精品解析：陕西神木市第四中学2025-2026学年高三下学期第一次模拟英语试卷

XKB-JI-B-EX-H 普通高等学校招生全国统一考试仿真模拟金卷（一） 英 语 本试卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What will the speakers do next? A. Pack bags. B. Gas up their car. C. Get into a taxi. 2. What does the man need right now? A. A glass of water. B. Some tissues. C. Some medicine. 3. What is Ben going to do later? A. Go home from work. B. Have dinner with Sarah. C. Visit his doctor. 4. Who is the man? A. A gardener. B. A flower seller. C. A private home chef. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Their favorite fruit. B. Items on a menu. C. Drink orders. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How does the woman mostly spend her time now? A. Studying. B. Making money. C. Looking for a job. 7. When did the man finish his career? A. 20 days ago. B. Half a year ago. C. 30 years ago. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Where are the speakers? A. In a supermarket. B. At a university. C. In a house. 9. Which career does the man probably prefer now? A. Writing. B. Accounting. C. Engineering. 10. What does the woman worry about? A. Whether the man will change majors. B. Whether the man will find a suitable job. C. Whether the man will get good school grades. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Co- workers. B. Boss and secretary. C. Interviewer and interviewee. 12. What is probably the man’s specialty? A. Writing. B. Making videos. C. Taking pictures. 13. What is the most important thing in journalism according to the woman? A. Sharing events. B. Presenting honest opinions. C. Bringing the global community together. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Why is the man giving the woman the information? A. They had a conversation on this topic before. B. She is reading books on this subject. C. He is giving her tasks. 15. What is probably the function of endorphins? A. To clear harmful chemicals. B. To remind people of injuries. C. To produce pleasant feelings. 16. Which part of personal development has the woman focused on? A. Diet. B. Sleep. C. Physical exercise. 17. What has the woman always wanted to do? A. Get a pet. B. Cook for friends regularly. C. Do weekly video calls with family. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. How will the tourists travel to the first destination? A. By boat. B. By flight. C. On foot. 19. Which city seems to be the most multicultural according to the speaker? A. Cologne. B. Basel. C. Strasbourg. 20. Where is the talk probably being given? A. On television. B. Over the phone. C. On a social media website. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Are you feeling stressed about schoolwork and assignments? Here are some apps available that can help high schoolers with everything from studying to staying organized. Quizlet This innovative app allows students to create personalized study sets that match with their unique learning needs and goals. By a range of interactive tools, such as flashcards, games, and practice quizzes, Quizlet provides students with an effective way to review and master key concepts across a wide range of subjects. One of the unique features of Quizlet is its cooperative learning function, which allows students to connect and cooperate with peers to improve their learning outcomes. Duolingo With its colorful and engaging interface (界面), Duolingo makes learning a new language fun and accessible. The app offers a range of interactive tools, including speaking and listening exercises, flashcards and quizzes, all designed to help users improve their language skills in a playful and interesting way. Additionally, Duolingo rewards users with cute cartoons and fun challenges as they progress, providing motivation along the way. Forest With its unique interface, Forest helps users stay on task and avoid the distractions of social media, games, and others. The app works by encouraging users to plant virtual trees, which grow and flourish as they focus on their work. If users leave the app to check their phone, the tree will fade and die. With its fun and playful approach, Forest can help high schoolers develop healthier habits and build better study routines. Headspace With its guided mindfulness exercises, Headspace helps users reduce stress, improve focus, and increase their sense of calm and balance. The app offers a range of strange features, such as themed meditation (冥思) sessions, breathing exercises and so on. Headspace also offers unique features, such as daily reminders, personalized progress tracking and even an SOS feature for those moments when you need a quick moment of calm. 1. What makes Quizlet special? A. It helps reduce stress. B. It grows virtual trees. C. It lets students study together. D. It teaches languages with games. 2. Which app is best for learning languages? A. Quizlet. B. Duolingo. C. Forest. D. Headspace. 3. What is the main purpose of the Forest app? A. To track daily meditation progress. B. To create personalized study plans. C. To provide language learning games. D. To help students focus on their work. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了四款适合高中生使用的实用APP，分别是Quizlet、Duolingo、Forest和Headspace，说明了它们各自的功能、特点以及对学习和生活的帮助。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“One of the unique features of Quizlet is its cooperative learning function, which allows students to connect and cooperate with peers to improve their learning outcomes. (Quizlet的独特特色之一是它的合作学习功能，该功能允许学生与同伴联系并合作，以提升学习效果。)”可知，Quizlet的特别之处在于能让学生一起学习。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第三段“With its colorful and engaging interface (界面), Duolingo makes learning a new language fun and accessible. The app offers a range of interactive tools, including speaking and listening exercises, flashcards and quizzes, all designed to help users improve their language skills in a playful and interesting way. (凭借其色彩丰富且引人入胜的界面，Duolingo让学习新语言变得既有趣又易于操作。该应用程序提供了多种互动工具，包括口语和听力练习、闪卡和测验，所有这些都旨在以一种有趣且富有创意的方式帮助用户提高语言技能。)”可知，最适合学习语言的应用是Duolingo。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Forest helps users stay on task and avoid the distractions of social media, games, and others. (Forest应用帮助用户专注于任务，避免来自社交媒体、游戏及其他事物的干扰。)”可知，Forest这款应用的主要目的是帮助学生专注于学习。故选D。 B Vivien He is a senior at a high school in Rolling Hills Estates. Growing up in Southern California, where earthquakes often happen, this 18-year-old girl has spent lots of time hiding under her school desk during earthquake drills. These ground tremors (small earthquakes) are the world’s deadliest natural disasters. And they’re often unpredictable. Earthquake early warning systems do exist. One is the Shake Alert system on the U. S. West Coast. Earthquake monitoring stations in the Shake Alert network detect ground shaking when a quake strikes. Those stations then alert people that the ground under them may soon start to shake. But it’s hard to predict how much the ground will shake at any given place. And people closest to an earthquake’s source are out of luck. They’ll feel the shaking before they can get an alert. Therefore, Vivien built an at-home earthquake sensor. Called the Qube, this device uses a motion sensor called a geophone to feel tremors that may mark the beginning of a bigger quake. Then, it can warn users by sounding the alarm or sending text alerts. To build it, Vivien bought a machine and watched YouTube videos to learn how to use it. Then she went to work in a spare bathroom. During nine months of testing, Vivien’s Qube detected all earthquakes over magnitude 3 around Los Angeles. The motion data captured by her Qube also matched those from a nearby seismometer (地震仪) in the Southern California Seismic Network. Vivien is now building up a network of Qubes around Los Angeles, “I have eight devices in different homes,” she says. A widespread Qube network could serve as a role similar to that of ShakeAlert seismic stations. When one Qube starts to shake, it could alert users across town to an oncoming quake. But unlike earthquake monitoring stations, Qubes are tiny and inexpensive. About the size of a Rubik’s cube, one Qube costs less than $100 to make. So, many more of them could be installed around a city. 4. What was Vivien’s childhood experience with earthquakes? A. She feared earthquake drills. B. She practiced drills regularly. C. She survived a major quake. D. She ignored quake warnings. 5. Why does the author mention the Shake Alert system? A. To prove its popularity in California. B. To show its advantages over the Qube. C. To explain how earthquake warnings work. D. To introduce the need for better solutions. 6. What’s the main function of Vivien He’s device? A Replacing professional seismometers. B. Measuring exact earthquake locations. C. Monitoring tremors and sending alarms. D. Preventing earthquakes from happening. 7. How is the Qube network different from traditional seismic stations? A. It is smaller in size and lower in cost. B. It covers more remote areas effectively. C. It provides more precise earthquake warnings. D. It requires less technical knowledge to operate. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了高中生何薇恩针对地震预警系统存在的不足，自主研发了名为Qube的家用地震传感器，该设备体积小、成本低，能监测地震震动并发出警报，还可搭建监测网络辅助地震预警。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Growing up in Southern California, where earthquakes often happen, this 18-year-old girl has spent lots of time hiding under her school desk during earthquake drills. (在地震频发的南加州长大，这位18岁的女孩在地震演练中花了很多时间躲在学校课桌下。)”可知，她经常进行地震演练。故选B。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Earthquake monitoring stations in the Shake Alert network detect ground shaking when a quake strikes. Those stations then alert people that the ground under them may soon start to shake. But it’s hard to predict how much the ground will shake at any given place. And people closest to an earthquake’s source are out of luck. They’ll feel the shaking before they can get an alert.(在“震动警报”网络中的地震监测站会在地震发生时检测到地面震动。这些监测站随后会向人们发出通知，告知他们脚下可能很快就会开始震动。但很难预测在任何特定地点地面会震动的程度。而距离地震震源最近的人们则会处于不利境地。他们会先感受到震动，然后才能收到警报。)”介绍Shake Alert系统存在缺陷，难以精准预测震感，且震中附近人群无法及时收到预警，紧接着第三段以Therefore引出Vivien研发家用地震传感器，由此可知作者提及该系统是为了说明需要更好的解决方案。故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Called the Qube, this device uses a motion sensor called a geophone to feel tremors that may mark the beginning of a bigger quake. Then, it can warn users by sounding the alarm or sending text alerts. (这款名为Qube的设备使用一种名为地震检波器的运动传感器感知可能预示大地震开始的震动，随后它能通过鸣响警报或发送短信提醒用户。)”可知，该设备主要功能是监测震动并发出警报。故选C。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“But unlike earthquake monitoring stations, Qubes are tiny and inexpensive. About the size of a Rubik’s cube, one Qube costs less than $100 to make. (但与地震监测站不同，Qube体积小巧且价格低廉，一个Qube只有魔方大小，制造成本不到100美元。)”可知，Qube体积更小、成本更低。故选A。 C When it comes to animals that use their noses to smell out crime, most people probably think of police dogs. However, research by an organization called APOPO suggests African giant pouched rats (巨颊囊鼠) could be the next crime-fighting heroes on four legs. APOPO has already trained the rats to find hidden bombs on the ground, detect illness in humans and locate people buried by earthquakes. Now, it also has taught them to use their powerful noses to tackle the illegal wildlife trade. The illegal wildlife trade is the transport of wildlife across countries’ borders to sell them. Criminals disguise an item in lots of ways, including painting it so it looks like wood or cutting it into pieces and coating it in chocolate so it looks like a sweet. These tricky acts make it hard for humans to detect illegal goods. However, African giant pouched rats can do them a favor. They are particularly well suited to spotting the hidden goods, with a highly developed sense of smell that can tell the difference between lots of scents (气味), and a small body that can fit into tight areas in piles of boxes humans couldn’t reach to search properly. And the rats are cheap to train to bring good results. The rats were taught to associate a clicking sound with a food reward, and then they were put in a container with holes in the bottom, with scent samples below. The researchers wanted the rats to identify certain scents whileignoring others. A rat could point out a certain smell to the researchers by keeping its nose in a hole for three seconds. When the rats chose the right scent, they heard the click sound and were rewarded with food, so they learned which smells to identify over time. Researchers later tested the rats at a port in Tanzania where they hid items they hoped the rats would find. Each rat wore a tiny cloth with a little ball attached, and when they found something, they pulled on the ball, causing a sound. The rats found more than 83% of the hidden items. Thus, APOPO is now working on sending its “HeroRATS” out to detect real crime. 8. What does the underlined word “disguise” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Pass on. B. Trade in. C. Look over. D. Cover up. 9. Why are the rats considered potential helpers to humans? A. They have a gift for telling the difference. B. They are well-nosed and cost effective. C. They have fast-adapting and learning abilities. D. They are highly qualified for medical care. 10. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. The food reward system. B. The sound sample collection. C. Smell association research. D. Scent identification training. 11. Why is the field testing introduced in the last paragraph? A. To evidence the rats’ uniqueness. B. To lead in a new way to detect crime. C. To support the future application plan. D. To prove the rats’ sensitivity to sound. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了非洲巨颊囊鼠有望成为打击犯罪的新力量。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Criminals disguise an item in lots of ways, including painting it so it looks like wood or cutting it into pieces and coating it in chocolate so it looks like a sweet.(犯罪分子会用很多方法来disguise 物品，包括把物品涂成木头的样子，或者把物品切成小块，再涂上巧克力，让它看起来像糖果.)” 可知，罪犯通过很多方式来对物品进行处理，比如把它涂成看起来像木头的样子，或者切成小块用巧克力包裹起来让它看起来像糖果，这些都是对物品进行“掩饰”的行为，所以disguise意为“掩饰、掩盖”和cover up同义，故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“They are particularly well suited to spotting the hidden goods, with a highly developed sense of smell that can tell the difference between lots of scents (气味), and a small body that can fit into tight areas in piles of boxes humans couldn’t reach to search properly. And the rats are cheap to train to bring good results. (它们特别适合发现隐藏的物品，具有高度发达的嗅觉，可以分辨出许多气味之间的区别，而且它们的小身体可以塞进人类无法到达的成堆箱子的狭窄区域。而且老鼠训练起来很便宜，能带来很好的效果)” 可知，非洲巨颊囊鼠嗅觉灵敏并且成本低，故选B。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“The rats were taught to associate a clicking sound with a food reward, and then they were put in a container with holes in the bottom, with scent samples below. The researchers wanted the rats to identify certain scents while ignoring others. A rat could point out a certain smell to the researchers by keeping its nose in a hole for three seconds. When the rats chose the right scent, they heard the click sound and were rewarded with food, so they learned which smells to identify over time. (老鼠被教导将咔哒声与食物奖励联系起来，然后它们被放在一个底部有洞的容器里，下面有气味样本。研究人员希望老鼠能够识别某些气味，同时忽略其他气味。一只老鼠可以通过将它的鼻子在一个洞里保持三秒钟来向研究人员指出某种气味。当老鼠选择正确的气味时，它们会听到咔哒声，并得到食物奖励，所以随着时间的推移，它们学会了识别哪些气味)” 可知，本段主要讲对老鼠进行气味识别训练，故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Researchers later tested the rats at a port in Tanzania where they hid items they hoped the rats would find. Each rat wore a tiny cloth with a little ball attached, and when they found something, they pulled on the ball, causing a sound. The rats found more than 83% of the hidden items. Thus, APOPO is now working on sending its “HeroRATS” out to detect real crime. (研究人员随后在坦桑尼亚的一个港口对老鼠进行了测试，他们在那里藏了一些希望老鼠能找到的东西。每只老鼠都穿着一条小布，上面系着一个小球，当它们发现什么东西时，就拉小球，发出声音。老鼠发现了超过83%的隐藏物品。因此，APOPO现在正致力于发送“英雄”来探测真正的犯罪)” 可知，APOPO正在努力让这些“英雄老鼠”去侦查真正的犯罪，实地测试的结果表明老鼠在发现隐藏物品方面很有效。可推断这些测试为它们未来用于打击犯罪的应用计划提供了支持，故选C。 D Plastic pollution is hurting the planet. Even when plastics break down, tiny bits of them still end up polluting the air, the oceans, our food — and even our blood. But a new material might help limit that. “We’re basically running a giant experiment right now, in terms of what microplastics are doing to us,” says Michael Burkart, a chemical biologist at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD). Most plastics have been made from crude oil, a fossil fuel. Four years ago, Burkart’s team at UCSD developed a new type. They made it from building blocks that can be produced by algae (藻类). Now, they’ve shown that this plastic breaks down quickly when a particular species of bacteria dine on it. The new plastic is a type of polyurethane (聚氨酯). It contains many chemical building blocks. Those building blocks are made from ingredients produced by plants and algae. Many types of microbes (微生物) break down plants and algae and eat those building blocks. The researchers suspected those microbes might do the same thing to the building blocks of the new plastic. To test that, Burkart’s team broke their new plastic into tiny particles. They did the same with a different type of plastic made from fossil fuels. It’s known as ethyl vinyl acetate, or EVA. Then researchers mixed these microplastics with fresh compost (堆肥) — a moist mix of decomposed (被分解的) plants, food waste and microbes. After 90 days, 68 percent of the new plastic had broken down. That number climbed to 97 percent after about seven months. In contrast, the researchers saw no EVA breakdown throughout that time. The scientists also coated a piece of cloth in the new plastic. After being mixed with the compost for two weeks, that cloth easily broke apart. Another piece of the coated cloth was not composted. It was still undamaged after two weeks. “I’m so excited for this in the textiles (纺织品) industry,” says Lisa Erdle, an ecotoxicologist (生态毒理学家) at 5 Gyres. “Polyurethane is sometimes used to coat natural fibers, like wool and cotton, for clothing. Over time, that plastic coating falls off, turning into smaller and smaller pieces and never going away. Having something that can easily be broken down by bacteria is better than having persistent plastics in the environment.” 12. What can we learn about the building blocks in the new plastic? A. They are soft and flexible. B. They are made from fossil fuels. C. They can be obtained from algae. D. They can be digested by animals. 13. What is the function of the last paragraph but one? A. To further support the experiment’s result. B. To explain the experiment’s result in detail. C. To show the wide application of the plastic. D. To stress the necessity of using the new plastic in clothing. 14. What is Lisa Erdle’s attitude to the new plastic? A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Indifferent. D. Concerned. 15. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To call on people to reduce plastic use. B. To raise people’s awareness of plastic pollution. C. To introduce a new kind of environmentally-friendly plastic. D. To show the damaging impact of the plastic on the environment. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍一种由藻类等制成、可被细菌快速分解的新型环保塑料及其相关研究。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Four years ago, Burkart’s team at UCSD developed a new type. They made it from building blocks that can be produced by algae.(四年前，加州大学圣地亚哥分校的Burkart团队开发了一种新型（塑料）。他们用藻类可以产生的构建模块来制作它。)”可知，这种新塑料的构建模块可以从藻类中获取。故选C项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“The scientists also coated a piece of cloth in the new plastic. After being mixed with the compost for two weeks, that cloth easily broke apart. Another piece of the coated cloth was not composted. It was still undamaged after two weeks.(科学家们还在一块布上涂上了这种新塑料。与堆肥混合两周后，这块布很容易就碎了。另一块涂过这种塑料的布没有进行堆肥处理。两周后它仍然完好无损。)”可知，该段通过新塑料在布料上的应用实验，进一步证明了新塑料在有微生物的环境中能被分解，是对前文实验结果的进一步支持。故选A项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I’m so excited for this in the textiles industry.(我对这种材料在纺织业的应用感到非常兴奋。)”以及“Having something that can easily be broken down by bacteria is better than having persistent plastics in the environment.(有一种能被细菌轻易分解的东西，比环境中存在持久性塑料要好。)”可知，Lisa Erdle对这种新塑料持支持态度。故选B项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“But a new material might help limit that.(但一种新材料可能有助于限制这种情况。)”以及第二段中对新型塑料的研发、成分和可被细菌分解的特性介绍可知，作者写作本文的目的是介绍一种新型环保塑料。故选C项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Any home may be at risk of flooding, even from a heavy rain, but some homes are much easier than others. ____16____ ? Actually not, but keep in mind that you may be able to make some changes outside that will help keep water from coming inside. Improve site drainage (排水). This can be very helpful, if you have a basement that tends to flood after a heavy rain. Building gutters (排水沟) to keep water flowing away from the house is also important. You may face a really complex problem. You can turn to the drainage specialists for help. ____17____ . Plant trees. ____18____ , but you could plant native trees around your property to help absorb excess water. Native plants, not a plant that doesn’t grow in the area naturally, are important. This is because their roots can go deeper and grab more groundwater. Native plants also tend to be better for the environment. ____19____ . You may want to design a new road surface that absorbs water more easily. If you’re considering replacing a sidewalk, it’s certainly worth considering setting up a material that may reduce your risk of flooding. These new road surface options. can also help filter (过滤) out pollutants that ultimately end up in the water supply. Clean gutters regularly. Everyone knows this, but it’s got to be said. Those gutters are there for a reason, to make rain away from your home. ____20____ . Otherwise, the gutters blocked with leaves become useless. A. Take a look at your sidewalk B. You must keep your gutters clean C. Choose proper water-absorbing material D. It may not sound like a flood-proofing strategy E. How can we make the flood prevention home improvements F. Do we need to make lots of flood prevention home improvements G. They can assess your yard, design a drainage plan, and set up various systems 【答案】16. F 17. G 18. D 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几种简单有效的居家防洪措施。 【16题详解】 下文“Actually not, but keep in mind that you may be able to make some changes outside that will help keep water from coming inside.(其实不用，但要记住你可以在室外做一些改造，防止雨水进入室内。)”是对一般疑问句的否定回答。选项F“我们需要对房屋进行大量的防洪改造吗”与下文问答逻辑完全对应，符合语境。故选F。 【17题详解】 上文“You can turn to the drainage specialists for help.(你可以向排水专家求助。)”指出可以寻求专业人士帮助。选项G“他们可以评估你的院子，设计排水方案，并安装各类系统”具体说明专家能提供的帮助。故选G。 【18题详解】 本段主题是种树防洪。下文“but you could plant native trees around your property to help absorb excess water.(但你可以在房屋周围种植本地树木来帮助吸收多余水分。)”用转折词but引出种树的实际作用。选项D“这听起来可能不像是一种防洪策略”与下文形成转折逻辑。故选D。 【19题详解】 下文“You may want to design a new road surface that absorbs water more easily. If you’re considering replacing a sidewalk, it’s certainly worth considering setting up a material that may reduce your risk of flooding.(你可以设计一种更易吸水的新型路面。如果你正在考虑更换人行道，那么选用一种能够降低洪水风险的材料肯定是值得考虑的。)”围绕人行道和路面展开。选项A“检查一下你的人行道”概括本段主旨，作为段落中心句，符合语境。故选A。 【20题详解】 本段主题是定期清理排水沟。上文“Those gutters are there for a reason, to make rain away from your home.(这些排水沟存在是有原因的，就是让雨水远离你的家。)”说明排水沟的作用。下文“Otherwise, the gutters blocked with leaves become useless.(否则，被树叶堵塞的排水沟就毫无用处了。)”强调不清理的后果。选项B“你必须保持排水沟清洁”承上启下，点明本段核心做法。故选B。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was interested in volunteering at a hospital because both of my parents work in hospitals. I wanted to see what the ____21____ was after hearing them talk about it. To be more ____22____, I wanted to work at the VA — Veterans (老兵) Affairs hospital — in Palo Alto because the ____23____ of VA is “to serve those who served” and I really ____24____ this very idea. To my greatest joy, I was ____25____ the VA program, and throughout this summer break I’ve spent around 110 hours ____26____ at VA Palo Alto in different departments. To be honest, I had never at all felt more welcomed and ____27____ in every department I went to. After some initial experiences, I ____28____ to work in the Office of Information Technology (OIT) since I am interested in computers, and I wanted to see how they are used in a hospital setting. My overall experience of volunteering at VA can be ____29____ into the words of “eye-opening and ____30____.” Throughout my whole life I have been ____31____ to health care, from both my parents being physicians and my health problems, but I have never ____32____ been on the other side of the glass, so to speak. What I ____33____ most about my experience was the ____34____ to see what it’s like to help people. I want to continue volunteering at VA because I believe there is no other experience that can be as ____35____ as working in a hospital that treats Veterans. 21. A. opportunity B. decision C. experience D. adventure 22. A. specific B. private C. flexible D. cautious 23. A. concept B. mission C. profession D. advantage 24. A. contributed B. generated C. transformed D. shared 25. A. accepted into B. committed to C. concerned about D. withdrawn from 26. A. studying B. volunteering C. observing D. exercising 27. A. convinced B. determined C. valued D. amused 28. A. applied B. refused C. promised D. arranged 29. A. classified B. summarized C. divided D. combined 30. A. normal B. relevant C. reliable D. worthy 31. A. attached B. devoted C. exposed D. submitted 32. A. actually B. totally C. absolutely D. appropriately 33. A. respect B. treasure C. understand D. agree 34. A. ability B. responsibility C. approach D. courage 35. A. relaxing B. challenging C. fulfilling D. thrilling 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因父母在医院工作而对医院志愿服务产生兴趣，最终在VA医院获得丰富且满足的志愿服务经历。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在听了他们谈论之后，我想看看这种经历是怎样的。A. opportunity机会；B. decision决定；C. experience经历；D. adventure冒险。根据前文“I was interested in volunteering at a hospital because both of my parents work in hospitals. I wanted to see what the”和后文“I wanted to work at the VA”可知，父母在医院工作，在听了他们谈论之后，作者想亲身体会医院的工作经历，想看看这种经历是怎样的。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更具体地说，我想在帕洛阿尔托的退伍军人事务医院工作，因为退伍军人事务局的使命是“为那些服务过的人服务”，我真的很认同这个理念。A. specific具体的；B. private私人的；C. flexible灵活的；D. cautious谨慎的。根据后文“I wanted to work at the VA — Veterans (老兵) Affairs hospital — in Palo Alto”可知，作者想在帕洛阿尔托的退伍军人事务医院工作，可见此处想表达更具体地说。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. concept概念；B. mission使命；C. profession职业；D. advantage优势。根据后文“to serve those who served”可知，为那些服务过的人服务是退伍军人事务局的使命。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. contributed贡献；B. generated产生；C. transformed转换；D. shared分享，认同。根据后文“this very idea”可知，作者认同上文提到的退伍军人事务局的使命。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：让我非常高兴的是，我被VA项目录取了，在这个暑假里，我在VA帕洛阿尔托的不同部门做了大约110个小时的志愿服务。A. accepted into录取；B. committed to致力于；C. concerned about关心；D. withdrawn from退出。根据后文“throughout this summer break I’ve spent around 110 hours ______ at VA Palo Alto in different departments”可知，作者在VA帕洛阿尔托的不同部门做了大约110个小时的志愿服务，可推断出作者被VA项目录取。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. studying学习；B. volunteering志愿；C. observing观察；D. exercising锻炼。此处呼应前文“volunteering at a hospital”，指作者做志愿服务。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：说实话，在我所到的每一个部门，我从未感到如此受欢迎和被重视。A. convinced说服；B. determined决定；C. valued重视；D. amused娱乐。根据前文“I had never at all felt more welcomed and”可知，and连接并列成分，故此处指作者受欢迎和被重视。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在有了最初的一些经验后，我申请在信息技术办公室（OIT）工作，因为我对计算机感兴趣，我想看看它们在医院环境中是如何使用的。A. applied申请；B. refused拒绝；C. promised承诺；D. arranged安排。根据后文“to work in the Office of Information Technology (OIT) since I am interested in computers”可知，作者对计算机感兴趣，申请在信息技术办公室工作。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在退伍军人事务医院做志愿者的整体经历可以总结为“大开眼界且很有价值”。A. classified分类；B. summarized总结；C. divided分开；D. combined结合。根据后文“into the words of “eye-opening and”可知，此处指作者用“大开眼界和有价值”来总结自己的经历。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. normal正常的；B. relevant相关的；C. reliable可靠的；D. worthy值得的，有价值的。根据后文“I want to continue volunteering at VA”作者想继续做志愿者可知，作者认为自己的经历是有价值的。且本空与eye-opening并列，形容经历意义非凡，值得。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我的一生中，从我的父母都是医生到我的健康问题，我一直都接触到医疗保健，但说实话，我从未真正站在玻璃的另一边。A. attached附上；B. devoted致力于；C. exposed接触；D. submitted提交。根据后文“to health care, from both my parents being physicians and my health problems”可知，作者的父母都是医生，自己也有健康问题，所以一直接触到医疗保健。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. actually实际上；B. totally完全地；C. absolutely绝对地；D. appropriately适当地。根据后文“been on the other side of the glass, so to speak”可知，作者实际上从未真正站在玻璃的另一边，即作者虽有医疗环境背景，但此前从未真正以志愿者身份去帮助他人，此处强调“实际上，真正地”。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我的经历中，我最珍视的是有能力看到帮助别人是什么样的。A. respect尊重；B. treasure珍惜；C. understand理解；D. agree同意。根据后文“to see what it’s like to help people”可知，作者在回顾经历时表达对这段经历的珍视。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. ability能力；B. responsibility责任；C. approach方法；D. courage勇气。根据后文“to see what it’s like to help people”可知，作者从事志愿者工作，有能力看到帮助别人是什么感觉。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想继续在退伍军人事务局做志愿者，因为我相信没有什么经历能比在一家治疗退伍军人的医院工作更令人满足了。A. relaxing放松的；B. challenging有挑战性的；C. fulfilling令人满足的；D. thrilling令人兴奋的。根据前文“I want to continue volunteering at VA”可知，作者想继续做志愿者，说明作者认为在一家治疗退伍军人的医院工作令人满足，强调内心的成就感与满足感。故选C。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Hongkou District Sports Festival, aiming ___36___ (establish) Shanghai’s Ruihong Tiandi as an integrated sports and consumption centre, kicked off on July 5. ___37___ (span) 58 days through August 31, the event capitalized on its peak summer season to engage all age groups with 13 major competitions and 45 sporting disciplines. Structured around three main activity pillars — competitive sports events community ___38___ (compete) and recreational sports activities — the festival featured national, city, and district-level sporting events. These included a national Go championship hosted by the Chinese Weiqi Association, a Shanghai amateur fencing open organized by the China Sport School Federation, ___39___ a youth jump rope competition ___40___ talented students demonstrated their athletic abilities. Since its launch, more than 200 experiential activities, followed by a tech-integrated sports zone ___41___ (add) in mid-August, ___42___ (develop) for the festival through its partnership with Decathlon. To boost commercial cooperation, organizers team up ___43___ 100 local restaurants and 39 sports venues, launching discount packages with parking privileges. A cutting-edge virtual carnival demonstrates ___44___ enhanced reality technology transforms athletic experiences, operating daily from 7:00 am until 2:00 am to serve diverse schedules. This extended framework of the Hongkou Hazhajin Sports Festival promotes sports-retail integration and stimulates district-wide economic vitality, with each goal ____45____ (respective) in place. 【答案】36. to establish 37. Spanning 38. competitions 39. and 40. where 41. added 42. have been developed 43. with 44. how 45. respectively 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了虹口区体育节的举办目的、活动内容、合作模式及经济意义。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：旨在将上海瑞虹天地打造成集体育与消费于一体中心，虹口区体育节于7月5日开幕。固定搭配aim to do sth.表示“旨在做某事”，本空用不定式，作宾语。故填to establish。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该活动持续58天至8月31日，利用夏季旺季，通过13项主要赛事和45个体育项目吸引各年龄段人群。此处为非谓语，句子主语the event与span持续之间为主动关系，用现在分词作状语，故填Spanning。 【38题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：体育节围绕三大活动支柱——竞技体育赛事、社区竞赛和休闲体育活动展开。此处与competitions、activities并列，需用名词复数形式，表泛指，故填competitions。 【39题详解】 考查连词。句意：其中包括由中国围棋协会主办的全国围棋锦标赛、由中国体育运动学校联合会组织的上海业余击剑公开赛，以及一场由有天赋的学生参加的青少年跳绳比赛，他们在比赛中展示了自身的运动能力。a national Go championship、a Shanghai amateur fencing open和a youth jump rope competition是并列关系，用连词and连接。故填and。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：其中包括由中国围棋协会主办的全国围棋锦标赛、由中国体育运动学校联合会组织的上海业余击剑公开赛，以及一场由有天赋的学生参加的青少年跳绳比赛，他们在比赛中展示了自身的运动能力。本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词a youth jump rope competition，关系词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：自举办以来，通过与迪卡侬合作，为体育节开发了200多项体验活动，8月中旬还增设了一个科技融合的体育专区。zone与add之间为被动关系，故用过去分词，作后置定语，故填added。 【42题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：自举办以来，通过与迪卡侬合作，为体育节开发了200多项体验活动，8月中旬还增设了一个科技融合的体育专区。时间状语Since its launch提示用现在完成时，主语activities与develop之间为被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为复数，助动词用have。故填have been developed。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：为促进商业合作，主办方与100家本地餐厅和39家体育场馆合作，推出含停车特权的优惠套餐。固定搭配team up with表示“与……合作”，故填with。 【44题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：一场前沿的虚拟嘉年华展示了增强现实技术如何改变运动体验，每天从早上7点运营到凌晨2点，以满足不同作息人群的需求。此处引导宾语从句，表“如何”，用how引导。故填how。 【45题详解】 考查副词。句意：虹口区Hazhajin体育节的这一扩展框架促进了体育与零售的融合，激发了全区的经济活力，各项目标分别落实到位。此处修饰介词短语in place，需用副词形式respectively，作状语。故填respectively。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假如你是高三二班班长李华，本周你校发起了“Greening our classroom”的倡议，号召每班教室内养一些绿植。请给你校外教Mr. Smith写一封信，交流一下。内容包括； 1. 你的观点； 2. 你的设想。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr. Smith, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mr. Smith, I’m Li Hua, the monitor of Class 2, Grade 3. Our school has launched an initiative called “Greening our classroom” this week. I think it’s a great idea. Green plants can not only purify the air but also relieve our stress. Here are my ideas. We plan to place some small green plants like lvluo and cacti on the window sills and in the corners of the classroom. Besides, we will arrange a plant-care roster to ensure the plants are well-taken care of. What do you think of our plan? Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于本周学校发起的“Greening our classroom”倡议，号召每班教室内养一些绿植这一情况，给外教Mr. Smith写一封信，交流一下。 【详解】1.词汇积累 好的：great→ good 缓解：relieve→ ease 此外：Besides→ What’s more 压力：stress→ pressure 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Our school has launched an initiative called “Greening our classroom” this week. 拓展句：Our school has launched an initiative, which is called “Greening our classroom” this week. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Green plants can not only purify the air but also relieve our stress.（运用了not only…but also…固定句型。） 【高分句型2】Besides, we will arrange a plant-care roster to ensure the plants are well-taken care of.（运用了动词不定式作目的状语。） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One of my memorable breakthrough moments with a student actually happened quite recently. It was exam season in our school, and as we well know, for those students who are already anxious about math, high-pressure testing tends to further cause negative emotions associated with math, which can lead to a lack of interest, poor academic performance, and low confidence in the subject. For this particular student, Julia, her attitude to math class for as long as she could remember had always been negative. Julia had come in for a math-therapy (数学治疗) session with me two days before her math exam. I love these sessions because they allow us to go deep into the root causes of the problem and really tackle the emotional component of learning, and as my favorite brain-based learning expert Liesl McConchie says: A student’s emotional relationship with math is foundational to their cognitive (认知) relationship with math. I started by asking Julia how she was feeling about her math exam, and she immediately said one powerful word: “Scared.” Then I asked an equally powerful question: “Why?” “Because I’m going to be too anxious to answer anything,” Julia replied. I found that when students are anxious about math, it seems totally obvious that they would be scared every time they encounter math. I used a strategy with her that I call “Then what?”, and our conversation went something like this. “Then what?” I continued asking. “Well ... I’ll have to take the course again in summer school!” Julia said after consideration. “Then what?” I repeated. “Well, nothing, I guess. It’ll just be annoying,” she said. “Then what?” I asked once again. “I don’t know. I guess I’ll eventually pass and not have to take math again,” she whispered. That’s it. By breaking down her fears, we went from panic to a more manageable kind of annoyance. This transformation allowed Julia to regain control over her nervous system, and “Then what?” was a technique she could use during the exam to keep calm. 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Finally, I encouraged Julia to rethink what the exam really means. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Three days later, I received a message from Julia about her exam. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Finally, I encouraged Julia to rethink what the exam really means. “Instead of a high- pressure test I might fail, it’s a chance to practice?” Julia said, looking uncertain. I nodded and told her to focus on something unrelated to her fear and to enjoy the exam. I also pointed out how hard she had been studying. In the end, she decided she would just focus on making preparations, letting go of the fear of an unsatisfactory outcome. “I’ll stay in the present rather than being consumed by anxiety,” Julia smiled when she left. Three days later, I received a message from Julia about her exam. It read “Hey! I finished my exam. I have no idea how I did, but I felt proud to use the ‘Then what?’ strategy twice when panic set in. Whatever the mark, I’m proud of my progress!” This moment highlights the essence of my work. Helping Julia to see and value herself as a learner who gives undivided attention to learning itself is the key to healing broken relationships with math. It’s moments like these that make every effort worth it. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，本文讲述了作者在考试季帮助对数学持消极态度的学生Julia克服对数学考试恐惧的经历。考试季中，Julia因害怕考不好而极度恐惧数学考试。作者通过 “Then what?” 的策略引导她剖析恐惧，使她从恐慌转为较易应对的烦恼，重获对神经系统的控制。之后，作者鼓励 Julia 重新思考考试意义，让她意识到考试是练习机会，应专注准备、放下对结果的担忧。三天后，Julia 告知作者考试时使用了该策略，虽不知成绩，但为自己的进步自豪，作者也感慨这一过程体现了自己工作的价值。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“最后，我鼓励朱莉娅重新思考这场考试真正意味着什么。”可知，第一段可描写作者鼓励 Julia重新思考考试意义的过程。Julia提出考试或许是练习的机会，作者点头肯定并引导她专注享受考试，强调她的努力学习，最后Julia决定专注准备，放下对结果的担忧，带着不再被焦虑吞噬的决心离开，突出引导Julia转变对考试看法的过程 ②由第二段首句内容“三天后，我收到了朱莉娅发来的关于她考试情况的消息。”可知，第二段可描写三天后收到Julia关于考试的消息内容。Julia告知作者考试时使用了“Then what?”策略，虽不知成绩，但为自己的进步自豪。作者感慨这体现工作本质，帮助Julia 将自己视为专注学习本身的学习者，修复与数学的关系，突出这一时刻对作者工作的意义。。 2.续写线索：鼓励重新思考考试意义——引导专注准备放下担忧——收到考试消息——学生为进步自豪——作者感慨工作意义 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①告知：tell/inform ②专注：focus on/concentrate on ③放下：let go of/put aside 情绪类： ①自豪的：proud/glorious ②恐慌：panic/fear 【点睛】【高分句型 1】“I’ll stay in the present rather than being consumed by anxiety,” Julia smiled when she left.（运用了when 引导的时间状语从句） 【高分句型 2】Helping Julia to see and value herself as a learner who gives undivided attention to learning itself is the key to healing broken relationships with math.（运用了 who 引导的定语从句 ） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ XKB-JI-B-EX-H 普通高等学校招生全国统一考试仿真模拟金卷（一） 英 语 本试卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What will the speakers do next? A. Pack bags. B. Gas up their car. C. Get into a taxi. 2. What does the man need right now? A. A glass of water. B. Some tissues. C. Some medicine. 3. What is Ben going to do later? A. Go home from work. B. Have dinner with Sarah. C. Visit his doctor. 4. Who is the man? A. A gardener. B. A flower seller. C. A private home chef. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Their favorite fruit. B. Items on a menu. C. Drink orders. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How does the woman mostly spend her time now? A. Studying. B. Making money. C. Looking for a job. 7. When did the man finish his career? A. 20 days ago. B. Half a year ago. C. 30 years ago. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Where are the speakers? A. In a supermarket. B. At a university. C. In a house. 9. Which career does the man probably prefer now? A. Writing. B. Accounting. C. Engineering. 10. What does the woman worry about? A. Whether the man will change majors. B. Whether the man will find a suitable job. C. Whether the man will get good school grades. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11 What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Co- workers. B. Boss and secretary. C. Interviewer and interviewee. 12. What is probably the man’s specialty? A. Writing. B. Making videos. C. Taking pictures. 13. What is the most important thing in journalism according to the woman? A. Sharing events. B. Presenting honest opinions. C. Bringing the global community together. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Why is the man giving the woman the information? A. They had a conversation on this topic before. B. She is reading books on this subject. C. He is giving her tasks. 15. What is probably the function of endorphins? A. To clear harmful chemicals. B. To remind people of injuries. C. To produce pleasant feelings. 16. Which part of personal development has the woman focused on? A. Diet. B. Sleep. C. Physical exercise. 17. What has the woman always wanted to do? A. Get a pet. B. Cook for friends regularly. C. Do weekly video calls with family. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. How will the tourists travel to the first destination? A. By boat. B. By flight. C. On foot. 19. Which city seems to be the most multicultural according to the speaker? A. Cologne. B. Basel. C. Strasbourg. 20. Where is the talk probably being given? A. On television. B. Over the phone. C. On a social media website. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Are you feeling stressed about schoolwork and assignments? Here are some apps available that can help high schoolers with everything from studying to staying organized. Quizlet This innovative app allows students to create personalized study sets that match with their unique learning needs and goals. By a range of interactive tools, such as flashcards, games, and practice quizzes, Quizlet provides students with an effective way to review and master key concepts across a wide range of subjects. One of the unique features of Quizlet is its cooperative learning function, which allows students to connect and cooperate with peers to improve their learning outcomes. Duolingo With its colorful and engaging interface (界面), Duolingo makes learning a new language fun and accessible. The app offers a range of interactive tools, including speaking and listening exercises, flashcards and quizzes, all designed to help users improve their language skills in a playful and interesting way. Additionally, Duolingo rewards users with cute cartoons and fun challenges as they progress, providing motivation along the way. Forest With its unique interface, Forest helps users stay on task and avoid the distractions of social media, games, and others. The app works by encouraging users to plant virtual trees, which grow and flourish as they focus on their work. If users leave the app to check their phone, the tree will fade and die. With its fun and playful approach, Forest can help high schoolers develop healthier habits and build better study routines. Headspace With its guided mindfulness exercises, Headspace helps users reduce stress, improve focus, and increase their sense of calm and balance. The app offers a range of strange features, such as themed meditation (冥思) sessions, breathing exercises and so on. Headspace also offers unique features, such as daily reminders, personalized progress tracking and even an SOS feature for those moments when you need a quick moment of calm. 1. What makes Quizlet special? A. It helps reduce stress. B. It grows virtual trees. C It lets students study together. D. It teaches languages with games. 2. Which app is best for learning languages? A. Quizlet. B. Duolingo. C. Forest. D. Headspace. 3. What is the main purpose of the Forest app? A. To track daily meditation progress. B. To create personalized study plans. C. To provide language learning games. D. To help students focus on their work. B Vivien He is a senior at a high school in Rolling Hills Estates. Growing up in Southern California, where earthquakes often happen, this 18-year-old girl has spent lots of time hiding under her school desk during earthquake drills. These ground tremors (small earthquakes) are the world’s deadliest natural disasters. And they’re often unpredictable. Earthquake early warning systems do exist One is the Shake Alert system on the U. S. West Coast. Earthquake monitoring stations in the Shake Alert network detect ground shaking when a quake strikes. Those stations then alert people that the ground under them may soon start to shake. But it’s hard to predict how much the ground will shake at any given place. And people closest to an earthquake’s source are out of luck. They’ll feel the shaking before they can get an alert. Therefore, Vivien built an at-home earthquake sensor. Called the Qube, this device uses a motion sensor called a geophone to feel tremors that may mark the beginning of a bigger quake. Then, it can warn users by sounding the alarm or sending text alerts. To build it, Vivien bought a machine and watched YouTube videos to learn how to use it. Then she went to work in a spare bathroom. During nine months of testing, Vivien’s Qube detected all earthquakes over magnitude 3 around Los Angeles. The motion data captured by her Qube also matched those from a nearby seismometer (地震仪) in the Southern California Seismic Network. Vivien is now building up a network of Qubes around Los Angeles, “I have eight devices in different homes,” she says. A widespread Qube network could serve as a role similar to that of ShakeAlert seismic stations. When one Qube starts to shake, it could alert users across town to an oncoming quake. But unlike earthquake monitoring stations, Qubes are tiny and inexpensive. About the size of a Rubik’s cube, one Qube costs less than $100 to make. So, many more of them could be installed around a city. 4. What was Vivien’s childhood experience with earthquakes? A. She feared earthquake drills. B. She practiced drills regularly. C. She survived a major quake. D. She ignored quake warnings. 5. Why does the author mention the Shake Alert system? A. To prove its popularity in California. B. To show its advantages over the Qube. C. To explain how earthquake warnings work. D. To introduce the need for better solutions. 6. What’s the main function of Vivien He’s device? A. Replacing professional seismometers. B. Measuring exact earthquake locations. C. Monitoring tremors and sending alarms. D. Preventing earthquakes from happening. 7. How is the Qube network different from traditional seismic stations? A. It is smaller in size and lower in cost. B. It covers more remote areas effectively. C. It provides more precise earthquake warnings. D. It requires less technical knowledge to operate. C When it comes to animals that use their noses to smell out crime, most people probably think of police dogs. However, research by an organization called APOPO suggests African giant pouched rats (巨颊囊鼠) could be the next crime-fighting heroes on four legs. APOPO has already trained the rats to find hidden bombs on the ground, detect illness in humans and locate people buried by earthquakes. Now, it also has taught them to use their powerful noses to tackle the illegal wildlife trade. The illegal wildlife trade is the transport of wildlife across countries’ borders to sell them. Criminals disguise an item in lots of ways, including painting it so it looks like wood or cutting it into pieces and coating it in chocolate so it looks like a sweet. These tricky acts make it hard for humans to detect illegal goods. However, African giant pouched rats can do them a favor. They are particularly well suited to spotting the hidden goods, with a highly developed sense of smell that can tell the difference between lots of scents (气味), and a small body that can fit into tight areas in piles of boxes humans couldn’t reach to search properly. And the rats are cheap to train to bring good results. The rats were taught to associate a clicking sound with a food reward, and then they were put in a container with holes in the bottom, with scent samples below. The researchers wanted the rats to identify certain scents whileignoring others. A rat could point out a certain smell to the researchers by keeping its nose in a hole for three seconds. When the rats chose the right scent, they heard the click sound and were rewarded with food, so they learned which smells to identify over time. Researchers later tested the rats at a port in Tanzania where they hid items they hoped the rats would find. Each rat wore a tiny cloth with a little ball attached, and when they found something, they pulled on the ball, causing a sound. The rats found more than 83% of the hidden items. Thus, APOPO is now working on sending its “HeroRATS” out to detect real crime. 8. What does the underlined word “disguise” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Pass on. B. Trade in. C. Look over. D. Cover up. 9. Why are the rats considered potential helpers to humans? A. They have a gift for telling the difference. B. They are well-nosed and cost effective. C. They have fast-adapting and learning abilities. D. They are highly qualified for medical care. 10. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. The food reward system. B. The sound sample collection. C. Smell association research. D. Scent identification training. 11. Why is the field testing introduced in the last paragraph? A. To evidence the rats’ uniqueness. B. To lead in a new way to detect crime. C. To support the future application plan. D. To prove the rats’ sensitivity to sound. D Plastic pollution is hurting the planet. Even when plastics break down, tiny bits of them still end up polluting the air, the oceans, our food — and even our blood. But a new material might help limit that. “We’re basically running a giant experiment right now, in terms of what microplastics are doing to us,” says Michael Burkart, a chemical biologist at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD). Most plastics have been made from crude oil, a fossil fuel. Four years ago, Burkart’s team at UCSD developed a new type. They made it from building blocks that can be produced by algae (藻类). Now, they’ve shown that this plastic breaks down quickly when a particular species of bacteria dine on it. The new plastic is a type of polyurethane (聚氨酯) It contains many chemical building blocks. Those building blocks are made from ingredients produced by plants and algae. Many types of microbes (微生物) break down plants and algae and eat those building blocks. The researchers suspected those microbes might do the same thing to the building blocks of the new plastic. To test that, Burkart’s team broke their new plastic into tiny particles. They did the same with a different type of plastic made from fossil fuels. It’s known as ethyl vinyl acetate, or EVA. Then researchers mixed these microplastics with fresh compost (堆肥) — a moist mix of decomposed (被分解的) plants, food waste and microbes. After 90 days, 68 percent of the new plastic had broken down. That number climbed to 97 percent after about seven months. In contrast, the researchers saw no EVA breakdown throughout that time. The scientists also coated a piece of cloth in the new plastic. After being mixed with the compost for two weeks, that cloth easily broke apart. Another piece of the coated cloth was not composted. It was still undamaged after two weeks. “I’m so excited for this in the textiles (纺织品) industry,” says Lisa Erdle, an ecotoxicologist (生态毒理学家) at 5 Gyres. “Polyurethane is sometimes used to coat natural fibers, like wool and cotton, for clothing. Over time, that plastic coating falls off, turning into smaller and smaller pieces and never going away. Having something that can easily be broken down by bacteria is better than having persistent plastics in the environment.” 12. What can we learn about the building blocks in the new plastic? A. They are soft and flexible. B. They are made from fossil fuels. C. They can be obtained from algae. D. They can be digested by animals. 13. What is the function of the last paragraph but one? A. To further support the experiment’s result. B. To explain the experiment’s result in detail. C. To show the wide application of the plastic. D. To stress the necessity of using the new plastic in clothing. 14. What is Lisa Erdle’s attitude to the new plastic? A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Indifferent. D. Concerned. 15. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To call on people to reduce plastic use. B. To raise people’s awareness of plastic pollution. C. To introduce a new kind of environmentally-friendly plastic. D. To show the damaging impact of the plastic on the environment. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Any home may be at risk of flooding, even from a heavy rain, but some homes are much easier than others. ____16____ ? Actually not, but keep in mind that you may be able to make some changes outside that will help keep water from coming inside. Improve site drainage (排水). This can be very helpful, if you have a basement that tends to flood after a heavy rain. Building gutters (排水沟) to keep water flowing away from the house is also important. You may face a really complex problem. You can turn to the drainage specialists for help. ____17____ . Plant trees. ____18____ , but you could plant native trees around your property to help absorb excess water. Native plants, not a plant that doesn’t grow in the area naturally, are important. This is because their roots can go deeper and grab more groundwater. Native plants also tend to be better for the environment. ____19____ . You may want to design a new road surface that absorbs water more easily. If you’re considering replacing a sidewalk, it’s certainly worth considering setting up a material that may reduce your risk of flooding. These new road surface options. can also help filter (过滤) out pollutants that ultimately end up in the water supply. Clean gutters regularly. Everyone knows this, but it’s got to be said. Those gutters are there for a reason, to make rain away from your home. ____20____ . Otherwise, the gutters blocked with leaves become useless. A. Take a look at your sidewalk B. You must keep your gutters clean C. Choose proper water-absorbing material D. It may not sound like a flood-proofing strategy E. How can we make the flood prevention home improvements F. Do we need to make lots of flood prevention home improvements G. They can assess your yard, design a drainage plan, and set up various systems 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was interested in volunteering at a hospital because both of my parents work in hospitals. I wanted to see what the ____21____ was after hearing them talk about it. To be more ____22____, I wanted to work at the VA — Veterans (老兵) Affairs hospital — in Palo Alto because the ____23____ of VA is “to serve those who served” and I really ____24____ this very idea. To my greatest joy I was ____25____ the VA program, and throughout this summer break I’ve spent around 110 hours ____26____ at VA Palo Alto in different departments. To be honest, I had never at all felt more welcomed and ____27____ in every department I went to. After some initial experiences, I ____28____ to work in the Office of Information Technology (OIT) since I am interested in computers, and I wanted to see how they are used in a hospital setting. My overall experience of volunteering at VA can be ____29____ into the words of “eye-opening and ____30____.” Throughout my whole life I have been ____31____ to health care, from both my parents being physicians and my health problems, but I have never ____32____ been on the other side of the glass, so to speak. What I ____33____ most about my experience was the ____34____ to see what it’s like to help people. I want to continue volunteering at VA because I believe there is no other experience that can be as ____35____ as working in a hospital that treats Veterans. 21. A. opportunity B. decision C. experience D. adventure 22. A. specific B. private C. flexible D. cautious 23. A. concept B. mission C. profession D. advantage 24. A. contributed B. generated C. transformed D. shared 25. A. accepted into B. committed to C. concerned about D. withdrawn from 26. A. studying B. volunteering C. observing D. exercising 27. A. convinced B. determined C. valued D. amused 28. A. applied B. refused C. promised D. arranged 29. A. classified B. summarized C. divided D. combined 30. A. normal B. relevant C. reliable D. worthy 31. A. attached B. devoted C. exposed D. submitted 32. A. actually B. totally C. absolutely D. appropriately 33. A. respect B. treasure C. understand D. agree 34. A. ability B. responsibility C. approach D. courage 35. A. relaxing B. challenging C. fulfilling D. thrilling 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Hongkou District Sports Festival, aiming ___36___ (establish) Shanghai’s Ruihong Tiandi as an integrated sports and consumption centre, kicked off on July 5. ___37___ (span) 58 days through August 31, the event capitalized on its peak summer season to engage all age groups with 13 major competitions and 45 sporting disciplines. Structured around three main activity pillars — competitive sports events, community ___38___ (compete) and recreational sports activities — the festival featured national, city, and district-level sporting events. These included a national Go championship hosted by the Chinese Weiqi Association, a Shanghai amateur fencing open organized by the China Sport School Federation, ___39___ a youth jump rope competition ___40___ talented students demonstrated their athletic abilities. Since its launch, more than 200 experiential activities, followed by a tech-integrated sports zone ___41___ (add) in mid-August, ___42___ (develop) for the festival through its partnership with Decathlon. To boost commercial cooperation, organizers team up ___43___ 100 local restaurants and 39 sports venues, launching discount packages with parking privileges. A cutting-edge virtual carnival demonstrates ___44___ enhanced reality technology transforms athletic experiences, operating daily from 7:00 am until 2:00 am to serve diverse schedules. This extended framework of the Hongkou Hazhajin Sports Festival promotes sports-retail integration and stimulates district-wide economic vitality, with each goal ____45____ (respective) in place. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假如你是高三二班的班长李华，本周你校发起了“Greening our classroom”的倡议，号召每班教室内养一些绿植。请给你校外教Mr. Smith写一封信，交流一下。内容包括； 1. 你的观点； 2. 你的设想。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr. Smith, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One of my memorable breakthrough moments with a student actually happened quite recently. It was exam season in our school, and as we well know, for those students who are already anxious about math, high-pressure testing tends to further cause negative emotions associated with math, which can lead to a lack of interest, poor academic performance, and low confidence in the subject. For this particular student, Julia, her attitude to math class for as long as she could remember had always been negative. Julia had come in for a math-therapy (数学治疗) session with me two days before her math exam. I love these sessions because they allow us to go deep into the root causes of the problem and really tackle the emotional component of learning, and as my favorite brain-based learning expert Liesl McConchie says: A student’s emotional relationship with math is foundational to their cognitive (认知的) relationship with math. I started by asking Julia how she was feeling about her math exam, and she immediately said one powerful word: “Scared.” Then I asked an equally powerful question: “Why?” “Because I’m going to be too anxious to answer anything,” Julia replied. I found that when students are anxious about math, it seems totally obvious that they would be scared every time they encounter math. I used a strategy with her that I call “Then what?”, and our conversation went something like this. “Then what?” I continued asking. “Well ... I’ll have to take the course again in summer school!” Julia said after consideration. “Then what?” I repeated. “Well, nothing, I guess. It’ll just be annoying,” she said. “Then what?” I asked once again. “I don’t know. I guess I’ll eventually pass and not have to take math again,” she whispered. That’s it. By breaking down her fears, we went from panic to a more manageable kind of annoyance. This transformation allowed Julia to regain control over her nervous system, and “Then what?” was a technique she could use during the exam to keep calm. 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Finally, I encouraged Julia to rethink what the exam really means. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Three days later, I received a message from Julia about her exam. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $