Unit 10 Section 2 “How Closely Connected Are We？”-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册教师用书word（北师大版）

Section 2　 “How Closely Connected Are We？” 的课文习读环节 课时目标 1.细读文章，了解“六度分隔”理论形成的原因、过程及特点。 2.深入阅读，获取具体信息，并进行推理。 3.运用与话题相关的语言知识，对人们之间的联系以及理论带给人们生活的影响进行评价。 泛读课文，完成以下学习任务 (一)理清文脉结构 (二)把握主旨大意 1．What's the main idea of the text? A．Explaining the number of people's connections. B．Analysing the causes of the “Six Degrees of Separation” theory. C．Describing the features of the “Six Degrees of Separation” theory. D．Introducing people's connections by the “Six Degrees of Separation” theory. 答案：D 2．What's the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To tell us people in the world are closely connected with each other. B．To persuade people to communicate with others in the world. C．To indicate communication only happens between seven to fifteen people. D．To prove people will seldom have a chance to meet a stranger. 答案：A 精读课文，完成以下学习任务 (一)阅读理解 1．What's the purpose of the first paragraph? A．To give suggestions. B．To introduce the topic. C．To add background information. D．To offer scientific data. [Tip] 判断文章首段的作用 说明文的首段一般是点明说明对象，总领全文，以便引出下文。如本文首段借助研究结果说明了“六度分隔”理论，点明了文章所要介绍的主题，故其作用是引入主题，激发读者的兴趣。 2．What can we know about the “Six Degrees of Separation” theory? A．The concept of friendship results from it. B．It was mentioned in the 1930s by Frigyes Karinthy. C．It was first appeared in the book named Everything Is Different. D．It points out one person can be connected through no more than five other people. 3．Which of the following is NOT used to test the theory? A．The Oscar-winning film Babel. B．The “Columbia Small-world Project”． C．An experiment at the University of Milan in 2011. D．The “small-world problem”． 4．What can we learn about Stanley Milgram's method? A．Its samples were chosen randomly in Hungary. B．Packages were sent between strangers. C．Parcels arrived at the targets very quickly. D．It enlightened the phrase “Six Degrees of Separation”． 5．What's unique about an experiment at the University of Milan? A．It needed five stages to be connected. B．It had only recently been carried out. C．It focused on the social media users. D．It involved the largest number of people. 答案：1～5　BDADC (二)阅读表达 1．What does “Six Degrees of Separation” indicate? Any_person_in_the_world_can_be_connected_to_any_other_person_through_a_chain_of_no_more_than_five_other_people. 2．What did the “Columbia Small-world Project” confirm? The_average_number_of_links_in_the_email_chain_was_six. 3．What can you learn from the theory of “Six Degrees of Separation”？ (The answers may vary.) The_theory_tells_us_that_each_person_should_fully_trust_and_utilize_their_network._Because_with_just_six_small_steps,_it_can_help_you_get_to_know_every_person_on_this_Earth. |阅|读|技|能|提|升| 　依据行文顺序，把握发展脉络 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“六度分隔”理论的定义，展示了不同时期人们对该理论的发展、验证及实验的方法与结论，证明了“地球很小”、人们之间联系紧密这一主题。其中第二至六段按照时间顺序介绍了“六度分隔”理论的发展过程，阅读时注意理清该理论各时期的实验结论，有助于把握该理论的发展脉络。 (一)赏用词之妙　 1．Once the parcel had been received by this person, he/she would send the parcel onto a contact of theirs until the parcel could be personally delivered to the correct person. 赏析：句中的“deliver”为高级用词，代替前文的send，避免重复。deliver本义为“递送”，引申义有“给……接生；发表；释放”等。 2．Amazingly, it only took between five and seven people to get the parcels delivered, and once released, the results were published in the bimonthly magazine Psychology Today. 赏析：句中使用了amazingly，表示“令人惊讶地”，在本句中位于句首，作状语，修饰整个句子。英语中，有些分词化的形容词可以加上后缀-ly，转化成副词，在句中作状语。这类副词还有：surprisingly(惊人地)、shockingly(令人震惊地)、increasingly(不断增加地)、interestingly(有趣的是)等。 3．In 2001, Columbia University tried to recreate Milgram's experiment on the Internet. 赏析：句中的动词“recreate”为高级用词，形象地刻画出了该实验的特点。 [提能训练]　(单句语法填空/翻译句子) ①Amazingly (amaze), Jack didn't even have to go to hospital. ②After she was delivered of a healthy boy, we delivered some gifts to her. 在她生下一个健康的男孩后，我们给她送了一些礼物。 ③我正试图在远离家的地方重建家庭生活。 I_am_trying_to_recreate_family_life_far_from_home. (二)赏句式之高　 1．Research shows the average person only has regular communication with between seven and fifteen people, and that most of our communication is in fact with five to ten people who are closest to us. 赏析：shows后面接由and连接的两个宾语从句。第一个宾语从句省略了连接词that；第二个that引导的宾语从句中又包含了who引导的定语从句。该句表明了我们大部分的交流所涉及的人数。 2．It was this research that inspired the phrase “Six Degrees of Separation”． 赏析：这是一个强调句型。强调了这个研究对“六度分隔”这一说法的启发。 [提能训练]　(用高级句式完成句子) ①He knows she_is_an_honest_girl and that_he_should_help_her_father_who_suffers_from_ a_serious_disease. 他知道她是一个诚实的女孩，他应该帮助她患有严重疾病的父亲。 ②It_was_nature_that_inspired_the_artist to create more outstanding works. 是大自然激发了这位艺术家创作出更多杰出作品。 (三)赏逻辑之巧　 Research shows the average person only has regular communication with between seven and fifteen people, and that most of our communication is in fact with five to ten people who are closest to us. However, perhaps we are closer to the rest of the world than we think. “Six Degrees of Separation” refers to the theory that any person on Earth can be connected to any other person through a chain of no more than five other people. 赏析：本段第一句表明，普通人只与7至15个人经常保持联系，而且其中大部分的交流实际上只发生在5到10个亲近的人身上。第二句使用了however进行转折，说明我们与世界上其他人的联系比想象中的更紧密。最后一句用简洁的语言解释了“六度分隔”理论。 [提能训练]　(完成句子) ①This is one possible solution to the problem. However,_there_are_others. 这是解决这个问题的一个可能的办法。然而，还有其他办法。 ②Many high schools allow for clubs.However,_how_to_balance_study_and_club_activities_ has_always_been_a_concern_for_students. 许多高中允许开设俱乐部。然而，如何平衡学习和社团活动一直是学生们关心的问题。 (四)赏首尾之美　 How Closely Connected Are We? ... So, think about it for a minute: How might you be connected to the driver of the bus you regularly take or the person who delivers your parcels? 赏析：本文标题采用疑问句的形式，是为了通过提出问题来引起读者关注，促使读者在思想上进行互动，启发他们思考，产生共鸣，留下印象。文章的结尾段同样采用了疑问句形式，令人回味无穷，能引起读者的思考，使文章更加耐人寻味，呼应主题。 在青春的旅途中，我们与父母之间的关系就像一幅色彩斑斓的画卷，既有温馨的情感，也有暂时的冲突。成长的烦恼，内心的渴望，让亲子关系面临挑战。让我们一同走进这篇文章，探寻那隐藏在矛盾背后的爱与温暖，相信风雨过后，必有彩虹。 Strangers under the same roof? Does every dinner with your parents seem to turn into a battle? Have your once warm and open conversations become cold and guarded? Do you feel that you just cannot see eye to eye with them on anything? You are not alone. Heated arguments and cold silences are common between teenagers and their parents. Teenagers' physical changes may result in such family tensions. You may feel anxious that you are behind. You might worry about your changing voice, weight problems or spots. When it all gets too much, your parents are often the first targets of your anger. It can be a big headache to balance your developing mental needs too. You enter a strange middle ground — no longer a small child but not quite an adult. You have both a new desire for independence and a continued need for your parents' love and support. You feel ready to be more responsible and make decisions on your own. Unfortunately, that makes you feel unhappy. “Why can't they just let me go？” you may wonder. On the other hand, when you are struggling to control your feelings, you wish they could be more caring and patient — sometimes they forget that growing up is a rough ride. It can be difficult All of this can lead to a breakdown in your relationship. Although sometimes it may seem impossible to get along as a family, you can take action to improve the situation. The key to keeping the peace is regular and honest communication. When you disagree with your parents, take a minute to calm down and try to understand the situation from their point of view. Perhaps they have experienced something similar and do not want you to go through the same pain. After you have thought it through, explain your actions and feelings calmly, listen carefully, and address their concerns. Through this kind of healthy discussion, you will learn when to back down and when to ask your parents to relax their control. Just remember that it is completely normal to struggle with the stress that parent-child tensions . The good news is . Everything will turn out all right in the end, and the changes and challenges of your teenage years will prepare you for adulthood. [阅读理解] 1．What does “that” in “that makes you feel unhappy” in paragraph 3 refer to ? A．A new desire for independence. B．A continued need for your parents' love. C．Making decisions on your own. D．That your parents don't always agree. 2．What do teenagers need from their parents? A．Experience.　　　　 B．Love and strictness. C．Stories. D．Love and patience. 3．How should you keep the peace in your family? A．By acting like an adult. B．By caring for your parents. C．By regular and honest communication. D．By relaxing parents' control. 答案：1～3　DDC [素养积累] 1．由文积词汇 see eye to eye with sb.　 与某人看法一致 tension n. 紧张关系；紧张；拉伸 shoot up 快速长高，蹿个儿 breakdown n. (关系)破裂；故障 think sth. through 充分考虑；想透 back down 承认错误，认输 stormy adj. 激烈争吵的 2．据文悟句式 句①：that引导宾语从句；shooting up ...作伴随状语。 句②：and连接并列句。其中not always是部分否定；make sb. 后接省略to的不定式，feel是系动词，后接形容词。 句③：when引导时间状语从句。 句④：remember后接两个that引导的宾语从句，其中第二个宾语从句that you and your parents ...中的that不能省略；that parent-child tensions create为that引导的定语从句，that在从句中作create的宾语。 句⑤：that引导表语从句，不能省略。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $