精品解析：山东淄博市淄川区淄博第四中学2024-2025学年高一下学期学分认定考试（期中）英语试题

淄博四中高2024级高一下学期学分认定考试 英语·试卷 本试题分第I卷和第II卷两部分, 共67题, 12页, 满分150分, 考试用时120分钟。考试结束后只将答题卡交回。 注意事项: 1. 答题前,务必将本人班级、姓名、考号、考场、座号用正楷字体填写在答题卡相应位置。 2. 答第I卷时,必须使用2B铅笔填涂答题卡上相应题目的答案涂黑,修改时,要用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号,写在试卷上的答案无效。 3. 答第II卷时,必须使用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔书写,作图时,可用2B铅笔,要求字体工整,笔迹清晰。务必在题号所指示的答题区域内作答,写在试卷及草稿纸上的答案无效。 第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What bill has already been paid? A. The water bill. B. The electricity bill. C. The phone bill. 2. What time will the speakers have dinner? A. At 7:00. B. At 7:30. C. At 8:00. 3. Which place does the man recommend most strongly? A. The museum. B. The castle. C. The market. 4. Where are the speakers? A. In a tower. B. In a cinema. C. In a taxi. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. How Eve got the book. B. Whether Eve used the website. C. When Eve went to the bookshop. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。 6 What are the speakers? A. High school students. B. College students. C. College Graduates. 7. Which major does the woman think leads to good job opportunities? A. Math. B. Computing. C. Science. 听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。 8. How has the woman been today? A. Relaxed. B. Busy. C. Stressed. 9. What will the speakers do? A. Make some iced coffee. B. Visit a company. C. Go to a cafe. 听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。 10. What is the relationship between the man and Danny? A. Cousins. B. Brothers. C. Classmates. 11. How will the speakers go to the beach? A By car. B. By bus. C. By train. 12. What do the speakers decide on at last? A. Where to meet. B. What to take. C. When to leave. 听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。 13. How far will the cyclists travel at the most on a single day? A. 35 km. B. 45 km. C. 50 km. 14. What does the woman think of the daily cycling distance? A. Acceptable. B. Relaxing. C. Hard. 15. What does the woman care about most in hotels? A. The gym. B. The restaurant. C. The swimming pool. 16. Which meal will the cyclists have in the open air? A. Breakfast. B. Lunch. C. Dinner. 听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。 17. What is Deep Blue? A. A chess master. B. An engineer. C. A computer. 18. What can Kasparov do in a second? A. Set up the chess board. B. Think of three approaches. C. Predict the other player's moves. 19. What do we know about the first game? A. An engineer assisted Kasparov. B. It lasted over four hours. C. Kasparov won it. 20. What did the computer try to do in the second game? A Avoid being tricked. B. Spend less time thinking. C. Lead Kasparov to make a mistake. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节, 满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A David Shepherd Wildlife Foundation (DSWF) is delighted to welcome faithful supporters and new friends to join us at our annual Wildlife Ball to celebrate the natural world and conservation. Hosted by the grand Dorchester Hotel in London, the DSWF Wildlife Ball will take place on the 27th July 2024 where we’ll bring the wilderness to life with our very own Sundown Safari (观赏之旅). Join a black-tie gastronomical (美食) safari As part of a black-tie gastronomical safari, guests will be treated to a mouth-watering three-course meal, enjoy world-class entertainment and listen to insightful and inspiring speeches about DSWF’s conservation work to turn the tables on extinction. The DSWF Wildlife Ball helps raise vital funds and awareness for our essential work, protecting endangered species and their habitats across the world. After a year away we are excited to be welcoming you back and look forward to being your guides at what promises to be a night to remember in support of wildlife. Last year, the virtual Wildlife Ball raised over £ 800,000 for DSWF’s vital conservation efforts across Africa and Asia, despite not being able to celebrate in person. We are really excited to invite you back to the Dorchester Hotel, who are our generous hosts, and together aim to celebrate wildlife and the wilderness in style and to raise vital funds to help in the fight for a greener future. Book tickets to the Wildlife Ball 2024 Book tickets or register your interest today to avoid disappointment. Either by emailing the team at wildlifeball @ davidshepherd.org or by calling the DSWF office on 01483 272323. Individual Tickets: £ 200(Children under 12 get 40%off) VIP packages are available on request. 1. What do we learn about Wildlife Ball 2024? A. It’ll be held in the wild. B. It’ll offer guests a delicious meal. C. It’ll allow guests to watch ball games. D. It’ll be followed by a guided tour of London. 2. What’s the main purpose of hosting Wildlife Ball 2024? A. To entertain supporters B. To celebrate the festival C. To obtain financial support. D. To interact with wild animals. 3. What’s the admission fee for a couple with their ten-year-old twins? A. £ 440. B. £ 520. C. £ 560. D. £ 640. B Gutiérrez’s life would never be the same again after finding a copy of Anna Karenina by Leo Tolstoy in the garbage 20 years ago. It happened while he was driving his garbage truck through wealthier neighbourhoods at night and seeing abandoned books. It aroused his desire to start rescuing books from the garbage. He used to take home between 50 and 60 books every morning. Eventually, he turned his book collection into a community library for children from low-income families. Colombia’s capital city of Bogota has 19 public libraries. However, these libraries tend to be far away from where rural and poorer communities live. The option of buying new books is non-existent for families struggling to make ends meet. Gutiérrez’s community library is a true representation of how one man’s garbage can be another’s treasure. Gutiérrez grew up poor, and his family could not afford to educate him beyond primary school. Nevertheless, his mother was a passionate reader and read stories to him every night. Her love for books left a deep impression on Gutiérrez. Today, his makeshift community library, called “The Strength of Words”, occupies most of his home in southern Bogota, and is piled from floor to ceiling with fiction and non-fiction titles. Everything from school textbooks to storybooks can be found in his collection of more than 20,000 books! As the word began to spread about his amazing project, people began sending him many more books to grow his library. Despite having done so much for his community, Gutiérrez is not yet content to call it a day. He continues to search through garbage cans for reading materials. Today, the Gutiérrez family does not merely want to start libraries in neighbourhoods. They want to create spaces for school children to spend their time reading. Gutiérrez’s journey to give back to his local community is an amazing example of how every one of us can improve the lives of those around us. How might we take a leaf out of Gutiérrez’s books and impact the less fortunate around us? 4. What inspired Gutiérrez to rescue unwanted books? A. The abandoned Anna Karenina. B. Leo Tolstoy’s life. C. Children’s living conditions. D. A community library. 5. Why did Gutiérrez start “The Strength of Words”? A. To create a harmonious neighborhood. B. To give his mother sufficient books. C. To promote children’s reading. D. To improve the community life. 6. What can best describe Gutiérrez? A. Devoted and talented. B. Intelligent and generous. C. Passionate and well-educated. D. Creative and caring. 7. What would be the best title for the text? A. Desire for Reading B. From Garbage to Treasure C. Gutiérrez’s Life D. An Amazing Model of Education C For decades, scientists thought of the brain as the most valuable and consequently most closely guarded part of the body. Locked safely behind the blood-brain barrier, it was broadly free of the harm of viruses and the battles started by the immune system (免疫系统). Then, about 20 years ago, some researchers began to wonder: is the brain really so separated from the body? The answer, according to a growing body of evidence, is no. The list of brain conditions that have been associated with changes elsewhere in the body is long and growing. Changes in the makeup of the microorganisms in the digestive system have been linked to disorders such as Parkinson’s disease. There is also a theory that infection during pregnancy could lead to brain diseases in babies. The effect is two-way. There is a lengthening list of symptoms not typically viewed as disorders of the nervous system, but the brain plays a large part in them. For example, the development of a fever is influenced by a population of nerve cells that control body temperature and appetite. Evidence is mounting that cancers use nerves to grow and spread. The interconnection between the brain and body has promising implications for our ability to both understand and treat illnesses. If some brain disorders start outside the brain, then perhaps treatments for them could also reach in from outside. Treatments that take effect through the digestive system, the heart or other organs, would be much easier and less risky than those that must cross the blood-brain barrier. It also works in the opposite direction. Study shows mice have healthier hearts after receiving stimulation to a brain area involved in positive emotion and motivation. Activation of the brain reward centre — called the ventral tegmental area (VTA) — seems to cause immune changes that contribute to it. Working out how this happens could help to destroy cancers, enhance responses to vaccines and even re-evaluate physical diseases that, for centuries, have not been considered as being psychologically driven. 8. What do the researchers focus on about the brain? A. Its protecting system. B. Its exposure to diseases. C. Its controlling function. D. Its connection to the body. 9. How does the author support his idea in paragraph 2? A. By explaining a theory. B. By providing examples. C. By making comparisons. D. By presenting cause and effect. 10. Which best describes treatments that do not cross the blood-brain barrier? A. Cheaper. B. More specific. C. Safer. D. More direct. 11. What does the study suggest in the last paragraph? A. Brain health depends on immune changes. B. Brain stimulation leads to negative emotions. C. The brain can help enhance psychological health. D. The brain may be key to treating physical diseases. D Imagine this. You need an image of a balloon for a work presentation and turn to an AI text-to-image generator, like Midjourney or DALL-E, to create a suitable image. You enter the prompt (提示词) “red balloon against a blue sky” but the generator returns an image of an egg instead. What’s going on? The generator you’re using may have been “poisoned”. What does this mean? Text-to-image generators work by being trained on large datasets that include millions or billions of images. Some of the generators have been trained by indiscriminately (任意的) scraping online images, many of which may be under copyright. This has led to many copyright infringement (侵害) cases where artists have accused big tech companies of stealing and profiting from their work. This is also where the idea of “poison” comes in. Researchers who want to empower individual artists have recently created a tool named “Nightshade” to fight back against unauthorized image scraping. The tool works by slightly altering an image’s pixels (像素) in a way that confuses the computer vision system but leaves the image unaltered to a human’s eyes. If an organization then scrapes one of these images to train a future AI model, its data pool becomes “poisoned”. This can result in mistaken learning, which makes the generator return unintended results. As in our earlier example, a balloon might become an egg. The higher the number of “poisoned” images in the training data, the greater the impact. Because of how generative AI works, the damage from “poisoned” images also affects related prompt keywords. For example, if a “poisoned” image of a Picasso work is used in training data, prompt results for masterpieces from other artists can also be affected. Possibly, tools like Nightshade can be abused by some users to intentionally upload “poisoned” images in order to confuse AI generators. But the Nightshade’s developer hopes the tool will make big tech companies more respectful of copyright. It does challenge a common belief among computer scientists that data found online can be used for any purpose they see fit. Human rights activists, for example, have been concerned for some time about the indiscriminate use of machine vision in wider society. This concern is particularly serious concerning facial recognition. There is a clear connection between facial recognition cases and data poisoning, as both relate to larger questions around technological governance. It may be better to see data poisoning as an innovative solution to the denial of some fundamental human rights. 12. What does the underlined word “scraping” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. facilitating B. collecting C. damaging D. polishing 13. According to the passage, what may adding poisoned data lead to? A. increasing the accuracy of returned information B. causing users to forget the prompt key words C. affecting the training of generative AI D. discriminating against great masterpieces 14. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A. Data poisoning is somehow justified to direct attention to human rights. B. Computer scientists has learned to respect the copyright of most artists. C. Nightshade is being abused by human rights activists to recognize faces. D. The issue of technological governance has aroused the lawyers’ interest. 15. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Data Poisoning: Government Empowering Citizens to Protect Themselves B. Data Poisoning: Addressing Facial Recognition Issues Among Artists C. Data Poisoning: Risks and Rewards of Generative AI Data Training D. Data Poisoning: Restricting Innovation or Empowering Artists 第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) Going on a solo travel adventure is more than just a holiday. ___16___ The decision to explore the world alone opens the door to a number of experiences that can reshape your life attitudes, build your confidence, and enrich your life in ways you may have never imagined! Here are some ways that solo traveling can change your life. ___17___ It might mean overcoming language difficulties, finding your way through confusing public transportation systems, or making quick decisions. The decisions you make, from choosing destinations to exploring unfamiliar streets, are totally your own. In this process, you discover aspects of yourself that may have remained unknown in your daily life. One of the most enriching aspects of solo travel is the opportunity to experience different cultures. ___18___ Whether it’s starting a conversation with a street vendor (摊贩) or sharing a meal with locals, solo travel provides a unique window into the cultural makeup of each destination. Solo travel is a constant exercise in adaptability and problem-solving. From understanding foreign languages to managing unexpected changes in plans, you are regularly faced with problems that demand creative solutions. ___19___ Solo travel is a journey of self-reliance and independence. As you go through the headaches of planning and making a trip on your own, you surely build a deep sense of self-confidence. ___20___ You have to rely on yourself to choose the next destination, manage your money and solve unexpected problems. Solo travel is an exploration of the self, an opportunity for cultural immersion (浸润), and a spark for personal growth. The impact of solo travel extends beyond the length of your trip, leaving you with a set of skills, perspectives, and memories that will last a lifetime. A. Solo travel forces you out of your comfort zone. B. Being alone makes you more approachable to locals. C. The challenges sometimes make you feel frustrated. D. It’s a journey of self-discovery, growth and transformation. E. The decisions both big and small, are entirely yours to make. F. The lessons learned on the road translate into increased self-respect. G. These problem-solving skills become valuable wealth in your everyday life. 第三部分语言运用 (共两节, 满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Anna was a 9-year-old girl from a small village. She ____21____ primary school till 4th grade at her village. For the 5th grade onwards, she would have to get a(n) ____22____ in a school at a city nearby. Today was the first day of her ____23____ school. Upon seeing her ____24____ clothing and knowing she was from a small village, other students started ____25____ her. The teacher soon arrived. She ____26____ Anna to the class and began her class. She told everyone to write down the Seven Wonders of the world. When everyone had ____27____ their answer paper, the teacher started reading them to the whole class. The majority had answered them ____28____ such as The Great Wall of China, Colosseum, Stonehenge, Great Pyramid of Giza, Leaning Tower of Pisa, Taj Mahal, Hanging Gardens of Babylon. The teacher was ____29____ as students had ____30____ what she had taught them. At last, the teacher laid her ____31____ on Anna’s answer paper and read aloud, “The Seven Wonders are—To be able to See, To be able to Hear, To be able to Feel, To Laugh, To Think, To be Kind, To ____32____!” The teacher stood ____33____ and the whole class was speechless. Today, a girl from a small village ____34____ us about the gifts we have, which are truly ____35____. Hence, use what we have and value what we have. 21. A. delayed B. quitted C. attended D. defended 22. A. liberation B. achievement C. admission D. performance 23. A. old B. new C. remote D. rare 24. A. simple B. clean C. lovely D. expensive 25. A. making use of B. making fun of C. getting down to D. coming down to 26. A. pushed B. followed C. turned D. introduced 27. A. presented B. received C. found D. handled 28. A. neatly B. correctly C. briefly D. dramatically 29. A. delighted B. realistic C. distant D. patient 30. A. detected B. expanded C. adapted D. remembered 31. A. breath B. emotions C. eyes D. wish 32. A. Create B. Learn C. Love D. Bet 33. A. shocked B. disappointed C. satisfied D. frightened 34. A. consulted B. warned C. encouraged D. reminded 35. A. beliefs B. wonders C. rewards D. ideals 第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese shadow puppetry (皮影戏) is probably one of the most ancient arts using light and shadow. Generally, shadow puppetry is a ____36____ (combine) of various art forms involving painting, carving, music, opera performance and story-telling. Dating back to the Han Dynasty, shadow puppetry reached its golden age in the Qing Dynasty. At that time, it ____37____ (perform) in almost every province, and at various celebrations, ranging ____38____ weddings to festival celebrations. It is not an easy job to make the puppets (木偶) ____39____(use) in performances. Most of them are made of leathers ____40____ must be carefully selected and ____41____ (repeat) polished and processed before they are ready for carving the puppets. When the leathers become transparent, fine and smooth enough, the artists would paint the characters on them, and then carve them out with tools. The body parts of the puppets are separately cut out and joined together, so that they could have as much as 24 movable joints (关节). Performers hold them with sticks connected to ____42____ (they) most important joints during the performances, so that the puppets could be shown as “____43____ (move) images” on the screens. With ____44____ rise of various forms of entertainment, shadow puppetry has been losing its shine. However, local artists across China have been exploring ways to help it survive. In 2011, Chinese shadow puppetry was added to UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage list, thus ____45____ (breathe) new life into the ancient art form. 第四部分 写作 (共两节, 满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作 (满分25分) 46. 上周三你校高三年级学生进行了为期一天的“美丽的大自然”主题研学（learning trip）。假如你是李华，请你给校英语报就本次研学写一篇报道，内容包括： 1. 时间和地点；2. 研学的过程；3. 研学的反响。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写 (满分15分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “Why she let out my secret? why she did that to me?” I vividly remembered that day when I was confused at the knowing looks which everyone gave me. That terrible experience was imprinted (铭刻) on my mind. I couldn’t forgive the person with whom I had shared my secret. She lost all my trust and friendship. Five years back, Sally was a new addition in our class. I don’t know what but there was something sticky (吸引人的) about her that attracted me towards her. She was the most friendly person I knew. We started as classmates but after a few months we were like best friends. We did homework together and dreamed of going to the same university one day. We hung out and went to the movies on weekends. That was a sweet time. Nevertheless, I couldn’t expect such an enormous betrayal (背叛) from her. I didn’t know what made me tell Sally about my personal life. I felt much regret to myself. She exaggerated (夸大) the matter, added her own spices to it and made it the hottest topic in school. It was like someone had stabbed (刺，捅) a knife in my back. After she revealed my secret, everyone at school started laughing at me and gazing at me wherever I passed. I was like a pond in which someone had thrown a stone and it had been spilled up. It was the most embarrassing time I had gone through. Soon afterwards, I left school and shifted to another one, because I thought no one had the right to laugh at me. Sally called me many times but I didn’t answer. My heart was broken because the person whom I trusted most cheated me. I made efforts to remove the scar from my heart. I started a new life, leaving all the bad memories behind, because they made me a person who often thought about the past experiences. Five years later, with the life going on, I made new friends and seldom thought about the past. But one day I met Anna in the market, my former classmate, who told me shocking news. Anna said that after I left school the gossip (流言蜚语) soon disappeared. Everyone in our class missed me. Because I left without saying goodbye, Sally was sad for a long time. And to my amazement, she told me that Sally was not the one who brought my secret to light. It was Mary who had a big mouth and always wanted to put her nose in other people’s matters. She happened to overhear my conversation with Sally. I was all at sea, feeling that the floor had slipped away beneath my feet. Anxious and regretful, I asked Anna for any contact with Sally. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I immediately called Sally in order to explain the misunderstanding. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 淄博四中高2024级高一下学期学分认定考试 英语·试卷 本试题分第I卷和第II卷两部分, 共67题, 12页, 满分150分, 考试用时120分钟。考试结束后只将答题卡交回。 注意事项: 1. 答题前,务必将本人班级、姓名、考号、考场、座号用正楷字体填写在答题卡相应位置。 2. 答第I卷时,必须使用2B铅笔填涂答题卡上相应题目的答案涂黑,修改时,要用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号,写在试卷上的答案无效。 3. 答第II卷时,必须使用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔书写,作图时,可用2B铅笔,要求字体工整,笔迹清晰。务必在题号所指示的答题区域内作答,写在试卷及草稿纸上的答案无效。 第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What bill has already been paid? A. The water bill. B. The electricity bill. C. The phone bill. 2. What time will the speakers have dinner? A. At 7:00. B. At 7:30. C. At 8:00. 3. Which place does the man recommend most strongly? A. The museum. B. The castle. C. The market. 4. Where are the speakers? A. In a tower. B. In a cinema. C. In a taxi. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. How Eve got the book. B. Whether Eve used the website. C. When Eve went to the bookshop. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。 6. What are the speakers? A. High school students. B. College students. C. College Graduates. 7. Which major does the woman think leads to good job opportunities? A. Math. B. Computing. C. Science. 听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。 8. How has the woman been today? A. Relaxed. B. Busy. C. Stressed. 9. What will the speakers do? A. Make some iced coffee. B. Visit a company. C. Go to a cafe. 听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。 10. What is the relationship between the man and Danny? A. Cousins. B. Brothers. C. Classmates. 11. How will the speakers go to the beach? A. By car. B. By bus. C. By train. 12. What do the speakers decide on at last? A. Where to meet. B. What to take. C. When to leave. 听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。 13. How far will the cyclists travel at the most on a single day? A. 35 km. B. 45 km. C. 50 km. 14. What does the woman think of the daily cycling distance? A. Acceptable. B. Relaxing. C. Hard. 15. What does the woman care about most in hotels? A. The gym. B. The restaurant. C. The swimming pool. 16. Which meal will the cyclists have in the open air? A. Breakfast. B. Lunch. C. Dinner. 听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。 17. What is Deep Blue? A. A chess master. B. An engineer. C. A computer. 18. What can Kasparov do in a second? A. Set up the chess board. B. Think of three approaches. C. Predict the other player's moves. 19. What do we know about the first game? A. An engineer assisted Kasparov. B. It lasted over four hours. C. Kasparov won it. 20. What did the computer try to do in the second game? A. Avoid being tricked. B. Spend less time thinking. C. Lead Kasparov to make a mistake. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节, 满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A David Shepherd Wildlife Foundation (DSWF) is delighted to welcome faithful supporters and new friends to join us at our annual Wildlife Ball to celebrate the natural world and conservation. Hosted by the grand Dorchester Hotel in London, the DSWF Wildlife Ball will take place on the 27th July 2024 where we’ll bring the wilderness to life with our very own Sundown Safari (观赏之旅). Join a black-tie gastronomical (美食) safari As part of a black-tie gastronomical safari, guests will be treated to a mouth-watering three-course meal, enjoy world-class entertainment and listen to insightful and inspiring speeches about DSWF’s conservation work to turn the tables on extinction. The DSWF Wildlife Ball helps raise vital funds and awareness for our essential work, protecting endangered species and their habitats across the world. After a year away we are excited to be welcoming you back and look forward to being your guides at what promises to be a night to remember in support of wildlife. Last year, the virtual Wildlife Ball raised over £ 800,000 for DSWF’s vital conservation efforts across Africa and Asia, despite not being able to celebrate in person. We are really excited to invite you back to the Dorchester Hotel, who are our generous hosts, and together aim to celebrate wildlife and the wilderness in style and to raise vital funds to help in the fight for a greener future. Book tickets to the Wildlife Ball 2024 Book tickets or register your interest today to avoid disappointment. Either by emailing the team at wildlifeball @ davidshepherd.org or by calling the DSWF office on 01483 272323. Individual Tickets: £ 200(Children under 12 get 40%off) VIP packages are available on request. 1. What do we learn about Wildlife Ball 2024? A. It’ll be held in the wild. B. It’ll offer guests a delicious meal. C. It’ll allow guests to watch ball games. D. It’ll be followed by a guided tour of London. 2. What’s the main purpose of hosting Wildlife Ball 2024? A. To entertain supporters B. To celebrate the festival C. To obtain financial support. D. To interact with wild animals. 3. What’s the admission fee for a couple with their ten-year-old twins? A. £ 440. B. £ 520. C. £ 560. D. £ 640. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Dorchester大酒店主办的DSWF野生动物舞会将于2024年7月27日举行，文章就其相关的项目活动安排，目的以及费用进行了详细解释。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Join a black-tie gastronomical (美食) safari部分内容“As part of a black-tie gastronomical safari, guests will be treated to a mouth-watering three-course meal, enjoy world-class entertainment and listen to insightful and inspiring speeches about DSWF’s conservation work to turn the tables on extinction.(作为一场正式的美食之旅的一部分，客人们将享用令人垂涎的三道菜大餐，享受世界级的娱乐活动，并听取有关DSWF保护工作的深刻和鼓舞人心的演讲，以扭转物种灭绝的命运。)”可知，Wildlife Ball 2024将会给客人提供美味大餐。故选B。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章Join a black-tie gastronomical (美食) safari部分内容“We are really excited to invite you back to the Dorchester Hotel, who are our generous hosts, and together aim to celebrate wildlife and the wilderness in style and to raise vital funds to help in the fight for a greener future.(我们非常高兴地邀请您回到Dorchester酒店，我们慷慨的主人，我们共同致力于以时尚的方式庆祝野生动物和荒野，并筹集重要资金，以帮助争取更绿色的未来。)”可知，2024野生动物舞会的目的在于筹集资金。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Book tickets to the Wildlife Ball 2024部分内容“Individual Tickets: £ 200(Children under 12 get 40% off)(个人票：200英镑（12岁以下儿童6折）)”可知，单人票价为200英镑，12岁以下儿童6折应是“200英镑*（100%-40%）=120英镑”，因此，一对夫妇两人带着10岁的双胞胎儿童，票价应是“200英镑*2+120英镑*2=640英镑”。故选D。 B Gutiérrez’s life would never be the same again after finding a copy of Anna Karenina by Leo Tolstoy in the garbage 20 years ago. It happened while he was driving his garbage truck through wealthier neighbourhoods at night and seeing abandoned books. It aroused his desire to start rescuing books from the garbage. He used to take home between 50 and 60 books every morning. Eventually, he turned his book collection into a community library for children from low-income families. Colombia’s capital city of Bogota has 19 public libraries. However, these libraries tend to be far away from where rural and poorer communities live. The option of buying new books is non-existent for families struggling to make ends meet. Gutiérrez’s community library is a true representation of how one man’s garbage can be another’s treasure. Gutiérrez grew up poor, and his family could not afford to educate him beyond primary school. Nevertheless, his mother was a passionate reader and read stories to him every night. Her love for books left a deep impression on Gutiérrez. Today, his makeshift community library, called “The Strength of Words”, occupies most of his home in southern Bogota, and is piled from floor to ceiling with fiction and non-fiction titles. Everything from school textbooks to storybooks can be found in his collection of more than 20,000 books! As the word began to spread about his amazing project, people began sending him many more books to grow his library. Despite having done so much for his community, Gutiérrez is not yet content to call it a day. He continues to search through garbage cans for reading materials. Today, the Gutiérrez family does not merely want to start libraries in neighbourhoods. They want to create spaces for school children to spend their time reading. Gutiérrez’s journey to give back to his local community is an amazing example of how every one of us can improve the lives of those around us. How might we take a leaf out of Gutiérrez’s books and impact the less fortunate around us? 4. What inspired Gutiérrez to rescue unwanted books? A. The abandoned Anna Karenina. B. Leo Tolstoy’s life. C. Children’s living conditions. D. A community library. 5 Why did Gutiérrez start “The Strength of Words”? A. To create a harmonious neighborhood. B. To give his mother sufficient books. C. To promote children’s reading. D. To improve the community life. 6. What can best describe Gutiérrez? A. Devoted and talented. B. Intelligent and generous. C. Passionate and well-educated. D. Creative and caring. 7. What would be the best title for the text? A. Desire for Reading B. From Garbage to Treasure C. Gutiérrez’s Life D. An Amazing Model of Education 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述Gutiérrez通过从垃圾堆中收集废书的方式为农村和贫困社区的孩子们建立了一个社区图书馆从而帮助他们开始阅读的故事，引发了读者关于如何改善身边人的生活的思考。 故选 B。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Gutiérrez life would never be the same again after finding a copy of Anna Karenina by Leo Tolstoy in the garbage 20 years ago. It happened while he was driving his garbage truck through wealthier neighbourhoods at night and seeing abandoned books. It aroused his desire to start rescuing books from the garbage.”可知，Gutiérrez在垃圾堆里发现了被丢弃的《安娜·卡列尼娜》，这使他有了从垃圾堆里捡书的想法。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Eventually, he turned his book collection into a community library for children from low-income families.(最终，他把自己的藏书变成了一个社区图书馆，供低收入家庭的孩子们使用)”以及第四段中的“Today，his make shift community library, called ‘The Strength of Words’, occupies most of his home in southern Bogota , and is piled from floor to ceiling with fiction and non-fiction titles. Everything from school textbooks to storybooks can be found in his collection of more than 20,000 books!(如今，他的临时社区图书馆’文字的力量’占据了他位于波哥大南部的家的大部分空间，从地板到天花板都堆满了小说和非小说类的书籍。从学校课本到故事书，所有的东西都可以在他收藏的20000多本书中找到!)”可知，Gutiérrez的 The Strength of Words旨在促进孩子们阅读。故选C。 6题详解】 推理判断题。文章主要讲述Gutiérrez通过从垃圾堆中收集废书的方式为农村和贫困社区的孩子们建立了一个社区图书馆从而帮助他们开始阅读的故事。再根据文章第一段“Eventually, he turned his book collection into a community library for children from low-income families. (最终，他将自己的藏书变成了一个面向低收入家庭儿童的社区图书馆)”可推知，他既有创意又有爱心。故选D。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述Gutiérrez通过从垃圾堆中收集废书的方式为农村和贫困社区的孩子们建立了一个社区图书馆从而帮助他们开始阅读的故事。B项“From Garbage to Treasure(变废为宝)”最能概括本文主旨。故选B。 C For decades, scientists thought of the brain as the most valuable and consequently most closely guarded part of the body. Locked safely behind the blood-brain barrier, it was broadly free of the harm of viruses and the battles started by the immune system (免疫系统). Then, about 20 years ago, some researchers began to wonder: is the brain really so separated from the body? The answer, according to a growing body of evidence, is no. The list of brain conditions that have been associated with changes elsewhere in the body is long and growing. Changes in the makeup of the microorganisms in the digestive system have been linked to disorders such as Parkinson’s disease. There is also a theory that infection during pregnancy could lead to brain diseases in babies. The effect is two-way. There is a lengthening list of symptoms not typically viewed as disorders of the nervous system, but the brain plays a large part in them. For example, the development of a fever is influenced by a population of nerve cells that control body temperature and appetite. Evidence is mounting that cancers use nerves to grow and spread. The interconnection between the brain and body has promising implications for our ability to both understand and treat illnesses. If some brain disorders start outside the brain, then perhaps treatments for them could also reach in from outside. Treatments that take effect through the digestive system, the heart or other organs, would be much easier and less risky than those that must cross the blood-brain barrier. It also works in the opposite direction. Study shows mice have healthier hearts after receiving stimulation to a brain area involved in positive emotion and motivation. Activation of the brain reward centre — called the ventral tegmental area (VTA) — seems to cause immune changes that contribute to it. Working out how this happens could help to destroy cancers, enhance responses to vaccines and even re-evaluate physical diseases that, for centuries, have not been considered as being psychologically driven. 8. What do the researchers focus on about the brain? A. Its protecting system. B. Its exposure to diseases. C. Its controlling function. D. Its connection to the body. 9. How does the author support his idea in paragraph 2? A. By explaining a theory. B. By providing examples. C. By making comparisons. D. By presenting cause and effect. 10. Which best describes treatments that do not cross the blood-brain barrier? A. Cheaper. B. More specific. C. Safer. D. More direct. 11. What does the study suggest in the last paragraph? A. Brain health depends on immune changes. B. Brain stimulation leads to negative emotions. C The brain can help enhance psychological health. D. The brain may be key to treating physical diseases. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一些研究人员发现大脑并不是身体中保护最严密的部分，它和身体的其它部分产生的疾病是有联系的。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Then, about 20 years ago, some researchers began to wonder: is the brain really so separated from the body? The answer, according to a growing body of evidence, is no. (然后，大约20年前，一些研究人员开始怀疑：大脑真的与身体如此分离吗？根据越来越多的证据，答案是否定的。)”可知，研究人员主要研究大脑与身体的联系。故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The list of brain conditions that have been associated with changes elsewhere in the body is long and growing. Changes in the makeup of the microorganisms in the digestive system have been linked to disorders such as Parkinson’s disease. There is also a theory that infection during pregnancy could lead to brain diseases in babies. (与身体其他部位变化相关的大脑状况清单很长，而且还在不断增加。消化系统中微生物组成的变化与帕金森病等疾病有关。还有一种理论认为，怀孕期间的感染可能会导致婴儿脑部疾病。)”可知，这一段作者主要通过消化系统和怀孕期间的感染2个例子来论证自己的观点，说明大脑并不是身体中保护最严密的部分。故选B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Treatments that take effect through the digestive system, the heart or other organs, would be much easier and less risky than those that must cross the blood-brain barrier. (通过消化系统、心脏或其他器官进行的治疗比必须穿过血脑屏障的治疗更容易，风险更小。)”可知，不通过血脑屏障的治疗风险更小。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Study shows mice have healthier hearts after receiving stimulation to a brain area involved in positive emotion and motivation. Activation of the brain reward centre — called the ventral tegmental area (VTA) — seems to cause immune changes that contribute to it. Working out how this happens could help to destroy cancers, enhance responses to vaccines and even re-evaluate physical diseases that, for centuries, have not been considered as being psychologically driven. (研究表明，在大脑中涉及积极情绪和动机的区域受到刺激后，小鼠的心脏更健康。大脑奖赏中心——被称为腹侧被盖区（VTA）——的激活似乎会导致免疫变化。弄清楚这种情况是如何发生的，可以帮助摧毁癌症，增强对疫苗的反应，甚至重新评估几个世纪以来一直不被认为是心理驱动的物理疾病。)”可知，大脑可能是治疗身体疾病的关键。故选D。 D Imagine this. You need an image of a balloon for a work presentation and turn to an AI text-to-image generator, like Midjourney or DALL-E, to create a suitable image. You enter the prompt (提示词) “red balloon against a blue sky” but the generator returns an image of an egg instead. What’s going on? The generator you’re using may have been “poisoned”. What does this mean? Text-to-image generators work by being trained on large datasets that include millions or billions of images. Some of the generators have been trained by indiscriminately (任意的) scraping online images, many of which may be under copyright. This has led to many copyright infringement (侵害) cases where artists have accused big tech companies of stealing and profiting from their work. This is also where the idea of “poison” comes in. Researchers who want to empower individual artists have recently created a tool named “Nightshade” to fight back against unauthorized image scraping. The tool works by slightly altering an image’s pixels (像素) in a way that confuses the computer vision system but leaves the image unaltered to a human’s eyes. If an organization then scrapes one of these images to train a future AI model, its data pool becomes “poisoned”. This can result in mistaken learning, which makes the generator return unintended results. As in our earlier example, a balloon might become an egg. The higher the number of “poisoned” images in the training data, the greater the impact. Because of how generative AI works, the damage from “poisoned” images also affects related prompt keywords. For example, if a “poisoned” image of a Picasso work is used in training data, prompt results for masterpieces from other artists can also be affected. Possibly, tools like Nightshade can be abused by some users to intentionally upload “poisoned” images in order to confuse AI generators. But the Nightshade’s developer hopes the tool will make big tech companies more respectful of copyright. It does challenge a common belief among computer scientists that data found online can be used for any purpose they see fit. Human rights activists, for example, have been concerned for some time about the indiscriminate use of machine vision in wider society. This concern is particularly serious concerning facial recognition. There is a clear connection between facial recognition cases and data poisoning, as both relate to larger questions around technological governance. It may be better to see data poisoning as an innovative solution to the denial of some fundamental human rights. 12. What does the underlined word “scraping” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. facilitating B. collecting C. damaging D. polishing 13. According to the passage, what may adding poisoned data lead to? A. increasing the accuracy of returned information B. causing users to forget the prompt key words C. affecting the training of generative AI D. discriminating against great masterpieces 14. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A. Data poisoning is somehow justified to direct attention to human rights. B. Computer scientists has learned to respect the copyright of most artists. C. Nightshade is being abused by human rights activists to recognize faces. D. The issue of technological governance has aroused the lawyers’ interest. 15. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Data Poisoning: Government Empowering Citizens to Protect Themselves B. Data Poisoning: Addressing Facial Recognition Issues Among Artists C. Data Poisoning: Risks and Rewards of Generative AI Data Training D. Data Poisoning: Restricting Innovation or Empowering Artists 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了AI文本生成图像工具的工作原理、可能存在的版权问题以及由此引出的“投毒”概念，还探讨了相关工具如Nightshade的用途和可能带来的影响，以及这一领域与人权、技术治理等议题的关联。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Text-to-image generators work by being trained on large datasets that include millions or billions of images.(文本到图像生成器的工作原理是在包含数百万或数十亿图像的大型数据集上进行训练)”以及后文“online images(在线图像)”可知，文本到图像生成器的工作原理是在包含数百万或数十亿图像的大型数据集上进行训练，所以收集了在线图像来训练，故划线词意思是“收集”。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The tool works by slightly altering an image’s pixels (像素) in a way that confuses the computer vision system but leaves the image unaltered to a human’s eyes. If an organization then scrapes one of these images to train a future AI model, its data pool becomes “poisoned”. This can result in mistaken learning, which makes the generator return unintended results.(这个工具的工作原理是轻微地改变图像的像素，以一种让计算机视觉系统感到困惑但人类肉眼却看不出变化的方式。如果一个组织随后抓取这些图像来训练未来的AI模型，那么它的数据集就变得“有毒”了。这可能会导致错误的学习，使得生成器返回非预期的结果)”可知，添加有毒数据会影响生成式AI的训练。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Possibly, tools like Nightshade can be abused by some users to intentionally upload “poisoned” images in order to confuse AI generators. But the Nightshade’s developer hopes the tool will make big tech companies more respectful of copyright.(像Nightshade这样的工具可能会被一些用户滥用，故意上传“有毒”的图像，以迷惑AI生成器。但Nightshade的开发者希望这个工具能让大型科技公司更加尊重版权)”以及最后一段“Human rights activists, for example, have been concerned for some time about the indiscriminate use of machine vision in wider society. This concern is particularly serious concerning facial recognition. There is a clear connection between facial recognition cases and data poisoning, as both relate to larger questions around technological governance. It may be better to see data poisoning as an innovative solution to the denial of some fundamental human rights.(例如，人权活动家一段时间以来一直担心机器视觉在更广泛的社会中被滥用。这种担忧在面部识别方面尤为严重。面部识别案例与数据中毒之间存在明显联系，因为两者都涉及到围绕技术治理的更大问题。或许最好将数据中毒视为一种创新的解决方案，以解决某些基本人权遭到剥夺的问题)”可知，最后两段提到，人权活动人士一直担心滥用机器视觉，特别是面部识别，并且面部识别案件与数据中毒之间存在联系。作者建议，将数据中毒视为剥夺某些基本人权的创新解决方案可能是一个更好的观点。这意味着，数据中毒可以被视为引起人们对人权问题的注意的一种方式，从而证明在某些情况下使用数据中毒是合理的。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“You enter the prompt (提示词) “red balloon against a blue sky” but the generator returns an image of an egg instead.(你输入提示词“蓝天下的红色气球”，但生成器返回的却是一张鸡蛋的图片)”以及第二段“The generator you’re using may have been “poisoned”. What does this mean? Text-to-image generators work by being trained on large datasets that include millions or billions of images. Some of the generators have been trained by indiscriminately (任意的) scraping online images, many of which may be under copyright. This has led to many copyright infringement (侵害) cases where artists have accused big tech companies of stealing and profiting from their work.(你正在使用的生成器可能已经被“投毒”了。这是什么意思呢？文本生成图像的工具是通过在包含数百万或数十亿张图片的大型数据集上进行训练来工作的。其中一些生成器是通过不加区分地从网上抓取图片来进行训练的，而这些图片中很多可能都受版权保护。这导致了许多版权侵权案件，艺术家们指责大型科技公司窃取他们的作品并从中获利)”结合文章主要解释了“中毒”数据的含义，即通过特地工具对图像像素进行细微修改，使得这些图像在训练AI模型时会导致模型学习错误，从而产生非预期的输出，这导致了许多侵犯版权的案件，引起艺术家的不满。选项D“数据中毒：限制创新还是赋权艺术家”总结了全文内容，为最佳标题。故选D。 第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) Going on a solo travel adventure is more than just a holiday. ___16___ The decision to explore the world alone opens the door to a number of experiences that can reshape your life attitudes, build your confidence, and enrich your life in ways you may have never imagined! Here are some ways that solo traveling can change your life. ___17___ It might mean overcoming language difficulties, finding your way through confusing public transportation systems, or making quick decisions. The decisions you make, from choosing destinations to exploring unfamiliar streets, are totally your own. In this process, you discover aspects of yourself that may have remained unknown in your daily life. One of the most enriching aspects of solo travel is the opportunity to experience different cultures. ___18___ Whether it’s starting a conversation with a street vendor (摊贩) or sharing a meal with locals, solo travel provides a unique window into the cultural makeup of each destination. Solo travel is a constant exercise in adaptability and problem-solving. From understanding foreign languages to managing unexpected changes in plans, you are regularly faced with problems that demand creative solutions. ___19___ Solo travel is a journey of self-reliance and independence. As you go through the headaches of planning and making a trip on your own, you surely build a deep sense of self-confidence. ___20___ You have to rely on yourself to choose the next destination, manage your money and solve unexpected problems. Solo travel is an exploration of the self, an opportunity for cultural immersion (浸润), and a spark for personal growth. The impact of solo travel extends beyond the length of your trip, leaving you with a set of skills, perspectives, and memories that will last a lifetime. A. Solo travel forces you out of your comfort zone. B. Being alone makes you more approachable to locals. C. The challenges sometimes make you feel frustrated. D. It’s a journey of self-discovery, growth and transformation. E. The decisions, both big and small, are entirely yours to make. F. The lessons learned on the road translate into increased self-respect. G. These problem-solving skills become valuable wealth in your everyday life. 【答案】16 D 17. A 18. B 19. G 20. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了独自旅行的好处。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Going on a solo travel adventure is more than just a holiday. (独自旅行不仅仅是一次度假)”以及后文“The decision to explore the world alone opens the door to a number of experiences that can reshape your life attitudes, build your confidence, and enrich your life in ways you may have never imagined! Here are some ways that solo traveling can change your life.(独自探索世界的决定为你打开了一扇通往许多经历的大门，这些经历可以重塑你的生活态度，建立你的信心，并以你从未想象过的方式丰富你的生活!这里有一些独自旅行可以改变你的生活的方式)”可知，本句承接上文，接着叙述独自旅行的深层次含义。故D选项“这是一段自我发现、成长和转变的旅程”符合语境，故选D。 【17题详解】 根据本段内容“It might mean overcoming language difficulties, finding your way through confusing public transportation systems, or making quick decisions. The decisions you make, from choosing destinations to exploring unfamiliar streets, are totally your own. In this process, you discover aspects of yourself that may have remained unknown in your daily life.(这可能意味着克服语言障碍，在令人困惑的公共交通系统中找到方向，或者快速做出决定。你所做的决定，从选择目的地到探索陌生的街道，完全是你自己的。在这个过程中，你会发现自己在日常生活中可能不为人知的方面)”可知，本段主要说明了独自旅行会发现不为人知的方面，且提到了会遇到的困难，本句为本段主旨句，主要说明独自旅行的意义一方面。故A选项“独自旅行迫使你走出自己的舒适区”符合语境，故选A。 【18题详解】 根据后文“Whether it’s starting a conversation with a street vendor (摊贩) or sharing a meal with locals, solo travel provides a unique window into the cultural makeup of each destination.(无论是与街头小贩攀谈，还是与当地人共进晚餐，独自旅行都为了解每个目地的文化构成提供了一个独特的窗口)”可知，后文提到了和街头小贩攀谈以及和当地人共进晚餐，说明提供了和当地人接近的机会。故B选项“独处会让当地人更容易接近你”符合语境，故选B。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Solo travel is a constant exercise in adaptability and problem-solving. From understanding foreign languages to managing unexpected changes in plans, you are regularly faced with problems that demand creative solutions. (独自旅行是对适应能力和解决问题能力的不断锻炼。从理解外语到管理计划中的意外变化，你经常面临需要创造性解决方案的问题)”可知，上文提到了独自旅行可以提高解决问题的能力，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，说明好处。故G选项“这些解决问题的技能会成为你日常生活中宝贵的财富”符合语境，故选G。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Solo travel is a journey of self-reliance and independence. As you go through the headaches of planning and making a trip on your own, you surely build a deep sense of self-confidence.(独自旅行是自力更生和独立的旅程。当你经历了计划和独自旅行的头痛时，你肯定会建立起一种深深的自信)”以及后文“You have to rely on yourself to choose the next destination, manage your money and solve unexpected problems.(你必须依靠自己来选择下一个目的地，管理你的钱，解决意想不到的问题)”可知，本段主要论述了独自旅行需要自己做好决策的情况。故E选项“决定，无论大小，都完全由你来做”符合语境，故选E。 第三部分语言运用 (共两节, 满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Anna was a 9-year-old girl from a small village. She ____21____ primary school till 4th grade at her village. For the 5th grade onwards, she would have to get a(n) ____22____ in a school at a city nearby. Today was the first day of her ____23____ school. Upon seeing her ____24____ clothing and knowing she was from a small village, other students started ____25____ her. The teacher soon arrived. She ____26____ Anna to the class and began her class. She told everyone to write down the Seven Wonders of the world. When everyone had ____27____ their answer paper, the teacher started reading them to the whole class. The majority had answered them ____28____ such as The Great Wall of China, Colosseum, Stonehenge, Great Pyramid of Giza, Leaning Tower of Pisa, Taj Mahal, Hanging Gardens of Babylon. The teacher was ____29____ as students had ____30____ what she had taught them. At last, the teacher laid her ____31____ on Anna’s answer paper and read aloud, “The Seven Wonders are—To be able to See, To be able to Hear, To be able to Feel, To Laugh, To Think, To be Kind, To ____32____!” The teacher stood ____33____ and the whole class was speechless. Today, a girl from a small village ____34____ us about the gifts we have, which are truly ____35____. Hence, use what we have and value what we have. 21. A. delayed B. quitted C. attended D. defended 22. A. liberation B. achievement C. admission D. performance 23. A. old B. new C. remote D. rare 24. A. simple B. clean C. lovely D. expensive 25. A. making use of B. making fun of C. getting down to D. coming down to 26. A. pushed B. followed C. turned D. introduced 27. A. presented B. received C. found D. handled 28. A. neatly B. correctly C. briefly D. dramatically 29. A. delighted B. realistic C. distant D. patient 30. A. detected B. expanded C. adapted D. remembered 31. A. breath B. emotions C. eyes D. wish 32. A. Create B. Learn C. Love D. Bet 33. A. shocked B. disappointed C. satisfied D. frightened 34. A. consulted B. warned C. encouraged D. reminded 35. A. beliefs B. wonders C. rewards D. ideals 【答案】21. C 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Anna在新学校的第一天，用她对“世界七大奇迹”的独特理解提醒了全班同学要珍惜自己所拥有的。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在村里上小学到四年级。A. delayed推迟；B. quitted停止，放弃；C. attended参加，上学；D. defended防御。根据上文“Anna was a 9-year-old girl from a small village. ”可知，Anna在村里上小学一直到四年级。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从五年级开始，她必须在附近城市的一所学校获得入学许可。A. liberation解放；B. achievement成就；C. admission入学许可；D. performance表现。根据上文“She ____1____ primary school till4th grade at her village.”可知，Anna在村里上完四年级，从五年级开始，她要去城里上学，因此她需要获得城里学校的入学许可。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今天是她新学校的第一天。A. old旧的；B. new新的；C. remote遥远的；D. rare罕见的。根据上文“For the 5th grade onwards, she would have to get a(n) ____2____ in a school at a city nearby.”可知，Anna今天是去城里新学校的第一天。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到她朴素的衣着，知道她来自一个小村庄，其他学生开始嘲笑她。A. simple朴素的；B. clean干净的；C. lovely可爱的；D. expensive昂贵的。根据上文“knowing she was from a small village”可知，因为她来自小村庄，所以衣着朴素。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：看到她朴素的衣着，知道她来自一个小村庄，其他学生开始嘲笑她。A. making use of利用；B. making fun of嘲笑；C. getting down to开始认真做某事；D. coming down to归结为。根据上文“Upon seeing her ____4____ clothing and knowing she was from a small village,”可知，其他学生看到她朴素的衣着，知道她来自一个小村庄，所以开始嘲笑她。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把Anna介绍给全班同学，然后开始上课。A. pushed推；B. followed跟随；C. turned转身；D. introduced介绍。根据上文“Today was the first day of her ____3____ school.”可知，Anna是第一天来到新学校上学，所以老师把她介绍给全班同学，然后开始上课。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当每个人都交了答卷后，老师开始给全班读。A. presented提交；B. received收到；C. found发现；D. handled处理。根据上文“She told everyone to write down the Seven Wonders of the world.”可知，老师让学生写下世界七大奇迹，因此此处是指学生们交了答卷。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：大多数人正确地回答了，如中国的长城、罗马斗兽场、巨石阵、吉萨大金字塔、比萨斜塔、泰姬陵、巴比伦空中花园。A. neatly整洁地；B. correctly正确地；C. briefly简要地；D. dramatically戏剧性地。根据下文“such as The Great Wall of China, Colosseum, Stonehenge, Great Pyramid of Giza, Leaning Tower of Pisa, Taj Mahal, Hanging Gardens of Babylon”可知，这些都是世界七大奇迹，因此此处是指大多数人正确地回答了老师的问题。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：老师很高兴，因为学生们记住了她教给他们的东西。A. delighted高兴的；B. realistic现实的；C. distant遥远的；D. patient耐心的。根据上文“The majority had answered them ____8____ such as The Great Wall of China, Colosseum, Stonehenge, Great Pyramid of Giza, Leaning Tower of Pisa, Taj Mahal, Hanging Gardens of Babylon.”可知，因为学生们都答对了，所以老师很高兴。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为学生们记住了她教给他们的东西。A. detected发现；B. expanded扩大；C. adapted适应；D. remembered记住。根据上文“The majority had answered them ____8____ such as The Great Wall of China, Colosseum, Stonehenge, Great Pyramid of Giza, Leaning Tower of Pisa, Taj Mahal, Hanging Gardens of Babylon.”可知，因为学生们都答对了，所以此处是指学生们记住了她教给他们的东西。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，老师把目光投向Anna的答卷，大声读道：“世界七大奇迹是——能看见、能听见、能感觉、能笑、能思考、能善良、能爱！”A. breath呼吸；B. emotions情绪；C. eyes眼睛；D. wish希望。根据下文“the whole class was speechless”可知，老师把目光投向Anna的答卷，然后开始大声读，读完后全班因为震惊而鸦雀无声。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：七大奇迹是——能够看见、能够听见、能够感受、能够笑、能够思考、能够善良、能够爱！A. Create创造；B. Learn学习；C. Love爱；D. Bet打赌。根据空前“The Seven Wonders are—To be able to See, To be able to Hear, To be able to Feel, To Laugh, To Think, To be Kind,”可知，Anna的回答是关于人类拥有的宝贵能力，爱是其中之一。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：老师站在那里，震惊了，全班鸦雀无声。A. shocked震惊的；B. disappointed失望的；C. satisfied满意的；D. frightened害怕的。根据上文“The Seven Wonders are—To be able to See, To be able to Hear, To be able to Feel, To Laugh, To Think, To be Kind, To ____12____ !”可知，Anna写的世界七大奇迹让老师很震惊。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，一个来自小村庄的女孩提醒了我们所拥有的礼物，这些礼物才是真正的奇迹。A. consulted咨询；B. warned警告；C. encouraged鼓励；D. reminded提醒。根据上文“The Seven Wonders are—To be able to See, To be able to Hear, To be able to Feel, To Laugh, To Think, To be Kind, To ____12____ !”可知，Anna写的世界七大奇迹提醒了人们所拥有的礼物，这些礼物才是真正的奇迹。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，一个来自小村庄的女孩提醒了我们所拥有的礼物，这些礼物才是真正的奇迹。A. beliefs信仰；B. wonders奇迹；C. rewards奖励；D. ideals理想。根据下文“Hence, use what we have and value what we have.”可知，Anna写的世界七大奇迹才是生活中真正的奇迹。故选B。 第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese shadow puppetry (皮影戏) is probably one of the most ancient arts using light and shadow. Generally, shadow puppetry is a ____36____ (combine) of various art forms involving painting, carving, music, opera performance and story-telling. Dating back to the Han Dynasty, shadow puppetry reached its golden age in the Qing Dynasty. At that time, it ____37____ (perform) in almost every province, and at various celebrations, ranging ____38____ weddings to festival celebrations. It is not an easy job to make the puppets (木偶) ____39____(use) in performances. Most of them are made of leathers, ____40____ must be carefully selected and ____41____ (repeat) polished and processed before they are ready for carving the puppets. When the leathers become transparent, fine and smooth enough, the artists would paint the characters on them, and then carve them out with tools. The body parts of the puppets are separately cut out and joined together, so that they could have as much as 24 movable joints (关节). Performers hold them with sticks connected to ____42____ (they) most important joints during the performances, so that the puppets could be shown as “____43____ (move) images” on the screens. With ____44____ rise of various forms of entertainment, shadow puppetry has been losing its shine. However, local artists across China have been exploring ways to help it survive. In 2011, Chinese shadow puppetry was added to UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage list, thus ____45____ (breathe) new life into the ancient art form. 【答案】36. combination 37. was performed 38. from 39. used 40. which 41. repeatedly 42. their 43. moving 44. the 45. breathing 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是中国的皮影戏。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：一般来说，皮影戏融合了多种艺术形式，包括绘画、雕刻、音乐、戏剧表演和讲故事等。由a可知，空格处用名词的单数作表语，combine的名词是combination，意为“结合”，故填combination。 【37题详解】 考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：当时，它几乎在每个省份都有上演，并且在各种庆祝活动中都有表演，从婚礼到节日庆典无所不包。皮影戏是被表演，由At that time可知，时态是一般过去时，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语it是单数，因此空格处是was performed。故填was performed。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：当时，它几乎在每个省份都有上演，并且在各种庆祝活动中都有表演，从婚礼到节日庆典无所不包。range from...to...是固定短语，意为“从……到……”，故填from。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：制作表演中使用的木偶并非易事。句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词，puppets和use之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故填used。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：它们大多由皮革制成，这些皮革在用于雕刻木偶之前，必须经过精心挑选、反复打磨和加工。空格处引导非限行定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词leathers是物，因此用关系代词which引导定语从句，故填which。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：它们大多由皮革制成，这些皮革在用于雕刻木偶之前，必须经过精心挑选、反复打磨和加工。空格处用副词repeatedly修饰动词polished and processed，repeatedly意为“反复地”，故填repeatedly。 【42题详解】 考查物主代词。句意：在表演过程中，演员会用一根连接到其最重要关节的棍子来握住这些木偶，从而让木偶在屏幕上呈现出“动态影像”的效果。they和most important joints之间是所属关系，因此用形容词性物主代词their修饰most important joints，故填their。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在表演过程中，演员会用一根连接到其最重要关节的棍子来握住这些木偶，从而让木偶在屏幕上呈现出“动态影像”的效果。根据语境可知，此处表示“动态影像”，空格处意为“活动的，移动的”，故填moving。 【44题详解】 考查定冠词。句意：随着各种娱乐形式的兴起，皮影戏的光芒逐渐黯淡。此处特指“各种娱乐形式的兴起”，应用定冠词the修饰rise。故填the。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：2011 年，中国皮影戏被列入联合国教科文组织的非物质文化遗产名录，从而为这一古老的艺术形式注入了新的活力。句中谓语是was added，空格处用非谓语动词，此处用现在分词作状语，表结果，故填breathing。 第四部分 写作 (共两节, 满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作 (满分25分) 46. 上周三你校高三年级学生进行了为期一天的“美丽的大自然”主题研学（learning trip）。假如你是李华，请你给校英语报就本次研学写一篇报道，内容包括： 1. 时间和地点；2. 研学的过程；3. 研学的反响。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Last Wednesday, all the students in Grade Three participated in a one-day learning trip with the theme “Beautiful Nature”. We set out for the East Mountain and arrived there at 8 am. When we climbed to the top, we were amazed to see the beautiful scenery of the whole city. After that we went to a nearby greenhouse to learn to plant some flowers and feed some animals. This activity offered us a good chance to have a better understanding of nature. Now we are more aware of the importance of protecting the environment. We can not only enjoy the beauty of nature but also develop our love for the nature. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇活动报道，要求考生根据上周三进行的“美丽的大自然”主题研学活动撰写一篇报道给校英语报。 【详解】1.词汇积累 出发：set out→ set off 感到惊讶的：amazed→ astonished 看见：see→ catch sight of 爱护：love→ cherish 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Last Wednesday, all the students in Grade Three participated in a one-day learning trip with the theme “Beautiful Nature”. 拓展句：Last Wednesday, all the students in Grade Three participated in a one-day learning trip whose theme is “Beautiful Nature”. 【点睛】【高分句型1】When we climbed to the top, we were amazed to see the beautiful scenery of the whole city. （运用了when引导时间状语从句） 【高分句型2】This activity offered us a good chance to have a better understanding of nature.（运用了动词不定式作后置定语） 第二节 读后续写 (满分15分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “Why she let out my secret? why she did that to me?” I vividly remembered that day when I was confused at the knowing looks which everyone gave me. That terrible experience was imprinted (铭刻) on my mind. I couldn’t forgive the person with whom I had shared my secret. She lost all my trust and friendship. Five years back, Sally was a new addition in our class. I don’t know what but there was something sticky (吸引人的) about her that attracted me towards her. She was the most friendly person I knew. We started as classmates but after a few months we were like best friends. We did homework together and dreamed of going to the same university one day. We hung out and went to the movies on weekends. That was a sweet time. Nevertheless, I couldn’t expect such an enormous betrayal (背叛) from her. I didn’t know what made me tell Sally about my personal life. I felt much regret to myself. She exaggerated (夸大) the matter, added her own spices to it and made it the hottest topic in school. It was like someone had stabbed (刺，捅) a knife in my back. After she revealed my secret, everyone at school started laughing at me and gazing at me wherever I passed. I was like a pond in which someone had thrown a stone and it had been spilled up. It was the most embarrassing time I had gone through. Soon afterwards, I left school and shifted to another one, because I thought no one had the right to laugh at me. Sally called me many times but I didn’t answer. My heart was broken because the person whom I trusted most cheated me. I made efforts to remove the scar from my heart. I started a new life, leaving all the bad memories behind, because they made me a person who often thought about the past experiences. Five years later, with the life going on, I made new friends and seldom thought about the past. But one day I met Anna in the market, my former classmate, who told me shocking news. Anna said that after I left school the gossip (流言蜚语) soon disappeared. Everyone in our class missed me. Because I left without saying goodbye, Sally was sad for a long time. And to my amazement, she told me that Sally was not the one who brought my secret to light. It was Mary who had a big mouth and always wanted to put her nose in other people’s matters. She happened to overhear my conversation with Sally. I was all at sea, feeling that the floor had slipped away beneath my feet. Anxious and regretful, I asked Anna for any contact with Sally. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I immediately called Sally in order to explain the misunderstanding. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 I immediately called Sally in order to explain the misunderstanding. After getting through, I sincerely apologized to her. She said softly: “Never mind. We are good friends.” I was in tears, guilty and joyful. At that moment, I wished it had not happened. I wished time could go back and I could correct my mistake. From that I got a lesson in life that we should learn to trust our loved ones, because a little mistake can lead us to ruin what we should value. Trust is the foundational principle that holds friendship. Trust is also the easiest thing in the world to lose. We need to be open and trust our friends. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索，讲述了作者和Sally本来是好朋友，但是作者告诉Sally的私密事情不止为何竟然在学校里公开了，所有人都知道了作者的秘密，作者无法忍受好友的背叛，抛下一切转学了。五年后作者意外得知不是Sally散播的消息，作者想法子联系到了Sally，并向她真诚道歉，而这件事也让作者知道要相信自己爱的人。 【详解】1. 续写线索： 由续写段落首句“我立即打电话给Sally，解释这个误会。”可知，本段可以描写作者向Sally真诚道歉，并且Sally原谅了作者，作者也从这件事中明白了要信任自己所爱的人。 2. 段落续写：给Sally打电话——真诚道歉——Sally表示原谅——作者感悟信任的重要性 3. 词汇激活： 行为类 ①向……道歉：apologize to/make an apology to ②相信：trust/believe in/have faith in ③维持：hold/maintain/keep 情绪类 ①内疚的：guilty/with guilt/apologetic ②高兴的：joyful/delighted/happy 【点睛】【高分句型1】After getting through, I sincerely apologized to her.(使用了动名词作宾语) 【高分句型2】From that I got a lesson in life that we should learn to trust our loved ones, because a little mistake can lead us to ruin what we should value.(使用了that引导定语从句、不定式作宾语和宾补、because引导原因状语从句、what引导宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $