专题02 情态动词(should和could)（期中复习讲义）八年级英语下学期新教材人教版

专题02 情态动词（should/could）（期中复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 知识点01 should的用法 知识点02 could的用法 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 考情透视·目标导航 常考题型 内容要点 命题趋势 单项选择 语法选择 完形填空 1. 情态动词should； 2. 情态动词could； 中考情态动词 should、could 命题侧重语境运用，淡化纯语法辨析。常结合情景交际考查：should 表建议、责备；could 表委婉请求、过去能力及推测。题型多见于单项选择、语法填空、补全对话。强调在真实语境中区分语气强弱与使用场景，很少单独考定义，更注重语用得体性。 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 情态动词should的用法 　 should用来提建议时，意为“应该；应当；可以”，表达说话人的主观看法，认为做某事是合理、正确或明智的，带有一定的责任或义务意味，语气相对较强。其否定式是 shouldn't,意为“不应当；不该”。 If you have a headache, you should lie down and rest. 　　你如果头疼，应该躺下来休息。 We shouldn't spend all our money in one go. 　　我们不应该一下子把所有钱都花掉。 should的基本用法及示例 用法 示例 表示劝告、建议 You should answer the question in English. 你应该用英语回答这个问题。 表示义务、责任 We should help people in trouble. 我们应该帮助处于困境中的人们。 表示推测、判断 They should be at home now， I think.我认为，他们现在应该在家里。 用法 示例 表示惊讶、赞叹 不满等 How should I know? 我怎么会知道? 典例01 （25-26八年级上·甘肃酒泉·期中）You ________ listen to your teacher carefully in class. A．can B．should C．may D．mustn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你应该在课堂上认真听老师讲课。 考查情态动词的用法。can能够；should应该；may可能；mustn’t禁止。根据“listen to your teacher carefully in class”可知，此处建议学生在课堂上认真听老师讲课。表示建议，应用should。故选B。 典例02 （25-26八年级上·北京朝阳·期中）If you want to get along with your classmates, you ________ shout at them. A．needn’t B．can’t C．may not D．shouldn’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果你想和你的同学相处得好，你不应该对他们大喊大叫。 考查情态动词辨析。needn’t不必；can’t不能；may not可能不；shouldn’t不应该。根据“get along with your classmates”的语境，此处强调“不应该做某事”以维持良好关系。故选D。 即时检测 1．（24-25八年级下·北京·期中）You ________ lie down and have a rest because you have a cold. A．must B．mustn’t C．should D．shouldn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：因为你感冒了，你应该躺下来休息一下。 考查情态动词辨析。must必须；mustn’t禁止；should应该；shouldn’t不应该。根据“because you have a cold”可知，感冒了应该躺下来休息。这里是给出合理建议，应用should。故选C。 2．（22-23八年级下·湖北武汉·期中）—Let’s set off early tomorrow. How about 5 am? —We don’t have to get up so early. The roads ________ be less crowded on Saturday. A．should B．can’t C．need D．would 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们明天早点出发吧。早上五点怎么样？——我们不必起得这么早。星期六的路上应该不会那么拥挤。 考查动词辨析。should应该；can’t不能；need需要；would将会。根据“We don’t have to get up so early. The roads...be less crowded on Saturday.”可知，星期六的路上应该不会很拥挤，所以没有必要起床起得那么早。空处应是should，表肯定推测。故选A。 3．（24-25八年级上·河北沧州·期中）—As students, we ________ study hard at school. —You’re right. The harder we study now, the better we will be. A．should B．might C．can’t D．needn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——作为学生，我们应该在学校努力学习。——你说得对。我们现在越努力，将来就会越好。 考查情态动词辨析。should应该；might可能；can’t不能；needn’t不必。根据语境“作为学生”可知，努力学习是应尽的义务，因此用should表示“应该”。故选A。 知识点02 情态动词could的用法 could也可以用于提建议，意为“可以”，给出一种建议或可能性， 不带有强制性，语气比can 更委婉。 »You could try this new restaurant. 你可以试试这家新餐厅。 »If you're bored， you could read a book. 你如果觉得无聊，可以读本书。 could的基本用法及示例 用法 示例 提出建议 You could try reading before bed to relax.你可以试试睡前阅读来放松。 请求许可 Could we leave early today?我们今天可以早点走吗? 推测可能性 The answer couldn't be wrong. 答案不可能错。 提出请求或要求 Could you help me carry this box?你能帮我搬这个箱子吗? 典例01 （22-23八年级下·湖北武汉·期中）—You know I want to cheer up sick kids. —You ________ ask hospital to let you visit the kids. A．need B．must C．could D．would 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你知道我想让生病的孩子振作起来。——你可以要求医院允许你去看望孩子们。 考查情态动词。need需要；must必须；could能；would将会。根据“You...ask hospital to let you visit the kids.”可知是指让对方可以要求医院允许自己去看望孩子们。故选C。 典例02 （22-23八年级下·湖北武汉·期中）—I hope to work outside on weekends. —I think you ________ help to clean up the city parks. A．must B．have to C．could D．can 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我希望周末在户外工作。——我想你可以帮忙打扫城市公园。 考查情态动词。must必须；have to不得不；could可以；can能够。这是一个表建议的句子，用情态动词could。故选C。 即时检测 1．（25-26八年级上·吉林长春·期中）—My bike is broken. ________ I borrow yours? —Yes, you ________. A．Could; may B．Can; could C．Could; can D．May; could 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我的自行车坏了。我可以借你的吗？——是的，你可以。 考查情态动词辨析。Could可以，表示委婉请求；Can可以，表示能力或允许；may可以，表示允许或可能性。第一个空，根据“My bike is broken.”可知，此处是在委婉地请求借对方的自行车，所以应该用Could；第二个空，根据“Yes”可知，此处是表示允许对方借自行车，在回答以“Could”开头的疑问句时，肯定回答通常用“can”，表示“可以”。故选C。 2．You look pale. You ________ have a fever. Let’s take your temperature. A．could B．should C．have to D．would 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你脸色苍白。你可能发烧了。我们量一下体温吧。 could可能（表示可能性推测）；should应该（表示建议）；have to必须；would将要（表示意愿或过去将来）。根据前句“You look pale”及后句“Let’s take your temperature”可知，这是对对方状况的推测，表示“可能”发烧，应用could表示可能性，应填could。 3．—Simon, you swim so well. Did you learn to swim when you were a child? — Oh. The fact is that I _________ swim until I was twenty. A．needn’t B．shouldn’t C．couldn’t D．mustn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——西蒙，你游泳游得这么好。你小时候就学会游泳了吗？——哦。事实是我直到二十岁才会游泳。 needn’t不需要；shouldn’t不应该；couldn’t不能；mustn’t禁止。根据“until I was twenty”可知，此处考查“not...until...”结构，意为“直到……才……”。结合语境表示过去没有游泳的能力，应用couldn’t。 考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 1．—Tom, you ________ cross the road when the traffic light is red. You ________ follow the traffic rules. —OK, I will. A．can’t; shouldn’t B．mustn’t; should C．can; should D．shouldn’t; can 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——汤姆，红灯时你禁止过马路。你应该遵守交通规则。——好的，我会的。 can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t禁止；should应该；can能。根据“...cross the road when the traffic light is red. You...follow the traffic rules.”可知，红灯时禁止过马路，应该遵守交通规则，所以第一空用mustn’t，第二空用should。 2．Jack has a cold. He________ lie down and have a rest. A．can B．can’t C．should D．shouldn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：杰克感冒了。他应该躺下休息。 can能；can’t不能；should应该；shouldn’t不应该。根据“Jack has a cold.”可知，杰克生病了，此处是给出建议，认为他应该休息。应填should。 3．—I feel stressed out because of too much homework. —You ________ listen to some light music. It can make you relaxed. A．should B．mustn’t C．can’t D．needn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——因为作业太多我感到压力很大。——你应该听一些轻音乐。它能让你放松。 should应该；mustn’t禁止；can’t不能；needn’t不必。根据“I feel stressed out”和“It can make you relaxed.”可知，此处是给对方提出积极的建议，应用should。 4．You ________ eat too much junk food. It’s bad for your stomach. A．should B．shouldn’t C．need D．needn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你不应该吃太多垃圾食品。这对你的胃有害。 should应该；shouldn’t不应该；need需要；needn’t不必。根据“It’s bad for your stomach.”可知，吃太多垃圾食品对胃不好，因此建议不应该吃太多，应填shouldn’t。 5．—Mum, do you think I _________ take part in the Chemistry competition? — Why not? If I were in your shoes, I certainly would. A．might B．would C．should D．must 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——妈妈，你认为我应该参加化学比赛吗？——为什么不呢？如果我是你的话，我一定会的。 考查情态动词用法。might可能；would会；should应该；must必须。根据“If I were in your shoes, I certainly would.” 可推断出前句询问是否“应该”做某事，因此should符合句意。故选C。 6．He took his umbrella to go out so he ______ get wet. A．must B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．should 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他带了雨伞出去，所以他应该不会被淋湿。 考查情态动词。must必须；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该；should应该。根据“He took his umbrella to go out”可知，出去带伞了，所以应该不会被淋湿，故选C。 7．—Will Dad be back home at 6 o’clock this evening? —He ________, but he may not. Sometimes he exercises after work. A．should B．must C．need D．can 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——爸爸今天晚上6点回家吗？——他应该回，但他可能不会。有时他下班后锻炼。 考查情态动词辨析。should应该；must必须；need需要；can可以。根据“but he may not. Sometimes he exercises after work”可知，正常情况下爸爸应该会在晚上6点回家，但他有时下班后锻炼，所以6点可能不会回来。故选A。 8．—Dad, I want to buy a new car. ________ you please lend me some money? —No way! There’s nothing wrong with it. You ________ keep using it until it really needs to be replaced. A．Could; should B．Should; must C．Must; should D．Could; mustn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——爸爸，我想买辆新车。你能借我一些钱吗？——没门！它没什么毛病。你应该继续使用它，直到它真的需要更换为止。 第一空表示委婉请求，常用“Could you please...?”结构；第二空根据“There’s nothing wrong with it.”可知父亲建议孩子继续使用旧车，should表示“应该”，符合语境。 9．—Should I take some medicine for my cold? —Yes, you ________. And you should have a good rest. A．can B．must C．should D．may 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我应该吃点药治感冒吗？——是的，你应该。并且你应该好好休息。 can能；must必须；should应该；may可能。问句是由Should引导的一般疑问句，用于征求建议，肯定回答通常也用should以保持语气一致，且后文“And you should have a good rest.”也提供了语境提示，应填should。 10．—We are going to visit the National Museum of China. —Great! We ________ follow some rules there so that others can enjoy their visit. A．should B．may C．have to D．could 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们打算去参观中国国家博物馆。——太好了！我们应该遵守那里的一些规则，以便他人也能享受参观。 考查情态动词辨析。should应该；may可能；have to不得不；could可以。根据语境“so that others can enjoy their visit”可知，为了让他人也能享受参观，我们应该遵守规则，这是表达一种责任或建议，而非强制或可能性。故选A。 11．After hours of climbing, Jenny was so tired that she ________ stand up. A．couldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：爬了几个小时的山后，珍妮累得站不起来。 couldn’t不能；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不需要；shouldn’t不应该。根据前半句“so tired”可知，她累得“无法”站起来，应选表示能力的couldn’t。 12．He ________ afford the ticket to the concert, so he had to give up. A．couldn’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．wouldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他买不起音乐会的票，所以不得不放弃。 考查情态动词辨析。couldn’t不能；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该；wouldn’t不会。根据“so he had to give up”可知，他放弃了，因此是“买不起”票。故选A。 13．—I have a really bad toothache. What should I do? —You should see the dentist and get an X-ray. You ________ eat some soft food for now. A．needn’t B．shouldn’t C．could D．couldn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我牙疼得厉害。我该怎么办？——你应该去看牙医并拍个X光片。你现在可以吃些软的食物。 考查情态动词辨析。needn’t不需要；shouldn’t不应该；could可以；couldn’t不能。根据语境，牙疼时应去看医生，而吃软食物是暂时缓解疼痛的建议，是一种可行的选择，因此用could表示“可以”更合适。故选C。 14．— I’m feeling so stressed about the exam tomorrow. — You ________ take a deep breath and relax. Everything will be fine. A．shouldn’t B．could C．can’t D．mustn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我对明天的考试感到压力很大。——你可以深呼吸放松一下。一切都会好起来的。 考查情态动词辨析。shouldn’t不应该；could可以；can’t不能；mustn’t禁止。根据“take a deep breath and relax”可知，此处是给出建议，表示“可以”做某事来缓解压力，语气委婉。故选B。 15．—Lucy is angry with me. What should I do? —Maybe you ________ write a letter to say sorry to her. A．could B．couldn’t C．must D．mustn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——露西生我的气了。我该怎么办？——也许你可以写封信向她道歉。 考查情态动词。could可以；couldn’t不能；must必须；mustn’t禁止。根据“write a letter to say sorry to her.”可知，此处是说“可以”写封信向她道歉。故选A。 16．—________ I borrow your guidebook about natural wonders? —Sure, but please return it next week. A．Must B．Should C．Could D．Need 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我可以借一下你那本关于自然奇观的指南书吗？——当然可以，但请下周归还。 Must必须；Should应该；Could可以；Need需要。根据答语“Sure”可知，此处是委婉地向对方请求许可，需用Could。 17．________ you please help me with my English? A．Must B．Should C．Could D．Need 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你能帮我学英语吗？ Must必须；Should应该；Could能；Need需要。根据语境可知，这里是在提出一个请求，即询问对方是否“能”帮助自己学英语，应填Could，用于礼貌地提出请求或询问可能性。 18．You look pale. You _______ see a doctor. A．could B．should C．would D．A and B 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你脸色苍白。你应该去看医生。 could可以；should应该；would将会。脸色苍白，所以“应该”去看医生，“could”在这里也符合语境，表示一种建议的可能性，即“可以”去看医生，应填could/should。 19．My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared. Who ______ have taken it? A．should B．must C．could D．would 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的英汉词典不见了。谁会拿走它呢？ 考查动词辨析。should应该；must一定；could可能；would将。根据“Who…have taken it?”可知，此处询问谁会拿走字典，应用could，表示推测。故选C。 20．—Listen! Is Bruce singing in the class? —It ________ be him. But I’m not sure. A．need B．could C．must D．would 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——听着！布鲁斯正在班上唱歌吗？——可能是他。但我不确定。 考查情态动词表推测。need需要；could可能；must一定；would愿意，将要。根据“But I’m not sure.”可知，此处说话人不确定是不是布鲁斯。空处应用could表示“可能是他”。故选B。 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） （25-26八年级上·广东广州·期中）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Last Sunday, our school organized a “Clean the Park” activity. All the students in our class took part in it with great enthusiasm. We gathered at the school gate 1 eight in the morning, and everyone was in high spirits. The park wasn’t far from our school, so it took us about 2 minutes to reach there. When we arrived, volunteers were already working 3 to collect rubbish scattered around. Our teacher divided us into groups. My group was assigned to clear the lakeside area. The work was quite tiring, but 4 of us wanted to give up. We all believed we were doing 5 meaningful. While we were working, we noticed several children throwing bottles into the lake. We politely told them to stop, explaining that they 6 respect and protect nature as well. To our delight, they soon joined us in cleaning. After two hours, the park looked much 7 than before. The flowers seemed brighter, and the fresh air filled us with energy. Our teacher then asked us to write down 8 short reflections on the experience. She said it was essential to think about what we had learned. I wrote that teamwork could make 9 difference. Before leaving, we took 10 walk around the park to enjoy the peaceful scenery. There was a smile of satisfaction on everyone’s face. It was truly one of 11 unforgettable days I’ve ever had, and we agreed to organize another activity 12 next month. Our teacher reminded us to put rubbish into bins 13 we visited public places. She also encouraged us 14 take care of nature as we take care of ourselves. When I got home, my parents were proud of me. “Good job,” Dad said, “I believe you all 15 a lot from this activity yesterday.” 1．A．at B．in C．on D．by 2．A．twenty B．twentieth C．the twenty D．the twentieth 3．A．hardly B．hard C．carefully D．strongly 4．A．none B．neither C．all D．both 5．A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 6．A．can B．may C．must D．should 7．A．clean B．cleaner C．cleanest D．the cleanest 8．A．her B．their C．our D．ours 9．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 10．A．a two-hour B．two hours C．the two-hour D．an two-hours 11．A．more B．most C．the more D．the most 12．A．on B．in C．at D．for 13．A．unless B．although C．while D．when 14．A．to B．not C．don’t D．to not 15．A．learn B．learned C．have learned D．learning 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．A 11．D 12．D 13．D 14．A 15．C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，详细介绍了学校组织的“清洁公园”志愿活动的全过程，包括活动准备、具体行动、学生互动、活动成果以及个人感悟，并传递了环保与团队合作的积极价值观。 1．句意：我们早上八点在学校门口集合，每个人都情绪高涨。 at通常用于表示某一具体的时刻或时间点；in表示较长的时间范围，如周、月、季度、年、世纪等；on用于强调一天之内的时间段，如某日、星期几、日期、某日的上午或下午；by通常与表示时间点的词语连用，表示在某个时间点之前完成某个动作或达到某个状态。根据“We gathered at the school gate...eight in the morning”可知，此处表示在早上八点在学校门口集合，用介词at。故选A。 2．句意：公园离我们学校不远，所以我们花了大约二十分钟到达那里。 twenty二十，基数词；twentieth第二十，序数词；the twenty表述错误；the twentieth第二十，序数词前加定冠词the。根据“minutes”可知，此处表示数量，用基数词twenty。故选A。 3．句意：当我们到达时，志愿者们已经在努力收集散落在周围的垃圾了。 hardly几乎不；hard努力地；carefully仔细地；strongly强烈地。根据“volunteers were already working...to collect rubbish scattered around”可知，志愿者们努力收集垃圾，work hard“努力工作”。故选B。 4．句意：这项工作很累人，但我们谁也不想放弃。 none没有一个，用于三者或三者以上；neither两者都不；all三者或三者以上都；both两者都。根据“The work was quite tiring, but...of us wanted to give up”可知，工作很累人，但没有人想放弃，此处表示三者或三者以上，用none。故选A。 5．句意：我们都相信我们正在做一些有意义的事情。 something某事，某物，用于肯定句；anything任何事物，用于否定句或疑问句；nothing没有什么；everything一切。根据“We all believed we were doing...meaningful”可知，此处表示我们正在做一些有意义的事情，句子为肯定句，用something。故选A。 6．句意：我们礼貌地告诉他们停下来，并解释说他们也应该尊重和保护自然。 can可以；may可能；must必须；should应该。根据“We politely told them to stop, explaining that they...respect and protect nature as well”可知，此处表示他们也应该尊重和保护自然，用should。故选D。 7．句意：两个小时后，公园看起来比以前干净多了。 clean干净的，形容词原级；cleaner更干净的，形容词比较级；cleanest最干净的，形容词最高级；the cleanest最干净的，形容词最高级前加定冠词the。根据“than before”可知，此处表示公园看起来比以前干净多了，用形容词比较级cleaner。故选B。 8．句意：然后老师让我们写下我们对这次经历的简短反思。 her她的，形容词性物主代词；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；our我们的，形容词性物主代词；ours我们的，名词性物主代词。根据“Our teacher then asked us to write down...short reflections on the experience”可知，此处表示老师让我们写下我们对这次经历的简短反思，修饰名词用形容词性物主代词our。故选C。 9．句意：我写道，团队合作可以产生很大的影响。 a不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表示特指；/不填。根据“I wrote that teamwork could make...difference”可知，此处表示团队合作可以产生很大的影响，make a difference“产生影响”，固定短语，difference以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故选A。 10．句意：离开前，我们在公园里散步了两小时，欣赏宁静的景色。 a two-hour一个两小时的，复合形容词；two hours两小时，名词短语；the two-hour表述错误；an two-hours表述错误。根据“we took...walk around the park”可知，此处表示我们在公园里散步了两小时，用复合形容词a two-hour修饰名词walk。故选A。 11．句意：这真是我有过的最难忘的日子之一，我们同意下个月再组织一次活动。 more更多；most最多；the more更……的；the most最……的。根据“It was truly one of...unforgettable days I’ve ever had”可知，此处表示这真是我有过的最难忘的日子之一，one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数“最……的……之一”，固定句型，用形容词最高级the most。故选D。 12．句意：这真是我有过的最难忘的日子之一，我们同意下个月再组织一次活动。 on用于强调一天之内的时间段，如某日、星期几、日期、某日的上午或下午；in表示较长的时间范围，如周、月、季度、年、世纪等；at通常用于表示某一具体的时刻或时间点；for为了。根据“we agreed to organize another activity...next month”可知，此处表示我们同意下个月再组织一次活动。故选D。 13．句意：我们的老师提醒我们在参观公共场所时要将垃圾扔进垃圾桶。 unless除非；although尽管；while当……时候，后加进行时；when当……时候，后加一般时。根据“Our teacher reminded us to put rubbish into bins...we visited public places”可知，此处表示老师提醒我们在参观公共场所时要将垃圾扔进垃圾桶，从句为一般过去时，用when引导时间状语从句。故选D。 14．句意：她还鼓励我们要像照顾自己一样照顾自然。 to动词不定式符号；not不；don’t不，助动词；to not表述错误。根据“She also encouraged us...take care of nature as we take care of ourselves”可知，此处表示她还鼓励我们要像照顾自己一样照顾自然，encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”，固定短语，用动词不定式to。故选A。 15．句意：我相信你们从昨天的活动中都学到了很多。 learn学习，动词原形；learned学习，动词过去式；have learned学习，现在完成时；learning学习，动名词或现在分词。根据“I believe you all...a lot from this activity yesterday”可知，此处表示我相信你们从昨天的活动中都学到了很多，从句中有时间状语yesterday，且对现在有影响，用现在完成时have learned。故选C。 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 1．（2024·西藏·中考真题）You ________ eat too much food before you go to bed, or it’s bad for you. A．can B．could C．shouldn’t D．would 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你不应该在睡觉前吃太多的食物，否则对你的身体不好。 考查情态动词辨析。can 可以；could可以；shouldn’t不应该；would将会。根据“or it’s bad for you”可知，此处建议睡觉前不要吃太多的食物，故选C。 2．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Shh… ! This is a library. You ________ keep your voice down. A．can B．can’t C．should D．shouldn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：嘘……！这里是图书馆。你应该小点声。 考查情态动词辨析和should表示建议。can能；can’t不能；should应该；shouldn’t不应该。根据“This is a library. You...keep your voice down.”可知，此处是建议小点声，故选C。 3．（2023·湖北黄石·中考真题）Young Chinese people ________ keep the motherland at heart, aim high, and have their feet firmly on the ground. A．should B．can C．may D．need 【答案】A 【详解】句意：中国青年要胸怀祖国，志存高远，脚踏实地。 考查情态动词。should应该；can能够；may可以；need需要。根据“Young Chinese people ....keep the motherland at heart...”可知，此处是建议中国青年应该做什么，故选A。 4．（2023·湖北武汉·中考真题）—Excuse me, but we ________ wait in line to get on the subway. —I’m sorry. A．might B．would C．could D．should 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——对不起，我们应该排队上地铁。——我很抱歉。 考查情态动词辨析。might可以；would将；could可以；should应该。根据“but we …wait in line to get on the subway”可知，应该排队上地铁，故选D。 5．（2023·江苏连云港·中考真题）Earthquakes can be very dangerous. We ________ learn to protect ourselves. A．might B．should C．could D．would 【答案】B 【详解】句意：地震可能非常危险。我们应该学会保护自己。 考查情态动词。might可能；should应该；could能；would将。根据“We...learn to protect ourselves.”可知此处是表示建议，我们应该学会保护自己，故选B。 6．（2022·江苏镇江·中考真题）—I don’t care what Kate thinks. —Well, you _______. Her suggestions are of some value. A．would B．should C．might D．could 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我不管凯特怎么想。——嗯，你应该（听听凯特的建议）。她的建议有些价值。 考查情态动词。would将要；should应该；might可能；could能够。根据“Her suggestions are of some value.”可知此处是指建议对方应该听听凯特的建议，should符合语境，故选B。 7．（2022·江苏常州·中考真题）To achieve our dream, we ________ rest on what we have done. A．may not B．should not C．need not D．could not 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了实现我们的梦想，我们不应该依靠我们已经做了的。 考查动词辨析。may not也许不；should not不应该；need not不需要；could not不能。根据“To achieve our dream, we...rest on what we have done.”可知，此处表示建议，不应该依靠我们已经做了的，故选B。 8．（2022·贵州黔东南·中考真题）When our parents become too old to take care of themselves one day, they __________ be looked after well by us. A．should B．shouldn’t C．may D．may not 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当我们的父母有一天老得不能照顾自己时，我们应该好好照顾他们。 考查情态动词。should应该；shouldn’t不应该；may可能；may not可能不。根据“When our parents become too old to take care of themselves one day, they … be looked after well by us”可知，当父母老去那一天，我们应该照顾他们，这是我们的责任和义务，故选A。 9．（2021·四川资阳·中考真题）—Lucy, could you give me some suggestions on reading? —OK. My first suggestion is that you ________ have a good reading habit. A．will B．can C．might D．should 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——露西，你能不能给我一些阅读上的建议？——好的。我的第一个建议是你应该有一个良好的阅读习惯。 考查情态动词辨析。will将会；can能、会；might可能；should应该。根据主语“My first suggestion”可知，应是你应该有良好的阅读习惯，表示对别人提出建议。故选D。 10．（2021·湖南株洲·中考真题）We ________ carry forward the spirit of serving the people whole-heartedly. A．might B．should C．could 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们要发扬全心全意为人民服务的精神。 考查情态动词辨析。might可能；should应该；could可能，能够。根据“We … carry forward the spirit of serving the people whole-heartedly”可知，应该发扬这种精神，用should表示责任和义务，故选B。 11．（2025·甘肃白银·中考真题）________ you turn down the TV, please? I’m trying to work. A．Could B．Must C．Might D．Should 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你能把电视音量调低吗？我正在工作。 考查情态动词。Could可以；Must必须；Might可能；Should应该。根据“...you turn down the TV, please?”可知，此处表示请求，应用could。故选A。 12．（2023·辽宁抚顺·中考真题）The lovely boy ________ ride the bike at the age of six. A．must B．could C．need D．should 【答案】B 【详解】句意：那个可爱的男孩在6岁时就会骑自行车了。 考查动词辨析。must必须；could可以；need需要；should应该。根据“at the age of six”可知该句应用情态动词could表示“过去的能力”。故选B。 13．（2023·四川达州·中考真题）—Jack, could you please help me take out the trash? —Sorry, І ________, mom. I ________ my homework now. A．couldn’t, am doing B．can’t, am doing C．can’t, do 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——杰克，你能帮我倒垃圾吗？——对不起，我不能，妈妈。我现在正在做作业。 考查情态动词及动词时态。对“could you please…”的肯定回答是Yes, I can，否定回答是Sorry, I can’t。根据“now”可知，“我”现在正在做作业，应为现在进行时。故选B。 14．（2022·辽宁大连·中考真题）—Wilson, ________ you help me carry the box upstairs? —Sure, no problem. A．could B．need C．should D．might 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——威尔逊，你能帮我把箱子搬上楼吗？——好的，没问题。 考查动词辨析。could能；need需要；should应该；might可以。根据“Sure, no problem.”可知，此处是寻求对方帮助，应使用委婉语气，用could。故选A。 15．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—Do you like poems? —Yes. I ________ read poems when I was 5. A．must B．can C．could 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你喜欢诗歌吗？——是的。我五岁的时候就可以读诗了。 考查情态动词。must必须；can能；could能够。根据“ I...read poems when I was 5.”可知是指五岁时就有读诗的能力，且用过去式，故选C。 16．（2022·四川雅安·中考真题）—Excuse me. _______ I sit here? —You’d better not. It’s the man’s seat. A．Must B．Need C．Could D．Should 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——打扰一下。我可以坐在这吗？——你最好不要。这是那个男人的座位。 考查情态动词辨析。must必须；need需要；could可以；should应该。根据“I sit here”可知，这是表示请求允许的一句话，此空应填could，故选C。 17．（2021·辽宁盘锦·中考真题）My car is broken. ________ you please give me a lift? A．Must B．Need C．Should D．Could 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的车坏了。你能让我搭个便车吗？ 考查情态动词。Must必须；Need需要；Should应该；Could可以。根据“My car is broken.”可知车坏了，请求搭便车，用Could you please ...?句型表示请求。故选D。 18．（25-26八年级上·吉林·期中）— Mum, ________ I play football this afternoon? — Sure, but you ________ finish your homework first. A．could; must B．may; could C．could; can 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我今天下午可以踢足球吗？——当然，但你必须先完成你的作业。 考查情态动词辨析。could可以；must必须；may可以；can能够。第一空表示请求允许，用could或may；第二空表示义务或必要性，必须完成作业，用must。故选A。 19．（25-26七年级上·黑龙江绥化·期中）—________ I hang out with my friends after school? —I’m sorry you ________. A．Could；can’t B．Must；can’t C．Could；shouldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——放学后我能和朋友们出去玩吗？——对不起，你不能。 考查情态动词辨析。Could能，表示请求；can’t不能；Must必须；can’t不能；Could能；shouldn’t不应该。第一空询问许可，需用表示礼貌请求的情态动词Could；第二空回应拒绝，需用can’t直接表示不允许。故选A。 20．（25-26八年级上·四川广元·期中）—_________ I watch TV, Dad? —Sorry, you _________. You must finish your homework first. A．Could; couldn’t B．Could; can’t C．Can; don’t D．Could; could 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——爸爸，我能看电视吗？——抱歉，你不能。你必须先完成作业。 考查情态动词。Could可以；Can能，可以；couldn’t不可以；can’t不可以；don’t不要。“Could I...?”常用于表示委婉请求；根据“Sorry”以及“You must finish your homework first.”可知，此处为否定回答，Could引导的委婉请求，否定回答用can’t。故选B。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 情态动词（should/could）（期中复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 知识点01 should的用法 知识点02 could的用法 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 考情透视·目标导航 常考题型 内容要点 命题趋势 单项选择 语法选择 完形填空 1. 情态动词should； 2. 情态动词could； 中考情态动词 should、could 命题侧重语境运用，淡化纯语法辨析。常结合情景交际考查：should 表建议、责备；could 表委婉请求、过去能力及推测。题型多见于单项选择、语法填空、补全对话。强调在真实语境中区分语气强弱与使用场景，很少单独考定义，更注重语用得体性。 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 情态动词should的用法 　 should用来提建议时，意为“应该；应当；可以”，表达说话人的主观看法，认为做某事是合理、正确或明智的，带有一定的责任或义务意味，语气相对较强。其否定式是 shouldn't,意为“不应当；不该”。 If you have a headache, you should lie down and rest. 　　你如果头疼，应该躺下来休息。 We shouldn't spend all our money in one go. 　　我们不应该一下子把所有钱都花掉。 should的基本用法及示例 用法 示例 表示劝告、建议 You should answer the question in English. 你应该用英语回答这个问题。 表示义务、责任 We should help people in trouble. 我们应该帮助处于困境中的人们。 表示推测、判断 They should be at home now， I think.我认为，他们现在应该在家里。 用法 示例 表示惊讶、赞叹 不满等 How should I know? 我怎么会知道? 典例01 （25-26八年级上·甘肃酒泉·期中）You ________ listen to your teacher carefully in class. A．can B．should C．may D．mustn’t 典例02 （25-26八年级上·北京朝阳·期中）If you want to get along with your classmates, you ________ shout at them. A．needn’t B．can’t C．may not D．shouldn’t 即时检测 1．（24-25八年级下·北京·期中）You ________ lie down and have a rest because you have a cold. A．must B．mustn’t C．should D．shouldn’t 2．（22-23八年级下·湖北武汉·期中）—Let’s set off early tomorrow. How about 5 am? —We don’t have to get up so early. The roads ________ be less crowded on Saturday. A．should B．can’t C．need D．would 3．（24-25八年级上·河北沧州·期中）—As students, we ________ study hard at school. —You’re right. The harder we study now, the better we will be. A．should B．might C．can’t D．needn’t 知识点02 情态动词could的用法 could也可以用于提建议，意为“可以”，给出一种建议或可能性， 不带有强制性，语气比can 更委婉。 »You could try this new restaurant. 你可以试试这家新餐厅。 »If you're bored， you could read a book. 你如果觉得无聊，可以读本书。 could的基本用法及示例 用法 示例 提出建议 You could try reading before bed to relax.你可以试试睡前阅读来放松。 请求许可 Could we leave early today?我们今天可以早点走吗? 推测可能性 The answer couldn't be wrong. 答案不可能错。 提出请求或要求 Could you help me carry this box?你能帮我搬这个箱子吗? 典例01 （22-23八年级下·湖北武汉·期中）—You know I want to cheer up sick kids. —You ________ ask hospital to let you visit the kids. A．need B．must C．could D．would 典例02 （22-23八年级下·湖北武汉·期中）—I hope to work outside on weekends. —I think you ________ help to clean up the city parks. A．must B．have to C．could D．can 即时检测 1．（25-26八年级上·吉林长春·期中）—My bike is broken. ________ I borrow yours? —Yes, you ________. A．Could; may B．Can; could C．Could; can D．May; could 2．You look pale. You ________ have a fever. Let’s take your temperature. A．could B．should C．have to D．would 3．—Simon, you swim so well. Did you learn to swim when you were a child? — Oh. The fact is that I _________ swim until I was twenty. A．needn’t B．shouldn’t C．couldn’t D．mustn’t 考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 1．—Tom, you ________ cross the road when the traffic light is red. You ________ follow the traffic rules. —OK, I will. A．can’t; shouldn’t B．mustn’t; should C．can; should D．shouldn’t; can 2．Jack has a cold. He________ lie down and have a rest. A．can B．can’t C．should D．shouldn’t 3．—I feel stressed out because of too much homework. —You ________ listen to some light music. It can make you relaxed. A．should B．mustn’t C．can’t D．needn’t 4．You ________ eat too much junk food. It’s bad for your stomach. A．should B．shouldn’t C．need D．needn’t 5．—Mum, do you think I _________ take part in the Chemistry competition? — Why not? If I were in your shoes, I certainly would. A．might B．would C．should D．must 6．He took his umbrella to go out so he ______ get wet. A．must B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．should 7．—Will Dad be back home at 6 o’clock this evening? —He ________, but he may not. Sometimes he exercises after work. A．should B．must C．need D．can 8．—Dad, I want to buy a new car. ________ you please lend me some money? —No way! There’s nothing wrong with it. You ________ keep using it until it really needs to be replaced. A．Could; should B．Should; must C．Must; should D．Could; mustn’t 9．—Should I take some medicine for my cold? —Yes, you ________. And you should have a good rest. A．can B．must C．should D．may 10．—We are going to visit the National Museum of China. —Great! We ________ follow some rules there so that others can enjoy their visit. A．should B．may C．have to D．could 11．After hours of climbing, Jenny was so tired that she ________ stand up. A．couldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t 12．He ________ afford the ticket to the concert, so he had to give up. A．couldn’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．wouldn’t 13．—I have a really bad toothache. What should I do? —You should see the dentist and get an X-ray. You ________ eat some soft food for now. A．needn’t B．shouldn’t C．could D．couldn’t 14．— I’m feeling so stressed about the exam tomorrow. — You ________ take a deep breath and relax. Everything will be fine. A．shouldn’t B．could C．can’t D．mustn’t 15．—Lucy is angry with me. What should I do? —Maybe you ________ write a letter to say sorry to her. A．could B．couldn’t C．must D．mustn’t 16．—________ I borrow your guidebook about natural wonders? —Sure, but please return it next week. A．Must B．Should C．Could D．Need 17．________ you please help me with my English? A．Must B．Should C．Could D．Need 18．You look pale. You _______ see a doctor. A．could B．should C．would D．A and B 19．My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared. Who ______ have taken it? A．should B．must C．could D．would 20．—Listen! Is Bruce singing in the class? —It ________ be him. But I’m not sure. A．need B．could C．must D．would 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） （25-26八年级上·广东广州·期中）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Last Sunday, our school organized a “Clean the Park” activity. All the students in our class took part in it with great enthusiasm. We gathered at the school gate 1 eight in the morning, and everyone was in high spirits. The park wasn’t far from our school, so it took us about 2 minutes to reach there. When we arrived, volunteers were already working 3 to collect rubbish scattered around. Our teacher divided us into groups. My group was assigned to clear the lakeside area. The work was quite tiring, but 4 of us wanted to give up. We all believed we were doing 5 meaningful. While we were working, we noticed several children throwing bottles into the lake. We politely told them to stop, explaining that they 6 respect and protect nature as well. To our delight, they soon joined us in cleaning. After two hours, the park looked much 7 than before. The flowers seemed brighter, and the fresh air filled us with energy. Our teacher then asked us to write down 8 short reflections on the experience. She said it was essential to think about what we had learned. I wrote that teamwork could make 9 difference. Before leaving, we took 10 walk around the park to enjoy the peaceful scenery. There was a smile of satisfaction on everyone’s face. It was truly one of 11 unforgettable days I’ve ever had, and we agreed to organize another activity 12 next month. Our teacher reminded us to put rubbish into bins 13 we visited public places. She also encouraged us 14 take care of nature as we take care of ourselves. When I got home, my parents were proud of me. “Good job,” Dad said, “I believe you all 15 a lot from this activity yesterday.” 1．A．at B．in C．on D．by 2．A．twenty B．twentieth C．the twenty D．the twentieth 3．A．hardly B．hard C．carefully D．strongly 4．A．none B．neither C．all D．both 5．A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 6．A．can B．may C．must D．should 7．A．clean B．cleaner C．cleanest D．the cleanest 8．A．her B．their C．our D．ours 9．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 10．A．a two-hour B．two hours C．the two-hour D．an two-hours 11．A．more B．most C．the more D．the most 12．A．on B．in C．at D．for 13．A．unless B．although C．while D．when 14．A．to B．not C．don’t D．to not 15．A．learn B．learned C．have learned D．learning 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 1．（2024·西藏·中考真题）You ________ eat too much food before you go to bed, or it’s bad for you. A．can B．could C．shouldn’t D．would 2．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Shh… ! This is a library. You ________ keep your voice down. A．can B．can’t C．should D．shouldn’t 3．（2023·湖北黄石·中考真题）Young Chinese people ________ keep the motherland at heart, aim high, and have their feet firmly on the ground. A．should B．can C．may D．need 4．（2023·湖北武汉·中考真题）—Excuse me, but we ________ wait in line to get on the subway. —I’m sorry. A．might B．would C．could D．should 5．（2023·江苏连云港·中考真题）Earthquakes can be very dangerous. We ________ learn to protect ourselves. A．might B．should C．could D．would 6．（2022·江苏镇江·中考真题）—I don’t care what Kate thinks. —Well, you _______. Her suggestions are of some value. A．would B．should C．might D．could 7．（2022·江苏常州·中考真题）To achieve our dream, we ________ rest on what we have done. A．may not B．should not C．need not D．could not 8．（2022·贵州黔东南·中考真题）When our parents become too old to take care of themselves one day, they __________ be looked after well by us. A．should B．shouldn’t C．may D．may not 9．（2021·四川资阳·中考真题）—Lucy, could you give me some suggestions on reading? —OK. My first suggestion is that you ________ have a good reading habit. A．will B．can C．might D．should 10．（2021·湖南株洲·中考真题）We ________ carry forward the spirit of serving the people whole-heartedly. A．might B．should C．could 11．（2025·甘肃白银·中考真题）________ you turn down the TV, please? I’m trying to work. A．Could B．Must C．Might D．Should 12．（2023·辽宁抚顺·中考真题）The lovely boy ________ ride the bike at the age of six. A．must B．could C．need D．should 13．（2023·四川达州·中考真题）—Jack, could you please help me take out the trash? —Sorry, І ________, mom. I ________ my homework now. A．couldn’t, am doing B．can’t, am doing C．can’t, do 14．（2022·辽宁大连·中考真题）—Wilson, ________ you help me carry the box upstairs? —Sure, no problem. A．could B．need C．should D．might 15．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—Do you like poems? —Yes. I ________ read poems when I was 5. A．must B．can C．could 16．（2022·四川雅安·中考真题）—Excuse me. _______ I sit here? —You’d better not. It’s the man’s seat. A．Must B．Need C．Could D．Should 17．（2021·辽宁盘锦·中考真题）My car is broken. ________ you please give me a lift? A．Must B．Need C．Should D．Could 18．（25-26八年级上·吉林·期中）— Mum, ________ I play football this afternoon? — Sure, but you ________ finish your homework first. A．could; must B．may; could C．could; can 19．（25-26七年级上·黑龙江绥化·期中）—________ I hang out with my friends after school? —I’m sorry you ________. A．Could；can’t B．Must；can’t C．Could；shouldn’t 20．（25-26八年级上·四川广元·期中）—_________ I watch TV, Dad? —Sorry, you _________. You must finish your homework first. A．Could; couldn’t B．Could; can’t C．Can; don’t D．Could; could 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $