Unit 4 Welcome-Reading知识点梳理讲义 2025-2026学年译林版八年级英语下册

该初中英语单元复习讲义通过表格对比、短语系统梳理及语法点分层回顾构建知识体系，将way相关短语、prefer用法、by用法等核心考点按“词汇-短语-语法”逻辑串联，用对比表格呈现either/neither/none等易混词辨析，清晰展现重难点内在联系。 讲义亮点在于“分层练习+方法口诀”设计，基础巩固含单词拼写、翻译句子等题型，能力提升涵盖完形填空、阅读理解等综合训练，通过“结账退房、核对信息”等记忆口诀强化短语记忆，培养语言能力与思维品质，助力不同层次学生掌握考点，为教师精准教学提供有效支持。

新译林8B U4 Welcome — Reading重点考点梳理讲义 （学生版） 1. a good __________ 好读物； 好书 （或文章） 2. __________ is a good way ____________________. 阅读是开阔思维的好方式。 a good way to do sth. ____________________ 【way相关中考常考短语】 ____________________ 在去……的路上 ____________________ 前往…… in the way ____________________ by the way ____________________ in this way ____________________ in a way ____________________ all the way ____________________ __________ 迷路 3. reading preference ____________________ 【拓展】preference 偏爱，偏爱的事物；优先权 【review: prefer用法】 prefer __________ 更喜欢做…… 宁愿做……而不愿做…… prefer __________ sth. to __________ sth. prefer __________ sth. rather than __________ sth. = would rather __________ sth. than __________ sth. 4. __________ our lives __________ different types of books 通过阅读不同类型的书籍丰富我们的生活 【拓展】enrich v. ____________________ 【review】: __________ 在……方面丰富；在……方面富有 5. Read ten thousand books; travel ten thousand miles. ____________________ 6. The story and characters ____________________. 故事和人物都是虚构的。 make up: ____________________ ____________________ 由……构成 ____________________ = decide __________ 决定做某事 7. ______________________________ during this period of his life 探索一个男孩在此人生阶段中丰富的思想和情感世界 8. You must check it out! ____________________ check out __________; __________；__________ （口语）; __________ 【记忆口诀】: 结账退房、核对信息、出去看看、借书带走 9. After our ship ____________________ the rocks, I swam ____________________. 我们的船撞上岩石后，我尽力游了很远。 crash into __________ 10. ____________________ I finally felt land under my feet, I ____________________. 当我终于感觉到脚下的陆地时，我已经累坏了。 【by用法回顾】 (1) 表示时间： ____________________ by the time ____________________ (2) 表示方式/手段： by +交通工具 by doing sth. 通过做某事 (3) 表示位置： __________ by +地点 (4) 表示数量增减： 相差 increase by 20% __________ (5) 表示被动语态： __________ by +过去分词+by+执行者 The window ____________________ by Tom. (6) 固定搭配： by the way ____________________ ____________________ 独自；亲自 one by one ____________________ by accident ____________________ by mistake ____________________ ____________________ 筋疲力尽，非常累 be tired __________ sth. 对……厌烦 11. Then I ____________________ and ____________________. 然后我躺在草地上睡着了。 12. I woke up ____________________, but I found I could not move. 太阳升起时我醒来，却发现自己动弹不得。 13. It ____________________ and neck __________ it was standing near my face. 它向上移动，越过我的肚子和脖子，最后停在我的脸旁边。 【易错】stomach → pl. __________ 14. I ____________________ and saw a very small man. He was just ____________________ my little finger! 我低头一看，看到了一个非常小的人。他只有我的小指那么大！ 【look常考短语辨析】 look for 寻找 look out __________ look after 照顾 look up __________ look through __________ look over __________ look around __________ __________ 期待做某事 look down on/ upon __________ look into __________ 15. the __________ made some of them __________ 巨大的噪声让他们中的一些人摔倒了 【fall相关常考短语】 fall down __________ fall __________ 从……掉下来 fall __________ 落后 __________ 爱上…… fall __________ 入睡；睡着 fall __________ 生病 fall over __________ fall __________ 落入；陷入 16. However, they soon got up again and ____________________. 然而，他们很快就又站起来，继续在我身上移动。 continue doing sth. / to do sth. 继续做某事 = go on doing / to do sth. 【区别】: doing 指继续做____________________，to do指____________________。 17. I did not know ____________________. (1) 特殊疑问词+ to do 可跟在动词后面作__________ (2) either / neither/ nor/ none辨析： 单词 数量 含义 谓语动词 either 两者 任一；也（不） 单数 neither 两者 都不 单数 none 三者及以上 都不 单/复数均可 nor 连词 也不 搭配 neither 详细用法（必考） 1. either （两者之一） · either...or... 要么……要么……（__________） · not...either = __________ 也不 I don't like apples. Me either. （口语） 2. neither （两者都不） · neither...nor... 既不……也不……（__________） Neither she nor they know the answer. · neither + __________名词 Neither book is good. 3. none (__________都不） · none of + __________名词 None of the students is/are here. 回答： ____________________. — How many birds are there? — None. 4. nor （也不，连词） · 常与 neither 连用：neither...nor... · 倒装句：Nor + 助动词 + 主语 — I can't swim. — Nor can I. (= Neither can I.) 三、一句话记忆 · 两者选一个 → either · 两者都不要 → neither · 三个及以上都不要 → none 也不 放句首 → nor 18. I ____________________ but only ____________________ one hand out of the ropes. 我试图挣脱，但只成功地把一只手从绳子中抽了出来。 【break相关常考短语】 break out ____________________ break down ____________________ break into ____________________ break off ____________________ break up ____________________ break through ____________________ break away from ____________________ 19. I looked down and ____________________ tiny people. 我低头一看，看到了一大群小人。 army n. __________；陆军部队 an army of ... __________ 20. They were ____________________ me. 他们正朝我径直走来。 21. By the time I ____________________, I thought I was safe, but ____________________, I saw ____________________ tiny men in front of me. 当我到达森林时，我以为我安全了，但令我惊讶的是，我看到前面有一群小人。 22. I was wondering ____________________ while running ____________________. 我想知道我一边尽可能跑得快的同时接下来要做什么。 23. I fell over and couldn’t stand up ____________________. 我摔倒了，无法立即站起来。 24. This time I was ____________________. 这次我太累了而无法挣脱。 课堂基础巩固练习 1、 根据句意及提示写出单词 1. My English teacher told us that f__________ usually includes novels and short stories with imaginary characters and plots. 2. Harry Potter written by J.K. Rowling is one of my favourite n__________. 3. One of the camel’s __________ （胃） is to store water and the other is to store food. 4. It was dark. The police __________ （继续） searching for the lost children. 5. He saw a very small man __________ （绑） his shoes when he walked past the park. 6. Don’t push. You have to p___________ the door to open it. 7. The climbers used a long r __________ to help them reach the top of the mountain. 8. With all his strength, he l__________ the heavy box onto the shelf. 9. An __________ （大群） of bees were flying towards him. 10. Though she was the __________ （极小的） among all the students, she got the Best Student Award. 2、 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Could you recommend some of these famous __________ (write) novels for the Reading Club? 2. I __________ (read) the English novel for nearly a month, but it __________ (take) me another week to finish it. 3. He __________ (fall) down on the beach and __________ (fall) asleep. 4. __________ (relax) myself, I like to dance to some light music for a while. 5. — When __________ your father __________ (return) from the USA? — In two days. 6. I need two train tickets to Beijing, but I don’t know how __________ (book) them. 7. My father began __________ (talk) to me after he knew I failed my exam. 8. You can come over now, but 10 minutes is all I can spare __________ (talk) with you. 9. Even with three exams last week, Amy still managed __________ (prepare) the report by Friday. 10. As the __________ (say) goes, “Reading is dreaming with your eyes open.” 11. Mr Black’s silence during the meeting meant he didn’t want to continue __________ (talk) about the topic. 12. There are so many interesting books and I don’t know which __________ (choose). 13. This is __________ (tiny) toy I have ever seen. 14. His father does well in almost everything except __________ (tie) his own tie. 15. I felt it really __________ (touch) that the dying boy donated his kidney （肾） to his mother. 3、 翻译句子 1. 在汤姆到达山顶时，他已经筋疲力尽。 Tom ____________________ when he ____________________. 2. 我发现一只极小的蚂蚁继续爬过我的身体。 I __________________________________________________. 3. 刚才我们的车撞到了一块大石头。 Our car ________________________________________. 4. 他试图要弄断绳子，但没能成功。 He ______________________________ but ______________________________. 5. 人们为了乐趣读小说，小说中的故事和人物是编造的。 People ____________________ and the story ______________________________. 6. 非虚构作品讲述真实故事，记录事件或者提供信息。 Non-fiction ________________________________________. 7. 列夫托斯泰的《童年》值得一读吗？ _____________ Leo Tolstoy’s Childhood _______________? 8. 作者以第一人称探索了一个男孩丰富的内心生活。 The writer ________________________________________ in the first person. 四、短文填空 Kelvin lives in 1. __________ poor area. The electricity there is often shut off. He asked himself, “Could I help my community avoid 2. __________ (live) in the darkness?” He promised to solve this problem. He found broken electronic parts from the trash and divided 3. __________ (they) into groups. He learned how 4.__________ (invent) new things. At first, some people 5.__________ (doubt) his ability but he didn’t mind. Soon, he invented some simple batteries （电池） and these batteries gave light to dark villages. Later, they were 6. __________ (wide) used in many villages. When he was 14, the first local radio station in his community 7. __________ (complete) by Kelvin. He said, “People can talk about their 8.__________ (problem) on the radio and there will be more stations in the future.” It took him over 3 years to start the project, 9.__________ he thought it was still meaningful and worth it. A national TV station heard about his inventions and they asked him to show his work on live TV. Later, he was invited to visit the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to learn more about engineering there. After the end of the trip, Kelvin said, “I’ll share it 10. __________ my friends and family, and do it as a team.” 课后能力提升 1、 单项选择 1. I’m reading a book ______ the Qin Dynasty ______ Mr Li. A. by; about B. lend; interested C. about; about D. by; by 2. — What smells terrible? — Sorry, I’ll ______ my shoes and wash them at once. A. put away B. keep away C. move away D. get away 3. The temperature ______ until he returned on the air condition to ______ it. A. didn’t rise; raise C. didn’t raise; rise B. Rose; raise D. raised; rise 4. ______ he returned ______ last night, he was so tired. A. By the time; to home C. Every time; home B. By the time; home D. Every time; to home 5. — Iheard that during the marathon last week, one of the runners ______ because of the strong wind. — Yes, but he got up and finished the race in the end. A. fell behind B. fell ill C. fell over D. fell off 6. — I haven't finished the maths homework yet. — Me ______. The last problem is really challenging. A. too B. also C. either D. as well 7. My mother bought a coat for me. It is ______ my brother’s. but it has a different colour. A. The same big as C. as bigger as B. The same size as D. as same size as 8. There is ______ homework for us to do. We’re ______ to finish it in such a short time. A. such much; unable B. so much; unable B. so many; impossible D. such many; impossible 9. Jerry was so careless that he hit his head ______ the door when he walked past. A. Across B. against C. through D. over 10. You must ______ if you need to borrow that book from the school library. A. check put it C. check up it B. check it out D. check it up 二、完形填空 Hello,I am Maggie and I am a big red maple tree （枫树） in the center of Central Park in New York. Every part of me looks perfect. I love seeing all the people stop, stare at me, and say "That tree is beautiful"。 Those ___1___ make me feel special. One noon, I see a ___2___ head my way. I can hear all the frightening sounds nearing, but the most frightening one is the sound of almost half of my bark （树皮） being torn off （撕掉）. I feel ___3___. What will people think when they walk up to a worn-down tree in the middle of Central Park? Will they hate me and cut me down? These thoughts make my branches ache. The wind is blowing hard and the rain is falling heavily. I am crying since I am not so beautiful as I used to be. About five hours later, when the strong wind and the heavy rain die down, a nice opossum family come to me and ask if they can spend the ___4___ in one of my holes. The baby opossum is so cute that I can’t ___5___. Soon, round two of the storms comes. It ___6___ another part of my bark, ___7___ it doesn't worry me so much as I have a distraction （分散注意力的事物） — the opossum family. Other animals see my ___8___ act and come to me,too. Even though I feel great for ___9___ all the animals, I still haven't completely forgotten about what people might think about my ___10___. Instead of cutting me down, people ___11___ me even more for sheltering all those animals from the terrible weather. I ___12___ understand that "beautiful" can refer to more than just physical appearance. It can describe qualities such as kindness, intelligence, or the way something makes you feel. Beauty is subjective and can be found in many different things, not just in looks. ( )1. A. noises B. trees C. answers D. words ( )2. A. wind B. rain C. storm D. fog ( )3. A. angry B. worried C. bored D. surprised ( )4. A. morning B. noon C. night D. holiday ( )5. A. reply B. record C. report D. refuse ( )6. A. picks out B. looks for C. falls into D. tears off ( )7. A. but B. and C. so D. or ( )8. A. warm B. sudden C. cold D. strange ( )9. A. feeding B. fighting C. catching D. protecting ( )10. A. qualities B. looks C. duties D. abilities ( )11. A. love B. know C. water D. help ( )12. A. sometimes B. always C. finally D. hardly 三、阅读理解 In the past, the Tala Desert in Qinghai was described by the saying,“When the wind blows, stones roll and no grass grows.” Covering more than 600 square kilometers, 98.5% of this empty land has turned into desert.Almost nothing could live there. Yet, because it receives plenty of sunlight, this "lifeless place" was chosen as the site for one of China’s biggest solar power stations. In 2012, the first sets of solar panels （太阳能板） were set up. They were only meant to collect sunlight to produce electricity, but something unexpected happened for the environment. The panels worked like large sunshades. They reduced direct sunlight, slowed down wind erosion （侵蚀）, and helped the soil keep its moisture.In just a few years, plant coverage increased from less than 2% to 80%. However, new problems soon arose. The rapidly growing grass started to block sunlight from reaching the panels. This reduced electricity production and raised the risk of fires. Using chemical weed killers damaged the weak ecosystem, and asking people to cut the grass cost millions of yuan every year. Then, a local herder（牧民）half-jokingly suggested，“Why not let sheep eat the grass？” In 2016, 600 Tibetan sheep officially “started working.” They ate the grass under the panels, keeping it short and improving the soil with their waste. In return, the sheep grew healthier. The herders voluntarily joined the project and even formed a small group to take turns managing the areas, making sure the grass and sheep stay in balance. This created a lasting system of “solar power above, sheep below.” The power station saved on cleaning costs, herders-made more money, and the land became healthier. Today, the Tala Desert now supplies over 100 million kilowatt-hours of clean electricity annually and the number of sheep has increased to over 20,000, creating millions of yuan in value every year. The tale of the“photovoltaic sheep” （光伏羊） shows that when humans cooperate with nature instead of fighting it, even the toughest desert can glow with the hope of sustainable development （可持续发展）. 1. What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A. To introduce the problem in the desert. B. To explain how solar energy works. C. To show the view of the Tala Desert. D. To provide the background for the solar project. 2. What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A. The fast-growing grass helped increase electricity production. B. A local scientist first thought of letting sheep eat the grass. C. Asking people to cut grass cost a great deal of money. D. Using chemical weed killers was useful and helpful. 3. What are the achievements of the whole project? ①It produces tons of clean electricity. ②It stopped the wind from blowing in the desert. ③It greatly improved the local environment. ④It helps the local herders to raise sheep. A. ①②④ B. ①③④ C. ②③④ D. ①②③ 4. What can we infer from the text? A. Local herders supported the project and took part in it actively. B. The project will be widely used in all deserts around China. C. The main goal of the solar power station was to improve the environment. D. The success of the“photovoltaic sheep” project only happened by chance. 四、根据文章内容，回答问题（每个答案不超过10个单词） Twenty years ago in Costa Rica, three girls found a baby sloth （树懒） on a road. The little animal’s mother was killed by a car. These girls took the baby sloth to Judy, the owner of a hotel. Judy wanted to help, but she didn't know how to look after the sloth, so she called the zoo. With the help of the zoo, Judy took good care of the baby sloth. She named the baby sloth Buttercup. After her first success, more people brought Judy wounded sloths or baby sloths they found. Judy then opened a help centre. Today, the help centre has saved more than 500 sloths. Sloths live in the forests of Central America. We can also see them in South America. They hang onto the trees with their claws （爪子）. There are two main types of sloths. You can know them by the number of their claws. Sloths hardly move. They spend most of their time sleeping in the trees. But now, with the increase in population, human beings cause a lot of problems for these slow and quiet animals. The main problem is that the forests are becoming smaller and smaller. When trees are cut down, sloths will fall and hurt themselves. Some sloths live near human beings and they sometimes are hit by cars or killed by dogs. 1. Why did Judy call the zoo? 2. Where do the sloths live? 3. What are the sloths like? 4. What is the main problem for sloths? 5. How can we help sloths according to the last paragraph? 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $新译林8B U4 Welcome — Reading重点考点梳理讲义 (教师版) 1. a good read 好读物; 好书 (或文章) 2. Reading is a good way to open our minds. 阅读是开阔思维的好方式。 a good way to do sth. 做某事的好方式 【way相关中考常考短语】 on the way to... 在去......的路上 make one’s way to... 前往...... in the way 挡道 by the way 顺便说一下 in this way 用这种方法 in a way 在某种程度上 all the way 一路上；自始至终 lose one’s way 迷路 3. reading preference 阅读偏好 【拓展】preference 偏爱，偏爱的事物；优先权 【review: prefer用法】 prefer to do sth. 更喜欢做...... 宁愿做......而不愿做...... prefer doing sth. to doing sth. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. = would rather do sth. than do sth. 4. enrich our lives by reading different types of books 通过阅读不同类型的书籍丰富我们的生活 【拓展】enrich v. 充实；使丰富 【review】: be rich in... 在......方面丰富；在......方面富有 5. Read ten thousand books; travel ten thousand miles. 读万卷书，行万里路。 6. The story and characters are made up. 故事和人物都是虚构的。 make up: 构成；编造，编写；化妆 be made up of sth. 由......构成 make up one’s mind to do sth. = decide to do sth. 决定做某事 7. explore the rich world of a boy’s thoughts and feelings during this period of his life 探索一个男孩在此人生阶段中丰富的思想和情感世界 8. You must check it out! 你一定要看看这本书！ check out 结账离开(酒店/超市); 检查,核实；看看, 了解一下 (口语); 借出(图书) 【记忆口诀】: 结账退房、核对信息、出去看看、借书带走 9. After our ship crashed against the rocks, I swam as far as I could. 我们的船撞上岩石后，我尽力游了很远。 crash into 猛撞，猛击 10. By the time I finally felt land under my feet, I was tired out. 当我终于感觉到脚下的陆地时，我已经累坏了。 【by用法回顾】 (1) 表示时间: 在......之前；不迟于 by the time 到......时候为止 (2) 表示方式/手段： by +交通工具 by doing sth. 通过做某事 (3) 表示位置: 在......旁边 by +地点 (4) 表示数量增减: 相差 increase by 20% 增加了20% (5) 表示被动语态: 被；由 by +过去分词+by+执行者 The window was broken by Tom. (6) 固定搭配: by the way 顺便说一下 by oneself 独自；亲自 one by one 一个接一个 by accident 偶然地 by mistake 错误地 be tired out 精疲力尽，非常累 be tired of sth. 对......厌烦 11. Then I lay down on the grass and fell asleep. 然后我躺在草地上睡着了。 12. I woke up as the sun was rising, but I found I could not move. 太阳升起时我醒来，却发现自己动弹不得。 13. It moved up over my stomach and neck until it was standing near my face. 它向上移动，越过我的肚子和脖子，最后停在我的脸旁边。 【易错】stomach → pl. Stomachs 14. I looked down and saw a very small man. He was just the same size as my little finger! 我低头一看，看到了一个非常小的人。他只有我的小指那么大！ 【look常考短语辨析】 look for 寻找 look out 当心；小心 look after 照顾 look up 查阅(字典); 向上看 look through 游览；快速查看 look over 检查; 仔细查看 look around 环顾四周 look forward to doing sth. 期待做某事 look down on/ upon 轻视; 看不起 look into 调查 15. the loud noise made some of them fall over 巨大的噪音让他们中的一些人摔倒了 【fall相关常考短语】 fall down 跌倒；倒塌 fall off 从......掉下来 fall behind 落后 fall in love with 爱上...... fall asleep 入睡；睡着 fall ill 生病 fall over 绊倒 fall into 落入；陷入 16. However, they soon got up again and continued moving across my body. 然而，他们很快就又站起来，继续在我身上移动。 continue doing sth. / to do sth. 继续做某事 = go on doing / to do sth. 【区别】: doing 指继续做同一件事，to do指做完一件事，继续做另一件事。 17. I did not know what to say either. (1) 特殊疑问词+ to do 可跟在动词后面作宾语 (2) either / neither/ nor/ none辨析： 单词 数量 含义 谓语动词 either 两者 任一；也（不） 单数 neither 两者 都不 单数 none 三者及以上 都不 单/复数均可 nor 连词 也不 搭配 neither 详细用法（必考） 1. either (两者之一) · either...or... 要么...要么...（就近原则） · not...either = neither 也不 I don't like apples. Me either. (口语) 2. neither (两者都不) · neither...nor... 既不...也不...（就近原则） Neither she nor they know the answer. · neither + 单数名词 Neither book is good. 3. none (三者及以上都不) · none of + 复数名词 None of the students is/are here. 回答： How many...? — How many birds are there? — None. 4. nor (也不，连词) · 常与 neither 连用：neither...nor... · 倒装句：Nor + 助动词 + 主语 — I can't swim. — Nor can I. (= Neither can I.) 三、一句话记忆 · 两者选一个 → either · 两者都不要 → neither · 三个及以上都不要 → none 也不 放句首 → nor 18. I tried to break free but only managed to pull one hand out of the ropes. 我试图挣脱，但只成功地把一只手从绳子中抽了出来。 【break相关常考短语】 break out (战争、火灾、疾病等)突然爆发 break down (机器、车辆)出故障，坏掉; (身体、精神) 垮掉; 分解 break into 强行闯入，破门而入 break off 突然中断, 突然停止; 折断 break up 解散；分手；打碎 break through 突破；冲破 break away from 摆脱；脱离；挣脱 19. I looked down and saw a huge army of tiny people. 我低头一看，看到了一大群小人。 army n. 大批，大群；陆军部队 an army of ... 一群 20. They were coming straight towards me. 他们正朝我径直走来。 21. By the time I reached the forest, I thought I was safe, but to my surprise, I saw a crowd of tiny men in front of me. 当我到达森林时，我以为我安全了，但令我惊讶的是，我看到前面又一群小人。 22. I was wondering what to do next while running as fast as I could. 我想知道我一边尽可能跑得快的同时接下来要做什么。 23. I fell over and couldn’t stand up right away. 我摔倒了，无法立即站起来。 24. This time I was too tired to break free. 这次我太累了而无法挣脱。 课堂基础巩固练习 1、 根据句意及提示写出单词 1. My English teacher told us that f__________ usually includes novels and short stories with imaginary characters and plots. 2. Harry Potter written by J.K. Rowling is one of my favourite n__________. 3. One of the camel’s __________ (胃) is to store water and the other is to store food. 4. It was dark. The police __________ (继续) searching for the lost children. 5. He saw a very small man __________ (绑) his shoes when he walked past the park. 6. Don’t push. You have to p___________ the door to open it. 7. The climbers used a long r __________ to help them reach the top of the mountain. 8. With all his strength, he l__________ the heavy box onto the shelf. 9. An __________ (大群) of bees were flying towards him. 10. Though she was the __________ (极小的) among all the students, she got the Best Student Award. 【答案】 fiction; novels; stomachs; continued; tying; pull; rope; lifted; army; tiniest 2、 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Could you recommend some of these famous __________ (write) novels for the Reading Club? 2. I __________ (read) the English novel for nearly a month, but it __________ (take) me another week to finish it. 3. He __________ (fall) down on the beach and __________ (fall) asleep. 4. __________ (relax) myself, I like to dance to some light music for a while. 5. — When __________ your father __________ (return) from the USA? — In two days. 6. I need two train tickets to Beijing, but I don’t know how __________ (book) them. 7. My father began __________ (talk) to me after he knew I failed my exam. 8. You can come over now, but 10 minutes is all I can spare __________ (talk) with you. 9. Even with three exams last week, Amy still managed __________ (prepare) the report by Friday. 10. As the __________ (say) goes, “Reading is dreaming with your eyes open.” 11. Mr Black’s silence during the meeting meant he didn’t want to continue __________ (talk) about the topic. 12. There are so many interesting books and I don’t know which __________ (choose). 13. This is __________ (tiny) toy I have ever seen. 14. His father does well in almost everything except __________ (tie) his own tie. 15. I felt it really __________ (touch) that the dying boy donated his kidney (肾) to his mother. 【答案】 writers’; have read, will take; fell, fell; To relax; will, return; to book; to talk; to prepare; saying; talking; to choose; the tiniest; tying; touching 3、 翻译句子 1. 在汤姆到达山顶时，他已经筋疲力尽。 Tom ____________________ when he ____________________. 2. 我发现一只极小的蚂蚁继续爬过我的身体。 I __________________________________________________. 3. 刚才我们的车撞到了一块大石头。 Our car ________________________________________. 4. 他试图要弄断绳子，但没能成功。 He ______________________________ but ______________________________. 5. 人们为了乐趣读小说，小说中的故事和人物是编造的。 People ____________________ and the story ______________________________. 6. 非虚构作品讲述真实故事，记录事件或者提供信息。 Non-fiction ________________________________________. 7. 列夫托斯泰的《童年》值得一读吗？ _____________ Leo Tolstoy’s Childhood _______________? 8. 作者以第一人称探索了一个男孩丰富的内心生活。 The writer ________________________________________ in the first person. 【答案】 1. was tired out; reached the top of the mountain 2. found a tiny ant continuing to climb across my body 3. crashed against a huge stone just now 4. tried to break off the rope; failed 5. tead novels for fun; and characters in novels are made up 6. tells true stories, records events or provides information 7. Is; worth reading 8. Explores the rich world of a boy’s thoughts and feelings 四、短文填空 Kelvin lives in 1. __________ poor area. The electricity there is often shut off. He asked himself, “Could I help my community avoid 2. __________ (live) in the darkness?” He promised to solve this problem. He found broken electronic parts from the trash and divided 3. __________ (they) into groups. He learned how 4.__________ (invent) new things. At first, some people 5.__________ (doubt) his ability but he didn’t mind. Soon, he invented some simple batteries (电池) and these batteries gave light to dark villages. Later, they were 6. __________ (wide) used in many villages. When he was 14, the first local radio station in his community 7. __________ (complete) by Kelvin. He said, “People can talk about their 8.__________ (problem) on the radio and there will be more stations in the future.” It took him over 3 years to start the project, 9.__________ he thought it was still meaningful and worth it. A national TV station heard about his inventions and they asked him to show his work on live TV. Later, he was invited to visit the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to learn more about engineering there. After the end of the trip, Kelvin said, “I’ll share it 10. __________ my friends and family, and do it as a team.” 【答案】 1. a; 2. living; 3. them; 4. to invent; 5. doubted; 6. widely; 7. was completed; 8. problems; 9. but; 10.with 课后能力提升 1、 单项选择 1. I’m reading a book ______ the Qin Dynasty ______ Mr Li. A. by; about B. lend; interested C. about; about D. by; by 2. — What smells terrible? — Sorry, I’ll ______ my shoes and wash them at once. A. put away B. keep away C. move away D. get away 3. The temperature ______ until he returned on the air condition to ______ it. A. didn’t rise; raise C. didn’t raise; rise B. rose; raise D. raised; rise 4. ______ he returned ______ last night, he was so tired. A. By the time; to home C. Every time; home B. By the time; home D. Every time; to home 5. — Iheard that during the marathon last week, one of the runners ______ because of the strong wind. — Yes, but he got up and finished the race in the end. A. fell behind B. fell ill C. fell over D. fell off 6. — I haven't finished the maths homework yet. — Me ______. The last problem is really challenging. A. too B. also C. either D. as well 7. My mother bought a coat for me. It is ______ my brother’s. but it has a different colour. A. The same big as C. as bigger as B. The same size as D. as same size as 8. There is ______ homework for us to do. We’re ______ to finish it in such a short time. A. such much; unable B. so much; unable B. so many; impossible D. such many; impossible 9. Jerry was so careless that he hit his head ______ the door when he walked past. A. Across B. against C. through D. over 10. You must ______ if you need to borrow that book from the school library. A. check put it C. check up it B. check it out D. check it up 【答案】 1-5: ACABC 6-10: CBBBB 二、完形填空 Hello,I am Maggie and I am a big red maple tree (枫树) in the center of Central Park in New York. Every part of me looks perfect. I love seeing all the people stop, stare at me, and say “That tree is beautiful”. Those ___1___ make me feel special. One noon, I see a ___2___ head my way. I can hear all the frightening sounds nearing, but the most frightening one is the sound of almost half of my bark (树皮) being torn off (撕掉). I feel ___3___. What will people think when they walk up to a worn-down tree in the middle of Central Park? Will they hate me and cut me down? These thoughts make my branches ache. The wind is blowing hard and the rain is falling heavily. I am crying since I am not so beautiful as I used to be. About five hours later, when the strong wind and the heavy rain die down, a nice opossum family come to me and ask if they can spend the ___4___ in one of my holes. The baby opossum is so cute that I can’t ___5___. Soon, round two of the storms comes. It ___6___ another part of my bark, ___7___ it doesn't worry me so much as I have a distraction (分散注意力的事物) — the opossum family. Other animals see my ___8___ act and come to me,too. Even though I feel great for ___9___ all the animals, I still haven't completely forgotten about what people might think about my ___10___. Instead of cutting me down, people ___11___ me even more for sheltering all those animals from the terrible weather. I ___12___ understand that “beautiful” can refer to more than just physical appearance. It can describe qualities such as kindness, intelligence, or the way something makes you feel. Beauty is subjective and can be found in many different things, not just in looks. ( )1. A. noises B. trees C. answers D. words ( )2. A. wind B. rain C. storm D. fog ( )3. A. angry B. worried C. bored D. surprised ( )4. A. morning B. noon C. night D. holiday ( )5. A. reply B. record C. report D. refuse ( )6. A. picks out B. looks for C. falls into D. tears off ( )7. A. but B. and C. so D. or ( )8. A. warm B. sudden C. cold D. strange ( )9. A. feeding B. fighting C. catching D. protecting ( )10. A. qualities B. looks C. duties D. abilities ( )11. A. love B. know C. water D. help ( )12. A. sometimes B. always C. finally D. hardly 【答案】1-5: DCBCD 6-10: DAADB 11-12: AC 三、阅读理解 In the past, the Tala Desert in Qinghai was described by the saying,“When the wind blows, stones roll and no grass grows.” Covering more than 600 square kilometers, 98.5% of this empty land has turned into desert.Almost nothing could live there. Yet, because it receives plenty of sunlight, this “lifeless place” was chosen as the site for one of China’s biggest solar power stations. In 2012, the first sets of solar panels (太阳能板) were set up. They were only meant to collect sunlight to produce electricity, but something unexpected happened for the environment. The panels worked like large sunshades. They reduced direct sunlight, slowed down wind erosion (侵蚀), and helped the soil keep its moisture.In just a few years, plant coverage increased from less than 2% to 80%. However, new problems soon arose. The rapidly growing grass started to block sunlight from reaching the panels. This reduced electricity production and raised the risk of fires. Using chemical weed killers damaged the weak ecosystem, and asking people to cut the grass cost millions of yuan every year. Then, a local herder(牧民)half-jokingly suggested,“Why not let sheep eat the grass?” In 2016, 600 Tibetan sheep officially “started working.” They ate the grass under the panels, keeping it short and improving the soil with their waste. In return, the sheep grew healthier. The herders voluntarily joined the project and even formed a small group to take turns managing the areas, making sure the grass and sheep stay in balance. This created a lasting system of “solar power above, sheep below.” The power station saved on cleaning costs, herders-made more money, and the land became healthier. Today, the Tala Desert now supplies over 100 million kilowatt-hours of clean electricity annually and the number of sheep has increased to over 20,000, creating millions of yuan in value every year. The tale of the“photovoltaic sheep” (光伏羊) shows that when humans cooperate with nature instead of fighting it, even the toughest desert can glow with the hope of sustainable development (可持续发展). 1. What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A. To introduce the problem in the desert. B. To explain how solar energy works. C. To show the view of the Tala Desert. D. To provide the background for the solar project. 2. What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A. The fast-growing grass helped increase electricity production. B. A local scientist first thought of letting sheep eat the grass. C. Asking people to cut grass cost a great deal of money. D. Using chemical weed killers was useful and helpful. 3. What are the achievements of the whole project? ①It produces tons of clean electricity. ②It stopped the wind from blowing in the desert. ③It greatly improved the local environment. ④It helps the local herders to raise sheep. A. ①②④ B. ①③④ C. ②③④ D. ①②③ 4. What can we infer from the text? A. Local herders supported the project and took part in it actively. B. The project will be widely used in all deserts around China. C. The main goal of the solar power station was to improve the environment. D. The success of the“photovoltaic sheep” project only happened by chance. 【答案】DCBA 四、根据文章内容，回答问题(每个答案不超过10个单词) Twenty years ago in Costa Rica, three girls found a baby sloth (树懒) on a road. The little animal’s mother was killed by a car. These girls took the baby sloth to Judy, the owner of a hotel. Judy wanted to help, but she didn't know how to look after the sloth, so she called the zoo. With the help of the zoo, Judy took good care of the baby sloth. She named the baby sloth Buttercup. After her first success, more people brought Judy wounded sloths or baby sloths they found. Judy then opened a help centre. Today, the help centre has saved more than 500 sloths. Sloths live in the forests of Central America. We can also see them in South America. They hang onto the trees with their claws (爪子). There are two main types of sloths. You can know them by the number of their claws. Sloths hardly move. They spend most of their time sleeping in the trees. But now, with the increase in population, human beings cause a lot of problems for these slow and quiet animals. The main problem is that the forests are becoming smaller and smaller. When trees are cut down, sloths will fall and hurt themselves. Some sloths live near human beings and they sometimes are hit by cars or killed by dogs. 1. Why did Judy call the zoo? 2. Where do the sloths live? 3. What are the sloths like? 4. What is the main problem for sloths? 5. How can we help sloths according to the last paragraph? 【答案】 1. She didn’t know to care for sloths. 2. In Central and South America’s forests. 3. Slow and quiet. 4. Forests are getting smaller. 5. Stop cutting down trees. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $