Unit 12 Section 6 “Stephen Hawking”的课文习读环节 课时检测-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册配套练习word（北师大版）

Section 6　 “Stephen Hawking”的课文习读环节 [课时检测]　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Have you ever seen a car without a driver? It sounds crazy, but these computer-driven cars may soon be filling roads near you. Some companies have been designing and testing such cars.They just need to run final tests to make sure whether they can run alongside human-driven cars on the road. The cars have sensors (传感器) all around which can detect other cars and blocks in the road.Sensors on the wheels help when parking, so the car knows how far it is from the edge of the road or other parked cars.Road signs are read by cameras, and satellite navigation systems (卫星导航系统) are used so the car knows how to get to your destination.All you have to do is type in the address! Finally, a central computer system takes in all the information it receives from the sensors and cameras and uses this to work out when to stop and speed up. Sounds like your idea of heaven? Sitting back, looking out of the windows and watching a film while driving would be possible with this new technology.Computers would drive more safely than people — they don't get disturbed by phones or talking, they would obey the speed limit and have quicker reaction in case of an emergency. However, driverless cars have many disadvantages.Computers would have difficulties making some decisions: if a child ran into the road, would the computer choose to hit the child or turn quickly to hurt the car's passengers? And should children, or drunk people, be allowed in a driverless car by themselves? Besides these questions, many people may lose their jobs.For example, bus, taxi, train and tram drivers, as well as driving instructors. I don't really want a driverless car — but it is only a matter of time before ordinary people will be able to afford them on our roads. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了无人驾驶汽车的工作原理和优缺点。 1．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．How a driverless car works. B．What we need to drive a driverless car. C．The tests a driverless car needs to pass. D．The advantages of a driverless car. 解析：选A　段落大意题。根据第二段可知，本段主要介绍了无人驾驶汽车是如何工作的。 2．What does the underlined word “detect” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Attract.　　　　　　 B．Help. C．Discover. D．Disturb. 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句可知，传感器的作用就是探测道路并搜集信息。所以detect意为“发现”。 3．What can we learn about the driverless car from the text? A．It can run faster than a traditional one. B．It is suitable for a child to sit in it alone. C．It has been used in many areas in the world. D．It has many problems not yet solved. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Computers would have difficulties making some decisions”和“Besides these questions, many people may lose their jobs.”可推断出，无人驾驶汽车还有许多问题没有解决。 4．What is the author's attitude towards the driverless car? A．Positive. B．Negative. C．Objective. D．Doubtful. 解析：选B　观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“I don't really want a driverless car”可知，作者不喜欢无人驾驶汽车。故B项negative(消极的)符合题意。 B AI has advanced significantly over the years. However, its current models largely disregard human psychology, such as emotional intelligence. “The main focus of our work was how we could bring the emotional part of intelligence to AI，” says Saptarshi Das, associate professor at Penn State. “Human behavior is easy to observe but difficult to measure and that makes it difficult to replicate (复制) in a robot and make it emotionally intelligent. There is no real way right now to do that.” Eating habits serve as a prime example of this emotional intelligence. While hunger is the physiological drive to eat, our choices of what to eat are influenced by our sense of taste. As Das explains, even when one is not hungry, the psychological desire can drive him or her to consume a sweet treat, rather than a piece of meat. To grasp the intricacies (错综复杂的细节) of taste, Penn State researchers looked to the human tongue, which translates chemical data into electrical signals sent to the brain's gustatory cortex (味觉皮层). In this brain region, complex neuronal networks shape our sense of taste. To imitate this, the team created an electronic “tongue”． This technology can be adapted to recognize all primary taste characteristics, from sweet and salty to umami (鲜味). Looking ahead, the researchers see numerous applications, including AI-designed diets based on emotional preferences or tailored restaurant meal suggestions. The team's immediate goal is to expand the electronic tongue's capacity. “We are trying to imitate the 10,000 or so taste receptors (味蕾) we have on our tongue that are each slightly different compared to the others, which enables us to distinguish between small differences in tastes，” says Das. “The example I think of is people who train their tongue and become a wine taster. Perhaps in the future, we can have an AI system that you can train to be an even better wine taster.” Beyond taste, the team wants to broaden this concept to other senses, leading to a more comprehensive and emotionally intelligent AI system. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了让人工智能更好地具备情商，研究人员创造了一种电子“舌头”，用来识别所有主要的味道特征。 5．What can be learned from the first two paragraphs? A．It is necessary to make robots emotionally intelligent. B．It is hard to make robots emotionally intelligent. C．Emotional intelligence is complex and difficult to observe. D．Few researchers pay attention to emotional intelligence of AI. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Human behavior is easy to observe but difficult to measure and that makes it difficult to replicate in a robot and make it emotionally intelligent.”可知，很难使机器人具有情感智能。 6．What might this electronic tongue be applied for in the future? A．Evaluating people's diet plans. B．Designing a healthier diet plan for people. C．Correcting people's poor dietary preferences. D．Helping restaurants serve customers better. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Looking ahead, the researchers see numerous applications, including AI-designed diets based on emotional preferences or tailored restaurant meal suggestions.”可知，这种电子舌头将来会帮助餐馆更好地为顾客服务。 7．What is the team's plan according to the last two paragraphs? A．Improving people's taste sensitivity with the electronic tongue. B．Making the electronic tongue available for everyone. C．Bringing all the human senses into the AI system. D．Attracting the attention of other researchers to AI's innovation. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据最后一段“Beyond taste, the team wants to broaden this concept to other senses, leading to a more comprehensive and emotionally intelligent AI system.”可知，团队的计划是将人类的所有感官带入人工智能系统。 8．What is the text mainly about? A．The progress in bringing emotional intelligence into AI. B．The advantage of the “electronic tongue”． C．The future development trend of AI. D．The big role of AI in developing emotional intelligence. 解析：选A　主旨大意题。根据第一段并结合全文可知，文章主要介绍了为了让人工智能更好地具备情商，研究人员创造了一种电子“舌头” ，由此可知，文章的主要内容是将情商引入人工智能的进展。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Thinking is an essential part of our daily lives.We analyze, reason, and think carefully to make decisions and solve problems.__9__ This phenomenon is often called “thinking without thinking”， in other words, intuition (直觉), and it has attracted philosophers, psychologists, and scientists for centuries. While intuition may seem mysterious and magical for most of us, research has explained the potential abilities that enable our minds to engage in thinking without thinking.Gladwell, a writer for a newspaper, has explored many studies and real-life examples.__10__ One such study involved examining the ability of art experts to determine the authenticity (真实性) of artwork.__11__ They have sharpened their intuition through years of experience and exposure to various art styles and techniques.Explorers like Gladwell has proved that the brain can make unbelievably accurate assessments based on cues and patterns our conscious mind might overlook from an experimental viewpoint. __12__ Leaders who listen to their intuitive wisdom make innovative decisions that lead to success in business.In personal relationships, intuitive insights can help us understand the needs and feelings of others, fostering deeper connections. Although intuition can provide valuable insights, it is not rock-solid (坚如磐石)．__13__ To use the power of intuition effectively, we can cultivate a few essential practices.Besides engaging in activities that enable our mind to gather valuable knowledge and patterns, gathering additional information to confirm or challenge our intuitive insights is very important.This practice helps develop a deeper understanding of the factors influencing our intuition. A．The intuition is full of uniqueness. B．They demonstrate the power of intuition. C．It shows scientific principles behind intuition. D．Sometimes emotional influences may cloud our judgments. E．Intuition serves as a guide in both personal and professional fields. F．The study discovered they made accurate judgments within seconds. G．However, sometimes we avoid this and draw immediate conclusions. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了直觉这一类思考方式的原理、依据、好处，以及更好地使用这种思考方式的建议。 9．解析：选G　根据上文“We analyze, reason, and think carefully to make decisions and solve problems.”可知，我们通过分析、推理和仔细思考来做出决定和解决问题。后文则指出这种现象通常被称为“不假思索的思考”。由此判断本句与上文存在转折关系，指出通过直觉直接得到结论。故G项“然而，有时我们回避这个过程，直接得出结论”承上启下，符合语境。 10．解析：选B　此空设于段尾，应给出研究和例子得出的结论。故B项“它们展示了直觉的力量”承接上文，符合语境。 11．解析：选F　此空设于段中，应衔接上下文。后文分析了直觉是如何锻炼出的，本句应主要说明通过直觉快速做出判断。故F项“研究发现他们能在几秒钟内做出准确的判断”符合语境。 12．解析：选E　此空设于段首，是本段的主题句。本段主要介绍了直觉的指导作用。故E项“直觉在个人和专业领域都起到指导作用”符合语境。 13．解析：选D　上文提到直觉并不是坚如磐石，由此推测本句说明直觉的消极影响。故D项“有时情绪的影响会模糊我们的判断”符合语境。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $