2026届高考英语二轮复习专题突破 专题24：句法之定语从句

2026高考英语·二轮复习专题突破

  专题24：句法之定语从句

核【核心知识·深度解读】

定语从句是高考英语语法填空、短文改错及书面表达的核心考点，重点考查关系代词与关系副词的选择、限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别、介词+关系代词结构、as引导的定语从句等。近年命题更注重在复杂语境中考查定语从句的灵活运用，尤其关注科技、文化、社会热点等话题中的从句应用。本专题包含核心知识精讲、15道单句填空、10道句子翻译与表达及3篇语法填空篇章练习，帮助学生系统掌握定语从句的用法。

核心知识·定语从句高频考点与辨析

考点类型	关系词选择	关键规则	2026语境示例
关系代词	who/whom	指人，who作主语/宾语，whom作宾语	The scientist who won the award is from China.
	which	指物，作主语/宾语	The project which was launched last year has succeeded.

考点类型	关系词选择	关键规则	2026语境示例
	that	指人或物，可替代who/which（限制性）	This is the book that I borrowed from the library.
	whose	表示所属关系，指人或物	The artist whose works are world-famous is coming.
关系副词	when	指时间，在从句中作状语	I still remember the day when we first met.
	where	指地点，在从句中作状语	This is the lab where the experiment was conducted.
	why	指原因，先行词为reason	Tell me the reason why you were absent.
特殊结构	介词+关系代词	介词提前，关系代词用which/whom	The company in which he works is a tech giant.
	as引导	as引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如”	As is known to all, China is making great progress.

二轮策略： ① 确定先行词是人还是物；② 判断关系词在从句中充当的成分（主语/宾语/状语）；③ 注意限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别（非

限制性用逗号隔开，不可用that）；④ 掌握“介词+关系代词”结构中介词的确定方法（根据动词搭配或语义）。

题型训练一 · 定语从句单句填空

Instructions: 用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空，必要时可加介词。(每题1分，共15分)

1. The scientist ________ discovery changed the world passed away yesterday.

2. This is the factory ________ my father worked for 30 years.

3. The reason ________ he was late for the meeting was that his car broke down.

4. The book, ________ cover is torn, belongs to me.

5. The young man ________ you met yesterday is my cousin.

6. I’ll never forget the days ________ we spent together in the countryside.

7. He is a man ________ we can rely on for help.

8. The hotel ________ we stayed during the vacation was very comfortable.

9. There are many problems ________ need to be solved urgently.

10. The artist, ________ paintings are famous worldwide, will visit our school.