Unit 1 Face values Using language 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语外研版选择性必修第三册

语法微专题1 主语从句 It's all about ME! Unit 1 Face values Using Language a noun, noun phrase or pronoun ①representing the person or thing that performs the action of the verb ②about which something is stated ③in a passive sentence, that is affected by the action of the verb I sat down. The house is very old. The tree was blown down in the storm. 5. To find your way can be a problem. 4. Smoking is bad for you. 1. Jane works hard. 2. You are a student. 3. The old should be respected. What’s the subject and subject clauses? 6. What she said is not yet known. 结论：主语:句子说明的人或事物，一般放在______。 主语从句:在主从复合句中，充当 的从句。 句首 主语从句作主语 名词作主语 代词作主语 形容词作主语 动名词作主语 动词不定式作主语 7. It is a pity that you didn’t see him. 主语从句作主语 主语 4 在复合句中，如作主语的是一个从句，该从句被称为主语从句。主语从句必须用陈述语序。 That she was beautiful was plain to everyone. How a book will sell depends much on the reviewer(评论者). Whether he'll come hasn't been decided. = It hasn't been decided whether he'll come. 形式主语 真正主语 定义 S S S 语法知识点拨 二、引导主语从句的常见连接词 1.从属连词that、whether、if (1)that引导主语从句只起连接作用,在从句中不充当任何成分,that本身无实际意义,但不能省略。 That price will go up is certain. 价格上涨是肯定的。 (2)whether引导的主语从句既可以放在句首也可以放在句末,但if引导的主语从句只能放在句末,前面需用it作形式主语。whether/if在从句中不充当任何句子成分,只起连接作用,意为“是否”,不能省略。 Whether the meeting will be held on time is still a question because of the hurricane. 由于飓风的影响,这次会议是否会如期举行还是个问题。 It is still under discussion whether/if the old station should be replaced with a modern hotel. 是否该用一家现代化的旅馆取代这个旧的车站仍在讨论中。 2.连接代词who、whoever、whom、whose、what、whatever、which、whichever等含有此类连接代词的主语从句语序为陈述语序,一般不用形式主语it引导。此类连接代词在句子中充当成分,不能省略,既有疑问含义,又起连接作用。 Which athlete will break the record is not clear. 还不清楚哪位运动员将打破纪录。 Who discovered the new planet remains a mystery. 谁发现了这颗新行星仍然是个谜。 Whoever breaks the law will be punished. 任何违法者都将受到惩罚。 ①what和that引导的主语从句的区别 that 只起引导作用,不充当任何成分,本身无实际意义。what 不仅起引导作用,还要充当一定成分(主语、宾语或表语),意为“……的事情”。 温馨提示 What we need is more practice.(what在主语从句中充当动词need的宾语) 我们需要的是更多练习。 That she will win the speech contest is certain.(that在主语从句中不充当成分) 她是肯定会赢得这场演讲比赛的。 ②whatever/whoever的用法 whatever/whoever可以引导主语从句,并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等,不含疑问意义。whatever相当于anything that,whoever 相当于anyone who。 温馨提示 Whoever/Anyone who wants to enter this school must pass the exam. (whoever在主语从句中充当主语) 无论谁想进入这所学校都必须通过考试。 Whatever/Anything that she did was right.(whatever在主语从句中充当动词did的宾语) 她做的任何事都是对的。 3.连接副词when、where、how、why此类连接词既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当成分,不能省略。 How this happened is not clear to anyone.(how在主语从句中充当方式状语) 任何人都不清楚这是如何发生的。 When he will be back depends on the weather.(when在主语从句中充当时间状语) 他什么时候会回来取决于天气状况。 Where the party will be held is not yet decided.(where在主语从句中充当地点状语) 派对将在哪里举行尚未决定。 [语境运用] 句子语法填空 ❶It was hard to imagine 　　　 was bothering that poor boy at that time.  ❷　　　　 a telephone works is a question which not everyone can answer.  ❸It is not a problem 　　 　　 we can win the battle;it’s just a matter of time.  ❹　　　　 John was late for class has been unexplained,making his teacher annoyed.  what How whether/if Why 三、主语从句后置 为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it 作形式主语,将主语从句放在后面作真正的主语。 That regular exercise improves memory is widely accepted by scientists.可改写为: It is widely accepted by scientists that regular exercise improves memory. It is most likely that those who study hard will achieve good grades. 努力学习的人最有可能会取得好成绩。 用it 作形式主语的结构有: 1.It+be动词+形容词+that 从句 常用于这一结构的形容词有obvious、true、surprising、good、wonderful、funny、possible、likely、certain、probable等。 2.It+be动词+名词(短语)+that 从句 常用于这一结构的名词(短语)有fact、honour、pity、shame、surprise、no wonder、common knowledge等。 It’s a pity that she missed the important lecture. 很遗憾她错过了那场重要的讲座。 3.It+be动词+过去分词+that 从句 常用于这一结构的过去分词有said、reported、thought、expected、decided、announced等。 It is said that the famous scientist will give a lecture in our school next week. 据说那位著名的科学家下周将在我们学校做讲座。 4.It+不及物动词(短语)+that 从句 常用于这一结构的不及物动词(短语)有appear、seem、happen、prove、matter、turn out、occur to等。 It happened that I knew his address. 碰巧我知道他的地址。 ①在“It is suggested/advised/ordered/requested/insisted/required that...”句型中,从句要用虚拟语气,即从句的谓语应用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。 温馨提示 It is suggested that students (should) read more extra-curricular books to broaden their horizons. 有人建议学生们多读课外书来拓宽视野。 ②在“It is important/natural/necessary/impossible that...”句型中,从句也要用虚拟语气,即从句的谓语应用“should + 动词原形”,should可以省略。 温馨提示 It is important and necessary that we (should) keep the balance of nature. 我们保持自然的平衡是重要且必要的。 [语境运用] 完成句子 ❶　　　　　　　　 (据说) my roommate will go abroad for further study.  ❷　　　　　　　 　 (难怪) your students have made such great progress. ❸　　　　　　　　　 (看起来好像) it is going to rain.  It is said that It is no wonder that It seems that 四、主语从句的规律 规律一:主语从句一律用陈述语序,即主语在前,谓语在后。 正:When he will come is not known. 误:When will he come is not known. 规律二:连词that 在从句中无实际意义,但不能省略。 正:That he will not come to the meeting this evening is true. 误:He will not come to the meeting this evening is true. 规律三:whether 引导主语从句可以放在句首,但if不能。 正:Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet. 误:If the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet. 规律四:主语从句中的连接词不能重叠使用。 正:That he will help others is a fact. 误:That whether he will help others is a fact. 规律五:含主语从句的主句谓语动词多用第三人称单数形式。 正:What he will do next is a puzzle. 误:What he will do next are a puzzle. [语境运用] 句子语法填空 ❶　　　　 she was at the entrance to the cinema then was a big surprise to me.  ❷　　　 　 the radiation will be controlled is still unknown.  ❸What makes the shop different 　　　　 (be) that it offers more personal services.  That Whether is 真题体验 1.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)　　　　 worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients.  【解析】 考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导主语从句,在从句中作主语,意为“……的事情”,应用what;单词位于句首,首字母应大写。故填What。 What 2.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)She says it is essential 　　　　 we keep control of artificial intelligence,or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse.  【解析】 考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知,句中it为形式主语,设空处引导的从句作真正的主语,且从句中不缺成分,语义完整,应用that。故填that。 that 3.(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)　 　 just happened that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot,Karen,who offered to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.  【解析】 考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处为“It happened that...”结构,意为“碰巧……”,其中It为形式主语,真正的主语为后面的that从句。此处应用it来指代后面的that从句,且位于句首,首字母应大写。故填It。 It 4.(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)　　　　 I was to do was fly to Topeka to pick up Tiffy.  【解析】 考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导主语从句,在从句中作do的宾语,意为“……的事情”,应用what;单词位于句首,首字母应大写。故填What。 What 语法专项训练 Ⅰ.完成句子 1.　　　　　　　 　(据要求) all the members be present at the meeting.  2.　　　　　　　　　　　 　　(无论谁最后离开房间) ought to turn off the lights.  3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　(我在哪里度过暑假) has not been decided yet.  4.It’s uncertain 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(这个实验是否值得做).  5.　　　　　　　 　 (很显然) she has known the news.  It is required that Whoever leaves the room last Where I spend my summer vacation whether/if the experiment is worth doing It is obvious that 6.It remains a question 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(我们如何能筹到这么多钱) in such a short time.  7.　　　　　　　　(碰巧) I went to visit my teacher that day.  8.　　　　　　　 　(预计) the building will be completed next week.  9.　　　 　　　　　　　　　　(无论谁热衷于这项活动) can sign up for it.  10.　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(她被选中参加比赛) made us very happy.  how we can raise so much money It happened that It is expected that Whoever is keen on the activity That she was chosen to take part in the competition Ⅱ.语篇填空 　　It is a common sense 1.　　 beauty is a gift from heaven.However, 2. 　　 people are likely to pay more attention to is often external beauty alone.3.　　　 　 assigns labels to people based on what others look like tends to misjudge others.For instance,teenagers are especially vulnerable to blind appearance worship.As a result,4.　　　 they should follow the steps of some people sometimes confuses them.From another perspective,valuing inner beauty helps enhance personal charm and bring out the best of oneself. that what Whoever whether To sum up,5.　　　 　 we had better appreciate inner beauty is that all meaningful and lasting changes start on the inside.Likewise,we should learn how to transform ourselves by changing from within.  why 【同步小练】 1.__________is a pity that your parents didn’t allow yu to follow us. 2. __________is agreed that we will set off tomorrow. 3.__________part of the country he will tarvel to needs discussing. 4.Your support is important to our work.__________you can do helps. 5.__________we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel. 6.__________is fantastic about history is the way it brodens our horizens. It It Which What How What 在空白处填入适当的引导词 7.__________surprised me most about history was that such a little girl of 7 could play the violin so well. 8. __________his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain. 9.__________the valuable paintings were hidden is still a mystery. 10.__________the children in the area long for most at present are books. 11.__________we deal with the problem will depend on our leader. 12.__________she is worried about most is her lover. What Whether Where What How Who 1. ______(That/What) Nancy won first place in the contest made her parents happy and proud. 2. ________(If/Whether) the sports meeting will be held this weekend mainly depends on the weather. 3. ______(What/Who) struck me most in the movie was the father's deep love for his son. 4. Whatever the reasons may be, it is clear ______(that/which) many people are spending more time checking their mobile phones. 5. It is widely believed _____ (how/that) the Internet plays a very important part in our work and life. I. 选择填空。 That Whether What that that II. 用适当的连接词填空。 1. _____ the living conditions and income of the farmers have greatly improved makes people happy. 2. _________________________ Mr. Liu will return from the US is still unknown to me. 3. _______ we can’t get seems better than ______we have. 4. From the very start it was obvious _______ Adele had outstanding natural abilities. 5. _________ will be the leader of the team has not been decided yet. That Whether/When/How/Why What what that Who Summary 主语从句 复合句中用作主语的从句叫作主语从句 含义 从属连词: that, whether 连接代词: who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, what, whatever, which, whichever 连接副词: when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however 连接词 注意 语序问题: 陈述语序(主语+谓语) 主谓一致问题 It作形式主语的句型 Summary 主语从句三要素 Whether anyone can break her records is not sure. 主语从句不能省略_________ 主语从句用 _______ 语序 主语从句做主语时，句子谓语动词一般用______ 单 数 引 导 词 陈 述 $