专题01 阅读理解应用文（大题专练）（天津专用） 2026年高考英语终极冲刺讲练测

函学科网·上好课 www zxxk.com 上好每一堂课 专题01阅读理解应用文 >热点角度01细节信息定位题<《 破类题提能力 2025年6月天津卷37题 答案：C 2023年6月天津卷39题 答案：B >热点角度02数字/时间计算匹配题<《 >破类题·提能力 2024年3月天津卷37题 答案：A 2025年3月天津卷36题 答案：D >热点角度3规则判断/正误题<《 破类题提能力 2025年6月天津卷38题 答案：D 2023年3月天津卷19题 答案：D >热点角度04推理文章出处题<《 破类题提能力 2024年3月天津卷40题 答案：C 2025年3月天津卷（补充出处题） 答案：B 1/2 品学科网·上好课 www zxxk.com 上好每一堂课 ☑ PART 03 实战刷题•冲高分 刷模拟 A 1.A2.C3.B4.D5.B 6 6.D7.B8.D9.A10.C C 11.D12.B13.B14.A15.C D 16.A17.C18.B19.D20.A 刷真题 A 1.D2.B3.A 心 4.B5.A6.B C 7.C8.C9.B D 10.C11.B12.A 2/2 专题01 阅读理解应用文 命题·趋势·定位 结合真题文本及高考应用文阅读命题趋势，紧扣 “主流实用文本、生活场景导向、信息精准考查” 核心特征，从四大维度展开全面分析，贴合天津卷本地化命题规律。 一、选材特点 天津卷应用文阅读理解选材均源自主流英文网站、官方机构公告、生活实用手册、专业场馆宣传册等真实语料，无纯学术性晦涩文本，贴合 “社会实用、生活导向、信息明确” 的选材原则，同时兼顾少量前沿生活类话题，具体特征如下： 1. 文本类型：全覆盖高考高频实用应用文，包括校园指南、留学手册、场馆参观须知、活动招募海报、官方公告等，均为贴近学生生活与社会实用的文本类型，无偏题冷题。 2. 内容主题：聚焦 “校园生活 + 社会实用” 两大核心方向，涵盖校内兼职、留学选课、美术馆 / 植物园参观、写作比赛招募等场景，少量融入生态环保（如气候主题写作比赛）、文化艺术（如美术馆、书法比赛）等社会关注话题，贴合前沿生活导向。 3. 语言特征：语言简洁规范、信息直白，以陈述句和祈使句为主，无复杂长难句，词汇均为高中课标核心词，少量专有名词（如场馆、院校名称）均有明确语境，不影响理解。 4. 排版特征：原文排版清晰有条理，多采用小标题、项目符号、分点、表格等形式呈现信息（如票价表、比赛信息分栏），便于快速定位关键内容，符合实用应用文的真实排版特点。 5. 语料真实性：选材均为真实场景下的实用文本，如大学官网的兼职通知、场馆的官方参观指南、比赛的正式招募信息，注重考查学生真实语境下的信息提取与应用能力。 二、语篇结构 天津卷应用文阅读理解的语篇结构为 “总分式 + 分块式” 结合，无复杂叙事逻辑，核心围绕 “信息清晰呈现、读者快速获取” 展开，整体结构高度规整，具体特征如下： 1. 开篇总起：首段多为主题引入，直接点明文本核心用途 / 内容，无冗余铺垫，如 “All students may apply to work on campus”（校内兼职指南）、“Welcome to our university’s Botanic Garden — plan your visit”（植物园参观指南），让读者快速把握文本主旨。 2. 主体分块：主体部分按 “内容类别 / 功能板块” 分段落 / 分点展开，每个板块有明确的主题（多以小标题标注），独立呈现一类信息，板块间无交叉，如校内兼职指南分为 “入职材料、求职平台、岗位信息、工作时长” 四大板块，美术馆指南分为 “开放时间、票价、参观规则” 三大板块。 3. 信息并列：各板块内部的信息以并列式呈现，多采用项目符号（*）、分号（;）、表格等形式，如国际学生入职材料、Handshake 求职步骤、场馆禁止行为均为分点罗列，信息之间逻辑平等，便于逐一提取。 4. 结尾补充：文末多为补充信息，如官方联系方式（地址、邮箱、电话）、官网链接、更多信息获取渠道等，无主旨升华，仅为实用信息补充，符合应用文的功能属性。 核心结构总结：开篇点题（总）→ 主体分块呈现具体信息（分）→ 文末补充实用信息（补），全程以 “信息传递” 为核心，无情节发展与逻辑转折。 三、命题热点 天津卷应用文阅读理解的命题聚焦 “信息精准提取与匹配”，无深层推理、主旨概括等难题，所有题目答案均能在原文找到直接依据，四大核心命题热点分布均衡，覆盖所有考题，具体如下： 热点 1：细节信息定位题（最高频，约 40%） · 考查核心：对文本中具体信息、材料清单、资格要求的筛选与匹配，考查学生快速定位并提取精准信息的能力。 · 高频考查点：国际学生 / 特定人群的材料要求、课程注册 / 活动报名的条件、场馆参观的资格限定、岗位工作的基本要求等。 · 真题示例：2023 年 3 月卷考查国际学生校内兼职的必备材料、2025 年 6 月卷考查植物园参观的儿童陪同要求。 热点 2：数字 / 时间类匹配与计算题（约 30%） · 考查核心：对文本中数字、时间、数量的提取、简单计算与精准匹配，考查学生对数字信息的敏感度与简单运算能力。 · 高频考查点：时长计算（场馆停留时间、工作时长）、费用核算（票价、预约费、报名费）、数量限定（词数、年龄、工作时长上限）、时间节点（报名截止日期、课程变更期限）等。 · 真题示例：2024 年 3 月卷考查美术馆停留时长计算与票价核算、2025 年 3 月卷考查写作比赛的词数要求。 热点 3：规则判断 / 行为正误题（约 20%） · 考查核心：对文本中行为规则、使用规则、限定规则的理解与判断，考查学生对规则类信息的理解与应用能力。 · 高频考查点：场馆的禁止 / 允许行为、校园 / 岗位的工作规则、课程注册 / 退课的操作规则、活动报名的提交规则等。 · 真题示例：2024 年 3 月卷考查美术馆的禁止行为、2023 年 3 月卷考查国内学生的校内工作时长规则、2025 年 6 月卷考查植物园的允许行为。 热点 4：文章出处 / 文体推理题（必考，约 10%） · 考查核心：根据文本核心内容、目标受众、文体特征进行轻度推理，考查学生对不同应用文的场景匹配能力。 · 高频考查点：判断文章出自大学官网、旅游手册、活动海报、留学指南等，无深层推理，仅需结合文本特征匹配场景。 · 真题示例：2023 年 3 月卷考查校内兼职指南的出处、2024 年 3 月卷考查美术馆参观指南的出处。 命题共性 1. 答案均在原文：无主观推断题，所有正确选项均能在原文找到直接依据，错误选项多为 “无中生有、偷换概念、以偏概全”。 2. 定位性极强：每题均有明确的定位词（专属名词、数词、核心动词），可快速锁定原文对应板块，无需通读全文。 3. 避开超纲陷阱：少量专有名词（如场馆、院校名称）仅为定位词，不考查词义，不影响解题。 四、常见的设问形式 天津卷应用文阅读理解的设问形式高度固定，均为特殊疑问句，紧扣四大命题热点，问句简洁直白，无隐晦表述，且均为四选一单项选择，常见设问形式按考点分类整理如下： 类别 1：细节信息定位题（高频设问） 1. What documents/information are necessary for ______?（______所需的材料 / 信息是什么？） 2. What should ______ do if they want to ______?（______想要______需要做什么？） 3. Who can ?（谁能享受/ 符合______的条件？） 4. What is the requirement for ______?（______的要求是什么？） 5. Which of the following is included in ______?（______包含以下哪项内容？） 类别 2：数字 / 时间类匹配与计算题（高频设问） 1. How long can ______ ______?（______能持续 / 停留多久？） 2. How much should ______ pay for ______?（______需要为______支付多少钱？） 3. How many ______ are required for ______?（需要多少（词数 / 数量）？） 4. What is the maximum/minimum ______ for ______?（的最大 / 最小（时长 / 数量）是多少？） 5. What is the deadline for ______?（______的截止日期是什么？） 类别 3：规则判断 / 行为正误题（高频设问） 1. Which of the following is forbidden/not permitted in ______?（______中以下哪项是被禁止的？） 2. Which of the following is allowed/permitted for ______?（______中以下哪项是被允许的？） 3. Which working/visiting arrangement is allowed for ______?（______的工作 / 参观安排中哪项是被允许的？） 4. What can’t we do in ______?（在______中我们不能做什么？） 5. What must ______ do according to the rules?（根据规则，______必须做什么？） 类别 4：文章出处 / 文体推理题（必考设问） 1. Where is the passage probably taken from?（这篇文章可能出自哪里？） 2. What kind of text is the passage?（这篇文章属于哪种文体？） 3. Who is the passage mainly written for?（这篇文章主要写给谁看？） 热点·角度·拆解 2023-2025高考考点细目（阅读理解说明文） 卷别 词数 主题 话题 命题形式 2025 年 6 月 286 词 人与社会 校园生活・大学植物园参观指南，含购票规则、参观准则、导览服务等信息 5 道四选一：细节理解题，考查信息定位、细节匹配、规则理解 2025 年 3 月 268 词 人与社会 文化创作・2025 年四大写作比赛招募信息，含参赛要求、奖项、费用及截止日期 4 道四选一：细节理解题，考查数字匹配、特征对比、共性归纳 2024 年 6 月 未公布 2024 年 3 月 245 词 人与社会 旅游出行・意大利罗马博尔盖塞美术馆参观指南，含开放时间、票价、预约规则及馆内禁令 5 道四选一：细节理解题，考查时间计算、费用核算、身份匹配、规则判断 2023 年 6 月 232 词 人与社会 留学交流・UCLA 交换生项目学习指南，含 ESL 课程注册、课表变更、退课规则及考试备考建议 5 道四选一：细节理解题，考查条件匹配、目的判断、时间限定、动作要求 2023 年 3 月 290 词 人与社会 校园生活・大学生校内兼职招聘指南，含应聘材料、求职平台使用、岗位信息及工作时长限制 5 道四选一：细节理解题，考查信息筛选、步骤匹配、时间定位、规则判断 热点角度01 细节信息定位题 析典例·建模型 2023 年 3 月天津卷 16 题 STUDENT EMPLOYMENT ON CAMPUS All students may apply to work on campus. Getting started Before starting any position, all students need to complete required tax forms and show identification. International students also need: *Social Security card *Bank account *Valid passport *Official work permit *Letter of support from the office of International Student Life Looking for a job on Handshake Handshake is an online job search platform for college students.With a Handshake account, students can receive information about career events and personalized job recommendations. To use Handshake, just follow these steps: *Log in to Handshake using your email address already provided by the college. *Complete personalization of your profile. *Start your job search by clicking “Jobs” button. *Fill out desired information: location, job type, etc. *Apply directly by clicking “Apply Now” button. You can also make appointments to meet with a career coach, access career resources, and explore careers that interest you. On-campus jobs available for students *Academic department assistant (Flexible working hours on Monday/Thursday) *Dining services (Lunchtime on weekdays) *Library assistant (Flexible working hours on Monday/Wednesday/Friday) *Bookstore/mailroom (9:00-12:00 at weekends) *Athletic department (18:00-22:00 on weekdays) Maximum working hours *During the semester (学期), domestic students can work a maximum of 10 hours a week; international students can work a maximum of 20 hours a week. *During the summer break, a student may not work more than 30 hours a week. *The total number of hours may not exceed (超过) the maximum hours allowed even if a student has more than one job. For more information, find us at Career Development Office, 211 Hughes Hall; careerdevelopment@dreamcollege.edu, 555-520-1314. What documents are necessary for an international student to seek employment? A. Passport and Insurance Certificate B. Work permit and Academic report C. Bank account and Letter of support D. Health Certificate and Social Security card 解题思路建模： 1. 划题干定位词：锁定核心关键词international student、documents，精准定位原文 “Getting started” 板块下国际学生所需材料部分； 2. 核对原文信息：原文明确列出国际学生需准备：Social Security card、Bank account、Valid passport、Official work permit、Letter of support； 3. 逐一匹配选项：排除含原文未提及词汇的选项（Insurance Certificate/Academic report/Health Certificate 均未出现），C 选项两个词汇均在原文清单中； 4. 确定答案：C模型总结：细节信息定位题 = 划题干专属定位词→精准锁定原文对应段落→逐词匹配选项（排除无中生有词汇）→确定答案 研考点·通技法 该题型考查对具体信息的筛选与匹配，天津卷常考 “人物 / 身份的对应要求、材料 / 条件清单”，核心技法为 “定位词 + 精准匹配”，避免主观推断： 1. 精准划定位词：优先选专属名词、数词、特殊概念词（如 international student、ESL Placement Test、disabled citizens），这类词在原文辨识度高，不易被替换； 2. 快速定位原文：应用文排版清晰（多有小标题、项目符号、分点），根据定位词直接锁定对应板块 / 段落 / 清单，无需通读全文； 3. 选项匹配原则： 1. ✅ 正确选项：所有词汇均能在原文找到对应依据，无新增信息； 2. ❌ 错误选项：含无中生有（原文未提及的词汇）、偷换概念（原文词汇的近义错误替换）、以偏概全（只提部分信息，遗漏关键要求）的词汇。 4. 小技巧：应用文多有项目符号（*）、分号（;）、破折号（—） 标注信息，定位后重点关注这类符号后的内容。 破类题·提能力 2025 年 6 月天津卷 37 题 Welcome to our university’s Botanic Garden — plan your visit, and find out about what we do! You can either pay at the Ticket Office on arrival, or book your tickets online. Please note: Tickets cannot be used on any date other than the one they were booked for and are non-refundable (不可退款的). Guidelines for Visitors The Garden is an active research facility and a living museum with a collection of over 8,000 plants. Please bear in mind some simple rules for your visit: Only trained working dogs are permitted to enter the Garden. Children must stay with a grown-up at all times. Stick strictly to the paths and lawns (草坪). Do not climb the trees. Please do not pick any part of a growing plant. Cycling and ball games are not permitted in the Garden. Guided Tours in the Garden With over 8,000 plant species and a wonderful range of gardens and plantings to enjoy, there is something for everyone at the Garden, and many different aspects to appeal to a wide variety of interest groups. ♦ Free Drop-in Weekend Tours Enjoy a free-of-charge Garden tour with one of our expert guides, taking in the seasonal highlights of the Garden. Our weekend tours are available every Sunday at 11:30 a.m. and 2 p.m. throughout the year. During the months of January and February these tours focus on the Winter Garden, Snowdrops and general winter interest. The free tours last one hour and start from the Fountain, near the Main Lawn. ♦ Group Tours Our experienced volunteer guides will help you enjoy the highlights and provide some of the background history and development of this amazing garden. These 90-minute, pre-bookable tours are ideal for adult groups wishing to make the most of their visit to our 40-acre site. Please visit the Group Guided Tours page for more details. A kid is allowed to visit the Garden when they are ________. A. well trained B. with a bicycle C. accompanied by an adult D. guided by their working dog 2023 年 6 月天津卷 39 题 Welcome to UCLA Exchange Program! Let’s get started by checking out Student Guide for your academic journey! Signing up for ESL (English as a Second Language) ESL courses are designed to help international students improve academic English language skills. Enrollment (课程注册) priority is given to degree students. If space is available, you may enroll. You will then be asked to take an ESL Placement Test. The test results will help you choose the class that is appropriate for you. Changing Your Course Enrollment List You may change your class schedule during the first two weeks of the term by adding or dropping courses from your enrollment list. After the second week of classes, there will be a charge for each schedule change. Students often attend classes in which they are not enrolled on the first day of instruction to try adding this new course to the list, as other students may have dropped it. Withdrawing from Courses If you choose to drop a course, you must follow the UCLA procedures for removing it from your schedule. If you forget to officially drop that course, a “F” (Fail) grade will be registered on your record at the end of the term. If, at a later date, you wish to apply for a job or graduate school where an official copy of your UCLA record is required, it will be to your advantage to provide an impressive academic record. Taking Exams Some instructors choose to put previous test papers on library reserve, making them available to all students. These exams, which students commonly use for practice, can give you an idea of how instructors ask questions and what they regard as relevant material. You can also access the exams online. What should exchange students do if they choose to stop taking a course? A. Seek assistance from UCLA officials B. Go through the procedures to drop it C. Present past academic records to UCLA D. Make a request to the Registration Office 热点角度02 数字 / 时间计算匹配题 析典例·建模型 2024 年 3 月天津卷 36 题 Galleria Borghese is one of the most famous art galleries in the world. Located in Rome, Italy, the Gallery houses are a considerable part of the Borghese collection of paintings, sculpture and antiquities. Opening Hours ♦ The Gallery is open from Tuesday to Sunday. From 9 a.m. to 7 p.m. ♦ Last entrance at 5:45 p.m. ♦ The ticket office is open from 8:30 a.m. until 1 hour before the Gallery closes. Ticket & Reservation Fee Tickets Full Price €13 Discounted (18-25 years of age) €2 Free of Charge ➤ Visitors under 18 years of age. ➤ Students and professors of architecture, education, art or art history in the European Union (EU) member states. Reservation €2（required for all three kinds of tickets） ※ The following categories are exempt (免除) from the €2 reservation fee: ·Disabled citizens and one of their family members or a companion who belongs to a social assistance service. ·Licensed EU tourist guides in the exercise of their professional activity. ·Journalists with valid membership card from the Gallery. ·Children up to 5 years of age. Rules The following is not permitted in the Gallery: ♦ Taking photographs or videos. ♦ Bringing alcoholic drinks ♦ Bags, backpacks or parcels larger than 40×40cm. You can store them in the individual lockers or in the cloakroom. ♦ Umbrellas or sharp items. These items must be stored in the cloakroom. How long are you allowed to stay in the Gallery if you enter at 5:30 p.m.? A. 30 minutes B. 60 minutes C. 75 minutes D. 90 minutes 解题思路建模： 1. 划题干数字定位词：5:30 p.m.（进入时间），定位原文 “Opening Hours” 板块； 2. 提取原文时间规则：① Gallery open until 7 p.m. ② Last entrance at 5:45 p.m.； 3. 简单计算时长：进入时间 5:30 p.m. → 闭馆时间 7:00 p.m.，时长为90 分钟； 4. 验证规则合理性：5:30 p.m. 早于最后入场时间 5:45 p.m.，符合入场要求，计算有效； 5. 确定答案：D 模型总结：数字 / 时间计算匹配题 =划题干数字 / 时间定位词→提取原文相关数字 / 时间规则→简单计算（加减）/ 直接匹配→验证规则合理性→确定答案 研考点·通技法 该题型考查数字 / 时间的提取、简单计算与匹配，天津卷常考 “时长计算、费用核算、年龄 / 词数限定、时间节点匹配”，核心技法为 “定位数字 + 紧扣规则 + 精准计算”，避免粗心失误： 1. 时长 / 时间类计算 · 核心公式：结束时间 - 开始时间 = 时长； · 关键注意：原文是否有 “最后入场时间、截止时间、营业时间” 等限定规则，需先验证行为是否符合规则，再计算（如入场时间需早于最后入场时间）。 2. 费用类核算 · 步骤：先定位身份 / 条件（如 EU 艺术学生、残疾人）→ 提取对应票价 / 预约费 / 减免规则→ 核算总费用（无减免则相加，有减免则扣除）； · 注意：原文是否有 “所有票种均需支付、特定人群免除” 等总规则，避免遗漏基础费用（如 2024 年 3 月卷所有票种均需 2 欧元预约费）。 3. 数字限定类匹配 · 无需计算，直接定位数字要求（如词数、年龄、工作时长）→ 匹配选项数字（如≥50000 词、≤300 词、每周最多 10 小时）； · 注意：比较级 / 限定词（at least/up to/maximum/no more than），避免混淆 “至少” 和 “最多”。 4. 通用技巧 · 应用文数字多为阿拉伯数字，原文中极易定位，直接圈画； · 计算仅为简单加减，无复杂运算，可在草稿纸简单标注，避免心算失误。 破类题·提能力 2024 年 3 月天津卷 37 题 Galleria Borghese is one of the most famous art galleries in the world. Located in Rome, Italy, the Gallery houses are a considerable part of the Borghese collection of paintings, sculpture and antiquities. Opening Hours ♦ The Gallery is open from Tuesday to Sunday. From 9 a.m. to 7 p.m. ♦ Last entrance at 5:45 p.m. ♦ The ticket office is open from 8:30 a.m. until 1 hour before the Gallery closes. Ticket & Reservation Fee Tickets Full Price €13 Discounted (18-25 years of age) €2 Free of Charge ➤ Visitors under 18 years of age. ➤ Students and professors of architecture, education, art or art history in the European Union (EU) member states. Reservation €2（required for all three kinds of tickets） ※ The following categories are exempt (免除) from the €2 reservation fee: ·Disabled citizens and one of their family members or a companion who belongs to a social assistance service. ·Licensed EU tourist guides in the exercise of their professional activity. ·Journalists with valid membership card from the Gallery. ·Children up to 5 years of age. Rules The following is not permitted in the Gallery: ♦ Taking photographs or videos. ♦ Bringing alcoholic drinks ♦ Bags, backpacks or parcels larger than 40×40cm. You can store them in the individual lockers or in the cloakroom. ♦ Umbrellas or sharp items. These items must be stored in the cloakroom. How much should an art student from an EU university pay to visit the Gallery? A. €2 B. €4 C. €13 D. €15 2025 年 3 月天津卷 36 题 Writing Competitions 2025 The Caledonia Novel Award The award is for the best novel manuscript (原稿). All entries must be original manuscripts at least 50,000 words long by unpublished writers. The first prize is £1,500. There is a special prize of a free place on a creative writing course at Moniack Mhor Centre, the sponsor of the competition. The entry fee is £28. A number of sponsored places are available for writers on low incomes. The closing date is 15 October. Website: https://thecnaward.com/submit The Deborah Rogers Foundation Writers Award The DRF Writers Award invites submissions of 15,000-20,000 words of a work in progress, which may be fiction or non-fiction. Writers must not previously have published any work. The winner will receive £10,000 and two shortlisted writers will receive £1,000. The closing date is 31 May. Website: https://www.drf.org/enter Imagine 2100 Climate Fiction Competition Writers are invited to “envision (展望) a future where humanity overcomes the climate crisis and builds a more sustainable world.” Your story can be set sometime between the near future and the year 2100. Stories should be unpublished, between 2,500–5,000 words. Entry is free, with the first prize of £3,000. The winning stories will be published on the competition’s website. The deadline is 24 June. Website: https://climatefiction.org/submit New Writers Flash Fiction Competition New Writers is inviting entries of short fiction on any theme up to 300 words. The first prize is £1,100. The winning entries will be published on the New Writers website. All entries must be original and unpublished. There is an entry fee of £10. £1 from each entry will be donated to First Story, the creative writing charity for young people. A limited number of free entries are available for low-income writers. The closing date is 31 March. Website: https://newwriters.net/compete How many words are required for the entries to the competition sponsored by Moniack Mhor Centre? A. Up to 300 B. 2,500 to 5,000 C. 15,000 to 20,000 D. At least 50,000 热点角度03 规则判断 / 正误题 析典例·建模型 2024 年 3 月天津卷 39 题 Galleria Borghese is one of the most famous art galleries in the world. Located in Rome, Italy, the Gallery houses are a considerable part of the Borghese collection of paintings, sculpture and antiquities. Opening Hours ♦ The Gallery is open from Tuesday to Sunday. From 9 a.m. to 7 p.m. ♦ Last entrance at 5:45 p.m. ♦ The ticket office is open from 8:30 a.m. until 1 hour before the Gallery closes. Ticket & Reservation Fee Tickets Full Price €13 Discounted (18-25 years of age) €2 Free of Charge ➤ Visitors under 18 years of age. ➤ Students and professors of architecture, education, art or art history in the European Union (EU) member states. Reservation €2（required for all three kinds of tickets） ※ The following categories are exempt (免除) from the €2 reservation fee: ·Disabled citizens and one of their family members or a companion who belongs to a social assistance service. ·Licensed EU tourist guides in the exercise of their professional activity. ·Journalists with valid membership card from the Gallery. ·Children up to 5 years of age. Rules The following is not permitted in the Gallery: ♦ Taking photographs or videos. ♦ Bringing alcoholic drinks ♦ Bags, backpacks or parcels larger than 40×40cm. You can store them in the individual lockers or in the cloakroom. ♦ Umbrellas or sharp items. These items must be stored in the cloakroom. Which of the following is forbidden in the Gallery? A. Bringing a wallet B. Drinking red wine C. Wearing an overcoat D. Taking a mobile phone 解题思路建模： 1. 划题干核心词：forbidden（禁止），定位原文 “Rules” 板块（明确标注 not permitted 的内容）； 2. 提取原文禁止规则：① Taking photographs or videos ② Bringing alcoholic drinks ③ Large bags/backpacks ④ Umbrellas or sharp items； 3. 逐一匹配选项： A. 钱包：原文未提及，无禁止； B. 红酒：属于 alcoholic drinks，符合禁止规则； C. 大衣：原文未提及，无禁止； D. 手机：原文仅禁止用手机拍照 / 录像，未禁止携带； 4. 确定答案：B模型总结：规则判断 / 正误题 =划题干核心词（forbidden/allowed/permitted）→定位原文 “规则 / 要求” 板块→逐一匹配选项与原文规则→排除未提及 / 偷换概念选项→确定答案 研考点·通技法 该题型考查对行为规则、使用规则、资格规则的判断，天津卷常考 “场馆禁止行为、校园 / 活动允许行为、资格符合规则”，核心技法为 “锁定规则板块 + 逐选项匹配 + 区分‘禁止 / 允许 / 未提及’”： 1. 快速定位规则板块：应用文多有明确的小标题标注规则（如 Rules、Guidelines for Visitors、Maximum working hours），直接锁定该板块，无需通读； 2. 明确题干判断方向：题干核心词分为两类，需精准区分： 1. 禁止类：forbidden/not permitted/not allowed/prohibited； 2. 允许类：allowed/permitted/can do/qualified for； 3. 选项匹配三大原则： 3. ✅ 正确选项：完全符合原文禁止 / 允许规则，词汇同义匹配（如 red wine=alcoholic drinks、accompanied by an adult=stay with a grown-up）； 3. ❌ 错误选项 1：偷换概念（如原文禁止 “用手机拍照”，选项说 “禁止携带手机”）； 3. ❌ 错误选项 2：未提及（原文无相关行为的任何规则，既不禁止也不允许）； 4. 小技巧：原文规则中多有否定词（not/never/no）、限定词（only/strictly），圈画这些词，避免忽略关键限定。 破类题·提能力 2025 年 6 月天津卷 38 题 Welcome to our university’s Botanic Garden — plan your visit, and find out about what we do! You can either pay at the Ticket Office on arrival, or book your tickets online. Please note: Tickets cannot be used on any date other than the one they were booked for and are non-refundable (不可退款的). Guidelines for Visitors The Garden is an active research facility and a living museum with a collection of over 8,000 plants. Please bear in mind some simple rules for your visit: Only trained working dogs are permitted to enter the Garden. Children must stay with a grown-up at all times. Stick strictly to the paths and lawns (草坪). Do not climb the trees. Please do not pick any part of a growing plant. Cycling and ball games are not permitted in the Garden. Guided Tours in the Garden With over 8,000 plant species and a wonderful range of gardens and plantings to enjoy, there is something for everyone at the Garden, and many different aspects to appeal to a wide variety of interest groups. ♦ Free Drop-in Weekend Tours Enjoy a free-of-charge Garden tour with one of our expert guides, taking in the seasonal highlights of the Garden. Our weekend tours are available every Sunday at 11:30 a.m. and 2 p.m. throughout the year. During the months of January and February these tours focus on the Winter Garden, Snowdrops and general winter interest. The free tours last one hour and start from the Fountain, near the Main Lawn. ♦ Group Tours Our experienced volunteer guides will help you enjoy the highlights and provide some of the background history and development of this amazing garden. These 90-minute, pre-bookable tours are ideal for adult groups wishing to make the most of their visit to our 40-acre site. Please visit the Group Guided Tours page for more details. What behaviour is acceptable in the Garden? A. Picking a flower B. Climbing a tree C. Playing a ball game D. Walking on the lawns 2023 年 3 月天津卷 19 题 STUDENT EMPLOYMENT ON CAMPUS All students may apply to work on campus. Getting started Before starting any position, all students need to complete required tax forms and show identification. International students also need: *Social Security card *Bank account *Valid passport *Official work permit *Letter of support from the office of International Student Life Looking for a job on Handshake Handshake is an online job search platform for college students.With a Handshake account, students can receive information about career events and personalized job recommendations. To use Handshake, just follow these steps: *Log in to Handshake using your email address already provided by the college. *Complete personalization of your profile. *Start your job search by clicking “Jobs” button. *Fill out desired information: location, job type, etc. *Apply directly by clicking “Apply Now” button. You can also make appointments to meet with a career coach, access career resources, and explore careers that interest you. On-campus jobs available for students *Academic department assistant (Flexible working hours on Monday/Thursday) *Dining services (Lunchtime on weekdays) *Library assistant (Flexible working hours on Monday/Wednesday/Friday) *Bookstore/mailroom (9:00-12:00 at weekends) *Athletic department (18:00-22:00 on weekdays) Maximum working hours *During the semester (学期), domestic students can work a maximum of 10 hours a week; international students can work a maximum of 20 hours a week. *During the summer break, a student may not work more than 30 hours a week. *The total number of hours may not exceed (超过) the maximum hours allowed even if a student has more than one job. For more information, find us at Career Development Office, 211 Hughes Hall; careerdevelopment@dreamcollege.edu, 555-520-1314. Which working arrangement is allowed for a domestic student? A. 40 hours/week in summer B. 20 hours/week in semester C. 2 jobs, 16 hours each/week D. 3 jobs, 2 hours each/week 热点角度04 推理文章出处题 析典例·建模型 2023 年 3 月天津卷 20 题 STUDENT EMPLOYMENT ON CAMPUS All students may apply to work on campus. Getting started Before starting any position, all students need to complete required tax forms and show identification. International students also need: *Social Security card *Bank account *Valid passport *Official work permit *Letter of support from the office of International Student Life Looking for a job on Handshake Handshake is an online job search platform for college students.With a Handshake account, students can receive information about career events and personalized job recommendations. To use Handshake, just follow these steps: *Log in to Handshake using your email address already provided by the college. *Complete personalization of your profile. *Start your job search by clicking “Jobs” button. *Fill out desired information: location, job type, etc. *Apply directly by clicking “Apply Now” button. You can also make appointments to meet with a career coach, access career resources, and explore careers that interest you. On-campus jobs available for students *Academic department assistant (Flexible working hours on Monday/Thursday) *Dining services (Lunchtime on weekdays) *Library assistant (Flexible working hours on Monday/Wednesday/Friday) *Bookstore/mailroom (9:00-12:00 at weekends) *Athletic department (18:00-22:00 on weekdays) Maximum working hours *During the semester (学期), domestic students can work a maximum of 10 hours a week; international students can work a maximum of 20 hours a week. *During the summer break, a student may not work more than 30 hours a week. *The total number of hours may not exceed (超过) the maximum hours allowed even if a student has more than one job. For more information, find us at Career Development Office, 211 Hughes Hall; careerdevelopment@dreamcollege.edu, 555-520-1314. Where is the passage probably taken from? A. A university website B. A course guide C. A summer camp notice D. A business magazine 解题思路建模： 1. 提取原文核心信息与文体特征： 核心内容：大学生校内兼职的申请材料、求职平台、岗位信息、工作时长； 文体特征：实用指南，面向大学生，文末有大学职业发展办公室的地址、邮箱、电话； 2. 分析各选项匹配度： A. 大学官网：贴合 “面向大学生、大学官方信息、实用指南” 特征，高度匹配； B. 课程指南：核心内容是 “兼职”，非 “课程”，无关； C. 夏令营通知：无夏令营相关信息，无关； D. 商业杂志：内容是大学内部兼职，非商业话题，无关； 3. 确定答案：A模型总结：推理文章出处题 =提取原文核心内容 + 分析文体 / 受众特征 + 结合选项场景属性逐一匹配 + 排除无关选项→确定答案 研考点·通技法 该题型为轻度推理题，无需深层推断，仅需根据原文核心内容、受众、文体特征、标志性信息匹配常见场景，天津卷常考的出处场景为 “大学官网、旅游手册、活动招募海报、留学指南”，核心技法为 “抓核心特征 + 匹配场景属性”： 1. 提取原文三大核心特征（快速判断）： 1. 核心内容：文章主要讲什么（兼职 / 留学 / 场馆参观 / 写作比赛 / 植物园游览）； 2. 目标受众：写给谁看（大学生 / 交换生 / 游客 / 作家 / 参观者）； 3. 标志性信息：是否有官网地址、邮箱、电话、票价、开放时间、报名截止日期等专属信息； 天津卷应用文阅读理解高频出处场景与特征匹配表 出处场景 核心特征匹配点 大学官网 内容为校园相关（兼职 / 选课 / 植物园 / 校园通知）、受众为大学生、含大学部门 / 地址 / 邮箱 / 官网链接 旅游手册 / 宣传册 内容为场馆 / 景点 / 美术馆参观、含开放时间 / 票价 / 参观规则 / 导览服务、受众为游客 活动招募指南 / 海报 内容为比赛 / 赛事 / 志愿报名、含报名要求 / 奖项 / 费用 / 截止日期、有官网提交 / 报名链接 留学指南 内容为留学交换 / 课程注册 / 海外学习、受众为交换生 / 国际学生、含海外院校名称 / 选课 / 退课规则 官方通知 / 公告 内容为校园 / 机构各类规定 / 安排（如工作时长、报名须知）、有明确的执行规则 / 限定条件、落款为官方部门 生活服务指南 内容为日常办事 / 实用流程（如求职平台使用、场馆购票）、含步骤说明 / 操作指引、受众为普通办事者 赛事 / 比赛须知 内容为比赛参赛细则、含作品要求 / 词数限制 / 评审标准 / 奖金设置、受众为参赛选手 / 创作者 场馆参观须知 内容为各类场馆（植物园 / 美术馆 / 图书馆）游览、含购票规则 / 参观准则 / 禁止行为 / 特色服务、受众为参观者 破类题·提能力 2024 年 3 月天津卷 40 题 Galleria Borghese is one of the most famous art galleries in the world. Located in Rome, Italy, the Gallery houses are a considerable part of the Borghese collection of paintings, sculpture and antiquities. Opening Hours ♦ The Gallery is open from Tuesday to Sunday. From 9 a.m. to 7 p.m. ♦ Last entrance at 5:45 p.m. ♦ The ticket office is open from 8:30 a.m. until 1 hour before the Gallery closes. Ticket & Reservation Fee Tickets Full Price €13 Discounted (18-25 years of age) €2 Free of Charge ➤ Visitors under 18 years of age. ➤ Students and professors of architecture, education, art or art history in the European Union (EU) member states. Reservation €2（required for all three kinds of tickets） ※ The following categories are exempt (免除) from the €2 reservation fee: ·Disabled citizens and one of their family members or a companion who belongs to a social assistance service. ·Licensed EU tourist guides in the exercise of their professional activity. ·Journalists with valid membership card from the Gallery. ·Children up to 5 years of age. Rules The following is not permitted in the Gallery: ♦ Taking photographs or videos. ♦ Bringing alcoholic drinks ♦ Bags, backpacks or parcels larger than 40×40cm. You can store them in the individual lockers or in the cloakroom. ♦ Umbrellas or sharp items. These items must be stored in the cloakroom. Where is the text most probably taken from? A. A TV commercial B. A traveller’s diary C. A tourist brochure D. A history magazine 2025 年 3 月天津卷（补充出处题） Writing Competitions 2025 The Caledonia Novel Award The award is for the best novel manuscript (原稿). All entries must be original manuscripts at least 50,000 words long by unpublished writers. The first prize is £1,500. There is a special prize of a free place on a creative writing course at Moniack Mhor Centre, the sponsor of the competition. The entry fee is £28. A number of sponsored places are available for writers on low incomes. The closing date is 15 October. Website: https://thecnaward.com/submit The Deborah Rogers Foundation Writers Award The DRF Writers Award invites submissions of 15,000-20,000 words of a work in progress, which may be fiction or non-fiction. Writers must not previously have published any work. The winner will receive £10,000 and two shortlisted writers will receive £1,000. The closing date is 31 May. Website: https://www.drf.org/enter Imagine 2100 Climate Fiction Competition Writers are invited to “envision (展望) a future where humanity overcomes the climate crisis and builds a more sustainable world.” Your story can be set sometime between the near future and the year 2100. Stories should be unpublished, between 2,500–5,000 words. Entry is free, with the first prize of £3,000. The winning stories will be published on the competition’s website. The deadline is 24 June. Website: https://climatefiction.org/submit New Writers Flash Fiction Competition New Writers is inviting entries of short fiction on any theme up to 300 words. The first prize is £1,100. The winning entries will be published on the New Writers website. All entries must be original and unpublished. There is an entry fee of £10. £1 from each entry will be donated to First Story, the creative writing charity for young people. A limited number of free entries are available for low-income writers. The closing date is 31 March. Website: https://newwriters.net/compete Where is the text most probably taken from? A. A news report B. A writing competition poster C. A literary textbook D. A daily newspaper 天津卷应用文阅读理解通用解题步骤 1. 先看题干，划定位词：不先通读全文，直接看题干，划出定位词（专属名词、数词、核心动词 / 名词），明确考查角度； 2. 根据定位词，跳读原文：应用文排版清晰，根据定位词直接跳读原文对应板块 / 段落，无需逐句读，圈画关键信息（数字、规则、清单）； 3. 逐选项匹配，排除错误项：将选项与原文圈画信息逐一匹配，排除无中生有、偷换概念、以偏概全的错误选项； 4. 轻度推理题，抓核心特征：仅出处题需要推理，提取原文 “内容 + 受众 + 标志性信息”，匹配选项场景； 5. 检查核对，避免粗心：重点检查数字 / 时间计算、规则限定词（at least/maximum），避免因粗心导致的失误。 通用避坑指南 1. 不主观推断：所有答案均来自原文，不自行脑补信息（如原文未提及的规则，既不选允许也不选禁止）； 2. 不忽略限定词：重点关注at least/up to/maximum/only/strictly等限定词，避免混淆 “至少” 和 “最多”、“仅允许” 和 “普遍允许”； 3. 不偷换概念：注意选项对原文词汇的替换，如 “拍照”≠“携带手机”、“长大人陪同”≠“工作犬引导”； 4. 不遗漏总规则：应用文多有 “总规则 + 分规则”，如 “所有票种均需预约费” 是总规则，需先考虑总规则再核算分规则。 （建议用时：60分钟） 刷模拟 A （2026·天津河东·一模） Bike Rental & Guided Tours Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam. Why MacBike MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike suitable for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake, bikes with hand brake and gears, bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes. Prices Hand Brake, Three Gears Foot Brake, No Gears 1 hour €7.50 €5.00 3 hours €11.00 €7.50 1 day (24 hours) €14.75 €9.75 Each additional day     €8.00 €6.00 Guided City Tours The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 p.m. every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online. 1．What is an advantage of MacBike? A．It offers many types of bikes. B．It gives children a discount. C．It organizes free cycle tours. D．It has over 2, 500 rental shops. 2．How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days? A．€15.75. B．€19.50. C．€22.75. D．€29.50. 3．Where does the guided city tour start? A．The Gooyer Windmill. B．Dam Square. C．Heineken Brewery. D．The Skinny Bridge. 4．We can infer from the passage that _________. A．MacBike only provides services within Amsterdam B．the guided city tour is available at 10:00 a.m. every day C．you can only book guided tour tickets in MacBike D．cycling is a great way to experience Amsterdam’s scenery 5．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To introduce a method to save money in Amsterdam. B．To recommend MacBike’s bicycle rental and tour services. C．To explain the development history of MacBike. D．To compare different bicycle rental companies in Amsterdam. B （25-26高三上·天津滨海新·月考） The Department of Cultural Affairs and Special Events (DCASE) is dedicated to increasing Chicago’s artistic and cultural vitality (活力), which includes marketing the city’s culture to a worldwide audience and presenting high-quality, free and affordable cultural programs to local citizens and visitors. The following are just a few of Chicago’s 2022 (autumn-winter) festivals and activities. Annual Chicago Jazz Festival August 30-September 2, 2022 Millennium Park and Chicago Cultural Center www.chicagojazzfestival.us As a favorite Labor Day weekend tradition, the world-class Chicago Jazz Festival showcases four stages of live performances by Chicago’s vast jazz talent alongside national and international jazz legends and artists. The festival is produced by the Chicago DCASE and programmed by the Jazz Institute of Chicago. Annual World Music Festival in Chicago September 7-23, 2022 Millennium Park, Chicago Cultural Center and other city-wide locations www.worldmusicfestivalinchicago.org Enjoy global music by award-winning artists from around the world at the city-wide World Music Festival in Chicago featuring 50 artists and groups of musicians representing over 20 countries and regions of the world. Creative Youth Festival September 22, 2022 Millennium Park www.cityofchicago.org/yocy As part of the “Year of Creative Youth”, Chicago’s first Creative Youth Festival showcases youth artists in dance, theater, music, the visual arts and more. Through performances and activities, all ages discover and celebrate the creativity and talent of rising local artists — and those helping to inspire and unlock every child’s creative potential. McCormick Tribune Ice Rink Mid-November 2022-Mid-March 2023 Millennium Park www.millenniumpark.org Have fun at the McCormick Tribune Ice Rink, a Chicago winter tradition for over a decade that draws over 100,000 skaters annually. Skating is free and open to the public, with skate rentals available for $12 (per person) Monday-Thursday and $14 Friday-Sunday and holidays. Free skating lessons are offered throughout the season. Financial support for these lessons is provided by the McDonald’s Active Lifestyles Endowment, managed by the Millennium Park Foundation. 6．The purpose of the above festivals and activities is to ________. A．make Chicago better-known to the world B．attract more and more tourists to Chicago C．raise money for the construction of Chicago D．create a livelier artistic and cultural atmosphere in Chicago 7．During the Labor Day weekend, you can go to ________. A．Creative Youth Festival B．Annual Chicago Jazz Festival C．McCormick Tribune Ice Rink D．Annual World Music Festival in Chicago 8．The second longest event is ________. A．Creative Youth Festival B．Annual Chicago Jazz Festival C．McCormick Tribune Ice Rink D．Annual World Music Festival in Chicago 9．Creative Youth Festival ________. A．is quite a new event in Chicago B．features many world-famous artists C．only attracts young people D．mainly inspires creativity through handicraft 10．For two skate rentals and one skating lesson on Christmas Day the McCormick Tribune Ice Rink will charge ________. A．$24 B．$26 C．$28 D．$52 C （25-26高三上·天津河西·月考） BSJS Global Explorer offers 3-to-8-week summer overseas programmes to high school students, giving them a chance to explore destinations around the world. These adventures promise a broader worldview, new friendships, valuable skills, and even the possibility of earning college credits. Australian Wildlife Conservation Creative Writing in Literary London Step into the shoes of a conservationist in Australia! Observe unique wildlife in diverse ecosystems around Sydney with local guides, learn about human impacts on nature, and conduct fieldwork to evaluate sustainability strategies in urban coastal areas. Experience Australian culture and heritage by engaging in unique activities, such as petting kangaroos and watching sunsets over the Opera House. Write your own stories and poems while following in the footsteps of extraordinary British authors and characters! Attend workshops to develop your writing, study the classics, and explore how these works are recreated in modern media. Visit the sites that make London a centre of creativity and realize your literary ideas, adding contributions to London’s literature. Chinese Language & Culture German Engineering & Innovation Enhance your Chinese through daily language classes and expand your horizons by experiencing the urban life in Shanghai, one of China’s most lively cities. You can discover Shanghai’s integration of modern and traditional architecture, taste diverse foods, and try traditional dance. By living with a host family, you have the opportunity to form deeper connections with the local people. In Berlin, discover how companies address modern engineering challenges through expert-led classes and hands-on workshops! Visit production sites, such as car factories, and team up with other Global Explorers to propose solutions to real-world engineering problems. This experience will broaden your knowledge of engineering careers and expose you to cutting-edge innovations from Germany. 11．If Jim is interested in hands-on projects, which programme suits him best? A．Australian Wildlife Conservation B．Creative Writing in Literary London C．Chinese Language & Culture D．German Engineering & Innovation 12．How does Chinese Language & Culture help students build stronger bonds with the locals? A．By hosting speech contests. B．By arranging host family stays. C．By providing language classes. D．By offering in-depth city tours. 13．What can students do in the Australian Wildlife Conservation programme? A．Propose solutions to engineering problems. B．Carry out field research to judge urban coastal sustainability plans. C．Attend creative writing workshops with British authors. D．Experience the integration of modern and traditional architecture. 14．We can infer from the passage that the Creative Writing in Literary London programme may appeal to students who _________. A．have a keen interest in literary creation and classic works B．are fond of observing area wildlife C．want to study engineering challenges D．intend to improve area language skills 15．What is the main purpose of BSJS Global Explorer programmes? A．To train students to acquire career-related skills. B．To help students earn college credits in high school. C．To provide students with unique experiences abroad. D．To expose students to various traditional cultures and arts. D （25-26高三上·天津·月考） Are you interested in how marine (海洋的) ecosystems work? Do you want to know more about marine animals? Bowling Green State University (BGSU) has one of the few camps in the Midwest where high school students can explore life at sea! Camp Dates: June 8-13, 2025 What kinds of activities do campers get to do? ·Field trips to locations around Northwest Ohio to examine marine life and environments ·Hands-on activities to practice specimen (标本) collection procedures ·Design and run an experiment in our research lab ·Behind-the-scenes trip to the Toledo Zoo to learn about marine animals ·Meet professionals to learn what it means to be a marine scientist What does the cost cover? The BGSU Marine Biology camp will offer both residential and non-residential options. The cost of the non-residential program is $850, with an additional $400 fee for the residential option. The total program cost covers room and board, all materials for labs and activities as well as transportation for field trips. A 10% discount is available for early admission. Application Requirements ·Letter of recommendation ·Complete the online form ·Complete responses to short-answer questions Note: Answers to questions provided by anyone other than that applicant will disqualify the application. Application Deadlines ·March 2, 2025 — To be considered for early admission. Applicants will be informed by March 14. ·April 25, 2025 — General Application Deadline. Note: All spaces may fill after selection from the early admission deadline. 16．What does the camp offer? A．Sample gathering practice. B．Field trips to nature museums. C．Research lab membership. D．Lectures on marine knowledge. 17．What is the early admission cost for the residential option? A．$400. B．$765. C．$1,125. D．$1,250. 18．Which of the following will result in an applicant’s disqualification? A．Forgetting to confirm admission. B．Providing responses given by others. C．Missing the early application deadline. D．Failing to recommend other applicants. 19．What can we learn about the application deadlines? A．Applicants submitting on March 10 will get early admission results by March 14. B．Materials sent on April 20 guarantee a spot before the general deadline. C．Early admission applicants not selected will be notified on April 25. D．Early admission requires submission before March 2,2025. 20．Where is this passage most likely from? A．A university’s summer program webpage B．A high school marine biology textbook C．A teen’s career and education blog D．A science magazine’s marine article 刷真题 A （2026·浙江·高考真题）The City of Burlington public art program is presenting a series of temporary public art signs at the Beachway in conjunction with the Ontario Culture Days. This project will select 10 visual artists and 10 writers to create artwork that will be displayed on temporary signs along the multi-use path. This call is open to Burlington-based artists and is open to all art forms that can be presented in a sign format. This includes, but is not limited to: visual art, graphic art, photography, poetry, short story, non-fiction, etc. Submissions may be from existing or newly created work. The artist fee for this project is $400. The City of Burlington will pay for all costs related to the production, installation (安装) and maintenance of the signs.Estimated Project Timeline August 2 Call for Artists responses due By August 12 Successful artists selected; enter into a contract with the City of Burlington September 6 Final artwork files due September 23 — October 13 Artwork displayed for duration of Culture Days celebration Application Package Artwork Statement: Please provide a brief statement (maximum 150 words) outlining your artwork concept. Artwork or Writing Submission: •Visual Art Submission: Please submit an artwork sketch (草图) of your concept. This can be a work in progress rather than a completed piece. If you are proposing to use a completed artwork, please submit it as your “sketch”. •Writing Submission: Submissions must be a maximum of 250 words. It may be a stand-alone piece such as a poem or short story or a part taken from a larger piece. Artist Biography: Please provide a short introduction (maximum 50 words) to the artist written in the third person. 1．What is the purpose of this text? A．To raise money for local artists. B．To release a collection of artwork. C．To introduce a cultural festival. D．To call for artworks for a project. 2．How long will the public art signs be on display? A．Ten days. B．Three weeks. C．One month. D．Two months. 3．Which of the following meets the application requirements? A．A 150-word poem. B．A 100-word self-introduction. C．A 300-word story. D．A 200-word artwork statement. B （2025·上海·高考真题）The Louis Department of Education (LDOE)’s AI integration framework (框架) is a comprehensive, responsible approach to maximizing AI’s benefits. Adopting a continuous cycle of exploration and improvement, it empowers schools to adopt AI responsibly while prioritizing student safety and future readiness. The framework aims to create a sustainable environment that improves teaching, learning, and outcomes through research, policy, community involvement, and ongoing evaluation. Purpose & Research: This component stresses setting clear goals for AI integration. It involves researching evidence-based practices, assessing AI’s benefits and challenges, and identifying tools in line with the city’s educational objectives to ensure purposeful and informed application. Evaluation & Monitoring:     This component centers on assessing the impact of AI application in educational settings. It involves tracking student progress, measuring the effectiveness of AI tools and resources, and identifying areas for improvement. Regular monitoring ensures that AI initiatives are in line with educational goals and adapt to the changing needs of students and educators. Engage Stakeholders:     Recognizing that AI integration impacts various key participants, this component emphasizes active engagement and cooperation. Stakeholders like educators, administrators, students, parents, policymakers, and community members are involved in the process to gather different perspectives, address concerns, and build support for AI initiatives. This approach promotes trust, ownership, and joint responsibility in shaping the future of AI in education. Policy & Guidance:     This component addresses the need for clear guidelines and policies that govern AI’s responsible use in educational settings. It involves developing frameworks for data privacy, ensuring access to AI resources, and establishing standards for designing and using AI tools. Policy and guidance provide a structured approach to handling the complexities of AI integration and ensuring that it follows legal and educational principles. 4．What is the framework mainly intended to do? A．Encourage students to explore AI tools. B．Prepare schools for responsible AI use. C．Improve teaching by increasing AI use. D．Guarantee student safety with AI tools. 5．What does the component “Evaluation & Monitoring” focus on? A．Examining the effects of AI use. B．Monitoring students’ use of AI. C．Assessing student development in AI. D．Locating the weakness of AI tools. 6．A school in the city of Louis is planning to introduce an AI tool to help students with learning. The teacher in charge is looking for ways to avoid the misuse of students’ personal data. Which component should the teacher mainly refer to? A．Purpose & Research B．Policy & Guidance C．Engage Stakeholders D．Evaluation & Monitoring C （2025·全国一卷·高考真题）The greening of planes, trains and automobiles Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放). As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation — which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport. The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around. Each mode of transport has its specific fuel needs. Much is still to be settled, but here are some of the solutions to get us going green. PLANES — Synthetic hydrocarbonsThe hardest sector to decarbonize is aviation. One long-term option for sustainable fuel for planes is to make hydrocarbons from recycled air. CARS — BatteriesBatteries are energy-efficient and electric cars can plug into existing systems and services. New solid-state batteries will take a car farther on a single charge. TRAINS — ElectricitySome trains are already electrified through rails or wires; others can be made electric in pretty simple ways. TRUCKS — Hydrogenfuel cells Hydrogen fuel cells are a lighter choice than batteries for trucks, but making green hydrogen is expensive. SHIPS — Liquid ammoniaLiquid ammonia is easy to keep and transport, but it is hard to ignite (点燃) and requires an engine redesign. This energy transition (变革) is global, and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. It’s estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050. Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task. “We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used,” says Wipke. 7．What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018? A．11.6%. B．45.1%. C．74.5%. D．86.1%. 8．Which mode of transport can go green comparatively easily? A．Planes. B．Trucks. C．Trains. D．Ships. 9．What does Wipke suggest regarding energy transition? A．Limiting fuel consumption. B．Putting more effort into renewables. C．Improving energy efficiency. D．Making electricity more affordable. D （2025·全国二卷·高考真题）English Market Towns to Visit in the UK English market towns come in many shapes and sizes. Each has a personality shaped by the goods and services produced and traded for centuries. But each town has more to do than shop. Hereford, Herefordshire Hereford has remained a lively market town since 1189. Skirting the town square, you’ll find lovely shops, eateries, and the Black and White House Museum. The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town. It’s also home to an ancient library. One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there. Ludlow, Shropshire Ludlow is known as the Foodie Center of England. Butcher shops, greengrocers, bakeries, and cheese shops line the town square. Bordering the square, the Ludlow Castle is a “must explore” medieval stronghold. The three-day Ludlow Food Festival is held each September. Shrewsbury, Shropshire Getting to Shrewsbury Town Center from London is challenging but worth the anxiety. The River Severn has a significant turn through town, almost making an island of Shrewsbury Town Center. The shape creates a perfect market where goods could be shipped and received using the river as a highway. Flowers are everywhere-hanging baskets, window boxes, and planters-just what you imagine in an attractive English market town. Mevagissey, Cornwall Even if you haven’t been to the small fishing village Mevagissey, you’ve probably seen it in a movie or British TV show. The working harbor (港口) took shape in 1774. Fishermen go out to sea daily and sell their fish in harbor-side markets. Don’t leave the harbor without a traditional Cornish pie. It’s delicious. 10．Where can you find an original copy of the Magna Carta? A．In the Ludlow Castle. B．In the Foodie Center of England. C．In the Hereford Cathedral. D．In the Black and White House Museum. 11．What is a feature of Shrewsbury Town Center? A．It’s situated near a big island. B．It’s almost surrounded by water. C．It’s known for its flower festival. D．It’s easily accessible from London. 12．What does the author suggest visitors do in Mevagissey? A．Try the Cornish pie. B．Watch a British TV show. C．Go fishing in the sea. D．Take pictures of the harbor. 4 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 阅读理解应用文 命题·趋势·定位 结合真题文本及高考应用文阅读命题趋势，紧扣 “主流实用文本、生活场景导向、信息精准考查” 核心特征，从四大维度展开全面分析，贴合天津卷本地化命题规律。 一、选材特点 天津卷应用文阅读理解选材均源自主流英文网站、官方机构公告、生活实用手册、专业场馆宣传册等真实语料，无纯学术性晦涩文本，贴合 “社会实用、生活导向、信息明确” 的选材原则，同时兼顾少量前沿生活类话题，具体特征如下： 1. 文本类型：全覆盖高考高频实用应用文，包括校园指南、留学手册、场馆参观须知、活动招募海报、官方公告等，均为贴近学生生活与社会实用的文本类型，无偏题冷题。 2. 内容主题：聚焦 “校园生活 + 社会实用” 两大核心方向，涵盖校内兼职、留学选课、美术馆 / 植物园参观、写作比赛招募等场景，少量融入生态环保（如气候主题写作比赛）、文化艺术（如美术馆、书法比赛）等社会关注话题，贴合前沿生活导向。 3. 语言特征：语言简洁规范、信息直白，以陈述句和祈使句为主，无复杂长难句，词汇均为高中课标核心词，少量专有名词（如场馆、院校名称）均有明确语境，不影响理解。 4. 排版特征：原文排版清晰有条理，多采用小标题、项目符号、分点、表格等形式呈现信息（如票价表、比赛信息分栏），便于快速定位关键内容，符合实用应用文的真实排版特点。 5. 语料真实性：选材均为真实场景下的实用文本，如大学官网的兼职通知、场馆的官方参观指南、比赛的正式招募信息，注重考查学生真实语境下的信息提取与应用能力。 二、语篇结构 天津卷应用文阅读理解的语篇结构为 “总分式 + 分块式” 结合，无复杂叙事逻辑，核心围绕 “信息清晰呈现、读者快速获取” 展开，整体结构高度规整，具体特征如下： 1. 开篇总起：首段多为主题引入，直接点明文本核心用途 / 内容，无冗余铺垫，如 “All students may apply to work on campus”（校内兼职指南）、“Welcome to our university’s Botanic Garden — plan your visit”（植物园参观指南），让读者快速把握文本主旨。 2. 主体分块：主体部分按 “内容类别 / 功能板块” 分段落 / 分点展开，每个板块有明确的主题（多以小标题标注），独立呈现一类信息，板块间无交叉，如校内兼职指南分为 “入职材料、求职平台、岗位信息、工作时长” 四大板块，美术馆指南分为 “开放时间、票价、参观规则” 三大板块。 3. 信息并列：各板块内部的信息以并列式呈现，多采用项目符号（*）、分号（;）、表格等形式，如国际学生入职材料、Handshake 求职步骤、场馆禁止行为均为分点罗列，信息之间逻辑平等，便于逐一提取。 4. 结尾补充：文末多为补充信息，如官方联系方式（地址、邮箱、电话）、官网链接、更多信息获取渠道等，无主旨升华，仅为实用信息补充，符合应用文的功能属性。 核心结构总结：开篇点题（总）→ 主体分块呈现具体信息（分）→ 文末补充实用信息（补），全程以 “信息传递” 为核心，无情节发展与逻辑转折。 三、命题热点 天津卷应用文阅读理解的命题聚焦 “信息精准提取与匹配”，无深层推理、主旨概括等难题，所有题目答案均能在原文找到直接依据，四大核心命题热点分布均衡，覆盖所有考题，具体如下： 热点 1：细节信息定位题（最高频，约 40%） · 考查核心：对文本中具体信息、材料清单、资格要求的筛选与匹配，考查学生快速定位并提取精准信息的能力。 · 高频考查点：国际学生 / 特定人群的材料要求、课程注册 / 活动报名的条件、场馆参观的资格限定、岗位工作的基本要求等。 · 真题示例：2023 年 3 月卷考查国际学生校内兼职的必备材料、2025 年 6 月卷考查植物园参观的儿童陪同要求。 热点 2：数字 / 时间类匹配与计算题（约 30%） · 考查核心：对文本中数字、时间、数量的提取、简单计算与精准匹配，考查学生对数字信息的敏感度与简单运算能力。 · 高频考查点：时长计算（场馆停留时间、工作时长）、费用核算（票价、预约费、报名费）、数量限定（词数、年龄、工作时长上限）、时间节点（报名截止日期、课程变更期限）等。 · 真题示例：2024 年 3 月卷考查美术馆停留时长计算与票价核算、2025 年 3 月卷考查写作比赛的词数要求。 热点 3：规则判断 / 行为正误题（约 20%） · 考查核心：对文本中行为规则、使用规则、限定规则的理解与判断，考查学生对规则类信息的理解与应用能力。 · 高频考查点：场馆的禁止 / 允许行为、校园 / 岗位的工作规则、课程注册 / 退课的操作规则、活动报名的提交规则等。 · 真题示例：2024 年 3 月卷考查美术馆的禁止行为、2023 年 3 月卷考查国内学生的校内工作时长规则、2025 年 6 月卷考查植物园的允许行为。 热点 4：文章出处 / 文体推理题（必考，约 10%） · 考查核心：根据文本核心内容、目标受众、文体特征进行轻度推理，考查学生对不同应用文的场景匹配能力。 · 高频考查点：判断文章出自大学官网、旅游手册、活动海报、留学指南等，无深层推理，仅需结合文本特征匹配场景。 · 真题示例：2023 年 3 月卷考查校内兼职指南的出处、2024 年 3 月卷考查美术馆参观指南的出处。 命题共性 1. 答案均在原文：无主观推断题，所有正确选项均能在原文找到直接依据，错误选项多为 “无中生有、偷换概念、以偏概全”。 2. 定位性极强：每题均有明确的定位词（专属名词、数词、核心动词），可快速锁定原文对应板块，无需通读全文。 3. 避开超纲陷阱：少量专有名词（如场馆、院校名称）仅为定位词，不考查词义，不影响解题。 四、常见的设问形式 天津卷应用文阅读理解的设问形式高度固定，均为特殊疑问句，紧扣四大命题热点，问句简洁直白，无隐晦表述，且均为四选一单项选择，常见设问形式按考点分类整理如下： 类别 1：细节信息定位题（高频设问） 1. What documents/information are necessary for ______?（______所需的材料 / 信息是什么？） 2. What should ______ do if they want to ______?（______想要______需要做什么？） 3. Who can ?（谁能享受/ 符合______的条件？） 4. What is the requirement for ______?（______的要求是什么？） 5. Which of the following is included in ______?（______包含以下哪项内容？） 类别 2：数字 / 时间类匹配与计算题（高频设问） 1. How long can ______ ______?（______能持续 / 停留多久？） 2. How much should ______ pay for ______?（______需要为______支付多少钱？） 3. How many ______ are required for ______?（需要多少（词数 / 数量）？） 4. What is the maximum/minimum ______ for ______?（的最大 / 最小（时长 / 数量）是多少？） 5. What is the deadline for ______?（______的截止日期是什么？） 类别 3：规则判断 / 行为正误题（高频设问） 1. Which of the following is forbidden/not permitted in ______?（______中以下哪项是被禁止的？） 2. Which of the following is allowed/permitted for ______?（______中以下哪项是被允许的？） 3. Which working/visiting arrangement is allowed for ______?（______的工作 / 参观安排中哪项是被允许的？） 4. What can’t we do in ______?（在______中我们不能做什么？） 5. What must ______ do according to the rules?（根据规则，______必须做什么？） 类别 4：文章出处 / 文体推理题（必考设问） 1. Where is the passage probably taken from?（这篇文章可能出自哪里？） 2. What kind of text is the passage?（这篇文章属于哪种文体？） 3. Who is the passage mainly written for?（这篇文章主要写给谁看？） 热点·角度·拆解 2023-2025高考考点细目（阅读理解说明文） 卷别 词数 主题 话题 命题形式 2025 年 6 月 286 词 人与社会 校园生活・大学植物园参观指南，含购票规则、参观准则、导览服务等信息 5 道四选一：细节理解题，考查信息定位、细节匹配、规则理解 2025 年 3 月 268 词 人与社会 文化创作・2025 年四大写作比赛招募信息，含参赛要求、奖项、费用及截止日期 4 道四选一：细节理解题，考查数字匹配、特征对比、共性归纳 2024 年 6 月 未公布 2024 年 3 月 245 词 人与社会 旅游出行・意大利罗马博尔盖塞美术馆参观指南，含开放时间、票价、预约规则及馆内禁令 5 道四选一：细节理解题，考查时间计算、费用核算、身份匹配、规则判断 2023 年 6 月 232 词 人与社会 留学交流・UCLA 交换生项目学习指南，含 ESL 课程注册、课表变更、退课规则及考试备考建议 5 道四选一：细节理解题，考查条件匹配、目的判断、时间限定、动作要求 2023 年 3 月 290 词 人与社会 校园生活・大学生校内兼职招聘指南，含应聘材料、求职平台使用、岗位信息及工作时长限制 5 道四选一：细节理解题，考查信息筛选、步骤匹配、时间定位、规则判断 热点角度01 细节信息定位题 析典例·建模型 2023 年 3 月天津卷 16 题 STUDENT EMPLOYMENT ON CAMPUS All students may apply to work on campus. Getting started Before starting any position, all students need to complete required tax forms and show identification. International students also need: *Social Security card *Bank account *Valid passport *Official work permit *Letter of support from the office of International Student Life Looking for a job on Handshake Handshake is an online job search platform for college students.With a Handshake account, students can receive information about career events and personalized job recommendations. To use Handshake, just follow these steps: *Log in to Handshake using your email address already provided by the college. *Complete personalization of your profile. *Start your job search by clicking “Jobs” button. *Fill out desired information: location, job type, etc. *Apply directly by clicking “Apply Now” button. You can also make appointments to meet with a career coach, access career resources, and explore careers that interest you. On-campus jobs available for students *Academic department assistant (Flexible working hours on Monday/Thursday) *Dining services (Lunchtime on weekdays) *Library assistant (Flexible working hours on Monday/Wednesday/Friday) *Bookstore/mailroom (9:00-12:00 at weekends) *Athletic department (18:00-22:00 on weekdays) Maximum working hours *During the semester (学期), domestic students can work a maximum of 10 hours a week; international students can work a maximum of 20 hours a week. *During the summer break, a student may not work more than 30 hours a week. *The total number of hours may not exceed (超过) the maximum hours allowed even if a student has more than one job. For more information, find us at Career Development Office, 211 Hughes Hall; careerdevelopment@dreamcollege.edu, 555-520-1314. What documents are necessary for an international student to seek employment? A. Passport and Insurance Certificate B. Work permit and Academic report C. Bank account and Letter of support D. Health Certificate and Social Security card 解题思路建模： 1. 划题干定位词：锁定核心关键词international student、documents，精准定位原文 “Getting started” 板块下国际学生所需材料部分； 2. 核对原文信息：原文明确列出国际学生需准备：Social Security card、Bank account、Valid passport、Official work permit、Letter of support； 3. 逐一匹配选项：排除含原文未提及词汇的选项（Insurance Certificate/Academic report/Health Certificate 均未出现），C 选项两个词汇均在原文清单中； 4. 确定答案：C模型总结：细节信息定位题 = 划题干专属定位词→精准锁定原文对应段落→逐词匹配选项（排除无中生有词汇）→确定答案 研考点·通技法 该题型考查对具体信息的筛选与匹配，天津卷常考 “人物 / 身份的对应要求、材料 / 条件清单”，核心技法为 “定位词 + 精准匹配”，避免主观推断： 1. 精准划定位词：优先选专属名词、数词、特殊概念词（如 international student、ESL Placement Test、disabled citizens），这类词在原文辨识度高，不易被替换； 2. 快速定位原文：应用文排版清晰（多有小标题、项目符号、分点），根据定位词直接锁定对应板块 / 段落 / 清单，无需通读全文； 3. 选项匹配原则： 1. ✅ 正确选项：所有词汇均能在原文找到对应依据，无新增信息； 2. ❌ 错误选项：含无中生有（原文未提及的词汇）、偷换概念（原文词汇的近义错误替换）、以偏概全（只提部分信息，遗漏关键要求）的词汇。 4. 小技巧：应用文多有项目符号（*）、分号（;）、破折号（—） 标注信息，定位后重点关注这类符号后的内容。 破类题·提能力 2025 年 6 月天津卷 37 题 Welcome to our university’s Botanic Garden — plan your visit, and find out about what we do! You can either pay at the Ticket Office on arrival, or book your tickets online. Please note: Tickets cannot be used on any date other than the one they were booked for and are non-refundable (不可退款的). Guidelines for Visitors The Garden is an active research facility and a living museum with a collection of over 8,000 plants. Please bear in mind some simple rules for your visit: Only trained working dogs are permitted to enter the Garden. Children must stay with a grown-up at all times. Stick strictly to the paths and lawns (草坪). Do not climb the trees. Please do not pick any part of a growing plant. Cycling and ball games are not permitted in the Garden. Guided Tours in the Garden With over 8,000 plant species and a wonderful range of gardens and plantings to enjoy, there is something for everyone at the Garden, and many different aspects to appeal to a wide variety of interest groups. ♦ Free Drop-in Weekend Tours Enjoy a free-of-charge Garden tour with one of our expert guides, taking in the seasonal highlights of the Garden. Our weekend tours are available every Sunday at 11:30 a.m. and 2 p.m. throughout the year. During the months of January and February these tours focus on the Winter Garden, Snowdrops and general winter interest. The free tours last one hour and start from the Fountain, near the Main Lawn. ♦ Group Tours Our experienced volunteer guides will help you enjoy the highlights and provide some of the background history and development of this amazing garden. These 90-minute, pre-bookable tours are ideal for adult groups wishing to make the most of their visit to our 40-acre site. Please visit the Group Guided Tours page for more details. A kid is allowed to visit the Garden when they are ________. A. well trained B. with a bicycle C. accompanied by an adult D. guided by their working dog 答案：C 原文定位：Guidelines for Visitors 板块→Children must stay with a grown-up at all times. 解析：定位词kid/Children，原文 “stay with a grown-up” 与 C 选项 “accompanied by an adult” 同义匹配；A/B/D 均为原文未提及或禁止的内容。 2023 年 6 月天津卷 39 题 Welcome to UCLA Exchange Program! Let’s get started by checking out Student Guide for your academic journey! Signing up for ESL (English as a Second Language) ESL courses are designed to help international students improve academic English language skills. Enrollment (课程注册) priority is given to degree students. If space is available, you may enroll. You will then be asked to take an ESL Placement Test. The test results will help you choose the class that is appropriate for you. Changing Your Course Enrollment List You may change your class schedule during the first two weeks of the term by adding or dropping courses from your enrollment list. After the second week of classes, there will be a charge for each schedule change. Students often attend classes in which they are not enrolled on the first day of instruction to try adding this new course to the list, as other students may have dropped it. Withdrawing from Courses If you choose to drop a course, you must follow the UCLA procedures for removing it from your schedule. If you forget to officially drop that course, a “F” (Fail) grade will be registered on your record at the end of the term. If, at a later date, you wish to apply for a job or graduate school where an official copy of your UCLA record is required, it will be to your advantage to provide an impressive academic record. Taking Exams Some instructors choose to put previous test papers on library reserve, making them available to all students. These exams, which students commonly use for practice, can give you an idea of how instructors ask questions and what they regard as relevant material. You can also access the exams online. What should exchange students do if they choose to stop taking a course? A. Seek assistance from UCLA officials B. Go through the procedures to drop it C. Present past academic records to UCLA D. Make a request to the Registration Office 原文定位：Withdrawing from Courses 板块→If you choose to drop a course, you must follow the UCLA procedures for removing it from your schedule. 答案：B 解析：定位词stop taking a course/drop a course，原文 “follow the UCLA procedures” 与 B 选项 “Go through the procedures” 精准匹配；A/C/D 均为无中生有。 热点角度02 数字 / 时间计算匹配题 析典例·建模型 2024 年 3 月天津卷 36 题 Galleria Borghese is one of the most famous art galleries in the world. Located in Rome, Italy, the Gallery houses are a considerable part of the Borghese collection of paintings, sculpture and antiquities. Opening Hours ♦ The Gallery is open from Tuesday to Sunday. From 9 a.m. to 7 p.m. ♦ Last entrance at 5:45 p.m. ♦ The ticket office is open from 8:30 a.m. until 1 hour before the Gallery closes. Ticket & Reservation Fee Tickets Full Price €13 Discounted (18-25 years of age) €2 Free of Charge ➤ Visitors under 18 years of age. ➤ Students and professors of architecture, education, art or art history in the European Union (EU) member states. Reservation €2（required for all three kinds of tickets） ※ The following categories are exempt (免除) from the €2 reservation fee: ·Disabled citizens and one of their family members or a companion who belongs to a social assistance service. ·Licensed EU tourist guides in the exercise of their professional activity. ·Journalists with valid membership card from the Gallery. ·Children up to 5 years of age. Rules The following is not permitted in the Gallery: ♦ Taking photographs or videos. ♦ Bringing alcoholic drinks ♦ Bags, backpacks or parcels larger than 40×40cm. You can store them in the individual lockers or in the cloakroom. ♦ Umbrellas or sharp items. These items must be stored in the cloakroom. How long are you allowed to stay in the Gallery if you enter at 5:30 p.m.? A. 30 minutes B. 60 minutes C. 75 minutes D. 90 minutes 解题思路建模： 1. 划题干数字定位词：5:30 p.m.（进入时间），定位原文 “Opening Hours” 板块； 2. 提取原文时间规则：① Gallery open until 7 p.m. ② Last entrance at 5:45 p.m.； 3. 简单计算时长：进入时间 5:30 p.m. → 闭馆时间 7:00 p.m.，时长为90 分钟； 4. 验证规则合理性：5:30 p.m. 早于最后入场时间 5:45 p.m.，符合入场要求，计算有效； 5. 确定答案：D 模型总结：数字 / 时间计算匹配题 =划题干数字 / 时间定位词→提取原文相关数字 / 时间规则→简单计算（加减）/ 直接匹配→验证规则合理性→确定答案 研考点·通技法 该题型考查数字 / 时间的提取、简单计算与匹配，天津卷常考 “时长计算、费用核算、年龄 / 词数限定、时间节点匹配”，核心技法为 “定位数字 + 紧扣规则 + 精准计算”，避免粗心失误： 1. 时长 / 时间类计算 · 核心公式：结束时间 - 开始时间 = 时长； · 关键注意：原文是否有 “最后入场时间、截止时间、营业时间” 等限定规则，需先验证行为是否符合规则，再计算（如入场时间需早于最后入场时间）。 2. 费用类核算 · 步骤：先定位身份 / 条件（如 EU 艺术学生、残疾人）→ 提取对应票价 / 预约费 / 减免规则→ 核算总费用（无减免则相加，有减免则扣除）； · 注意：原文是否有 “所有票种均需支付、特定人群免除” 等总规则，避免遗漏基础费用（如 2024 年 3 月卷所有票种均需 2 欧元预约费）。 3. 数字限定类匹配 · 无需计算，直接定位数字要求（如词数、年龄、工作时长）→ 匹配选项数字（如≥50000 词、≤300 词、每周最多 10 小时）； · 注意：比较级 / 限定词（at least/up to/maximum/no more than），避免混淆 “至少” 和 “最多”。 4. 通用技巧 · 应用文数字多为阿拉伯数字，原文中极易定位，直接圈画； · 计算仅为简单加减，无复杂运算，可在草稿纸简单标注，避免心算失误。 破类题·提能力 2024 年 3 月天津卷 37 题 Galleria Borghese is one of the most famous art galleries in the world. Located in Rome, Italy, the Gallery houses are a considerable part of the Borghese collection of paintings, sculpture and antiquities. Opening Hours ♦ The Gallery is open from Tuesday to Sunday. From 9 a.m. to 7 p.m. ♦ Last entrance at 5:45 p.m. ♦ The ticket office is open from 8:30 a.m. until 1 hour before the Gallery closes. Ticket & Reservation Fee Tickets Full Price €13 Discounted (18-25 years of age) €2 Free of Charge ➤ Visitors under 18 years of age. ➤ Students and professors of architecture, education, art or art history in the European Union (EU) member states. Reservation €2（required for all three kinds of tickets） ※ The following categories are exempt (免除) from the €2 reservation fee: ·Disabled citizens and one of their family members or a companion who belongs to a social assistance service. ·Licensed EU tourist guides in the exercise of their professional activity. ·Journalists with valid membership card from the Gallery. ·Children up to 5 years of age. Rules The following is not permitted in the Gallery: ♦ Taking photographs or videos. ♦ Bringing alcoholic drinks ♦ Bags, backpacks or parcels larger than 40×40cm. You can store them in the individual lockers or in the cloakroom. ♦ Umbrellas or sharp items. These items must be stored in the cloakroom. How much should an art student from an EU university pay to visit the Gallery? A. €2 B. €4 C. €13 D. €15 原文定位：① Ticket & Reservation Fee→Free for EU art students；② Reservation→€2 for all tickets；③ 无减免预约费的相关规则。 答案：A 解析：EU 艺术学生门票免费，但需支付所有票种均需的 2 欧元预约费，总费用为 2 欧元。 2025 年 3 月天津卷 36 题 Writing Competitions 2025 The Caledonia Novel Award The award is for the best novel manuscript (原稿). All entries must be original manuscripts at least 50,000 words long by unpublished writers. The first prize is £1,500. There is a special prize of a free place on a creative writing course at Moniack Mhor Centre, the sponsor of the competition. The entry fee is £28. A number of sponsored places are available for writers on low incomes. The closing date is 15 October. Website: https://thecnaward.com/submit The Deborah Rogers Foundation Writers Award The DRF Writers Award invites submissions of 15,000-20,000 words of a work in progress, which may be fiction or non-fiction. Writers must not previously have published any work. The winner will receive £10,000 and two shortlisted writers will receive £1,000. The closing date is 31 May. Website: https://www.drf.org/enter Imagine 2100 Climate Fiction Competition Writers are invited to “envision (展望) a future where humanity overcomes the climate crisis and builds a more sustainable world.” Your story can be set sometime between the near future and the year 2100. Stories should be unpublished, between 2,500–5,000 words. Entry is free, with the first prize of £3,000. The winning stories will be published on the competition’s website. The deadline is 24 June. Website: https://climatefiction.org/submit New Writers Flash Fiction Competition New Writers is inviting entries of short fiction on any theme up to 300 words. The first prize is £1,100. The winning entries will be published on the New Writers website. All entries must be original and unpublished. There is an entry fee of £10. £1 from each entry will be donated to First Story, the creative writing charity for young people. A limited number of free entries are available for low-income writers. The closing date is 31 March. Website: https://newwriters.net/compete How many words are required for the entries to the competition sponsored by Moniack Mhor Centre? A. Up to 300 B. 2,500 to 5,000 C. 15,000 to 20,000 D. At least 50,000 原文定位：The Caledonia Novel Award→All entries must be original manuscripts at least 50,000 words long. 答案：D 解析：定位词Moniack Mhor Centre，原文 “at least 50,000 words” 与 D 选项精准匹配，无需计算。 热点角度03 规则判断 / 正误题 析典例·建模型 2024 年 3 月天津卷 39 题 Galleria Borghese is one of the most famous art galleries in the world. Located in Rome, Italy, the Gallery houses are a considerable part of the Borghese collection of paintings, sculpture and antiquities. Opening Hours ♦ The Gallery is open from Tuesday to Sunday. From 9 a.m. to 7 p.m. ♦ Last entrance at 5:45 p.m. ♦ The ticket office is open from 8:30 a.m. until 1 hour before the Gallery closes. Ticket & Reservation Fee Tickets Full Price €13 Discounted (18-25 years of age) €2 Free of Charge ➤ Visitors under 18 years of age. ➤ Students and professors of architecture, education, art or art history in the European Union (EU) member states. Reservation €2（required for all three kinds of tickets） ※ The following categories are exempt (免除) from the €2 reservation fee: ·Disabled citizens and one of their family members or a companion who belongs to a social assistance service. ·Licensed EU tourist guides in the exercise of their professional activity. ·Journalists with valid membership card from the Gallery. ·Children up to 5 years of age. Rules The following is not permitted in the Gallery: ♦ Taking photographs or videos. ♦ Bringing alcoholic drinks ♦ Bags, backpacks or parcels larger than 40×40cm. You can store them in the individual lockers or in the cloakroom. ♦ Umbrellas or sharp items. These items must be stored in the cloakroom. Which of the following is forbidden in the Gallery? A. Bringing a wallet B. Drinking red wine C. Wearing an overcoat D. Taking a mobile phone 解题思路建模： 1. 划题干核心词：forbidden（禁止），定位原文 “Rules” 板块（明确标注 not permitted 的内容）； 2. 提取原文禁止规则：① Taking photographs or videos ② Bringing alcoholic drinks ③ Large bags/backpacks ④ Umbrellas or sharp items； 3. 逐一匹配选项： A. 钱包：原文未提及，无禁止； B. 红酒：属于 alcoholic drinks，符合禁止规则； C. 大衣：原文未提及，无禁止； D. 手机：原文仅禁止用手机拍照 / 录像，未禁止携带； 4. 确定答案：B模型总结：规则判断 / 正误题 =划题干核心词（forbidden/allowed/permitted）→定位原文 “规则 / 要求” 板块→逐一匹配选项与原文规则→排除未提及 / 偷换概念选项→确定答案 研考点·通技法 该题型考查对行为规则、使用规则、资格规则的判断，天津卷常考 “场馆禁止行为、校园 / 活动允许行为、资格符合规则”，核心技法为 “锁定规则板块 + 逐选项匹配 + 区分‘禁止 / 允许 / 未提及’”： 1. 快速定位规则板块：应用文多有明确的小标题标注规则（如 Rules、Guidelines for Visitors、Maximum working hours），直接锁定该板块，无需通读； 2. 明确题干判断方向：题干核心词分为两类，需精准区分： 1. 禁止类：forbidden/not permitted/not allowed/prohibited； 2. 允许类：allowed/permitted/can do/qualified for； 3. 选项匹配三大原则： 3. ✅ 正确选项：完全符合原文禁止 / 允许规则，词汇同义匹配（如 red wine=alcoholic drinks、accompanied by an adult=stay with a grown-up）； 3. ❌ 错误选项 1：偷换概念（如原文禁止 “用手机拍照”，选项说 “禁止携带手机”）； 3. ❌ 错误选项 2：未提及（原文无相关行为的任何规则，既不禁止也不允许）； 4. 小技巧：原文规则中多有否定词（not/never/no）、限定词（only/strictly），圈画这些词，避免忽略关键限定。 破类题·提能力 2025 年 6 月天津卷 38 题 Welcome to our university’s Botanic Garden — plan your visit, and find out about what we do! You can either pay at the Ticket Office on arrival, or book your tickets online. Please note: Tickets cannot be used on any date other than the one they were booked for and are non-refundable (不可退款的). Guidelines for Visitors The Garden is an active research facility and a living museum with a collection of over 8,000 plants. Please bear in mind some simple rules for your visit: Only trained working dogs are permitted to enter the Garden. Children must stay with a grown-up at all times. Stick strictly to the paths and lawns (草坪). Do not climb the trees. Please do not pick any part of a growing plant. Cycling and ball games are not permitted in the Garden. Guided Tours in the Garden With over 8,000 plant species and a wonderful range of gardens and plantings to enjoy, there is something for everyone at the Garden, and many different aspects to appeal to a wide variety of interest groups. ♦ Free Drop-in Weekend Tours Enjoy a free-of-charge Garden tour with one of our expert guides, taking in the seasonal highlights of the Garden. Our weekend tours are available every Sunday at 11:30 a.m. and 2 p.m. throughout the year. During the months of January and February these tours focus on the Winter Garden, Snowdrops and general winter interest. The free tours last one hour and start from the Fountain, near the Main Lawn. ♦ Group Tours Our experienced volunteer guides will help you enjoy the highlights and provide some of the background history and development of this amazing garden. These 90-minute, pre-bookable tours are ideal for adult groups wishing to make the most of their visit to our 40-acre site. Please visit the Group Guided Tours page for more details. What behaviour is acceptable in the Garden? A. Picking a flower B. Climbing a tree C. Playing a ball game D. Walking on the lawns 原文定位：Guidelines for Visitors 板块（allowed/permitted 规则）→Stick strictly to the paths and lawns. 禁止规则：Do not pick any plant/Climb the trees/Cycling and ball games. 答案：D 解析：题干问 “可接受的行为”，D 选项 “在草坪上行走” 符合原文 “Stick strictly to the lawns”；A/B/C 均为原文明确禁止的行为。 2023 年 3 月天津卷 19 题 STUDENT EMPLOYMENT ON CAMPUS All students may apply to work on campus. Getting started Before starting any position, all students need to complete required tax forms and show identification. International students also need: *Social Security card *Bank account *Valid passport *Official work permit *Letter of support from the office of International Student Life Looking for a job on Handshake Handshake is an online job search platform for college students.With a Handshake account, students can receive information about career events and personalized job recommendations. To use Handshake, just follow these steps: *Log in to Handshake using your email address already provided by the college. *Complete personalization of your profile. *Start your job search by clicking “Jobs” button. *Fill out desired information: location, job type, etc. *Apply directly by clicking “Apply Now” button. You can also make appointments to meet with a career coach, access career resources, and explore careers that interest you. On-campus jobs available for students *Academic department assistant (Flexible working hours on Monday/Thursday) *Dining services (Lunchtime on weekdays) *Library assistant (Flexible working hours on Monday/Wednesday/Friday) *Bookstore/mailroom (9:00-12:00 at weekends) *Athletic department (18:00-22:00 on weekdays) Maximum working hours *During the semester (学期), domestic students can work a maximum of 10 hours a week; international students can work a maximum of 20 hours a week. *During the summer break, a student may not work more than 30 hours a week. *The total number of hours may not exceed (超过) the maximum hours allowed even if a student has more than one job. For more information, find us at Career Development Office, 211 Hughes Hall; careerdevelopment@dreamcollege.edu, 555-520-1314. Which working arrangement is allowed for a domestic student? A. 40 hours/week in summer B. 20 hours/week in semester C. 2 jobs, 16 hours each/week D. 3 jobs, 2 hours each/week 原文定位：Maximum working hours→① During semester: domestic students max 10 hours/week；② Summer break: max 30 hours/week；③ Total hours no exceed max even with multiple jobs. 答案：D 解析：国内学生学期每周最多 10 小时、暑假最多 30 小时，多份工作总时长不超上限。D 选项 3 份工作每周各 2 小时，总时长 6 小时，符合规则；A/B/C 总时长均超上限。 热点角度04 推理文章出处题 析典例·建模型 2023 年 3 月天津卷 20 题 STUDENT EMPLOYMENT ON CAMPUS All students may apply to work on campus. Getting started Before starting any position, all students need to complete required tax forms and show identification. International students also need: *Social Security card *Bank account *Valid passport *Official work permit *Letter of support from the office of International Student Life Looking for a job on Handshake Handshake is an online job search platform for college students.With a Handshake account, students can receive information about career events and personalized job recommendations. To use Handshake, just follow these steps: *Log in to Handshake using your email address already provided by the college. *Complete personalization of your profile. *Start your job search by clicking “Jobs” button. *Fill out desired information: location, job type, etc. *Apply directly by clicking “Apply Now” button. You can also make appointments to meet with a career coach, access career resources, and explore careers that interest you. On-campus jobs available for students *Academic department assistant (Flexible working hours on Monday/Thursday) *Dining services (Lunchtime on weekdays) *Library assistant (Flexible working hours on Monday/Wednesday/Friday) *Bookstore/mailroom (9:00-12:00 at weekends) *Athletic department (18:00-22:00 on weekdays) Maximum working hours *During the semester (学期), domestic students can work a maximum of 10 hours a week; international students can work a maximum of 20 hours a week. *During the summer break, a student may not work more than 30 hours a week. *The total number of hours may not exceed (超过) the maximum hours allowed even if a student has more than one job. For more information, find us at Career Development Office, 211 Hughes Hall; careerdevelopment@dreamcollege.edu, 555-520-1314. Where is the passage probably taken from? A. A university website B. A course guide C. A summer camp notice D. A business magazine 解题思路建模： 1. 提取原文核心信息与文体特征： 核心内容：大学生校内兼职的申请材料、求职平台、岗位信息、工作时长； 文体特征：实用指南，面向大学生，文末有大学职业发展办公室的地址、邮箱、电话； 2. 分析各选项匹配度： A. 大学官网：贴合 “面向大学生、大学官方信息、实用指南” 特征，高度匹配； B. 课程指南：核心内容是 “兼职”，非 “课程”，无关； C. 夏令营通知：无夏令营相关信息，无关； D. 商业杂志：内容是大学内部兼职，非商业话题，无关； 3. 确定答案：A模型总结：推理文章出处题 =提取原文核心内容 + 分析文体 / 受众特征 + 结合选项场景属性逐一匹配 + 排除无关选项→确定答案 研考点·通技法 该题型为轻度推理题，无需深层推断，仅需根据原文核心内容、受众、文体特征、标志性信息匹配常见场景，天津卷常考的出处场景为 “大学官网、旅游手册、活动招募海报、留学指南”，核心技法为 “抓核心特征 + 匹配场景属性”： 1. 提取原文三大核心特征（快速判断）： 1. 核心内容：文章主要讲什么（兼职 / 留学 / 场馆参观 / 写作比赛 / 植物园游览）； 2. 目标受众：写给谁看（大学生 / 交换生 / 游客 / 作家 / 参观者）； 3. 标志性信息：是否有官网地址、邮箱、电话、票价、开放时间、报名截止日期等专属信息； 天津卷应用文阅读理解高频出处场景与特征匹配表 出处场景 核心特征匹配点 大学官网 内容为校园相关（兼职 / 选课 / 植物园 / 校园通知）、受众为大学生、含大学部门 / 地址 / 邮箱 / 官网链接 旅游手册 / 宣传册 内容为场馆 / 景点 / 美术馆参观、含开放时间 / 票价 / 参观规则 / 导览服务、受众为游客 活动招募指南 / 海报 内容为比赛 / 赛事 / 志愿报名、含报名要求 / 奖项 / 费用 / 截止日期、有官网提交 / 报名链接 留学指南 内容为留学交换 / 课程注册 / 海外学习、受众为交换生 / 国际学生、含海外院校名称 / 选课 / 退课规则 官方通知 / 公告 内容为校园 / 机构各类规定 / 安排（如工作时长、报名须知）、有明确的执行规则 / 限定条件、落款为官方部门 生活服务指南 内容为日常办事 / 实用流程（如求职平台使用、场馆购票）、含步骤说明 / 操作指引、受众为普通办事者 赛事 / 比赛须知 内容为比赛参赛细则、含作品要求 / 词数限制 / 评审标准 / 奖金设置、受众为参赛选手 / 创作者 场馆参观须知 内容为各类场馆（植物园 / 美术馆 / 图书馆）游览、含购票规则 / 参观准则 / 禁止行为 / 特色服务、受众为参观者 破类题·提能力 2024 年 3 月天津卷 40 题 Galleria Borghese is one of the most famous art galleries in the world. Located in Rome, Italy, the Gallery houses are a considerable part of the Borghese collection of paintings, sculpture and antiquities. Opening Hours ♦ The Gallery is open from Tuesday to Sunday. From 9 a.m. to 7 p.m. ♦ Last entrance at 5:45 p.m. ♦ The ticket office is open from 8:30 a.m. until 1 hour before the Gallery closes. Ticket & Reservation Fee Tickets Full Price €13 Discounted (18-25 years of age) €2 Free of Charge ➤ Visitors under 18 years of age. ➤ Students and professors of architecture, education, art or art history in the European Union (EU) member states. Reservation €2（required for all three kinds of tickets） ※ The following categories are exempt (免除) from the €2 reservation fee: ·Disabled citizens and one of their family members or a companion who belongs to a social assistance service. ·Licensed EU tourist guides in the exercise of their professional activity. ·Journalists with valid membership card from the Gallery. ·Children up to 5 years of age. Rules The following is not permitted in the Gallery: ♦ Taking photographs or videos. ♦ Bringing alcoholic drinks ♦ Bags, backpacks or parcels larger than 40×40cm. You can store them in the individual lockers or in the cloakroom. ♦ Umbrellas or sharp items. These items must be stored in the cloakroom. Where is the text most probably taken from? A. A TV commercial B. A traveller’s diary C. A tourist brochure D. A history magazine 原文特征：核心内容为意大利罗马博尔盖塞美术馆参观指南，含开放时间、票价、预约规则、馆内禁令，受众为游客。 答案：C 解析：核心内容为美术馆参观指南，贴合 “旅游手册” 的场景特征；A（电视广告）无广告特征，B（旅行日记）为个人视角，原文是客观指南，D（历史杂志）无历史相关内容。 2025 年 3 月天津卷（补充出处题） Writing Competitions 2025 The Caledonia Novel Award The award is for the best novel manuscript (原稿). All entries must be original manuscripts at least 50,000 words long by unpublished writers. The first prize is £1,500. There is a special prize of a free place on a creative writing course at Moniack Mhor Centre, the sponsor of the competition. The entry fee is £28. A number of sponsored places are available for writers on low incomes. The closing date is 15 October. Website: https://thecnaward.com/submit The Deborah Rogers Foundation Writers Award The DRF Writers Award invites submissions of 15,000-20,000 words of a work in progress, which may be fiction or non-fiction. Writers must not previously have published any work. The winner will receive £10,000 and two shortlisted writers will receive £1,000. The closing date is 31 May. Website: https://www.drf.org/enter Imagine 2100 Climate Fiction Competition Writers are invited to “envision (展望) a future where humanity overcomes the climate crisis and builds a more sustainable world.” Your story can be set sometime between the near future and the year 2100. Stories should be unpublished, between 2,500–5,000 words. Entry is free, with the first prize of £3,000. The winning stories will be published on the competition’s website. The deadline is 24 June. Website: https://climatefiction.org/submit New Writers Flash Fiction Competition New Writers is inviting entries of short fiction on any theme up to 300 words. The first prize is £1,100. The winning entries will be published on the New Writers website. All entries must be original and unpublished. There is an entry fee of £10. £1 from each entry will be donated to First Story, the creative writing charity for young people. A limited number of free entries are available for low-income writers. The closing date is 31 March. Website: https://newwriters.net/compete Where is the text most probably taken from? A. A news report B. A writing competition poster C. A literary textbook D. A daily newspaper 原文特征：核心内容为 2025 年四大写作比赛招募信息，含参赛要求、词数、费用、截止日期，有各比赛官网提交链接，受众为作家 / 创作者。 答案：B 解析：核心内容为写作比赛招募，含报名信息和官网链接，贴合 “比赛招募海报” 特征；A/D 为新闻类，无新闻事件，C 为教材，无教学内容。 天津卷应用文阅读理解通用解题步骤 1. 先看题干，划定位词：不先通读全文，直接看题干，划出定位词（专属名词、数词、核心动词 / 名词），明确考查角度； 2. 根据定位词，跳读原文：应用文排版清晰，根据定位词直接跳读原文对应板块 / 段落，无需逐句读，圈画关键信息（数字、规则、清单）； 3. 逐选项匹配，排除错误项：将选项与原文圈画信息逐一匹配，排除无中生有、偷换概念、以偏概全的错误选项； 4. 轻度推理题，抓核心特征：仅出处题需要推理，提取原文 “内容 + 受众 + 标志性信息”，匹配选项场景； 5. 检查核对，避免粗心：重点检查数字 / 时间计算、规则限定词（at least/maximum），避免因粗心导致的失误。 通用避坑指南 1. 不主观推断：所有答案均来自原文，不自行脑补信息（如原文未提及的规则，既不选允许也不选禁止）； 2. 不忽略限定词：重点关注at least/up to/maximum/only/strictly等限定词，避免混淆 “至少” 和 “最多”、“仅允许” 和 “普遍允许”； 3. 不偷换概念：注意选项对原文词汇的替换，如 “拍照”≠“携带手机”、“长大人陪同”≠“工作犬引导”； 4. 不遗漏总规则：应用文多有 “总规则 + 分规则”，如 “所有票种均需预约费” 是总规则，需先考虑总规则再核算分规则。 （建议用时：60分钟） 刷模拟 A （2026·天津河东·一模） Bike Rental & Guided Tours Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam. Why MacBike MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike suitable for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake, bikes with hand brake and gears, bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes. Prices Hand Brake, Three Gears Foot Brake, No Gears 1 hour €7.50 €5.00 3 hours €11.00 €7.50 1 day (24 hours) €14.75 €9.75 Each additional day     €8.00 €6.00 Guided City Tours The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 p.m. every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online. 1．What is an advantage of MacBike? A．It offers many types of bikes. B．It gives children a discount. C．It organizes free cycle tours. D．It has over 2, 500 rental shops. 2．How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days? A．€15.75. B．€19.50. C．€22.75. D．€29.50. 3．Where does the guided city tour start? A．The Gooyer Windmill. B．Dam Square. C．Heineken Brewery. D．The Skinny Bridge. 4．We can infer from the passage that _________. A．MacBike only provides services within Amsterdam B．the guided city tour is available at 10:00 a.m. every day C．you can only book guided tour tickets in MacBike D．cycling is a great way to experience Amsterdam’s scenery 5．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To introduce a method to save money in Amsterdam. B．To recommend MacBike’s bicycle rental and tour services. C．To explain the development history of MacBike. D．To compare different bicycle rental companies in Amsterdam. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用。文章主要介绍了阿姆斯特丹MacBike自行车租赁公司的服务内容、车型种类、价格体系以及城市导览信息，旨在向游客推广其租赁和导游服务。 1．细节理解题。根据Why MacBike部分中的“We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake, bikes with hand brake and gears, bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.(我们提供种类繁多的最新款自行车，包括带脚刹的基础款、带手刹和变速器的自行车、带儿童座椅的自行车以及儿童自行车)”可知，MacBike提供多种类型的自行车。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据Prices表格中的“Hand Brake, Three Gears(手刹，三挡)”，“1 day (24 hours) €14.75(一天（24小时）14.75 欧元)”及“ Each additional day €8.00(每增加一天8欧元)”可知，租一辆带有手刹和三个挡位的自行车，租用两天，你需要支付的费用为€14.75 +€8.00 =€22.75。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据Guided City Tours部分中的“The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 p.m. every day.(这个 2.5 小时的游览行程涵盖了戈耶尔风车、细长桥、国立博物馆、喜力啤酒厂等等众多景点。该游览活动每小时整点从达姆广场出发，每天从下午1点开始)”可知，有导游的市区游览从达姆广场开始，A、C、D均为途中景点而非起点。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights.( 骑行是探索这座城市最经济、可持续且有趣的方式，可以欣赏美丽的运河、公园、广场和无数灯火)”可推知，骑行是体验阿姆斯特丹风景的绝佳方式。故选D。 5．推理判断题。根据文章标题“Bike Rental & Guided Tours(自行车租赁与导游服务)”及第一段中的“Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike!( 欢迎来到阿姆斯特丹，欢迎来到麦自行车。从自行车的座位上，你能看到更多美好的事物)”可知，文章主要介绍了阿姆斯特丹MacBike自行车租赁公司的服务内容、车型种类、价格体系以及城市导览信息。由此推知，文章的主要目的是推荐MacBike自行车的租赁及旅游服务。故选B。 B （25-26高三上·天津滨海新·月考） The Department of Cultural Affairs and Special Events (DCASE) is dedicated to increasing Chicago’s artistic and cultural vitality (活力), which includes marketing the city’s culture to a worldwide audience and presenting high-quality, free and affordable cultural programs to local citizens and visitors. The following are just a few of Chicago’s 2022 (autumn-winter) festivals and activities. Annual Chicago Jazz Festival August 30-September 2, 2022 Millennium Park and Chicago Cultural Center www.chicagojazzfestival.us As a favorite Labor Day weekend tradition, the world-class Chicago Jazz Festival showcases four stages of live performances by Chicago’s vast jazz talent alongside national and international jazz legends and artists. The festival is produced by the Chicago DCASE and programmed by the Jazz Institute of Chicago. Annual World Music Festival in Chicago September 7-23, 2022 Millennium Park, Chicago Cultural Center and other city-wide locations www.worldmusicfestivalinchicago.org Enjoy global music by award-winning artists from around the world at the city-wide World Music Festival in Chicago featuring 50 artists and groups of musicians representing over 20 countries and regions of the world. Creative Youth Festival September 22, 2022 Millennium Park www.cityofchicago.org/yocy As part of the “Year of Creative Youth”, Chicago’s first Creative Youth Festival showcases youth artists in dance, theater, music, the visual arts and more. Through performances and activities, all ages discover and celebrate the creativity and talent of rising local artists — and those helping to inspire and unlock every child’s creative potential. McCormick Tribune Ice Rink Mid-November 2022-Mid-March 2023 Millennium Park www.millenniumpark.org Have fun at the McCormick Tribune Ice Rink, a Chicago winter tradition for over a decade that draws over 100,000 skaters annually. Skating is free and open to the public, with skate rentals available for $12 (per person) Monday-Thursday and $14 Friday-Sunday and holidays. Free skating lessons are offered throughout the season. Financial support for these lessons is provided by the McDonald’s Active Lifestyles Endowment, managed by the Millennium Park Foundation. 6．The purpose of the above festivals and activities is to ________. A．make Chicago better-known to the world B．attract more and more tourists to Chicago C．raise money for the construction of Chicago D．create a livelier artistic and cultural atmosphere in Chicago 7．During the Labor Day weekend, you can go to ________. A．Creative Youth Festival B．Annual Chicago Jazz Festival C．McCormick Tribune Ice Rink D．Annual World Music Festival in Chicago 8．The second longest event is ________. A．Creative Youth Festival B．Annual Chicago Jazz Festival C．McCormick Tribune Ice Rink D．Annual World Music Festival in Chicago 9．Creative Youth Festival ________. A．is quite a new event in Chicago B．features many world-famous artists C．only attracts young people D．mainly inspires creativity through handicraft 10．For two skate rentals and one skating lesson on Christmas Day the McCormick Tribune Ice Rink will charge ________. A．$24 B．$26 C．$28 D．$52 【答案】6．D 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了芝加哥文化事务与特别活动部的职责，并列举了2022年秋冬季节芝加哥的多个节日和活动的相关信息。 6．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The Department of Cultural Affairs and Special Events (DCASE) is dedicated to increasing Chicago’s artistic and cultural vitality (活力), which includes marketing the city’s culture to a worldwide audience and presenting high-quality, free and affordable cultural programs to local citizens and visitors. The following are just a few of Chicago’s 2022 (autumn-winter) festivals and activities.(芝加哥文化事务与特别活动部（DCASE）致力于提升芝加哥的艺术和文化活力，包括向全球观众推广该市的文化，并向当地居民和游客提供高质量、免费且价格实惠的文化项目。以下仅是芝加哥2022年（秋冬）的部分节日和活动)”可知，这些节日和活动的目的是提升芝加哥的艺术文化活力，营造更活跃的艺术文化氛围。故选D项。 7．细节理解题。根据Annual Chicago Jazz Festival部分中的“As a favorite Labor Day weekend tradition, the world-class Chicago Jazz Festival showcases four stages of live performances by Chicago’s vast jazz talent alongside national and international jazz legends and artists.(作为劳动节周末最受欢迎的传统活动，世界级的芝加哥爵士音乐节设有四个舞台，展示芝加哥众多爵士人才以及国内外爵士传奇人物和艺术家的现场表演)”可知，劳动节周末期间可以参加芝加哥年度爵士音乐节。故选B项。 8．细节理解题。根据各活动时间信息：Annual Chicago Jazz Festival（8月30日-9月2日，共4天）、Annual World Music Festival in Chicago（9月7日-23日，共17天）、Creative Youth Festival（9月22日，1天）、McCormick Tribune Ice Rink（2022年11月中旬-2023年3月中旬，约4个月）可知，持续时间第二长的活动是芝加哥年度世界音乐节。故选D项。 9．细节理解题。根据Creative Youth Festival部分中的“As part of the “Year of Creative Youth”, Chicago’s first Creative Youth Festival showcases youth artists in dance, theater, music, the visual arts and more.(作为“创意青年年”的一部分，芝加哥首届创意青年节展示了青年艺术家在舞蹈、戏剧、音乐、视觉艺术等领域的才华)”可知，创意青年节是芝加哥的首个此类活动，是一项较新的活动。故选A项。 10．细节理解题。根据McCormick Tribune Ice Rink部分中的“Skating is free and open to the public, with skate rentals available for $12 (per person) Monday-Thursday and $14 Friday-Sunday and holidays. Free skating lessons are offered throughout the season.(滑冰免费向公众开放，周一至周四租冰鞋每人12美元，周五至周日及节假日每人14美元。整个赛季都提供免费滑冰课程)”可知，圣诞节属于节假日，租冰鞋每人14美元，滑冰课程免费，因此两双冰鞋的费用为14×2=28美元，加上免费课程，总费用为28美元。故选C项。 C （25-26高三上·天津河西·月考） BSJS Global Explorer offers 3-to-8-week summer overseas programmes to high school students, giving them a chance to explore destinations around the world. These adventures promise a broader worldview, new friendships, valuable skills, and even the possibility of earning college credits. Australian Wildlife Conservation Creative Writing in Literary London Step into the shoes of a conservationist in Australia! Observe unique wildlife in diverse ecosystems around Sydney with local guides, learn about human impacts on nature, and conduct fieldwork to evaluate sustainability strategies in urban coastal areas. Experience Australian culture and heritage by engaging in unique activities, such as petting kangaroos and watching sunsets over the Opera House. Write your own stories and poems while following in the footsteps of extraordinary British authors and characters! Attend workshops to develop your writing, study the classics, and explore how these works are recreated in modern media. Visit the sites that make London a centre of creativity and realize your literary ideas, adding contributions to London’s literature. Chinese Language & Culture German Engineering & Innovation Enhance your Chinese through daily language classes and expand your horizons by experiencing the urban life in Shanghai, one of China’s most lively cities. You can discover Shanghai’s integration of modern and traditional architecture, taste diverse foods, and try traditional dance. By living with a host family, you have the opportunity to form deeper connections with the local people. In Berlin, discover how companies address modern engineering challenges through expert-led classes and hands-on workshops! Visit production sites, such as car factories, and team up with other Global Explorers to propose solutions to real-world engineering problems. This experience will broaden your knowledge of engineering careers and expose you to cutting-edge innovations from Germany. 11．If Jim is interested in hands-on projects, which programme suits him best? A．Australian Wildlife Conservation B．Creative Writing in Literary London C．Chinese Language & Culture D．German Engineering & Innovation 12．How does Chinese Language & Culture help students build stronger bonds with the locals? A．By hosting speech contests. B．By arranging host family stays. C．By providing language classes. D．By offering in-depth city tours. 13．What can students do in the Australian Wildlife Conservation programme? A．Propose solutions to engineering problems. B．Carry out field research to judge urban coastal sustainability plans. C．Attend creative writing workshops with British authors. D．Experience the integration of modern and traditional architecture. 14．We can infer from the passage that the Creative Writing in Literary London programme may appeal to students who _________. A．have a keen interest in literary creation and classic works B．are fond of observing area wildlife C．want to study engineering challenges D．intend to improve area language skills 15．What is the main purpose of BSJS Global Explorer programmes? A．To train students to acquire career-related skills. B．To help students earn college credits in high school. C．To provide students with unique experiences abroad. D．To expose students to various traditional cultures and arts. 【答案】11．D 12．B 13．B 14．A 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍BSJS环球探索项目为高中生提供的四类海外暑期项目，涵盖活动内容与特色，助力学生拓展视野。 11．细节理解题。根据German Engineering & Innovation部分中的“In Berlin, discover how companies address modern engineering challenges through expert-led classes and hands-on workshops!(在柏林，通过专家授课和实践工作坊，探索企业如何应对现代工程领域的挑战)”可知，该项目包含实践工作坊，适合对实践项目感兴趣的吉姆。故选D项。 12．细节理解题。根据Chinese Language & Culture部分中的“By living with a host family, you have the opportunity to form deeper connections with the local people.(通过与寄宿家庭同住，你有机会与当地人建立更深厚的联系。)”可知，该项目通过安排寄宿家庭住宿帮助学生与当地人建立紧密联系。故选B项。 13．细节理解题。根据Australian Wildlife Conservation部分中的“Observe unique wildlife in diverse ecosystems around Sydney with local guides, learn about human impacts on nature, and conduct fieldwork to evaluate sustainability strategies in urban coastal areas.(在当地向导的带领下，观察悉尼周边多样生态系统中的独特野生动物，了解人类活动对自然的影响，并开展实地调查，评估城市沿海地区的可持续发展策略。)”可知，学生在该项目中可以开展实地研究，评判城市沿海地区的可持续发展方案。故选B项。 14．推理判断题。根据Creative Writing in Literary London部分中的“Write your own stories and poems while following in the footsteps of extraordinary British authors and characters! Attend workshops to develop your writing, study the classics, and explore how these works are recreated in modern media.(追随杰出英国作家与文学角色的脚步，创作属于自己的故事与诗歌！参加写作工作坊提升创作能力，研读经典作品，探索这些作品在现代媒体中的改编方式)”可知，该项目适合对文学创作和经典作品有浓厚兴趣的学生。故选A项。 15．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“BSJS Global Explorer offers 3-to-8-week summer overseas programmes to high school students, giving them a chance to explore destinations around the world. These adventures promise a broader worldview, new friendships, valuable skills, and even the possibility of earning college credits.(BSJS环球探索为高中生提供为期3至8周的海外暑期项目，让他们有机会探索全球各地的目的地。这些旅程有助于学生拓宽世界观、结交新朋友、习得宝贵技能，甚至还有可能获得大学学分)”以及后文对四个项目的详细介绍可知，该项目的主要目的是为学生提供独特的海外体验。故选C项。 D （25-26高三上·天津·月考） Are you interested in how marine (海洋的) ecosystems work? Do you want to know more about marine animals? Bowling Green State University (BGSU) has one of the few camps in the Midwest where high school students can explore life at sea! Camp Dates: June 8-13, 2025 What kinds of activities do campers get to do? ·Field trips to locations around Northwest Ohio to examine marine life and environments ·Hands-on activities to practice specimen (标本) collection procedures ·Design and run an experiment in our research lab ·Behind-the-scenes trip to the Toledo Zoo to learn about marine animals ·Meet professionals to learn what it means to be a marine scientist What does the cost cover? The BGSU Marine Biology camp will offer both residential and non-residential options. The cost of the non-residential program is $850, with an additional $400 fee for the residential option. The total program cost covers room and board, all materials for labs and activities as well as transportation for field trips. A 10% discount is available for early admission. Application Requirements ·Letter of recommendation ·Complete the online form ·Complete responses to short-answer questions Note: Answers to questions provided by anyone other than that applicant will disqualify the application. Application Deadlines ·March 2, 2025 — To be considered for early admission. Applicants will be informed by March 14. ·April 25, 2025 — General Application Deadline. Note: All spaces may fill after selection from the early admission deadline. 16．What does the camp offer? A．Sample gathering practice. B．Field trips to nature museums. C．Research lab membership. D．Lectures on marine knowledge. 17．What is the early admission cost for the residential option? A．$400. B．$765. C．$1,125. D．$1,250. 18．Which of the following will result in an applicant’s disqualification? A．Forgetting to confirm admission. B．Providing responses given by others. C．Missing the early application deadline. D．Failing to recommend other applicants. 19．What can we learn about the application deadlines? A．Applicants submitting on March 10 will get early admission results by March 14. B．Materials sent on April 20 guarantee a spot before the general deadline. C．Early admission applicants not selected will be notified on April 25. D．Early admission requires submission before March 2,2025. 20．Where is this passage most likely from? A．A university’s summer program webpage B．A high school marine biology textbook C．A teen’s career and education blog D．A science magazine’s marine article 【答案】16．A 17．C 18．B 19．D 20．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了鲍灵格林州立大学为高中生举办的海洋生物夏令营的相关信息，包括活动内容、费用、申请要求和截止日期等。 16．细节理解题。根据What kinds of activities do campers get to do?部分中“Hands-on activities to practice specimen (标本) collection procedures(动手实践活动，练习标本采集程序)”可知，夏令营提供样本采集实践。故选A。 17．细节理解题。根据What does the cost cover?部分中“The cost of the non-residential program is $850, with an additional $400 fee for the residential option. The total program cost covers room and board, all materials for labs and activities as well as transportation for field trips. A 10% discount is available for early admission.(非住宿项目费用为850美元，住宿选项需额外支付400美元。总项目费用涵盖食宿、所有实验和活动所需材料以及实地考察的交通费用。提前报名可享受九折优惠。)”可知，住宿项目的提前报名费用为（850+400）*90%=1125美元。故选C。 18．细节理解题。根据Application Requirements部分中“Note: Answers to questions provided by anyone other than that applicant will disqualify the application.(注意：除申请人本人以外的任何人提供的答案将使申请无效。)”可知，提供他人给出的答案会导致申请人的申请资格被取消。故选B。 19．细节理解题。根据Application Deadlines部分中“March 2, 2025 — To be considered for early admission. Applicants will be informed by March 14.(2025年3月2日——考虑提前录取。申请人将于3月14日前得到通知。)”可知，提前录取需要在2025年3月2日前提交申请。故选D。 20．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“Are you interested in how marine (海洋的) ecosystems work? Do you want to know more about marine animals? Bowling Green State University (BGSU) has one of the few camps in the Midwest where high school students can explore life at sea!(你对海洋生态系统如何运作感兴趣吗？你想了解更多关于海洋动物的知识吗？鲍灵格林州立大学（BGSU）是中西部为数不多的高中生可以探索海上生活的夏令营之一！)”可知，文章主要介绍了鲍灵格林州立大学为高中生举办的海洋生物夏令营的相关信息，包括活动内容、费用、申请要求和截止日期等。可推知，文章选自大学暑期项目网页。故选A。 刷真题 A （2026·浙江·高考真题）The City of Burlington public art program is presenting a series of temporary public art signs at the Beachway in conjunction with the Ontario Culture Days. This project will select 10 visual artists and 10 writers to create artwork that will be displayed on temporary signs along the multi-use path. This call is open to Burlington-based artists and is open to all art forms that can be presented in a sign format. This includes, but is not limited to: visual art, graphic art, photography, poetry, short story, non-fiction, etc. Submissions may be from existing or newly created work. The artist fee for this project is $400. The City of Burlington will pay for all costs related to the production, installation (安装) and maintenance of the signs.Estimated Project Timeline August 2 Call for Artists responses due By August 12 Successful artists selected; enter into a contract with the City of Burlington September 6 Final artwork files due September 23 — October 13 Artwork displayed for duration of Culture Days celebration Application Package Artwork Statement: Please provide a brief statement (maximum 150 words) outlining your artwork concept. Artwork or Writing Submission: •Visual Art Submission: Please submit an artwork sketch (草图) of your concept. This can be a work in progress rather than a completed piece. If you are proposing to use a completed artwork, please submit it as your “sketch”. •Writing Submission: Submissions must be a maximum of 250 words. It may be a stand-alone piece such as a poem or short story or a part taken from a larger piece. Artist Biography: Please provide a short introduction (maximum 50 words) to the artist written in the third person. 1．What is the purpose of this text? A．To raise money for local artists. B．To release a collection of artwork. C．To introduce a cultural festival. D．To call for artworks for a project. 2．How long will the public art signs be on display? A．Ten days. B．Three weeks. C．One month. D．Two months. 3．Which of the following meets the application requirements? A．A 150-word poem. B．A 100-word self-introduction. C．A 300-word story. D．A 200-word artwork statement. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了伯灵顿市公共艺术项目联合文化日征集本地艺术家作品，涵盖视觉与文学类型，明确报酬、时间节点及提交材料要求，作品将在指定时段展示。 1．推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“The City of Burlington public art program is presenting a series of temporary public art signs at the Beachway in conjunction with the Ontario Culture Days. This project will select 10 visual artists and 10 writers to create artwork that will be displayed on temporary signs along the multi-use path. This call is open to Burlington-based artists and is open to all art forms that can be presented in a sign format. (伯灵顿市的公共艺术项目将在贝希威亚海滩举办一系列临时公共艺术标识，与安大略文化日活动同步进行。该项目将挑选 10 名视觉艺术家和 10 名作家来创作作品，这些作品将被展示在多用途路径上的临时标识牌上。此次征集面向伯灵顿本地的艺术家，并且接受所有能够以标识形式呈现的艺术形式的投稿。)”可知，文章核心内容是伯灵顿市公共艺术项目联合安大略文化日，面向本地艺术家征集可用于标牌展示的艺术作品（包括视觉艺术和文学作品），同时明确了征集要求、时间节点、报酬及提交材料。由此可知，这篇文章的目的是为一个项目征集艺术作品。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据Estimated Project Timeline部分，作品展示时间为“September 23 — October 13 (9月23日至10月13日)”计算可知，9月剩余8天（23日 - 30日），10月展示13天，总计21天，即三周。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据Application Package中“Artwork Statement: Please provide a brief statement (maximum 150 words) outlining your artwork concept. (作品说明：请提供一份简短的说明（最多150个词），阐述您的作品理念。)”、“Writing Submission: Submissions must be a maximum of 250 words. It may be a stand-alone piece such as a poem or short story or a part taken from a larger piece. (文字投稿：投稿内容不得超过 250 个词。可以是独立的作品，比如一首诗或一篇短篇小说，也可以是从一篇较大作品中选取的一部分。)”以及“Artist Biography: Please provide a short introduction (maximum 50 words) to the artist written in the third person. (艺术家简介：请以第三人称撰写一段简短的艺术家介绍（最多50个词）。)”可知，A选项“150 词的诗歌”符合写作类作品“最多250 词”的要求，正确。BCD选项均与原文实意不符。故选A项。 B （2025·上海·高考真题）The Louis Department of Education (LDOE)’s AI integration framework (框架) is a comprehensive, responsible approach to maximizing AI’s benefits. Adopting a continuous cycle of exploration and improvement, it empowers schools to adopt AI responsibly while prioritizing student safety and future readiness. The framework aims to create a sustainable environment that improves teaching, learning, and outcomes through research, policy, community involvement, and ongoing evaluation. Purpose & Research: This component stresses setting clear goals for AI integration. It involves researching evidence-based practices, assessing AI’s benefits and challenges, and identifying tools in line with the city’s educational objectives to ensure purposeful and informed application. Evaluation & Monitoring:     This component centers on assessing the impact of AI application in educational settings. It involves tracking student progress, measuring the effectiveness of AI tools and resources, and identifying areas for improvement. Regular monitoring ensures that AI initiatives are in line with educational goals and adapt to the changing needs of students and educators. Engage Stakeholders:     Recognizing that AI integration impacts various key participants, this component emphasizes active engagement and cooperation. Stakeholders like educators, administrators, students, parents, policymakers, and community members are involved in the process to gather different perspectives, address concerns, and build support for AI initiatives. This approach promotes trust, ownership, and joint responsibility in shaping the future of AI in education. Policy & Guidance:     This component addresses the need for clear guidelines and policies that govern AI’s responsible use in educational settings. It involves developing frameworks for data privacy, ensuring access to AI resources, and establishing standards for designing and using AI tools. Policy and guidance provide a structured approach to handling the complexities of AI integration and ensuring that it follows legal and educational principles. 4．What is the framework mainly intended to do? A．Encourage students to explore AI tools. B．Prepare schools for responsible AI use. C．Improve teaching by increasing AI use. D．Guarantee student safety with AI tools. 5．What does the component “Evaluation & Monitoring” focus on? A．Examining the effects of AI use. B．Monitoring students’ use of AI. C．Assessing student development in AI. D．Locating the weakness of AI tools. 6．A school in the city of Louis is planning to introduce an AI tool to help students with learning. The teacher in charge is looking for ways to avoid the misuse of students’ personal data. Which component should the teacher mainly refer to? A．Purpose & Research B．Policy & Guidance C．Engage Stakeholders D．Evaluation & Monitoring 【答案】4．B 5．A 6．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章详细阐述了路易斯教育部门（LDOE）的AI整合框架的四个主要组成部分及其目的和作用。 4．细节理解题。根据第一段“Adopting a continuous cycle of exploration and improvement, it empowers schools to adopt AI responsibly while prioritizing student safety and future readiness.(该框架采用持续的探索和改进周期，使学校能够在优先考虑学生安全和未来准备的同时，负责任地采用AI。)”可知，该框架的主要目的是使学校为负责任地使用AI做好准备。故选B项。 5．细节理解题。根据“Evaluation & Monitoring”部分“This component centers on assessing the impact of AI application in educational settings.(这一部分主要关注评估AI在教育环境中的应用影响。)”可知，“评估与监测”部分主要关注的是评估AI在教育环境中的应用影响，即，检查AI使用的影响。故选A项。 6．推理判断题。根据“Policy & Guidance”部分“This component addresses the need for clear guidelines and policies that govern AI’s responsible use in educational settings. It involves developing frameworks for data privacy, ensuring access to AI resources, and establishing standards for designing and using AI tools.(这一部分解决了制定明确的指导方针和政策的需求，以规范AI在教育环境中的负责任使用。它涉及制定数据隐私框架，确保获得AI资源，以及为设计和使用AI工具建立标准。)”可知，如果一个学校计划引入AI工具来帮助学生，而负责的老师正在寻找避免学生个人数据被滥用方法，那么老师应该主要参考“政策与指导”部分，因为它涉及制定数据隐私框架。故选B项。 C （2025·全国一卷·高考真题）The greening of planes, trains and automobiles Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放). As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation — which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport. The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around. Each mode of transport has its specific fuel needs. Much is still to be settled, but here are some of the solutions to get us going green. PLANES — Synthetic hydrocarbonsThe hardest sector to decarbonize is aviation. One long-term option for sustainable fuel for planes is to make hydrocarbons from recycled air. CARS — BatteriesBatteries are energy-efficient and electric cars can plug into existing systems and services. New solid-state batteries will take a car farther on a single charge. TRAINS — ElectricitySome trains are already electrified through rails or wires; others can be made electric in pretty simple ways. TRUCKS — Hydrogenfuel cells Hydrogen fuel cells are a lighter choice than batteries for trucks, but making green hydrogen is expensive. SHIPS — Liquid ammoniaLiquid ammonia is easy to keep and transport, but it is hard to ignite (点燃) and requires an engine redesign. This energy transition (变革) is global, and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. It’s estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050. Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task. “We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used,” says Wipke. 7．What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018? A．11.6%. B．45.1%. C．74.5%. D．86.1%. 8．Which mode of transport can go green comparatively easily? A．Planes. B．Trucks. C．Trains. D．Ships. 9．What does Wipke suggest regarding energy transition? A．Limiting fuel consumption. B．Putting more effort into renewables. C．Improving energy efficiency. D．Making electricity more affordable. 【答案】7．C 8．C 9．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2018年不同交通方式的温室气体排放占比，以及飞机、汽车等各类交通工具的未来绿色燃料路径。 7．细节理解题。根据图表信息ROAD VEHICLES部分中“ROAD (PASSENGER) 45.1% (道路(客运)45.1%)”以及“ROAD (GOODS) 29.4% (道路(货运)29.4%)”可知，道路车辆总占比为45.1%+29.4%=74.5%，即道路车辆在2018年全球交通排放中占比74.5%。故选C项。 8．细节理解题。根据图表信息TRAINS — Electricity部分中“Some trains are already electrified through rails or wires; others can be made electric in pretty simple ways. (一些列车已经通过轨道或电线实现了电气化；其他火车可以通过非常简单的方式实现电动化)”可知，火车相较其他交通方式更易实现绿色化。故选C项。 9．细节理解题。根据最后一段中““We need to speed up the development of green energy and it will all get used,” says Wipke. (Wipke说：“我们需要加速绿色能源的开发，而且这些能源都会被利用起来。”)”可知，Wipke建议加大对可再生能源的投入，即加大对绿色能源的投入。故选B项。 D （2025·全国二卷·高考真题）English Market Towns to Visit in the UK English market towns come in many shapes and sizes. Each has a personality shaped by the goods and services produced and traded for centuries. But each town has more to do than shop. Hereford, Herefordshire Hereford has remained a lively market town since 1189. Skirting the town square, you’ll find lovely shops, eateries, and the Black and White House Museum. The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town. It’s also home to an ancient library. One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there. Ludlow, Shropshire Ludlow is known as the Foodie Center of England. Butcher shops, greengrocers, bakeries, and cheese shops line the town square. Bordering the square, the Ludlow Castle is a “must explore” medieval stronghold. The three-day Ludlow Food Festival is held each September. Shrewsbury, Shropshire Getting to Shrewsbury Town Center from London is challenging but worth the anxiety. The River Severn has a significant turn through town, almost making an island of Shrewsbury Town Center. The shape creates a perfect market where goods could be shipped and received using the river as a highway. Flowers are everywhere-hanging baskets, window boxes, and planters-just what you imagine in an attractive English market town. Mevagissey, Cornwall Even if you haven’t been to the small fishing village Mevagissey, you’ve probably seen it in a movie or British TV show. The working harbor (港口) took shape in 1774. Fishermen go out to sea daily and sell their fish in harbor-side markets. Don’t leave the harbor without a traditional Cornish pie. It’s delicious. 10．Where can you find an original copy of the Magna Carta? A．In the Ludlow Castle. B．In the Foodie Center of England. C．In the Hereford Cathedral. D．In the Black and White House Museum. 11．What is a feature of Shrewsbury Town Center? A．It’s situated near a big island. B．It’s almost surrounded by water. C．It’s known for its flower festival. D．It’s easily accessible from London. 12．What does the author suggest visitors do in Mevagissey? A．Try the Cornish pie. B．Watch a British TV show. C．Go fishing in the sea. D．Take pictures of the harbor. 【答案】10．C 11．B 12．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了英国值得一游的四个市场小镇及其特色和亮点。 10．细节理解题。根据Hereford, Herefordshire部分中“The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town. It’s also home to an ancient library. One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there. (赫里福德大教堂是镇上最令人印象深刻的建筑。它还拥有一座古老的图书馆，《大宪章》的四份原始副本之一便陈列于此)”可知，在赫里福德大教堂可以找到《大宪章》的原始副本。故选C项。 11．细节理解题。根据Shrewsbury, Shropshire部分中“The River Severn has a significant turn through town, almost making an island of Shrewsbury Town Center. The shape creates a perfect market where goods could be shipped and received using the river as a highway. (塞文河在流经小镇时出现一个明显的转弯，几乎将什鲁斯伯里镇中心变成一座孤岛。这种地形造就了一个绝佳的集市，在这里，人们可以借助这条河流作为运输通道来收发货物)”可知，什鲁斯伯里镇中心几乎被水包围。故选B项。 12．细节理解题。根据Mevagissey, Cornwall部分中“Don’t leave the harbor without a traditional Comish pie. It’s delicious. (离开港口前一定要尝尝传统的康沃尔馅饼。它很美味)”可知，作者建议游客在梅瓦吉西一定要尝尝康沃尔馅饼。故选A项。 4 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $