2026届高三英语模拟阅读理解(说明文)试题汇总一

目录 浙江省普通高中尖峰联盟2025-2026学年高三上学期10月联考英语试题 3 2026届浙江省浙江省新阵地教育联盟高三上学期第一次模拟预测英语试题 4 2026届浙江省天域全国名校协作体高三一模英语试题 6 2026届浙江省强基联盟高三上学期10月一模英语试题 8 2026届大湾区普通高中毕业年级联合模拟考试 10 广东省深圳市高级中学高中园2025-2026学年高三第一阶段测试英语试题 12 重庆市西南大学附属中学2025-2026学年高三10月月考英语试卷 13 浙江嘉兴市第一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期第二次模拟英语试题 16 山东省名校考试联盟2025-2026学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题 17 浙江省金华十校2025-2026学年高三上学期11月考试英语试题 18 2026届浙江省绍兴市高三上学期一模英语试卷 21 2026届浙江省宁波市海曙区等5地高三一模英语试题 22 2026届浙江省ZDB联盟高三一模英语试题 23 重庆市巴蜀中学校2025-2026学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题 25 山东省烟台市2025-2026学年高三上学期期中学业水平诊断英语试题 26 山东省名校考试联盟2025-2026学年高三上学期期中检测英语试题 27 2026届浙江温州一模英语卷 30 2026届浙江省台州高三一模英语试题 34 山东省潍坊市2025-2026学年高三上学期期中阶段性检测英语试题 35 重庆市第十八中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试卷 39 重庆市2025-2026学年高三上学期11月期中调研考试英语试题 40 山东省青岛市2025-2026学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题 42 江苏省盐城市2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题 43 湖南省长沙市长郡中学2025-2026学年高三上学期11月月考英语试题 45 2026届浙江省稽阳联谊高三上学期一模英语试题 50 2025~2026学年12月南京七校联合学情调研 52 2026届上海市徐汇区高三上学期英语一模 53 广东省2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考 55 金丽衢十二校2025学年高三第一次联考英语试题 57 聊城四中2025届高三12月份月考 61 山东省实验中学2026届高三第三次诊断考试 62 Z20+名校联盟(浙江省名校新高考研究联盟)2026届高三第二次联考 63 重庆市沙坪坝区重庆市第八中学校2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考英语 67 云南民族大学附属高级中学2026届高三联考卷（四） 69 重庆市渝中区巴蜀中学校2025-2026学年高三上学期12月 71 重庆八中2025-2026学年度（上）高三年级第五次周考 72 诸暨市2025年12月高三诊断性考试试题 74 西安中学 2026届高三质量检测考试(三) 76 山东省济宁市兖州区2025-2026学年高三上学期期中英语试题 80 江西省多校联考2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题 81 江苏省无锡市六校联考2025-2026学年高三上学期12月英语试卷 82 无锡江阴三校联考2025年秋学期12月质量调研 84 汉中市普通高中高三年级第一次教学质量检测考试 86 2026届浙江省浙江七校联盟一模英语试题 87 杭州学军中学2026首考适应性考试 89 山东省九五高中协作体2025-2026学年高三上学期12月质量检测英语试卷 91 山东省大联考2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题 93 2026届浙江省北斗星盟高三一模英语试题 94 云南省昆明市第一中学2025-2026学年高三上学期第五次月考英语试卷 95 2025届山东省烟台第二中学高三英语第二次模拟考试（B卷） 96 2025届山东省烟台第二中学高三英语第二次模拟考试（A卷） 97 湖南省长沙市天心区长郡中学2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题 99 山东省济宁市2025-2026学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题 101 山东省青岛市部分学校2025-2026学年高三上学期1月期末调研英语试题 103 浙江省普通高中尖峰联盟2025-2026学年高三上学期10月联考英语试题 C Have you ever wondered why certain songs or paintings feel deeply satisfying? Language expert Jay Keyser’s research finds that repetition makes art speak to us. Artists like jazz musician Duke Ellington and painter Andy Warhol purposefully use repetition — not simply as copying, but as a clever “same, but different” skill. In Ellington’s Satin Doll, for example, the rhythm repeats while the notes stay high or low, and the song’s words mirror this pattern. Warhol’s soup cans appear alike at first sight, yet each design changes a little. This skill called “same/except” by Jay Keyser in his book Play it again, Sam — makes art feel richer and more pleasant to our brains. Interestingly, discovering repetition brings much more. Consider a photograph of the US city of Albuquerque that is often discussed for its meaning. Look closer, and you may find that a dog sits in the center with a street sign shadow to its right copying its shape. Recognizing this hidden pattern, as Keyser suggests, repays us with unexpected pleasure and more. Training our eyes to notice such patterns — whether in poetry, paintings or songs — unlocks new meaning. Why does repetition create such a connection? According to Keyser, science offers an answer: the mere exposure effect (单纯曝光效应). Just as a baby grows fond of a mother’s face through repeated sights, we naturally develop a liking for familiar patterns. Advertisers use this by repeating product names to build trust. Artists harness it too — Warhol’s repeated cans or a song’s repeated catchy parts make us feel comforted and connected. Keyser shows great art works with the brain’s makeup. When artists repeat certain parts with changes, the art is in line with how our minds seek order, expect patterns, and gain joy from “finding” connections — though we are not aware of it. By studying how artists skillfully apply the “same/except” skill across mediums, and by connecting these choices with science, we gain the key to admiring creativity’s universal magic. This makes everyday experiences with music, paintings, and words much richer. 8. What does the “same/except” skill focus on? A. Non-traditional artistic styles. B. Combining different art forms. C. Repetition with slight variations. D. Breaking all patterns completely. 9. What does the example of the Albuquerque photo highlight? A. Fun designs attract more attention. B. Admiring street art lifts one’s spirits. C. Repetition enriches art experiences. D. Famous art deserves lasting discussion. 10. What does the underlined word “harness” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Take advantage of. B. Turn down. C. Have control of. D. Make out. 11. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A. Art sometimes matches our mindset. B. Science explains artistic techniques. C. Artists use repetition unconsciously. D. Creativity is the key to admiring art. 2026届浙江省浙江省新阵地教育联盟高三上学期第一次模拟预测英语试题 C Can doctors make better cancer treatment decisions if they consult fish? Previous studies have shown that zebrafish avatars could help identify cancer treatments. Rita Fior, a developmental biologist and her colleagues now want to determine whether that ability can benefit patients. Zebrafish avatars are tiny, fast-growing models of individual cancer patients created by transplanting the patient's own tumor (肿瘤) cells into 2-day-old zebrafish embryos (胚胎). These tiny fish then act as living substitutes for the patient, allowing researchers to test multiple cancer drugs or radiation on the patient's tumor cells within 4-7 days — far quicker than traditional mouse models. In a 2024 report in Nature Communications, the scientists generated avatars for 55 patients and put the fish on the same type of chemo-therapy the people received. For 50 of the patients, the fish “predicted” the outcome of treatment. An added benefit, Fior says, is that avatars can reveal key characteristics of tumors such as whether they are likely to spread. Zebrafish are more similar to humans than cell cultures and far cheaper to raise than mice. The small, transparent embryos are also easier to analyze, says Sofia de Oliveira, a biologist at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine. “You can visualize the whole animal under the microscope,” she explains, “and easily determine the spread of cancer cells.” In the clinical trial, Fior and her team will test that promise by separating cancer cells from the fluid that builds up in the stomach of people whose cancer cells have spread outside the original site and is usually drained as part of treatment. “We are not doing an extra procedure on the patients,” she says. The cells will then be implanted into the fish embryos. Instead of testing experimental drugs, as many other clinical trials do, the study will determine which combination of treatments works best. Most of the patients will receive medications suggested by the zebrafish results. 8. What are zebrafish avatars? A. Models of mouse embryos. B. Radiation on the tumor cells. C. Drugs for multiple cancers. D. Replacements for cancer patients. 9. How do zebrafish avatars help doctors with cancer treatments? A. By forecasting treatment results. B. By predicting where tumors will spread. C. By killing tumor cells in cancer patients. D. By transplanting zebrafish cells into humans. 10. What makes zebrafish an ideal species for cancer research? A. Their similarity to cell cultures. B. Their small sizes and dark embryos. C. Their low cost and ease of analysis. D. Their complex appearance and structure. 11. What is the primary goal of the clinical trial led by Fior and her team? A. To develop new experimental drugs for cancers. B. To test the safety of chemo-therapy on zebrafish. C. To identify the ideal combination of cancer therapies. D. To separate cancer cells from the fluid of cancer patients. D Why do some people feel such a strong bond with celebrities, and what does this reveal about their personality and values? A new study published in the International Journal of Psychology has found that people who strongly admire celebrities tend to score higher in both materialism and narcissism (自恋). The study also found that people who perceive themselves as similar to their favorite celebrity are more likely to have these attitudes. The study, conducted by Davis, Locker, and Williams, recruited 215 undergraduates, mostly women, who completed a battery of questionnaires measuring their attitudes toward celebrities, materialistic values, and narcissistic tendencies. Participants also answered newly created questions that assessed how similar they felt to their favorite celebrity in terms of personality, appearance, or lifestyle. Celebrity worship was assessed with the Celebrity Attitude Scale (量表). Materialism was measured by examining how much value people place on owning things, how important possessions are to their identity, and whether they believe material goods make them happier. Narcissism was measured in two forms: grandiose narcissism (characterized by confidence, entitlement, and dominance) and vulnerable narcissism (marked by insecurity, sensitivity to criticism, and a preoccupation with self-image). The results showed a consistent relationship between celebrity worship and materialism. People who scored higher on celebrity worship also tended to place greater importance on money, status, and possessions. When it came to narcissism, only the vulnerable type, people with higher levels of emotional insecurity and self-focus, were more likely to feel strongly connected to celebrities. Most importantly, perceived similarity — whether in appearance, behavior, or personality — stood out as one of the strongest predictors of celebrity worship. The researchers concluded, “celebrity worship is a complex construct, but perceived similarity with a favorite celebrity and vulnerable narcissism may be fruitful avenues for future research.” Still, an important question remains: do people idolize celebrities because they already feel similar to them, or do they start to see themselves as similar after forming an emotional attachment? 12. What is paragraph 2 about? A. The research background. B. The research subjects. C. The research results. D. The research method. 13. According to the study, who are more likely to worship celebrities? A. Those indifferent to wealth and social status. B. Those valuing self-confidence and dominance. C. Those emotionally insecure and self-focused. D. Those seeking spiritual growth beyond possessions. 14. According to the researchers, what might be a direction of future research? A. Celebrity worship. B. Grandiose narcissism. C. Materialism. D. Perceived similarity. 15. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To explain celebrity worship psychology. B. To warn against the dangers of celebrity culture. C. To criticize celebrity materialism and narcissism. D. To describe scales for measuring personality traits. 2026届浙江省天域全国名校协作体高三一模英语试题 D Doctor Dolittle, the well-known, fictional naturalist who famously possesses the ability to converse with animals and understand their languages has now inspired a high-paying science prize aimed at cracking the challenge of interspecies communication. A grand prize of $500,000, awaits whichever research team can make real progress: not just decoding the language of another species but using it to draw a reply from an animal. Last week, an initial $100,000 went to a US team studying dolphin whistles — after decades of recording bottlenose dolphins in Florida, they identified around 20 distinct messaging whistles. The Coller Dolittle Challenge financed by Jeremy Coller, a vegan and animal lover, is unashamedly modelled on the Turing test (图灵测试). That 20th-century test promotes efforts to design a machine capable of imitating human conversation, and became a touchstone in the evolution of AI. It also became a focus for concerns about machines tricking, even taking over, humans. The ability to commune with other species is likely to raise similar, unsettling questions as research progresses. If we were able to decode animal chatter, should this knowledge change how we treat them, whether as pets, labour or food? The prize presents a moral challenge and it forces us to reconsider our relationships with other species. Philosopher Jonathan Birch, also a judge of the Jeremy Coller Centre, stressed that the Challenge is looking beyond the interspecies communication we have with pets, or that a farmer has with a sheepdog. Those relationships involve signalling and behavioural responses, Birch explains, “but that’s not telling us how animals communicate with each other... this prize is about understanding it so well that we can start to join the conversation.” While Coller hopes his charity will reshape our attitude to animals, the truth is that even groundbreaking research has largely failed to move the dial on their welfare. Recent work on cephalopod’s (头足类动物) intelligence has not stopped plans to farm the creatures. We might one day be able to understand what animals are saying — but there is no guarantee we will listen. 32. Why is Turing test mentioned in the passage? A. To stress its role and value in AI progress. B. To show its difference from the Challenge. C. To warn of concerns the Challenge may face. D. To show its use in interspecies communication. 33. Which research would Birch approve of to win the prize? A. People communicating with their pets. B. People directing sheepdogs during work. C. Researchers recording how cattle communicate. D. Researchers interacting with birds using whistles. 34. What does the “move the dial” mean in the last paragraph? A. Make a change. B. Win the prize. C. Slow the process. D. Continue the research. 35. What’s the author’s attitude toward the practical effect of the research? A. Optimistic. B. Doubtful. C. Objective. D. Dismissive. 2026届浙江省强基联盟高三上学期10月一模英语试题 C As the global population continues to expand, traditional farming methods are struggling to provide enough food. However, an innovative agricultural company in Compton, Los Angeles, may have the solution. Their revolutionary farming system could transform food production, offering remarkable efficiency and sustainability. It’s far from the storybook picture of a farm — no mud, no boots, no hens pecking in the yard. Unlike conventional farms, this high-tech facility operates without soil, heavy machinery, or pesticides. Instead, it relies on automation and advanced plant science to maximize output. Using precisely calibrated (符合标准的) LED lighting and nutrient delivery systems, the facility produces up to 350 times more yields compared to traditional farms while using just 10% of the water — and it can be replicated (复制) almost anywhere. The entire process — from planting seeds to packaging produce — is automated. From the moment a worker tips seeds into the sowing machine, robots take over. Nearly 80 plant scientists study best growing conditions for each plant, working with over 100 engineers who translate these findings into hardware and software solutions. “Plants are really just little software programs,” explains one of the scientists. By studying plant DNA without changing it, scientists can program qualities like growth, flavor, and nutrition. For instance, exposing plants to blue light at specific growth cycles creates leaves with a satisfying crunch at harvest. The same principles can enhance antioxidant levels in vegetables by up to 40%. Since crops never contact soil, pesticides, or human hands, they require no washing — reducing both water waste and contamination risks. One of the greatest threats to the natural world is habitat loss due to farmland expansion. If successful, farms like this could reduce deforestation while meeting food demands. Yet the high costs — including energy-intensive artificial lighting — may block global adoption, particularly in developing nations where infrastructure is limited. Could this be the future of agriculture? With its incredible efficiency, minimal environmental impact, and potential for worldwide replication, this high-tech farming model may soon become essential in feeding our growing world — if the challenges of scaling and affordability can be overcome. 28. What is the main feature of the innovative farming system? A. It demands water-free technology. B. It gets high yields with little input. C. It is widely introduced in the world. D. It mixes old and new farming methods. 29. What is the scientists’ major role in the process of the farming system? A. They are gene editors. B. They are machine operators. C. They are system monitors. D. They are plant programmers. 30. What may limit the worldwide spread of this farming system? A. Low public acceptance. B. Great farmland loss. C. Poor production facilities. D. High energy demands. 31. What is the author’s attitude toward the future of agriculture? A. Optimistic. B. Critical. C. Indifferent. D. Doubtful. D When we think about what makes humans unique, a good sense of humor is often high on the list. Laughter and playful teasing seem like traits only we possess. However, recent research suggests that animals — particularly great apes — may also engage in behavior that resembles humor. A study led by primatologist (灵长类动物学家) Isabelle Laumer at the Max Planck Institute reveals fascinating insights. “We documented young apes deliberately sneaking up to hit adults, then waiting expectantly for a reaction,” Laumer explains. “This isn’t random play — it meets all the criteria of intentional teasing.” Over 75 hours of video recordings showed this behavior mirrors how human children joke: repetitive, surprising, and aimed at seeking responses. The researchers noted that the apes even paused to watch for the adult’s reaction, much like a child waiting to see if their joke landed. But humor in animals may not be limited to apes. Dog owners often notice their pets making breathy, snorting sounds during play, which some scientists interpret as laughter. In a 2025 study, researchers found that playing these sounds to shelter dogs reduced their stress levels. Similarly, dolphins emit joyful sounds during play-fighting, elephants trumpet excitedly when playing, and some parrots tease other animals — like confusing dogs with whistles — just for fun. Why might animals exhibit humor? In humans, laughter strengthens social connections and eases tension. Scientists argue that playful teasing in apes or “laughter” in dogs could serve a similar purpose — breaking the ice and reinforcing relationships. Some researchers believe these behaviors may have evolved (进化) to help animals manage complex social ranks or reduce conflict. However, Laumer cautions that more research is needed to confirm this theory, as observing humor in animals remains challenging. While we may never know if animals understand punchlines, their behaviors hint at humor’s deep evolutionary roots. As Laumer reflects: “The line between human and animal laughter isn’t as sharp as we thought.” 32. What did Laumer’s study find about young apes? A. They enjoy teasing others. B. They often fight in groups. C. They seek adult protection. D. They learn from human kids. 33. What does the underlined word “trumpet” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Wag. B. Smile. C. Nod. D. Shout. 34. Why might animals show humor? A. To improve social status. B. To strengthen social bonds. C. To win in complex conflicts. D. To get much more pleasure. 35. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Animal Social Behaviors B. Do Animals Copy Our Laughs? C. Animals Play Tricks Too D. Why Animals Understand Humor? 2026届大湾区普通高中毕业年级联合模拟考试 A Climate change could have large impacts on food production across the world. Rising Temperatures might boost crop production in cold regions but negatively impact production in warmer areas. Wheat and rice — which benefit from more CO2 in the atmosphere — could see growing output, while corn and sorghum (高粱) could see a decline with warmer temperatures. Farmers can adjust their practices to a warmer climate in four key ways: A recent study by experts modeled three adaptation methods — changing WHAT, changing WHEN and changing both of them. The chart below shows their impact on the output of corn, rice, sorghum, soybean (大豆) and wheat. These three adaptation methods can already go some way to relieve climate pressures in some countries. But, of course, we don’t only care about crop production at the global level. If farmers in particular regions — especially those that are most food-insecure — cannot adapt to climate change, this is still a major problem. So there is more we can do in the future. 1. What should farmers change if they are short of money and labour? A. WHAT. B. WHERE. C. WHEN. D. HOW. 2. Which crop may benefit most if farmers plant improved varieties? A. Corn. B. Rice. C. Sorghum. D. Wheat. 3. What should be done in the future? A. To help the farmers in need. B. To adopt the three methods. C. To focus on crop production. D. To move to colder regions. C Children are born with the curiosity to explore. Yet over time they are becoming less curious about science. Why? This loss of interest may be partly the result of language cues (提示) children hear. And these cues don’t come just from parents; they can also come from school teachers who treat science as an identity rather than actions. When talking to children, many adults might say things like “Let’s be scientists today!” or “You’re such a good scientist!”. But this kind of identity-focused language, which focuses on science as an identity rather than activities and actions that people do, can be demoralizing for young children. One study showed that children as young as four, especially girls, kept their interest longer when their cue to participate in science activities was “Let’s do science” rather than “Let’s be scientists.” One possibility is that when thinking of a scientist, children might picture a white man. If they don’t share that identity, they lose interest in an activity designed “for scientists.” This stereotypical (刻板印象的) belief that science is reserved for only certain-kinds of people emerges surprisingly early. By the first grade, when asked to draw a scientist, children tend to draw a white man. The good news is that language cues can also be directed to promote engagement with science. Describing science as actions that we take, for example, seems to protect young children’s interest in science over time. But it’s also true that teenagers are actively trying on and ultimately forming different identities for themselves. So in contrast to its demoralizing effects on young children, identity-focused language may help teens stay interested in science. In another study, cueing a future identity based on science (such as “scientist” or “doctor”) motivated middle schoolers to do more homework and was associated with higher grades. Consequently, adults had better use different language cues for children of different age groups to maintain their curiosity about science. 8. What does the underlined word “demoralizing” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Inappropriate. B. Impolite. C. Unconvincing. D. Discouraging. 9. Why was action-focused language especially effective to young girls? A. Because it avoids identity conflict in girls’ mind. B. Because stereotypical belief is reserved for girls. C. Because it enhances girls’ engagement in science. D. Because it shows the activity is designed for girls. 10. What may be the author’s suggestion for parents and teachers? A. To treat language as cues. B. To use identity-focused language. C. To adopt flexible strategies. D. To help teenagers form identities. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Why Is Action Better than Identity? B. How Do Parents Raise Young Scientists? C. How Does Age Affect Science Learning? D. What Affects Children’s Interest in Science? 广东省深圳市高级中学高中园2025-2026学年高三第一阶段测试英语试题 C Methane (甲烷) has spread into the atmosphere through leaks from rice fields, landfills, dairy farms and coal mines, becoming a hidden driver behind near-term global warming. Though short-lived in the atmosphere for just 7-12 years, methane traps much more heat than CO₂. Cutting its emissions (排放) is therefore a key route to slowing near-term warming of the climate, especially as these emissions have been increasing recently. New research suggests that a specially grown methane-eating bacteria (细菌) called methanotrophs may offer a solution to control these methane leaks. Originally found in a lake in Russia, these tiny organisms work by “eating” methane. When air with methane flows through a large container holding the bacteria, they turn the methane into proteins, which will be harvested and sold for animal feed. While this does release small amounts of greenhouse gas, the net effect is less warming power in the air. Tests show they could reduce methane by 60 to 80 percent in air that has been treated. Lidstrom and her colleagues at the University of Washington have been working to improve the bacteria’s ability to harvest methane even at relatively low levels. “Since existing bacteria are designed by nature to carry out this work, the vision is to use this inborn ability as a flexible technology worldwide,” says Mary Lidstrom. “Once it becomes profitable, this solution can grow to handle millions of tons of methane every year, providing a nature-based solution to reducing methane in the atmosphere,” she adds. It’s an exciting approach, but she warns that this method is not a silver bullet for all methane emissions. Still, the potential is significant: when expanded, it could remove 24 million tonnes of CO₂ equals by mid-century. Similar work by Canada’s Lisa Stein, who uses methanotrophs in wetlands, highlights the broader promise. “Methanotrophs have huge potential to address real-world methane emissions,” she notes, with a landfill pilot and an agricultural trial set to roll out this year to build on that progress. 8. Why is methane’s nature highlighted in the first paragraph? A. To detail its human-related sources. B. To explain its short-lived consequences. C. To show the urgency of its reduction. D. To emphasize its uncommon existence. 9. How do methanotrophs work? A. They harvest methane for animal feed. B. They remove CO₂ from the atmosphere. C. They transform methane into protein. D. They absorb methane as an energy source. 10. What does “not a silver bullet” imply in paragraph 3? A. It is not a universal fix for every case. B. It fails to reduce methane emissions. C. Its efficiency isn’t proven by field tests. D. Its long-term effects remain unknown. 11. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. Bacteria: A Source of Methane Feed. B. CO₂: A Less Harmful Greenhouse Gas. C. Methane: A Global Warming Hidden Threat. D. Methanotrophs: A Prospective Methane Treatment. 重庆市西南大学附属中学2025-2026学年高三10月月考英语试卷 C From rolling hills to mountain ranges, views make any road trip memorable, but for blin d passengers this is part of the experience they miss. Motor company Ford tries to change that. It teamed up with GTB Rom a and AedoProject—to develop a technology that will give those unfortunate passengers a way to feel nature’s beauty through their car windows. The prototype (原型) of the smart car window has a device with an outside-facing camera. With just a press of a button, the system takes a picture of the current view. The colorful picture is then turned into an image with different shades of grey through, LED lights, which vibrates (震动) differently. As the finger passes over different regions of the image, its shaking movements provide feedback through the sense of touch to the person using it. The smart window also comes with a voice assistant that uses AI to identify the scene and help the passengers get information on what they’re seeing. “As the prototype started taking shape, we realized we were giving birth to a completely new language that would give blind people a new chance to visualize and experience traveling,” Federico Russo.-one director of GTBRoma, said. “When the idea was at its first stage, we looked for suppliers all around the world to make it come to life.” He believes the technology can be employed not just in cars. “It could be introduced into schools and in stituations for blind people as a tool that could be used in multiple ways.” The technology may show up in a Ford autonomous vehicle. It’s known that the company is testing their technology and future business model and struggling to figure out how an autonomous vehicle gives different passengers the details needed to get from one destination to another. It’s unclear when this technology will be made available. However, the idea of building something for the less advanced is indeed a kind and influential action. 8. How does the smart car window work? A. By sorting shaking movements. B. By recording the view with a camera. C. By translating scenery into vibrations. D. By presenting different shades of colors. 9. What can we know about the technology according to Federico Russø? A. It will have wide application. B. It will be used in schools first. C. It will be tested around the world. D. It will understand different languages. 10. What difficulty is Ford facing currently? A. How to explore their future business model. B. How the technology is applied to everyday life. C. How to produce autonomous cars in large numbers. D. How an autonomous vehicle provides route information. 11. Which can be the best title for the text? A. AI-based Window Adds Fun to Road Trips B. Ford Develops a System for the Blind to Drive C. Smart Window Lets Blin d Passengers Feel Views D. Technology Makes Blind People’s Trip Enjoyable D Have you ever forgotten items when trying to recall a shopping list? Or dialled the wrong phone number when attempting to memorise one? The brain mechanisms (机制) that cause us to draw a blank in such situations have now been identified. Our working memory keeps small pieces of information that are readily accessible for planning, understanding and solving problems. But it will have “swap errors”. For example, if we are shown a red square and a blue circle, and are then asked what colour the circle was, we might say red. To understand why we make such errors, Jeff Johnston at Columbia University and his colleagues recorded the brain activity of two monkeys because a monkey’s working memory is very similar to humans’. The monkeys were shown two differently coloured squares, one above the other, for half a second. After a short delay, a black spot appeared in the same location as one of the squares, and then disappeared. The animals were trained to tell the colour of the square they were supposed to be remembering based on the location of the spot, by staring at the matching colour on a rotatable (可旋转的) wheel. When doing this for about 3 hours over multiple sessions, the monkeys performed the task correctly between 60 and 82 percent of the time, but occasionally made swap errors. The research suggests that the brain responses linked to swap errors emerged before the animals decided which colour to report. They appeared to arise during “selection” when certain items stored in working memory are enhanced at the expense of others, rather than occurring as a result of them forgetting or a failure to correctly encode (编码) items in their working memory. “Everyone assumed there were simpler explanations like failure to encode or forgetting, but this very cool study shows that working memory errors come from a previously unknown source,” says Earl Miller at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The team is planning further experiments to gain a better understanding of mechanisms behind swap errors. 12. What is the function of working memory? A. To identify the errors in understanding. B. To reduce the occurrence of mind blanking. C. To develop the way of distinguishing colours. D. To store information ready for mental use. 13. What were the monkeys tasked with in the research? A. Correcting their errors over multiple sessions. B. Playing a matching game on a rotatable wheel. C. Reporting the colour of the square to memorize. D. Figuring out the exact position of the black spot. 14. What does the research suggest about swap errors? A. They are unusual brain responses. B. They show a tendency for forgetfulness. C. They have an effect on working memory. D. They are the outcome of memory selection. 15. What is Earl Miller’s attitude towards the research findings? A. Unclear. B. Appreciative. C. Objective. D. Negative. 浙江嘉兴市第一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期第二次模拟英语试题 C In the north Indian desert town of Jaisalmer, which is also known as “The Golden City” for its array of yellow sandstone architecture, temperatures can reach about 120 degrees Fahrenheit(49℃) at the height of summer. Here, buildings have long been designed to adapt to the heat, a tradition that New York architect Diana Kellogg has followed with her work on the Rajkumari Ratnavati Girls’ School. The project is meant to empower girls through education in a region where the female literacy rate (识字率) is the lowest in India. Named the 2020 “Building of the Year” by Architectural Digest India, the eco-friendly sandstone school opened in November 2021 and 120 girls are currently admitted in its curriculum. Designing a comfortable learning space can be challenging in the heart of the Thar desert, where climate change is making drought longer and more intense. Kellogg, who usually designs high-end residential projects, was motivated by a 2014 trip to Jaisalmer. She wanted the building to symbolize the hope of the desert by combining aspects of time-honored Jaisalmer architecture with a modern design. “There are methods to cool spaces that have been used for centuries. What I did is to put them together in a combination that worked,” Kellogg said, adding that indoor temperatures at the school are approximately 20-30 degrees Fahrenheit lower than the outdoors. For the structure, she chose to use locally sourced sandstone — a climate-resilient material that’s been long used for buildings in the area. “It’s so abundant in this area. It’s very reasonable in price and the stone is so manageable that talented stonemasons can shape it like magicians,” Kellogg said. Air conditioning isn’t used anywhere in the building, not just because of its environmental impact but because it isn’t common in the area. By adopting traditional and natural cooling mechanisms that the students are familiar with instead, she believes they can get sense of comfort from their surroundings, leading to greater confidence. 8. What was the Rajkumari Ratnavati Girls’ School intended to do? A. To strengthen girls’ abilities by schooling. B. To showcase its modern architectural skills. C. To attract more tourists to the Indian desert. D. To offer free education to the local children. 9. How did Kellogg overcome the challenge? A. By shortening the time of construction. B. By using the most advanced cooling technology. C. By copying the style of high-end residential projects. D. By combining traditional methods with modern design. 10. Why was sandstone chosen to build the school? A. It represented the spirit of hope. B. It was the only material available there. C. It was local, cheap and easy to work with. D. It made the building look more advanced. 11. What’s the best title for the text? A. The Challenges of Building in the Thar Desert B. A School Empowering Girls with Smart Design C. The Hottest City and Its Traditional Architecture D. Diana Kellogg: A Famous Architect in New York 山东省名校考试联盟2025-2026学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题 D In a 2023 experiment by Apollo Research, OpenAI’s GPT-4 was tasked with managing a fictional company’s stock under strict instructions to avoid illegal insider trading. When researchers — posing as company executives — warned that the firm was in serious financial trouble, and a “trader” then secretly shared insider information, something unexpected happened: the AI decided to break the rules. It purchased the stock based on the illegal tip and, when later questioned, repeatedly lied about its actions, claiming it had relied only on public data. This incident illustrates a troubling trend: AI models, even without consciousness, are increasingly capable of deliberate deception (欺骗). As AI systems become more advanced, these behaviors are not only persisting but becoming more complicated. Newer models like OpenAI’s No. 1, which possess stronger reasoning capabilities, have demonstrated more frequent “strategic deception”. In one test, an AI pretending to be a person with visual disability tricked a human into solving a CAPTCHA test. Other models have learned to “play dumb”, intentionally failing simple tasks to avoid restrictions. In modern society, AI is increasingly being fixed in real-world systems, such as autonomous vehicles, drones and industrial equipment. If these systems learn to deceive their operators, the consequences could range from financial fraud (诈骗) and operational failures to more serious threats to public safety. AI companies are exploring ways to detect and prevent deceptive behaviors — for example, by using one AI model to monitor the internal reasoning of another. However, some experts warn that punishing deceptive models might only teach them to become better at hiding their actions rather than promoting honest behavior. What makes the situation especially challenging is that AI deception often appears unpredictably during training, without programmers understanding how it occurs. As AI grows more powerful and autonomous, ensuring that it remains truthful and in line with human values is becoming one of the most urgent issues in technology ethics. 32. How does the author introduce the topic? A. By telling a story. B. By presenting a test. C. By creating a context. D. By designing an experiment. 33. What is an example of AI “strategic deception”? A. Getting mercy with make-up excuses. B. Correcting grammar mistakes in a text. C. Appealing to people with abundant data. D. Solving complex mathematical problems. 34. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The wide range of AI systems. B. The smart application of AI tools. C. The potential risk of AI deception. D. The significant operation of AI safety. 35. What is the biggest challenge in addressing AI deception? A. Dishonest AI models. B. AI’s unpredictability. C. Complex human values. D. Energy consumption. 浙江省金华十校2025-2026学年高三上学期11月考试英语试题 A Sound is measured in decibels (dB) (分贝) . There are many sounds in the environment, from rustling leaves (20 dB) to a normal conversation (60 dB) , from a screaming baby (80dB) to a subway train (100 dB) . Sounds that reach 85 dB or higher can harm a person's ears. Permissible Exposure Time How long can a person be exposed to a certain sound before risking hearing damage? According to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, for every 3 dB sound Pressure level over 85 dB, the permissible exposure time is cut in half — before damage to Our hearing can occur. Sound Pressure Level Permissible Exposure Time 85 dB 8 hours 88 dB 4 hours 91 dB 2 hours Four Commonest Types of Noise Pollution ● Road vehicles are one major source of noise pollution. This is more concentrated in urban areas where there is a much higher number of vehicles. ● Fireworks, used generally for celebrations, are beautiful. However, they can be very loud, and scary! There is no real way of dealing with it, as fireworks are used so briefly. ● Construction work cause loud and disturbing noises which can make it hard to concentrate. Most countries have laws in place preventing construction work from taking place between certain times. ● Animals also cause noise pollution. For example, if you live on a road where somebody keeps their dog outside for hours on end while it barks constantly, that's really annoying. Obviously, noise pollution is a widespread issue. But the consequences of this pollution are often underestimated. According to WHO estimates, at least 1 million healthy life-years are lost annually from traffic-related environmental noise alone in western Europe. It is time that the effects of noise pollution on public health receive more attention. 21. What is the permissible exposure time to the noise of a subway train? A. 8 hours. B. 1 hour. C. 30 minutes. D. 15 minutes. 22. Which type of noise pollution already has legal restrictions in most countries? A. Road vehicles. B. Fireworks. C. Construction work. D. Animals. 23. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. There is a lack of attention to public health. B. Noise pollution is most serious in western Europe. C. Noise pollution has become the deadliest pollution. D. There is insufficient awareness of the harm of noise pollution. D Your team uses AI to draft ad copy, create blog posts, design graphics, or even generate product ideas. But when that content performs well (or gets copied) , one question keeps coming up: who actually owns it? It feels like it should be yours. But under current U.S. law, it might not be. According to the U.S. Copyright (版权) Office, content that is entirely created by AI without human input is not qualified for copyright protection. This means if an AI tool creates an image or writes a full blog post with no editing or guidance from a human, no one owns it. Then what counts as enough human input? Some AI tools let you guide the process, make changes to the results, or shape the final outcome. If a person plays a meaningful role in shaping the content by editing, combining, or making decisions, that work may be protected. But the line is still unclear. Submitting a prompt (提示词) isn’t enough. You’ll need to show that a human made real creative choices and contributed something original beyond just giving instructions. Even if the work cannot be copyrighted, you still need to think about who owns the work. If you’re using AI with the help of outside contractors (外包商) , make sure your agreements clearly state that all rights to the work, including AI-assisted work, are yours. Without that, the person who operated AI might have a claim to the output. Every AI platform has its own terms of use. Some say you own the output. Others say they can reuse or store it. Some platforms even restrict commercial use. If you’re building content into your product design, you need to know what your AI tool allows and whether your competitors could end up using the same content you paid for. AI law is still being shaped. But businesses don’t have time to sit back and see how it unfolds. You need clear policies, well-written contracts, and smart review systems in place now. Otherwise, you could be investing time and money into content that offers no legal protection and leaves your business exposed. 32. What makes AI-created content qualified for copyright protection? A. Its great performance. B. Creative human involvement. C. Its complex generation process. D. Prompts submitted by humans. 33. What does the author suggest readers do with AI platforms? A. Operate the AI tool themselves. B. Make a claim to the paid output. C. Get familiar with the user agreement. D. Avoid the platform used by competitors. 34. What does the author think of the current AI law? A. It is outdated. B. It is immature. C. It is overprotective. D. It is ineffective. 35. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. What to Know about AI Tools? B. Where will AI Platforms Lead Us? C. Who Owns AI-generated Content? D. How to Protect Your AI-Assisted Work? 2026届浙江省绍兴市高三上学期一模英语试卷 D You go on a beach trip or look out the airplane window, and you could swear the ocean is looking a bit teal. Is the ocean getting greener? It is, according to a recent study in Nature. “The ocean is getting greener because there is more phytoplankton (浮游植物), which contain the pigment chlorophyll (光合色素) that absorbs blue and red light,” said Chris Robbins, associate director of science at the Ocean Conservancy. Moreover, over the past 20 years, there has been a significant greening of the oceans, according to the study. The likely contributor is greenhouse gas emissions. “Emissions are heating up the ocean, resulting in a sharper temperature differential that is dividing the ocean into a shallower warm layer and deeper cold layer,” Robbins explained, “This prevents the transfer of nutrients from the ocean depths to surface waters where phytoplankton live,” he explained. Having fewer nutrients could favor phytoplankton species, meaning they gather at the surface and make the ocean appear greener. However, this greening isn’t dangerous to people. “There is no indication that the increases in phytoplankton species causing the greening effect are harmful,” Robbins said. Scientists are still trying to figure out what this green trend might mean for fish and other sea life. “It could hurt some species while benefiting others,” Robbins said. “If the newly dominant algae (藻类) cannot be eaten by animals that rely on algae for food, there could be spread effects, with some species losing and some winning,” Robbins added. “It could reorganize predator — prey dynamics.” If certain in-demand fish don’t fare well in this new Hunger Games scenario, it could mean a seafood shortage. “If we want to reverse the shift and the changes in the ocean’s ecosystem, we need to focus on replacing fossil fuels with clean energy,” Robbins said. In addition, scientists are working to pinpoint the exact changes in the ocean. Ongoing studies could shed more light on what else is going on under the sea and how it will ultimately impact all of us. 12. What accounts for the greener ocean? A. The sharp decline in marine biodiversity. B. The huge expansion of algae near coasts. C. The massive nutrient transfer between oceans. D. The growing surface algae due to greenhouse gases. 13. Which of the following best describes the impact of ocean greening? A. Destructive. B. Uncertain. C. Harmless. D. Beneficial. 14. What does Robbins suggest about reversing ocean ecosystem changes? A. Switching to clean energy. B. Using more fossil fuels. C. Reducing ocean pollution. D. Controlling ocean greening. 15. What is the author’s main purpose of writing the passage? A. To promote the use of clean energy. B. To advocate marine life protection. C. To explore the greening of the ocean. D. To propose solutions to ocean pollution. 2026届浙江省宁波市海曙区等5地高三一模英语试题 D David Uttal, a scientist at Northwestern University, has always been poor at finding his way. At 13, he got lost on a Boy Scout hike for two and a half days. The world is full of people like Uttal- and their opposites, the folks who always seem to know exactly where they are and how to get where they want to go. These differences are obvious, but explaining them has proved challenging. Now, research using virtual reality suggests that to some extent, navigational (导航的) skills are shaped by upbringing. A 2020 study highlighted this. The researchers compared the performance of more than 2,600 twins as they navigated through a virtual environment to test whether navigational ability runs in families. It does, they found — but only modestly. Instead, the biggest contributor to people’s performance was what geneticists call “nonshared environmental factors” — the unique experiences each person accumulates as their life unfolds. Good navigators, it appears, are mostly made, not born. Another large-scale experiment provided further insight. Researchers developed a smartphone game, “Sea Hero Quest”, in which players navigate through a virtual environment to locate checkpoints. Based on data from nearly four million players worldwide, they discovered that cultural factors were linked to wayfinding skills. People from Nordic countries, where the navigation sport of orienteering is popular, performed slightly better. Results like these suggest that life experience may be one of the biggest determinants of navigational ability. Indeed, experience may even underlie one of the most consistent findings in navigation: that men tend to perform better than women. Turns out this gender gap is more a question of culture and experience than of born ability. Nordic countries, for example, where gender equality is greatest, show almost no gender difference in navigation. In contrast, men far outperform women in places where women face cultural restrictions on exploring their environment. To Uttal, these findings carry an optimistic implication. “The good news is that navigation is trainable,” he notes, “It’s never too late to become a better navigator. You just need to give yourself opportunities to explore and pay attention to your surroundings.” 32. What did the 2020 study on twins reveal about navigational ability? A. It is largely determined by genes. B. It is learned through experience. C. It varies little among individuals. D. It remains constant in a person’s life. 33. How was the “Sea Hero Quest” experiment conducted? A. By testing brain activity during play. B. By observing how players navigate. C. By comparing the Nordics with others. D. By analyzing smartphone game data. 34. Why do men often outperform women in navigation? A. Men benefit from practicing sports. B. Women lack interest in doing so. C. Men possess stronger space memory. D. Women have fewer chances to explore. 35. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. What Can “Sea Hero Quest” Teach Us? B. Why Do Some People Always Get Lost? C. How Does VR Improve Navigational Skills? D. Who Are Better Navigators: Men or Women? 2026届浙江省ZDB联盟高三一模英语试题 C When we think about high school’s lasting impact, we often focus on grade point averages, extracurricular activities, and close friendships. But according to a new study, the influence of high school stretches far beyond the teenage years and into our very bodies. The study tracked a nationally representative sample of individuals who were high school sophomores (二年级的) and seniors in 1980. Researchers followed these participants into their early 50s and found strong links between high school experience and midlife body mass index (BMI). This relationship held even when accounting for college education, academic attainment, and weight during high school itself. This research argues that high schools are more than institutions of learning — they are health shapers. For decades, we’ve known that educational attainment is linked to health outcomes, including weight. But this study pushes the timeline back, suggesting that the process of becoming educated — especially the early stages that happen in high school — is just as crucial. So, what parts of high school matter? It turns out that attending private schools, being in high socioeconomic status (High-SES) environments, and enrolling in advanced curricular tracks were associated with lower midlife BMI, especially for women. These factors weren’t just minor contributors; they maintained their influence even after researchers controlled for a host of variables like college degrees and adult income. Interestingly, popularity during high school also played a role for women. In a society where women and girls face heightened pressure around body image, early social acceptance may help establish healthier long-term habits and body ideals. The gender differences in this study are striking. For women, both family and school SES, along with popularity, were significantly linked to adult weight. For men, the connection existed but was less pronounced. One possible reason? The cultural landscape. Girls and women often deal with more pressure to be thin and face harsher judgment about their weight than boys and men. These pressures likely strengthen how high school experiences — both academic and social — shape long-term behaviors and self-perceptions. 28. What does the study mainly reveal about high schools? A. They predict academic success. B. They foster social relationships. C. They determine career achievements. D. They shape long- term physical health. 29. Which factor relates to lower adult BMI for women? A. Adult income status. B. High school popularity. C. College degree level. D. High school sports activities. 30. Why do gender differences exist in findings? A. Social expectations. B. Economic policies. C. Educational resources. D. Biological distinctions. 31. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Gender Differences in Educational Environments B. The Link Between School Grades and Adult Success C. High School’s Long- Term Impact on Physical Health D. The Role of Social Activities in adolescent Development 重庆市巴蜀中学校2025-2026学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题 C In an oasis of green space sandwiched among Manhattan skyscrapers, one oddball stood out among the parkgoers Monday morning. It was a robot mower (割草机) named “Belawncé”. Looking like an oversize Roomba with heavy-duty wheels, it pilots itself with the help of an artificial intelligence camera system that resembles a pair of human eyes. After two to four hours of mowing, the robot navigates to a charging station. For the past few months, the electric robot mower has taken over grass-clipping duties on the main lawn of Bryant Park, a small but heavily used public park. Toshi Yano, director of the park, said in an interview that the robot mower has proved effective, safe and more environmentally friendly than gas-powered, human-operated mowers. Belawncé is a glimpse at the promise and the problems of using robots for tasks such as yard work. Bryant Park previously tried a couple of other robot mowers that were finicky. The prior robots would get stuck in certain parts of the park. To connect to satellites for navigation, at times the park needed one receiver on-site and another on a nearby office tower. Starting this spring, Bryant Park picked a model made by a company called Sunseeker. It has required less human intervention over time. Unlike its pop star namesake, Belawncé and its fellow robot mowers aren’t beloved by all. Nanci Fioravanti, landscape manager for Green-Wood, a popular green space in Brooklyn that uses two robot mowers, has had to reassure staff worried about job losses from automation. Fioravanti also said that the robot mowers aren’t suited to steep areas of Green-Wood or where tree cover makes them lose signal. Park officials made sure Belawncé navigated around or stopped for humans and wildlife. “Either the birds or the AI or some combination of both are doing what they’re supposed to do and avoiding one another,” Yano said. 8. What is a key feature of Belawncé? A. It is gas-powered. B. It looks human-like. C. It is uniquely shaped. D. It operates autonomously. 9. What does the underlined word “finicky” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Efficient. B. Demanding. C. Independent. D. Conventional. 10. What aspect concerning robot mowers was mentioned in paragraph 4? A. Their adaptability. B. Their limitations. C. Their environmental value. D. Their maintenance costs. 11. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To promote the use of robot mowers. B. To call for a review of robot mowers. C. To report on the adoption of a robot mower. D. To present the development of a robot mower. 山东省烟台市2025-2026学年高三上学期期中学业水平诊断英语试题 D The nonprofit organization iNaturalist recently set off a firestorm among its user base after announcing a $1.5-million grant from Google.org to integrate generative AI (GenAI) into its species identification tools. The platform, which hosts a global community of 23 million nature enthusiasts, from amateur observers to professional taxonomists (分类学家), has logged over 250 million wildlife observations covering half a million species. Users submit observations of an individual organism they’ve encountered in the wild to the iNaturalist app, including notes, audio and photographs. An AI-powered computer vision suggests species identifications, allowing users to choose an ID or a broader category like “Plants”. The app automatically records the date, time, and location of the observation. When the user forwards the observation to the community, it’ll activate discussions to reach an agreement. Once the community has identified an organism to the species level, the observation is considered “research grade”, meaning it can be used for scientific studies. “By using GenAI, we hope to combine information about differentiating species and clearly communicate this to iNaturalist users. Instead of simply providing AI-suggested species, iNaturalist will also offer explanations of why this function suggests particular species and how to tell similar-looking species apart,” noted iNaturalist. Although iNaturalist didn’t disclose the GenAI tool’s working details, it implied using community-provided text comments to generate identification tips. Their goal is to present a working demonstration of this new tool in 2026. The grant announcement stimulated immediate outcry. Many critics objected to the use of GenAI on environmental grounds — the technology uses vast amounts of energy and water, creates e-waste and drives demand for rare-earth metals, the mining of which causes habitat degradation. Some worried such a tool based on GenAI would produce misinformation about species identifications. Others expressed concern about the possibility that their iNaturalist data could be used to devalue the work of professional taxonomists if the AI identification were presented as authoritative. In response, iNaturalist apologized for communication gaps, promising not to replace human confirmation or grant Google special data access. The organization agreed to abandon the tool if it harmed data quality or worsened environmental impacts — a promise of which users remain doubtful. 32. Which of the following can summarize how users use the iNaturalist app? A. Upload, select and share. B. Post, opt and question. C. Submit, consult and collect. D. Register, inquire and analyze. 33. What new feature will GenAI add according to iNaturalist? A. Suggesting species. B. Clarifying identification reasons. C. Deleting outdated data. D. Evaluating community comments. 34. Why do critics oppose GenAI? A. It harms human health. B. It causes privacy leakage. C. It errs in species identification. D. It intensifies competition among experts. 35. Which of the following best describes the author’s tone toward the grant? A. Optimistic. B. Objective. C. Pessimistic. D. Distrusting. 山东省名校考试联盟2025-2026学年高三上学期期中检测英语试题 C Ever wondered how social media platforms decide how to fill our feeds? They use algorithms (算法), of course, but how do these algorithms work? In 2021, Frances Haugen, a Facebook product manager secretly took ten thousand pages of documents and internal messages out of Facebook headquarters. She leaked these to a handful of media outlets. A lot of stories soon ran, largely focusing on the most alarming, attention-grabbing secrets. It turns out that Facebook engineers have assigned a point value to each type of engagement users can perform on a post (liking, commenting, resharing, etc.). Facebook’s algorithm calculates a personalized score for each post to determine its place in the feed. This score is got by multiplying the probability you’ll perform each engagement — likes, loves, etc. — by its pre-assigned point value, then summing these products. Posts are then ranked from highest to lowest score, creating your tailored feed. Then the magic formula is: Score=Vlike×Plike+Vlove×Plove+Vangry×Pangry+ Vcomment×Pcomment+ Vshare×Pshare. The idea is that the algorithm wants to surface the posts you’re most likely to engage with. Have you ever seen a TikTok video with overlaid text saying something like “You won’t believe what happens,” or “You’ve gotta watch till the end?” Some people post videos where literally nothing happens, but they trick you into watching multiple times, thereby winning even more expected seconds. Comments and seconds watched, no matter what quality and kind, tell TikTok’s algorithm one thing: “Give me more videos like this.” Social media algorithms bring the things we engage with closer and closer. Once we start clicking the social media, we’re going to be served up a lot more of it. It’s a cruel cycle that can quickly turn our feeds into endless streams of digital trash. Knowing how and why this cycle happens is the first step to stop it. Just remember: the tech companies choose the Vs in the social media formula, but the Ps are shaped by your actions online. 8. What does the underlined part in paragraph 1 indicate? A. The social media were affected. B. The leak went viral immediately. C. The manager hated Facebook a lot. D. The secret was an eye-catching event. 9. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. Why Facebook designed a formula. B. How Facebook determines our feeds. C. How the formula was created carefully. D. Why users have to be cautious about posts. 10. What does the author intend to tell us with the TikTok example? A. Algorithms are smart to track everything. B. Even unintentional watch can tell about our likes. C. Some people will do everything to attract attention. D. TikTok has more powerful algorithms than Facebook. 11. What does the author advise us to do? A. Focus on the positive videos only. B. Engage less with the content we hate. C. Comment more on what we appreciate. D. Mind our responses to what is fed to us. D Everyone relies on bias — otherwise known as cognitive (认知的) shortcuts — in their daily lives. For example, imagine you’re scrolling through your social media feed and immediately dismiss a news article because it comes from a source you don’t typically trust. This scenario highlights how automatic and unconscious the mental process can be. These biases aren’t character flaws. Thousands of years ago, this type of quick decision-making ensured the safety of ancient humans. Although these mental shortcuts served us well long ago, they don’t always translate well to our complex modern world. For several decades, psychology researchers have been testing interventions to help people become aware of and minimize their biases. A new systematic review published in Nature Human Behaviour offers the most comprehensive analysis of bias training to date. Researchers combined results from 54 randomized controlled trials involving nearly 11,000 students to determine whether educational interventions can reduce cognitive biases. The studies used a wide range of approaches, including games, online simulations, classroom instruction, video-based training, and group discussions. The analysis found that these interventions led to a small but significant reduction in biased thinking. The most successful interventions from the studies focused on teaching specific cognitive strategies to neutralize (中立化) particular biases. These strategies include actively seeking out contradictory evidence when evaluating a claim and using structured checklists to avoid jumping to conclusions. Interestingly, the research revealed that some biases are harder to avoid than others. For example, people are more likely to cling to stereotypes (成见), such as assuming that someone who wears glasses and reads a lot is a librarian. It remains unclear whether these lessons transfer beyond the classroom; just because someone can avoid confirmation bias in an online test doesn’t mean they will use those skills in the real world. Researchers said this gap between laboratory performance and real-world application represents the next frontier in bias research. This field is important because cognitive biases can have far-reaching consequences in modern society, influencing medical diagnoses, public policy decisions, elections, and more. The take-home message: This review provides solid evidence that bias reduction is possible. 12. How did bias help ancient humans? A. Strengthen mental process. B. Make quick and safe decisions. C. Improve unconscious learning. D. Enhance social communication. 13. Which method is most effective for lessening specific biases? A. Having group discussions. B. Watching an instructional video. C. Thinking critically about an event. D. Conducting video-based experiments. 14. What remains a major challenge in bias research according to the text? A. The lack of research funding. B. The absence of effective tools. C. The gap between lab and reality. D. The unwillingness of participants. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Scientists Find New Ways to Train Our Brains B. Bias Training Proves Ineffective in New Study C. Stereotypes Remain the Biggest Challenge for Society D. Evidence Grows That Cognitive Bias Can Be Reduced 2026届浙江温州一模英语卷 A Food labels carry useful information to help you make informed choices about what you and your family eat and drink. Food labels tell you all sorts of information, including but not limited to the following: Date marking: Use-by and best-before dates Foods with a shelf life of less than 2 years must have a best-before or use-by date. The best-before date refers to food quality. Once the best-before date has passed, the food may still be safe to consume, but it may have lost some quality and nutritional value. Products with a best-before date can legally be sold after that date, provided the product is still fit for human consumption. Foods that should not be consumed after a certain date for health and safety reasons must have a use-by date.This means they cannot be sold after that date. You will find use-by dates on foods with a short shelf life, such as meat, fish and dairy products. Nutrition Facts Nutrition Facts tell you the quantity of various nutrients a food contains per serve, as well as per 100g or 100ml. Ingredients (配料) All ingredients must be listed in descending order by weight, including added water. The first ingredient listed contributed the largest amount and the last ingredient listed contributed the least. Here is a sample. Sample Label for Frozen Lasagna(千层面) 21. Which product is more likely to be labeled with a “use-by” date? A. Canned tomatoes. B. Fresh chicken. C. Packaged biscuits. D. Bottled water. 22. How many calories would you take in by eating the whole container of Frozen Lasagna? A. 227. B. 280. C. 908. D. 1,120. 23. Which ingredient has the highest percentage in Frozen Lasagna? A. Italian Tomatoes. B. Pasta. C. Ricotta Cheese. D. Paprika. C Cities worldwide are witnessing a transformation in urban environments. Wildlife populations in cities are not only surviving but often surpassing those in rural areas. Urban bird populations in cities like Berlin have increased by over 40% in the past two decades. These aren’t just typical pigeons and sparrows, but hawks and owls, and even non-native species that have found urban environments surprisingly pleasant. The urban heat island effect, often seen as a negative consequence of city development, creates microclimates many species find irresistible. Warmer temperatures extend growing seasons, provide frost-free zones, and create diverse microhabitats within a single city block. Urban environments also offer abundant food resource. Raccoon inToronto have learned some techniques to open garbage cans. The constant availability of food waste and reduced animal hunters in nature create what ecologists call “urban ecological release.” Urban wildlife’s boom(繁荣) not only reshapes ecosystems but brings health benefits to humans. Studies show people in areas with higher biodiversity experience lower rates of autoimmune diseases. Mental health benefits are equally impressive: urban residents who encounter wildlife report lower stress and improved mood. Yet this boom isn’t all positive. Urban animals are developing behaviour changes— increased aggression and interrupted migration routes. Disease spread is also critical as populations grow more crowded, threatening humans and animals alike. Forward-thinking cities are pioneering architectural innovations. Green roofs in Copenhagen aren’t just for beauty — they’re functioning ecosystems supporting plants, insects, and birds, cutting energy costs by up to 30%while providing paths for wildlife to move. Wildlife bridges like Ecoduct de Woeste Hoeve let over 5,000 deer cross highways safely, reducing wildlife-vehicle accidents by 80%. The future of urban wildlife coexistence is promising, driven by tech advances and public awareness — smart tech enables wildlife monitoring, and innovative designs create shared livable spaces. Emerging biotech may revolutionize management: genetic tools help study urban animal adaptation, aiding threatened species. The key is reimagining cities as integrated ecosystems. As urbanization grows, coexistence lessons grow more valuable. The question isn’t whether we can live alongside urban wildlife — it’s whether we dare to embrace the possibilities this partnership offers. 28. What can we know about urban wildlife from Paragraph 1? A. They have grown in diversity. B. They are mainly from rural areas. C. They have adapted to urban pollution. D. They tend to avoid human contact. 29. Why is “urban ecological release” mentioned? A. To present a new ecological concept. B. To stress the constant city development. C. To show the wildlife-friendliness of cities. D. To explain the reduced ecological harm. 30. What can the urban wildlife boom bring? A. Lowered rates of disease spread. B. An improved sense of well-being. C. Impressive migration routes of wildlife. D. Positive behavioural changes in wildlife. 31. What is crucial for urban wildlife coexistence? A. A slower pace of urbanization. B. Adjustment to existing ecosystems. C. Advanced biological technologies. D. An adaptive mindset of coexistence. D Why do some people keep making harmful choices, even when the outcomes are obvious? A new study byUNSW Sydney’s Dr Bressel found that for a small group, the issue isn’t lack of motivation or ability, but rather a subtle(微妙的) but persistent failure to connect their actions with its consequences. The paper, published recently in Nature Communications Psychology, details an online learning game where participants were asked to click between two planets for rewards or to avoid punishment. Researchers observed three behavioural types: Sensitives (avoid bad choices), Unawares (adjust strategies after being told their errors) andCompulsives (still make wrong choices even after learning their mistakes). “Some people don’t learn from experience.Even when motivated to avoid harm, they fail to see their behaviour causes problems,” said Dr Bressel. This study followed past research, which only focused on Australian psychology students, but had key differences:267 participants from 24 countries (including over 50-year-olds), six-month follow-ups, and post-game surveys on their choices. The same behavioural profiles emerged across cultures and ages. In Australian studies,35%were Sensitives, 41% Unawares, 23% Compulsives; in the new study, 26% Sensitives, 47% Unawares, 27%Compulsives. Dr Bressel linked more Compulsives to older participants, as cognitive (认知的) flexibility declines with age. Interestingly, when participants were invited back to play the same game six months later, most showed the same behavioural profile. “That was striking,” said Bressel. “These aren’t just random mistakes. They’re almost like personality types. This is not to say they’re fixed, just that they may require intervention to break.” Researchers confirmed Compulsives’ choices weren’t habits: participants could explain their wrong choices. This points to a deeper issue —a failure to integrate new knowledge to minimise bad outcomes. Dr Bressel noted real life is more complex than the game, but the pattern of ignoring experience and information matches compulsory behaviours. The research has important implications for public health messaging. Many campaigns rely on providing information — about smoking, drinking or financial risks — with the assumption that people will act on it. But this study suggests that for some, information alone isn’t enough. “Standard information campaigns work for most — but not for everyone,” Dr Bressel said. “For compulsive individuals, we may need different intervention.” 32. What were participants expected to do in the online learning game? A. Make choices. B. Win awards. C. Observe behaviour. D. Identify errors. 33. What is a striking finding of the new study? A. Cognition declines with age. B. Unawares account for the largest. C. Behavioural patterns are consistent. D. Mistakes influence personality types. 34. What does the author suggest for public health campaigns? A. Increasing lecture frequency. B. Reviewing behavioural errors. C. Developing tailored strategies. D. Enhancing information accuracy. 35. Which is the best title for the text? A. Learning Risks, Behaving Safer. B. Knowing Better, Doing Worse. C. Recognizing Habits, Acting Well. D. Understanding Rules, Breaking All. 2026届浙江省台州高三一模英语试题 C A new study published in the Journal of Applied Ecology revealed when, where and how most songbirds migrate offshore over North American coasts. This data can help wind energy managers cut down on birds dying from hitting wind turbines (涡轮机) while generating sustainable energy. The researchers studied 10 years of weather radar data from 16 sites and found that birds flying over the Atlantic Coast and the Gulf of Mexico gather more closely and move for a shorter time than those flying over land. More birds also migrate in fall than in spring. Shannon Curley, the study’s lead researcher, explained, “Birds migrate over the sea on fewer nights than over land. There’s no place to rest and refuel on the water, so birds may wait for ideal atmospheric conditions, such as favorable winds, before making an offshore crossing.” This short yet critical time window gives wind energy managers a chance to reduce collisions (相撞). Curley said they could pause turbine work on nights when migration is most intense-a practice that is currently more common in Europe than North America. “These peak nights of migration tend to have fairly nice weather and calmer winds, and are therefore not the nights when wind operators have a huge energy harvest,”Curley noted. “So there might be a sweet spot where we can target these big migration nights and give these birds safe passage.” The study also found that songbirds migrating offshore fly at lower altitudes than those migrating over land, potentially putting them at greater risk of wind turbine collisions. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service says 140,000 to 327,000 birds die from land turbines each year. But no one knows how many die from offshore turbines, since dead birds’ bodies wash away easily. So using radar technology to identify high-risk areas is key. With one-third of all American bird species rapidly declining, data-driven decisions about turbine siting and operations can point the way to sustainable energy while also saving birds. “Our hope is that this work will help identify high-risk, high-use areas for birds and contribute to positive green energy solutions,” Curley said. 28. What can we learn about the songbirds in paragraph 2? A. They favor flying over open seas. B. They become more active on spring nights. C. They are particular about where to rest. D. They time crossings by weather conditions. 29. What does the underlined phrase “a sweet spot” refer to? A. An ideal balance. B. A moral dilemma. C. An opportunity for profit. D. A place without turbines. 30. Why is it difficult to identify high-risk areas offshore? A. Birds change their travelling routes. B. Wind strength at sea is unpredictable. C. Dead birds’ bodies are hard to trace. D. Radar technology is underdeveloped. 31. What does Curley think of the potential application of the new research? A. Risky. B. Promising. C. Productive. D. Challenging. 山东省潍坊市2025-2026学年高三上学期期中阶段性检测英语试题 A Leaves will soon make their gradual change to vivid colors of yellow, orange and red as we head through the fall months, but when you can usually expect peak color to arrive depends on where you live. When Will Fall Leaves Peak For You? —Late September or Early October: The Rockies, the northern parts of Minnesota through Michigan and a stretch from upstate New York to northern New England see peak color first. —Mid to Late October: Potential for peak fall color advances through the Midwest into the Appalachians and much of the Northeast in mid to late October. Most other areas in the western region, including valleys, see fall’s brightest color by this time of year as well. —November: Much of the mid-Atlantic coast and the South are the last holdouts to see peak color in November. Why Do Leaves Change Color? A shorter amount of daylight is the primary factor for the color of the leaves to begin to change. As nights grow longer and cooler, production of the green pigment (色素) slows and eventually stops. This allows the yellow and orange pigments to shine through, revealing the many beautiful colors of fall. What Makes A Good Colorful Season? Location matters: Higher altitudes and northern latitudes cool first, causing earlier color changes. Weather’s role: The perfect recipe includes warm, sunny days paired with cool nighttime temperatures. Soil moisture(湿度): Sufficient soil moisture through spring and summer can help increase the chances of the colorful leaves. Wind warning: If a strong windstorm affects an area that’s near peak color, then it can tear off leaves from trees to some extent, reducing the display of peak color. So grab your camera, plan your trip, and get ready for nature’s colorful delight! 21. When can you enjoy peak fall color in valleys of the western region? A. Late September. B. Early October. C. Late October. D. Mid November. 22. What mainly causes the change of leaf colors? A. Rainy nights. B. Limited sunshine. C. Various pigments. D. Rising temperature. 23. What may ruin the full display of peak color? A. The wet soil. B. The tree species. C. The hot summer. D. The severe storm. C Tell me about what you had for dinner last night. You could give perceptual (感知的) descriptions of how your food looked and tasted. Or you could focus more on conceptual experiences, such as what that food made you think and feel. A new brain study found that telling the same story different ways activates different memory mechanisms in the listener’s brain. Signy Sheldon, a psychologist studying memory at McGill University, and her colleagues asked 35 participants to listen to two versions of the same restaurant story. In the first version, the narrator says, “Food was finally served. I remember the two-foot-long pepper mill (研磨器) the waiter used to season our dishes. My spaghetti noodles were circled around three meatballs on my plate. It looked really good.” In the second, he said, “I remember thinking to myself how delicious the spaghetti was. Looking back, I’m not sure if it was because I was starving.” When participants recalled the story that they heard with conceptual details in the scanner, their brain hippocampi (海马区) activated along with parts of a brain network called the default mode network, or DMN, that is active when processing information about oneself, one’s emotions, and more. In contrast, when people recalled perception-heavy stories, the hippocampi activated along with brain networks outside of the DMN, including the left brain region. This area is known to be active when recalling memories that contain details from various senses. Though participants remembered both types of stories equally well in the short term, they tended to prefer the conceptual stories to the perceptual ones and were more confident in their recollections of them. Such preference may be especially true as people get older. Research shows that as people age, they shift away from vivid, event-specific sensory details and toward memories that grasp the main points of what happened, shaping how they remember what they were told. When we’re young, “Things are really novel. We’re going to pay attention to everything,” Sheldon says. “But as we get older, we use memories more for social connection, and we often are recalling and describing things that we are more familiar with.” 28. What is the difference between two versions of the same restaurant story? A. The tones of voice. B. The intensity of emotion. C. The variety of food. D. The types of description. 29. Which story makes DMN in the brain active? A. The air feels cool on my skin. B. The teddy bear makes me comforted. C. The sunflower is dancing in the wind. D. The coffee smells rich and tastes bitter. 30. What does the underlined word “them” refer to in the last paragraph? A. Conceptual stories. B. Research steps. C. Social preferences. D. Perceptual details. 31. Which of the following is the best title of the text? A. Stories sharpen your mind B. Storytelling methods count C. You are what you memorize D. Confidence deepens bonding D In the early 1920s, a small, industrial-feeling laboratory garden outside Paris, given the name of the “Garden of Wonders”, was the site of a revolutionary experiment. Here, the French scientist Daniel Berthelot pursued his goal of creating “factory-made vegetables”-producing sugars and starches (淀粉) directly from light and gas without the intervention of plants. His vision was rooted in the groundbreaking work of his father, a renowned 19th-century chemist, who had predicted that by the year 2000, all food would be artificial. Daniel Berthelot envisioned future factories with large glass tanks where gases, under sunlight, would combine to form a snowfall of starch and sugar. By 1925, he had succeeded in using light and gas to create a basic substance used to produce drugs and industrial products. However, his progress toward reproducing photosynthesis (光合作用) ended there, and he died in 1927 without realizing his dream. Berthelot’s vision was wildly idealistic primarily because photosynthesis was not fully understood. The term was only coined a few decades prior, and the cell mechanisms of plants remained largely theoretical until the 1950s. Reproducing what plants do naturally through pure chemistry proved a challenge that couldn’t be overcome with the knowledge of his time. Today, we still cannot chemically copy photosynthesis, but the core of Berthelot’s vision-liberating food production from traditional agriculture-is being achieved through a different path: micro-organism fermentation (发酵). Companies are realizing this “land-independent” production. In Finland, Solar Foods operates a factory where micro-organisms in large tanks feed on gas and water, creating a protein-rich product called Solein. Similarly, U. S.-based Kiverdi and Austria’s Arkeon Technologies use processes that come from NASA research to transform carbon dioxide into food ingredients through fermentation, requiring no farm land. While Berthelot’s understanding of photosynthesis was primitive a century ago, he was ahead of his time in many ways, and his vision was remarkably foresighted. Although we still haven’t literally grown fruits and vegetables as plants do from air and light, it’s worth acknowledging the achievements we’ve made in just the last decade: Companies like Kiverdi may help remove extra carbon dioxide from the atmosphere while offering solutions to future food shortages. Or they may not. Only the next century will tell. 32. What did Daniel Berthelot’s experiment focus on? A. Testing his father’s study. B. Building an organic garden. C. Making food with no plants. D. Expanding the output of crops. 33. What prevented Daniel Berthelot from achieving his goal? A. His impractical ideas. B. The lack of knowledge. C. The protests from chemists. D. His worsening physical condition. 34. What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us? A. Berthelot’s dream comes true another way. B. Micro-organisms can improve food nutrition. C. Berthelot’s theory is applied to modern farming. D. Some companies transform traditional agriculture. 35. What is implied in the last paragraph? A. Technology is a key to progress. B. Berthelot’s work is thought little of. C. Scientific visions take time to bear fruit. D. Knowledge should be linked to practice. 重庆市第十八中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试卷 C Getting rid of old tyres (轮胎) has long been a problem. Most are thrown into landfills or piled up in storage. Energy recovery is another common method. This involves burning tyres to generate electricity or heat for industries, but that produces planet warming pollution; or we use them to repair roads, but chemicals from them might pollute the ground. Some firms, therefore, have begun exploring an alternative. One such firm is Wastefront, which owns a big tyre-recycling plant in north-east England. In a couple of years, it will be able to turn 8 million old tyres into new products, including a black liquid called TDO (轮胎衍生油). The process works by deconstructing a tyre into steel, rubber, and carbon black. After tearing down the steel, the remaining material is exposed to high temperatures in the absence of air to make the rubber change into a mix of hydrocarbon gases, and then they’re removed. What is left behind is pure carbon black. Once the removed gases cool down, a part of them liquefies (液化) into TDO. The remaining gases are to be burned to fuel the process. This creates a closed-cycle system that prevents emissions. The carbon black can be reused to make new tyres. That is of interest to tyre-makers because it helps efforts to become carbon neutral — achieving a balance between the amounts of carbon dioxide produced and the carbon dioxide removed from the atmosphere. Producing new carbon black requires burning heavy oil or coal, which lets off plenty of greenhouse gases. The recovered TDO is well-suited for making diesel (柴油). While not completely carbon-neutral, it does produce an 80-90% reduction in emissions of carbon dioxide, compared with the conventional fuel. The future market for such cleaner fuels will remain large, even though electric vehicles are on the rise. Fossil-fueled vehicles will exist for decades, particularly the big burners of diesel — trucks, which are harder to electrify. The fuel is also needed by trains and ships. So, anything that helps clean up overall emissions is useful — especially if it also eases a mountainous waste problem. 8. What’s the purpose of the first paragraph? A. To analyze causes. B. To present problems. C. To reach solutions. D. To make comparisons. 9. What can be inferred about the tyre-recycling process? A. Air boosts the burning of the old tyres. B. The remaining gases are emitted into the air. C. Pure carbon black is an unprocessed substance. D. TDO comes from the removed hydrocarbon gases. 10. Why are tyre-makers interested in tyre-recycling? A. They hope to gain financial rewards. B. It helps reduce greenhouse emissions. C. It helps improve production efficiency. D. They hope to expand the future market. 11. What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to? A. Diesel made from TDO. B. Clean electric energy. C. Carbon-neutral process. D. Recovered TDO from old tyres. 重庆市2025-2026学年高三上学期11月期中调研考试英语试题 D The first week of July was the hottest week on record — yet another sign that climate change is “out of control”, the UN secretary general said. Punishing heat waves and extreme weather events like hurricanes and floods are going to become more common as the climate crisis worsens, making it more important than ever before to produce accurate weather forecasts. AI is proving increasingly helpful with that. In the past year, weather forecasting has been having an AI moment. Three recent papers from NVIDIA, Google DeepMind, and Huawei have introduced machine-learning methods that are able to predict weather at least as accurately as conventional methods, and much more quickly. Recently I wrote about Pangu-Weather, an AI model developed by Huawei. Pangu-Weather is able to forecast not only weather but also the path of tropical cyclones (热带气旋). Huawei’s Pangu-Weather, NVIDIA’s Fourcast Net, and Google DeepMind’s GraphCast are making meteorologists (气象学家) reconsider how we use machine learning and weather forecasts, Peter Dueben, head of Earth system modeling at the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF), told me for the story. ECMWF’s forecasting model is considered the gold standard for medium-term weather forecasting (up to 15days ahead). Pangu-Weather managed to get accuracy comparable to that of the ECMWF model, while GoogleDeepMind claims to have beaten it 90% of the time in the combinations that were tested. Although AI models can create forecasts in just seconds, they are unlikely to replace conventional weather prediction models anytime soon. AI-powered forecasting models are trained on historical weather data that goes back decades, which means they are great at predicting events that are similar to the weather of the past. That’s a problem in an era of increasingly unpredictable conditions. We don’t know if AI models will be able to predict rare and extreme weather events, says Dueben. He thinks the way forward might be for AI tools to be adopted alongside traditional weather forecasting models to get the most accurate predictions. 32. What does the UN secretary general’s statement imply? A. Climate change is worsening rapidly. B. Weather forecasts are becoming easier. C. Global warming is a natural phenomenon. D. Extreme weather is already out of control. 33. What can be inferred from Peter Dueben’s statement about the AI models? A. They are too complex for experts to understand. B. They will replace human meteorologists soon. C. They are less accurate than traditional methods. D. They are causing a major shift in the field. 34. What does the gold standard status of ECMWF suggest? A. Its model is slow but accurate. B. Its forecasts are highly reliable. C. It is easily beaten by AI models. D. It focuses on short- term predictions. 35. Why might AI fail with rare and extreme weather? A. It processes data too slowly. B. Its training is still incomplete. C. It relies on past weather patterns. D. It cannot process real-time data. 山东省青岛市2025-2026学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题 C Many respected climate scientists and institutions say removing carbon emissions (释放) — not just reducing them — is essential to tackling climate change. And trees remove carbon simply by “breathing.” But analyzing the numbers, researchers found that the trees’ collective ability to remove carbon through photosynthesis (光合作用) can’t stand up to the potential emissions from the world’s largest oil-and-gas companies — there’s inadequate land on Earth to accomplish that. And even if there were, if those 200 companies had to pay for planting all those trees, it would cost $10.8 trillion, more than their entire combined market valuation of $7.01 trillion. The researchers also determined that the companies would be in the red if they were responsible for the social costs of the carbon in their reserves, which scientists compute around $185 per metric ton of carbon dioxide. “The general public maybe understand offsetting (抵消) to be a sort of magic eraser, and that’s just not where we’re at,” said Nina, a research follow in the study. Carbon offsetting essentially means investing in tree planting or other environmental projects to attempt to offset for carbon emissions. Trees are one of the cheapest ways to do this because they naturally absorb planet-warming carbon. Oil-and-gas companies have promoted tree-planting as key part of carbon offset programs in recent years. To do their calculations, the researchers looked at the 200 largest oil-and-gas companies and calculated how much carbon dioxide would be released if their fuel is burned. They focused only on tree planting because the expense and technological development needed for other forms of carbon capture are still mostly cost-prohibitive. But Nina warned that focusing only on carbon capture is too simple, pointing out that done properly, planting trees can also improve food security, support biodiversity, and protect communities from natural disasters. The research effectively makes the point that it’s financially impossible to offset enough carbon by planting trees. And asking companies to pay for all the emissions their fuel will later create is a chimera. 8. What makes it hard to remove all carbon by planting trees? A. Trees have a long life cycle. B. Photosynthesis works slowly. C. There isn’t enough available land. D. Tree planting takes too much labor. 9. What does the author try to illustrate by listing numbers in paragraph 2? A. To prove the loss of the companies. B. To highlight the impact of carbon emissions. C. To provide evidence to support tree-planting. D. To show the impracticality of forest-based carbon offset. 10. What are the limitations of the research? A. Ignoring co-benefits. B. Lacking long-term follow-up. C. Overlooking tech costs. D. Overemphasizing market trends. 11. What does the underlined word “chimera” in the last paragraph mean? A. Practical idea. B. False hope. C. Brilliant plan. D. Selfish desire. 江苏省盐城市2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题 C “Hitting a green wave? It’s the best feeling, especially when you’re in a hurry,” says actor Samuel Traum, unlocking his bike by a Copenhagen intersection crowded with cyclists. The Green Wave is a system started by the city 16 years ago: traffic lights on key routes are synchronized (同步) so that a cyclist riding about 20 km/h can catch green lights all the way. This system, designed to encourage bike travel, is now set to expand to 15 more routes. Like many European cities, Copenhagen became a city of cars after World War II. But in the 1970s, people fought back with mass bike protests that pushed the city to build a wide network of cycle lanes (车道). A recent study found that if all cities had as many, global CO₂ emissions from private cars could fall by 6%. Still, even Copenhagen struggles to reduce car use. Cycle highways help people reach the city’s end, but red lights slow them once they arrive. Planners hope the green waves will solve this. “It’s so important to have the freedom on a bike to just ride along at a good speed,” says Line Barfod, the mayor for technology and environment. “You can feel the city wants you — and supports you — going on a bike.” The new plan has faced little opposition. Yet at rush hour, some say the lanes are too crowded to enjoy the wave. Lars, who usually cycles too fast to ride the wave himself, thinks the city is reaching a difficult trade-off point. “We’re at a point now where we need to choose between cars and cycles. If you give cycles more space, it will compromise the ability of drivers to access different spaces.” Copenhagen has approved a 602-million-kroner cycling package to improve the system, building the country’s longest cycling bridge and upgrading lighting. The city has also set up 19 bicycle counters to study cyclists’ speed and plans to adjust lights to match their flow. Experts say such measures represent a vision: moving people out of cars and onto bikes — to save energy, reduce pollution, and make cities more livable. 28. What do Samuel Traum’s words reflect in paragraph 1? A. The danger caused by cycling. B. The convenience brought by the system. C. The importance of following traffic rules. D. The necessity of riding at a specific speed. 29. What caused Copenhagen to build a wide network of cycle lanes? A. A plan to improve traffic in Europe. B. A study on reducing greenhouse gas. C. The order from the mayor after the war. D. The mass bike protests in the 1970s. 30. What does the underlined word “compromise” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Assess. B. Strengthen. C. Ensure. D. Weaken. 31. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Monitoring bike speed with devices. B. Building a landmark cycling bridge. C. Upgrading the green wave system. D. Adjusting traffic lights for cyclists. D Scientists in China have developed a technology that can replace high-strength plastics used in home facilities with bamboo fiber. Bamboo shoots up when it rains. Its growth is so fast that raw material costs are low. According to researchers at Northeast Forestry University, bioplastic made from bamboo is similar to oil-based plastic in strength, shapeability, and thermal stability (热稳定性), but can decompose (分解) in soil within fifty days. It can also be fully recycled while maintaining 90% of its strength. As plastic pollution worsens, bioplastics — plastics made from natural materials — are gaining popularity, but they still account for only 0.5% of the more than 400 million tons of plastic produced every year. That is because bioplastics have lower mechanical strength than oil-based plastics and are difficult to apply easily in common production processes. The Chinese team developed a method to produce plastic from cellulose, the fibrous component of bamboo. They first treated bamboo by adding zinc chloride (ZnCl₂) and a simple acid. In experiments, the team said bamboo-based bioplastic showed mechanical strength outperforming that of conventional plant-based bioplastic. In tests of mechanical and thermal stability and shapeability, bamboo-based bioplastic demonstrated its potential as an industrial alternative. The development of bamboo-based bioplastic by researchers at Northeast Forestry University represents a significant advancement in the pursuit of sustainable development. With its impressive mechanical properties and biodegradability, bamboo-based bioplastic stands out as a promising candidate for reducing plastic waste and reliance on oil. However, the path to future widespread adoption requires overcoming challenges related to production scalability (可扩展性) and market acceptance. As industries explore the potential of bamboo-based bioplastic, the question remains: Can this innovation truly replace traditional plastics and transform our approach to sustainable production? 32. What can we learn about the bamboo-based bioplastic? A. It is a sustainable plastic alternative. B. It is difficult to break down in soil naturally. C. It loses original strength when decomposing. D. It is second to oil-based plastics in shapability. 33. What is the key advantage of bamboo-based bioplastic over past bioplastic? A. Simpler recycling process. B. Higher mechanical strength. C. Cheaper raw materials. D. Lower carbon footprint. 34. What is a challenge for the widespread use of bamboo-based bioplastic? A. Market recognition. B. Production process. C. Thermal stability. D. Technology innovation. 35. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Bamboo: The Green Steel B. Bamboo: Can it save our planet? C. Bamboo-based bioplastic: Is it really eco-friendly? D. Bamboo-based bioplastic: Strong Material, Greener Future 湖南省长沙市长郡中学2025-2026学年高三上学期11月月考英语试题 A The Right Electric Bike for You The bicycle fever is back, but this time it has gone electric. According to NPD Group which tracks the bicycle industry, electric bike sales have more than doubled since 2019. And their popularity is still on the rise. Confirm your need and pick the electric bike that’s best for you. MODEL WHAT’S IT FOR? ◆ Such e-bikes are designed to make short trips, adding to the rider’s comfort and ability to see. The electric assistance allows you to travel easily and comfortably. WHO’S IT FOR? ◆ Those looking for alternatives to driving around the town. They’re lighter than most motorcycles, making them perfect for carrying groceries and laptops. WHAT’S IT FOR? ◆ These e-bikes use the same light structure and narrow wheels as conventional touring bikes. The electric motor makes it possible to cover longer distances. WHO’S IT FOR? ◆ Riders who are eager for more challenging cycling or want to extend the riding distance. The riding position may discourage those with back or neck pain. WHAT’S IT FOR? ◆ With strong structure and fat wheels, they transport relatively heavy loads, which can be equippe$ 目录 浙江省普通高中尖峰联盟2025-2026学年高三上学期10月联考英语试题 3 2026届浙江省浙江省新阵地教育联盟高三上学期第一次模拟预测英语试题 4 2026届浙江省天域全国名校协作体高三一模英语试题 7 2026届浙江省强基联盟高三上学期10月一模英语试题 8 2026届大湾区普通高中毕业年级联合模拟考试 11 广东省深圳市高级中学高中园2025-2026学年高三第一阶段测试英语试题 13 重庆市西南大学附属中学2025-2026学年高三10月月考英语试卷 15 浙江嘉兴市第一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期第二次模拟英语试题 17 山东省名校考试联盟2025-2026学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题 19 浙江省金华十校2025-2026学年高三上学期11月考试英语试题 20 2026届浙江省绍兴市高三上学期一模英语试卷 23 2026届浙江省宁波市海曙区等5地高三一模英语试题 24 2026届浙江省ZDB联盟高三一模英语试题 26 重庆市巴蜀中学校2025-2026学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题 27 山东省烟台市2025-2026学年高三上学期期中学业水平诊断英语试题 29 山东省名校考试联盟2025-2026学年高三上学期期中检测英语试题 31 2026届浙江温州一模英语卷 34 2026届浙江省台州高三一模英语试题 39 山东省潍坊市2025-2026学年高三上学期期中阶段性检测英语试题 40 重庆市第十八中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试卷 44 重庆市2025-2026学年高三上学期11月期中调研考试英语试题 46 山东省青岛市2025-2026学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题 47 江苏省盐城市2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题 49 湖南省长沙市长郡中学2025-2026学年高三上学期11月月考英语试题 52 2026届浙江省稽阳联谊高三上学期一模英语试题 57 2025~2026学年12月南京七校联合学情调研 60 2026届上海市徐汇区高三上学期英语一模 61 广东省2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考 63 金丽衢十二校2025学年高三第一次联考英语试题 65 聊城四中2025届高三12月份月考 69 山东省实验中学2026届高三第三次诊断考试 71 Z20+名校联盟(浙江省名校新高考研究联盟)2026届高三第二次联考 72 重庆市沙坪坝区重庆市第八中学校2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考英语 76 云南民族大学附属高级中学2026届高三联考卷（四） 78 重庆市渝中区巴蜀中学校2025-2026学年高三上学期12月 80 重庆八中2025-2026学年度（上）高三年级第五次周考 82 诸暨市2025年12月高三诊断性考试试题 84 西安中学 2026届高三质量检测考试(三) 86 山东省济宁市兖州区2025-2026学年高三上学期期中英语试题 90 江西省多校联考2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题 92 江苏省无锡市六校联考2025-2026学年高三上学期12月英语试卷 93 无锡江阴三校联考2025年秋学期12月质量调研 95 汉中市普通高中高三年级第一次教学质量检测考试 98 2026届浙江省浙江七校联盟一模英语试题 99 杭州学军中学2026首考适应性考试 101 山东省九五高中协作体2025-2026学年高三上学期12月质量检测英语试卷 104 山东省大联考2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题 105 2026届浙江省北斗星盟高三一模英语试题 106 云南省昆明市第一中学2025-2026学年高三上学期第五次月考英语试卷 108 2025届山东省烟台第二中学高三英语第二次模拟考试（B卷） 109 2025届山东省烟台第二中学高三英语第二次模拟考试（A卷） 111 湖南省长沙市天心区长郡中学2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题 112 山东省济宁市2025-2026学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题 115 山东省青岛市部分学校2025-2026学年高三上学期1月期末调研英语试题 116 浙江省普通高中尖峰联盟2025-2026学年高三上学期10月联考英语试题 C Have you ever wondered why certain songs or paintings feel deeply satisfying? Language expert Jay Keyser’s research finds that repetition makes art speak to us. Artists like jazz musician Duke Ellington and painter Andy Warhol purposefully use repetition — not simply as copying, but as a clever “same, but different” skill. In Ellington’s Satin Doll, for example, the rhythm repeats while the notes stay high or low, and the song’s words mirror this pattern. Warhol’s soup cans appear alike at first sight, yet each design changes a little. This skill called “same/except” by Jay Keyser in his book Play it again, Sam — makes art feel richer and more pleasant to our brains. Interestingly, discovering repetition brings much more. Consider a photograph of the US city of Albuquerque that is often discussed for its meaning. Look closer, and you may find that a dog sits in the center with a street sign shadow to its right copying its shape. Recognizing this hidden pattern, as Keyser suggests, repays us with unexpected pleasure and more. Training our eyes to notice such patterns — whether in poetry, paintings or songs — unlocks new meaning. Why does repetition create such a connection? According to Keyser, science offers an answer: the mere exposure effect (单纯曝光效应). Just as a baby grows fond of a mother’s face through repeated sights, we naturally develop a liking for familiar patterns. Advertisers use this by repeating product names to build trust. Artists harness it too — Warhol’s repeated cans or a song’s repeated catchy parts make us feel comforted and connected. Keyser shows great art works with the brain’s makeup. When artists repeat certain parts with changes, the art is in line with how our minds seek order, expect patterns, and gain joy from “finding” connections — though we are not aware of it. By studying how artists skillfully apply the “same/except” skill across mediums, and by connecting these choices with science, we gain the key to admiring creativity’s universal magic. This makes everyday experiences with music, paintings, and words much richer. 8. What does the “same/except” skill focus on? A. Non-traditional artistic styles. B. Combining different art forms. C. Repetition with slight variations. D. Breaking all patterns completely. 9. What does the example of the Albuquerque photo highlight? A. Fun designs attract more attention. B. Admiring street art lifts one’s spirits. C. Repetition enriches art experiences. D. Famous art deserves lasting discussion. 10. What does the underlined word “harness” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Take advantage of. B. Turn down. C. Have control of. D. Make out. 11. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A. Art sometimes matches our mindset. B. Science explains artistic techniques. C. Artists use repetition unconsciously. D. Creativity is the key to admiring art. 8. C 9. C 10. A 11. A 本文是一篇说明文，文章通过引用语言专家Jay Keyser的研究，结合艺术家案例和科学原理，解释“重复”在艺术中的作用及背后逻辑。 2026届浙江省浙江省新阵地教育联盟高三上学期第一次模拟预测英语试题 C Can doctors make better cancer treatment decisions if they consult fish? Previous studies have shown that zebrafish avatars could help identify cancer treatments. Rita Fior, a developmental biologist and her colleagues now want to determine whether that ability can benefit patients. Zebrafish avatars are tiny, fast-growing models of individual cancer patients created by transplanting the patient's own tumor (肿瘤) cells into 2-day-old zebrafish embryos (胚胎). These tiny fish then act as living substitutes for the patient, allowing researchers to test multiple cancer drugs or radiation on the patient's tumor cells within 4-7 days — far quicker than traditional mouse models. In a 2024 report in Nature Communications, the scientists generated avatars for 55 patients and put the fish on the same type of chemo-therapy the people received. For 50 of the patients, the fish “predicted” the outcome of treatment. An added benefit, Fior says, is that avatars can reveal key characteristics of tumors such as whether they are likely to spread. Zebrafish are more similar to humans than cell cultures and far cheaper to raise than mice. The small, transparent embryos are also easier to analyze, says Sofia de Oliveira, a biologist at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine. “You can visualize the whole animal under the microscope,” she explains, “and easily determine the spread of cancer cells.” In the clinical trial, Fior and her team will test that promise by separating cancer cells from the fluid that builds up in the stomach of people whose cancer cells have spread outside the original site and is usually drained as part of treatment. “We are not doing an extra procedure on the patients,” she says. The cells will then be implanted into the fish embryos. Instead of testing experimental drugs, as many other clinical trials do, the study will determine which combination of treatments works best. Most of the patients will receive medications suggested by the zebrafish results. 8. What are zebrafish avatars? A. Models of mouse embryos. B. Radiation on the tumor cells. C. Drugs for multiple cancers. D. Replacements for cancer patients. 9. How do zebrafish avatars help doctors with cancer treatments? A. By forecasting treatment results. B. By predicting where tumors will spread. C. By killing tumor cells in cancer patients. D. By transplanting zebrafish cells into humans. 10. What makes zebrafish an ideal species for cancer research? A. Their similarity to cell cultures. B. Their small sizes and dark embryos. C. Their low cost and ease of analysis. D. Their complex appearance and structure. 11. What is the primary goal of the clinical trial led by Fior and her team? A. To develop new experimental drugs for cancers. B. To test the safety of chemo-therapy on zebrafish. C. To identify the ideal combination of cancer therapies. D. To separate cancer cells from the fluid of cancer patients. 8. D 9. A 10. C 11. C 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了斑马鱼化身在癌症治疗中的应用，包括其定义、作用、作为癌症研究理想物种的原因以及相关临床试验的主要目标。这是一篇科普说明文，围绕斑马鱼 “化身”（avatars）在癌症治疗中的应用展开，先提出 “医生参考斑马鱼能否优化癌症治疗决策” 的问题，接着介绍斑马鱼 “化身” 的制作原理（移植患者肿瘤细胞到斑马鱼胚胎）与优势（快速测试），再通过 2024 年研究数据说明其预测治疗结果、揭示肿瘤特征的作用，还对比指出其比细胞培养更接近人类、比小鼠成本低且易分析的特点，最后介绍 Fior 团队的临床试验计划；整体按 “提出问题 — 解释原理 — 阐述作用与优势 — 说明研究计划” 的篇章结构推进。 D Why do some people feel such a strong bond with celebrities, and what does this reveal about their personality and values? A new study published in the International Journal of Psychology has found that people who strongly admire celebrities tend to score higher in both materialism and narcissism (自恋). The study also found that people who perceive themselves as similar to their favorite celebrity are more likely to have these attitudes. The study, conducted by Davis, Locker, and Williams, recruited 215 undergraduates, mostly women, who completed a battery of questionnaires measuring their attitudes toward celebrities, materialistic values, and narcissistic tendencies. Participants also answered newly created questions that assessed how similar they felt to their favorite celebrity in terms of personality, appearance, or lifestyle. Celebrity worship was assessed with the Celebrity Attitude Scale (量表). Materialism was measured by examining how much value people place on owning things, how important possessions are to their identity, and whether they believe material goods make them happier. Narcissism was measured in two forms: grandiose narcissism (characterized by confidence, entitlement, and dominance) and vulnerable narcissism (marked by insecurity, sensitivity to criticism, and a preoccupation with self-image). The results showed a consistent relationship between celebrity worship and materialism. People who scored higher on celebrity worship also tended to place greater importance on money, status, and possessions. When it came to narcissism, only the vulnerable type, people with higher levels of emotional insecurity and self-focus, were more likely to feel strongly connected to celebrities. Most importantly, perceived similarity — whether in appearance, behavior, or personality — stood out as one of the strongest predictors of celebrity worship. The researchers concluded, “celebrity worship is a complex construct, but perceived similarity with a favorite celebrity and vulnerable narcissism may be fruitful avenues for future research.” Still, an important question remains: do people idolize celebrities because they already feel similar to them, or do they start to see themselves as similar after forming an emotional attachment? 12. What is paragraph 2 about? A. The research background. B. The research subjects. C. The research results. D. The research method. 13. According to the study, who are more likely to worship celebrities? A. Those indifferent to wealth and social status. B. Those valuing self-confidence and dominance. C. Those emotionally insecure and self-focused. D. Those seeking spiritual growth beyond possessions. 14. According to the researchers, what might be a direction of future research? A. Celebrity worship. B. Grandiose narcissism. C. Materialism. D. Perceived similarity. 15. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To explain celebrity worship psychology. B. To warn against the dangers of celebrity culture. C. To criticize celebrity materialism and narcissism. D. To describe scales for measuring personality traits. 12. D 13. C 14. D 15. A 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究表明，名人崇拜与物质主义及脆弱型自恋显著相关，且感知相似性是重要预测因素，研究者建议未来探索感知相似度与脆弱型自恋的深层作用机制。这是一篇科研报告类说明文，围绕 “人们为何与名人产生强烈联结” 展开，先提出研究结论 —— 崇拜名人者更易有物质主义和自恋倾向，且自认与名人相似者更可能有这些态度；接着介绍研究人员、对象及通过问卷测量名人崇拜、物质主义、自恋倾向等的方法；然后说明具体测量维度与研究结果，强调自认相似是名人崇拜的强预测因素；最后呈现研究结论并提出待解疑问；整体按 “提出研究结论 — 介绍研究方法 — 阐述研究过程与结果 — 总结结论并留疑” 的篇章结构推进。 2026届浙江省天域全国名校协作体高三一模英语试题 D Doctor Dolittle, the well-known, fictional naturalist who famously possesses the ability to converse with animals and understand their languages has now inspired a high-paying science prize aimed at cracking the challenge of interspecies communication. A grand prize of $500,000, awaits whichever research team can make real progress: not just decoding the language of another species but using it to draw a reply from an animal. Last week, an initial $100,000 went to a US team studying dolphin whistles — after decades of recording bottlenose dolphins in Florida, they identified around 20 distinct messaging whistles. The Coller Dolittle Challenge financed by Jeremy Coller, a vegan and animal lover, is unashamedly modelled on the Turing test (图灵测试). That 20th-century test promotes efforts to design a machine capable of imitating human conversation, and became a touchstone in the evolution of AI. It also became a focus for concerns about machines tricking, even taking over, humans. The ability to commune with other species is likely to raise similar, unsettling questions as research progresses. If we were able to decode animal chatter, should this knowledge change how we treat them, whether as pets, labour or food? The prize presents a moral challenge and it forces us to reconsider our relationships with other species. Philosopher Jonathan Birch, also a judge of the Jeremy Coller Centre, stressed that the Challenge is looking beyond the interspecies communication we have with pets, or that a farmer has with a sheepdog. Those relationships involve signalling and behavioural responses, Birch explains, “but that’s not telling us how animals communicate with each other... this prize is about understanding it so well that we can start to join the conversation.” While Coller hopes his charity will reshape our attitude to animals, the truth is that even groundbreaking research has largely failed to move the dial on their welfare. Recent work on cephalopod’s (头足类动物) intelligence has not stopped plans to farm the creatures. We might one day be able to understand what animals are saying — but there is no guarantee we will listen. 32. Why is Turing test mentioned in the passage? A. To stress its role and value in AI progress. B. To show its difference from the Challenge. C. To warn of concerns the Challenge may face. D. To show its use in interspecies communication. 33. Which research would Birch approve of to win the prize? A. People communicating with their pets. B. People directing sheepdogs during work. C. Researchers recording how cattle communicate. D. Researchers interacting with birds using whistles. 34. What does the “move the dial” mean in the last paragraph? A. Make a change. B. Win the prize. C. Slow the process. D. Continue the research. 35. What’s the author’s attitude toward the practical effect of the research? A. Optimistic. B. Doubtful. C. Objective. D. Dismissive. 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B 本文是一篇说明文，围绕 “科勒・杜立德挑战” 展开，先介绍该奖项灵感源于杜立德医生，旨在破解跨物种交流难题，已向研究海豚哨声的团队颁奖；接着说明奖项模仿图灵测试，同时指出其可能引发的道德争议；再借哲学家兼评委伯奇的观点，明确奖项聚焦 “真正加入动物对话” 而非简单信号互动；最后提到科勒希望改变人们对动物的态度，但作者质疑此类研究对动物福利的实际影响；整体按 “介绍奖项 — 类比与争议 — 明确评选标准 — 质疑实际效果” 的篇章结构推进。 2026届浙江省强基联盟高三上学期10月一模英语试题 C As the global population continues to expand, traditional farming methods are struggling to provide enough food. However, an innovative agricultural company in Compton, Los Angeles, may have the solution. Their revolutionary farming system could transform food production, offering remarkable efficiency and sustainability. It’s far from the storybook picture of a farm — no mud, no boots, no hens pecking in the yard. Unlike conventional farms, this high-tech facility operates without soil, heavy machinery, or pesticides. Instead, it relies on automation and advanced plant science to maximize output. Using precisely calibrated (符合标准的) LED lighting and nutrient delivery systems, the facility produces up to 350 times more yields compared to traditional farms while using just 10% of the water — and it can be replicated (复制) almost anywhere. The entire process — from planting seeds to packaging produce — is automated. From the moment a worker tips seeds into the sowing machine, robots take over. Nearly 80 plant scientists study best growing conditions for each plant, working with over 100 engineers who translate these findings into hardware and software solutions. “Plants are really just little software programs,” explains one of the scientists. By studying plant DNA without changing it, scientists can program qualities like growth, flavor, and nutrition. For instance, exposing plants to blue light at specific growth cycles creates leaves with a satisfying crunch at harvest. The same principles can enhance antioxidant levels in vegetables by up to 40%. Since crops never contact soil, pesticides, or human hands, they require no washing — reducing both water waste and contamination risks. One of the greatest threats to the natural world is habitat loss due to farmland expansion. If successful, farms like this could reduce deforestation while meeting food demands. Yet the high costs — including energy-intensive artificial lighting — may block global adoption, particularly in developing nations where infrastructure is limited. Could this be the future of agriculture? With its incredible efficiency, minimal environmental impact, and potential for worldwide replication, this high-tech farming model may soon become essential in feeding our growing world — if the challenges of scaling and affordability can be overcome. 28. What is the main feature of the innovative farming system? A. It demands water-free technology. B. It gets high yields with little input. C. It is widely introduced in the world. D. It mixes old and new farming methods. 29. What is the scientists’ major role in the process of the farming system? A. They are gene editors. B. They are machine operators. C. They are system monitors. D. They are plant programmers. 30. What may limit the worldwide spread of this farming system? A. Low public acceptance. B. Great farmland loss. C. Poor production facilities. D. High energy demands. 31. What is the author’s attitude toward the future of agriculture? A. Optimistic. B. Critical. C. Indifferent. D. Doubtful. 28. B 29. D 30. D 31. A 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍洛杉矶康普顿一家农业公司的高科技耕作系统，阐述其无土、自动化等特点、优势，也提及推广挑战及未来潜力。这是一篇科普说明文，围绕洛杉矶康普顿一家公司的创新农业系统展开，先指出传统农业难以满足人口增长的粮食需求，引出该高科技种植系统；接着介绍其无土、自动化、高产出低耗水的特点，以及从播种到包装的全自动化流程；再说明科学家通过研究植物 DNA “编程” 作物特性的作用；最后分析其减少森林砍伐的优势与高成本、高能耗的局限，同时肯定其未来潜力；整体按 “提出问题 — 介绍解决方案 — 阐述特点与原理 — 分析优劣势与前景” 的篇章结构推进。 D When we think about what makes humans unique, a good sense of humor is often high on the list. Laughter and playful teasing seem like traits only we possess. However, recent research suggests that animals — particularly great apes — may also engage in behavior that resembles humor. A study led by primatologist (灵长类动物学家) Isabelle Laumer at the Max Planck Institute reveals fascinating insights. “We documented young apes deliberately sneaking up to hit adults, then waiting expectantly for a reaction,” Laumer explains. “This isn’t random play — it meets all the criteria of intentional teasing.” Over 75 hours of video recordings showed this behavior mirrors how human children joke: repetitive, surprising, and aimed at seeking responses. The researchers noted that the apes even paused to watch for the adult’s reaction, much like a child waiting to see if their joke landed. But humor in animals may not be limited to apes. Dog owners often notice their pets making breathy, snorting sounds during play, which some scientists interpret as laughter. In a 2025 study, researchers found that playing these sounds to shelter dogs reduced their stress levels. Similarly, dolphins emit joyful sounds during play-fighting, elephants trumpet excitedly when playing, and some parrots tease other animals — like confusing dogs with whistles — just for fun. Why might animals exhibit humor? In humans, laughter strengthens social connections and eases tension. Scientists argue that playful teasing in apes or “laughter” in dogs could serve a similar purpose — breaking the ice and reinforcing relationships. Some researchers believe these behaviors may have evolved (进化) to help animals manage complex social ranks or reduce conflict. However, Laumer cautions that more research is needed to confirm this theory, as observing humor in animals remains challenging. While we may never know if animals understand punchlines, their behaviors hint at humor’s deep evolutionary roots. As Laumer reflects: “The line between human and animal laughter isn’t as sharp as we thought.” 32. What did Laumer’s study find about young apes? A. They enjoy teasing others. B. They often fight in groups. C. They seek adult protection. D. They learn from human kids. 33. What does the underlined word “trumpet” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Wag. B. Smile. C. Nod. D. Shout. 34. Why might animals show humor? A. To improve social status. B. To strengthen social bonds. C. To win in complex conflicts. D. To get much more pleasure. 35. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Animal Social Behaviors B. Do Animals Copy Our Laughs? C. Animals Play Tricks Too D. Why Animals Understand Humor? 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通常人们认为幽默感是人类独有的特质，但近期研究表明，动物（尤其是类人猿）也可能表现出类似幽默的行为，且此类行为或有其进化意义，同时也指出观察动物幽默仍具挑战性，人与动物笑声的界限并非如想象中清晰。 2026届大湾区普通高中毕业年级联合模拟考试 A Climate change could have large impacts on food production across the world. Rising Temperatures might boost crop production in cold regions but negatively impact production in warmer areas. Wheat and rice — which benefit from more CO2 in the atmosphere — could see growing output, while corn and sorghum (高粱) could see a decline with warmer temperatures. Farmers can adjust their practices to a warmer climate in four key ways: A recent study by experts modeled three adaptation methods — changing WHAT, changing WHEN and changing both of them. The chart below shows their impact on the output of corn, rice, sorghum, soybean (大豆) and wheat. These three adaptation methods can already go some way to relieve climate pressures in some countries. But, of course, we don’t only care about crop production at the global level. If farmers in particular regions — especially those that are most food-insecure — cannot adapt to climate change, this is still a major problem. So there is more we can do in the future. 1. What should farmers change if they are short of money and labour? A. WHAT. B. WHERE. C. WHEN. D. HOW. 2. Which crop may benefit most if farmers plant improved varieties? A. Corn. B. Rice. C. Sorghum. D. Wheat. 3. What should be done in the future? A. To help the farmers in need. B. To adopt the three methods. C. To focus on crop production. D. To move to colder regions. 1. C 2. B 3. A 该文是一篇说明文，聚焦气候变化对全球粮食生产的影响及农民的适应对策。主要内容包括：气候变化对不同地区（寒带升温增产、温带升温减产）和不同作物（小麦水稻因二氧化碳增加增产，玉米高粱因升温减产）的差异化影响，农民可通过改变种植品种、时间、地点及改进种植方式四种适应路径，以及一项针对前三种路径的模拟研究结果，最后指出当前适应方法的局限性，强调需关注粮食不安全地区农民的适应能力并采取进一步行动。篇章结构为先提出气候变化对粮食生产的影响，再介绍适应方法及相关研究，最后指出不足与未来方向，逻辑层层递进，论证清晰。 C Children are born with the curiosity to explore. Yet over time they are becoming less curious about science. Why? This loss of interest may be partly the result of language cues (提示) children hear. And these cues don’t come just from parents; they can also come from school teachers who treat science as an identity rather than actions. When talking to children, many adults might say things like “Let’s be scientists today!” or “You’re such a good scientist!”. But this kind of identity-focused language, which focuses on science as an identity rather than activities and actions that people do, can be demoralizing for young children. One study showed that children as young as four, especially girls, kept their interest longer when their cue to participate in science activities was “Let’s do science” rather than “Let’s be scientists.” One possibility is that when thinking of a scientist, children might picture a white man. If they don’t share that identity, they lose interest in an activity designed “for scientists.” This stereotypical (刻板印象的) belief that science is reserved for only certain-kinds of people emerges surprisingly early. By the first grade, when asked to draw a scientist, children tend to draw a white man. The good news is that language cues can also be directed to promote engagement with science. Describing science as actions that we take, for example, seems to protect young children’s interest in science over time. But it’s also true that teenagers are actively trying on and ultimately forming different identities for themselves. So in contrast to its demoralizing effects on young children, identity-focused language may help teens stay interested in science. In another study, cueing a future identity based on science (such as “scientist” or “doctor”) motivated middle schoolers to do more homework and was associated with higher grades. Consequently, adults had better use different language cues for children of different age groups to maintain their curiosity about science. 8. What does the underlined word “demoralizing” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Inappropriate. B. Impolite. C. Unconvincing. D. Discouraging. 9. Why was action-focused language especially effective to young girls? A. Because it avoids identity conflict in girls’ mind. B. Because stereotypical belief is reserved for girls. C. Because it enhances girls’ engagement in science. D. Because it shows the activity is designed for girls. 10. What may be the author’s suggestion for parents and teachers? A. To treat language as cues. B. To use identity-focused language. C. To adopt flexible strategies. D. To help teenagers form identities. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Why Is Action Better than Identity? B. How Do Parents Raise Young Scientists? C. How Does Age Affect Science Learning? D. What Affects Children’s Interest in Science? 8. D 9. A 10. C 11. D 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍儿童对科学的好奇心下降的原因，以及不同语言提示对不同年龄段儿童科学兴趣的影响，并给出相应建议。 广东省深圳市高级中学高中园2025-2026学年高三第一阶段测试英语试题 C Methane (甲烷) has spread into the atmosphere through leaks from rice fields, landfills, dairy farms and coal mines, becoming a hidden driver behind near-term global warming. Though short-lived in the atmosphere for just 7-12 years, methane traps much more heat than CO₂. Cutting its emissions (排放) is therefore a key route to slowing near-term warming of the climate, especially as these emissions have been increasing recently. New research suggests that a specially grown methane-eating bacteria (细菌) called methanotrophs may offer a solution to control these methane leaks. Originally found in a lake in Russia, these tiny organisms work by “eating” methane. When air with methane flows through a large container holding the bacteria, they turn the methane into proteins, which will be harvested and sold for animal feed. While this does release small amounts of greenhouse gas, the net effect is less warming power in the air. Tests show they could reduce methane by 60 to 80 percent in air that has been treated. Lidstrom and her colleagues at the University of Washington have been working to improve the bacteria’s ability to harvest methane even at relatively low levels. “Since existing bacteria are designed by nature to carry out this work, the vision is to use this inborn ability as a flexible technology worldwide,” says Mary Lidstrom. “Once it becomes profitable, this solution can grow to handle millions of tons of methane every year, providing a nature-based solution to reducing methane in the atmosphere,” she adds. It’s an exciting approach, but she warns that this method is not a silver bullet for all methane emissions. Still, the potential is significant: when expanded, it could remove 24 million tonnes of CO₂ equals by mid-century. Similar work by Canada’s Lisa Stein, who uses methanotrophs in wetlands, highlights the broader promise. “Methanotrophs have huge potential to address real-world methane emissions,” she notes, with a landfill pilot and an agricultural trial set to roll out this year to build on that progress. 8. Why is methane’s nature highlighted in the first paragraph? A. To detail its human-related sources. B. To explain its short-lived consequences. C. To show the urgency of its reduction. D. To emphasize its uncommon existence. 9. How do methanotrophs work? A. They harvest methane for animal feed. B. They remove CO₂ from the atmosphere. C. They transform methane into protein. D. They absorb methane as an energy source. 10. What does “not a silver bullet” imply in paragraph 3? A. It is not a universal fix for every case. B. It fails to reduce methane emissions. C. Its efficiency isn’t proven by field tests. D. Its long-term effects remain unknown. 11. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. Bacteria: A Source of Methane Feed. B. CO₂: A Less Harmful Greenhouse Gas. C. Methane: A Global Warming Hidden Threat. D. Methanotrophs: A Prospective Methane Treatment. 8. C 9. C 10. A 11. D 这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述减少甲烷排放是减缓近期气候变暖的关键途径，一种被称为甲烷氧化菌的细菌可能为控制这些甲烷泄漏提供了一种解决方案。 重庆市西南大学附属中学2025-2026学年高三10月月考英语试卷 C From rolling hills to mountain ranges, views make any road trip memorable, but for blin d passengers this is part of the experience they miss. Motor company Ford tries to change that. It teamed up with GTB Rom a and AedoProject—to develop a technology that will give those unfortunate passengers a way to feel nature’s beauty through their car windows. The prototype (原型) of the smart car window has a device with an outside-facing camera. With just a press of a button, the system takes a picture of the current view. The colorful picture is then turned into an image with different shades of grey through, LED lights, which vibrates (震动) differently. As the finger passes over different regions of the image, its shaking movements provide feedback through the sense of touch to the person using it. The smart window also comes with a voice assistant that uses AI to identify the scene and help the passengers get information on what they’re seeing. “As the prototype started taking shape, we realized we were giving birth to a completely new language that would give blind people a new chance to visualize and experience traveling,” Federico Russo.-one director of GTBRoma, said. “When the idea was at its first stage, we looked for suppliers all around the world to make it come to life.” He believes the technology can be employed not just in cars. “It could be introduced into schools and in stituations for blind people as a tool that could be used in multiple ways.” The technology may show up in a Ford autonomous vehicle. It’s known that the company is testing their technology and future business model and struggling to figure out how an autonomous vehicle gives different passengers the details needed to get from one destination to another. It’s unclear when this technology will be made available. However, the idea of building something for the less advanced is indeed a kind and influential action. 8. How does the smart car window work? A. By sorting shaking movements. B. By recording the view with a camera. C. By translating scenery into vibrations. D. By presenting different shades of colors. 9. What can we know about the technology according to Federico Russø? A. It will have wide application. B. It will be used in schools first. C. It will be tested around the world. D. It will understand different languages. 10. What difficulty is Ford facing currently? A. How to explore their future business model. B. How the technology is applied to everyday life. C. How to produce autonomous cars in large numbers. D. How an autonomous vehicle provides route information. 11. Which can be the best title for the text? A. AI-based Window Adds Fun to Road Trips B. Ford Develops a System for the Blind to Drive C. Smart Window Lets Blin d Passengers Feel Views D. Technology Makes Blind People’s Trip Enjoyable 8. C 9. A 10. D 11. C 这是一篇科技说明文，主要介绍了福特公司为盲人乘客研发的智能车窗技术，文章采用“问题-解决方案-应用前景”的三段式结构：先指出现有乘车体验中盲人无法欣赏风景的缺失，继而详细阐释该技术如何通过图像转换触觉反馈的工作原理，最后通过开发者展望与公司规划，层层递进地展现了这项技术超越汽车领域的潜在应用价值与人文关怀。 D Have you ever forgotten items when trying to recall a shopping list? Or dialled the wrong phone number when attempting to memorise one? The brain mechanisms (机制) that cause us to draw a blank in such situations have now been identified. Our working memory keeps small pieces of information that are readily accessible for planning, understanding and solving problems. But it will have “swap errors”. For example, if we are shown a red square and a blue circle, and are then asked what colour the circle was, we might say red. To understand why we make such errors, Jeff Johnston at Columbia University and his colleagues recorded the brain activity of two monkeys because a monkey’s working memory is very similar to humans’. The monkeys were shown two differently coloured squares, one above the other, for half a second. After a short delay, a black spot appeared in the same location as one of the squares, and then disappeared. The animals were trained to tell the colour of the square they were supposed to be remembering based on the location of the spot, by staring at the matching colour on a rotatable (可旋转的) wheel. When doing this for about 3 hours over multiple sessions, the monkeys performed the task correctly between 60 and 82 percent of the time, but occasionally made swap errors. The research suggests that the brain responses linked to swap errors emerged before the animals decided which colour to report. They appeared to arise during “selection” when certain items stored in working memory are enhanced at the expense of others rather than occurring as a result of them forgetting or a failure to correctly encode (编码) items in their working memory. “Everyone assumed there were simpler explanations like failure to encode or forgetting, but this very cool study shows that working memory errors come from a previously unknown source,” says Earl Miller at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The team is planning further experiments to gain a better understanding of mechanisms behind swap errors. 12. What is the function of working memory? A. To identify the errors in understanding. B. To reduce the occurrence of mind blanking. C. To develop the way of distinguishing colours. D. To store information ready for mental use. 13. What were the monkeys tasked with in the research? A. Correcting their errors over multiple sessions. B. Playing a matching game on a rotatable wheel. C. Reporting the colour of the square to memorize. D. Figuring out the exact position of the black spot. 14. What does the research suggest about swap errors? A. They are unusual brain responses. B. They show a tendency for forgetfulness. C. They have an effect on working memory. D. They are the outcome of memory selection. 15. What is Earl Miller’s attitude towards the research findings? A. Unclear. B. Appreciative. C. Objective. D. Negative. 12. D 13. C 14. D 15. B 这是一篇科普说明文，通过“问题提出-实验验证-结论阐释”的结构展开：先以日常记忆差错现象引出对工作记忆机制的探究，继而详细描述哥伦比亚大学利用猴子实验记录大脑活动的研究过程，最终揭示交换错误源于记忆内容在提取阶段的竞争性选择而非传统认为的编码失败，并引用同行专家评价强化了这一发现的创新性。 浙江嘉兴市第一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期第二次模拟英语试题 C In the north Indian desert town of Jaisalmer, which is also known as “The Golden City” for its array of yellow sandstone architecture, temperatures can reach about 120 degrees Fahrenheit(49℃) at the height of summer. Here, buildings have long been designed to adapt to the heat, a tradition that New York architect Diana Kellogg has followed with her work on the Rajkumari Ratnavati Girls’ School. The project is meant to empower girls through education in a region where the female literacy rate (识字率) is the lowest in India. Named the 2020 “Building of the Year” by Architectural Digest India, the eco-friendly sandstone school opened in November 2021 and 120 girls are currently admitted in its curriculum. Designing a comfortable learning space can be challenging in the heart of the Thar desert, where climate change is making drought longer and more intense. Kellogg, who usually designs high-end residential projects, was motivated by a 2014 trip to Jaisalmer. She wanted the building to symbolize the hope of the desert by combining aspects of time-honored Jaisalmer architecture with a modern design. “There are methods to cool spaces that have been used for centuries. What I did is to put them together in a combination that worked,” Kellogg said, adding that indoor temperatures at the school are approximately 20-30 degrees Fahrenheit lower than the outdoors. For the structure, she chose to use locally sourced sandstone — a climate-resilient material that’s been long used for buildings in the area. “It’s so abundant in this area. It’s very reasonable in price and the stone is so manageable that talented stonemasons can shape it like magicians,” Kellogg said. Air conditioning isn’t used anywhere in the building, not just because of its environmental impact but because it isn’t common in the area. By adopting traditional and natural cooling mechanisms that the students are familiar with instead, she believes they can get sense of comfort from their surroundings, leading to greater confidence. 8. What was the Rajkumari Ratnavati Girls’ School intended to do? A. To strengthen girls’ abilities by schooling. B. To showcase its modern architectural skills. C. To attract more tourists to the Indian desert. D. To offer free education to the local children. 9. How did Kellogg overcome the challenge? A. By shortening the time of construction. B. By using the most advanced cooling technology. C. By copying the style of high-end residential projects. D. By combining traditional methods with modern design. 10. Why was sandstone chosen to build the school? A. It represented the spirit of hope. B. It was the only material available there. C. It was local, cheap and easy to work with. D. It made the building look more advanced. 11. What’s the best title for the text? A. The Challenges of Building in the Thar Desert B. A School Empowering Girls with Smart Design C. The Hottest City and Its Traditional Architecture D. Diana Kellogg: A Famous Architect in New York 8. A 9. D 10. C 11. B 这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了印度杰伊瑟尔梅尔的一所女子学校，采用当地砂岩和传统降温设计，无需空调即可保持室内凉爽，旨在提升该地区女性教育水平并适应沙漠气候。篇章结构为 “地域环境介绍 — 学校建设背景与宗旨 — 设计理念与挑战应对 — 建材选择与降温智慧 — 全文主旨总结”。文章讲述该校通过传统自然降温方法与现代设计结合，在酷热沙漠中打造舒适校园，既助力当地女孩接受教育，也展现了智慧建筑的力量。 山东省名校考试联盟2025-2026学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题 D In a 2023 experiment by Apollo Research, OpenAI’s GPT-4 was tasked with managing a fictional company’s stock under strict instructions to avoid illegal insider trading. When researchers — posing as company executives — warned that the firm was in serious financial trouble, and a “trader” then secretly shared insider information, something unexpected happened: the AI decided to break the rules. It purchased the stock based on the illegal tip and, when later questioned, repeatedly lied about its actions, claiming it had relied only on public data. This incident illustrates a troubling trend: AI models, even without consciousness, are increasingly capable of deliberate deception (欺骗). As AI systems become more advanced, these behaviors are not only persisting but becoming more complicated. Newer models like OpenAI’s No. 1, which possess stronger reasoning capabilities, have demonstrated more frequent “strategic deception”. In one test, an AI pretending to be a person with visual disability tricked a human into solving a CAPTCHA test. Other models have learned to “play dumb”, intentionally failing simple tasks to avoid restrictions. In modern society, AI is increasingly being fixed in real-world systems, such as autonomous vehicles, drones and industrial equipment. If these systems learn to deceive their operators, the consequences could range from financial fraud (诈骗) and operational failures to more serious threats to public safety. AI companies are exploring ways to detect and prevent deceptive behaviors — for example, by using one AI model to monitor the internal reasoning of another. However, some experts warn that punishing deceptive models might only teach them to become better at hiding their actions rather than promoting honest behavior. What makes the situation especially challenging is that AI deception often appears unpredictably during training, without programmers understanding how it occurs. As AI grows more powerful and autonomous, ensuring that it remains truthful and in line with human values is becoming one of the most urgent issues in technology ethics. 32. How does the author introduce the topic? A. By telling a story. B. By presenting a test. C. By creating a context. D. By designing an experiment. 33. What is an example of AI “strategic deception”? A. Getting mercy with make-up excuses. B. Correcting grammar mistakes in a text. C. Appealing to people with abundant data. D. Solving complex mathematical problems. 34. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The wide range of AI systems. B. The smart application of AI tools. C. The potential risk of AI deception. D. The significant operation of AI safety. 35. What is the biggest challenge in addressing AI deception? A. Dishonest AI models. B. AI’s unpredictability. C. Complex human values. D. Energy consumption. 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是人工智能（AI）模型出现故意欺骗行为这一令人担忧的趋势及其带来的影响与挑战。 浙江省金华十校2025-2026学年高三上学期11月考试英语试题 A Sound is measured in decibels (dB) (分贝) . There are many sounds in the environment, from rustling leaves (20 dB) to a normal conversation (60 dB) , from a screaming baby (80dB) to a subway train (100 dB) . Sounds that reach 85 dB or higher can harm a person's ears. Permissible Exposure Time How long can a person be exposed to a certain sound before risking hearing damage? According to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, for every 3 dB sound Pressure level over 85 dB, the permissible exposure time is cut in half — before damage to Our hearing can occur. Sound Pressure Level Permissible Exposure Time 85 dB 8 hours 88 dB 4 hours 91 dB 2 hours Four Commonest Types of Noise Pollution ● Road vehicles are one major source of noise pollution. This is more concentrated in urban areas where there is a much higher number of vehicles. ● Fireworks, used generally for celebrations, are beautiful. However, they can be very loud, and scary! There is no real way of dealing with it, as fireworks are used so briefly. ● Construction work cause loud and disturbing noises which can make it hard to concentrate. Most countries have laws in place preventing construction work from taking place between certain times. ● Animals also cause noise pollution. For example, if you live on a road where somebody keeps their dog outside for hours on end while it barks constantly, that's really annoying. Obviously, noise pollution is a widespread issue. But the consequences of this pollution are often underestimated. According to WHO estimates, at least 1 million healthy life-years are lost annually from traffic-related environmental noise alone in western Europe. It is time that the effects of noise pollution on public health receive more attention. 21. What is the permissible exposure time to the noise of a subway train? A. 8 hours. B. 1 hour. C. 30 minutes. D. 15 minutes. 22. Which type of noise pollution already has legal restrictions in most countries? A. Road vehicles. B. Fireworks. C. Construction work. D. Animals. 23. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. There is a lack of attention to public health. B. Noise pollution is most serious in western Europe. C. Noise pollution has become the deadliest pollution. D. There is insufficient awareness of the harm of noise pollution. 21. D 22. C 23. D 本文是一篇关于噪声污染的科普说明文。文章首先通过具体数据说明分贝的概念与听力安全暴露时间的关系，指出超过85分贝的噪声会损害听力，且声压每增加3分贝，安全暴露时间减半。接着列举了四种最常见的噪声污染源：道路车辆、烟花爆竹、建筑施工和动物吠叫，并简要分析了各自特点。最后，作者借世界卫生组织的报告数据强调噪声污染对公共健康的危害未被充分重视，呼吁提高对此问题的关注度。全文结构清晰，从科学定义到现象列举，再引申出公共健康议题，层层递进。 D Your team uses AI to draft ad copy, create blog posts, design graphics, or even generate product ideas. But when that content performs well (or gets copied) , one question keeps coming up: who actually owns it? It feels like it should be yours. But under current U.S. law, it might not be. According to the U.S. Copyright (版权) Office, content that is entirely created by AI without human input is not qualified for copyright protection. This means if an AI tool creates an image or writes a full blog post with no editing or guidance from a human, no one owns it. Then what counts as enough human input? Some AI tools let you guide the process, make changes to the results, or shape the final outcome. If a person plays a meaningful role in shaping the content by editing, combining, or making decisions, that work may be protected. But the line is still unclear. Submitting a prompt (提示词) isn’t enough. You’ll need to show that a human made real creative choices and contributed something original beyond just giving instructions. Even if the work cannot be copyrighted, you still need to think about who owns the work. If you’re using AI with the help of outside contractors (外包商) , make sure your agreements clearly state that all rights to the work, including AI-assisted work, are yours. Without that, the person who operated AI might have a claim to the output. Every AI platform has its own terms of use. Some say you own the output. Others say they can reuse or store it. Some platforms even restrict commercial use. If you’re building content into your product design, you need to know what your AI tool allows and whether your competitors could end up using the same content you paid for. AI law is still being shaped. But businesses don’t have time to sit back and see how it unfolds. You need clear policies, well-written contracts, and smart review systems in place now. Otherwise, you could be investing time and money into content that offers no legal protection and leaves your business exposed. 32. What makes AI-created content qualified for copyright protection? A. Its great performance. B. Creative human involvement. C. Its complex generation process. D. Prompts submitted by humans. 33. What does the author suggest readers do with AI platforms? A. Operate the AI tool themselves. B. Make a claim to the paid output. C. Get familiar with the user agreement. D. Avoid the platform used by competitors. 34. What does the author think of the current AI law? A. It is outdated. B. It is immature. C. It is overprotective. D. It is ineffective. 35. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. What to Know about AI Tools? B. Where will AI Platforms Lead Us? C. Who Owns AI-generated Content? D. How to Protect Your AI-Assisted Work? 32. B 33. C 34. B 35. C 本文是一篇关于AI版权归属问题的说明文，主要探讨了AI生成内容的版权认定标准、潜在风险及企业应对策略。文章首先以企业日常使用AI的场景引入核心问题——内容所有权归属；接着援引美国版权局的现行规定，明确完全由AI生成的内容不受版权保护，并进一步阐释了“人类创造性投入”是获得版权的关键这一核心论点；随后，文章从“与外包商的协议”和“AI平台自身条款”两个实操层面，分析了影响内容归属和控制权的其他关键因素；最后，作者指出AI法律尚不成熟的现状，并呼吁企业采取主动措施规避风险。全文采用“提出问题-分析法规-给出建议”的递进结构，逻辑清晰，兼具专业性与实用性。 2026届浙江省绍兴市高三上学期一模英语试卷 D You go on a beach trip or look out the airplane window, and you could swear the ocean is looking a bit teal. Is the ocean getting greener? It is, according to a recent study in Nature. “The ocean is getting greener because there is more phytoplankton (浮游植物), which contain the pigment chlorophyll (光合色素) that absorbs blue and red light,” said Chris Robbins, associate director of science at the Ocean Conservancy. Moreover, over the past 20 years, there has been a significant greening of the oceans, according to the study. The likely contributor is greenhouse gas emissions. “Emissions are heating up the ocean, resulting in a sharper temperature differential that is dividing the ocean into a shallower warm layer and deeper cold layer,” Robbins explained, “This prevents the transfer of nutrients from the ocean depths to surface waters where phytoplankton live,” he explained. Having fewer nutrients could favor phytoplankton species, meaning they gather at the surface and make the ocean appear greener. However, this greening isn’t dangerous to people. “There is no indication that the increases in phytoplankton species causing the greening effect are harmful,” Robbins said. Scientists are still trying to figure out what this green trend might mean for fish and other sea life. “It could hurt some species while benefiting others,” Robbins said. “If the newly dominant algae (藻类) cannot be eaten by animals that rely on algae for food, there could be spread effects, with some species losing and some winning,” Robbins added. “It could reorganize predator — prey dynamics.” If certain in-demand fish don’t fare well in this new Hunger Games scenario, it could mean a seafood shortage. “If we want to reverse the shift and the changes in the ocean’s ecosystem, we need to focus on replacing fossil fuels with clean energy,” Robbins said. In addition, scientists are working to pinpoint the exact changes in the ocean. Ongoing studies could shed more light on what else is going on under the sea and how it will ultimately impact all of us. 12. What accounts for the greener ocean? A. The sharp decline in marine biodiversity. B. The huge expansion of algae near coasts. C. The massive nutrient transfer between oceans. D. The growing surface algae due to greenhouse gases. 13. Which of the following best describes the impact of ocean greening? A. Destructive. B. Uncertain. C. Harmless. D. Beneficial. 14. What does Robbins suggest about reversing ocean ecosystem changes? A. Switching to clean energy. B. Using more fossil fuels. C. Reducing ocean pollution. D. Controlling ocean greening. 15. What is the author’s main purpose of writing the passage? A. To promote the use of clean energy. B. To advocate marine life protection. C. To explore the greening of the ocean. D. To propose solutions to ocean pollution. 12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C 本文是一篇科普说明文，主要探讨了全球海洋颜色逐渐变绿的现象、成因及其潜在生态影响。文章援引《自然》杂志的研究开篇，通过海洋保护协会专家的解释，明确指出温室气体排放导致海洋分层加剧，进而促进浮游植物聚集是海水变绿的主要原因；接着辩证分析了这一现象对人类的直接危害虽小，却可能通过改变食物网基础引发海洋生态链的重组，带来不确定的深远后果；最后提出转向清洁能源是根本解决途径，并指出科学家正在持续研究以更全面评估其影响。全文遵循“揭示现象-分析成因-探讨影响-提出对策”的逻辑结构，层层递进，兼具科学性与警示意义。 2026届浙江省宁波市海曙区等5地高三一模英语试题 D David Uttal, a scientist at Northwestern University, has always been poor at finding his way. At 13, he got lost on a Boy Scout hike for two and a half days. The world is full of people like Uttal- and their opposites, the folks who always seem to know exactly where they are and how to get where they want to go. These differences are obvious, but explaining them has proved challenging. Now, research using virtual reality suggests that to some extent, navigational (导航的) skills are shaped by upbringing. A 2020 study highlighted this. The researchers compared the performance of more than 2,600 twins as they navigated through a virtual environment to test whether navigational ability runs in families. It does, they found — but only modestly. Instead, the biggest contributor to people’s performance was what geneticists call “nonshared environmental factors” — the unique experiences each person accumulates as their life unfolds. Good navigators, it appears, are mostly made, not born. Another large-scale experiment provided further insight. Researchers developed a smartphone game, “Sea Hero Quest”, in which players navigate through a virtual environment to locate checkpoints. Based on data from nearly four million players worldwide, they discovered that cultural factors were linked to wayfinding skills. People from Nordic countries, where the navigation sport of orienteering is popular, performed slightly better. Results like these suggest that life experience may be one of the biggest determinants of navigational ability. Indeed, experience may even underlie one of the most consistent findings in navigation: that men tend to perform better than women. Turns out this gender gap is more a question of culture and experience than of born ability. Nordic countries, for example, where gender equality is greatest, show almost no gender difference in navigation. In contrast, men far outperform women in places where women face cultural restrictions on exploring their environment. To Uttal, these findings carry an optimistic implication. “The good news is that navigation is trainable,” he notes, “It’s never too late to become a better navigator. You just need to give yourself opportunities to explore and pay attention to your surroundings.” 32. What did the 2020 study on twins reveal about navigational ability? A. It is largely determined by genes. B. It is learned through experience. C. It varies little among individuals. D. It remains constant in a person’s life. 33. How was the “Sea Hero Quest” experiment conducted? A. By testing brain activity during play. B. By observing how players navigate. C. By comparing the Nordics with others. D. By analyzing smartphone game data. 34. Why do men often outperform women in navigation? A. Men benefit from practicing sports. B. Women lack interest in doing so. C. Men possess stronger space memory. D. Women have fewer chances to explore. 35. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. What Can “Sea Hero Quest” Teach Us? B. Why Do Some People Always Get Lost? C. How Does VR Improve Navigational Skills? D. Who Are Better Navigators: Men or Women? 32. B 33. D 34. D 35. B 这是一篇科普类说明文，围绕人类导航能力的成因展开探讨。文章首先通过科学家的个人案例引出人们导航能力存在显著差异的现象，继而以双胞胎虚拟现实实验和全球范围的手机游戏数据研究作为核心证据，层层递进地论证了导航技能主要依靠后天培养与文化经验而非先天遗传的观点；随后进一步以此解释了性别差异现象，并最终给出“导航能力可通过训练提升”的积极结论，形成了从现象到本质、由问题至解决方案的清晰论述结构。 2026届浙江省ZDB联盟高三一模英语试题 C When we think about high school’s lasting impact, we often focus on grade point averages, extracurricular activities, and close friendships. But according to a new study, the influence of high school stretches far beyond the teenage years and into our very bodies. The study tracked a nationally representative sample of individuals who were high school sophomores (二年级的) and seniors in 1980. Researchers followed these participants into their early 50s and found strong links between high school experience and midlife body mass index (BMI). This relationship held even when accounting for college education, academic attainment, and weight during high school itself. This research argues that high schools are more than institutions of learning — they are health shapers. For decades, we’ve known that educational attainment is linked to health outcomes, including weight. But this study pushes the timeline back, suggesting that the process of becoming educated — especially the early stages that happen in high school — is just as crucial. So, what parts of high school matter? It turns out that attending private schools, being in high socioeconomic status (High-SES) environments, and enrolling in advanced curricular tracks were associated with lower midlife BMI, especially for women. These factors weren’t just minor contributors; they maintained their influence even after researchers controlled for a host of variables like college degrees and adult income. Interestingly, popularity during high school also played a role for women. In a society where women and girls face heightened pressure around body image, early social acceptance may help establish healthier long-term habits and body ideals. The gender differences in this study are striking. For women, both family and school SES, along with popularity, were significantly linked to adult weight. For men, the connection existed but was less pronounced. One possible reason? The cultural landscape. Girls and women often deal with more pressure to be thin and face harsher judgment about their weight than boys and men. These pressures likely strengthen how high school experiences — both academic and social — shape long-term behaviors and self-perceptions. 28. What does the study mainly reveal about high schools? A. They predict academic success. B. They foster social relationships. C. They determine career achievements. D. They shape long- term physical health. 29. Which factor relates to lower adult BMI for women? A. Adult income status. B. High school popularity. C. College degree level. D. High school sports activities. 30. Why do gender differences exist in findings? A. Social expectations. B. Economic policies. C. Educational resources. D. Biological distinctions. 31. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Gender Differences in Educational Environments B. The Link Between School Grades and Adult Success C. High School’s Long- Term Impact on Physical Health D. The Role of Social Activities in adolescent Development 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 这是一篇基于实证研究的科普说明文，主要揭示高中教育经历对个体长期身体健康（特别是中年BMI指数）的深远影响。文章采用“现象-证据-分析”的结构：先以新颖结论切入，指出高中阶段影响远超认知范畴；继而引用长期追踪数据作为核心证据，证明学校类型、社会经济环境及社交因素与健康结局的关联；最后深入剖析性别差异背后的社会文化成因，层层递进地论证了学校作为“健康塑造者”的核心观点。 重庆市巴蜀中学校2025-2026学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题 C In an oasis of green space sandwiched among Manhattan skyscrapers, one oddball stood out among the parkgoers Monday morning. It was a robot mower (割草机) named “Belawncé”. Looking like an oversize Roomba with heavy-duty wheels, it pilots itself with the help of an artificial intelligence camera system that resembles a pair of human eyes. After two to four hours of mowing, the robot navigates to a charging station. For the past few months, the electric robot mower has taken over grass-clipping duties on the main lawn of Bryant Park, a small but heavily used public park. Toshi Yano, director of the park, said in an interview that the robot mower has proved effective, safe and more environmentally friendly than gas-powered, human-operated mowers. Belawncé is a glimpse at the promise and the problems of using robots for tasks such as yard work. Bryant Park previously tried a couple of other robot mowers that were finicky. The prior robots would get stuck in certain parts of the park. To connect to satellites for navigation, at times the park needed one receiver on-site and another on a nearby office tower. Starting this spring, Bryant Park picked a model made by a company called Sunseeker. It has required less human intervention over time. Unlike its pop star namesake, Belawncé and its fellow robot mowers aren’t beloved by all. Nanci Fioravanti, landscape manager for Green-Wood, a popular green space in Brooklyn that uses two robot mowers, has had to reassure staff worried about job losses from automation. Fioravanti also said that the robot mowers aren’t suited to steep areas of Green-Wood or where tree cover makes them lose signal. Park officials made sure Belawncé navigated around or stopped for humans and wildlife. “Either the birds or the AI or some combination of both are doing what they’re supposed to do and avoiding one another,” Yano said. 8. What is a key feature of Belawncé? A. It is gas-powered. B. It looks human-like. C. It is uniquely shaped. D. It operates autonomously. 9. What does the underlined word “finicky” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Efficient. B. Demanding. C. Independent. D. Conventional. 10. What aspect concerning robot mowers was mentioned in paragraph 4? A. Their adaptability. B. Their limitations. C. Their environmental value. D. Their maintenance costs. 11. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To promote the use of robot mowers. B. To call for a review of robot mowers. C. To report on the adoption of a robot mower. D. To present the development of a robot mower. 8. D 9. B 10. B 11. C 这是一篇科技类新闻报道，聚焦于纽约布莱恩特公园启用机器人割草机“Belawncé”的实践案例。文章开篇以生动的场景描写引入主角——这台具备AI导航系统、能够自动运行和充电的机器人。随后，报道通过引用公园负责人的评价，阐述了其在效率、安全和环保方面的优势。然而，文章并未止步于宣传，而是在第三、四段笔锋一转，深入探讨了此类技术应用的挑战与局限，包括早期型号的挑剔难用、信号接收问题，以及其不适用于陡坡或林下区域等客观限制，并提及了自动化可能引发的工作岗位担忧。结尾则通过描述机器人与人类、野生动物的和谐共处，展现了当前应用的积极成效。全文结构层层递进，从现象描述到优劣分析，体现了客观、平衡的报道立场，旨在向读者全面介绍这一城市管理中新技术的实际应用情况。 山东省烟台市2025-2026学年高三上学期期中学业水平诊断英语试题 D The nonprofit organization iNaturalist recently set off a firestorm among its user base after announcing a $1.5-million grant from Google.org to integrate generative AI (GenAI) into its species identification tools. The platform, which hosts a global community of 23 million nature enthusiasts, from amateur observers to professional taxonomists (分类学家), has logged over 250 million wildlife observations covering half a million species. Users submit observations of an individual organism they’ve encountered in the wild to the iNaturalist app, including notes, audio and photographs. An AI-powered computer vision suggests species identifications, allowing users to choose an ID or a broader category like “Plants”. The app automatically records the date, time, and location of the observation. When the user forwards the observation to the community, it’ll activate discussions to reach an agreement. Once the community has identified an organism to the species level, the observation is considered “research grade”, meaning it can be used for scientific studies. “By using GenAI, we hope to combine information about differentiating species and clearly communicate this to iNaturalist users. Instead of simply providing AI-suggested species, iNaturalist will also offer explanations of why this function suggests particular species and how to tell similar-looking species apart,” noted iNaturalist. Although iNaturalist didn’t disclose the GenAI tool’s working details, it implied using community-provided text comments to generate identification tips. Their goal is to present a working demonstration of this new tool in 2026. The grant announcement stimulated immediate outcry. Many critics objected to the use of GenAI on environmental grounds — the technology uses vast amounts of energy and water, creates e-waste and drives demand for rare-earth metals, the mining of which causes habitat degradation. Some worried such a tool based on GenAI would produce misinformation about species identifications. Others expressed concern about the possibility that their iNaturalist data could be used to devalue the work of professional taxonomists if the AI identification were presented as authoritative. In response, iNaturalist apologized for communication gaps, promising not to replace human confirmation or grant Google special data access. The organization agreed to abandon the tool if it harmed data quality or worsened environmental impacts — a promise of which users remain doubtful. 32. Which of the following can summarize how users use the iNaturalist app? A. Upload, select and share. B. Post, opt and question. C. Submit, consult and collect. D. Register, inquire and analyze. 33. What new feature will GenAI add according to iNaturalist? A. Suggesting species. B. Clarifying identification reasons. C. Deleting outdated data. D. Evaluating community comments. 34. Why do critics oppose GenAI? A. It harms human health. B. It causes privacy leakage. C. It errs in species identification. D. It intensifies competition among experts. 35. Which of the following best describes the author’s tone toward the grant? A. Optimistic. B. Objective. C. Pessimistic. D. Distrusting. 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. B 这是一篇科技类新闻报道，围绕iNaturalist平台引入生成式AI技术所引发的争议进行客观报道。文章采用“事件概述-功能说明-争议呈现-官方回应”的结构：开篇首先交代事件起因——iNaturalist获得谷歌资助将整合生成式AI，并简要介绍该平台的规模和运作机制；接着详细说明现有AI识别功能的工作流程及即将新增的解释性功能；然后重点呈现用户群体的多重担忧，包括环境成本、错误信息风险和对专业分类学家工作的冲击；最后以平台方的道歉承诺作结，同时指出用户对此仍存疑虑。全文通过正反观点的并列呈现，既展示了技术升级的潜力，也不回避其引发的现实忧虑，作者始终保持着不偏不倚的客观立场，未表露个人倾向，完整呈现了科技应用与环境保护、数据准确性之间的复杂张力。 山东省名校考试联盟2025-2026学年高三上学期期中检测英语试题 C Ever wondered how social media platforms decide how to fill our feeds? They use algorithms (算法), of course, but how do these algorithms work? In 2021, Frances Haugen, a Facebook product manager secretly took ten thousand pages of documents and internal messages out of Facebook headquarters. She leaked these to a handful of media outlets. A lot of stories soon ran, largely focusing on the most alarming, attention-grabbing secrets. It turns out that Facebook engineers have assigned a point value to each type of engagement users can perform on a post (liking, commenting, resharing, etc.). Facebook’s algorithm calculates a personalized score for each post to determine its place in the feed. This score is got by multiplying the probability you’ll perform each engagement — likes, loves, etc. — by its pre-assigned point value, then summing these products. Posts are then ranked from highest to lowest score, creating your tailored feed. Then the magic formula is: Score=Vlike×Plike+Vlove×Plove+Vangry×Pangry+ Vcomment×Pcomment+ Vshare×Pshare. The idea is that the algorithm wants to surface the posts you’re most likely to engage with. Have you ever seen a TikTok video with overlaid text saying something like “You won’t believe what happens,” or “You’ve gotta watch till the end?” Some people post videos where literally nothing happens, but they trick you into watching multiple times, thereby winning even more expected seconds. Comments and seconds watched, no matter what quality and kind, tell TikTok’s algorithm one thing: “Give me more videos like this.” Social media algorithms bring the things we engage with closer and closer. Once we start clicking the social media, we’re going to be served up a lot more of it. It’s a cruel cycle that can quickly turn our feeds into endless streams of digital trash. Knowing how and why this cycle happens is the first step to stop it. Just remember: the tech companies choose the Vs in the social media formula, but the Ps are shaped by your actions online. 8. What does the underlined part in paragraph 1 indicate? A. The social media were affected. B. The leak went viral immediately. C. The manager hated Facebook a lot. D. The secret was an eye-catching event. 9. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. Why Facebook designed a formula. B. How Facebook determines our feeds. C. How the formula was created carefully. D. Why users have to be cautious about posts. 10. What does the author intend to tell us with the TikTok example? A. Algorithms are smart to track everything. B. Even unintentional watch can tell about our likes. C. Some people will do everything to attract attention. D. TikTok has more powerful algorithms than Facebook. 11. What does the author advise us to do? A. Focus on the positive videos only. B. Engage less with the content we hate. C. Comment more on what we appreciate. D. Mind our responses to what is fed to us. 8. D 9. B 10. B 11. D 这是一篇科普说明文，旨在揭示社交媒体算法决定信息推送内容的内在机制。文章采用“现象引入-原理剖析-案例佐证-行动建议”的结构：开篇通过弗朗西斯·霍根披露脸书内部文件的新闻事件吸引读者关注；接着以脸书为例，详细解析其通过用户互动行为（点赞、评论、分享等）的概率与预设权重值相乘得出内容排序得分的“魔力公式”；继而援引TikTok案例，说明即使是无意义的观看时长也会被算法捕捉为偏好信号；结尾部分深入剖析算法导致的“信息同质化”恶性循环现象，最终提出应对建议——提醒用户应当警惕自身在线行为对内容推送的塑造作用。全文通过层层递进的分析，将抽象算法原理转化为具体可感的运作机制，在科普知识的同时引导读者进行批判性思考。 D Everyone relies on bias — otherwise known as cognitive (认知的) shortcuts — in their daily lives. For example, imagine you’re scrolling through your social media feed and immediately dismiss a news article because it comes from a source you don’t typically trust. This scenario highlights how automatic and unconscious the mental process can be. These biases aren’t character flaws. Thousands of years ago, this type of quick decision-making ensured the safety of ancient humans. Although these mental shortcuts served us well long ago, they don’t always translate well to our complex modern world. For several decades, psychology researchers have been testing interventions to help people become aware of and minimize their biases. A new systematic review published in Nature Human Behaviour offers the most comprehensive analysis of bias training to date. Researchers combined results from 54 randomized controlled trials involving nearly 11,000 students to determine whether educational interventions can reduce cognitive biases. The studies used a wide range of approaches, including games, online simulations, classroom instruction, video-based training, and group discussions. The analysis found that these interventions led to a small but significant reduction in biased thinking. The most successful interventions from the studies focused on teaching specific cognitive strategies to neutralize (中立化) particular biases. These strategies include actively seeking out contradictory evidence when evaluating a claim and using structured checklists to avoid jumping to conclusions. Interestingly, the research revealed that some biases are harder to avoid than others. For example, people are more likely to cling to stereotypes (成见), such as assuming that someone who wears glasses and reads a lot is a librarian. It remains unclear whether these lessons transfer beyond the classroom; just because someone can avoid confirmation bias in an online test doesn’t mean they will use those skills in the real world. Researchers said this gap between laboratory performance and real-world application represents the next frontier in bias research. This field is important because cognitive biases can have far-reaching consequences in modern society, influencing medical diagnoses, public policy decisions, elections, and more. The take-home message: This review provides solid evidence that bias reduction is possible. 12. How did bias help ancient humans? A. Strengthen mental process. B. Make quick and safe decisions. C. Improve unconscious learning. D. Enhance social communication. 13. Which method is most effective for lessening specific biases? A. Having group discussions. B. Watching an instructional video. C. Thinking critically about an event. D. Conducting video-based experiments. 14. What remains a major challenge in bias research according to the text? A. The lack of research funding. B. The absence of effective tools. C. The gap between lab and reality. D. The unwillingness of participants. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Scientists Find New Ways to Train Our Brains B. Bias Training Proves Ineffective in New Study C. Stereotypes Remain the Biggest Challenge for Society D. Evidence Grows That Cognitive Bias Can Be Reduced 12. B 13. C 14. C 15. D 这是一篇科普说明文，围绕认知偏见及其干预措施的最新研究进展展开论述。文章采用“现象引入-历史溯源-研究分析-现实意义”的递进结构：开篇以社交媒体浏览的日常场景生动引入认知偏见概念，阐明其作为心理捷径的本质；继而从进化角度解释偏见在人类生存史上的积极作用及其在现代社会的局限性；主体部分系统评述《自然·人类行为》期刊对54项随机对照试验的荟萃分析，指出多种教育干预能小幅但显著降低偏见思维，并强调教授“寻找反证”“使用核查清单”等具体认知策略最为有效；结尾辩证指出实验室效果与现实应用间的差距仍是研究难点，同时肯定该研究为偏见可干预性提供了坚实证据。全文通过严谨的研究数据与生活实例相结合，既保持学术深度又具可读性，完整呈现了认知偏见研究的科学价值与现实意义。 2026届浙江温州一模英语卷 A Food labels carry useful information to help you make informed choices about what you and your family eat and drink. Food labels tell you all sorts of information, including but not limited to the following: Date marking: Use-by and best-before dates Foods with a shelf life of less than 2 years must have a best-before or use-by date. The best-before date refers to food quality. Once the best-before date has passed, the food may still be safe to consume, but it may have lost some quality and nutritional value. Products with a best-before date can legally be sold after that date, provided the product is still fit for human consumption. Foods that should not be consumed after a certain date for health and safety reasons must have a use-by date.This means they cannot be sold after that date. You will find use-by dates on foods with a short shelf life, such as meat, fish and dairy products. Nutrition Facts Nutrition Facts tell you the quantity of various nutrients a food contains per serve, as well as per 100g or 100ml. Ingredients (配料) All ingredients must be listed in descending order by weight, including added water. The first ingredient listed contributed the largest amount and the last ingredient listed contributed the least. Here is a sample. Sample Label for Frozen Lasagna(千层面) 21. Which product is more likely to be labeled with a “use-by” date? A. Canned tomatoes. B. Fresh chicken. C. Packaged biscuits. D. Bottled water. 22. How many calories would you take in by eating the whole container of Frozen Lasagna? A. 227. B. 280. C. 908. D. 1,120. 23. Which ingredient has the highest percentage in Frozen Lasagna? A. Italian Tomatoes. B. Pasta. C. Ricotta Cheese. D. Paprika. 21.B 22.D 23.A 本文是一篇说明性文章，围绕食品标签展开，旨在帮助读者了解标签上的关键信息以做出明智饮食选择。主要内容包括食品标签需标注的保质期（含最佳食用日期和食用截止日期的定义、适用场景及销售规定）、营养成分表（标注每份及每 100 克 / 毫升食品的营养含量）和配料表（按重量降序排列所有配料，含添加水），并附冷冻千层面的标签样本辅助理解。篇章结构清晰，先总述食品标签的作用，再分点详细说明三类核心信息的具体要求，最后以样本示例补充，逻辑连贯，便于读者快速抓取关键知识点。 C Cities worldwide are witnessing a transformation in urban environments. Wildlife populations in cities are not only surviving but often surpassing those in rural areas. Urban bird populations in cities like Berlin have increased by over 40% in the past two decades. These aren’t just typical pigeons and sparrows, but hawks and owls, and even non-native species that have found urban environments surprisingly pleasant. The urban heat island effect, often seen as a negative consequence of city development, creates microclimates many species find irresistible. Warmer temperatures extend growing seasons, provide frost-free zones, and create diverse microhabitats within a single city block. Urban environments also offer abundant food resource. Raccoon inToronto have learned some techniques to open garbage cans. The constant availability of food waste and reduced animal hunters in nature create what ecologists call “urban ecological release.” Urban wildlife’s boom(繁荣) not only reshapes ecosystems but brings health benefits to humans. Studies show people in areas with higher biodiversity experience lower rates of autoimmune diseases. Mental health benefits are equally impressive: urban residents who encounter wildlife report lower stress and improved mood. Yet this boom isn’t all positive. Urban animals are developing behaviour changes— increased aggression and interrupted migration routes. Disease spread is also critical as populations grow more crowded, threatening humans and animals alike. Forward-thinking cities are pioneering architectural innovations. Green roofs in Copenhagen aren’t just for beauty — they’re functioning ecosystems supporting plants, insects, and birds, cutting energy costs by up to 30%while providing paths for wildlife to move. Wildlife bridges like Ecoduct de Woeste Hoeve let over 5,000 deer cross highways safely, reducing wildlife-vehicle accidents by 80%. The future of urban wildlife coexistence is promising, driven by tech advances and public awareness — smart tech enables wildlife monitoring, and innovative designs create shared livable spaces. Emerging biotech may revolutionize management: genetic tools help study urban animal adaptation, aiding threatened species. The key is reimagining cities as integrated ecosystems. As urbanization grows, coexistence lessons grow more valuable. The question isn’t whether we can live alongside urban wildlife — it’s whether we dare to embrace the possibilities this partnership offers. 28. What can we know about urban wildlife from Paragraph 1? A. They have grown in diversity. B. They are mainly from rural areas. C. They have adapted to urban pollution. D. They tend to avoid human contact. 29. Why is “urban ecological release” mentioned? A. To present a new ecological concept. B. To stress the constant city development. C. To show the wildlife-friendliness of cities. D. To explain the reduced ecological harm. 30. What can the urban wildlife boom bring? A. Lowered rates of disease spread. B. An improved sense of well-being. C. Impressive migration routes of wildlife. D. Positive behavioural changes in wildlife. 31. What is crucial for urban wildlife coexistence? A. A slower pace of urbanization. B. Adjustment to existing ecosystems. C. Advanced biological technologies. D. An adaptive mindset of coexistence. 28.A 29.C 30.B 31.D 该文是一篇议论性说明文，聚焦全球城市野生动物的繁荣现象及人与野生动物的共存之道。主要内容包括：城市野生动物数量增长且多样性提升，城市热岛效应形成的适宜微气候、丰富食物资源等是其繁荣的关键原因；这一现象既给人类带来生物多样性提升、身心健康改善等益处，也存在动物行为改变、疾病传播等问题；哥本哈根绿色屋顶、野生动物通道等案例展示了城市创新解决方案，未来科技进步与公众意识提升将推动共存，核心是将城市视为整合生态系统。篇章结构为先提出城市野生动物繁荣的现象，再分析成因、利弊，接着介绍实践案例，最后展望未来并强调共存核心，逻辑层层递进，论证全面。 D Why do some people keep making harmful choices, even when the outcomes are obvious? A new study byUNSW Sydney’s Dr Bressel found that for a small group, the issue isn’t lack of motivation or ability, but rather a subtle(微妙的) but persistent failure to connect their actions with its consequences. The paper, published recently in Nature Communications Psychology, details an online learning game where participants were asked to click between two planets for rewards or to avoid punishment. Researchers observed three behavioural types: Sensitives (avoid bad choices), Unawares (adjust strategies after being told their errors) andCompulsives (still make wrong choices even after learning their mistakes). “Some people don’t learn from experience.Even when motivated to avoid harm, they fail to see their behaviour causes problems,” said Dr Bressel. This study followed past research, which only focused on Australian psychology students, but had key differences:267 participants from 24 countries (including over 50-year-olds), six-month follow-ups, and post-game surveys on their choices. The same behavioural profiles emerged across cultures and ages. In Australian studies,35%were Sensitives, 41% Unawares, 23% Compulsives; in the new study, 26% Sensitives, 47% Unawares, 27%Compulsives. Dr Bressel linked more Compulsives to older participants, as cognitive (认知的) flexibility declines with age. Interestingly, when participants were invited back to play the same game six months later, most showed the same behavioural profile. “That was striking,” said Bressel. “These aren’t just random mistakes. They’re almost like personality types. This is not to say they’re fixed, just that they may require intervention to break.” Researchers confirmed Compulsives’ choices weren’t habits: participants could explain their wrong choices. This points to a deeper issue —a failure to integrate new knowledge to minimise bad outcomes. Dr Bressel noted real life is more complex than the game, but the pattern of ignoring experience and information matches compulsory behaviours. The research has important implications for public health messaging. Many campaigns rely on providing information — about smoking, drinking or financial risks — with the assumption that people will act on it. But this study suggests that for some, information alone isn’t enough. “Standard information campaigns work for most — but not for everyone,” Dr Bressel said. “For compulsive individuals, we may need different intervention.” 32. What were participants expected to do in the online learning game? A. Make choices. B. Win awards. C. Observe behaviour. D. Identify errors. 33. What is a striking finding of the new study? A. Cognition declines with age. B. Unawares account for the largest. C. Behavioural patterns are consistent. D. Mistakes influence personality types. 34. What does the author suggest for public health campaigns? A. Increasing lecture frequency. B. Reviewing behavioural errors. C. Developing tailored strategies. D. Enhancing information accuracy. 35. Which is the best title for the text? A. Learning Risks, Behaving Safer. B. Knowing Better, Doing Worse. C. Recognizing Habits, Acting Well. D. Understanding Rules, Breaking All. 32.A 33.C 34.C 35.B 该文是一篇科普说明文，围绕部分人明知后果仍做出有害选择的现象展开，介绍相关研究发现及现实意义。主要内容包括：新南威尔士大学的研究表明，这类人群并非缺乏动机或能力，而是难以将行为与后果关联；通过跨国跨年龄的在线游戏实验，研究者划分出敏感型、无意识型和强迫型三类行为模式，发现该模式具有跨文化、跨年龄一致性且长期稳定，与认知灵活性相关，并非习惯导致；研究指出，仅提供信息的公共健康宣传对强迫型人群无效，需制定针对性干预策略。篇章结构为先提出问题，再详细介绍实验设计、结果与分析，最后联系现实给出启示，逻辑清晰，论证严谨，兼具科学性与实用性。 2026届浙江省台州高三一模英语试题 C A new study published in the Journal of Applied Ecology revealed when, where and how most songbirds migrate offshore over North American coasts. This data can help wind energy managers cut down on birds dying from hitting wind turbines (涡轮机) while generating sustainable energy. The researchers studied 10 years of weather radar data from 16 sites and found that birds flying over the Atlantic Coast and the Gulf of Mexico gather more closely and move for a shorter time than those flying over land. More birds also migrate in fall than in spring. Shannon Curley, the study’s lead researcher, explained, “Birds migrate over the sea on fewer nights than over land. There’s no place to rest and refuel on the water, so birds may wait for ideal atmospheric conditions, such as favorable winds, before making an offshore crossing.” This short yet critical time window gives wind energy managers a chance to reduce collisions (相撞). Curley said they could pause turbine work on nights when migration is most intense-a practice that is currently more common in Europe than North America. “These peak nights of migration tend to have fairly nice weather and calmer winds, and are therefore not the nights when wind operators have a huge energy harvest,”Curley noted. “So there might be a sweet spot where we can target these big migration nights and give these birds safe passage.” The study also found that songbirds migrating offshore fly at lower altitudes than those migrating over land, potentially putting them at greater risk of wind turbine collisions. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service says 140,000 to 327,000 birds die from land turbines each year. But no one knows how many die from offshore turbines, since dead birds’ bodies wash away easily. So using radar technology to identify high-risk areas is key. With one-third of all American bird species rapidly declining, data-driven decisions about turbine siting and operations can point the way to sustainable energy while also saving birds. “Our hope is that this work will help identify high-risk, high-use areas for birds and contribute to positive green energy solutions,” Curley said. 28. What can we learn about the songbirds in paragraph 2? A. They favor flying over open seas. B. They become more active on spring nights. C. They are particular about where to rest. D. They time crossings by weather conditions. 29. What does the underlined phrase “a sweet spot” refer to? A. An ideal balance. B. A moral dilemma. C. An opportunity for profit. D. A place without turbines. 30. Why is it difficult to identify high-risk areas offshore? A. Birds change their travelling routes. B. Wind strength at sea is unpredictable. C. Dead birds’ bodies are hard to trace. D. Radar technology is underdeveloped. 31. What does Curley think of the potential application of the new research? A. Risky. B. Promising. C. Productive. D. Challenging. 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B 该文是一篇科普说明文，聚焦一项关于鸣禽近海迁徙规律的研究及其对风电产业与鸟类保护的意义。主要内容包括：研究通过十年气象雷达数据，发现北美海岸鸣禽近海迁徙的特点（集群更密集、时间更短、秋季多于春季、低空飞行），其迁徙时机受理想气象条件影响；研究为风电管理者提供解决方案 —— 在迁徙高峰夜暂停涡轮机运行，该方式兼顾鸟类安全与能源生产，同时指出近海涡轮机鸟类死亡数据难统计，雷达技术对识别高危区域至关重要，最终助力可持续能源与鸟类保护双赢。篇章结构为先介绍研究目的与核心发现，再阐述应用价值与具体方案，最后强调研究意义。 山东省潍坊市2025-2026学年高三上学期期中阶段性检测英语试题 A Leaves will soon make their gradual change to vivid colors of yellow, orange and red as we head through the fall months, but when you can usually expect peak color to arrive depends on where you live. When Will Fall Leaves Peak For You? —Late September or Early October: The Rockies, the northern parts of Minnesota through Michigan and a stretch from upstate New York to northern New England see peak color first. —Mid to Late October: Potential for peak fall color advances through the Midwest into the Appalachians and much of the Northeast in mid to late October. Most other areas in the western region, including valleys, see fall’s brightest color by this time of year as well. —November: Much of the mid-Atlantic coast and the South are the last holdouts to see peak color in November. Why Do Leaves Change Color? A shorter amount of daylight is the primary factor for the color of the leaves to begin to change. As nights grow longer and cooler, production of the green pigment (色素) slows and eventually stops. This allows the yellow and orange pigments to shine through, revealing the many beautiful colors of fall. What Makes A Good Colorful Season? Location matters: Higher altitudes and northern latitudes cool first, causing earlier color changes. Weather’s role: The perfect recipe includes warm, sunny days paired with cool nighttime temperatures. Soil moisture(湿度): Sufficient soil moisture through spring and summer can help increase the chances of the colorful leaves. Wind warning: If a strong windstorm affects an area that’s near peak color, then it can tear off leaves from trees to some extent, reducing the display of peak color. So grab your camera, plan your trip, and get ready for nature’s colorful delight! 21. When can you enjoy peak fall color in valleys of the western region? A. Late September. B. Early October. C. Late October. D. Mid November. 22. What mainly causes the change of leaf colors? A. Rainy nights. B. Limited sunshine. C. Various pigments. D. Rising temperature. 23. What may ruin the full display of peak color? A. The wet soil. B. The tree species. C. The hot summer. D. The severe storm. 21. C 22. B 23. D 这是一篇说明文，围绕秋季树叶变色展开，先介绍不同地区（落基山脉、中西部、大西洋中部海岸等）的树叶最佳观赏时间，再阐释树叶变色的核心原因（日照缩短），接着从地理位置、天气、土壤湿度、大风预警四方面说明影响秋季树叶观赏效果的因素，最后发出观赏邀约；文章采用 “提出话题 — 分点阐述（时间 + 原因 + 影响因素）— 总结号召” 的篇章结构，以清晰的分类和逻辑，为读者提供秋季赏叶的实用信息。 C Tell me about what you had for dinner last night. You could give perceptual (感知的) descriptions of how your food looked and tasted. Or you could focus more on conceptual experiences, such as what that food made you think and feel. A new brain study found that telling the same story different ways activates different memory mechanisms in the listener’s brain. Signy Sheldon, a psychologist studying memory at McGill University, and her colleagues asked 35 participants to listen to two versions of the same restaurant story. In the first version, the narrator says, “Food was finally served. I remember the two-foot-long pepper mill (研磨器) the waiter used to season our dishes. My spaghetti noodles were circled around three meatballs on my plate. It looked really good.” In the second, he said, “I remember thinking to myself how delicious the spaghetti was. Looking back, I’m not sure if it was because I was starving.” When participants recalled the story that they heard with conceptual details in the scanner, their brain hippocampi (海马区) activated along with parts of a brain network called the default mode network, or DMN, that is active when processing information about oneself, one’s emotions, and more. In contrast, when people recalled perception-heavy stories, the hippocampi activated along with brain networks outside of the DMN, including the left brain region. This area is known to be active when recalling memories that contain details from various senses. Though participants remembered both types of stories equally well in the short term, they tended to prefer the conceptual stories to the perceptual ones and were more confident in their recollections of them. Such preference may be especially true as people get older. Research shows that as people age, they shift away from vivid, event-specific sensory details and toward memories that grasp the main points of what happened, shaping how they remember what they were told. When we’re young, “Things are really novel. We’re going to pay attention to everything,” Sheldon says. “But as we get older, we use memories more for social connection, and we often are recalling and describing things that we are more familiar with.” 28. What is the difference between two versions of the same restaurant story? A. The tones of voice. B. The intensity of emotion. C. The variety of food. D. The types of description. 29. Which story makes DMN in the brain active? A. The air feels cool on my skin. B. The teddy bear makes me comforted. C. The sunflower is dancing in the wind. D. The coffee smells rich and tastes bitter. 30. What does the underlined word “them” refer to in the last paragraph? A. Conceptual stories. B. Research steps. C. Social preferences. D. Perceptual details. 31. Which of the following is the best title of the text? A. Stories sharpen your mind B. Storytelling methods count C. You are what you memorize D. Confidence deepens bonding 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. B 这是一篇说明文，围绕一项大脑研究展开，先以 “晚餐故事的不同讲述方式” 引出话题，接着介绍实验过程（让参与者聆听感知型、概念型两种版本的餐厅故事并扫描大脑），然后阐述实验结果（两种讲述方式激活不同大脑区域，短期记忆效果相当但参与者更偏好概念型故事），最后补充年龄对记忆偏好的影响；文章采用 “引出话题 — 介绍实验 — 分析结果 — 补充延伸” 的篇章结构，清晰说明不同叙事方式对听者记忆机制的影响，印证 “讲述方式至关重要” 的核心观点。 D In the early 1920s, a small, industrial-feeling laboratory garden outside Paris, given the name of the “Garden of Wonders”, was the site of a revolutionary experiment. Here, the French scientist Daniel Berthelot pursued his goal of creating “factory-made vegetables”-producing sugars and starches (淀粉) directly from light and gas without the intervention of plants. His vision was rooted in the groundbreaking work of his father, a renowned 19th-century chemist, who had predicted that by the year 2000, all food would be artificial. Daniel Berthelot envisioned future factories with large glass tanks where gases, under sunlight, would combine to form a snowfall of starch and sugar. By 1925, he had succeeded in using light and gas to create a basic substance used to produce drugs and industrial products. However, his progress toward reproducing photosynthesis (光合作用) ended there, and he died in 1927 without realizing his dream. Berthelot’s vision was wildly idealistic primarily because photosynthesis was not fully understood. The term was only coined a few decades prior, and the cell mechanisms of plants remained largely theoretical until the 1950s. Reproducing what plants do naturally through pure chemistry proved a challenge that couldn’t be overcome with the knowledge of his time. Today, we still cannot chemically copy photosynthesis, but the core of Berthelot’s vision-liberating food production from traditional agriculture-is being achieved through a different path: micro-organism fermentation (发酵). Companies are realizing this “land-independent” production. In Finland, Solar Foods operates a factory where micro-organisms in large tanks feed on gas and water, creating a protein-rich product called Solein. Similarly, U. S.-based Kiverdi and Austria’s Arkeon Technologies use processes that come from NASA research to transform carbon dioxide into food ingredients through fermentation, requiring no farm land. While Berthelot’s understanding of photosynthesis was primitive a century ago, he was ahead of his time in many ways, and his vision was remarkably foresighted. Although we still haven’t literally grown fruits and vegetables as plants do from air and light, it’s worth acknowledging the achievements we’ve made in just the last decade: Companies like Kiverdi may help remove extra carbon dioxide from the atmosphere while offering solutions to future food shortages. Or they may not. Only the next century will tell. 32. What did Daniel Berthelot’s experiment focus on? A. Testing his father’s study. B. Building an organic garden. C. Making food with no plants. D. Expanding the output of crops. 33. What prevented Daniel Berthelot from achieving his goal? A. His impractical ideas. B. The lack of knowledge. C. The protests from chemists. D. His worsening physical condition. 34. What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us? A. Berthelot’s dream comes true another way. B. Micro-organisms can improve food nutrition. C. Berthelot’s theory is applied to modern farming. D. Some companies transform traditional agriculture. 35. What is implied in the last paragraph? A. Technology is a key to progress. B. Berthelot’s work is thought little of. C. Scientific visions take time to bear fruit. D. Knowledge should be linked to practice. 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. C 这是一篇说明文，围绕法国科学家丹尼尔・贝特洛的 “无植物食品制造” 实验展开，先介绍其 20 世纪 20 年代的实验背景、目标及初步成果，再说明其因当时光合作用知识匮乏未能实现梦想的原因，接着阐述如今通过微生物发酵技术，其 “脱离传统农业生产食品” 的核心愿景以另一种方式达成，最后评价其远见并展望相关技术的未来；文章采用 “介绍历史实验 — 分析失败原因 — 阐述现代实现方式 — 评价与展望” 的篇章结构，清晰展现科学愿景从设想、受阻到部分实现的过程。 重庆市第十八中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试卷 C Getting rid of old tyres (轮胎) has long been a problem. Most are thrown into landfills or piled up in storage. Energy recovery is another common method. This involves burning tyres to generate electricity or heat for industries, but that produces planet warming pollution; or we use them to repair roads, but chemicals from them might pollute the ground. Some firms, therefore, have begun exploring an alternative. One such firm is Wastefront, which owns a big tyre-recycling plant in north-east England. In a couple of years, it will be able to turn 8 million old tyres into new products, including a black liquid called TDO (轮胎衍生油). The process works by deconstructing a tyre into steel, rubber, and carbon black. After tearing down the steel, the remaining material is exposed to high temperatures in the absence of air to make the rubber change into a mix of hydrocarbon gases, and then they’re removed. What is left behind is pure carbon black. Once the removed gases cool down, a part of them liquefies (液化) into TDO. The remaining gases are to be burned to fuel the process. This creates a closed-cycle system that prevents emissions. The carbon black can be reused to make new tyres. That is of interest to tyre-makers because it helps efforts to become carbon neutral — achieving a balance between the amounts of carbon dioxide produced and the carbon dioxide removed from the atmosphere. Producing new carbon black requires burning heavy oil or coal, which lets off plenty of greenhouse gases. The recovered TDO is well-suited for making diesel (柴油). While not completely carbon-neutral, it does produce an 80-90% reduction in emissions of carbon dioxide, compared with the conventional fuel. The future market for such cleaner fuels will remain large, even though electric vehicles are on the rise. Fossil-fueled vehicles will exist for decades, particularly the big burners of diesel — trucks, which are harder to electrify. The fuel is also needed by trains and ships. So, anything that helps clean up overall emissions is useful — especially if it also eases a mountainous waste problem. 8. What’s the purpose of the first paragraph? A. To analyze causes. B. To present problems. C. To reach solutions. D. To make comparisons. 9. What can be inferred about the tyre-recycling process? A. Air boosts the burning of the old tyres. B. The remaining gases are emitted into the air. C. Pure carbon black is an unprocessed substance. D. TDO comes from the removed hydrocarbon gases. 10. Why are tyre-makers interested in tyre-recycling? A. They hope to gain financial rewards. B. It helps reduce greenhouse emissions. C. It helps improve production efficiency. D. They hope to expand the future market. 11. What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to? A. Diesel made from TDO. B. Clean electric energy. C. Carbon-neutral process. D. Recovered TDO from old tyres. 8. B 9. D 10. B 11. A 这是一篇说明文，开篇先阐述旧轮胎处理长期存在的问题（如填埋、焚烧污染环境、修路可能污染土壤），随后提出 Wastefront 公司的轮胎回收替代方案，接着详细介绍其将旧轮胎分解为钢、纯炭黑、轮胎衍生油（TDO）且剩余气体供能的闭环回收流程，再说明炭黑可用于制造新轮胎以助力碳中和、TDO 适合制作柴油且能大幅减少碳排放的应用价值及市场需求，最后强调该方案在减排和缓解废物问题上的双重意义，篇章结构遵循 “提出问题 — 给出解决方案 — 解释流程 — 阐述价值 — 总结意义” 的逻辑展开。 重庆市2025-2026学年高三上学期11月期中调研考试英语试题 D The first week of July was the hottest week on record — yet another sign that climate change is “out of control”, the UN secretary general said. Punishing heat waves and extreme weather events like hurricanes and floods are going to become more common as the climate crisis worsens, making it more important than ever before to produce accurate weather forecasts. AI is proving increasingly helpful with that. In the past year, weather forecasting has been having an AI moment. Three recent papers from NVIDIA, Google DeepMind, and Huawei have introduced machine-learning methods that are able to predict weather at least as accurately as conventional methods, and much more quickly. Recently I wrote about Pangu-Weather, an AI model developed by Huawei. Pangu-Weather is able to forecast not only weather but also the path of tropical cyclones (热带气旋). Huawei’s Pangu-Weather, NVIDIA’s Fourcast Net, and Google DeepMind’s GraphCast are making meteorologists (气象学家) reconsider how we use machine learning and weather forecasts, Peter Dueben, head of Earth system modeling at the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF), told me for the story. ECMWF’s forecasting model is considered the gold standard for medium-term weather forecasting (up to 15days ahead). Pangu-Weather managed to get accuracy comparable to that of the ECMWF model, while GoogleDeepMind claims to have beaten it 90% of the time in the combinations that were tested. Although AI models can create forecasts in just seconds, they are unlikely to replace conventional weather prediction models anytime soon. AI-powered forecasting models are trained on historical weather data that goes back decades, which means they are great at predicting events that are similar to the weather of the past. That’s a problem in an era of increasingly unpredictable conditions. We don’t know if AI models will be able to predict rare and extreme weather events, says Dueben. He thinks the way forward might be for AI tools to be adopted alongside traditional weather forecasting models to get the most accurate predictions. 32. What does the UN secretary general’s statement imply? A. Climate change is worsening rapidly. B. Weather forecasts are becoming easier. C. Global warming is a natural phenomenon. D. Extreme weather is already out of control. 33. What can be inferred from Peter Dueben’s statement about the AI models? A. They are too complex for experts to understand. B. They will replace human meteorologists soon. C. They are less accurate than traditional methods. D. They are causing a major shift in the field. 34. What does the gold standard status of ECMWF suggest? A. Its model is slow but accurate. B. Its forecasts are highly reliable. C. It is easily beaten by AI models. D. It focuses on short- term predictions. 35. Why might AI fail with rare and extreme weather? A. It processes data too slowly. B. Its training is still incomplete. C. It relies on past weather patterns. D. It cannot process real-time data. 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C 这是一篇说明文，开篇以七月第一周为有记录以来最热周、联合国秘书长称气候变化 “失控” 的背景，指出极端天气频发使精准天气预报愈发重要，随后介绍 AI 在该领域的应用突破 ——NVIDIA、谷歌 DeepMind、华为等推出的机器学习模型（如华为盘古气象模型）预报准确性堪比传统方法且速度更快，得到相关专家认可，接着客观分析 AI 预报模型虽高效但短期内难以取代传统模型，因其依赖历史数据，难以预测罕见极端天气，最后提出 AI 工具与传统模型结合是提升预报精准度的未来方向，篇章结构遵循 “提出背景需求 — 介绍技术突破 — 分析优势与局限 — 给出发展建议” 的逻辑展开。 山东省青岛市2025-2026学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题 C Many respected climate scientists and institutions say removing carbon emissions (释放) — not just reducing them — is essential to tackling climate change. And trees remove carbon simply by “breathing.” But analyzing the numbers, researchers found that the trees’ collective ability to remove carbon through photosynthesis (光合作用) can’t stand up to the potential emissions from the world’s largest oil-and-gas companies — there’s inadequate land on Earth to accomplish that. And even if there were, if those 200 companies had to pay for planting all those trees, it would cost $10.8 trillion, more than their entire combined market valuation of $7.01 trillion. The researchers also determined that the companies would be in the red if they were responsible for the social costs of the carbon in their reserves, which scientists compute around $185 per metric ton of carbon dioxide. “The general public maybe understand offsetting (抵消) to be a sort of magic eraser, and that’s just not where we’re at,” said Nina, a research follow in the study. Carbon offsetting essentially means investing in tree planting or other environmental projects to attempt to offset for carbon emissions. Trees are one of the cheapest ways to do this because they naturally absorb planet-warming carbon. Oil-and-gas companies have promoted tree-planting as key part of carbon offset programs in recent years. To do their calculations, the researchers looked at the 200 largest oil-and-gas companies and calculated how much carbon dioxide would be released if their fuel is burned. They focused only on tree planting because the expense and technological development needed for other forms of carbon capture are still mostly cost-prohibitive. But Nina warned that focusing only on carbon capture is too simple, pointing out that done properly, planting trees can also improve food security, support biodiversity, and protect communities from natural disasters. The research effectively makes the point that it’s financially impossible to offset $