Unit 5 Helping our parents（易错题专项练习·基础知识）英语译林版三起五年级下册

Unit 5 Helping our parents 专题01 基础知识·易错题专项训练 1.字母组合“ing”的发音 2.too / also / either的用法 3.形容词busy的用法 4.动词like和watch的用法 5.动词help的用法 6.listen和hear的用法区别 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨 易错精讲 高频易错点01 字母组合“ing”的发音（P53） In the morning, I like to sing And watch the flowers growing. In the evening, I like to sit And listen to the wind blowing. 字母组合“ing”在这里发音/ɪŋ/，如 bring /brɪŋ/ morning /ˈmɔːnɪŋ/ sing /sɪŋ/ spring /sprɪŋ/ 易错点提示 发音要领 舌位：舌尖抵住下齿，舌后部抬起抵住软腭 气流：从鼻腔送出，声带振动 最核心易错点：把后鼻音读成前鼻音 ❌ 错误：把 `/ɪŋ/` 读成 `/ɪn/`（把后鼻音读成前鼻音） 例：`sing` /sɪŋ/ → 错读成 /sɪn/（和 `sin` 同音） `morning` /ˈmɔːnɪŋ/ → 错读成 /ˈmɔːnɪn/ ✅ 正确：舌尖抵住下齿，舌后部抬起抵住软腭，气流从鼻腔送出，发饱满的后鼻音 `/ɪŋ/`。 小练笔 读一读，找出与所给单词画线部分发音相同的一项。 ( )1. spring A．pink B．drink C．thing ( )2. sing A．ring B．drink C．song ( )3. making A．think B．morning C．drink ( )4. cooking A．eating B．think C．link ( )5. listening A．reading B．long C．Pink 点拨 【答案】CABAA 1.spring划线部分发音是[ɪŋ]，A. pink划线部分发音是[ɪŋk]，B. drink划线部分发音是[ɪŋk]，C. thing划线部分发音是[ɪŋ]，所给单词与选项C发音一样，故选C。 2.sing划线部分发音是[ɪŋ]，A. ring划线部分发音是[ɪŋ]，B. drink划线部分发音是[ɪŋk]，C. song划线部分发音是[ɒŋ]，所给单词与选项A发音一样，故选A。 3.making划线部分发音是[ɪŋ]，A. think划线部分发音是[ɪŋk]，B. morning划线部分发音是[ɪŋ]，C. drink划线部分发音是[ɪŋk]，所给单词与选项B发音一样，故选B。 4.cooking划线部分发音是[ɪŋ]，A. eating划线部分发音是[ɪŋ]，B. think划线部分发音是[ɪŋk]，C. link划线部分发音是[ɪŋk]，所给单词与选项A发音一样，故选A。 5.listening划线部分发音是[ɪŋ]，A. reading划线部分发音是[ɪŋ]，B. long划线部分发音是[ɒŋ]，C. pink划线部分发音是[ɪŋk]，所给单词与选项A发音一样，故选A。 高频易错点02 Ben the dog is sleeping too.（P36） too adv.也，而且 too通常用在肯定句和疑问句，位于句末，其前一般用逗号隔开（也可省略 ） I like Music too.我也喜欢音乐课。 易错点提示 too / also / either, 都可以表示“也”的含义，区分： too通常用在肯定句和疑问句，位于句末，其前一般用逗号隔开（也可省略 ） My mother likes this dress, too. 我妈妈也喜欢这件裙子。 also通常用于肯定句，位于句中，用在be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前。 1. I am also a student.（be动词之后 ）我也是一名学生。 2. She can also speak English.（情态动词之后 ）她也会说英语。 3. He also likes reading.（实义动词之前 ）他也喜欢阅读。 either 表示“也”，用于否定句中，且通常位于句末，其前一般用逗号隔开。 I don't like coffee, and my brother doesn't like it, either. 我不喜欢咖啡，我哥哥也不喜欢。 记忆口诀：肯定句中用too、also，句末逗号跟too，行为之前also走 ；否定句里用either，句末逗号别放错 。 小练笔 用 too / also / either 填空 1. I like apples. My sister likes apples, ______. 2. We ______ have PE lessons on Friday. 3. He can’t swim. I can’t swim, ______. 4. My father is a teacher. My mother is ______ a teacher. 5. She doesn’t like dogs. I don’t like dogs, ______. 点拨 答案1. too 2. also 3. either 4. also 5. either 1. I like apples. My sister likes apples, too. 这是肯定句，且“也”放在句末，用 too。 2. We also have PE lessons on Friday. 这是肯定句，“也”放在句中（实义动词 `have` 之前），用 also。 3. He can’t swim. I can’t swim, either. 这是否定句，且“也”放在句末，用 either。 4. My father is a teacher. My mother is also a teacher. 这是肯定句，“也”放在句中（be动词 `is` 之后），用 also。 5. She doesn’t like dogs. I don’t like dogs, either. 这是否定句，且“也”放在句末，用 either。 高频易错点03 My mother is busy.（P49） busy adj.“忙，忙碌” 反义词：free 空闲的 We are busy. 我们很忙。 易错点提示 1）be busy with sth. 忙于某事； My mother is busy with dinner. 我的妈妈忙于晚餐。 2）be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事； My mother is busy cooking dinner. 我的妈妈忙于做晚餐。 小练笔 单项选择 ( )1. My father is very ______ today. He has no time to play with me. A. free B. busy C. nice ( )2. Look! My grandma is busy ______ the house. A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning ( )3. —Are you free this afternoon? —No, I’m busy ______ my homework. A. with B. do C. to do ( )4. My mother is busy ______ dinner in the kitchen. A. Cook B. cooking C. to cook ( )5. I can’t go out now. I’m busy ______ my little sister. A. look after B. looking after C. with look after 点拨 答案1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. B 1. 后句“没时间陪我”说明爸爸很忙碌，选 busy；free 是“空闲的”，不符合语境。 2. 固定结构 be busy doing sth.（忙于做某事），用动名词 cleaning。 3. 固定结构 be busy with sth.（忙于某事）或 be busy doing sth.（忙于做某事），homework 是名词，用 with；若用 doing 则是 doing my homework。 4. 固定结构 be busy doing sth.，用动名词 cooking。 5. 固定结构 be busy doing sth.，用动名词 looking after（照顾）。 高频易错点04 In the morning, I like to sing and watch the flowers growing.（P53） like v.喜欢 like to do（偶尔/特定条件下喜欢做某事） I like to swim in this river in summer. 夏天我喜欢在这条河里游泳。（强调在夏天这个特定条件下的喜好） She likes to drink milk before bed today. 她今天喜欢睡前喝杯牛奶。（强调今天这一次的临时喜好） like doing（长期兴趣爱好，一直喜欢做某事） I like swimming in my free time. 我空闲时间喜欢游泳。（游泳是我的长期爱好） She likes drinking milk every day. 她喜欢每天喝牛奶。（喝牛奶是她长期的习惯爱好） 易错点提示 当 like 作介词时，意思是“像……一样；如同；比如”，后面常接名词、代词或动名词。 1. 表示“像……一样；如同” She looks like her mother. 她长得像她妈妈。 The cloud looks like a rabbit. 这朵云看起来像一只兔子。 2. 表示“比如；诸如”（用于举例） I like fruits like apples and bananas. 我喜欢水果，比如苹果和香蕉。 She has many hobbies, like reading and drawing. 她有很多爱好，比如阅读和画画。 3. 固定搭配：feel like doing sth.（想要做某事） I feel like eating ice cream. 我想要吃冰淇淋。 watch 意思是“看”，强调“欣赏” watch sb.+动词ing，意思是“看着某人正在做某事” I watch Tim drawing. 我看着蒂姆正在画画。 小练笔 单项选择题 ( )1. I like ______ in the park on sunny days. A. walk B. to walking C. walking ( )2. She likes ______ ice cream today, but she doesn’t usually eat it. A. eat B. to eat C. eating ( )3. Look! The little girl looks ______ her mother. A. like B. likes C. liking ( )4. I feel like ______ a walk after dinner. A. take B. to take C. taking ( )5. I like sports, ______ running and basketball. A. like B. likes C. liking 点拨 答案 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. A 1. like doing 表示长期爱好，“在公园散步”是习惯，用 walking。 2. like to do 表示临时/特定条件下的喜好，“今天想吃冰淇淋”是临时想法，用 to eat。 3. like 作介词表示“像”，后面直接接名词 her mother，用 like。 4. 固定搭配 feel like doing sth.（想要做某事），用 taking。 5. like 作介词表示“比如”，用于举例，用 like。 高频易错点05 We can help you. （P55） help v.帮助 help sb 帮助某人； I can help you. 我能帮助你。 易错点提示 help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事； She often helps me (to) clean the room. 她经常帮助我打扫房间。 help sb with sth 在某事上帮助某人。 He helps me with my English. 他在英语方面帮助我。 小练笔 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. My mother often helps me ______ (wash) clothes. 2. I often help my little sister ______ her homework. 3. We can help the old man ______ (carry) the heavy box. 单项选择题 ( )4. She often helps her mum ______ the housework. A. do B. to do C. with D. A, B and C ( )5. —Can you help me ______ my Chinese? —Sure! A. in B. with C. for D. to 点拨 答案1. (to) wash 2. with 3. (to) carry 4. D 5. B 1. 固定结构 help sb. (to) do sth.，to 可省略，所以填 `(to) wash`。 2. 固定结构 help sb. with sth.，表示“在某事上帮助某人”，所以填 `with`。 3. 固定结构 help sb. (to) do sth.，to 可省略，所以填 `(to) carry`。 4. `help sb. (to) do sth.` 和 `help sb. with sth.` 都可以表达“帮助某人做家务”，所以 A、B、C 都对，选 D。 5. 固定结构 help sb. with sth.，表示“在某学科上帮助某人”，所以选 `with`。 高频易错点06 In the evening, I like to sit and listen to the wind blowing.（P53） listen to sb.+动词 ing，意思是“听见某人正在做某事” We listen to Helen singing. 我们听见海伦正在唱歌。 易错点提示 listen 与 hear 的区别 （1）listen 强调听的动作，hear 强调结果 She is listening to the music. 她正在听音乐。 I can't hear the music. 我听不到音乐。 （2）listen 能用于进行时，hear 不能 小练笔 单项选择 ( )1. —What are you doing? —I’m ______ to the radio. A. hear B. listening C. listen ( )2. I ______ a strange sound outside the window last night. A. listened B. hear C. heard ( )3. You need to ______ your friends when they talk to you. A. listen to B. hear C. listening ( )4. Look! They are ______ carefully, but they can’t ______ anything. A. hear; listen B. listening; hear C. listen; hear ( )5. ______! Someone is knocking at the door. A.Hear B. Listening C. Listen 点拨 1. 答案：B 解析：问句“What are you doing?”是现在进行时（be+动词-ing形式），“listen to the radio”是固定搭配，此处需用“listen”的-ing形式“listening”；“hear”（强调听的结果）和动词原形“listen”都不符合现在进行时的结构，所以选B。 2. 答案：C 解析：“last night”（昨晚）是过去时间，句子要用一般过去时；“hear”表示“听到（结果）”，其过去式是“heard”；“listened”是“listen”的过去式，但“listen”是不及物动词，后接宾语需加“to”，此处无宾语，且语境强调“听到声音”的结果，所以选 C。 3. 答案：A 解析：“need to”后接动词原形，“listen to sb.”是固定搭配（表示“听某人的话”）；“hear”强调结果，不符合“听朋友说话”的动作语境；“listening”是动词-ing形式，不符合“need to+动词原形”的结构，所以选A。 4. 答案：B 解析：“Look!”提示前半句是现在进行时，用“be+动词-ing”，“listen carefully”表示“认真听（动作）”，所以第一空填“listening”；后半句“can’t”后接动词原形，“hear anything”表示“听到任何东西（结果）”，所以第二空填“hear”，选B。 5. 答案：C 解析：这是祈使句，需用动词原形开头；“Listen!”用于提醒对方“听（动作）”，符合“有人敲门”的语境；“Hear”强调结果，“Listening”是动词-ing形式，都不符合祈使句结构，所以选C。 综合训练 一、判断下列每组单词划线部分读音是(T)否(F)相同。 1．sing        thing ( ) 2．sweet        sweep( ) 3．parent     garden ( ) 4．grow          how ( ) 5．grape       giraffe ( ) 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. —Where’s your little sister? —She ______ (play) with her cat. 2. Look! The birds ______ (dance). 3. Listen! Who ______ (sing)? 4. Su Hai and Su Yang ______ (clean) the windows now. 5. I’m helping ______ (he). 6. Nancy is in ______ (she) room. 7. Look! They ______ (have) an English lesson. 8. Let ______ (we) ______ (help) ______ (she) with ______ (she) homework. 三、选择合适的选项，将序号填在题前括号内。 ( )1. —______ are you going? —I’m going to the cinema. A. What B. Where C. Who ( )2. Look, the pests ______ the grapes. A. is to eat B. is eating C. are eating ( )3. —______ is your sister dancing? —She is dancing in the classroom. A. What B. Where C. Why ( )4. He wants ______ a film on Sunday. A. seeing B. see C. to see ( )5. Tim’s mother always ______ nice breakfast for ______. A. cook, him B. cook, he C. cooks, him ( )6. They often ______ their housework in the evening. A. did B. do C. does ( )7. Listen, the bird ______ in the tree. A. sing B. sings C. is singing ( )8. Mr Green ______ every day. But he ______ now. A. swim, is swimming B. swim, swims C. swims, isn’t swimming ( )9. Mike’s friends ______ playing basketball. A. are B. is C. am ( )10. —What ______ Nancy and Mike doing? —They are ______. A. are, watching TV B. are, watch TV C. is, watching TV 四、按要求改写句子。 1. I’m riding a bike in the park. (对划线部分提问) ______ are you ______ in the park? 2. They are swimming in the river. (对划线部分提问) ______ are they ______? 3. Mike is flying a kite. (改为否定句) Mike ______ ______ a kite. 4. Su Hai sometimes watches a film. (用now改写) Su Hai ______ ______ a film now. 5. The child is cleaning the car. (改成复数形式) The ______ ______ cleaning the car. 五、根据中文提示，完成下列句子。 1. 看！苏海正在上车。 Look! Su Hai is ______ ______ the bus. 2. —他们在干什么？ —他们在整理床铺。 —What ______ they doing? —They are ______ the bed. 3. 我姐姐现在很忙。她正在客厅打扫。 My sister is ______ now. She is ______ in the living room. 4. 鲍比想要看电影。 Bobby ______ ______ to see a film. 参考答案 一、判断下列每组单词划线部分读音是否相同（T/F） 1. sing / thing → T（都发 /ɪŋ/） 2. sweet / sweep → T（都发 /iː/） 3. parent / garden → F（parent 发 /eə/，garden 发 /ɑː/） 4. grow / how → F（grow 发 /əʊ/，how 发 /aʊ/） 5. grape / giraffe → F（grape 发 /eɪ/，giraffe 发 /ɑː/） 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. —Where’s your little sister? —She is playing with her cat. 解析：问句问“现在在哪”，答句用现在进行时（be + doing），she 对应 is。 2. Look! The birds are dancing. 解析：`Look!` 提示动作正在进行，birds 是复数，用 are dancing。 3. Listen! Who is singing? 解析：`Listen!` 提示动作正在进行，who 视为单数，用 is singing。 4. Su Hai and Su Yang are cleaning the windows now. 解析：`now` 提示现在进行时，两个人是复数，用 are cleaning。 5. I’m helping him. 解析：help 是动词，后面用宾格 him。 6. Nancy is in her room. 解析：room 是名词，前面用形容词性物主代词 her。 7. Look! They are having an English lesson. 解析：`Look!` 提示现在进行时，they 对应 are having。 8. Let us help her with her homework. 解析：let 后用宾格 us；let sb. do sth. 用动词原形 help；help 后用宾格 her；homework 前用形容词性物主代词 her。 三、选择合适的选项 1. B. Where 解析：答句“去电影院”是地点，用 Where 提问。 2. C. are eating 解析：`Look!` 提示现在进行时，pests 是复数，用 are eating。 3. B. Where 解析：答句“在教室跳舞”是地点，用 Where 提问。 4. C. to see 解析：固定搭配 `want to do sth.`（想要做某事）。 5. C. cooks, him 解析：`always` 提示一般现在时，mother 是第三人称单数，动词用 cooks；for 后用宾格 him。 6. B. do 解析：`often` 提示一般现在时，they 是复数，用动词原形 do。 7. C. is singing 解析：`Listen!` 提示现在进行时，the bird 是单数，用 is singing。 8. C. swims, isn’t swimming 解析：`every day` 提示一般现在时，Mr Green 是第三人称单数，用 swims；`now` 提示现在进行时，but 表转折，用 isn’t swimming。 9. A. are 解析：friends 是复数，be 动词用 are。 10. A. are, watching TV 解析：Nancy and Mike 是复数，be 动词用 are；现在进行时结构 be + doing，用 watching TV。 四、按要求改写句子 1. What are you doing in the park? 解析：对动作 `riding a bike` 提问，用 What are you doing...? 2. Where are they swimming? 解析：对地点 `in the river` 提问，用 Where are they swimming? 3. Mike isn’t flying a kite. 解析：现在进行时否定句，在 is 后加 not，缩写为 isn’t，后面跟 flying。 4. Su Hai is watching a film now. 解析：`now` 提示现在进行时，Su Hai 是单数，用 is watching。 5. The children are cleaning the car. 解析：child 复数是 children；is 变为 are。 五、根据中文提示完成句子 1. Look! Su Hai is getting on the bus. 解析：“上车”是 get on，现在进行时用 getting on。 2. —What are they doing? —They are making the bed. 解析：现在进行时问句用 are；“整理床铺”是 make the bed，现在进行时用 making。 3. My sister is busy now. She is cleaning in the living room. 解析：“忙”是 busy；“打扫”是 clean，现在进行时用 cleaning。 4. Bobby wants to see a film. 解析：“想要”是 want to，Bobby 是第三人称单数，用 wants to。 第 1 页 共 18 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $