Unit 12 The Wonderland of Literature（任务型阅读专练）英语新教材仁爱科普版八年级下册

Unit 12 The Wonderland of Literature任务型阅读专练 话题：文学世界与文学欣赏 基础篇 01 What Is Literature? Literature is a wonderful world of words. It includes many different types of writing. Each type has its own special features. Fairy tales are stories with magic and wonder. They often begin with "Once upon a time" and end with "happily ever after." Stories like Cinderella and The Little Match Girl make us dream and feel. Fables are short stories that teach us lessons. They often use animals as characters. Aesop’s fables, such as The Lion and the Mouse, tell us that even the smallest friend can be a great help. Novels are long stories. They have many characters and take us on long journeys. Journey to the West is a great novel. We follow the Monkey King and learn about friendship and courage. Poems use beautiful language to express feelings. They have rhythm and rhyme. Li Bai’s poems make us feel the beauty of nature and the sadness of missing home. Dramas are written to be performed on stage. Lao She’s Teahouse shows us the lives of common people in old Beijing. No matter what you like, there is a type of literature waiting for you. 阅读短文，回答问题。 1．What are fairy tales usually about? ______________________________________________________ 2．What kind of stories are fables? ______________________________________________________ 3．Which novel is mentioned in the passage? ______________________________________________________ 4．What do poems use to express feelings? ______________________________________________________ 5．Why are dramas special? ______________________________________________________ 02 My Favorite Story Character My favorite story character is the Little Match Girl from Hans Christian Andersen’s fairy tale. She is a poor girl who sells matches on a cold New Year’s Eve. She is cold and hungry, but she is afraid to go home because her father will punish her if she doesn’t sell any matches. What I like about her is her hope. Even in the coldest night, she dreams of warmth and happiness. When she lights the matches, she sees wonderful visions—a warm stove, a delicious feast, and her beloved grandmother. These visions give her comfort. The story makes me feel sad, but it also teaches me something important. I learn to be thankful for what I have and to care for those in need. The Little Match Girl may be poor, but her heart is full of hope. That is why she is my favorite character. 阅读短文，回答问题。 1．Who is the writer’s favorite story character? ______________________________________________________ 2．Why is the girl afraid to go home? ______________________________________________________ 3．What does the girl see when she lights the matches? ______________________________________________________ 4．What does the writer learn from the story? ______________________________________________________ 5．Why does the writer like the Little Match Girl? ______________________________________________________ 03 How to Choose a Book Choosing a good book can be hard. There are so many books in the library. How do you find the right one for you? First, think about what you like. Do you enjoy stories about magic? Try fairy tales. Do you like animals that talk? Fables might be for you. Do you want to read about real people? Biographies are a good choice. Second, read the back cover. It usually tells you what the book is about. If the story sounds interesting, you can give it a try. Third, read the first few pages. If you find yourself wanting to know what happens next, the book is probably for you. Fourth, ask for advice. Your friends, parents, or teachers may have good ideas. They can tell you about books they love. Remember, the best book is the one you enjoy reading. Don’t be afraid to put down a book that doesn’t interest you. There is always another one waiting. 阅读文章并回答下列问题。 1．What is the passage mainly about? ______________________________________________________ 2．What can you do if you like stories about magic? ______________________________________________________ 3．What can you learn from the back cover? ______________________________________________________ 4．How can you know if a book is right for you after reading the first few pages? ______________________________________________________ 5．What should you do if a book doesn’t interest you? ______________________________________________________ 04 The Writer and His Teahouse Lao She is one of the greatest writers in modern China. His play Teahouse is a treasure in Chinese literature. The story takes place in a teahouse in Beijing. It covers three periods from the late Qing Dynasty to the 1940s. The play has more than 60 characters. Each character comes from a different background. Through them, readers can see how Chinese society changed during that time. The main character is Wang Lifa, the teahouse manager. He tries hard to keep the teahouse running. But life becomes too difficult for him in the end. Master Chang is a regular visitor. He is a Manchu who cares deeply about others. He helps Wang Lifa when he is in trouble. Qin Zhongyi is the landlord of the teahouse. He dreams of building a better nation by opening factories and banks. Sadly, his dream fails. Teahouse is not only a great play but also a window into old Beijing. It shows us the lives of ordinary people and the changes in Chinese society. 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 1．What is the name of Lao She’s famous play? ______________________________________________________ 2．How many characters are there in the play? ______________________________________________________ 3．What does Wang Lifa try to do? ______________________________________________________ 4．What does Qin Zhongyi dream of? ______________________________________________________ 5．Why is Teahouse like a window into old Beijing? ______________________________________________________ 05 Why Read Fairy Tales? Some people think fairy tales are only for children. But fairy tales are for everyone. They teach us important lessons about life. Fairy tales often have good and evil. The good characters are kind, brave, and honest. The evil characters are selfish and cruel. In the end, good always wins. This gives us hope. Fairy tales also help us understand our feelings. When we read about the Little Match Girl’s sadness, we feel sad too. When we see the ugly duckling become a beautiful swan, we feel happy. Reading fairy tales helps us learn about ourselves. Many fairy tales have been told for hundreds of years. They come from different cultures around the world. When we read them, we learn about other people’s stories and traditions. So next time you pick up a fairy tale, remember: you are not just reading a story. You are learning about life, feelings, and the world. 阅读短文，回答问题。 1．Who are fairy tales for? ______________________________________________________ 2．What happens in the end of most fairy tales? ______________________________________________________ 3．How do fairy tales help us understand our feelings? ______________________________________________________ 4．Where do fairy tales come from? ______________________________________________________ 5．What can we learn from fairy tales? ______________________________________________________ 培优篇 06 Hans Christian Andersen: The Father of Fairy Tales Hans Christian Andersen is one of the most famous fairy tale writers in the world. His stories, such as The Ugly Duckling and The Little Match Girl, have been loved by children for generations. But do you know about his own life? Andersen was born in 1805 in Denmark. His family was very poor. His father was a shoemaker, and his mother was a washerwoman. As a boy, Andersen loved to listen to stories. He also loved to create his own plays with puppets. When he was 14, he moved to Copenhagen to become an actor. But he failed. Later, with the help of kind people, he went to school. At school, he was much older than the other students and often felt unhappy. However, he discovered that he had a talent for writing. His first fairy tales came out in 1835. At first, people did not like them. Some critics said they were not suitable for children. But Andersen did not give up. He kept writing, and soon people began to love his stories. Many of his stories are about his own life. The Ugly Duckling is a good example. The ugly duckling was laughed at because it looked different. But in the end, it grew into a beautiful swan. Andersen himself had a difficult start, but he finally found his place in the world. Today, Andersen’s stories are read in more than 100 languages. They teach children about kindness, courage, and being true to oneself. 阅读短文，回答问题。 1．What did Andersen love to do as a boy? ______________________________________________________ 2．Why did Andersen feel unhappy at school? ______________________________________________________ 3．When did Andersen’s first fairy tales come out? ______________________________________________________ 4．How is The Ugly Duckling like Andersen’s own life? ______________________________________________________ 5．What do Andersen’s stories teach children? ______________________________________________________ 07 Why Reading Stories Makes Us Better People Reading stories is not just fun. It can also make us better people. Scientists have found that when we read stories, our brains become more active. When we read about a character’s feelings, our brain acts as if we are having those feelings ourselves. If the character is sad, we feel sad. If the character is happy, we feel happy. This helps us understand other people’s feelings better. Scientists call this “empathy.” Reading stories also helps us see the world in new ways. When we read about people from different places or times, we learn that they are not so different from us. They have hopes, fears, and dreams just like we do. This makes us more open-minded. In one study, children who read Harry Potter books became more understanding of people who are different. They learned to accept others and stand up against unfairness. So next time you pick up a book, remember: you are not just having fun. You are also becoming a kinder, more understanding person. 阅读短文，回答问题。 1．What happens to our brains when we read stories? ______________________________________________________ 2．What does “empathy” mean according to the passage? ______________________________________________________ 3．How does reading stories help us see the world in new ways? ______________________________________________________ 4．What did children learn from reading Harry Potter books? ______________________________________________________ 5．What does the writer want to tell us? ______________________________________________________ 08 The Power of Poetry Poetry is often called the language of the heart. It uses words in special ways to express feelings and ideas. Unlike stories, poems are usually short. But they can say a lot in just a few lines. One of the most famous poets in China is Li Bai. He lived during the Tang Dynasty. His poems are about nature, friendship, and missing home. In his poem Still Night Thoughts, he writes about looking at the moon and thinking of his hometown. Almost everyone in China knows this poem. Reading poetry can be good for us. When we read poems, we learn to notice beautiful things around us. We learn to put our feelings into words. We also learn that different people can feel the same way. You don’t have to understand every word in a poem to enjoy it. Sometimes, just the sound of the words can make you feel something. The rhythm and rhyme are like music. So if you haven’t tried poetry, pick up a poem today. You might find a new friend in just a few lines. 阅读短文，根据短文内容简要回答问题。 1．What is poetry often called? ______________________________________________________ 2．What does Li Bai write about in his poems? ______________________________________________________ 3．What poem is mentioned in the passage? ______________________________________________________ 4．What can we learn from reading poetry? ______________________________________________________ 5．Do you have to understand every word in a poem to enjoy it? ______________________________________________________ 09 The Characters We Love Why do we fall in love with some story characters? Why do they stay in our hearts for years? The answer lies in how they are made. Great characters feel real. They are not perfect. They make mistakes, just like us. Sun Wukong is powerful, but he is also naughty and gets into trouble. Harry Potter is brave, but he sometimes feels scared and lonely. These imperfections make them feel like real people. Great characters also grow. They change through their experiences. The ugly duckling learns to be strong. The little match girl keeps hope even in her hardest time. We love watching them grow because it gives us hope for ourselves. Great characters also show us who we want to be. We see their courage and kindness, and we want to be like them. We learn from their mistakes and their successes. When you find a character you love, remember: they are not just in books. They become part of you. They help you understand yourself and the world. 阅读短文，回答问题。 1．Why do great characters feel real? ______________________________________________________ 2．What imperfections does Sun Wukong have? ______________________________________________________ 3．How do great characters change? ______________________________________________________ 4．Why do we love watching characters grow? ______________________________________________________ 5．What can characters become part of? ______________________________________________________ 10 How to Read a Poem Poems may seem hard to understand. But they offer a different way of looking at the world. Here are some tips to help you enjoy reading poems. Find a quiet space and clear your mind. Poems need your full attention. If you are thinking about other things, you might miss the beauty of the words. Read the poem slowly. Read it more than once. The first time, just listen to the sound of the words. The second time, pay attention to the meaning. Picture the scenes in your mind. If the poem talks about a mountain, imagine the mountain. If it talks about moonlight, see the moonlight in your mind. This helps you feel what the poet feels. Try to understand how the poet feels. Poems often come from the poet’s heart. They are about love, sadness, joy, or wonder. When you feel the poet’s feelings, you connect with the poem. Don’t worry about getting it wrong. Poems can mean different things to different people. Your understanding is just as good as anyone else’s. If there are new words, look them up. Understanding the words helps you understand the poem. Trust yourself. The more you read poems, the easier they become. Each poem is a new adventure. 阅读短文，回答问题。 1．What do you need to do before reading a poem? ______________________________________________________ 2．How many times should you read a poem? ______________________________________________________ 3．Why should you picture the scenes in your mind? ______________________________________________________ 4．What should you do if you don’t understand some words? ______________________________________________________ 5．What does the writer think about understanding poems? ______________________________________________________ 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 12 The Wonderland of Literature任务型阅读专练 话题：文学世界与文学欣赏 基础篇 01 What Is Literature? Literature is a wonderful world of words. It includes many different types of writing. Each type has its own special features. Fairy tales are stories with magic and wonder. They often begin with "Once upon a time" and end with "happily ever after." Stories like Cinderella and The Little Match Girl make us dream and feel. Fables are short stories that teach us lessons. They often use animals as characters. Aesop’s fables, such as The Lion and the Mouse, tell us that even the smallest friend can be a great help. Novels are long stories. They have many characters and take us on long journeys. Journey to the West is a great novel. We follow the Monkey King and learn about friendship and courage. Poems use beautiful language to express feelings. They have rhythm and rhyme. Li Bai’s poems make us feel the beauty of nature and the sadness of missing home. Dramas are written to be performed on stage. Lao She’s Teahouse shows us the lives of common people in old Beijing. No matter what you like, there is a type of literature waiting for you. 阅读短文，回答问题。 1．What are fairy tales usually about? ______________________________________________________ 2．What kind of stories are fables? ______________________________________________________ 3．Which novel is mentioned in the passage? ______________________________________________________ 4．What do poems use to express feelings? ______________________________________________________ 5．Why are dramas special? ______________________________________________________ 【答案】 1．They are stories with magic and wonder. 2．They are short stories that teach us lessons. 3．Journey to the West. 4．They use beautiful language, rhythm, and rhyme. 5．Because they are written to be performed on stage. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了文学的主要类型，包括童话、寓言、小说、诗歌和戏剧，并简要说明了每种类型的特点和代表作品。 【解析】 1．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Fairy tales are stories with magic and wonder.”可知，童话是关于魔法和奇遇的故事，故填They are stories with magic and wonder. 2．考查细节理解。根据第三段“Fables are short stories that teach us lessons.”可知，寓言是教给我们道理的故事，故填They are short stories that teach us lessons. 3．考查细节理解。根据第四段“Journey to the West is a great novel.”可知，文中提到的长篇小说是《西游记》，故填Journey to the West. 4．考查细节理解。根据第五段“Poems use beautiful language to express feelings. They have rhythm and rhyme.”可知，诗歌用优美的语言、节奏和韵律表达情感，故填They use beautiful language, rhythm, and rhyme. 5．考查细节理解。根据第六段“Dramas are written to be performed on stage.”可知，戏剧是为舞台表演而写的，故填Because they are written to be performed on stage. 02 My Favorite Story Character My favorite story character is the Little Match Girl from Hans Christian Andersen’s fairy tale. She is a poor girl who sells matches on a cold New Year’s Eve. She is cold and hungry, but she is afraid to go home because her father will punish her if she doesn’t sell any matches. What I like about her is her hope. Even in the coldest night, she dreams of warmth and happiness. When she lights the matches, she sees wonderful visions—a warm stove, a delicious feast, and her beloved grandmother. These visions give her comfort. The story makes me feel sad, but it also teaches me something important. I learn to be thankful for what I have and to care for those in need. The Little Match Girl may be poor, but her heart is full of hope. That is why she is my favorite character. 阅读短文，回答问题。 1．Who is the writer’s favorite story character? ______________________________________________________ 2．Why is the girl afraid to go home? ______________________________________________________ 3．What does the girl see when she lights the matches? ______________________________________________________ 4．What does the writer learn from the story? ______________________________________________________ 5．Why does the writer like the Little Match Girl? ______________________________________________________ 【答案】 1．The Little Match Girl. 2．Because her father will punish her if she doesn’t sell any matches. 3．She sees a warm stove, a delicious feast, and her beloved grandmother. 4．The writer learns to be thankful for what he/she has and to care for those in need. 5．Because even in the coldest night, she has hope in her heart. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者介绍了自己最喜欢的文学角色——卖火柴的小女孩，描述了她的处境和特点，并分享了自己从这个角色身上学到的道理。 【解析】 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段“My favorite story character is the Little Match Girl from Hans Christian Andersen’s fairy tale.”可知，作者最喜欢的角色是卖火柴的小女孩，故填The Little Match Girl. 2．考查细节理解。根据第一段“she is afraid to go home because her father will punish her if she doesn’t sell any matches.”可知，小女孩不敢回家是因为父亲会惩罚她，故填Because her father will punish her if she doesn’t sell any matches. 3．考查细节理解。根据第二段“she sees wonderful visions—a warm stove, a delicious feast, and her beloved grandmother.”可知，小女孩划亮火柴时看到了温暖的炉子、丰盛的大餐和深爱的祖母，故填She sees a warm stove, a delicious feast, and her beloved grandmother. 4．考查细节理解。根据第三段“I learn to be thankful for what I have and to care for those in need.”可知，作者从这个故事中学到要感恩自己所拥有的，并关心需要帮助的人，故填The writer learns to be thankful for what he/she has and to care for those in need. 5．考查细节理解。根据第二段“What I like about her is her hope.”和第三段“her heart is full of hope”可知，作者喜欢卖火柴的小女孩是因为她心中充满希望，故填Because even in the coldest night, she has hope in her heart. 03 How to Choose a Book Choosing a good book can be hard. There are so many books in the library. How do you find the right one for you? First, think about what you like. Do you enjoy stories about magic? Try fairy tales. Do you like animals that talk? Fables might be for you. Do you want to read about real people? Biographies are a good choice. Second, read the back cover. It usually tells you what the book is about. If the story sounds interesting, you can give it a try. Third, read the first few pages. If you find yourself wanting to know what happens next, the book is probably for you. Fourth, ask for advice. Your friends, parents, or teachers may have good ideas. They can tell you about books they love. Remember, the best book is the one you enjoy reading. Don’t be afraid to put down a book that doesn’t interest you. There is always another one waiting. 阅读文章并回答下列问题。 1．What is the passage mainly about? ______________________________________________________ 2．What can you do if you like stories about magic? ______________________________________________________ 3．What can you learn from the back cover? ______________________________________________________ 4．How can you know if a book is right for you after reading the first few pages? ______________________________________________________ 5．What should you do if a book doesn’t interest you? ______________________________________________________ 【答案】 1．How to choose a book. 2．Try fairy tales. 3．What the book is about. 4．If you want to know what happens next, the book is probably for you. 5．Put it down and find another one. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何选择适合自己的书籍，包括考虑自己的兴趣、阅读封面简介、试读开头几页以及向他人寻求建议等方法。 【解析】 1．考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了如何选择适合自己的书籍，故填How to choose a book. 2．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Do you enjoy stories about magic? Try fairy tales.”可知，如果喜欢魔法故事，可以尝试童话，故填Try fairy tales. 3．考查细节理解。根据第三段“read the back cover. It usually tells you what the book is about.”可知，从封面简介可以了解这本书的内容，故填What the book is about. 4．考查细节理解。根据第四段“If you find yourself wanting to know what happens next, the book is probably for you.”可知，如果读了开头几页后想知道接下来会发生什么，这本书可能适合你，故填If you want to know what happens next, the book is probably for you. 5．考查细节理解。根据最后一段“Don’t be afraid to put down a book that doesn’t interest you.”可知，如果一本书不吸引你，可以放下它，故填Put it down and find another one. 04 The Writer and His Teahouse Lao She is one of the greatest writers in modern China. His play Teahouse is a treasure in Chinese literature. The story takes place in a teahouse in Beijing. It covers three periods from the late Qing Dynasty to the 1940s. The play has more than 60 characters. Each character comes from a different background. Through them, readers can see how Chinese society changed during that time. The main character is Wang Lifa, the teahouse manager. He tries hard to keep the teahouse running. But life becomes too difficult for him in the end. Master Chang is a regular visitor. He is a Manchu who cares deeply about others. He helps Wang Lifa when he is in trouble. Qin Zhongyi is the landlord of the teahouse. He dreams of building a better nation by opening factories and banks. Sadly, his dream fails. Teahouse is not only a great play but also a window into old Beijing. It shows us the lives of ordinary people and the changes in Chinese society. 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 1．What is the name of Lao She’s famous play? ______________________________________________________ 2．How many characters are there in the play? ______________________________________________________ 3．What does Wang Lifa try to do? ______________________________________________________ 4．What does Qin Zhongyi dream of? ______________________________________________________ 5．Why is Teahouse like a window into old Beijing? ______________________________________________________ 【答案】 1．Teahouse. 2．More than 60. 3．He tries to keep the teahouse running. 4．He dreams of building a better nation by opening factories and banks. 5．Because it shows us the lives of ordinary people and the changes in Chinese society. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了老舍的戏剧《茶馆》的内容、主要角色及其文化意义，说明了这部作品如何反映中国社会的变迁和老北京的生活。 【解析】 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段“His play Teahouse is a treasure in Chinese literature.”可知，老舍的著名戏剧是《茶馆》，故填Teahouse. 2．考查细节理解。根据第二段“The play has more than 60 characters.”可知，剧中角色超过60个，故填More than 60. 3．考查细节理解。根据第三段“He tries hard to keep the teahouse running.”可知，王利发努力维持茶馆的运营，故填He tries to keep the teahouse running. 4．考查细节理解。根据第五段“He dreams of building a better nation by opening factories and banks.”可知，秦仲义梦想通过开办工厂和银行来建设更好的国家，故填He dreams of building a better nation by opening factories and banks. 5．考查细节理解。根据最后一段“It shows us the lives of ordinary people and the changes in Chinese society.”可知，《茶馆》像一扇了解老北京的窗口，因为它展示了普通人的生活和中国社会的变迁，故填Because it shows us the lives of ordinary people and the changes in Chinese society. 05 Why Read Fairy Tales? Some people think fairy tales are only for children. But fairy tales are for everyone. They teach us important lessons about life. Fairy tales often have good and evil. The good characters are kind, brave, and honest. The evil characters are selfish and cruel. In the end, good always wins. This gives us hope. Fairy tales also help us understand our feelings. When we read about the Little Match Girl’s sadness, we feel sad too. When we see the ugly duckling become a beautiful swan, we feel happy. Reading fairy tales helps us learn about ourselves. Many fairy tales have been told for hundreds of years. They come from different cultures around the world. When we read them, we learn about other people’s stories and traditions. So next time you pick up a fairy tale, remember: you are not just reading a story. You are learning about life, feelings, and the world. 阅读短文，回答问题。 1．Who are fairy tales for? ______________________________________________________ 2．What happens in the end of most fairy tales? ______________________________________________________ 3．How do fairy tales help us understand our feelings? ______________________________________________________ 4．Where do fairy tales come from? ______________________________________________________ 5．What can we learn from fairy tales? ______________________________________________________ 【答案】 1．Everyone. 2．Good always wins. 3．When we read about characters’ feelings, we feel those feelings too. 4．They come from different cultures around the world. 5．We can learn about life, feelings, and the world. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，阐述了阅读童话的意义，指出童话不仅适合儿童，也适合所有人，能够教会我们关于生活、情感和世界的道理。 【解析】 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段“But fairy tales are for everyone.”可知，童话适合所有人，故填Everyone. 2．考查细节理解。根据第二段“In the end, good always wins.”可知，大多数童话的结局是善良战胜邪恶，故填Good always wins. 3．考查细节理解。根据第三段“When we read about the Little Match Girl’s sadness, we feel sad too.”可知，通过感受角色的情感，我们也能体会到相似的情感，故填When we read about characters’ feelings, we feel those feelings too. 4．考查细节理解。根据第四段“They come from different cultures around the world.”可知，童话来自世界各地的不同文化，故填They come from different cultures around the world. 5．考查细节理解。根据最后一段“you are not just reading a story. You are learning about life, feelings, and the world.”可知，从童话中我们可以学到关于生活、情感和世界的道理，故填We can learn about life, feelings, and the world. 培优篇 06 Hans Christian Andersen: The Father of Fairy Tales Hans Christian Andersen is one of the most famous fairy tale writers in the world. His stories, such as The Ugly Duckling and The Little Match Girl, have been loved by children for generations. But do you know about his own life? Andersen was born in 1805 in Denmark. His family was very poor. His father was a shoemaker, and his mother was a washerwoman. As a boy, Andersen loved to listen to stories. He also loved to create his own plays with puppets. When he was 14, he moved to Copenhagen to become an actor. But he failed. Later, with the help of kind people, he went to school. At school, he was much older than the other students and often felt unhappy. However, he discovered that he had a talent for writing. His first fairy tales came out in 1835. At first, people did not like them. Some critics said they were not suitable for children. But Andersen did not give up. He kept writing, and soon people began to love his stories. Many of his stories are about his own life. The Ugly Duckling is a good example. The ugly duckling was laughed at because it looked different. But in the end, it grew into a beautiful swan. Andersen himself had a difficult start, but he finally found his place in the world. Today, Andersen’s stories are read in more than 100 languages. They teach children about kindness, courage, and being true to oneself. 阅读短文，回答问题。 1．What did Andersen love to do as a boy? ______________________________________________________ 2．Why did Andersen feel unhappy at school? ______________________________________________________ 3．When did Andersen’s first fairy tales come out? ______________________________________________________ 4．How is The Ugly Duckling like Andersen’s own life? ______________________________________________________ 5．What do Andersen’s stories teach children? ______________________________________________________ 【答案】 1．He loved to listen to stories and create his own plays with puppets. 2．Because he was much older than the other students. 3．In 1835. 4．Both the ugly duckling and Andersen had a difficult start but finally succeeded. 5．They teach children about kindness, courage, and being true to oneself. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了童话大师安徒生的生平故事，介绍了他童年时期的经历、写作生涯的起步以及他的作品如何反映自己的人生经历。 【解析】 1．考查细节理解。根据第二段“As a boy, Andersen loved to listen to stories. He also loved to create his own plays with puppets.”可知，安徒生小时候喜欢听故事和用木偶创作自己的戏剧，故填He loved to listen to stories and create his own plays with puppets. 2．考查细节理解。根据第三段“At school, he was much older than the other students and often felt unhappy.”可知，安徒生在学校感到不开心是因为他比其他学生大很多，故填Because he was much older than the other students. 3．考查细节理解。根据第四段“His first fairy tales came out in 1835.”可知，安徒生的第一部童话故事于1835年出版，故填In 1835. 4．考查推理判断。根据第五段“The ugly duckling was laughed at because it looked different. But in the end, it grew into a beautiful swan. Andersen himself had a difficult start, but he finally found his place in the world.”可知，丑小鸭和安徒生都有艰难的起点，但最终都获得了成功，故填Both the ugly duckling and Andersen had a difficult start but finally succeeded. 5．考查细节理解。根据最后一段“They teach children about kindness, courage, and being true to oneself.”可知，安徒生的故事教会孩子们善良、勇气和忠于自我，故填They teach children about kindness, courage, and being true to oneself. 07 Why Reading Stories Makes Us Better People Reading stories is not just fun. It can also make us better people. Scientists have found that when we read stories, our brains become more active. When we read about a character’s feelings, our brain acts as if we are having those feelings ourselves. If the character is sad, we feel sad. If the character is happy, we feel happy. This helps us understand other people’s feelings better. Scientists call this “empathy.” Reading stories also helps us see the world in new ways. When we read about people from different places or times, we learn that they are not so different from us. They have hopes, fears, and dreams just like we do. This makes us more open-minded. In one study, children who read Harry Potter books became more understanding of people who are different. They learned to accept others and stand up against unfairness. So next time you pick up a book, remember: you are not just having fun. You are also becoming a kinder, more understanding person. 阅读短文，回答问题。 1．What happens to our brains when we read stories? ______________________________________________________ 2．What does “empathy” mean according to the passage? ______________________________________________________ 3．How does reading stories help us see the world in new ways? ______________________________________________________ 4．What did children learn from reading Harry Potter books? ______________________________________________________ 5．What does the writer want to tell us? ______________________________________________________ 【答案】 1．They become more active. 2．It means understanding other people’s feelings. 3．By reading about people from different places or times, we learn that they are not so different from us. 4．They learned to accept others and stand up against unfairness. 5．Reading stories can make us kinder and more understanding people. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，阐述了阅读故事对培养同理心和开放心态的积极作用，通过科学研究说明阅读故事能够帮助我们理解他人感受，变得更加善良和包容。 【解析】 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段“when we read stories, our brains become more active.”可知，当我们阅读故事时，大脑变得更加活跃，故填They become more active. 2．考查词义猜测。根据第二段“This helps us understand other people’s feelings better. Scientists call this ‘empathy.’”可知，同理心是指理解他人感受的能力，故填It means understanding other people’s feelings. 3．考查细节理解。根据第三段“When we read about people from different places or times, we learn that they are not so different from us.”可知，阅读不同地方或时代的人的故事，能让我们意识到他们和我们并没有太大不同，故填By reading about people from different places or times, we learn that they are not so different from us. 4．考查细节理解。根据第四段“They learned to accept others and stand up against unfairness.”可知，阅读《哈利·波特》的孩子们学会了接纳他人，对抗不公，故填They learned to accept others and stand up against unfairness. 5．考查主旨大意。根据最后一段“you are not just having fun. You are also becoming a kinder, more understanding person.”可知，作者想告诉读者阅读故事能让人变得更善良、更善解人意，故填Reading stories can make us kinder and more understanding people. 08 The Power of Poetry Poetry is often called the language of the heart. It uses words in special ways to express feelings and ideas. Unlike stories, poems are usually short. But they can say a lot in just a few lines. One of the most famous poets in China is Li Bai. He lived during the Tang Dynasty. His poems are about nature, friendship, and missing home. In his poem Still Night Thoughts, he writes about looking at the moon and thinking of his hometown. Almost everyone in China knows this poem. Reading poetry can be good for us. When we read poems, we learn to notice beautiful things around us. We learn to put our feelings into words. We also learn that different people can feel the same way. You don’t have to understand every word in a poem to enjoy it. Sometimes, just the sound of the words can make you feel something. The rhythm and rhyme are like music. So if you haven’t tried poetry, pick up a poem today. You might find a new friend in just a few lines. 阅读短文，根据短文内容简要回答问题。 1．What is poetry often called? ______________________________________________________ 2．What does Li Bai write about in his poems? ______________________________________________________ 3．What poem is mentioned in the passage? ______________________________________________________ 4．What can we learn from reading poetry? ______________________________________________________ 5．Do you have to understand every word in a poem to enjoy it? ______________________________________________________ 【答案】 1．The language of the heart. 2．Nature, friendship, and missing home. 3．Still Night Thoughts. 4．We learn to notice beautiful things around us and to put our feelings into words. 5．No, we don’t. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了诗歌的特点和魅力，以李白为例说明诗歌如何表达情感，并鼓励读者尝试阅读诗歌。 【解析】 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段“Poetry is often called the language of the heart.”可知，诗歌常被称为“心灵的语言”，故填The language of the heart. 2．考查细节理解。根据第二段“His poems are about nature, friendship, and missing home.”可知，李白的诗歌关于自然、友谊和思乡，故填Nature, friendship, and missing home. 3．考查细节理解。根据第二段“In his poem Still Night Thoughts, he writes about looking at the moon and thinking of his hometown.”可知，文中提到的诗歌是《静夜思》，故填Still Night Thoughts. 4．考查细节理解。根据第三段“When we read poems, we learn to notice beautiful things around us. We learn to put our feelings into words.”可知，读诗能让我们学会留意身边的美好，学会用语言表达情感，故填We learn to notice beautiful things around us and to put our feelings into words. 5．考查细节理解。根据第四段“You don’t have to understand every word in a poem to enjoy it.”可知，欣赏诗歌不需要理解每一个词，故填No, we don’t. 09 The Characters We Love Why do we fall in love with some story characters? Why do they stay in our hearts for years? The answer lies in how they are made. Great characters feel real. They are not perfect. They make mistakes, just like us. Sun Wukong is powerful, but he is also naughty and gets into trouble. Harry Potter is brave, but he sometimes feels scared and lonely. These imperfections make them feel like real people. Great characters also grow. They change through their experiences. The ugly duckling learns to be strong. The little match girl keeps hope even in her hardest time. We love watching them grow because it gives us hope for ourselves. Great characters also show us who we want to be. We see their courage and kindness, and we want to be like them. We learn from their mistakes and their successes. When you find a character you love, remember: they are not just in books. They become part of you. They help you understand yourself and the world. 阅读短文，回答问题。 1．Why do great characters feel real? ______________________________________________________ 2．What imperfections does Sun Wukong have? ______________________________________________________ 3．How do great characters change? ______________________________________________________ 4．Why do we love watching characters grow? ______________________________________________________ 5．What can characters become part of? ______________________________________________________ 【答案】 1．Because they are not perfect and make mistakes. 2．He is naughty and gets into trouble. 3．They change through their experiences. 4．Because it gives us hope for ourselves. 5．They can become part of us. 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，探讨了为什么读者会爱上某些文学角色，分析了优秀角色的三个特点：真实、成长和榜样作用。 【解析】 1．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Great characters feel real. They are not perfect. They make mistakes, just like us.”可知，优秀的角色感觉真实是因为他们不完美，会犯错误，故填Because they are not perfect and make mistakes. 2．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Sun Wukong is powerful, but he is also naughty and gets into trouble.”可知，孙悟空淘气且爱惹麻烦，故填He is naughty and gets into trouble. 3．考查细节理解。根据第三段“They change through their experiences.”可知，优秀的角色通过经历改变和成长，故填They change through their experiences. 4．考查细节理解。根据第三段“We love watching them grow because it gives us hope for ourselves.”可知，我们喜欢看角色成长，因为这给了我们自己希望，故填Because it gives us hope for ourselves. 5．考查细节理解。根据最后一段“they are not just in books. They become part of you.”可知，角色可以成为我们的一部分，故填They can become part of us. 10 How to Read a Poem Poems may seem hard to understand. But they offer a different way of looking at the world. Here are some tips to help you enjoy reading poems. Find a quiet space and clear your mind. Poems need your full attention. If you are thinking about other things, you might miss the beauty of the words. Read the poem slowly. Read it more than once. The first time, just listen to the sound of the words. The second time, pay attention to the meaning. Picture the scenes in your mind. If the poem talks about a mountain, imagine the mountain. If it talks about moonlight, see the moonlight in your mind. This helps you feel what the poet feels. Try to understand how the poet feels. Poems often come from the poet’s heart. They are about love, sadness, joy, or wonder. When you feel the poet’s feelings, you connect with the poem. Don’t worry about getting it wrong. Poems can mean different things to different people. Your understanding is just as good as anyone else’s. If there are new words, look them up. Understanding the words helps you understand the poem. Trust yourself. The more you read poems, the easier they become. Each poem is a new adventure. 阅读短文，回答问题。 1．What do you need to do before reading a poem? ______________________________________________________ 2．How many times should you read a poem? ______________________________________________________ 3．Why should you picture the scenes in your mind? ______________________________________________________ 4．What should you do if you don’t understand some words? ______________________________________________________ 5．What does the writer think about understanding poems? ______________________________________________________ 【答案】 1．Find a quiet space and clear my mind. 2．More than once. / At least twice. 3．Because it helps me feel what the poet feels. 4．Look them up. 5．Poems can mean different things to different people. There is no right or wrong. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何欣赏诗歌的方法，包括选择安静环境、放慢阅读速度、想象画面、感受诗人情感、不畏惧不理解等技巧。 【解析】 1．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Find a quiet space and clear your mind.”可知，读诗前需要找一个安静的地方，清空思绪，故填Find a quiet space and clear my mind. 2．考查细节理解。根据第三段“Read the poem slowly. Read it more than once.”可知，需要读不止一遍，故填More than once. / At least twice. 3．考查细节理解。根据第四段“This helps you feel what the poet feels.”可知，在脑海中想象画面有助于感受诗人的情感，故填Because it helps me feel what the poet feels. 4．考查细节理解。根据第六段“If there are new words, look them up.”可知，如果遇到生词，应该查字典，故填Look them up. 5．考查细节理解。根据第五段“Poems can mean different things to different people. Your understanding is just as good as anyone else’s.”可知，诗歌对不同的人有不同的意义，没有对错之分，故填Poems can mean different things to different people. There is no right or wrong. 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $