Unit 8 Section 4 Focus on Language：Verb－ing and－ed Forms-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册教师用书word（北师大版）

Section 4　 Focus on Language: Verb－ing and －ed Forms 课时目标 1.熟悉动词－ing和动词－ed形式，掌握它们的用法。 2.区分动词－ing和动词－ed形式，学会在语境中灵活运用。 语境中体悟　 Stephen Curry, a successful NBA player, spent many childhood hours in ①playing basketball on a muddy basketball court, where his grandfather built a simple basket by ②attaching a piece of plastic to a telephone pole. ③Playing basketball was his dream.Though he was thought by many people to be too short and too weak to succeed, he wouldn't give up ④playing.⑤Selected for the NBA in 2009, Stephen joined the Golden State Warriors.With him ⑥leading the Warriors, it won the championship in 2015. ⑦Inspiring others to believe in themselves, Stephen Curry is a living proof that what other people think of you does not have to influence what you become.Stephen Curry's success has made those ⑧looking down upon him ⑨surprised. [语法入门] 1．动词－ing形式作主语和宾语： ③处是动词－ing形式作主语；①②④处属于动词－ing 形式作宾语；①②处分别作介词in和by的宾语；④处作动词短语give up的宾语。 2．动词－ing形式作定语、宾语补足语和状语： ⑧处是动词－ing形式作定语；⑥处是动词－ing 形式作宾语补足语；⑦处是动词－ing 形式作状语。 3．动词－ed形式作状语和宾语补足语： ⑤处是动词－ed形式作状语；⑨处是动词－ed 形式作宾语补足语。 学案中理清　 分词具有动词的特征，同时又有形容词和副词的特征，因此它在句中可以作表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语等。动词－ed形式没有时态和语态的变化，动词－ing 形式的变化见下表： 动词－ing形式 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 一、分词作表语 1．作表语的动词－ing形式包括现在分词和动名词。现在分词作表语，往往具有形容词的性质，说明主语的性质、特征等；动名词作表语多表示抽象或习惯性的动作，一般说明主语的内容。 The result of the game was disappointing. 比赛的结果令人失望。 My hobby is collecting all kinds of posters on the wall. 我的爱好是收集墙上的各种海报。 2．动词－ed形式作表语，主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态，含有被动的意义。 (1)过去分词作表语，多表示主语所处的状态或所具备的特征，多位于系动词之后，这些系动词有be、 remain、 feel、 seem、 look、 become等。 When the organiser left the meeting room, some members remained seated there. 当组织者离开会议室时，一些成员还坐在那里。 (2)有些过去分词作表语时，往往已经具备了形容词的性质。 He looked worried after reading the letter. 他看完信后显得很担心。 [对点练]　(单句语法填空) ①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)In cold weather, the structure stays closed (close) to protect the plants. ②At the sight of the moving scene, all the people present were moved (move)． ③This is the key to making your hair look interesting (interest)． ④The kids seem pretty excited (excite) about the holiday. ⑤It's amazing (amaze) that no one else has applied for the job. ⑥They were frightened to hear the frightening_ sound.(frighten) 二、分词作定语 1．现在分词作定语时，和被修饰词之间在逻辑上是主谓关系，表示所修饰词进行的动作，相当于一个定语从句。表示感情的现在分词作定语，意为“令人……的”。 The young man working in that institute is my brother.那个在研究院工作的年轻人是我的哥哥。 2．动名词可置于名词前作定语，表示被修饰的名词的用途和性能。 No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room.阅览室里不准大声说话。 3．及物动词的动词－ed形式作定语，和被修饰词之间在逻辑上是动宾关系；在时间上，常表示动作已经发生或完成，有时也不表示时间性。不及物动词的过去分词作定语，不表示被动意义，只强调动作完成。 The old man is sweeping the fallen leaves on the path at the moment.(表示完成) 老人此刻正在清扫这条小路上的落叶。 Who were the so－called guests invited to your flat last night？(表示被动) 昨晚被邀请到你公寓的那些所谓的客人是谁呀？ 4．一般情况下，单个动词－ed形式作前置定语，即放在所修饰词之前；动词－ed形式短语作定语时往往作后置定语，即放在所修饰词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。 [对点练]　(单句语法填空) ①(2025·全国Ⅱ卷)If you've never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt left (leave) to sun for a day, well, you're missing out on one of life's wonders. ②(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Two years later, a six－meter－tall pavilion, inspired (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace. ③(2024·浙江1月高考)Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs designed (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份)． ④(2023·全国甲卷)Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message intended (intend) for everyone. ⑤(2023·浙江1月高考)The times listed (list) on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times. ⑥(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Shanghai may be the recognized (recognize) home of the soup dumplings, but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as xiao long bao's birthplace. ⑦(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)They talk to the flood of international tourists and to visiting (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. 三、分词作状语 分词作状语时，其逻辑主语是句子的主语，一般在句中作时间、原因、方式、条件、伴随等状语。 1．现在分词作状语时，分词表示的动作是由句子主语执行的，它们之间是主动关系。 Hearing the news, they got excited. 听到这个消息，他们很兴奋。 Being poor, he couldn't afford a big house in that region.因为穷，他在那个地区买不起大房子。 2．过去分词作状语时，分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间是被动关系。 Blamed by his boss, he decided to change his job. 因为被老板责备了，所以他决定换工作。 The organiser entered the hall, followed by a group of volunteers. 组织者进入了大厅，后面跟着一群志愿者。 3．有时分词可以与连词连用，可看作是状语从句的省略。常见的连词有while、 when、 once、 if、 though、 although、 even if、 even though、 unless、 as、 than等。 When (he was) asked why he looked so bothered，he lowered his head. 当他被问到为什么看上去如此担心时，他低下了头。 |轻|巧|识|记|　分词作状语记忆口诀 分词作状语，主语是问题； 前后两动作，共用一主语。 主语找出后，再来判关系； 主动用 －ing，被动用 －ed。 4．动词－ing 形式短语和动词－ed 形式短语作状语时，其逻辑主语通常与句子的主语一致，但有时它们可以有自己的独立主语，这种结构被称为独立主格结构。当逻辑主语与其后的动词是主谓关系时，用动词－ing 形式；当逻辑主语与其后的动词是动宾关系时，用动词－ed 形式。 The manager sat quietly in the office, his eyes closed. 经理静静地坐在办公室里，闭着眼睛。 The headmaster came into the room, a group of students following him. 校长进了房间，后面有一群学生跟着他。 [对点练] (1)单句语法填空 ①(2025·北京高考)When traveling (travel), we engage with cultures and experiences. ②(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Recalling (recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare's play Richard Ⅲ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said ... ③(2024·浙江1月高考)Having (have) a poor sense of direction, Eva found it impossible to get around in such a huge building. ④(2023·全国甲卷)“There was once a town in the heart of America where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co－existence with its surroundings，” her fable begins, borrowing (borrow) some familiar words from many age－old fables. ⑤(2023·浙江1月高考)Sitting (sit) on a branch, he inched towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. ⑥(2023·浙江1月高考)Compared (compare) to other alternatives, it's comfortable and relaxing. ⑦Having_lived (live) in China for years, he can speak Chinese well now. (2)句型转换 ⑧If weather permits, we shall play the match tomorrow. →Weather_permitting,_ we shall play the match tomorrow. 四、分词作宾语补足语 1．若宾语补足语与宾语是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用动词－ing形式； 若宾语补足语与宾语是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用动词－ed形式。 2．可接动词－ing形式作宾语补足语的情况： (1)感官动词：feel、 hear、 look at、 listen to、 notice、 observe、 sense、 see、 watch等之后。 (2)使役动词：get、 have、 keep、 leave、 send、 set等之后。 (3)用在“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中。 When I walked onto the stage, I felt my heart beating faster. 当我走上舞台时，我感觉我的心跳加速了。 His wife rushed out of the house, leaving his little son crying. 他的妻子冲出了房子，留下他的小儿子在那里哭泣。 With so many people looking at her, the young performer felt nervous. 这么多人看着她，这位年轻的表演者感到很紧张。 3．可接动词－ed形式作宾语补足语的情况： (1)感官动词或表示心理状态的词之后，如：see、 hear、 feel、 watch、 notice、 think、 consider、 find等。 (2)使役动词或者表示“保持某种状态”意义的动词之后，如：make、 get、 have、 keep、 leave等。 (3)表示希望、请求、命令的词之后，如：wish、 like、 expect、 order等。 (4)用在“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中。 I'd like to see the plan carried out. 我想看到这个计划被执行。 He raised his voice to make himself heard. 他提高了嗓门，以便让别人听到他的声音。 With all the problems settled, he felt relieved. 所有问题都解决了，他感到如释重负。 [对点练] (1)单句语法填空 ①(2025·北京高考)When Nick runs ahead, I hear him barking excitedly. I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone scared (scare). ②(2024·浙江1月高考写作)Soon Eva began to breathe hard, with her heart pounding (pound) and legs shaking (shake)． ③(2023·浙江1月高考)With gas prices rising (rise)and airport security lines snaking longer than ever, why not book your next domestic vacation on a train? ④But that's how nature is — always leaving us astonished (astonish)． ⑤When you speak English, be sure to make yourself understood (understand)． ⑥He was found lying (lie) on the playground yesterday morning. (2)完成句子 ⑦You'd better have_that_tooth_filled. 你最好把那颗牙补一下。 ⑧I smell something burning_in_the_kitchen. 我闻到厨房里有东西正在烧着。 ⑨Just a few days after the signs went up, he found_people_sitting_there and engaging in active and joyful conversations. 在标牌立起来几天后，他发现人们坐在那儿进行着积极愉快的谈话。 [随堂应用体验] 根据汉语提示，用动词－ing形式和动词－ed形式完成短文 The white－haired man ①riding_an_ordinary_bicycle (骑着一辆普通自行车的) was a famous photographer ②named_Bill_Cunningham (名叫Bill Cunningham的)．③Devoted_to_photography (致力于摄影), he put hours of hard work into his work.He would even stay outside in a storm, ④taking_photos (拍照片)．He never accepted the benefits ⑤offered_to_him_for_being_a_photographer (因为是一名摄影师而提供给他的)．This lack of self－interest ⑥kept_him_focused_on_his_skill (使他专注于自己的技能), ⑦enabling_him_to_become_a_special_photographer (使他成为一名特别的摄影师)．⑧Moved_by_his_story (被他的故事所感动), I am determined to become a successful man like him.I think ⑨doing_what_one_loves (做一个人热爱的事情) is key to success so ⑩I_will_be_very_excited (我将会很兴奋) to stick to my hobby. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $