2026届高考英语二轮复习专题突破 专题25：句法之名词性从句

2026高考英语·二轮复习专题突破

  专题25：句法之名詞性从句

核【核心知识·深度解读】

名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句）是高考英语语法填空、短文改错及书面表达的高频考点，重点考查连接词的选择、陈述语序、形式主语/宾语、同位语从句与定语从句的区别等。近年命题更注重在复杂语境中考查从句的逻辑关系与语义衔接，尤其关注科技、文化、社会热点等话题中的从句应用。本专题包含核心知识精讲、15道单句填空、10道句子翻译与表达及3篇语法填空篇章练习，帮助学生系统掌握名词性从句的用法。

教学目标

1. 知识目标：掌握名词性从句的四种类型及连接词用法；2. 能力目标：能在语法填空和写作中正确运用名词性从句；3. 素养目标：通过语境理解从句在语篇中的表意功能。

教学重难点

重点：that/whether/what的选择；难点：同位语从句与定语从句的区分、it作形式主语的灵活运用。

第一课时 · 诊断与突破

环节一：课前诊断（3分钟）—— 找准学生真实问题

设计意图： 用3道典型题快速检测学生前备知识，暴露常见错误，为精讲提供依据。

1. ________ we need is more time. (what/that)

2. I wonder ________ he will come tomorrow. (whether/if/that)

3. The news ________ our team won excited everyone. (that/which)

预设错误及对策： 第1题错填that → 强调“what在从句中作宾语”；第2题错填that → 强调“wonder表示疑问，不能用that”；第3题错填which → 强调“同位语从句用that，且that不作成分”。

环节二：考点精讲（20分钟）—— 结合高考真题，说透规则

考点1：that引导的名词性从句（主语/宾语/表语/同位语）

【高考真题】It is estimated that the project will cost $10 million. (2022全国乙卷)
【规则总结】that在从句中不作成分，无词义。主语从句句首that不可省；同位语从句that不可省；宾语从句that常可省（并列宾语从句第二that不省）。

考点2：whether与if的选择

【高考真题】The question is whether the technology is ready for widespread use. (2023新高考Ⅰ卷)
【规则总结】主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、介词后用whether；whether可与or not连用，if一般不直接连用。

考点3：what引导的名词性从句

【高考真题】What matters most is not the result but the process. (2024九省联考)
【规则总结】what在从句中作主语/宾语/表语，意为“所……的（事物）”。

考点4：同位语从句 vs 定语从句（学生最难区分）

【对比讲解】The news that he told me was false.（定语从句，that作told的宾语）
               The news that our team won was exciting.（同位语从句，that不作成分，解释news内容）

当堂训练 · 限时15分钟

使用说明： 学生独立完成后，同桌互批，教师针对错误率高的题目精讲。

1. ________ we will go camping depends on the weather.

2. I have no idea ________ he is coming.

3. ________ you need is a good rest.

4. It is obvious ________ he is lying.

5. ________ we can solve this problem remains a challenge.

6. The reason for his absence was ________ he was ill.

7. I doubt ________ he will keep his promise.

8. ________ made the school proud was that the team won the championship.

9. She asked me ________ I had finished the report.

10. The truth ________ the earth is round is known to all.

11. ________ you like it or not, you must accept the result.