Unit 4 课时4 Section A 4a-4d（大单元分层作业）英语新教材人教版八年级下册

Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 课时4 Section A (4a-4d) 分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 词汇 big 大的； deep 深的； high 高的； long 长的； far 远的； amazing 令人惊叹的； loud 大声的； close 近的 短语 the Sahara Desert 撒哈拉沙漠； Mariana Trench 马里亚纳海沟； Mount Qomolangma 珠穆朗玛峰； as far as 远至； grow taller 变高； the Yangtze River 长江； Victoria Falls 维多利亚瀑布； in size 在尺寸上 句型 1. What is the biggest desert in the world? 2. It is about 9,000,000 square kilometres in size. 3. Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world.； 4. The Yangtze River travels the farthest. 一、单词默写（根据音标写单词） 1. ______ /bɪɡ/adj. 大的 2. ______ /diːp/adj. & adv. 深的；深深地 3. ______ /haɪ/adj. & adv. 高的；高地 4. ______ /lɒŋ//lɔːŋ/adj. 长的 5. ______ /fɑː(r)/adj. & adv. 远的；远地 6. ______ /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/adj. 令人大为惊奇的 7. ______ /laʊd/adj. & adv. 大声的；大声地 8. ______ /kləʊz/adj. 近的 9. ______ /ˈwʌndə(r)/n. 奇观 10.______ /ˈsaɪz/n. 尺寸；大小 二、词组默写 1. 撒哈拉沙漠 _______________ 2. 马里亚纳海沟 _______________ 3. 珠穆朗玛峰 _______________ 4. 远至 _______________ 5. 变高 _______________ 6. 长江 _______________ 7. 维多利亚瀑布 _______________ 8. 在尺寸上 _______________ 9. 自然奇观 _______________ 10. 世界上 _______________ 三、根据要求完成句子。 1. 世界上最深的海洋区域在马里亚纳海沟。 The ______ part of the ocean in the world is in the Mariana Trench. 2. 珠穆朗玛峰大约有 8848 米高。 Mount Qomolangma is about 8,848 ______ ______. 3. 撒哈拉沙漠的面积大约有 900 万平方公里。 The Sahara Desert is about 9,000,000 square kilometres ______ ______. 4. 长江是中国流程最远的河流。 The Yangtze River ______ the ______ in China. 5. 珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最伟大的自然奇观之一。 Mount Qomolangma is one of the ______ ______ of nature in the world. 6. 当我们走近瀑布时，水声变得越来越大。 As we went ______ to the falls, the noise of the water became ______ and louder. 7. 这条河和那条河一样深。 This river is as ______ ______ that one. 8. 太平洋是世界上最大的海洋。 The Pacific Ocean is the ______ ocean in the world.The Pacific Ocean is the ______ ocean in the world. 四、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. The Sahara is the ______ (big) desert in the world. 2. The Mariana Trench is much ______ (deep) than any other part of the ocean. 3. Mount Qomolangma is the ______ (high) mountain around the world. 4. He runs ______ (fast) than his brother, and he is the ______ (fast) in his class. 5. The Yangtze River is ______ (long) than the Yellow River, and it is the ______ (long) river in China. 6. She sings ______ (well) than me, and she is the ______ (good) singer in our school. 7. This book is ______ (interesting) than that one, and it is the ______ (interesting) book I have ever read. 8. He studies ______ (hard) than before, and he is the ______ (hard-working) student in his class. 9. The elephant is the ______ (heavy) animal on the land. 10. This movie is the ______ (bad) one I have seen this year. 11. She is one of the ______ (beautiful) girls in our school. 12. The Yellow River is the ______ (two) ______ (long) river in China. 13. He is ______ (tall) than any other student in his class. 14. The more you practice, the ______ (well) you will do. 15. This is the ______ (far) place I have ever been to. 五、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 large, amazing, far, close, loud, deep, high, long, great Nature is full of 1.______ wonders that never fail to surprise humans. The Sahara Desert is the 2.______ desert on the earth, with an area of about 9 million square kilometres. The Mariana Trench is the 3.______ part of the ocean, reaching over 11,000 metres 4.______. Mount Qomolangma, the 5.______ mountain in the world, stands about 8,848 metres 6.______ and is still growing a little every year. The Yangtze River is the 7.______ river in China, traveling about 6,300 kilometres 8.______ across the country. When you get 9.______ to Victoria Falls, you can hear the 10. ______ sound of the water falling, and the sight is truly wonderful. These natural wonders remind us how small we are compared to the power of nature, and they are all worth our respect and protection. 6、 阅读还原。 Nature has created countless amazing wonders around the world, each with its own unique charm and features. 1________ From the vast deserts to the deep ocean trenches, from the highest mountains to the longest rivers, these wonders show the great power of nature. The Sahara Desert is the largest hot desert in the world. It covers most of North Africa and has a very dry climate. 2________ Despite the harsh environment, some plants and animals still survive here, which is a miracle of life. The Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the world's oceans. It is located in the western Pacific Ocean. 3 ________The pressure at the bottom of the trench is extremely high, but there are still many strange sea creatures living in this dark and cold place. Mount Qomolangma is the highest peak in the world. It lies on the border of China and Nepal. 4 ________Every year, many climbers try to reach the top of it, challenging their physical and mental limits. The Yangtze River is the longest river in China and the third longest in the world. 5 ________It provides water for millions of people and supports the development of many cities along its banks. These natural wonders are not only beautiful sights but also important parts of the earth's ecosystem. We should protect them well for future generations. A. It is about 11,000 metres deep, and very few people have ever reached its bottom. B. It runs through 11 provinces in China and is known as China's "mother river". C. Many people are interested in the history of these natural wonders and do a lot of research. D. It is a place where the sky and the land seem to meet as far as the eye can see. E. These wonders attract people from all over the world to visit and explore. F. Its snow-capped top can be seen from a long distance, and it is one of the most famous natural wonders in the world. 七、阅读理解。 The natural wonders of the world are some of the most amazing things on our planet. They are formed by natural forces over millions of years and leave people in awe of their beauty and grandeur. The Sahara Desert, located in North Africa, is the world's largest hot desert. It spans an area of about 9,000,000 square kilometres. The desert has a unique landscape with sand dunes that can reach up to 180 metres high. Although it is a dry and hot place, it is home to a variety of animals such as camels, desert foxes and scorpions. These animals have adapted to the harsh desert environment over time. The Mariana Trench, in the western Pacific Ocean, is the deepest part of the world's oceans. It is about 11,000 metres deep, which is deeper than the height of Mount Qomolangma. The pressure at the bottom of the trench is more than 1,000 times the atmospheric pressure at sea level. Even so, scientists have discovered many unique sea creatures here, including giant amphipods and sea cucumbers, which can only survive in this extreme environment. Mount Qomolangma, on the China-Nepal border, is the highest mountain in the world, with an altitude of about 8,848 metres. The mountain is covered with snow all year round, and its peak is often hidden in the clouds. Climbing Mount Qomolangma is a great challenge for climbers, as they have to face low oxygen, strong winds and extreme cold. However, every year, many climbers still attempt to reach the top to experience the feeling of standing on the top of the world. These natural wonders are precious gifts from nature. They not only provide us with beautiful scenery but also help us understand the earth's evolution and the diversity of life. It is our responsibility to protect these wonders and ensure that they exist for generations to come. 1. What is the area of the Sahara Desert? A. About 11,000 square kilometres. B. About 8,848 square kilometres. C. About 9,000,000 square kilometres. D. About 1,000 square kilometres. 2. Which of the following is TRUE about the Mariana Trench? A. It is the highest part of the ocean. B. The pressure at its bottom is very low. C. It is in the eastern Pacific Ocean. D. There are many unique sea creatures in it. 3. What challenge do climbers face when climbing Mount Qomolangma? A. High oxygen, weak winds and warm weather. B. Low oxygen, strong winds and extreme cold. C. Low oxygen, weak winds and extreme cold. D. High oxygen, strong winds and warm weather. 4. What can we learn from the natural wonders? A. The earth's evolution and the diversity of life. B. How to live in extreme environments. C. The history of human civilization. D. How to climb high mountains. 5. What is the author's attitude towards natural wonders? A. He thinks they are not worth protecting. B. He thinks they are precious gifts and need to be protected. C. He thinks they are only beautiful sights with no practical value. D. He thinks they are too dangerous for people to visit. 八、完形填空。 Nature is a wonderful artist, creating many amazing natural wonders all over the world. These wonders are the result of natural changes over millions of years and are 1_______ to human beings. The Sahara Desert is one of the most famous deserts in the world. It is in North Africa and is the 2 _______ hot desert on the earth. The sand dunes in the desert change their shapes every day because of the wind, making the desert look different all the time. Although the environment is 3_______, many animals still live here happily. The Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the ocean. It is so deep that even Mount Qomolangma can be 4_______ in it. The water at the bottom is dark and cold, and the pressure is extremely high. But there are still some strange sea creatures living here, which 5 _______scientists a lot. Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. It stands on the border of China and Nepal. The top of the mountain is covered with snow all year round, and it looks very 6_______. Every year, many climbers come here to challenge themselves. Some of them succeed in reaching the top, while others have to 7 _______because of bad weather or physical problems. The Yangtze River is the longest river in China. It runs through many provinces and provides water for millions of people. It is also a home for many kinds of fish and plants. The river is an important 8 _______of China's natural resources. These natural wonders are not only beautiful but also very important. They help us understand the earth better and bring us a lot of joy. We should 9 _______them and take good care of them. If we destroy them, we will lose these precious gifts from nature forever. Let's work together to protect our natural wonders and make the world more 10_______. 1. A. valuable B. useless C. boring D. dangerous 2. A. smallest B. largest C. highest D. lowest 3. A. Comfortable B. pleasant C. harsh D. mild 4. A. put B. hidden C. seen D. dropped 5. A. surprise B. disappoint C. worry D. trouble 6. A. Ugly B. common C. wonderful D. terrible 7. A. give up B. give in C. give out D. give off 8. A. part B. sign C. symbol D. example 9. A. damage B. protect C. ignore D. forget 10. A. ugly B. boring C. beautiful D. dark Nature's Greatest Wonders: Mount Qomolangma Part 1: Read and Explore Mount Qomolangma, the highest mountain in the world, is located on the border between China and Nepal. It is part of the Himalayan mountain range and has an altitude of about 8,848 metres above sea level. The mountain is famous for its snow-capped peak, which is often surrounded by clouds and mist, making it look mysterious and magnificent. The climate on Mount Qomolangma is extremely harsh. The temperature at the top is always below zero, and the wind speed can reach over 100 kilometres per hour. There is very little oxygen in the air, which makes it very difficult for humans to breathe. Despite these difficult conditions, Mount Qomolangma has attracted countless climbers from all over the world since the first successful climb in 1953. Mount Qomolangma is not only a great challenge for climbers but also an important ecological area. It is home to many rare plants and animals, such as snow leopards, Himalayan blue sheep and rhododendrons. These species have adapted to the cold and low-oxygen environment of the mountain over a long period of time. However, Mount Qomolangma is facing some serious problems now. With the increase in the number of climbers, a lot of rubbish, such as plastic bottles and food packaging, has been left on the mountain, polluting the environment. In addition, global warming is causing the snow and ice on the mountain to melt, which may affect the ecological balance of the area and even lead to natural disasters such as avalanches. To protect Mount Qomolangma, the Chinese and Nepalese governments have taken a series of measures. They have set limits on the number of climbers every year, and require climbers to take away their rubbish. They have also carried out ecological protection projects to plant more plants and protect the rare animals on the mountain. Part 2: Skills Challenge Task 1: Critical Thinking（根据文章内容回答下列问题） Why is it difficult for humans to live on the top of Mount Qomolangma? (用 "because" 完整回答) 找出珠穆朗玛峰目前面临的两个问题： Reason 1: Reason 2: 设计一个英文标语呼吁保护珠穆朗玛峰："_________________________________________!" Task 2: Complete the chart below（根据文章内容完成表格） 表格 Wonder Location Altitude Famous for Mount Qomolangma ______ ______ Snow-capped peak; one of the world's greatest natural wonders Task 3: Creative Project假设你是一名环保工作者，设计一个 “珠穆朗玛峰保护计划”(Mount Qomolangma Protection Project)，需包含： 2 个具体行动（参考文中措施） 1 个创新点子（如：用智能设备监控垃圾）用英语简单说明。 We will ______________________________________ and ______________________________________. Also, we plan to ______________________________________ . ( 1 / 8 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 课时4 Section A (4a-4d) 分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 词汇 big 大的； deep 深的； high 高的； long 长的； far 远的； amazing 令人惊叹的； loud 大声的； close 近的 短语 the Sahara Desert 撒哈拉沙漠； Mariana Trench 马里亚纳海沟； Mount Qomolangma 珠穆朗玛峰； as far as 远至； grow taller 变高； the Yangtze River 长江； Victoria Falls 维多利亚瀑布； in size 在尺寸上 句型 1. What is the biggest desert in the world? 2. It is about 9,000,000 square kilometres in size. 3. Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world.； 4. The Yangtze River travels the farthest. 一、单词默写（根据音标写单词） 1. ______ /bɪɡ/adj. 大的 2. ______ /diːp/adj. & adv. 深的；深深地 3. ______ /haɪ/adj. & adv. 高的；高地 4. ______ /lɒŋ//lɔːŋ/adj. 长的 5. ______ /fɑː(r)/adj. & adv. 远的；远地 6. ______ /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/adj. 令人大为惊奇的 7. ______ /laʊd/adj. & adv. 大声的；大声地 8. ______ /kləʊz/adj. 近的 9. ______ /ˈwʌndə(r)/n. 奇观 10.______ /ˈsaɪz/n. 尺寸；大小 【答案】1. big 2. deep 3. high 4. long 5. far 6. amazing 7. loud 8. close 9. wonder 10. size 二、词组默写 1. 撒哈拉沙漠 _______________ 2. 马里亚纳海沟 _______________ 3. 珠穆朗玛峰 _______________ 4. 远至 _______________ 5. 变高 _______________ 6. 长江 _______________ 7. 维多利亚瀑布 _______________ 8. 在尺寸上 _______________ 9. 自然奇观 _______________ 10. 世界上 _______________ 【答案】1. the Sahara Desert 2. Mariana Trench 3. Mount Qomolangma 4. as far as 5. grow taller 6. the Yangtze River 7. Victoria Falls 8. in size 9. the wonders of nature 10. in the world 三、根据要求完成句子。 1. 世界上最深的海洋区域在马里亚纳海沟。 The ______ part of the ocean in the world is in the Mariana Trench. 2. 珠穆朗玛峰大约有 8848 米高。 Mount Qomolangma is about 8,848 ______ ______. 3. 撒哈拉沙漠的面积大约有 900 万平方公里。 The Sahara Desert is about 9,000,000 square kilometres ______ ______. 4. 长江是中国流程最远的河流。 The Yangtze River ______ the ______ in China. 5. 珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最伟大的自然奇观之一。 Mount Qomolangma is one of the ______ ______ of nature in the world. 6. 当我们走近瀑布时，水声变得越来越大。 As we went ______ to the falls, the noise of the water became ______ and louder. 7. 这条河和那条河一样深。 This river is as ______ ______ that one. 8. 太平洋是世界上最大的海洋。 The Pacific Ocean is the ______ ocean in the world.The Pacific Ocean is the ______ ocean in the world. 【答案】1. deepest 2. metres high 3. in size 4. travels; farthest 5. greatest wonders 6. closer; louder 7. deep as 8. biggest 四、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. The Sahara is the ______ (big) desert in the world. 2. The Mariana Trench is much ______ (deep) than any other part of the ocean. 3. Mount Qomolangma is the ______ (high) mountain around the world. 4. He runs ______ (fast) than his brother, and he is the ______ (fast) in his class. 5. The Yangtze River is ______ (long) than the Yellow River, and it is the ______ (long) river in China. 6. She sings ______ (well) than me, and she is the ______ (good) singer in our school. 7. This book is ______ (interesting) than that one, and it is the ______ (interesting) book I have ever read. 8. He studies ______ (hard) than before, and he is the ______ (hard-working) student in his class. 9. The elephant is the ______ (heavy) animal on the land. 10. This movie is the ______ (bad) one I have seen this year. 11. She is one of the ______ (beautiful) girls in our school. 12. The Yellow River is the ______ (two) ______ (long) river in China. 13. He is ______ (tall) than any other student in his class. 14. The more you practice, the ______ (well) you will do. 15. This is the ______ (far) place I have ever been to. 【答案】1. biggest 2. deeper 3. highest 4. faster; fastest 5. longer; longest 6. better; best 7. more interesting; most interesting 8. harder; most hard-working 9. heaviest 10. worst 11. most beautiful 12. second; longest 13. taller 14. better 15. farthest 五、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 large, amazing, far, close, loud, deep, high, long, great Nature is full of 1.______ wonders that never fail to surprise humans. The Sahara Desert is the 2.______ desert on the earth, with an area of about 9 million square kilometres. The Mariana Trench is the 3.______ part of the ocean, reaching over 11,000 metres 4.______. Mount Qomolangma, the 5.______ mountain in the world, stands about 8,848 metres 6.______ and is still growing a little every year. The Yangtze River is the 7.______ river in China, traveling about 6,300 kilometres 8.______ across the country. When you get 9.______ to Victoria Falls, you can hear the 10. ______ sound of the water falling, and the sight is truly wonderful. These natural wonders remind us how small we are compared to the power of nature, and they are all worth our respect and protection. 【答案】1. amazing 2. largest 3. deepest 4. deep 5. highest 6. high 7. longest 8. far 9. close 10. loud 【导语】本文介绍了大自然中几大令人惊叹的自然奇观，包括撒哈拉沙漠、马里亚纳海沟、珠穆朗玛峰、长江和维多利亚瀑布，展现了大自然的神奇与伟大，并呼吁人们尊重和保护这些自然奇观。 1. 句意：大自然充满了令人惊叹的奇观，总能让人类感到惊奇。amazing 意为 “令人大为惊奇的”，修饰 wonders，符合语境。故填 amazing。 2. 句意：撒哈拉沙漠是地球上最大的沙漠，面积约 900 万平方公里。由定冠词 the 和语境可知用最高级，large 的最高级为 largest。故填 largest。 3. 句意：马里亚纳海沟是海洋最深的地方，深度超过 11000 米。由定冠词 the 和语境可知用最高级，deep 的最高级为 deepest。故填 deepest。 4. 句意：马里亚纳海沟是海洋最深的地方，深度超过 11000 米。数词 + metres + deep 表示 “…… 米深”，固定表达。故填 deep。 5. 句意：珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山，海拔约 8848 米，而且每年还在长高一点点。由定冠词 the 和语境可知用最高级，high 的最高级为 highest。故填 highest。 6. 句意：珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山，海拔约 8848 米，而且每年还在长高一点点。数词 + metres + high 表示 “…… 米高”，固定表达。故填 high。 7. 句意：长江是中国最长的河流，横跨全国约 6300 公里。由定冠词 the 和 in China 可知用最高级，long 的最高级为 longest。故填 longest。 8. 句意：长江是中国最长的河流，横跨全国约 6300 公里。travel far 表示 “流程远”，此处用原级 far，符合语境。故填 far。 9. 句意：当你走近维多利亚瀑布时，你能听到巨大的瀑布声，那景象真的很美。get close to 意为 “靠近”，固定短语。故填 close。 10. 句意：当你走近维多利亚瀑布时，你能听到巨大的瀑布声，那景象真的很美。loud 意为 “大声的”，修饰 sound，符合语境。故填 loud。 6、 阅读还原。 Nature has created countless amazing wonders around the world, each with its own unique charm and features. 1________ From the vast deserts to the deep ocean trenches, from the highest mountains to the longest rivers, these wonders show the great power of nature. The Sahara Desert is the largest hot desert in the world. It covers most of North Africa and has a very dry climate. 2________ Despite the harsh environment, some plants and animals still survive here, which is a miracle of life. The Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the world's oceans. It is located in the western Pacific Ocean. 3 ________The pressure at the bottom of the trench is extremely high, but there are still many strange sea creatures living in this dark and cold place. Mount Qomolangma is the highest peak in the world. It lies on the border of China and Nepal. 4 ________Every year, many climbers try to reach the top of it, challenging their physical and mental limits. The Yangtze River is the longest river in China and the third longest in the world. 5 ________It provides water for millions of people and supports the development of many cities along its banks. These natural wonders are not only beautiful sights but also important parts of the earth's ecosystem. We should protect them well for future generations. A. It is about 11,000 metres deep, and very few people have ever reached its bottom. B. It runs through 11 provinces in China and is known as China's "mother river". C. Many people are interested in the history of these natural wonders and do a lot of research. D. It is a place where the sky and the land seem to meet as far as the eye can see. E. These wonders attract people from all over the world to visit and explore. F. Its snow-capped top can be seen from a long distance, and it is one of the most famous natural wonders in the world. 【答案】EDAFB 【解析】 1. 答案 E 前文提到大自然创造了无数令人惊叹的奇观，后文介绍了不同的自然奇观，E 选项 “这些奇观吸引着世界各地的人们前来参观和探索” 承接上文，引出下文对各奇观的介绍，符合语境。故选 E。 2. 答案 D 前文介绍撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的热带沙漠，覆盖北非大部分地区，气候干燥，D 选项 “在那里，天地相接，一望无际” 描述了撒哈拉沙漠的景观特点，符合语境。故选 D。 3. 答案 A 前文介绍马里亚纳海沟是世界海洋最深的地方，位于西太平洋，A 选项 “它大约有 11000 米深，很少有人到达过它的底部” 进一步说明其深度特点，符合语境。故选 A。 4. 答案 F 前文介绍珠穆朗玛峰是世界最高峰，位于中尼边境，F 选项 “它白雪皑皑的山顶从很远的地方就能看到，是世界上最著名的自然奇观之一” 描述了珠穆朗玛峰的外观和地位，符合语境。故选 F。 5. 答案 B 前文介绍长江是中国最长、世界第三长的河流，B 选项 “它流经中国 11 个省份，被称为中国的‘母亲河’” 进一步介绍长江的流域和地位，符合语境。故选 B。（C 选项 “许多人对这些自然奇观的历史感兴趣，并做了大量研究” 与本文介绍自然奇观的特征和景观无关，为多余选项。） 七、阅读理解。 The natural wonders of the world are some of the most amazing things on our planet. They are formed by natural forces over millions of years and leave people in awe of their beauty and grandeur. The Sahara Desert, located in North Africa, is the world's largest hot desert. It spans an area of about 9,000,000 square kilometres. The desert has a unique landscape with sand dunes that can reach up to 180 metres high. Although it is a dry and hot place, it is home to a variety of animals such as camels, desert foxes and scorpions. These animals have adapted to the harsh desert environment over time. The Mariana Trench, in the western Pacific Ocean, is the deepest part of the world's oceans. It is about 11,000 metres deep, which is deeper than the height of Mount Qomolangma. The pressure at the bottom of the trench is more than 1,000 times the atmospheric pressure at sea level. Even so, scientists have discovered many unique sea creatures here, including giant amphipods and sea cucumbers, which can only survive in this extreme environment. Mount Qomolangma, on the China-Nepal border, is the highest mountain in the world, with an altitude of about 8,848 metres. The mountain is covered with snow all year round, and its peak is often hidden in the clouds. Climbing Mount Qomolangma is a great challenge for climbers, as they have to face low oxygen, strong winds and extreme cold. However, every year, many climbers still attempt to reach the top to experience the feeling of standing on the top of the world. These natural wonders are precious gifts from nature. They not only provide us with beautiful scenery but also help us understand the earth's evolution and the diversity of life. It is our responsibility to protect these wonders and ensure that they exist for generations to come. 1. What is the area of the Sahara Desert? A. About 11,000 square kilometres. B. About 8,848 square kilometres. C. About 9,000,000 square kilometres. D. About 1,000 square kilometres. 2. Which of the following is TRUE about the Mariana Trench? A. It is the highest part of the ocean. B. The pressure at its bottom is very low. C. It is in the eastern Pacific Ocean. D. There are many unique sea creatures in it. 3. What challenge do climbers face when climbing Mount Qomolangma? A. High oxygen, weak winds and warm weather. B. Low oxygen, strong winds and extreme cold. C. Low oxygen, weak winds and extreme cold. D. High oxygen, strong winds and warm weather. 4. What can we learn from the natural wonders? A. The earth's evolution and the diversity of life. B. How to live in extreme environments. C. The history of human civilization. D. How to climb high mountains. 5. What is the author's attitude towards natural wonders? A. He thinks they are not worth protecting. B. He thinks they are precious gifts and need to be protected. C. He thinks they are only beautiful sights with no practical value. D. He thinks they are too dangerous for people to visit. 【答案】CDBAB 【解析】 1. 答案 C 文章第二段明确提到 “It spans an area of about 9,000,000 square kilometres.”，说明撒哈拉沙漠的面积约为 900 万平方公里。A 选项是马里亚纳海沟的深度，B 选项是珠穆朗玛峰的高度，D 选项无依据。故选 C。 2. 答案 D 文章第三段提到 “Even so, scientists have discovered many unique sea creatures here”，说明马里亚纳海沟里有许多独特的海洋生物。A 选项错误，它是海洋最深的地方而非最高；B 选项错误，其底部压力极高而非极低；C 选项错误，它位于西太平洋而非东太平洋。故选 D。 3. 答案 B 文章第四段提到 “Climbing Mount Qomolangma is a great challenge for climbers, as they have to face low oxygen, strong winds and extreme cold.”，说明攀登珠穆朗玛峰的登山者要面临缺氧、强风和极寒的挑战。A、C、D 选项均与原文描述不符。故选 B。 4. 答案 A 文章最后一段提到 “They not only provide us with beautiful scenery but also help us understand the earth's evolution and the diversity of life.”，说明我们能从自然奇观中了解地球的演化和生命的多样性。B、C、D 选项均非文章提及的内容。故选 A。 5. 答案 B 文章最后一段提到 “These natural wonders are precious gifts from nature.” 和 “It is our responsibility to protect these wonders and ensure that they exist for generations to come.”，说明作者认为自然奇观是珍贵的礼物，需要被保护。A、C、D 选项均与作者态度相反。故选 B。 八、完形填空。 Nature is a wonderful artist, creating many amazing natural wonders all over the world. These wonders are the result of natural changes over millions of years and are 1_______ to human beings. The Sahara Desert is one of the most famous deserts in the world. It is in North Africa and is the 2 _______ hot desert on the earth. The sand dunes in the desert change their shapes every day because of the wind, making the desert look different all the time. Although the environment is 3_______, many animals still live here happily. The Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the ocean. It is so deep that even Mount Qomolangma can be 4_______ in it. The water at the bottom is dark and cold, and the pressure is extremely high. But there are still some strange sea creatures living here, which 5 _______scientists a lot. Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. It stands on the border of China and Nepal. The top of the mountain is covered with snow all year round, and it looks very 6_______. Every year, many climbers come here to challenge themselves. Some of them succeed in reaching the top, while others have to 7 _______because of bad weather or physical problems. The Yangtze River is the longest river in China. It runs through many provinces and provides water for millions of people. It is also a home for many kinds of fish and plants. The river is an important 8 _______of China's natural resources. These natural wonders are not only beautiful but also very important. They help us understand the earth better and bring us a lot of joy. We should 9 _______them and take good care of them. If we destroy them, we will lose these precious gifts from nature forever. Let's work together to protect our natural wonders and make the world more 10_______. 1. A. valuable B. useless C. boring D. dangerous 2. A. smallest B. largest C. highest D. lowest 3. A. Comfortable B. pleasant C. harsh D. mild 4. A. put B. hidden C. seen D. dropped 5. A. surprise B. disappoint C. worry D. trouble 6. A. Ugly B. common C. wonderful D. terrible 7. A. give up B. give in C. give out D. give off 8. A. part B. sign C. symbol D. example 9. A. damage B. protect C. ignore D. forget 10. A. ugly B. boring C. beautiful D. dark 【答案】本文主要介绍了世界上几大著名的自然奇观 —— 撒哈拉沙漠、马里亚纳海沟、珠穆朗玛峰和长江，讲述了它们的特点，并呼吁人们保护这些珍贵的自然礼物。 1. A 句意：这些奇观是数百万年自然变化的结果，对人类来说非常珍贵。valuable 珍贵的；useless 无用的；boring 无聊的；dangerous 危险的。结合语境，自然奇观对人类是珍贵的。故选 A。 2. B 句意：它位于北非，是地球上最大的热带沙漠。smallest 最小的；largest 最大的；highest 最高的；lowest 最低的。由常识可知，撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的热带沙漠。故选 B。 3. C 句意：虽然环境恶劣，但许多动物仍然快乐地生活在这里。comfortable 舒适的；pleasant 令人愉快的；harsh 恶劣的；mild 温和的。结合沙漠的环境特点，用 harsh 符合语境。故选 C。 4. D 句意：它如此之深，甚至珠穆朗玛峰都能被扔进里面。put 放；hidden 隐藏；seen 看见；dropped 掉落，扔进。结合语境，马里亚纳海沟深度远超珠峰高度，用 dropped 符合语义。故选 D。 5. A 句意：但这里仍然生活着一些奇怪的海洋生物，这让科学家们非常惊讶。surprise 使惊讶；disappoint 使失望；worry 担心；trouble 麻烦。结合语境，深海的奇特生物会让科学家感到惊讶。故选 A。 6. C 句意：山顶终年积雪，看起来非常壮观。ugly 丑陋的；common 普通的；wonderful 壮观的，极好的；terrible 糟糕的。结合珠峰的景观特点，用 wonderful 符合语境。故选 C。 7. A 句意：有些人成功登顶，而另一些人则因为天气不好或身体问题不得不放弃。give up 放弃；give in 屈服；give out 分发；give off 发出。结合语境，因客观原因无法登顶只能放弃。故选 A。 8. C 句意：这条河是中国自然资源的重要象征。part 部分；sign 标志；symbol 象征；example 例子。长江是中国自然资源的重要象征，用 symbol 符合语境。故选 C。 9. B 句意：我们应该保护它们，好好照顾它们。damage 破坏；protect 保护；ignore 忽视；forget 忘记。结合后文 “take good care of them”，用 protect 符合语境。故选 B。 10. C 句意：让我们一起保护我们的自然奇观，让世界变得更美丽。ugly 丑陋的；boring 无聊的；beautiful 美丽的；dark 黑暗的。保护自然奇观的目的是让世界更美丽。故选 C。 Nature's Greatest Wonders: Mount Qomolangma Part 1: Read and Explore Mount Qomolangma, the highest mountain in the world, is located on the border between China and Nepal. It is part of the Himalayan mountain range and has an altitude of about 8,848 metres above sea level. The mountain is famous for its snow-capped peak, which is often surrounded by clouds and mist, making it look mysterious and magnificent. The climate on Mount Qomolangma is extremely harsh. The temperature at the top is always below zero, and the wind speed can reach over 100 kilometres per hour. There is very little oxygen in the air, which makes it very difficult for humans to breathe. Despite these difficult conditions, Mount Qomolangma has attracted countless climbers from all over the world since the first successful climb in 1953. Mount Qomolangma is not only a great challenge for climbers but also an important ecological area. It is home to many rare plants and animals, such as snow leopards, Himalayan blue sheep and rhododendrons. These species have adapted to the cold and low-oxygen environment of the mountain over a long period of time. However, Mount Qomolangma is facing some serious problems now. With the increase in the number of climbers, a lot of rubbish, such as plastic bottles and food packaging, has been left on the mountain, polluting the environment. In addition, global warming is causing the snow and ice on the mountain to melt, which may affect the ecological balance of the area and even lead to natural disasters such as avalanches. To protect Mount Qomolangma, the Chinese and Nepalese governments have taken a series of measures. They have set limits on the number of climbers every year, and require climbers to take away their rubbish. They have also carried out ecological protection projects to plant more plants and protect the rare animals on the mountain. Part 2: Skills Challenge Task 1: Critical Thinking（根据文章内容回答下列问题） Why is it difficult for humans to live on the top of Mount Qomolangma? (用 "because" 完整回答) 找出珠穆朗玛峰目前面临的两个问题： Reason 1: Reason 2: 设计一个英文标语呼吁保护珠穆朗玛峰："_________________________________________!" Task 2: Complete the chart below（根据文章内容完成表格） 表格 Wonder Location Altitude Famous for Mount Qomolangma ______ ______ Snow-capped peak; one of the world's greatest natural wonders Task 3: Creative Project假设你是一名环保工作者，设计一个 “珠穆朗玛峰保护计划”(Mount Qomolangma Protection Project)，需包含： 2 个具体行动（参考文中措施） 1 个创新点子（如：用智能设备监控垃圾）用英语简单说明。 We will ______________________________________ and ______________________________________. Also, we plan to ______________________________________ . 【答案】 Because the temperature at the top is always below zero, the wind speed is very high and there is very little oxygen in the air. Reason 1: A lot of rubbish left by climbers is polluting the mountain's environment. Reason 2: Global warming is causing the snow and ice to melt, which may affect the ecological balance and lead to natural disasters. Protect Mount Qomolangma, protect our natural treasure!（答案合理即可） Task 2: Complete the chart below 【答案】On the border between China and Nepal; About 8,848 metres above sea level Task 3: Creative Project 【答案】We will set stricter limits on the number of climbers every year and organize volunteers to clean up the rubbish on the mountain. Also, we plan to use AI monitoring equipment to track the rubbish situation and the melting of snow and ice in real time.（答案合理即可） ( 1 / 11 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $