02 (跨学科·生物)阅读下面短文,根据上下文,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 Plants play an important role in nature. Through photosynthesis (光合作用), carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the air and water from the soil ______ (use) by plants to make food. Oxygen (氧气) ______ (produce) during this process. This is why forests ______ (call) the “lungs of the Earth”. 【答案与解析】 1. are used 解析: 句意:空气中的二氧化碳和土壤中的水被植物用来制造食物。主语 “carbon dioxide and water” 是复数,与 “use” 之间是被动关系,且描述一般科学事实,故用一般现在时的被动语态 “are used”。 2. is produced 解析: 句意:在这个过程中,氧气被产生出来。主语 “Oxygen” 是不可数名词,视为单数,与 “produce” 之间是被动关系,故用 “is produced”。 3. are called 解析: 句意:这就是为什么森林被称为“地球之肺”。主语 “forests” 是复数,与 “call” 之间是被动关系,表示普遍认知,故用 “are called”。 易|错|点|拨 当主语是第三人称单数时,be动词要用is,不要误用are。 The meeting is held in the school hall every Friday 即时检测 1.如今,在线课程被学生们广泛用于辅助他们的学习。 Nowadays, online courses ______ widely ______ by students to help with their studies. 【答案】 are used 【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“被广泛用于”。句子描述持续的现状,时态为一般现在时;“被使用”用被动语态“be done”表达,use“使用”的过去分词为used,主语“online courses”为复数,be动词用are。故填are;used。 2.Many tourists visit the Terracotta Army every year. (改为被动语态) The Terracotta Army ________ ________ by many tourists every year. 【答案】 is visited 【详解】句意:每年许多游客参观兵马俑。原句的时态为一般现在时,visit是谓语动词。一般现在时的被动语态的谓语结构为“is/am/are+done”,此处的主语The Terracotta Army是一个整体,be动词应用is,visit的过去分词为visited。 3. —When shall we go to watch Jiangsu Football City League(江苏省城市足球联赛)? —Not until the work________tomorrow. A.is finished B.will be finished C.will finish D.has finished 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——我们什么时候去看江苏省城市足球联赛?——直到明天工作完成。 考查时态和语态。is finished一般现在时的被动语态;will be finished一般将来时的被动语态;will finish一般将来时的主动语态;has finished现在完成时的主动语态。主句“Not until...”是省略结构,相当于“We shall not go until...”,在时间状语从句中,需用一般现在时表示将来,且“工作”与“完成”之间是被动关系,故用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。 知识点03 一般过去时的被动语态 1. 结构: 主语 + was/were + 动词的过去分词 2. 用法: 表示过去某个时间发生的被动动作。 I checked and saw that a yellow band was attached to her wrist. 我仔细看了看,发现她手腕上戴着一个黄色手环。 I waited with her until she was taken home by a policewoman. 我一直着, 直到一位女警察把她送回家。 3. 句式结构 一般过去时 句子结构 例句 肯定句 主语+was/were+done+… He was allowed to watch TV. 他被允许看电视。 否定句 主语+was/werer not+done… He wasn’t allowed to watch TV. 他不被允许看电视。 疑问句 Was/Were+主语+done… Was he allowed to watch TV? 他被允许看电视吗? 特问句 特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+done… What was he allowed to do? 他被允许做什么? 典例01 (24-25八年级下·江苏连云港·期中)All the runners ________ after they finished the marathon (马拉松) race. A.tired out B.were tied to C.were tired out D.are tiring out 【答案】C 【知识点】一般过去时的被动语态、动词短语 【详解】句意:马拉松比赛结束后,所有的跑者都筋疲力尽了。 考查短语辨析。tired out使筋疲力尽;were tied to被绑定到;were tired out筋疲力尽的;are tiring out累了, 时态错误。根据“All the runners…after they finished the marathon (马拉松) race.”可知此处描述的是跑步者的状 态是“筋疲力尽的”,需要用被动,故选C。 典例02 (23-24八年级下·广东广州·期中)—Who ________ this book ________? —William Shakespeare. A.did, written by B.was, written C.did, write by D.was, written by 【答案】D 【知识点】一般过去时的被动语态 【详解】句意:——谁写的这本书?——William Shakespeare。 考查被动语态。“this book”与“write”之间存在被动关系,需用结构be done;疑问词是who,因此需用by表 示“被谁所写”(被动语态中动作的执行者需要用by引出)。故选D。 易|错|点|拨 本题的疑问词是who,因此需用by表示“被谁所写”,被动语态中动作的执行者需要用by引出,不可省略。 即时检测 1.—What happened to you? —I ________ by a car when I was walking across the street. A.hit B.was hit C.am hit D.hits 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——你怎么了?——我过马路的时候被车撞了。 考查被动语态。根据“I...by a car when I was walking across the street.”可知,主语是动作的承受者,应该使用被动语态,从句时态为过去进行时,此处要用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。 2.—When ________ the computer ________? —In the 1940s. A.is; invented B.was; invented C.did; invent D.has; been invented 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——电脑是何时被发明的?——在20世纪40年代。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“In the 1940s.”可知,时态为一般过去时;“the computer”和“invent”是被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were+过去分词”,问句为特殊疑问句,be动词置于主语前面。故选B。 3. These books ________ to children in need by the students yesterday. A.were sent B.are sent C.sent D.send 【答案】A 【详解】句意:这些书昨天被学生们送给了有需要的孩子。 根据yesterday可知用一般过去时,主语books是动作的承受者,用被动语态,应填were sent。 知识点04 一般将来时的被动语态 1. 结构: 主语 + will be + 动词的过去分词 或 主语 + am/is/are going to be + 动词的过去分词 2. 用法: 表示将要发生的被动动作。 1. All my days up high in the air will be kept in my memory. 2.Robert’s speech is going to be put on the internet. 3. 句式结构 一般将来时 句子结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + will be + done… 主语 + am/is/are going to be + done… A new library is going to be built next year. 一座新的图书馆预计将在明年建成。 否定句 主语 + will not be + done… 主语 + am/is/are not going to be + done The old building will not be knocked down soon. 这座旧建筑短期内不会被拆除。 疑问句 Will + 主语 + will be + done… Am/Is/Are +主语 + going to be + done? Will the journey be filled with both challenges and joys? 这段旅程会充满挑战和喜悦吗? 特问句 特殊疑问词 + will + 主语 + will be + done… 特殊疑问词 + am/is/are +主语 + going to be + done? When is the project going to be completed?这个项目什么时候能完成? 典例01 (23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期中)The meeting will ________ at 8 o’clock. A.be held B.hold C.takes place D.be taken place 【答案】A 【知识点】hold(held held)、take place、动词辨析、一般将来时的被动语态 【详解】句意:会议将在8点举行。 考查被动语态。be held被举行(被动语态);hold举行(动词原形);takes place发生(主动形式,主语应 为事件);be taken place错误表达(take place通常不用被动语态)。根据主语“The meeting”和谓语“hold” 可知,此处表示“会议被举行”,构成被动关系,用be held符合语境。故选A。 典例02 (24-25·江苏·月考)It’s said that there _______ a football match next month. A.is B.has C.will be D.will be have 【答案】C 【知识点】一般将来时的被动语态 【详解】句意:据说下个月将有一场足球比赛。There be句型的将来时态,需将be变成is/are going to be或 者will be。故选C。 易|错|点|拨 在 “There be” 句型中,也可以使用被动语态表示“将有……被做”。 There will be a meeting held tomorrow. 明天将举行一场会议。 即时检测 1.The two young people are going to spend all the money on the new house. (改为被动语态) All the money ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ on the new house by the two young people. 【答案】 is going to be spent 【详解】句意:这两个年轻人打算把所有的钱都花在新房子上。原句是“be going to +动词原形”结构的一般将来时主动语态,改为被动语态时,需将主动句的宾语“all the money”作为被动句的主语,因“all the money”是不可数名词,对应的be动词用is,同时将主动语态的“spend”变为被动结构“be going to be +过去分词”,spend的过去分词是spent。故填is;going;to;be;spent。 2.我在空中度过的所有时光,都将永远珍藏在我的记忆里。 All my days up high in the air ________ ________ ________ forever and cherished in my memory. 【答案】 will be kept 【详解】原句中“都将永远珍藏”是关键信息,表示“将被珍藏”的被动语态结构是will be kept,故填will;be;kept。 3. The company will provide virtual tourism to the public.(改为被动语态) Virtual tourism ________ to the public by the company. 【答案】will be provided 【详解】句意:该公司将向公众提供虚拟旅游。题目要求主动语态变成被动语态,则原宾语virtual tourism要变成主语,将来时态不变,将来时被动语态的谓语动词结构为“will be+过去分词”。故填will be provided。 知识点05 被动语态特殊情况 1. 感官动词和使役动词的被动语态 在主动语态中,感官动词(see, hear, watch, feel, notice 等)和使役动词(make, let, have 等)后面接省略 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语。但变为被动语态时,必须还原 to。 主动: I saw him cross the road. 被动: He was seen to cross the road. 主动: The boss made the workers work for 12 hours. 被动: The workers were made to work for 12 hours. 2. 双宾语动词的被动语态 带有双宾语(间接宾语指人 + 直接宾语指物)的动词,如 give, show, pass, teach, tell, buy 等,变被动语态时有两种形式: (1)将间接宾语(人)变为主语,直接宾语保留。 (2)将直接宾语(物)变为主语,间接宾语前需加介词 to 或 for。 主动: My mother gave me a new bike. 被动1: I was given a new bike (by my mother). 被动2: A new bike was given to me (by my mother). 主动: She bought her son a toy. 被动1: Her son was bought a toy (by her). 被动2: A toy was bought for her son (by her). 易|错|点|拨 表示“给予”类动词(give, show, pass, tell, lend, offer 等),间接宾语前用 to。 表示“服务”类动词(buy, make, cook, get, draw 等),间接宾语前用 for。 3. 短语动词的被动语态 短语动词(动词 + 介词 / 副词)在变为被动语态时,要将其视为一个整体,不能丢掉后面的介词或副词。 主动: We look after the old man well. 被动: The old man is looked after well (by us). 主动: Someone turned on the light. 被动: The light was turned on (by someone). 4. 表示“据说/据报道”等的常用句型 在英语中,常用 “It + be + 过去分词 + that 从句” 的结构来表达人们的看法或普遍传闻。常考的有: (1)It is said that... 据说…… (2)It is reported that... 据报道…… (3)It is believed that... 人们相信…… (4)It is known that... 众所周知…… It is said that he is the best student in the school. 据说他是学校里最好的学生。 It is reported that a new park will be built here. 据报道,这里将建一座新公园。 典例01 (23-24八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中)Books _________ well during the book fair every year. A.sell B.sold C.are sold D.were sold 【答案】A 【知识点】主动表被动 【详解】句意:图书在每年的书展上卖得很好。 考查主动表被动。根据“…well during the book fair every year”可知表示书卖得好,是描述主语的特征的不及 物动词,可用主动表示被动意义,由“every year”可知时态为一般现在时,故选A。 典例02 (23-24八年级下·广东广州·期中)Tom, can you see the leaves of flowers have already turned yellow? They need ________ now. A.to water B.watering C.being watered D.to been watered 【答案】B 【知识点】need doing sth.、主动表被动 【详解】句意:汤姆,你能看到树叶已经变黄了吗?它们现在需要浇水了。 考查主动表被动的用法。根据“can you see the leaves of flowers have already turned yellow? They need”可知此处表示花需要浇水,用结构need doing=need to be done“需要被……”。故选B。 典例03 (23-24八年级下·河北衡水·期中)The terrible accident ________ on March 21st, 2022. A.happens B.happened C.was happening D.will happen 【答案】B 【知识点】无被动语态情况、过去发生的动作/状态 【详解】句意:这场可怕的交通事故发生在2022年3月21日。 考查动词的时态和语态。根据“The terrible accident…on March 21st, 2022.”可知,这里表示一个过去的时间,所以时态用一般过去时;happen发生,为不及物动词,不能用被动语态。故选B。 易|错|点|拨 不及物动词,如happen, take place, smile, 没有被动语态。 即时检测 1. —Does she like singing English songs? —Yes. She ________ English songs in her room. A.is often heard sing B.is often heard to sing C.often hears singing D.often hears sing 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——她喜欢唱英文歌吗?——是的。她经常被听到在她的房间里唱英文歌。 考查被动语态和动词不定式。根据句意,主语“她”是被听到唱歌,需用被动语态“be heard”,且被动语态中“hear”后应接不定式“to sing”。故选B。 2. It ________ that China ________ its first homemade aircraft carrier (国产航空母舰) in the water in Dalian on April 26, 2017. A.was reported, put B.was reported, was put C.reported, put D.reported, was put 【答案】A 【详解】句意:据报道,中国于2017年4月26日在大连将其第一艘国产航空母舰下水。 考查动词时态、语态及句型结构。第一空:主语“It”指代后文“that…”从句的内容,常用“It is/was reported that…”(据报道……)的被动结构,故用was reported。第二空:从句主语“China”与动词“put”之间是主动关系(中国使航母下水),且动作发生在过去(2017年4月26日),应用一般过去时的主动语态put。故选A。 3. A nice gift ______ my mother on her birthday. A. was given B. was given to C. gave D. gave to 【答案】 B 【解析】 句意:我妈妈生日那天,有人送给她一份精美的礼物。主语 “A nice gift” 与 “give” 是被动关系,且表示“送给某人”,需用 “give sth. to sb.” 的被动结构 “sth. be given to sb.”。故选 B。 考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练(测试时间:10分钟) 1.(24-25八年级下·湖南长沙·期中)I really like the furniture. This chair _______ wood. A.made of B.is made of C.is make of 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我真的很喜欢这件家具。这把椅子是用木头做的。 考查被动语态。根据“This chair...wood.”可知,此处表示这把椅子是用木头做的,应使用被动语态,其构成 为主语+be动词+过去分词。故选B。 2.(24-25八年级下·广东深圳·期中)—What can we do ________ the park? —Some rules should ________ to make the park clean. A.to protect; be made B.to protect; to make C.be protected; be made D.be protected; to make 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——我们能做些什么保护公园呢?——应该制定一些规则来使公园干净。 考查动词不定式和被动语态。根据“What can we do”可知,“我们做什么”目的是保护公园,动词不定式作目 的状语,排除C、D;第二句中“rules”和“make”之间是被动关系,即“规则被制定”,应用被动语态,其结构 是“be+done”,should是情态动词,后面用原形be。故选A。 3.(24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中)A large amount of rubbish ________ every day to protect the environment. A.collects by workers B.is collected by workers C.were collected yesterday D.has collected here 【答案】B 【详解】句意:工人们每天收集大量的垃圾来保护环境。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“A large amount of rubbish…every day to protect the environment.”可知,句 子为一般现在时,主语“A large amount of rubbish”为不可数名词,谓语动词应用三单;并且句子表达大量的 垃圾被收集,主语与谓语之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,结构为is done。故选B。 4.(24-25九年级下·山东淄博·期中)This kind of car ________ in China. A.makes B.made C.is making D.is made 【答案】D 【详解】句意:这款车是在中国制造。 考查动词时态和语态。makes制造,一般现在时;made制造,一般过去时;is making正在制造,现在进行 时;is made被制造,一般现在时的被动语态。根据“This kind of car...in China.”可知,此次表示这款车是在 中国制造的,主语This kind of car和谓语make是被动关系,需用一般现在时的被动语态be done。故选D。 5.(24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中)Knives are ________ cutting things. A.used to B.used for C.use to D.use for 【答案】B 【详解】句意:刀是用来切东西的。 考查动词短语和被动语态。be used to do sth.“被用来做某事”;be used for doing sth.“被用来做某事”。主语 “Knives”和动词use是被动关系,“are”后接过去分词used构成被动语态,排除选项C和D;空后为动名词, 应用短语be used for doing sth.。故选B。 6.(24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中)Many trees ________ to protect the environment so far. A.have planted B.are planted C.were planted D.have been planted 【答案】D 【详解】句意:到目前为止,已经种了许多树来保护环境。 考查时态和语态。根据so far可知,此句时态是现在完成时,trees与plant之间是动宾关系,因此用被动语 态。故选D。 7.(24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中)Your homework ________ carefully before you hand it in. A.should check B.should be checking C.should be checked D.should checked 【答案】C 【详解】句意:你交作业前应该仔细检查一下。 考查被动语态。主语The homework和谓语check之间是被动关系,空前有情态动词,故此处用含有情态动 词的被动语态should be done。故选C。 8. (24-25八年级下·江苏扬州·期中)London used to be ________ “Foggy City” because there were many foggy days. A.made B.called C.making D.calling 【答案】B 【详解】句意:伦敦过去被称为“雾都”,因为有很多雾天。 考查动词辨析和被动语态。 call称作;make制作,使。根据“‘Foggy City’ because there were many foggy days” 可知,被称为“雾都”。主语为London,与动词call是动宾关系,用被动语态。故选B。 9.(25-26八年级上·天津和平·期中)Many tourists ________ the small town because of its beautiful environment. A.is drawn to B.are drawn to C.are draw to D.is draw to 【答案】B 【详解】句意:许多游客被吸引到这个小城镇,因为它的美丽环境。 考查主谓一致和被动语态。此处表示“游客被吸引”,因此需用一般现在时的被动语态结构(be+done),主 语“Many tourists”为复数名词,需用复数be动词“are”;“drawn”是draw的过去分词,构成被动语态“be drawn to”(被吸引)。故选B。 10.(24-25七年级上·全国·课后作业)Family values can ________ from generation to generation. A.be passed down B.be passed by C.pass down D.pass by 【答案】A 【详解】句意:家庭价值观可以代代相传。 考查动词短语及语态。pass down使流传;pass by路过。根据“Family values can ... from generation to generation” 可知,此处指的是将家庭价值观流传下去,应该用pass down,主语与pass down是被动关系,应该用含情 态动词的被动语态can be done。故选A。 11.(25-26八年级上·全国·随堂练习)Digital payment ________ widely in our daily life now—almost everyone uses it. A.uses B.is used C.used D.was used 【答案】B 【详解】句意:数字支付在我们的日常生活中被广泛使用——几乎每个人都使用它。 考查被动语态和现在时态。uses使用,一般现在时态,主动语态;is used一般现在时态,被动语态;used 一般过去时态,主动语态;was used一般过去时态,被动语态。根据主语“Digital payment”,可知其为单数, 且由“now”可知为现在时,需用现在时的被动语态“is used”。故选B。 12.(24-25七年级下·全国·单元测试)Our club was ________ by a group of students who shared the same hobby.​ A.found​ B.founded​ C.discovered​ D.started​ 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我们俱乐部是由有共同爱好的一群学生创立的。 考查动词。found发现;founded被创立,“be founded by...”表示 “由……创立”;discovered发现;started创 办,在表示 “创办” 时,较为口语化。根据“Our club was … by a group of students”可知,此处主语是俱乐部, 在正式表达组织成立时,“founded” 更为合适。故选B。 13. (23-24八年级下·江苏苏州·期末)—Good news! Suzhou Rail Transit Line 6 ________ to be put into use soon. —That’s great! It will be easier to get to Suzhou Museum. A.expects B.is expected C.is expecting D.will expect 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——好消息!苏州轨道交通6号线预计不久将投入使用。——太好了!去苏州博物馆将更 容易了。考查时态和语态。本句主语“Suzhou Rail Transit Line 6”与谓语动词有逻辑上的动宾关系,结合 expect“期望”本身暗含将来,所以此处用一般现在时的被动语态“is/ am/are done”表达,主语为第三人称单数, be动词用is。故选B。 重难突破练(测试时间:20分钟) 一、完成句子。 1. (24-25八年级下·广东·期中)它是一种美丽的传统艺术形式。在中国,已经被人们练习了大约 1500年。 It is a beautiful traditional art form that ________ ________ ________ for about 1500 years in China. 【答案】 has been practised/practiced 【详解】根据中英文句子可知,空处填“已经被练习了”,练习:practise/practice,与a beautiful traditional art form之间是被动关系,所以空处应是现在完成时的被动形式have/has been done,主语为单数形式,助动词用has,故填has;been;practised/practiced。 2. (24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中)汤里应该加点盐。 Some salt ________ ________ ________ to the soup. 【答案】 should be added 【详解】对比中英文可知,空处缺少“应该”,其英文表达为should;“加”,其英文表达为add;句子应用should be+动词的过去分词,add的过去分词为added。故填should;be;added。 3. (24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中)捐赠活动的日期最终被定在了本周五下午。 Finally, the date for the donation event ______ ______ ______ this Friday afternoon. 【答案】 was set for 【详解】据句意可知,此处表示“被定在”,用短语“be set for”,句子描述的是过去发生的事情,且主语“the date”是单数,所以be动词用过去式“was”。故填was;set;for。 4. (24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中)所以我在学校的各种社团里选定舞狮队。 So among all the clubs in our school, the lion dance team ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 was chosen by me 【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“我选定了舞狮队”,动作是“选定”。英文句子主语是“the lion dance team”,因此需要用被动语态表达“舞狮队被我选定”,其结构为be done,因为主语the lion dance team是单数,结合语境可知,该句为一般过去时,be动词用was;chosen为过去分词,表示“被选定”。 by是介词,引出动作执行者;me是代词,表示“我”,为动作执行者。即the lion dance team was chosen by me。故填was;chosen;by;me。 5. (24-25八年级下·上海浦东新·期中)那个电工经常被看到先关闭电源再换电灯泡。 ________________ the electricity before he changes the bulb. 【答案】The electrician is often seen to turn off 【详解】根据中英文对照可知,空处缺少了“那个电工经常被看到”,the electrician“电工”,be often seen to do sth“经常被看到做某事”,时态为一般现在时,主语the electrician为单数,be动词用is,turn off“关闭”,用动词原形。故填The electrician is often seen to turn off。 6. (24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中)很多老师和同学们受邀参加了这场活动,并且最终它取得了巨大的功。 Many teachers and students ________ ________ to take part in the activity, and it was a big success finally. 【答案】 were invited 【详解】根据中英文对照可知,空格处意思是“受邀”,即“被邀请”,要用被动语态,英文表达是“be invited”;句子描述过去的事情,主语“Many teachers and students”是复数,be动词用were,故填were;invited。 7. (24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中)昨晚警察抓住了那个小偷。 The thief ________ ________ by the police last night. 【答案】 was caught 【详解】根据“last night”可知,事情发生在昨晚,用一般过去时;catch意为“抓住”,主语thief与动词catch之间为被动关系,因此本句为一般过去时的被动语态,谓语结构为“was/were+过去分词”;主语thief为单数,应用was,catch的过去分词为caught。故填was;caught。 8. (24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中)上课前,我们必须交作业。 Homework ________ ________ ________ ________ before class. 【答案】 must be handed in 【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处应用被动语态,must“必须”,情态动词,此处后应用be done,hand in“上交”,动词短语,其过去分词为handed。故填must;be;handed;in。 9.(24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中)一切检查完毕后,动画片就准备好播放给大家欣赏了。 After everything has ________ ________, the cartoon is ready to be ________ for everyone to enjoy. 【答案】 been checked played 【详解】根据中英文对照可知,空处缺少“检查”和“播放”,第一空和第二空,check“检查”,根据“After everything has ...”可知,句子时态为现在完成时,check的过去分词为checked,everything与check是被动关系,即被检查,要用现在完成时的被动语态has been checked;第三空,play“播放”,cartoon与play是被动关系,即卡通被播放,要用play的过去分词played,与be构成被动语态be played。故填been;checked;played。 10. (2025·甘肃天水·一模)幸运的是,这场大火被及时扑灭了。 Luckily, the fire was ________ ________ in time. 【答案】 put out 【详解】put out“扑灭”,动词短语,此处表示被动,用put的过去分词put。故填put;out。 11. (24-25八年级下·天津西青·期末)这本书在2009年出版。 This book ________ ________ in 2009. 【答案】 was published 【详解】对照中英文可知,缺少“出版”,用动词publish。根据“in 2009”可知,此句时态为一般过去时,且主语“This book”和动词publish是逻辑上的动宾关系,用一般过去时态的被动语态,结构为was/were don。主语为单数的“This book”,be动词用was;publish的过去分词为published。故填was;published。 12. (24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中)在中国文化中,老人应该受到很好的照顾。 The old people ________ ________ ________ ________ well in Chinese culture. 【答案】 should be looked after 【详解】据句意可知,此处表示“老人应该受到很好的照顾”,其中“应该”用情态动词“should”来表达;“受到很好的照顾”则使用被动语态“be looked after”,因为老人是“被照顾”的对象。故填should;be;looked;after。 二、句型转换。 1. (24-25八年级下·上海·期中)Workers bury the wires under the ground. (改为被动语态) The wires ________ under the ground. 【答案】are buried 【详解】句意:工人们把电线埋在地下。被动语态的结构为“be + 过去分词”,句子时态为一般现在时,主语为“The wires”,be动词用are。故填are buried。 2. (25-26八年级上·上海徐汇·期中)The disease is spread by flies. (改为一般疑问句) ________ the disease ________ by flies? 【答案】 Is spread 【详解】句意:这种疾病是由苍蝇传播的。改为一般疑问句,应把助动词is提至主语“the disease”前,其后接过去分词spread,且位于句首,首字母要大写。故填Is;spread。 3. (24-25八年级下·上海浦东新·期中)We used to call the thick wires cables.(改为被动语态) The thick wires ________ ________ cables in the past by us. 【答案】 were called 【详解】句意:我们过去常把粗电线称为电缆。根据“used to call”可知,原句是一般过去时,其被动语态的结构为“was/were+过去分词”,主语“The thick wires”是复数,be动词用were,call的过去分词是called。故填were;called。 4. (24-25八年级下·上海·期中)Thomas didn’t throw the old magazines away yesterday. (改为被动语态) The old magazines ________ ________  away yesterday. 【答案】 weren’t thrown 【详解】句意:托马斯昨天没有扔掉旧杂志。原句是一般过去时的否定句,the old magazines是动词throw的承受者,构成被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态was/were+过去分词,主语是复数,此处应用否定形式weren’t,throw的过去分词是thrown。故填weren’t;thrown。 5. (23-24九年级上·上海虹口·期末)The president of the university gave some advice to the graduates. (改为被动语态) Some advice _________ _________ to the graduates by the president of the university. 【答案】 was given 【详解】句意:大学校长给毕业生们提了一些建议。主语“Some advice”是动作“give”的承受者,时态是一般过去时,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,advice是不可数名词,be动词用was。故填was;given。 综合拓展练(测试时间:10分钟) 1、 语法填空 阅读下面关于人工智能的短文,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 Artificial intelligence (AI)1. ______ (use) widely in many fields today. For example, in healthcare, AI systems 2.______ (train) to detect diseases from medical images. Last year, a new AI model 3.______ (develop) to help doctors diagnose cancer more quickly. In the near future, more smart hospitals4. ______ (build) with AI technology. However, some people worry that personal information 5.______ (not protect) well. Scientists believe that stronger laws 6.______ (must make) to ensure safety. 【答案】1.is used;2.are trained;3.was developed;4.will be built;5.is not protected;6.must be made 【解析】 本题混合考查多种时态的被动语态:一般现在时(描述现状)、一般过去时(过去的具体成就)、一般将来时(未来计划)、情态动词被动(必须被制定)。学生需根据时间状语和语境判断时态。第一个空,根据today可以判断应使用一般现在时的被动语态。第二空,根据上文,这句也是在陈述具体情况,故依然使用一般现在时。第三空,根据last year判断,这个空应使用一般过去时的被动语态。第四空,根据in the near future,可判断应使用一般将来时的被动。第五空,根据上文worry,可以判断这里要使用一般现在时的被动。第六空,根据must可判断这里是含有情态动词的被动语态。 2、 短文填空 When I look at this picture of myself, I realise how fast time flies. About one month after this picture was taken, I became 1 primary school student. Around me in this picture are the things that 2 (be) very important in my life at that time: toy cars 3 planes. I enjoyed 4 (study) different kinds of cars and planes. This picture brings back to 5 (I) many happy memories of my childhood. Since I was a kid, I have considered different 6 (job) I would like to do. First, I wanted to be a fireman because the uniform looked so cool. Then when I was 7 the sixth grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher so much. When I entered middle school, my dream was to open a restaurant. I wished to have a chain of restaurants in many different cities. 8 I succeeded in managing one, I would 9 (probable) open more. Now I hope to be a surgeon. “That’s a much 10 (good) decision,” my parents say to me. I know I must try hard to make my dream come true. 【答案】 1.a 2.were 3.and 4.studying 5.me 6.jobs 7.in 8.If 9.probably 10.better 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者从童年到现在的未来职业梦想的变化历程,以及父母对自己梦想的支持。 1.句意:在这张照片拍摄后大约一个月,我成了一名小学生。student是可数名词单数,表泛指“一名”,且primary以辅音音素开头,需用不定冠词a。 2.句意:在这张照片中,我周围是当时在我生活中非常重要的东西:玩具汽车和飞机。先行词things是复数,在定语从句中作主语,且时态为一般过去时,所以be动词用were。 3.句意:在这张照片中,我周围是当时在我生活中非常重要的东西:玩具汽车和飞机。toy cars和planes是并列关系,用连词and连接。 4.句意:我喜欢研究不同种类的汽车和飞机。enjoy后接动名词作宾语,enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事”,固定搭配。 5.句意:这张照片让我回想起童年的许多快乐回忆。介词to后接人称代词的宾格形式,I的宾格是me。 6.句意:从小我就考虑过我想做的不同的工作。different后接可数名词复数,job的复数形式是jobs。 7.句意:然后当我在六年级的时候,我想成为一名老师,因为我非常喜欢我的英语老师。“在几年级”用介词in,固定搭配。 8.句意:如果我成功经营了一家餐厅,我可能会开更多。此处用if引导条件状语从句,表“如果”,句首单词首字母大写。 9.句意:如果我成功经营了一家餐厅,我可能会开更多。动词open需用副词修饰,probable的副词形式是probably。 10.句意:“那是个更好的决定,”我父母对我说。much后接形容词比较级,good的比较级是better。 3 / 3 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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专题01 被动语态(期中复习讲义)八年级英语下学期新教材外研版
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专题01 被动语态(期中复习讲义)八年级英语下学期新教材外研版
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专题01 被动语态(期中复习讲义)八年级英语下学期新教材外研版
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