Unit 6 Learning by doing 人与自我：英语学习（话题阅读精练）英语新教材沪教版八年级下册

Unit 6 Learning by doing 英语学习 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage A 阅读理解 说明文 211 本文主要介绍了学生使用词典的习惯对英语学习的影响。 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 228 本文主要介绍了同义词词典的功能和使用方法。 实战演练 Passage 1 阅读理解 说明文 291 本文主要介绍了四个和cold有关的日常表达。 Passage 2 阅读理解 说明文 243 本文主要介绍了在英国说“对不起”的不同含义。 Passage 3 阅读理解 说明文 372 本文描述了用外语学习和思考有其自身的好处。 Passage 4 阅读理解 说明文 277 本文主要介绍了英文表达“How are you?”的含义以及其他含蓄的英文表达。 Passage 5 完形填空 记叙文 284 本文主要讲述了作者通过参加科技博览会，将英语学习与节日活动结合，以有趣的方式提升语言能力的故事。 Passage 6 完形填空 记叙文 208 本文主要是作者分享了自己学习英语的经历，希望能帮助读者学好口语。 时文阅读 话题谚语小知识 · To have another language is to possess a second soul. —— Charlemagne 掌握另一门语言，便是拥有第二个灵魂。 —— 查理曼大帝 · Language is the road map of a culture. It tells you where its people come from and where they are going. —— Rita Mae Brown 语言是文化的路线图，它告诉你人们从何处来，又将往何处去。 —— 丽塔・梅・布朗 · The limits of my language mean the limits of my world. —— Ludwig Wittgenstein 我语言的边界，即是我世界的边界。 —— 路德维希・维特根斯坦 · Learning another language is not only learning different words for the same things, but learning another way to think about things. —— Flora Lewis 学习另一门语言，不只是为同一事物学习不同词汇，更是学习另一种思考事物的方式。 —— 弗洛拉・ 刘易斯 · If you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head. If you talk to him in his language, that goes to his heart. —— Nelson Mandela 如果你用一个人听得懂的语言与他交流，话语会进入他的脑海；如果你用他的母语与他交流，话语会走 进他的内心。 —— 纳尔逊・曼德拉 · Language is the dress of thought. —— Samuel Johnson 语言是思想的外衣。 —— 塞缪尔・约翰逊 · One language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way. —— Frank Smith 一种语言为你铺就人生的走廊，两种语言为你打开沿途每一扇门。 —— 弗兰克・史密斯 · The man who knows two languages is worth two men. —— French Proverb 懂两种语言的人，抵得上两个人的价值。 —— 法国谚语 · You can never understand one language until you understand at least two. —— Geoffrey Willans 除非你至少掌握两门语言，否则永远无法真正理解其中任何一门。 —— 杰弗里・威兰斯 · Language is not a genetic gift, it is a social gift. Learning a new language is becoming a member of the club – the community of speakers of that language. —— Frank Smith 语言并非天赋，而是一份社会馈赠。学习一门新语言，便是成为该语言使用者社群的一员。 —— 弗兰 克・史密斯 时文阅读 Passage A（学习工具——词典） Students who say they never or hardly ever used dictionaries often speak English well but usually write poorly, because they make many mistakes. The students who use dictionaries most do not learn especially well either. The ones who look up every new word do not read fast. Therefore, they do not have time to read much. Those who use small two-language dictionaries have the worst problems. Their dictionaries often give only one or two words as translations of English. But one English word often has many translations in a foreign language and one foreign word has many translations in English. The most successful students are those who use large college edition dictionaries with about 100,000 words but do not use them too often. When they are reading, these students first try to get the general idea and understand new words from the context (上下文). Then they reread and use the dictionary to look up only key words that they still do not understand. They use dictionaries more for writing. If they are not sure how to spell a word, or divide it into syllables, they always use a dictionary. Also, if they think a noun might have an unusual plural form, they check it in a dictionary. 1. The writer thinks that ________. A. if you choose a good dictionary, you’ll be successful in learning English B. dictionaries are not necessary for the students who learn English C. it is very important for students to use good dictionaries properly D. using dictionaries very often can’t help to improve writing 2. According to the passage, which of the following is wrong? A. Dictionaries have little effect on learning to speak English. B. Whatever new words you meet while reading, never use dictionaries. C. Small two-language dictionaries have serious disadvantages. D. Reading something for the first time, you’d better not use dictionaries. 3. When in the reading does the writer advise students to use a good dictionary? A. At the beginning of the reading. B. At the end of the reading. C. During the first reading. D. After the first reading. 4. This passage mainly tells us ________. A. that students shouldn’t use small two-language dictionaries B. what the defects of small two-language dictionaries are C. why students should use large college edition dictionaries D. what dictionary students should choose and how to use it 重点词汇梳理 especially /ɪˈspeʃəli/ adv. 尤其 therefore /ˈðeəfɔː(r)/ adv. 因此 edition /ɪˈdɪʃn/ n. 版本 general /ˈdʒenrəl/ adj. 总的，普遍的 长难句解析 原句1：（第一段第一句）Students who say they never or hardly ever used dictionaries often speak English well but usually write poorly, because they make many mistakes. 译文：那些声称自己从未或几乎从不使用词典的学生，往往英语口语不错，但写作通常很差，因为他们会犯很多错误。 分析：句子主干为 Students often speak English well but usually write poorly。who say they never or hardly ever used dictionaries 是定语从句，修饰先行词 Students，说明是哪一类学生；because they make many mistakes 是原因状语从句，解释这类学生写作差的原因 原句2：（第三段第一句）The most successful students are those who use large college edition dictionaries with about 100,000 words but do not use them too often. 译文：最成功的学生是那些使用收录约 10 万个单词的大型大学版词典，但又不过度依赖词典的人。 分析：句子主干为 The most successful students are those。who use large college edition dictionaries... but do not use them too often 是定语从句，修饰先行词 those，限定 “成功学生” 的词典使用特征；with about 100,000 words 是介词短语作后置定语，修饰 dictionaries，说明词典的规模。 译文 那些声称自己从未或几乎从不使用词典的学生，往往英语口语不错，但写作通常很差，因为他们会犯很多错误。 过度使用词典的学生，学习效果也不是特别好。那些遇到每个生词都要查词典的学生，阅读速度很慢，因此没有办法读很多内容。使用小型双语词典的学生遇到的问题最严重 —— 这类词典往往只给一两个单词作为英文的释义，但一个英文单词在一门外语中通常有多种译法，反之亦然。 最成功的学生是那些使用收录约 10 万个单词的大型大学版词典，但又不过度依赖词典的人。阅读时，他们会先尝试把握文章大意，通过上下文理解生词；之后再重读文章，并用词典只查阅那些仍然不懂的关键词。他们更多是在写作时使用词典：如果不确定某个单词的拼写或音节划分，就会去查词典；另外，如果觉得某个名词的复数形式可能比较特殊，也会用词典核对。 Passage B（同义词词典） If you want to write the sentences: I must run or I’ll miss the last bus. You are not fully satisfied with it because the word “run” is not enough to describe how hurried you felt at that time. But where can you find a more proper word? In a situation like this, you might need a thesaurus. A thesaurus is a kind of dictionary and words with similar meanings are grouped together there. It can help you find the most proper word to express your ideas. As for the sentence above, “fly” might be a better choice than “run”: I must fly or I’ll miss the last bus. With the help of a thesaurus, you can easily improve your writing. ★ Very few words are freely interchangeable. Take the word “good” as an example. If you look up “good” in a thesaurus, you will get words like “superb” and “acceptable”. However, “a good meal” is different from “a superb meal” or “an acceptable meal”. “A superb meal” is far better than you would have expected. “An acceptable meal” is not bad, but it’s not good enough. Using all kinds of words to express your point will make your writing more interesting. It will also help you communicate with your readers more clearly. As long as you use it correctly, a thesaurus can be a great tool. 1. In a thesaurus, we can find lists of words that have ________ meanings. A. funny B. similar C. opposite 2. Which of the following can be put in the “ ★ ” in Paragraph 3? A. To begin with, you can change the word into whatever you like. B. In fact, some words are funnier than other words. C. However, you must be careful when using a thesaurus. 3. To show how much you are satisfied with something, which of the following is correct? A. Superb>good>acceptable. B. Superb> acceptable> good. C. Acceptable> superb> good. 4. Why does the writer write this passage? A. To introduce some methods to learn new words. B. To call on people to read more passages. C. To encourage people to use the right words. 重点词汇梳理 proper /ˈprɒpə(r)/ adj. 恰当的 interchangeable /ˌɪntəˈtʃeɪndʒəbl/ adj. 可互换的 superb /suːˈpɜːb/ adj. 棒极了的 thesaurus /θɪˈsɔːrəs/ n. 同义词词典 长难句解析 原句1：（第一段第二句） You are not fully satisfied with it because the word “run” is not enough to describe how hurried you felt at that time. 译文：你对这个表达并不完全满意，因为 “run” 这个词不足以形容你当时那种急切的心情。 分析：前一分句主干为 You are not fully satisfied with it，If you want to write the sentences... 是条件状语从句，引出场景背景；后一分句 because the word “run” is not enough to describe how hurried you felt at that time 是原因状语从句，解释不满意的原因；其中 how hurried you felt at that time 是宾语从句，作 describe 的宾语，说明要描述的具体内容。 原句2：（第二段第二句）A thesaurus is a kind of dictionary and words with similar meanings are grouped together there. It can help you find the most proper word to express your ideas. 译文：同义词词典是词典的一种，它会把意思相近的单词归为一类。它能帮你找到最贴切的词语来表达想法。 分析：第一句主干为 A thesaurus is a kind of dictionary and words are grouped together there，是由 and 连接的并列句；with similar meanings 是介词短语作后置定语，修饰 words；第二句主干为 It can help you find the most proper word，to express your ideas 是不定式短语作目的状语，说明找词的目的。 译文 如果你想写下这句话：I must run or I’ll miss the last bus.（我必须跑起来，不然就赶不上末班车了。），但你对这个表达并不完全满意，因为 “run” 这个词不足以形容你当时那种急切的心情。可你要去哪里找一个更贴切的词呢？ 在这种情况下，你可能需要一本同义词词典。同义词词典也是词典的一种，它会把意思相近的单词归为一类，能帮你找到最贴切的词语来表达想法。 就拿刚才的句子来说，用 “fly” 可能比 “run” 更合适：I must fly or I’ll miss the last bus.（我得飞奔起来，不然就赶不上末班车了。）。借助同义词词典，你可以轻松提升自己的写作水平。 很少有单词可以完全自由替换。以 “good” 为例，如果你在同义词词典里查它，会得到 “superb” 和 “acceptable” 这类词。但 “a good meal”（一顿不错的饭）和 “a superb meal”（一顿绝佳的饭）、“an acceptable meal”（一顿还过得去的饭）是不一样的：“a superb meal” 的味道远超出你的预期；“an acceptable meal” 不算差，但也谈不上多好。 用丰富多样的词汇来表达观点，会让你的写作更生动有趣，也能让你和读者的沟通更清晰。只要使用得当，同义词词典会是一个非常棒的工具。 话题写作佳句积累 1. Learning English opens a door to a wider world of knowledge and communication. 学习英语为我们打开了一扇通往更广阔知识与交流世界的大门。 2. Consistent practice is the key to mastering English pronunciation and vocabulary. 持续练习是掌握英语发音和词汇的关键。 3. Reading English novels helps to improve both reading comprehension and writing skills. 阅读英文小说有助于提升阅读理解能力和写作水平。 4. Watching English movies without subtitles is an effective way to train listening comprehension. 看无字幕的英文电影是训练听力理解的有效方法。 5. Keeping an English diary allows us to express our thoughts and accumulate useful expressions. 坚持写英语日记能让我们抒发想法，并积累实用表达。 6. Joining an English corner provides a safe environment to practice spoken English. 参加英语角为我们提供了练习口语的安全环境。 7. Mistakes are an important part of the language learning process; we should not fear making them. 犯错是语言学习过程的重要部分，我们不应畏惧犯错。 8. Learning English grammar lays a solid foundation for constructing correct and logical sentences. 学习英语语法为构建正确且逻辑清晰的句子打下坚实基础。 9. Exposure to English every day, even for 15 minutes, can lead to significant progress over time. 每天接触英语，哪怕只有 15 分钟，长期下来也能取得显著进步。 10. Using English to communicate with native speakers helps us understand cultural differences and idiomatic expressions. 用英语与母语者交流能帮助我们理解文化差异和地道表达。 11. Memorizing words in context is more efficient than reciting them in isolation. 在语境中记单词比孤立背诵更高效。 12. English is not only a language but also a bridge connecting different cultures and civilizations. 英语不仅是一门语言，更是连接不同文化与文明的桥梁。 13. Setting clear learning goals can keep us motivated and focused on improving our English. 设定清晰的学习目标能让我们保持动力，专注于提升英语水平。 14. Translating Chinese articles into English is a good way to check our mastery of vocabulary and grammar. 将中文文章翻译成英文是检验我们词汇和语法掌握程度的好方法。 15. With patience and perseverance, anyone can achieve great success in learning English. 只要有耐心和毅力，任何人都能在英语学习中取得巨大成功。 实战演练 Passage 1 (2024-2025广州期中）Cold weather has a great effect on how our minds and our bodies work. Maybe that is why there are so many expressions that use the word “cold”. For example, the body’s blood has been connected closely with the emotions (情感). People who show no human emotions or feelings are said to be cold-blooded. Cold-blooded people act in cruel ways. Cold can affect (影响) other parts of the body. But the expression “get cold feet” has nothing to do with cold or your feet. It means being afraid to do something you have decided to do. For example, you agree to be the CEO or a company. But then you learn that all the other officers have resigned (辞职), and all the work of the company will be your responsibility. You are likely to get cold feet about being the CEO when you understand the situation. Cold can also affect your shoulder. The expression “give someone the cold shoulder” probably means turning your back towards someone, instead of speaking to him or her face to face. You may give the cold shoulder to a friend who has not kept a promise or lied to others about you. “A cold fish” is not a fish. It is a person. But it is a person who is unfriendly, unemotional and shows no love or warmth. A cold fish does not offer much of himself to anyone. Someone who is a cold fish could be cold-hearted. “Out in the cold” means not getting something that everybody else gets. A person might say that everybody but him got a pay rise—he was left out in the cold. And it is not a pleasant place to be. 1. What does it mean if you get cold feet? A. You feel brave to do something. B. You feel too cold to do something. C. You feel too afraid to do something. D. You feel very happy about doing something. 2. Who may you give a cold shoulder to? A. A helpful friend. B. An unfaithful friend. C. An unfriendly classmate. D. A hard-working classmate. 3. Which of the following best describes a person who is unwilling to offer much of himself to others? A. Cold-blooded. B. Getting cold feet. C. A cold shoulder. D. A cold fish. 4. What’s the passage mainly about? A. Opinions about cold weather. B. Expressions connected with “cold”. C. Examples of people who have a cold. D. The relation between “cold” and “body”. Passage 2 (2023-2024广州月考）Few words are spoken more often every day on the streets of Britain than “I’m sorry”. This phrase has become such a common response (反应) that it has taken on a lot of meanings. Saying “Sorry” means to apologize (道歉). This is simple and easy to understand. We learn it both as a native speaker and as a student of foreign languages. But in Britain, it takes on another meaning. It is a cultural expression. Imagine this: a man walks down the street, looking down at his phone. A woman is walking in the opposite direction, towards the man. She sees him, but she can’t get out of the way in time. The man bumps (碰撞) into the woman. Who should say sorry? Naturally, the man should say sorry, because it was he who wasn’t looking where he was going. Yet in Britain, it is common for both to apologize. It is known that British people, like most people, do not enjoy conflict (冲突). So to quickly calm the situation, British people will apologize to each other. Other times it may sound funny to hear “sorry”. Some of my friends say it at restaurants, as they ask the waiter: “ Sorry, but can I order another drink?” It is not to apologize, but just to express that we need the waiter. In Britain, sorry doesn’t always mean exactly what you think. 1. According to the passage, “saying sorry” is a cultural expression in ________. A. the USA B. the UK C. the WWF D. the UN 2. The example in the third paragraph is used to ________. A. describe a situation that people should avoid B. describe how “sorry” has another meaning in Britain C. explain why people should say sorry to each other D. show how polite British people are 3. The restaurant example shows that “sorry” can be used to ________. A. apologize B. calm a situation down C. explain what you’re thinking about D. ask a waiter to bring something 4. What might be a good title for this passage? A. “I’m Sorry” Is More Than just an Apology B. Traditional British Manners C. How to Best Catch Others’ Attention D. Finding a Way out of a Difficult Situation Passage 3 (2023-2024广州期中）If you’re studying English or another foreign language, you might be wondering, “How is this going to help me in my life?” As it turns out, just studying and thinking in a foreign language has its own benefits! In a 2012 study, Boaz Keysar, a professor at the University of Chicago in the US, led an experiment concerning the relationship between foreign languages and people’s way of thinking. In the experiment, people were asked to make a choice: Take a guarantee (保证) of one pound or take a 50 percent chance of winning 2.50 pounds. When presented with this choice in their native language, most people took the safe option of only getting one pound. But they were more willing to make the riskier choice when asked in a foreign language, leading to more profits overall, according to The Guardian. As Keysar put it, “People just hate the prospect (前景) of losing, but they hate it less in a foreign language.” In another study published this year, Keysar and his team did an experiment in which participants were given a series of related words like “dream”, “snooze (打盹)”, “bed” and “rest”. Later, when asked which words they remembered hearing, people were more likely to mistakenly remember “sleep”, which was not on the list, in their native language. But it was much less likely to happen if they did the test in a foreign language. As Keysar explained, people have more careful thinking when using a foreign language, leading to memories with greater accuracy (准确性). The foreign language effect may even stretch to our personality. Silvia Purpuri at the University of Trento, Italy, looked at people’s willingness to face uncertainty and enter unfamiliar situations. Being tolerant of uncertainty allows people to have more creative ideas and be more open to new things. It turns out that people naturally score more highly on this trait (特点) when they can speak or use a foreign language because speaking a foreign language requires taking risks. The evidence (证据) is clear: By learning a foreign language, you’re not just learning a language—you’re gaining a new state of mind. 1. In Keysar’s experiment, how did people make decisions in a foreign language compared with their native language? A. They were faster. B. They were more hopeful. C. They were more daring. D. They were more careful. 2. According to Keysar, how does using a foreign language affect memory? A. It improves memory recall speed. B. It increases memory accuracy. C. It improves long-term memory. D. It requires more repetitions for memorization. 3. According to the text, what is a potential benefit of being open to uncertainty? A. Increased creativity. B. Better learning ability. C. Greater self-confidence. D. Improved decision—making ability. 4. What does the text mainly talk about? A. How language learning affects memory. B. How learning foreign languages influences one’s future. C. Challenges of learning a foreign language. D. Advantages of learning a foreign language. Passage 4 “How are you?” is a nice question. It’s a friendly way that Americans greet each other. But “How are you?” is also a very unusual question that often doesn’t need an answer. The person who asks “How are you?” hopes to hear the answer “Fine”, even if the person’s friend isn’t fine. The reason is that “How are you?” isn’t really a question and “Fine” isn’t really an answer. They are simply other ways of saying “Hello” or “Hi”. Sometimes, people don’t say exactly what they mean. For example, when someone asks “Do you agree?”, the other person might think, “No, I disagree. I think you’re wrong.” But it isn’t very polite to disagree so strongly, so the other person might say “I’m not sure.” It’s a nicer way to say that you don’t agree with someone. People don’t say exactly what they are thinking when they want to end the conversation. For example, many talks over the phone finish when one person says “I’ve got to go now.” Often, the person who wants to hang up gives an excuse: “Someone’s at the door.” “Something is burning on the stove.” The excuses might be real or not. Perhaps the person who wants to hang up simply doesn’t want to talk any more, but it isn’t polite to say that. The excuse is more polite, and it doesn’t hurt the other person. Perhaps you will see people greeting each other, talking about an idea, or finishing a talk, but they don’t say exactly what they are thinking. It’s an important way that people try to be nice to each other, and it’s part of the game of language. 1. What does an American mean by saying “How are you”? A. He tries to greet you with kindness. B. He wants to know how is your day. C. He wishes to know what happened to you. D. He hopes to make sure you are friendly. 2. Which of the following may be best to show disagreement? A. I disagree with you. B. I’m afraid I am not sure. C. Certainly I think you are wrong. D. I really don’t agree with you. 3. What is a person probably thinking about when he says “Something is burning on the stove.”? A. Showing his terrible cooking feelings. B. Finishing talking as quickly as possible. C. Checking the food on the stove. D. Turning off the stove at once. 4. What can we learn from the passage? A. Always say what you mean. B. Better not disagree with other people. C. Never say exactly what you’re thinking about. D. Show your politeness when talking with others. Passage 5 (2025-2026广州期末）It was a busy weekend for English learning. I planned to practice Unit 1 skills and learn about Unit 2 festivals. On Saturday morning, I used the “Sound Lab” app to practice pronunciation, but I couldn’t get the “th” sound right. I felt 1 and wanted to give up. Just then, my cousin Lily called. She is good at English and 2 won a national English competition. She asked me to join her at the city’s 2025 Mid-Autumn Tech Fair. I agreed 3 . At the fair, we first went to a “3D Mooncake Making” area. The guide taught us to make mango yogurt mooncakes and said some English sentences like “This mooncake is made of mango”. I tried to repeat them, and Lily helped me 4 my pronunciation. It was much easier than practicing alone with the app! Then we visited a “Festival English Show” area. A student was describing Dragon Boat Festival customs in English. She used Unit 1 “by+doing” structure, like “People celebrate it by holding races”. I 5 took notes in my notebook. In the afternoon, we joined a “Word Link” game. We needed to connect Unit 2 festival words with pictures—like “zongzi” with a picture of rice dumplings. I won a small prize: a “Write Right” app membership. When I got home, I wrote an English diary about the fair. I used the “Write Right” app to check it, and it only found 2 mistakes. I felt 6 . This weekend taught me that English learning doesn’t have to be 7 . 8 combining it with festivals, I can learn in a fun way. Now I’m more 9 in Unit 1&2, and I’m 10 the next English learning activity. 1. A. happy B. upset C. excited D. proud 2. A. never B. hardly C. even D. almost 3. A. quickly B. slowly C. angrily D. sadly 4. A. improve B. forget C. break D. lose 5. A. carelessly B. clearly C. loudly D. carefully 6. A. sad B. happy C. bored D. tired 7. A. fun B. interesting C. boring D. easy 8. A. For B. By C. With D. Through 9. A. confident B. worried C. nervous D. afraid 10. A. looking up B. looking for C. looking forward to D. looking after Passage 6 (2023-2024深圳期中）How to speak English 1 ? I think it is a big 2 for most of the students now. But for me, it is not. Because I know a number of 3 to speak English well. Now I want to share them with you. Firstly, in my opinion, the most 4 thing is to be brave. I am not afraid of 5 mistakes(错误) when I speak. And I love speaking English. I want to speak English with foreigners when I 6 them. I’d like to take any chance to speak English. Secondly, I try to find all the ways to communicate in English with others. I have more English classes at 7 than half of the students. I choose English classes on Wednesday afternoons and Saturday mornings. I also have English classes on Sunday afternoons. I can 8 my spoken English and talk to teachers from Mexico, America or England. I also attend a summer camp that takes us to travel abroad and live in a host family. Finally, I believe there is 9 difficult if you try and work hard. Be brave and love to speak. Also, it is important to love English. I hope my ways that share with you are 10 you. 1. A. loudly B. quickly C. well D. early 2. A. problem B. dream C. habit D. change 3. A. plans B. orders C. roads D. ways 4. A. important B. different C. special D. comfortable 5. A. taking B. making C. wasting D. touching 6. A. find B. visit C. help D. meet 7. A. farm B. school C. village D. town 8. A. provide B. practise C. protect D. produce 9. A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everything 10. A. successful in B. famous for C. useful to D. thankful for 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Learning by doing 英语学习 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage A 阅读理解 说明文 211 本文主要介绍了学生使用词典的习惯对英语学习的影响。 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 228 本文主要介绍了同义词词典的功能和使用方法。 实战演练 Passage 1 阅读理解 说明文 291 本文主要介绍了四个和cold有关的日常表达。 Passage 2 阅读理解 说明文 243 本文主要介绍了在英国说“对不起”的不同含义。 Passage 3 阅读理解 说明文 372 本文描述了用外语学习和思考有其自身的好处。 Passage 4 阅读理解 说明文 277 本文主要介绍了英文表达“How are you?”的含义以及其他含蓄的英文表达。 Passage 5 完形填空 记叙文 284 本文主要讲述了作者通过参加科技博览会，将英语学习与节日活动结合，以有趣的方式提升语言能力的故事。 Passage 6 完形填空 记叙文 208 本文主要是作者分享了自己学习英语的经历，希望能帮助读者学好口语。 时文阅读 话题谚语小知识 · To have another language is to possess a second soul. —— Charlemagne 掌握另一门语言，便是拥有第二个灵魂。 —— 查理曼大帝 · Language is the road map of a culture. It tells you where its people come from and where they are going. —— Rita Mae Brown 语言是文化的路线图，它告诉你人们从何处来，又将往何处去。 —— 丽塔・梅・布朗 · The limits of my language mean the limits of my world. —— Ludwig Wittgenstein 我语言的边界，即是我世界的边界。 —— 路德维希・维特根斯坦 · Learning another language is not only learning different words for the same things, but learning another way to think about things. —— Flora Lewis 学习另一门语言，不只是为同一事物学习不同词汇，更是学习另一种思考事物的方式。 —— 弗洛拉・ 刘易斯 · If you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head. If you talk to him in his language, that goes to his heart. —— Nelson Mandela 如果你用一个人听得懂的语言与他交流，话语会进入他的脑海；如果你用他的母语与他交流，话语会走 进他的内心。 —— 纳尔逊・曼德拉 · Language is the dress of thought. —— Samuel Johnson 语言是思想的外衣。 —— 塞缪尔・约翰逊 · One language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way. —— Frank Smith 一种语言为你铺就人生的走廊，两种语言为你打开沿途每一扇门。 —— 弗兰克・史密斯 · The man who knows two languages is worth two men. —— French Proverb 懂两种语言的人，抵得上两个人的价值。 —— 法国谚语 · You can never understand one language until you understand at least two. —— Geoffrey Willans 除非你至少掌握两门语言，否则永远无法真正理解其中任何一门。 —— 杰弗里・威兰斯 · Language is not a genetic gift, it is a social gift. Learning a new language is becoming a member of the club – the community of speakers of that language. —— Frank Smith 语言并非天赋，而是一份社会馈赠。学习一门新语言，便是成为该语言使用者社群的一员。 —— 弗兰 克・史密斯 时文阅读 Passage A（学习工具——词典） Students who say they never or hardly ever used dictionaries often speak English well but usually write poorly, because they make many mistakes. The students who use dictionaries most do not learn especially well either. The ones who look up every new word do not read fast. Therefore, they do not have time to read much. Those who use small two-language dictionaries have the worst problems. Their dictionaries often give only one or two words as translations of English. But one English word often has many translations in a foreign language and one foreign word has many translations in English. The most successful students are those who use large college edition dictionaries with about 100,000 words but do not use them too often. When they are reading, these students first try to get the general idea and understand new words from the context (上下文). Then they reread and use the dictionary to look up only key words that they still do not understand. They use dictionaries more for writing. If they are not sure how to spell a word, or divide it into syllables, they always use a dictionary. Also, if they think a noun might have an unusual plural form, they check it in a dictionary. 1. The writer thinks that ________. A. if you choose a good dictionary, you’ll be successful in learning English B. dictionaries are not necessary for the students who learn English C. it is very important for students to use good dictionaries properly D. using dictionaries very often can’t help to improve writing 2. According to the passage, which of the following is wrong? A. Dictionaries have little effect on learning to speak English. B. Whatever new words you meet while reading, never use dictionaries. C. Small two-language dictionaries have serious disadvantages. D. Reading something for the first time, you’d better not use dictionaries. 3. When in the reading does the writer advise students to use a good dictionary? A. At the beginning of the reading. B. At the end of the reading. C. During the first reading. D. After the first reading. 4. This passage mainly tells us ________. A. that students shouldn’t use small two-language dictionaries B. what the defects of small two-language dictionaries are C. why students should use large college edition dictionaries D. what dictionary students should choose and how to use it 【参考答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. D 【导语】本文主要介绍了学生使用词典的习惯对英语学习的影响。作者分析了不使用词典、过度使用词典以及使用小型双语词典的弊端，并指出成功的学生往往使用的是大型大学版词典，且掌握了在阅读和写作中正确使用词典的方法。 1. 推理判断题。根据“The most successful students are those who use large college edition dictionaries…but do not use them too often.”可知，最成功的学生是那些使用大型大学版词典但并不频繁使用的人。这表明作者认为正确地使用好的词典对于学习英语的学生来说非常重要。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据“Then they reread and use the dictionary to look up only key words that they still do not understand.”可知，在重读时，学生会查阅那些他们仍然不懂的关键单词。选项B“无论你在阅读时遇到什么生词，都不要用词典。”这一表述过于绝对，与文中建议查阅“关键词”不符。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据“When they are reading, these students first try to get the general idea…Then they reread and use the dictionary…”可知，学生在阅读时首先尝试弄懂大意，然后再重读并使用词典。这意味着使用词典是在第一次阅读（获取大意）之后进行的。故选D。 4. 主旨大意题。本文围绕词典的使用展开，通过分析学习者的不同表现，强调了使用大型词典的重要性，并详细介绍了结合语境猜测词义、在重读时查阅关键词以及在写作中利用词典等正确方法。文章的核心目的在于指导学生选择合适的词典并掌握正确的使用策略。故选D。 重点词汇梳理 especially /ɪˈspeʃəli/ adv. 尤其 therefore /ˈðeəfɔː(r)/ adv. 因此 edition /ɪˈdɪʃn/ n. 版本 general /ˈdʒenrəl/ adj. 总的，普遍的 长难句解析 原句1：（第一段第一句）Students who say they never or hardly ever used dictionaries often speak English well but usually write poorly, because they make many mistakes. 译文：那些声称自己从未或几乎从不使用词典的学生，往往英语口语不错，但写作通常很差，因为他们会犯很多错误。 分析：句子主干为 Students often speak English well but usually write poorly。who say they never or hardly ever used dictionaries 是定语从句，修饰先行词 Students，说明是哪一类学生；because they make many mistakes 是原因状语从句，解释这类学生写作差的原因 原句2：（第三段第一句）The most successful students are those who use large college edition dictionaries with about 100,000 words but do not use them too often. 译文：最成功的学生是那些使用收录约 10 万个单词的大型大学版词典，但又不过度依赖词典的人。 分析：句子主干为 The most successful students are those。who use large college edition dictionaries... but do not use them too often 是定语从句，修饰先行词 those，限定 “成功学生” 的词典使用特征；with about 100,000 words 是介词短语作后置定语，修饰 dictionaries，说明词典的规模。 译文 那些声称自己从未或几乎从不使用词典的学生，往往英语口语不错，但写作通常很差，因为他们会犯很多错误。 过度使用词典的学生，学习效果也不是特别好。那些遇到每个生词都要查词典的学生，阅读速度很慢，因此没有办法读很多内容。使用小型双语词典的学生遇到的问题最严重 —— 这类词典往往只给一两个单词作为英文的释义，但一个英文单词在一门外语中通常有多种译法，反之亦然。 最成功的学生是那些使用收录约 10 万个单词的大型大学版词典，但又不过度依赖词典的人。阅读时，他们会先尝试把握文章大意，通过上下文理解生词；之后再重读文章，并用词典只查阅那些仍然不懂的关键词。他们更多是在写作时使用词典：如果不确定某个单词的拼写或音节划分，就会去查词典；另外，如果觉得某个名词的复数形式可能比较特殊，也会用词典核对。 Passage B（同义词词典） If you want to write the sentences: I must run or I’ll miss the last bus. You are not fully satisfied with it because the word “run” is not enough to describe how hurried you felt at that time. But where can you find a more proper word? In a situation like this, you might need a thesaurus. A thesaurus is a kind of dictionary and words with similar meanings are grouped together there. It can help you find the most proper word to express your ideas. As for the sentence above, “fly” might be a better choice than “run”: I must fly or I’ll miss the last bus. With the help of a thesaurus, you can easily improve your writing. ★ Very few words are freely interchangeable. Take the word “good” as an example. If you look up “good” in a thesaurus, you will get words like “superb” and “acceptable”. However, “a good meal” is different from “a superb meal” or “an acceptable meal”. “A superb meal” is far better than you would have expected. “An acceptable meal” is not bad, but it’s not good enough. Using all kinds of words to express your point will make your writing more interesting. It will also help you communicate with your readers more clearly. As long as you use it correctly, a thesaurus can be a great tool. 1. In a thesaurus, we can find lists of words that have ________ meanings. A. funny B. similar C. opposite 2. Which of the following can be put in the “ ★ ” in Paragraph 3? A. To begin with, you can change the word into whatever you like. B. In fact, some words are funnier than other words. C. However, you must be careful when using a thesaurus. 3. To show how much you are satisfied with something, which of the following is correct? A. Superb>good>acceptable. B. Superb> acceptable> good. C. Acceptable> superb> good. 4. Why does the writer write this passage? A. To introduce some methods to learn new words. B. To call on people to read more passages. C. To encourage people to use the right words. 【参考答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了同义词词典的功能和使用方法，强调正确使用词汇对提升写作的重要性。 1. 细节理解题。根据“A thesaurus is a kind of dictionary and words with similar meanings are grouped together there.”可知，词库是将“有相似含义的词”归类，similar“相似的”。故选B。 2. 推理判断题。根据第三段下文的例子（如“good”与“superb”、“acceptable”的差异）及警告“Very few words are freely interchangeable”（很少有单词可以完全互换），可推测出，此处应强调使用同义词词典时的注意事项。选项C“然而，使用同义词词典时必须谨慎。”与上下文逻辑一致。故选C。 3. 细节理解题。根据“‘A superb meal’ is far better than you would have expected. ‘An acceptable meal’ is not bad, but it’s not good enough.”可知，“超级大餐”远超预期，“可接受的餐食”不算差但不够好，故可知满意度排序为：superb > good > acceptable。故选A。 4. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，全文通过举例和说明同义词词典的功能，强调“正确选词”对写作和沟通的重要性。选项C“鼓励人们使用正确的词汇”最贴合写作目的。故选C。 重点词汇梳理 proper /ˈprɒpə(r)/ adj. 恰当的 interchangeable /ˌɪntəˈtʃeɪndʒəbl/ adj. 可互换的 superb /suːˈpɜːb/ adj. 棒极了的 thesaurus /θɪˈsɔːrəs/ n. 同义词词典 长难句解析 原句1：（第一段第二句） You are not fully satisfied with it because the word “run” is not enough to describe how hurried you felt at that time. 译文：你对这个表达并不完全满意，因为 “run” 这个词不足以形容你当时那种急切的心情。 分析：前一分句主干为 You are not fully satisfied with it，If you want to write the sentences... 是条件状语从句，引出场景背景；后一分句 because the word “run” is not enough to describe how hurried you felt at that time 是原因状语从句，解释不满意的原因；其中 how hurried you felt at that time 是宾语从句，作 describe 的宾语，说明要描述的具体内容。 原句2：（第二段第二句）A thesaurus is a kind of dictionary and words with similar meanings are grouped together there. It can help you find the most proper word to express your ideas. 译文：同义词词典是词典的一种，它会把意思相近的单词归为一类。它能帮你找到最贴切的词语来表达想法。 分析：第一句主干为 A thesaurus is a kind of dictionary and words are grouped together there，是由 and 连接的并列句；with similar meanings 是介词短语作后置定语，修饰 words；第二句主干为 It can help you find the most proper word，to express your ideas 是不定式短语作目的状语，说明找词的目的。 译文 如果你想写下这句话：I must run or I’ll miss the last bus.（我必须跑起来，不然就赶不上末班车了。），但你对这个表达并不完全满意，因为 “run” 这个词不足以形容你当时那种急切的心情。可你要去哪里找一个更贴切的词呢？ 在这种情况下，你可能需要一本同义词词典。同义词词典也是词典的一种，它会把意思相近的单词归为一类，能帮你找到最贴切的词语来表达想法。 就拿刚才的句子来说，用 “fly” 可能比 “run” 更合适：I must fly or I’ll miss the last bus.（我得飞奔起来，不然就赶不上末班车了。）。借助同义词词典，你可以轻松提升自己的写作水平。 很少有单词可以完全自由替换。以 “good” 为例，如果你在同义词词典里查它，会得到 “superb” 和 “acceptable” 这类词。但 “a good meal”（一顿不错的饭）和 “a superb meal”（一顿绝佳的饭）、“an acceptable meal”（一顿还过得去的饭）是不一样的：“a superb meal” 的味道远超出你的预期；“an acceptable meal” 不算差，但也谈不上多好。 用丰富多样的词汇来表达观点，会让你的写作更生动有趣，也能让你和读者的沟通更清晰。只要使用得当，同义词词典会是一个非常棒的工具。 话题写作佳句积累 1. Learning English opens a door to a wider world of knowledge and communication. 学习英语为我们打开了一扇通往更广阔知识与交流世界的大门。 2. Consistent practice is the key to mastering English pronunciation and vocabulary. 持续练习是掌握英语发音和词汇的关键。 3. Reading English novels helps to improve both reading comprehension and writing skills. 阅读英文小说有助于提升阅读理解能力和写作水平。 4. Watching English movies without subtitles is an effective way to train listening comprehension. 看无字幕的英文电影是训练听力理解的有效方法。 5. Keeping an English diary allows us to express our thoughts and accumulate useful expressions. 坚持写英语日记能让我们抒发想法，并积累实用表达。 6. Joining an English corner provides a safe environment to practice spoken English. 参加英语角为我们提供了练习口语的安全环境。 7. Mistakes are an important part of the language learning process; we should not fear making them. 犯错是语言学习过程的重要部分，我们不应畏惧犯错。 8. Learning English grammar lays a solid foundation for constructing correct and logical sentences. 学习英语语法为构建正确且逻辑清晰的句子打下坚实基础。 9. Exposure to English every day, even for 15 minutes, can lead to significant progress over time. 每天接触英语，哪怕只有 15 分钟，长期下来也能取得显著进步。 10. Using English to communicate with native speakers helps us understand cultural differences and idiomatic expressions. 用英语与母语者交流能帮助我们理解文化差异和地道表达。 11. Memorizing words in context is more efficient than reciting them in isolation. 在语境中记单词比孤立背诵更高效。 12. English is not only a language but also a bridge connecting different cultures and civilizations. 英语不仅是一门语言，更是连接不同文化与文明的桥梁。 13. Setting clear learning goals can keep us motivated and focused on improving our English. 设定清晰的学习目标能让我们保持动力，专注于提升英语水平。 14. Translating Chinese articles into English is a good way to check our mastery of vocabulary and grammar. 将中文文章翻译成英文是检验我们词汇和语法掌握程度的好方法。 15. With patience and perseverance, anyone can achieve great success in learning English. 只要有耐心和毅力，任何人都能在英语学习中取得巨大成功。 实战演练 Passage 1 (2024-2025广州期中）Cold weather has a great effect on how our minds and our bodies work. Maybe that is why there are so many expressions that use the word “cold”. For example, the body’s blood has been connected closely with the emotions (情感). People who show no human emotions or feelings are said to be cold-blooded. Cold-blooded people act in cruel ways. Cold can affect (影响) other parts of the body. But the expression “get cold feet” has nothing to do with cold or your feet. It means being afraid to do something you have decided to do. For example, you agree to be the CEO or a company. But then you learn that all the other officers have resigned (辞职), and all the work of the company will be your responsibility. You are likely to get cold feet about being the CEO when you understand the situation. Cold can also affect your shoulder. The expression “give someone the cold shoulder” probably means turning your back towards someone, instead of speaking to him or her face to face. You may give the cold shoulder to a friend who has not kept a promise or lied to others about you. “A cold fish” is not a fish. It is a person. But it is a person who is unfriendly, unemotional and shows no love or warmth. A cold fish does not offer much of himself to anyone. Someone who is a cold fish could be cold-hearted. “Out in the cold” means not getting something that everybody else gets. A person might say that everybody but him got a pay rise—he was left out in the cold. And it is not a pleasant place to be. 1. What does it mean if you get cold feet? A. You feel brave to do something. B. You feel too cold to do something. C. You feel too afraid to do something. D. You feel very happy about doing something. 2. Who may you give a cold shoulder to? A. A helpful friend. B. An unfaithful friend. C. An unfriendly classmate. D. A hard-working classmate. 3. Which of the following best describes a person who is unwilling to offer much of himself to others? A. Cold-blooded. B. Getting cold feet. C. A cold shoulder. D. A cold fish. 4. What’s the passage mainly about? A. Opinions about cold weather. B. Expressions connected with “cold”. C. Examples of people who have a cold. D. The relation between “cold” and “body”. 【参考答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. B 【导语】本文主要介绍了四个和cold有关的日常表达。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“But the expression ‘get cold feet’ has nothing to do with cold or your feet. It means being afraid to do something you have decided to do.”可知，“get cold feet”意为你害怕做某事。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据“You may give the cold shoulder to a friend who has not kept a promise or lied to others about you.”可知，你可能会对一个没有遵守承诺或对别人撒谎的朋友冷淡对待。故选B。 3. 推理判断题。根据第四段中“‘A cold fish’ is not a fish. It is a person. But it is a person who is unfriendly, unemotional and shows no love or warmth. A cold fish does not offer much of himself to anyone. Someone who is a cold fish could be cold-hearted.”可知，“A cold fish.”这个表达可以描述一个不愿为他人奉献自己的人，故选D。 4. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文主要介绍了四个和cold有关的日常表达。故选B。 Passage 2 (2023-2024广州月考）Few words are spoken more often every day on the streets of Britain than “I’m sorry”. This phrase has become such a common response (反应) that it has taken on a lot of meanings. Saying “Sorry” means to apologize (道歉). This is simple and easy to understand. We learn it both as a native speaker and as a student of foreign languages. But in Britain, it takes on another meaning. It is a cultural expression. Imagine this: a man walks down the street, looking down at his phone. A woman is walking in the opposite direction, towards the man. She sees him, but she can’t get out of the way in time. The man bumps (碰撞) into the woman. Who should say sorry? Naturally, the man should say sorry, because it was he who wasn’t looking where he was going. Yet in Britain, it is common for both to apologize. It is known that British people, like most people, do not enjoy conflict (冲突). So to quickly calm the situation, British people will apologize to each other. Other times it may sound funny to hear “sorry”. Some of my friends say it at restaurants, as they ask the waiter: “ Sorry, but can I order another drink?” It is not to apologize, but just to express that we need the waiter. In Britain, sorry doesn’t always mean exactly what you think. 1. According to the passage, “saying sorry” is a cultural expression in ________. A. the USA B. the UK C. the WWF D. the UN 2. The example in the third paragraph is used to ________. A. describe a situation that people should avoid B. describe how “sorry” has another meaning in Britain C. explain why people should say sorry to each other D. show how polite British people are 3. The restaurant example shows that “sorry” can be used to ________. A. apologize B. calm a situation down C. explain what you’re thinking about D. ask a waiter to bring something 4. What might be a good title for this passage? A. “I’m Sorry” Is More Than just an Apology B. Traditional British Manners C. How to Best Catch Others’ Attention D. Finding a Way out of a Difficult Situation 【参考答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 4. A 【导语】本文主要介绍了在英国说“对不起”的不同含义。它不仅仅是道歉的意思，有时还表示我们需要帮助的意思。 1. 细节理解题。根据“Few words are spoken more often every day on the streets of Britain than ‘I’m sorry’.”可知，在英国的街头，每天很少有比“对不起”更频繁地说的话了。因此说“对不起”是英国的一种文化表达。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据“But in Britain, it takes on another meaning. It is a cultural expression. Imagine this:…”可知，第三自然段的例子是被用来描述“对不起”在英国有另一种含义的。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据“Some of my friends say it at restaurants, as they ask the waiter: ‘Sorry, but can I order another drink?’ It is not to apologize, but just to express that we need the waiter.”可知，我的一些朋友在餐馆对服务员时说：“对不起，我可以再点一杯吗？”，这里“对不起”不是道歉，只是为了表达我们需要服务员。故选D。 4. 最佳标题题。根据全文可知，本文主要介绍了在英国说“对不起”的不同含义。它不仅仅是道歉的意思，有时还表示我们需要帮助的意思。选项A“‘对不起’不仅仅是道歉”可作为文章最佳标题。故选A。 Passage 3 (2023-2024广州期中）If you’re studying English or another foreign language, you might be wondering, “How is this going to help me in my life?” As it turns out, just studying and thinking in a foreign language has its own benefits! In a 2012 study, Boaz Keysar, a professor at the University of Chicago in the US, led an experiment concerning the relationship between foreign languages and people’s way of thinking. In the experiment, people were asked to make a choice: Take a guarantee (保证) of one pound or take a 50 percent chance of winning 2.50 pounds. When presented with this choice in their native language, most people took the safe option of only getting one pound. But they were more willing to make the riskier choice when asked in a foreign language, leading to more profits overall, according to The Guardian. As Keysar put it, “People just hate the prospect (前景) of losing, but they hate it less in a foreign language.” In another study published this year, Keysar and his team did an experiment in which participants were given a series of related words like “dream”, “snooze (打盹)”, “bed” and “rest”. Later, when asked which words they remembered hearing, people were more likely to mistakenly remember “sleep”, which was not on the list, in their native language. But it was much less likely to happen if they did the test in a foreign language. As Keysar explained, people have more careful thinking when using a foreign language, leading to memories with greater accuracy (准确性). The foreign language effect may even stretch to our personality. Silvia Purpuri at the University of Trento, Italy, looked at people’s willingness to face uncertainty and enter unfamiliar situations. Being tolerant of uncertainty allows people to have more creative ideas and be more open to new things. It turns out that people naturally score more highly on this trait (特点) when they can speak or use a foreign language because speaking a foreign language requires taking risks. The evidence (证据) is clear: By learning a foreign language, you’re not just learning a language—you’re gaining a new state of mind. 1. In Keysar’s experiment, how did people make decisions in a foreign language compared with their native language? A. They were faster. B. They were more hopeful. C. They were more daring. D. They were more careful. 2. According to Keysar, how does using a foreign language affect memory? A. It improves memory recall speed. B. It increases memory accuracy. C. It improves long-term memory. D. It requires more repetitions for memorization. 3. According to the text, what is a potential benefit of being open to uncertainty? A. Increased creativity. B. Better learning ability. C. Greater self-confidence. D. Improved decision—making ability. 4. What does the text mainly talk about? A. How language learning affects memory. B. How learning foreign languages influences one’s future. C. Challenges of learning a foreign language. D. Advantages of learning a foreign language. 【参考答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. D 【导语】本文描述了用外语学习和思考有其自身的好处。 1. 细节理解题。根据“As Keysar explained, people have more careful thinking when using a foreign language, leading to memories with greater accuracy (准确性).”可知，在Keysar的实验中，与母语相比，人们在使用外语时更加认真。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据“As Keysar explained, people have more careful thinking when using a foreign language, leading to memories with greater accuracy (准确性).”可知，根据Keysar的说法，使用外语能够提高记忆的准确性。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据“Being tolerant of uncertainty allows people to have more creative ideas and be more open to new things.”可知，面对不确定性和进入陌生环境的容忍度更高的人会有更多的创造性想法，并且更开放。故选A。 4. 主旨大意题。根据“As it turns out, just studying and thinking in a foreign language has its own benefits!”和通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了学习外语的好处。故选D。 Passage 4 “How are you?” is a nice question. It’s a friendly way that Americans greet each other. But “How are you?” is also a very unusual question that often doesn’t need an answer. The person who asks “How are you?” hopes to hear the answer “Fine”, even if the person’s friend isn’t fine. The reason is that “How are you?” isn’t really a question and “Fine” isn’t really an answer. They are simply other ways of saying “Hello” or “Hi”. Sometimes, people don’t say exactly what they mean. For example, when someone asks “Do you agree?”, the other person might think, “No, I disagree. I think you’re wrong.” But it isn’t very polite to disagree so strongly, so the other person might say “I’m not sure.” It’s a nicer way to say that you don’t agree with someone. People don’t say exactly what they are thinking when they want to end the conversation. For example, many talks over the phone finish when one person says “I’ve got to go now.” Often, the person who wants to hang up gives an excuse: “Someone’s at the door.” “Something is burning on the stove.” The excuses might be real or not. Perhaps the person who wants to hang up simply doesn’t want to talk any more, but it isn’t polite to say that. The excuse is more polite, and it doesn’t hurt the other person. Perhaps you will see people greeting each other, talking about an idea, or finishing a talk, but they don’t say exactly what they are thinking. It’s an important way that people try to be nice to each other, and it’s part of the game of language. 1. What does an American mean by saying “How are you”? A. He tries to greet you with kindness. B. He wants to know how is your day. C. He wishes to know what happened to you. D. He hopes to make sure you are friendly. 2. Which of the following may be best to show disagreement? A. I disagree with you. B. I’m afraid I am not sure. C. Certainly I think you are wrong. D. I really don’t agree with you. 3. What is a person probably thinking about when he says “Something is burning on the stove.”? A. Showing his terrible cooking feelings. B. Finishing talking as quickly as possible. C. Checking the food on the stove. D. Turning off the stove at once. 4. What can we learn from the passage? A. Always say what you mean. B. Better not disagree with other people. C. Never say exactly what you’re thinking about. D. Show your politeness when talking with others. 【参考答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 4. C 【导语】本文主要介绍了英文表达“How are you?”的含义以及其他含蓄的英文表达。 1. 细节理解题。根据“They are simply other ways of saying ‘Hello’ or ‘Hi’.”可知，美国人说“How are you”只是礼貌地打招呼。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据“But it isn’t very polite to disagree so strongly, so the other person might say ‘I’m not sure.’ It’s a nicer way to say that you don’t agree with someone.”可知，表示不同意最好的方式是说“恐怕我不确定”。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据“Often, the person who wants to hang up gives an excuse: ‘Someone’s at the door.’ ‘Something is burning on the stove.’ The excuses might be real or not. Perhaps the person who wants to hang up simply doesn’t want to talk any more, but it isn’t polite to say that.”可知，当有人说：“炉子上有东西有烧着呢。”，这人极有可能想尽快结束谈话。故选B。 4. 主旨大意题。根据“Perhaps you will see people greeting each other, talking about an idea, or finishing a talk, but they don’t say exactly what they are thinking.”可知，也许你会看到人们互相问候，谈论一个想法，或者结束一次谈话，但他们并没有确切地说出他们正在想什么。由此推知文章告诉人们永远不要说出你真正想说的话。故选C。 Passage 5 (2025-2026广州期末）It was a busy weekend for English learning. I planned to practice Unit 1 skills and learn about Unit 2 festivals. On Saturday morning, I used the “Sound Lab” app to practice pronunciation, but I couldn’t get the “th” sound right. I felt 1 and wanted to give up. Just then, my cousin Lily called. She is good at English and 2 won a national English competition. She asked me to join her at the city’s 2025 Mid-Autumn Tech Fair. I agreed 3 . At the fair, we first went to a “3D Mooncake Making” area. The guide taught us to make mango yogurt mooncakes and said some English sentences like “This mooncake is made of mango”. I tried to repeat them, and Lily helped me 4 my pronunciation. It was much easier than practicing alone with the app! Then we visited a “Festival English Show” area. A student was describing Dragon Boat Festival customs in English. She used Unit 1 “by+doing” structure, like “People celebrate it by holding races”. I 5 took notes in my notebook. In the afternoon, we joined a “Word Link” game. We needed to connect Unit 2 festival words with pictures—like “zongzi” with a picture of rice dumplings. I won a small prize: a “Write Right” app membership. When I got home, I wrote an English diary about the fair. I used the “Write Right” app to check it, and it only found 2 mistakes. I felt 6 . This weekend taught me that English learning doesn’t have to be 7 . 8 combining it with festivals, I can learn in a fun way. Now I’m more 9 in Unit 1&2, and I’m 10 the next English learning activity. 1. A. happy B. upset C. excited D. proud 2. A. never B. hardly C. even D. almost 3. A. quickly B. slowly C. angrily D. sadly 4. A. improve B. forget C. break D. lose 5. A. carelessly B. clearly C. loudly D. carefully 6. A. sad B. happy C. bored D. tired 7. A. fun B. interesting C. boring D. easy 8. A. For B. By C. With D. Through 9. A. confident B. worried C. nervous D. afraid 10. A. looking up B. looking for C. looking forward to D. looking after 【参考答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. C 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者通过参加科技博览会，将英语学习与节日活动结合，以有趣的方式提升语言能力的故事。 1. 句意： 我感到沮丧并想放弃。 happy高兴的；upset沮丧的；excited兴奋的；proud自豪的。根据“I couldn’t get the ‘th’ sound right”和“wanted to give up”可知，发音困难导致负面情绪，想放弃说明很沮丧。故选B。 2. 句意： 她擅长英语，甚至赢得过全国英语比赛。 never从不；hardly几乎不；even甚至；almost几乎。根据“won a national English competition” 可知，此处强调“出乎意料”的成就，用even。故选C。 3. 句意： 我很快同意了。 quickly快速地；slowly缓慢地；angrily生气地；sadly悲伤地。根据“She asked me to join her… I agreed”可知，应是很快答应了。故选A。 4. 句意：我试着重复它们，Lily帮我改善发音。 improve改善；forget忘记；break打破；lose失去。根据“helped me…my pronunciation” 及后文“easier than practicing alone”可知，是改善发音。故选A。 5. 句意： 我认真地在笔记本上做笔记。 carelessly粗心地；clearly清晰地；loudly大声地；carefully认真地。根据“took notes”及学习目的可知，应是认真做笔记。故选D。 6. 句意：我感到很开心。 sad悲伤的；happy开心的；bored无聊的；tired疲惫的。根据“only found 2 mistakes”可知，错误很少，所以作者应很开心。故选B。 7. 句意： 这个周末教会了我英语学习不一定非得是无聊的。 fun有趣的；interesting有趣的；boring无聊的，无趣的；easy容易的。根据后文“learn in a fun way”可知，学习英语不必是枯燥无聊的。故选C。 8. 句意： 通过将它与节日结合起来，我可以以一种有趣的方式学习。 For为了；By通过；With用；Through穿过。根据“combining it with festivals”可知，此处是介绍学习方法，表示方式方法用by。故选B。 9. 句意：现在我对第一单元和第二单元更有信心了，我期待着下一次的英语学习活动。 confident自信的；worried担忧的；nervous紧张的；afraid害怕的。根据全文作者参加博览会的积极的学习体验可知，作者心态转变，所以应是对学习有信心了。故选A。 10. 句意： 现在我对第一单元和第二单元更有信心了，我期待着下一次的英语学习活动。 looking up查阅；looking for寻找；looking forward to期待；looking after照顾。根据“fun way”和“the next English learning activity”及全文可知，作者通过参加活动受益良多，所以应是对下次活动很期待。故选C。 Passage 6 (2023-2024深圳期中）How to speak English 1 ? I think it is a big 2 for most of the students now. But for me, it is not. Because I know a number of 3 to speak English well. Now I want to share them with you. Firstly, in my opinion, the most 4 thing is to be brave. I am not afraid of 5 mistakes(错误) when I speak. And I love speaking English. I want to speak English with foreigners when I 6 them. I’d like to take any chance to speak English. Secondly, I try to find all the ways to communicate in English with others. I have more English classes at 7 than half of the students. I choose English classes on Wednesday afternoons and Saturday mornings. I also have English classes on Sunday afternoons. I can 8 my spoken English and talk to teachers from Mexico, America or England. I also attend a summer camp that takes us to travel abroad and live in a host family. Finally, I believe there is 9 difficult if you try and work hard. Be brave and love to speak. Also, it is important to love English. I hope my ways that share with you are 10 you. 1. A. loudly B. quickly C. well D. early 2. A. problem B. dream C. habit D. change 3. A. plans B. orders C. roads D. ways 4. A. important B. different C. special D. comfortable 5. A. taking B. making C. wasting D. touching 6. A. find B. visit C. help D. meet 7. A. farm B. school C. village D. town 8. A. provide B. practise C. protect D. produce 9. A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everything 10. A. successful in B. famous for C. useful to D. thankful for 【参考答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. C 【导语】本文主要是作者分享了自己学习英语的经历，希望能帮助读者学好口语。 1. 句意：如何说好英语？ loudly大声地；quickly快速地；well好地；early早地。根据“speak English well”可知，此处指说好英语，故选C。 2. 句意：我认为这对大多数学生来说是一个大问题。 problem问题；dream梦想；habit习惯；change改变。根据“But for me, it is not. Because I know a number of …to speak English well”可知，说好英语对于作者来说不是一个问题，但对于大多数学生是一个问题，故选A。 3. 句意：因为我知道很多说好英语的方法。 plans计划；orders顺序；roads马路；ways方法。根据“I know a number of …to speak English well.”及下文的介绍可知，分享一些说好英语的方法，故选D。 4. 句意：首先，在我看来，最重要的是要勇敢。 important重要的；different不同的；special特别的；comfortable舒适的。根据“the most…thing is to be brave”可知，想说好英语最重要的是勇敢，故选A。 5. 句意：我说话不怕出错。 taking带走；making制造；wasting浪费；touching触摸。make mistakes“犯错误”，固定搭配，故选B。 6. 句意：当我遇到外国人时，我想和他们说英语。 find找到；visit拜访；help帮助；meet遇见。根据“I want to speak English with foreigners when I… them”可知，遇见外国人就想说英语，故选D。 7. 句意：我在学校的英语课比一半的学生都多。 farm农场；school学校；village村庄；town城镇。根据“have more English classes”可知，上英语课的地方是在学校，故选B。 8. 句意：我可以练习我的英语口语，和来自墨西哥、美国或英国的老师交谈。 provide提供；practise练习；protect保护；produce生产。根据“my spoken English”及“talk to teachers from Mexico, America or England”可知，与来自不同国家的老师交流，来练习口语，故选B。 9. 句意：最后，我相信只要你努力，没有什么是困难的。 nothing没什么事；something某事；anything任何事；everything一切。根据“if you try and work hard”可知，只要努力没什么是困难的，故选A。 10. 句意：我希望我与你分享的方法对你有用。 successful in在……方面成功；famous for因……而出名；useful to对……有用；thankful for因……而感谢。根据“I hope my ways that share with you are … you”可知，希望分享的方法能有用，故选C。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $