专题01 动词不定式（期中复习讲义）八年级英语下学期新教材人教版

专题01 动词不定式（期中复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 知识点01 动词不定式作状语 知识点02 动词不定式作宾语补足语 知识点03 动词不定式作主语 知识点04 动词不定式作宾语 知识点05 动词不定式作表语 知识点06 动词不定式作定语 知识点07 疑问词+动词不定式 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 考情透视·目标导航 常考题型 内容要点 命题趋势 单项选择 语法选择 完形填空 语法填空 1. 动词不定式作状语； 2. 动词不定式作宾补； 3. 动词不定式作主语； 4. 动词不定式作宾语； 5. 疑问词+动词不定式 中考英语动词不定式命题趋于语境化、综合化。侧重在语篇中考查固定搭配、省 to / 还原 to、疑问词 + 不定式等核心用法。题型以语法填空、完形、书面表达为主，分值稳定 2–3 分。弱化孤立规则，强化搭配 + 句法功能 + 语境判断的综合能力。 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 动词不定式作状语 动词不定式可以在句中作状语，表示目的、结果或原因。作目的状语时通常放在句末，用于正式语境或需要强调时，也可以放在句首，用逗号与后面的句子隔开。 »He came to Beijing to have a meeting. 他来北京开会。（表目的） »He is too young to look after himself. 他年龄太小，不能照顾自己。（表结果） »To protect the environment, we should reduce plastic use.　为了保护环境，我们应该减少塑料的使用。（表原因） 典例01 —My father has tried every possible way he can think of ________. But he’s still feeling tired. —Don’t worry. Maybe he needs a holiday. A．relaxing B．to relaxing C．to relax D．relax 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我爸爸已经尝试了他能想到的所有可能的方法来放松。但他仍然感觉很累。——别担心。也许他需要一个假期。 考查非谓语动词的用法。句中“he can think of”是定语从句，修饰先行词“every possible way”，主句的谓语动词是“has tried”，此处需要不定式作目的状语，因此这里应使用“to relax”，说明“尝试所有方法”的目的是“放松”。故选C。 典例02 Our English teacher is patient enough ________ much time ________ grammar rules to us. A．spend; explaining B．spending; to explain C．to spend; explaining D．to spend; explain 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们的英语老师足够耐心，愿意花很多时间给我们讲解语法规则。 考查非谓语动词。be patient enough to do sth.表示“足够耐心做某事”，后跟不定式。spend time doing sth.表示“花时间做某事”，后跟动名词。因此第一个空应填to spend，第二个空应填explaining。故选C。 即时检测 1．—What can we do ________ the park? —Some rules should ________ to make the park clean. A．to protect; be made B．to protect; to make C．be protected; be made D．be protected; to make 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们能做些什么保护公园呢？——应该制定一些规则来使公园干净。 考查动词不定式和被动语态。根据“What can we do”可知，“我们做什么”目的是保护公园，动词不定式作目的状语，排除C、D；第二句中“rules”和“make”之间是被动关系，即“规则被制定”，应用被动语态，其结构是“be+done”，should是情态动词，后面用原形be。故选A。 2．The doctors said that they would do what they could ______ the sick man. A．save B．to save C．saved D．saving 【答案】B 【详解】句意：医生们说他们会尽他们所能去挽救这个病人。    考查不定式作目的状语。根据句意可知，此处需要不定式to save表示目的，意为“为了挽救”。故选B。 3．The boy is too busy ________ his father because he is busy ________ for the exams. A．writing to, studying B．to write to, study C．to write to, studying D．writing to, study 【答案】C 【详解】句意：男孩太忙而没能写信给他的爸爸，因为他在忙着考试。 考查不定式结构和动名词。根据语境，第一空是“太……而不能”too...to，所以是to write to；第二空be busy doing，所以是studying。故选C。 知识点02 动词不定式作宾补 宾语补足语是紧跟在宾语之后，对宾语的身份、状态或动作进行补充说明的成分，使宾语的意义更加完整。此时可以是带to的不定式，也可以是不带to的不定式，这主要取决于谓语动词。 ①接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词(短语)有：tell、ask、order、allow、encourage、advise, want, wish, expect invite, choose would like等。 ②接省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有感官动词(see、hear、notice、watch、feel等)和使役动词(make、let、have等)。 ③动词help后可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，也可以接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。 »Then he asked me to sit down beside a girl.　然后他让我坐在一个女孩旁边。 »I saw her get on the bus. 我看见她上了公共汽车。 »Can you help me (to) open the door?你能帮我打开门吗？ 典例01 Our teacher reminds us ________ the school uniform for tomorrow’s school trip. A．wear B．to wear C．wearing D．wore 【答案】B 【详解】句意：老师提醒我们明天的学校旅行要穿校服。 考查非谓语动词。remind sb. to do sth.“提醒某人做某事”，是固定搭配，此处用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选B。 典例02 My father’s hobbies made me ________ about looking after my old picture books. A．thought B．to think C．thinking D．think 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我爸爸的爱好使我考虑照顾我的旧图画书。 考查make的用法。make“使”，为使役动词，其后接动词原形作补语，故选D。 即时检测 1．Mrs. Black warned her son ________ in the sea alone. A．never to swim B．don’t swim C．to not swim D．not swim 【答案】A 【详解】句意：布莱克夫人警告她的儿子不要独自在大海里游泳。 考查非谓语动词。warn sb. not/never to do sth.意为“警告某人不要做某事”，动词短语。故选A。 2．My parents don’t allow me ______ out with my friends on school days. A．to hang B．hanging C．hang D．hung 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我父母不允许我在上学日和朋友们闲逛。 考查非谓语动词的用法。“allow sb. to do sth.”表示“允许某人做某事”，是固定用法。所以用“to hang”，故选A。 3．Good news! John has won the gold medal in the 100-meter sprint. I watched him ______ the race. A．finish B．finished C．finishes D．to finish 【答案】A 【详解】句意：好消息！约翰在100米短跑中赢得了金牌。我看着他完成了比赛。 考查非谓语动词。watch sb do sth“看见某人做某事”，表示看到动作的全过程，此处用不带to的动词不定式。故选A。 知识点03 动词不定式作主语 动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用单数形式；为了避免句子头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语。 »To give is better than to take. 奉献比索取好。 »It's necessary for us to learn English well.　对我们来说，学好英语是必要的。 动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末其结构为： ① It is +adj.+for/of sb.+(not)to do sth.意为＂做某事对某人来说是……＂。 ② It takes sb.+some time+to do sth.意为＂做某事花费某人多长时间＂ »To learn English well is useful.→ It is useful to learn English well. »It’s important for us to protect the environment. 【注意】在kind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of。 »It's very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好啦。 典例01 — I often have hamburgers for lunch. — You’d better not. It’s bad for you ________ too much junk food. A．eat B．eating C．to eat D．ate 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我午餐经常吃汉堡包。——你最好不要。吃太多垃圾食品对你有害。 考查非谓语动词。eat吃，动词原形；eating吃，动名词或现在分词形式；to eat吃，动词不定式；ate吃，过去式。根据句子结构可知，该句中使用了句型“It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”“对于某人来说做某事是……的”，应用动词不定式作真正的主语。故选C。 典例02 —Look at the rubbish. It’s careless ________ you ________ it here. —Sorry. I will pick it up right away. A．of; to leave B．for; to leave C．of; leaving D．for; leaving 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——看这些垃圾。你把它留在这里真是太粗心了。 ——对不起。我马上把它捡起来。 考查固定句型及非谓语动词。“It’s + adj. + of + sb. + to do sth.”表示“某人做某事是……的”，其中形容词描述人的品质或性格；“It’s + adj. + for + sb. + to do sth.”表示“对某人来说做某事是……的”，其中形容词描述事物的性质。此处“careless”是描述人的品质，应用介词of；且句型中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，因此第二空用to leave。故选A。 即时检测 1．________ is important for us ________ more knowledge. A．It; to learn B．That; to learn C．It.; learning D．That; learning 【答案】A 【详解】句意：学习更多的知识对我们来说是很重要的。 考查it用法。“It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”，“It”作形式主语，真正的主语为句中的动词不定式，故选A。 2．It’s impossible for us ________ there by plane in two hours. A．to get B．get C．getting D．got 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们不可能在两小时内乘飞机到达那里。 考查非谓语动词。根据“It’s impossible for sb. to do sth.”固定句型结构，表示“对某人来说做某事是不可能的”，空格处需用不定式“to get”。故选A。 3．In the past, it usually took a week ________ a letter. A．delivering B．deliver C．to deliver D．delivered 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在过去，寄一封信通常需要一周的时间。 考查非谓语。It takes + 时间 + to do sth是固定句型，表示“做某事需要花费多少时间”。故选C。 知识点04 动词不定式作宾语 动词不定式经常在decide、want、plan、agree、expect、need、hope、wish、would like 等动词（短语）后作宾语。在动词 think、find等后通常用it作形式宾语。 » I decided to join the art club two years ago. 两年前我决定加入美术俱乐部。 典例01 Lu Yao is such a friendly girl that she offers ______ me around Kunming. A．show B．to show C．showing D．to showing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：路遥是一个如此友好的女孩，以至于她主动提出带我参观昆明。 考查非谓语动词。offer to do sth“主动提出做某事”，此处用动词show的不定式形式作宾语。故选B。 典例02 My brother likes to stay at home, but I prefer ________ out with friends. A．go B．gone C．to go D．goes 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我哥哥喜欢待在家里，但我更喜欢和朋友出去。 考查不定式作宾语的用法。根据“prefer”可知，prefer后常接不定式表示“更喜欢做某事”，且前半句为“likes to stay”，为保持结构一致，此处应用to go。故选C。 即时检测 1．Would you like ________ me with my homework? A．helped B．help C．helping D．to help 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你愿意帮我做作业吗？ 考查非谓语动词。would like to do sth.“想要做某事”，固定短语，此处应用to help。故选D。 2．We all find _____ necessary for us _____ English well. A．it’s; to learn B．it; learning C．it’s; learning D．it; to learn 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们都发现学好英语对我们来说是必要的。 考查it固定句型。分析句子结构可知，此处是句式“sb. finds it+形容词+(for sb.)+to do sth.”，意为“某人发现做某事是……”，其中it是形式宾语，后面的动词不定式是真正宾语。故选D。 3．His father can’t afford ________ such a big house with a swimming pool. A．buy B．buying C．to buy D．bought 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他爸爸买不起这么大的带游泳池的房子。 考查非谓语动词。afford to do sth.“负担得起做某事”，是固定搭配。故选C。 知识点05 动词不定式作表语 动词不定式作表语，一般表示具体的动作或者说明主语的内容、性质、特征等。句子的主 语通常是 dream、job、wish等名词。 » My dream is to travel to the moon one day.　我的梦想是有朝一日去月球旅行。 典例01 Tom’s dream is ________ a volunteer so that he can help those people ________. A．to be, in need B．being, with need C．being, in need D．to be, in needing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：汤姆的梦想是成为一名志愿者，这样他就可以帮助那些有需要的人。 考查非谓语动词和介词短语。to be成为，动词不定式；being成为，现在分词或动名词；in need有需要的；with need有需要；in needing错误表达。根据“Tom’s dream is…a volunteer”可知，汤姆的梦想是成为一名志愿者，be动词后应跟动词不定式作表语，表示将来的动作或状态，所以第一空应填to be；根据“he can help those people…”可知，他可以帮助那些有需要的人，in need“有需要的”，固定短语，所以第二空应填in need。故选A。 典例02 The purpose is ________ the sound level. A．checks B．checking C．to check D．checked 【答案】C 【详解】句意：目的是检测声音水平。 考查动词不定式做表语。主语是“The purpose”，横线处表达目的，所以用动词不定式to check作表语。故选C。 即时检测 1．The purpose of the discussion is ________ children how to tell right from wrong. A．teaches B．teach C．to teaching D．to teach 【答案】D 【详解】句意：讨论的目的是教孩子们如何明辨是非。 考查非谓语动词。根据“The purpose of the discussion is...”可知讨论的目的是教孩子们如何明辨是非，故此处用动词不定式作表语。故选D。 2．Since both of Judy’s parents are doctors, her ambition is _______ medicine. A．study B．to study C．to studying D．studied 【答案】B 【详解】句意：因为朱迪的父母都是医生，所以她的抱负是去学习医学。 考查非谓语动词。ambition后面应接动词不定式做表语，表示“抱负是去做某事”。故选B。 3．Mr. Li’s job is________this company. A．in charge of B．take charge of C．to be in charge of D．be in charge of 【答案】C 【详解】句意：李先生的工作是管理这家公司。 考查短语辨析。in charge of负责，介词短语；take charge of负责，动词短语；to be in charge of负责，动词不定式；be in charge of负责，动词短语。此处应用动词不定式表示李先生的工作是管理这家公司。故选C。 知识点06 动词不定式作定语 动词不定式作定语时，须放在被修饰词的后面。它与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。 【注意】如果是不及物动词，且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系，要在不定式后加上适当的介词。 » The room is big enough for 10 people to live in . 这个房间大到足够给10个人住。 » I want a piece of paper to write on. 我想要一张纸来写。 典例01 —I think the best way ________ your painting skills is to practice more. —I couldn’t agree more. Practice makes perfect. A．improve B．to improve C．improving D．improved 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我认为提高你绘画技巧的最好方法是多练习。——我完全同意。熟能生巧。 考查动词不定式。the way to do sth.表示“做某事的方法”，动词不定式作定语。故选B。 典例02 If we keep making wetlands smaller, birds will have nowhere ________. A．live B．to live in it C．live in D．to live 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果我们继续使湿地变小，鸟儿将没有地方居住。 考查动词不定式作定语的用法。副词“nowhere”后常接动词不定式作后置定语，表示“没有地方做某事”。分析选项，A 项中“live”为动词原形，不符合语法；B项中“in it”多余，与“nowhere”重复；C项为动词原形加介词，“nowhere”是副词，live后不需要加介词in，也不符合不定式结构；D项符合“have nowhere to live”的固定结构，意为“无处居住”，语法和语义均正确。故选D。 即时检测 1．—I think the Water Park is a good place ________ fun. —I agree with you. A．have B．having C．to have D．had 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我认为水上乐园是个玩乐的好地方。——我同意你的看法。 考查不定式。根据“the Water Park is a good place...fun”可知，此处指水上乐园是个玩乐的好地方，用动词不定式“to have fun”作后置定语，修饰名词place。故选C。 2．At present my family has enough rooms ___________. A．for live B．living in C．to live in D．living 【答案】C 【详解】句意：目前我家有足够的房间住。 考查非谓语动词。live in“居住在”，动词短语；根据“has enough rooms”可知，此处是指有足够用来居住的房间，应用动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰名词“rooms”，即enough rooms to live in。故选C。 3．—I’d love to go hiking with you, but I have much homework _________. —If you don’t go, ___________. A．to do; so do I B．doing: so will C．to do; neither will I D．do; neither am I 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我很想和你一起去远足，但我还有很多作业要做。——如果你不去，我也不去。 考查不定式结构和倒装句。第一空用动词不定式结构作后置定语修饰名词，所以B/D不对。第二空所在的句子，if引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。答语句意为“如果你不去，我也（将）不去。”表示否定的相同情况用neither/nor引导倒装句。故选C。 知识点07 疑问词+动词不定式 常接＂疑问词+带to的不定式＂的动词有teach, show, tell, learn, find out, decide, know, forget等。 »My mother taught me how to cook yesterday. 昨天我妈妈教我如何做饭。 典例01 —There are so many beautiful T-shirts. I really don’t know ________. —Let’s ask the assistant for help. A．what I choose it B．which one to choose C．when to choose D．where I choose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——有这么多漂亮的T恤。我真的不知道该选哪一件。——我们去问问店员吧。 考查“疑问词+不定式”结构。what I choose it结构错误，what在从句中作choose的宾语，it多余；which one to choose选哪一件；when to choose什么时候选择；where I choose我在哪里选择。根据前半句“There are so many beautiful T-shirts.”可知，说话者是在多件T恤中进行选择，因此询问“选哪一件”符合语境。故选B。 典例02 Can you teach me how ______ steamed eggs? A．make B．making C．to make D．made 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你能教我怎么蒸蛋吗？ 考查动词不定式用法。在“teach sb. how to do sth.”结构中，应使用动词不定式“to + 动词原形”表示“如何做某事”。故选C。 即时检测 1．—What do you think of the math problem? —It is so difficult. I really don’t know ________. A．how to do it B．what to do it C．how to do D．what do it 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你觉得这个数学题怎么样？——它太难了。我真的不知道如何解决它。 考查疑问词+不定式的用法。“疑问词+不定式”作know的宾语时，需要注意疑问词的功能：how是方式副词，需与及物动词do的宾语搭配，即“how to do it（如何做这道题）”；what是代词，可直接作do的宾语，结构应为“what to do”，无需额外加it。故选A。 2．There are so many kinds of scarves in the shop that I don’t know ________. A．which to choose B．how to buy C．when to buy one D．where to find one 【答案】A 【详解】句意：商店里有如此多种类的围巾，以至于我不知道选哪一条。 考查“疑问词+不定式”结构。which to choose选哪一个（条）；how to buy如何买；when to buy one什么时候买一条；where to find one在哪里找到一条。根据“There are so many kinds of scarves in the shop”可知，这里指有很多种类，不知选哪条。故选A。 3．—There’s so much work to do around the house. I don’t know ________ to do with it. —Well. Make a list first. A．how B．what C．where D．why 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——家里有这么多活要做。我不知道该怎么办。——嗯，先列个清单。 考查疑问词辨析。how如何；what什么；where在哪里；why为什么。根据“I don’t know...to do with it.”可知，此处是不知道做什么，所以用what，与“do with”构成短语“what to do with sth.”表示“如何处理某事”。故选B。 考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 1．It’s important ________ us ________ have time to relax every day. A．of; to B．for; to C．for; for D．of; for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：对我们来说，每天有时间放松是很重要的。 It is+adj.+for/of sb.+to do sth.“做某事对某人来说是……的”，当形容词描述人的性格品质时用of，描述事物性质时用for，important 意为“重要的”，描述事物性质，故第一空填for；该句型中真正的主语是动词不定式，故第二空填to。 2．________ is necessary for us ________ a balanced diet to keep healthy. A．It; have B．It; to have C．This; having D．That; to have 【答案】B 【详解】句意：对我们来说，保持均衡饮食以保持健康是必要的。 考查固定句型。It is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth. 表示“对某人来说做某事是……的”。句中用It作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式to have a balanced diet。A项have形式错误；C项This having结构错误；D项That不能作形式主语。故选B。 3．He managed ________ a good price for his old car. A．get B．to get C．got D．getting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他设法为他的旧车得到了一个好价钱。 根据“managed”可知，此处考查固定搭配“manage to do sth.”，意为“设法做某事”，所以此处应用动词不定式“to get”作宾语。 4．The purpose of this meeting is ________ the new project. A．discussing B．discuss C．to discuss D．for discussing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这次会议的目的是讨论新项目。 考查动词不定式的用法。根据“The purpose of”可知，此处指会议的目的，应用动词不定式作表语。故选C。 5．I’m very busy. I have an important meeting ________. A．attend B．to attend C．attending D．to attending 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我很忙。我有一个重要的会议要参加。 考查非谓语动词。根据“I’m very busy. I have an important meeting ...”可知是有会议要参加，不定式to attend修饰名词meeting，表示“要参加的”会议。故选B。 6．The boy was made ________ his homework first. A．do B．to do C．doing D．done 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个男孩被迫先做作业。 make sb. do sth.意为“使某人做某事”，是主动语态的用法，其中do是不带to的不定式。当这个结构变为被动语态“sb. be made to do sth.”时，必须还原不定式符号to。本题句子是被动语态was made，因此后面需要接to do形式。 7．My mother always advises me ________ more books in my free time, which helps me broaden my horizons. A．read B．to read C．reading D．reads 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的妈妈总是建议我在空闲时间去读更多的书，这有助于我开阔视野。 动词短语advise sb. to do sth.表示“建议某人做某事”，此处应用动词不定式to read。 8．I practice calligraphy ________ my handwriting. A．improve B．to improve C．improving D．improved 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我练习书法是为了改善我的书写。 根据“practice calligraphy...my handwriting.”可知，练习书法的目的是改善书写，空处用不定式作目的状语，应填to improve。 9．—Why do you practice calligraphy every day? —________ myself and enjoy the beauty of Chinese characters. A．Relax B．Relaxing C．To relax D．Relaxed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你为什么每天练习书法？——为了放松自己并享受汉字之美。 问句由Why引导，询问原因或目的，此处应用动词不定式表示练习书法的目的。应填To relax。 10．I’m glad ________ you here. I haven’t seen you for a long time. A．meet B．to meet C．meeting D．met 【答案】B 【详解】我很高兴在这里见到你。我很久没见到你了。 考查动词不定式。根据“I’m glad...you here”可知，此处表示“很高兴做某事”，需用“be glad to do sth.”结构，其中“to do sth.”为动词不定式作原因状语。故选B。 11．The boy is ________ young ________ understand such a thing. A．so; that B．enough; to C．too; to D．such; that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个男孩太小了而不能理解这样的事情。 so... that...“如此……以至于……”，后接从句；enough...to...“足够……做……”，修饰形容词时需后置；too... to...表示“太……而不能……”，后接动词原形。such... that... “如此……以至于……”后接从句。句中young为形容词，understand为动词原形且非从句，结合句意表示否定含义，符合too... to...结构。 12．I really don’t know ________ this question. It is too hard. A．how to remember B．what to answer C．how to answer D．which to answer 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我真的不知道怎么回答这个问题，它太难了。 how to remember怎么记住；what to answer回答什么；how to answer怎么回答；which to answer回答哪一个。根据后句“It is too hard.”可知，此处表示不知道怎么“回答”这个问题，应填how to answer。 13．The sign “No smoking” warns us ________ in this area. A．not smoke B．not to smoke C．to not smoke D．don’t smoke 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“禁止吸烟”的标志警告我们不要在这个区域吸烟。 固定搭配warn sb. not to do sth.意为“警告某人不要做某事”，不定式的否定结构是在to之前加not。根据句意和语法结构，此处应填not to smoke。 14．I heard my mother ________ that strong roots make strong plants yesterday. A．say B．to say C．said D．saying 【答案】A 【详解】句意：昨天我听到我母亲说强壮的根能长出强壮的植物。 考查非谓语动词。say说（动词原形）；to say说（不定式）；said说（过去式）；saying说（现在分词）。在感官动词hear后接宾语补足语时，主动语态下非谓语动词需用省略to的动词不定式形式，即用动词原形来表示动作全过程，或用现在分词来表示动作正在进行。根据“that strong roots make strong plants”可知，听到的是这一完整动作，应用动词原形say。故选A。 15．I love to watch my grandpa ________ calligraphy. It looks so peaceful. A．do B．to do C．to be done D．done 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我喜欢看我的爷爷写书法。那看起来非常宁静。 考查非谓语动词。watch sb. doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行；watch sb. do sth.“看见某人做某事”，强调动作的全过程。根据“It looks so peaceful.”可知，此处指看爷爷写书法的整个过程，所以用省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。故选A。 16．We find ________ very interesting ________ detective stories. A．it; read B．it; to read C．that; read D．that; to read 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们发现读侦探小说非常有趣。 考查it作形式宾语及动词不定式的用法。it它；that那个。句中“find”后接宾语，而“very interesting”是宾语补足语，真正的宾语是“to read detective stories”。英语中常用“it”作形式宾语，代替后面较长的动词不定式（to do）作宾语，结构为“find it + adj. + to do sth.”。因此，第一空填it，第二空填to read。故选B。 17．He was so careless that he failed ________ the final exam. A．to pass B．pass C．passed D．passing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他太粗心，以至于没能通过期末考试。 to pass动词不定式；pass动词原形；passed动词过去式/动词过去分词；passing动名词。fail to do sth.意为“未能做某事”，固定搭配，此处表示没能通过考试，fail后接动词不定式，应填to pass。 18．—The new AI tools allow students ________ more efficiently (有效地). —I can’t agree with you. They can never take the place of teachers. A．learn B．to learn C．learning D．learnt 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——新的人工智能工具能让学生更有效地学习。——我不同意你的看法。它们永远无法取代老师。 learn学习（动词原形）；to learn学习（动词不定式）；learning学习（动名词/现在分词）；learnt学习（过去式/过去分词）。根据题干“allow students ________ more efficiently”可知，allow sb. to do sth.是动词短语，意为“允许某人做某事”，应填to learn。 19．Many young people are taking action ________ the karez system because it’s very important. A．protect B．protecting C．to protect D．protected 【答案】C 【详解】句意：许多年轻人正在采取行动保护坎儿井系统，因为它非常重要。 根据“Many young people are taking action...the karez system”可知，采取行动的目的是保护坎儿井系统，所以此处用动词不定式作目的状语，应填to protect。 20．We have two rooms ________, but I can’t decide ________. A．to live, to choose which one B．lived, choose which one C．live, which one D．to live in, which one to choose 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们有两间可供居住的房间，但是我不能决定选择哪一间。 第一空，动词不定式作后置定语修饰rooms，live是不及物动词，与被修饰词存在逻辑上的动宾关系时，介词in 不能省略，故用to live in；第二空，decide后接宾语，采用“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构，即which one to choose。 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 一、语法选择 （24-25八年级下·陕西西安·期中）In China’s old stories, Cangjie created characters (文字). Cangjie was very smart, so Huangdi gave him 1 of recording things. However, Cangjie found that the job became difficult as the number 2 the things he needed to record grew. He wanted to find out a way 3 the problem. One day, Cangjie went hunting with several 4 people. He found the hunters chose their way by looking at different footprints of animals. This really 5 Cangjie. He thought if there were different symbols for different things, he would be able to remember all the important things 6 . Through hard work, he finally created the symbols for writing. Huangdi was very happy with Cangjie’s work and asked 7 to teach the symbols to others. They 8 thanked Cangjie. Over time, he got proud. But an old man reminded him that Cangjie mixed up the symbols 9 he was teaching. He felt very sorry for his mistake 10 he decided to correct his mistake. From then on, Cangjie was more careful about his work. The word “footprints” here means foot marks. 1．A．the job B．jobs C．job D．the jobs 2．A．at B．to C．of D．with 3．A．solve B．solving C．solved D．to solve 4．A．other B．another C．others D．the other 5．A．excite B．was exciting C．excited D．excites 6．A．easily B．easy C．hard D．hardly 7．A．his B．him C．he D．himself 8．A．both B．neither C．all D．none 9．A．while B．why C．how D．where 10．A．but B．if C．and D．unless 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．C 【解析】本文讲述仓颉造字、授字，因失误反思，变得更严谨的故事。 1．句意：仓颉很聪慧，所以黄帝交给他记录事物的工作。 the job这份工作，表示单数；jobs工作，名词复数；job工作，名词单数；the jobs这些工作，表示复数。根据“Cangjie was very smart, so Huangdi gave him...of recording things.”可知，黄帝是因为仓颉聪明才赋予他这份工作。故选A。 2．句意：然而，随着需要记录的事物数量增多，仓颉发现这份工作变得艰难。 at在；to向；of……的；with和。根据“Cangjie found that the job became difficult as the number...the things he needed to record grew.”可知，随着要记录的事物数量增多，工作自然会变得更困难。the number of“……的数量”。故选C。 3．句意：他想要找到一个解决问题的办法。 solve解决，动词原形；solving解决，动名词；solved解决，动词过去式；to solve解决，动词不定式。根据“He wanted to find out a way...the problem.”可知，此处表示他想要找到一个解决问题的办法。用动词不定式作后置定语修饰way。故选D。 4．句意：仓颉和其他几个人一起去打猎。 other其他的；another另一个；others其他的；the other另一个。根据“Cangjie went hunting with several...people.”可知，此处表示其他几个人。people为名词复数，前用other修饰。故选A。 5．句意：这让仓颉非常兴奋。 excite使兴奋，动词原形；was exciting很令人兴奋，一般过去时（be+形容词）；excited使兴奋，动词过去式；excites使兴奋，第三人称单数形式。根据“This really...Cangjie.”可知，此处表示这让仓颉非常兴奋，空处缺少谓语动词，且时态为一般过去时。故选C。 6．句意：他想，如果不同的事物有不同的符号，他将能够很容易地记住所有的事情。 easily容易地；easy容易的；hard困难的；hardly困难地。根据“He found the hunters chose their way by looking at different footprints of animals.”和“He thought if there were different symbols for different things, he would be able to remember all the important things...”可知，此处应该表示如果用不同的符号来代表不同的事物，他就能容易地记住所有重要的事情，此处用easily修饰动词remember。故选A。 7．句意：黄帝对仓颉的工作非常满意，便让他把这些符号教给其他人。 his他的，形容词性物主代词；him他，人称代词宾格；he他，人称代词主格；himself他自己，反身代词。asked为动词，后接人称代词宾格作宾语。故选B。 8．句意：他们都感谢仓颉。 both两者都；neither两者都不；all所有，指三者或三者以上；none没有一个。根据“Huangdi was very happy with Cangjie’s work and asked him to teach the symbols to others.”可推知，仓颉应该教不止三个人，所以此处表示都感谢，应该用all。故选C。 9．句意：但一位老人提醒他，仓颉在教学时把这些符号弄混了。 while当……时；why为什么；how怎样；where哪里。根据“But an old man reminded him that Cangjie mixed up the symbols...he was teaching.”可知，此处表示当仓颉在教学时，他把这些符号弄混了。故选A。 10．句意：他对自己的错误感到抱歉，并决定改正他的错误。 but但是；if如果；and并且；unless除非。根据“He felt very sorry for his mistake...he decided to correct his mistake.”可知，此处表示他对错误感到抱歉，于是决定改正。前后句为顺承关系，and表并列或因果递进。故选C。 二、语法填空 （24-25八年级下·浙江杭州·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的单词（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式 A man got lost in a desert. He walked for two days but he still couldn’t find 1 (he) way out. Dying for water, he found an empty house 2 a water pump (水泵)! The man was so 3 (excite) that he ran to draw (抽出) water. 4 no matter how hard he tried, no water came out. While he 5 (sit) sadly on the ground, he saw a little bottle with a cork (软木塞) in it. On the bottle, there was 6 old note saying, “You must add the water into the pump before you can draw water! Don’t forget 7 (fill) it with water again before you leave!” The man took the cork out and 8 (happy) found the bottle was full of water! Because he might die of thirst, he decided to do as the note said and began to draw water. Sure enough, lots of water started coming out from the pump! 9 a big surprise! After drinking enough, he filled the bottle with water and added his 10 (word) after the note, “Believe me! Do as the note tells you!” 【答案】 1．his 2．with 3．excited 4．But 5．was sitting 6．an 7．to fill 8．happily 9．What 10．words 【解析】本文讲述了一个在沙漠中迷路的人是如何在一个空房间按照说明从水泵里汲水的。 1．句意：他走了两天，但仍然找不到出去的路。句中“way”为名词，应用形容词性物主代词修饰。人称代词he的形容词性物主代词为his，意为“他的”。故填his。 2．句意：急需水，他发现了一个空房子，有一个水泵！根据“a water pump”可知，此句是说空房子有个水泵，句中有谓语动词“found”，应用介词with，意为“有”。故填with。 3．句意：这个人很兴奋，他跑去抽水。此处修饰“The man”，表示人，应用形容词excited，意为“感觉兴奋的”。故填excited。 4．句意：但无论他怎么努力，都没有水出来。此句“no matter how hard he tried”和“no water came out”构成转折关系，应用连词but。故填But。 5．句意：当他悲伤地坐在地上时，他看到了一个小瓶子，里面有一个软木塞。根据“While”和句中“he saw”可知，此句应用过去进行时，其构成为“was/were doing”，主语“he”为第三人称单数，用was构成时态。故填was sitting。 6．句意：瓶子上有一张古老的纸条，上面写着：“你必须先把水倒入泵里，才能汲水！”句中“note”为单数名词，表示泛指，且“old”以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。 7．句意：离开之前别忘了再灌满水！根据“Don’t forget”可知，此句是说不要忘了再灌满水。forget to do sth.“忘记做某事”，故填to fill。 8．句意：这个人把软木塞拿出来，高兴地发现瓶子里装满了水！此处用副词修饰动词“found”，形容词happy的副词为happily，意为“开心地”。故填happily。 9．句意：真是个大惊喜！此句为感叹句，“a big surprise”为名词短语，应用what引导感叹句。故填What。 10．句意：喝足了水，他把瓶子装满了水，并在纸条后面加上了他的话：“相信我！照纸条上说的去做！”根据“After drinking enough, he filled the bottle with water and added his...after the note,‘Believe me! Do as the note tells you!’”可知，此处word用复数。故填words。 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 1．（2025·海南·中考真题）________ the speech interesting, our head teacher prepared a short video. A．To make B．Make C．Making 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为了使演讲有趣，我们的班主任准备了一个短视频。 考查非谓语动词。根据“the speech interesting, our head teacher prepared a short video.”可知，班主任准备了一个短视频是为了使演讲有趣，应用动词不定式表示目的。故选A。 2．（2025·西藏·中考真题）Our teacher advises us ________ ourselves in the sunshine. A．enjoy B．to enjoy C．enjoyed D．enjoying 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们的老师建议我们在阳光下享受（美好时光）。 考查非谓语动词。“advise sb. to do sth.”是固定用法，意为“建议某人做某事”，根据“Our teacher advises us...ourselves in the sunshine.”可知，此处用动词不定式作宾语补足语，故选B。 3．（2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Kitty will go to the English Corner ______ her English this Saturday afternoon. A．to practise B．practising C．practised D．practise 【答案】A 【详解】句意：基蒂这个星期六下午要去英语角练习英语。 考查非谓语动词。to practise练习，动词不定式形式；practising练习，现在分词或动名词形式；practised练习，过去式或过去分词形式；practise练习，动词原形。根据句子结构可知，空处应是动词不定式作目的状语，表示去英语角的目的是练习英语。故选A。 4．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Our English teacher is humorous and he often tells funny jokes to make us ________. A．to laugh B．laugh C．laughed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们的英语老师很幽默，他经常讲有趣的笑话来逗笑我们。 考查非谓语动词。make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选B。 5．（2024·江苏南京·中考真题）“ClimateGPT” is used ________ people with a good understanding of weather conditions. A．provides B．providing C．provided D．to provide 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“ClimateGPT”用于让人们很好地了解天气状况。 考查动词短语。此处表示“被用来让人们很好地了解天气状况”，用结构be used to do sth.“被用来做某事”。故选D。 6．（2024·四川·中考真题）—What are you going to do this summer vacation? —I plan ________ my cousin in Hangzhou. A．visit B．visiting C．to visit D．visited 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这个暑假你打算做什么？——我计划去杭州看望我的堂兄。 考查非谓语动词。plan to do sth.“计划做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故选C。 7．（2024·黑龙江·中考真题）Two ________ dollars is enough to buy the bike, but I can’t afford ________ it. A．hundreds, to buy B．hundreds, buy C．hundred, to buy 【答案】C 【详解】句意：两百美元足够买自行车了，但是我买不起。 考查数词用法和不定式用法。hundred前面有具体数字时，用单数；动词短语afford to do sth表示“负担得起做某事”。故选C。 8．（2024·天津·中考真题）People may use different body language _________ the same feelings. A．show B．to show C．showed D．shows 【答案】B 【详解】句意：人们可能会用不同的肢体语言来表达同样的感受。 考查非谓语动词。use sth to do sth“用某物做某事”，使用动词不定式，故选B。 9．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）China has made great efforts ________ other countries build high-speed railways. A．help B．to help C．helping D．helped 【答案】B 【详解】句意：中国为帮助其他国家建设高速铁路做出了巨大努力。 考查非谓语动词。make great efforts to do sth.“努力做某事”，应用动词不定式。故选B。 10．（2024·云南·中考真题）Our headmaster will invite a scientist ________ us a speech on space technology. A．give B．given          C．giving D．to give 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们的校长将邀请一位科学家为我们做一次关于空间技术的演讲。 考查非谓语动词。invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选D。 11．（2024·四川凉山·中考真题）______ teenagers’ eyesight, experts advise them to stay away from electronic products. A．Protect B．To protect C．Protecting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了保护青少年的视力，专家建议他们远离电子产品。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，专家建议青少年远离电子产品的目的是保护他们的视力，此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故选B。 12．（2024·四川达州·中考真题）Qiqi hopes ________ medicine in Sichuan University. A．studies B．studying C．to study 【答案】C 【详解】句意：琪琪希望去四川大学学医。 考查非谓语动词。hope to do sth“希望做某事”，故选C。 13．（2024·四川自贡·中考真题）To save energy, don’t forget ________ the light before you leave the room. A．turn off B．turning off C．to turn off 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了节约能源，离开房间前别忘了关灯。 考查非谓语动词。forget to do忘记要去做某事（未做）；forget doing忘记做过某事（已做）。根据“To save energy, don’t forget ... the light before you leave the room.”可知，别忘记要去关灯，故选C。 14．（2024·内蒙古·中考真题）—Jack, remember ________ off the lights when you leave your bedroom. —OK, I will. A．turned B．turn C．turning D．to turn 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——杰克，你离开卧室时记得关灯。 ——好的，我会的。 考查非谓语动词。remember to do sth.记得去做某事，事情未做；remember doing sth.记得做过某事，事情已做。turn off表示“关灯”，根据“when you leave your bedroom”可知，灯还没有关，此处表示“要记得关灯”。故选D。 15．（2023·西藏·中考真题）Our art teacher encourages us ________ colorful things in life. A．look for B．looks for C．looking for D．to look for 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们的美术老师鼓励我们去寻找生活中丰富多彩的事情。 考查不定式作补语。encourage sb. to do sth.表示“鼓励某人做某事”。空处是不定式作宾语补足语。故选D。 16．（2023·四川甘孜·中考真题）Mike made faces to make his little brother __________. A．laughs B．laugh C．to laugh D．laughing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：麦克做鬼脸让他的弟弟笑。 考查非谓语。make sb. do sth“让某人做某事”，空处用动词原形。故选B。 17．（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）Travellers can’t wait ________ their new tours in the coming holiday. A．to start B．starting C．started D．start 【答案】A 【详解】句意：旅行者们迫不及待地想在即将到来的假期开始他们的新旅行。 考查非谓语动词。can’t wait to do sth.“迫不及待做某事”，应用不定式。故选A。 18．（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）I have decided to go to Beijing and ________ one of my old friends there. A．visiting B．visited C．visits D．visit 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我决定去北京看望我在那里的一位老朋友。 考查非谓语动词。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，空格处应为动词原形，省略了动词不定式符号to，故选D。 19．（2023·吉林长春·中考真题）We expect the world _______ China better after the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou. A．understanding B．to understand C．understood D．understand 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们期待第19届杭州亚运会后，世界更好地了解中国。 考查非谓语动词。expect sb to do sth“期待某人做某事”，此空应填不定式，故选B。 20．（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）Science is my favourite subject, so I have prepared ________ the STEAM Club. A．join B．joining C．to join D．to joining 【答案】C 【详解】句意：科学是我最喜欢的科目，所以我已经准备加入 STEAM俱乐部了。 考查非谓语动词。prepare to do sth“准备做某事”，固定短语，所以空处用动词不定式，故选C。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 动词不定式（期中复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 知识点01 动词不定式作状语 知识点02 动词不定式作宾语补足语 知识点03 动词不定式作主语 知识点04 动词不定式作宾语 知识点05 动词不定式作表语 知识点06 动词不定式作定语 知识点07 疑问词+动词不定式 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 考情透视·目标导航 常考题型 内容要点 命题趋势 单项选择 语法选择 完形填空 语法填空 1. 动词不定式作状语； 2. 动词不定式作宾补； 3. 动词不定式作主语； 4. 动词不定式作宾语； 5. 疑问词+动词不定式 中考英语动词不定式命题趋于语境化、综合化。侧重在语篇中考查固定搭配、省 to / 还原 to、疑问词 + 不定式等核心用法。题型以语法填空、完形、书面表达为主，分值稳定 2–3 分。弱化孤立规则，强化搭配 + 句法功能 + 语境判断的综合能力。 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 动词不定式作状语 动词不定式可以在句中作状语，表示目的、结果或原因。作目的状语时通常放在句末，用于正式语境或需要强调时，也可以放在句首，用逗号与后面的句子隔开。 »He came to Beijing to have a meeting. 他来北京开会。（表目的） »He is too young to look after himself. 他年龄太小，不能照顾自己。（表结果） »To protect the environment, we should reduce plastic use.　为了保护环境，我们应该减少塑料的使用。（表原因） 典例01 —My father has tried every possible way he can think of ________. But he’s still feeling tired. —Don’t worry. Maybe he needs a holiday. A．relaxing B．to relaxing C．to relax D．relax 典例02 Our English teacher is patient enough ________ much time ________ grammar rules to us. A．spend; explaining B．spending; to explain C．to spend; explaining D．to spend; explain 即时检测 1．—What can we do ________ the park? —Some rules should ________ to make the park clean. A．to protect; be made B．to protect; to make C．be protected; be made D．be protected; to make 2．The doctors said that they would do what they could ______ the sick man. A．save B．to save C．saved D．saving 3．The boy is too busy ________ his father because he is busy ________ for the exams. A．writing to, studying B．to write to, study C．to write to, studying D．writing to, study 知识点02 动词不定式作宾补 宾语补足语是紧跟在宾语之后，对宾语的身份、状态或动作进行补充说明的成分，使宾语的意义更加完整。此时可以是带to的不定式，也可以是不带to的不定式，这主要取决于谓语动词。 ①接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词(短语)有：tell、ask、order、allow、encourage、advise, want, wish, expect invite, choose would like等。 ②接省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有感官动词(see、hear、notice、watch、feel等)和使役动词(make、let、have等)。 ③动词help后可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，也可以接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。 »Then he asked me to sit down beside a girl.　然后他让我坐在一个女孩旁边。 »I saw her get on the bus. 我看见她上了公共汽车。 »Can you help me (to) open the door?你能帮我打开门吗？ 典例01 Our teacher reminds us ________ the school uniform for tomorrow’s school trip. A．wear B．to wear C．wearing D．wore 典例02 My father’s hobbies made me ________ about looking after my old picture books. A．thought B．to think C．thinking D．think 即时检测 1．Mrs. Black warned her son ________ in the sea alone. A．never to swim B．don’t swim C．to not swim D．not swim 2．My parents don’t allow me ______ out with my friends on school days. A．to hang B．hanging C．hang D．hung 3．Good news! John has won the gold medal in the 100-meter sprint. I watched him ______ the race. A．finish B．finished C．finishes D．to finish 知识点03 动词不定式作主语 动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用单数形式；为了避免句子头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语。 »To give is better than to take. 奉献比索取好。 »It's necessary for us to learn English well.　对我们来说，学好英语是必要的。 动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末其结构为： ① It is +adj.+for/of sb.+(not)to do sth.意为＂做某事对某人来说是……＂。 ② It takes sb.+some time+to do sth.意为＂做某事花费某人多长时间＂ »To learn English well is useful.→ It is useful to learn English well. »It’s important for us to protect the environment. 【注意】在kind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of。 »It's very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好啦。 典例01 — I often have hamburgers for lunch. — You’d better not. It’s bad for you ________ too much junk food. A．eat B．eating C．to eat D．ate 典例02 —Look at the rubbish. It’s careless ________ you ________ it here. —Sorry. I will pick it up right away. A．of; to leave B．for; to leave C．of; leaving D．for; leaving 即时检测 1．________ is important for us ________ more knowledge. A．It; to learn B．That; to learn C．It.; learning D．That; learning 2．It’s impossible for us ________ there by plane in two hours. A．to get B．get C．getting D．got 3．In the past, it usually took a week ________ a letter. A．delivering B．deliver C．to deliver D．delivered 知识点04 动词不定式作宾语 动词不定式经常在decide、want、plan、agree、expect、need、hope、wish、would like 等动词（短语）后作宾语。在动词 think、find等后通常用it作形式宾语。 » I decided to join the art club two years ago. 两年前我决定加入美术俱乐部。 典例01 Lu Yao is such a friendly girl that she offers ______ me around Kunming. A．show B．to show C．showing D．to showing 典例02 My brother likes to stay at home, but I prefer ________ out with friends. A．go B．gone C．to go D．goes 即时检测 1．Would you like ________ me with my homework? A．helped B．help C．helping D．to help 2．We all find _____ necessary for us _____ English well. A．it’s; to learn B．it; learning C．it’s; learning D．it; to learn 3．His father can’t afford ________ such a big house with a swimming pool. A．buy B．buying C．to buy D．bought 知识点05 动词不定式作表语 动词不定式作表语，一般表示具体的动作或者说明主语的内容、性质、特征等。句子的主 语通常是 dream、job、wish等名词。 » My dream is to travel to the moon one day.　我的梦想是有朝一日去月球旅行。 典例01 Tom’s dream is ________ a volunteer so that he can help those people ________. A．to be, in need B．being, with need C．being, in need D．to be, in needing 典例02 The purpose is ________ the sound level. A．checks B．checking C．to check D．checked 即时检测 1．The purpose of the discussion is ________ children how to tell right from wrong. A．teaches B．teach C．to teaching D．to teach 2．Since both of Judy’s parents are doctors, her ambition is _______ medicine. A．study B．to study C．to studying D．studied 3．Mr. Li’s job is________this company. A．in charge of B．take charge of C．to be in charge of D．be in charge of 知识点06 动词不定式作定语 动词不定式作定语时，须放在被修饰词的后面。它与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。 【注意】如果是不及物动词，且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系，要在不定式后加上适当的介词。 » The room is big enough for 10 people to live in . 这个房间大到足够给10个人住。 » I want a piece of paper to write on. 我想要一张纸来写。 典例01 —I think the best way ________ your painting skills is to practice more. —I couldn’t agree more. Practice makes perfect. A．improve B．to improve C．improving D．improved 典例02 If we keep making wetlands smaller, birds will have nowhere ________. A．live B．to live in it C．live in D．to live 即时检测 1．—I think the Water Park is a good place ________ fun. —I agree with you. A．have B．having C．to have D．had 2．At present my family has enough rooms ___________. A．for live B．living in C．to live in D．living 3．—I’d love to go hiking with you, but I have much homework _________. —If you don’t go, ___________. A．to do; so do I B．doing: so will C．to do; neither will I D．do; neither am I 知识点07 疑问词+动词不定式 常接＂疑问词+带to的不定式＂的动词有teach, show, tell, learn, find out, decide, know, forget等。 »My mother taught me how to cook yesterday. 昨天我妈妈教我如何做饭。 典例01 —There are so many beautiful T-shirts. I really don’t know ________. —Let’s ask the assistant for help. A．what I choose it B．which one to choose C．when to choose D．where I choose 典例02 Can you teach me how ______ steamed eggs? A．make B．making C．to make D．made 即时检测 1．—What do you think of the math problem? —It is so difficult. I really don’t know ________. A．how to do it B．what to do it C．how to do D．what do it 2．There are so many kinds of scarves in the shop that I don’t know ________. A．which to choose B．how to buy C．when to buy one D．where to find one 3．—There’s so much work to do around the house. I don’t know ________ to do with it. —Well. Make a list first. A．how B．what C．where D．why 考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 1．It’s important ________ us ________ have time to relax every day. A．of; to B．for; to C．for; for D．of; for 2．________ is necessary for us ________ a balanced diet to keep healthy. A．It; have B．It; to have C．This; having D．That; to have 3．He managed ________ a good price for his old car. A．get B．to get C．got D．getting 4．The purpose of this meeting is ________ the new project. A．discussing B．discuss C．to discuss D．for discussing 5．I’m very busy. I have an important meeting ________. A．attend B．to attend C．attending D．to attending 6．The boy was made ________ his homework first. A．do B．to do C．doing D．done 7．My mother always advises me ________ more books in my free time, which helps me broaden my horizons. A．read B．to read C．reading D．reads 8．I practice calligraphy ________ my handwriting. A．improve B．to improve C．improving D．improved 9．—Why do you practice calligraphy every day? —________ myself and enjoy the beauty of Chinese characters. A．Relax B．Relaxing C．To relax D．Relaxed 10．I’m glad ________ you here. I haven’t seen you for a long time. A．meet B．to meet C．meeting D．met 11．The boy is ________ young ________ understand such a thing. A．so; that B．enough; to C．too; to D．such; that 12．I really don’t know ________ this question. It is too hard. A．how to remember B．what to answer C．how to answer D．which to answer 13．The sign “No smoking” warns us ________ in this area. A．not smoke B．not to smoke C．to not smoke D．don’t smoke 14．I heard my mother ________ that strong roots make strong plants yesterday. A．say B．to say C．said D．saying 15．I love to watch my grandpa ________ calligraphy. It looks so peaceful. A．do B．to do C．to be done D．done 16．We find ________ very interesting ________ detective stories. A．it; read B．it; to read C．that; read D．that; to read 17．He was so careless that he failed ________ the final exam. A．to pass B．pass C．passed D．passing 18．—The new AI tools allow students ________ more efficiently (有效地). —I can’t agree with you. They can never take the place of teachers. A．learn B．to learn C．learning D．learnt 19．Many young people are taking action ________ the karez system because it’s very important. A．protect B．protecting C．to protect D．protected 20．We have two rooms ________, but I can’t decide ________. A．to live, to choose which one B．lived, choose which one C．live, which one D．to live in, which one to choose 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 一、语法选择 （24-25八年级下·陕西西安·期中）In China’s old stories, Cangjie created characters (文字). Cangjie was very smart, so Huangdi gave him 1 of recording things. However, Cangjie found that the job became difficult as the number 2 the things he needed to record grew. He wanted to find out a way 3 the problem. One day, Cangjie went hunting with several 4 people. He found the hunters chose their way by looking at different footprints of animals. This really 5 Cangjie. He thought if there were different symbols for different things, he would be able to remember all the important things 6 . Through hard work, he finally created the symbols for writing. Huangdi was very happy with Cangjie’s work and asked 7 to teach the symbols to others. They 8 thanked Cangjie. Over time, he got proud. But an old man reminded him that Cangjie mixed up the symbols 9 he was teaching. He felt very sorry for his mistake 10 he decided to correct his mistake. From then on, Cangjie was more careful about his work. The word “footprints” here means foot marks. 1．A．the job B．jobs C．job D．the jobs 2．A．at B．to C．of D．with 3．A．solve B．solving C．solved D．to solve 4．A．other B．another C．others D．the other 5．A．excite B．was exciting C．excited D．excites 6．A．easily B．easy C．hard D．hardly 7．A．his B．him C．he D．himself 8．A．both B．neither C．all D．none 9．A．while B．why C．how D．where 10．A．but B．if C．and D．unless 二、语法填空 （24-25八年级下·浙江杭州·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的单词（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式 A man got lost in a desert. He walked for two days but he still couldn’t find 1 (he) way out. Dying for water, he found an empty house 2 a water pump (水泵)! The man was so 3 (excite) that he ran to draw (抽出) water. 4 no matter how hard he tried, no water came out. While he 5 (sit) sadly on the ground, he saw a little bottle with a cork (软木塞) in it. On the bottle, there was 6 old note saying, “You must add the water into the pump before you can draw water! Don’t forget 7 (fill) it with water again before you leave!” The man took the cork out and 8 (happy) found the bottle was full of water! Because he might die of thirst, he decided to do as the note said and began to draw water. Sure enough, lots of water started coming out from the pump! 9 a big surprise! After drinking enough, he filled the bottle with water and added his 10 (word) after the note, “Believe me! Do as the note tells you!” 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 1．（2025·海南·中考真题）________ the speech interesting, our head teacher prepared a short video. A．To make B．Make C．Making 2．（2025·西藏·中考真题）Our teacher advises us ________ ourselves in the sunshine. A．enjoy B．to enjoy C．enjoyed D．enjoying 3．（2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Kitty will go to the English Corner ______ her English this Saturday afternoon. A．to practise B．practising C．practised D．practise 4．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Our English teacher is humorous and he often tells funny jokes to make us ________. A．to laugh B．laugh C．laughed 5．（2024·江苏南京·中考真题）“ClimateGPT” is used ________ people with a good understanding of weather conditions. A．provides B．providing C．provided D．to provide 6．（2024·四川·中考真题）—What are you going to do this summer vacation? —I plan ________ my cousin in Hangzhou. A．visit B．visiting C．to visit D．visited 7．（2024·黑龙江·中考真题）Two ________ dollars is enough to buy the bike, but I can’t afford ________ it. A．hundreds, to buy B．hundreds, buy C．hundred, to buy 8．（2024·天津·中考真题）People may use different body language _________ the same feelings. A．show B．to show C．showed D．shows 9．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）China has made great efforts ________ other countries build high-speed railways. A．help B．to help C．helping D．helped 10．（2024·云南·中考真题）Our headmaster will invite a scientist ________ us a speech on space technology. A．give B．given          C．giving D．to give 11．（2024·四川凉山·中考真题）______ teenagers’ eyesight, experts advise them to stay away from electronic products. A．Protect B．To protect C．Protecting 12．（2024·四川达州·中考真题）Qiqi hopes ________ medicine in Sichuan University. A．studies B．studying C．to study 13．（2024·四川自贡·中考真题）To save energy, don’t forget ________ the light before you leave the room. A．turn off B．turning off C．to turn off 14．（2024·内蒙古·中考真题）—Jack, remember ________ off the lights when you leave your bedroom. —OK, I will. A．turned B．turn C．turning D．to turn 15．（2023·西藏·中考真题）Our art teacher encourages us ________ colorful things in life. A．look for B．looks for C．looking for D．to look for 16．（2023·四川甘孜·中考真题）Mike made faces to make his little brother __________. A．laughs B．laugh C．to laugh D．laughing 17．（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）Travellers can’t wait ________ their new tours in the coming holiday. A．to start B．starting C．started D．start 18．（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）I have decided to go to Beijing and ________ one of my old friends there. A．visiting B．visited C．visits D．visit 19．（2023·吉林长春·中考真题）We expect the world _______ China better after the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou. A．understanding B．to understand C．understood D．understand 20．（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）Science is my favourite subject, so I have prepared ________ the STEAM Club. A．join B．joining C．to join D．to joining 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $