Unit 3 A helping hand 单元语法精讲巧练 -七年级英语下册单元整体优化精准练（新教材沪教版五四制）

Unit 3 A helping hand 单元语法讲与练 单元语法精讲 并列复合句（and/but/so/or） （一）基本概念 并列复合句由两个或多个独立的简单句（分句） 组成，分句之间是平等的并列关系，通过并列连词and/but/so/or 连接，用来表达分句间顺承、转折、因果、选择等逻辑关系，每个分句都能独立表达完整含义。 核心结构： 分句 1 + ， + 并列连词 + 分句 2（+ 分句 3……） 例句：He called the ambulance, and he stayed with the patient. （二）核心并列连词用法 核心含义 逻辑关系 标点规则 典型例句 和、并且、然后 (and) 顺承 / 并列 / 递进 前后分句语义方向一致，可表动作先后、特征并列 连接两个分句时，连词前加逗号；连接短语不加 1. She opened the door, and she walked into the room.（动作先后） 2. Tom is tall, and he is strong.（特征并列） 但是、然而 (but) 转折 前后分句语义相反、形成对比 连词前必须加逗号 1. She was tired, but she kept helping the elderly. 2. The problem was difficult, but we worked it out. 所以、因此 (so) 因果 前句是原因，后句是结果（前因后果） 连词前必须加逗号 1. There was no bus, so we walked home. 2. Mrs Bell felt unwell, so Tom gave her heart pills. 或者、否则 (so) 选择 / 否定条件 ①二选一的选择关系； ②表 “否则”，指否定条件下的结果 连接两个分句时，连词前加逗号 1. Do you want coffee, or do you want tea?（选择） 2. Hurry up, or you will miss the bus.（否则） （三）核心易错点突破 1. so 与 because 不能连用二者均表因果关系，只能二选一，不可在同一句中同时出现。 ❌ 错误：Because he was ill, so he didn’t come to school. ✅ 正确：Because he was ill, he didn’t come to school./He was ill, so he didn’t come to school. 2. 连接分句不可遗漏逗号并列连词连接两个完整分句时，连词前必须加逗号；连接短语 / 单词时，不加逗号。 ❌ 错误：Hurry up or you’ll be late. ✅ 正确：Hurry up, or you’ll be late. ✅ 正确：I like apples and bananas.（连接单词，无逗号） 3. 两个分句不可仅用逗号连接两个独立的简单句，不能只靠逗号连接，必须补充并列连词，否则为语法错误。 ❌ 错误：She sings well, she dances well. ✅ 正确：She sings well, and she dances well. 4. 否定句中 and 变 or肯定句中用 and 连接并列成分，否定句中需将 and 改为 or，表 “也不”。 ✅ 正确：I can sing and dance.（肯定）✅ 正确：I can’t sing or dance.（否定） 5. 连词混用：根据逻辑选连词避免根据中文习惯混用，需严格结合分句间顺承、转折、因果、选择逻辑判断。 ❌ 错误：He is hungry, and he doesn’t want to eat .✅ 正确：He is hungry, but he doesn’t want to eat.（转折） （四）多分句并列规则 当句子中有三个及以上分句并列时，前几个分句之间用逗号分隔，最后两个分句之间用逗号 + 并列连词连接。例句：We went to the park, played games, and had a picnic. 【单元语法核心要点总结】 核心板块 细分要点 具体内容 基础认知 定义 由两个或两个以上独立分句（主句）通过并列连词连接而成的句子，分句间是平等关系，各自完整表达含义。 核心结构：分句 1+并列连词+分句 2（+分句 3...）📌 例句：He likes playing football, and his sister likes reading. 标点符号规则 1. 两个分句用并列连词连接时，分句之间必须加逗号（,） ✅ 正确：I like math, but my brother likes English. ❌ 错误：I like math but my brother likes English.. 2.三个及以上分句并列时，前几个用逗号分隔，最后两个用 “逗号+并列连词” 连接 例句：We went to the park, played games, and had a picnic. 核心连词 表 “并列/承接”（and） 用法：连接语义顺承、并列的分句（动作先后、因果隐含、特征并列） 例句：① She opened the door, and walked into the room.（动作先后） ② It was raining hard, and we stayed at home.（因果隐含）③ Tom is tall, and he is strong.（特征并列） 表 “选择”（or） 用法：连接选择关系的分句（二选一/否定条件 “否则”） 例句：① Do you want coffee, or do you want tea?（二选一）② Hurry up, or you will miss the bus.（否则，否定条件） 表 “转折”（but） 用法：连接语义相反、转折的分句 例句：① The film is long, but it is very interesting. ② He is young, but he knows a lot. 表 “因果”（so） 用法：连接结果关系的分句（前因后果，不能与 because 连用） 例句：① She studied hard, so she passed the exam easily. was getting dark, so we decided to go home. 语法巩固训练 Part 1 【基础训练】 一、单项选择 1．I’ve wanted to read The Little Prince for long, _______ today I finally borrowed the book from the library. A．or B．since C．and D．because 2．It’s going to rain ________ you’d better take a raincoat with you. A．but B．if C．when D．so 3．Peter’s mother likes apples, ________ she often buys them. A．so B．and C．or D．but 4．This book isn’t funny, ________ Bill likes reading it. A．and B．but C．so D．if 5．The girl in pink is new here, ________ few people know her well. A．so B．but C．because D．though 6．—He must see a doctor right now, ________ he will be in danger. —OK. Let us send him to the hospital. A．and B．but C．or D．however 7．He has failed many times, ________ he never loses heart. A．and B．but C．or D．so 8．Tina is good at swimming, _________ she can’t play football. A．so B．because C．but D．or 9．I have a basketball, ________ my brother doesn’t. A．but B．and C．so D．or 10．Playing mobile games is interesting, ________ we shouldn’t play for a long time. A．and B．or C．but D．so （二）完成句子（10 题） 1. 根据所给提示和句意，补全句子，每空一词（注意标点规则）。 I like playing basketball, ________ I like playing football too.（和） 2. He was ill, ________ he didn’t come to school yesterday.（所以） 3. Hurry up, ________ you will be late for the morning class.（否则） 4. She sings well, ________ she can’t dance at all.（但是） 5. I can’t sing ________ dance.（也不） 6. The problem was very difficult, ________ we worked it out together.（但是） 7. There is no water in the bottle, ________ we need to buy some.（所以） 8. Do you want tea, ________ do you want coffee?（或者） 9. We went to the supermarket, bought some food, ________ had dinner in a restaurant.（并且） 10. He studied very hard, ________ he passed the exam easily.（所以） （三）按要求改写句子 （5题） 1.He is tired. He doesn't want to go out. (用 so 连接) _____________________________________________________________________ 2.I like playing basketball. I like playing football. (用 and 连接) _____________________________________________________________________ 3.She studied hard. She failed the exam. (用 but 连接) _____________________________________________________________________ 4.It was late. We had to take a taxi. (用 so 连接) _____________________________________________________________________ 5.He is rich. He is not happy. (用 but 连接) _____________________________________________________________________ Part 2 【提升训练】 一、完成句子 1．they, room, the, window, their, so, the eighth, couldn’t, on, climb, out, of, was . 2．He promised to come to the party. He didn’t show up. (两句合并成一句) . 3．爱可以感动我们，改变我们，并给予我们充满幸福的生活。 move us, a life, love, can, change us, give us, and, full of, happiness . 4．one another/and/treat/with respect/polite/be/(.)                                        5．the case, and, called, reported, Tom, the emergency number （连词成句） . 6．want to, the song, I just, listen to, and here, it goes, tell it. (连词成句) . 7．take    Daniel    how    and    things    likes to    they    apart    learn    work (连词成句） . 8．History is my favourite subject. My sister doesn’t like it. (合并为一句话) . 9．different vitamins and minerals, seaweed, many, contains , your heart, and, is good for (连词成句） . 10．The table is made of wood and glass. (改为否定句) The table made of wood glass. . 11．are popular in,  films,  countries,  these,  studios,  are made by,  many,  and,  great  (连词成句) . 12．makes, renewable, us, and, It, warm, us, brings, energy (连词成句) . 13．gives up, my, but, smoke, now, he, smoking, used to, father . 14．Although we are old, we are healthy.  (同义改写) We are old, we are healthy. . 15．Danny always feels tired. He has decided to do more exercise. (合并为一句) Danny always feels tired, he has decided to do more exercise. . （二）句子翻译（10 题） 根据所给提示和汉语意思，将句子翻译成英语，要求语法正确、符合标点规则。 1. 他很累，所以他早早地上床睡觉了。（so） ____________________________________________________________________. 2. 我喜欢阅读，并且我经常去图书馆。（and） ____________________________________________________________________. 3. 她很年轻，但是她知道很多事情。（but） ____________________________________________________________________. 4. 快点，否则你会错过火车。（or） ____________________________________________________________________. 5. 今天没有课，所以我们可以去爬山。（so） ____________________________________________________________________. 6. 你想喝牛奶，还是想喝果汁？（or） ____________________________________________________________________. 7. 他努力学习，但是他还是考试不及格。（but） ____________________________________________________________________. 8. 天在下雨，所以我们不得不待在家里。（so） ____________________________________________________________________. 9. 我不会游泳，也不会滑冰。（or） ____________________________________________________________________. 10. 我们打扫了房间，并且洗了衣服。（and） ____________________________________________________________________. 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 A helping hand 单元语法讲与练 单元语法精讲 并列复合句（and/but/so/or） （一）基本概念 并列复合句由两个或多个独立的简单句（分句） 组成，分句之间是平等的并列关系，通过并列连词and/but/so/or 连接，用来表达分句间顺承、转折、因果、选择等逻辑关系，每个分句都能独立表达完整含义。 核心结构： 分句 1 + ， + 并列连词 + 分句 2（+ 分句 3……） 例句：He called the ambulance, and he stayed with the patient. （二）核心并列连词用法 核心含义 逻辑关系 标点规则 典型例句 和、并且、然后 (and) 顺承 / 并列 / 递进 前后分句语义方向一致，可表动作先后、特征并列 连接两个分句时，连词前加逗号；连接短语不加 1. She opened the door, and she walked into the room.（动作先后） 2. Tom is tall, and he is strong.（特征并列） 但是、然而 (but) 转折 前后分句语义相反、形成对比 连词前必须加逗号 1. She was tired, but she kept helping the elderly. 2. The problem was difficult, but we worked it out. 所以、因此 (so) 因果 前句是原因，后句是结果（前因后果） 连词前必须加逗号 1. There was no bus, so we walked home. 2. Mrs Bell felt unwell, so Tom gave her heart pills. 或者、否则 (so) 选择 / 否定条件 ①二选一的选择关系； ②表 “否则”，指否定条件下的结果 连接两个分句时，连词前加逗号 1. Do you want coffee, or do you want tea?（选择） 2. Hurry up, or you will miss the bus.（否则） （三）核心易错点突破 1. so 与 because 不能连用二者均表因果关系，只能二选一，不可在同一句中同时出现。 ❌ 错误：Because he was ill, so he didn’t come to school. ✅ 正确：Because he was ill, he didn’t come to school./He was ill, so he didn’t come to school. 2. 连接分句不可遗漏逗号并列连词连接两个完整分句时，连词前必须加逗号；连接短语 / 单词时，不加逗号。 ❌ 错误：Hurry up or you’ll be late. ✅ 正确：Hurry up, or you’ll be late. ✅ 正确：I like apples and bananas.（连接单词，无逗号） 3. 两个分句不可仅用逗号连接两个独立的简单句，不能只靠逗号连接，必须补充并列连词，否则为语法错误。 ❌ 错误：She sings well, she dances well. ✅ 正确：She sings well, and she dances well. 4. 否定句中 and 变 or肯定句中用 and 连接并列成分，否定句中需将 and 改为 or，表 “也不”。 ✅ 正确：I can sing and dance.（肯定）✅ 正确：I can’t sing or dance.（否定） 5. 连词混用：根据逻辑选连词避免根据中文习惯混用，需严格结合分句间顺承、转折、因果、选择逻辑判断。 ❌ 错误：He is hungry, and he doesn’t want to eat .✅ 正确：He is hungry, but he doesn’t want to eat.（转折） （四）多分句并列规则 当句子中有三个及以上分句并列时，前几个分句之间用逗号分隔，最后两个分句之间用逗号 + 并列连词连接。例句：We went to the park, played games, and had a picnic. 【单元语法核心要点总结】 核心板块 细分要点 具体内容 基础认知 定义 由两个或两个以上独立分句（主句）通过并列连词连接而成的句子，分句间是平等关系，各自完整表达含义。 核心结构：分句 1+并列连词+分句 2（+分句 3...）📌 例句：He likes playing football, and his sister likes reading. 标点符号规则 1. 两个分句用并列连词连接时，分句之间必须加逗号（,） ✅ 正确：I like math, but my brother likes English. ❌ 错误：I like math but my brother likes English.. 2.三个及以上分句并列时，前几个用逗号分隔，最后两个用 “逗号+并列连词” 连接 例句：We went to the park, played games, and had a picnic. 核心连词 表 “并列/承接”（and） 用法：连接语义顺承、并列的分句（动作先后、因果隐含、特征并列） 例句：① She opened the door, and walked into the room.（动作先后） ② It was raining hard, and we stayed at home.（因果隐含）③ Tom is tall, and he is strong.（特征并列） 表 “选择”（or） 用法：连接选择关系的分句（二选一/否定条件 “否则”） 例句：① Do you want coffee, or do you want tea?（二选一）② Hurry up, or you will miss the bus.（否则，否定条件） 表 “转折”（but） 用法：连接语义相反、转折的分句 例句：① The film is long, but it is very interesting. ② He is young, but he knows a lot. 表 “因果”（so） 用法：连接结果关系的分句（前因后果，不能与 because 连用） 例句：① She studied hard, so she passed the exam easily. was getting dark, so we decided to go home. 语法巩固训练 Part 1 【基础训练】 一、单项选择 1．I’ve wanted to read The Little Prince for long, _______ today I finally borrowed the book from the library. A．or B．since C．and D．because 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我一直想读《小王子》，今天终于从图书馆借到了这本书。 考查连词辨析。or否则；since自从；and和；because因为。一直想读《小王子》，今天借到了这本书，设空处前后句意出现递进，用and连接表递进关系的并列句。故选C。 2．It’s going to rain ________ you’d better take a raincoat with you. A．but B．if C．when D．so 【答案】D 【详解】句意：天要下雨了，所以你最好带件雨衣。 考查连词辨析。so所以；but但是；if如果；when当……时候。“It’s going to rain”和“take a raincoat with you”之间是因果关系。故选D。 3．Peter’s mother likes apples, ________ she often buys them. A．so B．and C．or D．but 【答案】A 【详解】句意：彼得的妈妈喜欢苹果，所以她经常买。 考查连词辨析。so所以；and和；or或者；but但是。分析句子，可知“Peter’s mother likes apples”是“she often buys them”的原因，即句子前后是因果关系，故空处应填so“所以”符合语境。故选A。 4．This book isn’t funny, ________ Bill likes reading it. A．and B．but C．so D．if 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这本书不有趣，但是比尔喜欢读它。 考查连词辨析。and和，表并列；but但是，表转折；so所以，表因果；if如果，表条件。根据“This book isn’t funny”以及“Bill likes reading it.”可知，前后句之间为转折关系，所以应该用but连接。故选B。 5．The girl in pink is new here, ________ few people know her well. A．so B．but C．because D．though 【答案】A 【详解】句意：穿粉红色衣服的女孩是新来的，所以很少有人了解她。 考查连词辨析。so所以；but但是；because因为；though尽管。根据“The girl in pink is new here”可知，因为穿粉红色衣服的女孩是新来的，所以很少有人认识她，应用so。故选A。 6．—He must see a doctor right now, ________ he will be in danger. —OK. Let us send him to the hospital. A．and B．but C．or D．however 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——他必须马上去看医生，否则他会有危险的。 ——好的。我们送他去医院吧。 考查连词辨析。and和；but但是；or或者、否则；however然而。or意为“否则”，作连词，指假设的否定条件下会发生的情况，强调事情的必要性，符合语境。故选C。 7．He has failed many times, ________ he never loses heart. A．and B．but C．or D．so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他失败了很多次，但他从未灰心。 考查连词辨析。and和；but但是；or或者；so因此。前后句之间是转折关系，需用转折连词but。故选B。 8．Tina is good at swimming, _________ she can’t play football. A．so B．because C．but D．or 【答案】C 【详解】句意：蒂娜擅长游泳，但她不会踢足球。 考查连词辨析。so所以，表示因果关系；because因为，引导原因状语从句；but但是，表转折；or或者，表选择。根据“Tina is good at swimming, ... she can’t play football.”可知，前后是转折关系，因此用but。故选C。 9．I have a basketball, ________ my brother doesn’t. A．but B．and C．so D．or 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我有一个篮球，但我的弟弟没有。 考查连词辨析。but但是；and和；so因此；or或者。“I have a basketball,”与“my brother doesn’t”是转折关系，故选A。 10．Playing mobile games is interesting, ________ we shouldn’t play for a long time. A．and B．or C．but D．so 【答案】C 【详解】句意：玩手机游戏很有趣，但是我们不应该玩太久。 考查连词辨析。and和；or或者；but但是；so所以。根据“Playing mobile games is interesting”和“we shouldn’t play for a long time”可知，前后在逻辑上形成转折关系，故选C。 （二）完成句子（10 题） 1. 根据所给提示和句意，补全句子，每空一词（注意标点规则）。 I like playing basketball, ________ I like playing football too.（和） 答案：and 详解：前后分句是并列顺承关系，表 “喜欢打篮球，也喜欢踢足球”，用 and 连接，且连词前加逗号。 2. He was ill, ________ he didn’t come to school yesterday.（所以） 答案：so 详解：前句是原因，后句是结果，表因果用 so，连词前加逗号。 3. Hurry up, ________ you will be late for the morning class.（否则） 答案：or 详解：此处表否定条件，“不快点就会迟到”，用 or 表 “否则”，连词前加逗号。 4. She sings well, ________ she can’t dance at all.（但是） 答案：but 详解：前后分句是转折关系，表 “唱歌好但不会跳舞”，用 but 连接，连词前加逗号。 5. I can’t sing ________ dance.（也不） 答案：or 详解：本句是否定句，连接并列的否定成分用 or，表 “既不会唱歌也不会跳舞”，无需加逗号（连接的是单词）。 6. The problem was very difficult, ________ we worked it out together.（但是） 答案：but 详解：“问题难” 和 “一起解决了” 是转折关系，用 but 连接，连词前加逗号。 7. There is no water in the bottle, ________ we need to buy some.（所以） 答案：so 详解：“瓶子里没水” 是原因，“需要买水” 是结果，用 so 连接，连词前加逗号。 8. Do you want tea, ________ do you want coffee?（或者） 答案：or 详解：前后是二选一的选择关系，用 or 连接，连词前加逗号。 9. We went to the supermarket, bought some food, ________ had dinner in a restaurant.（并且） 答案：and 详解：三个分句并列，最后两个分句用 “逗号 + and” 连接，表顺承动作。 10. He studied very hard, ________ he passed the exam easily.（所以） 答案：so 详解：“努力学习” 是原因，“轻松通过考试” 是结果，用 so 连接，连词前加逗号。 （三）按要求改写句子 （5题） 1.He is tired. He doesn't want to go out. (用 so 连接) _____________________________________________________________________ 2.I like playing basketball. I like playing football. (用 and 连接) _____________________________________________________________________ 3.She studied hard. She failed the exam. (用 but 连接) _____________________________________________________________________ 4.It was late. We had to take a taxi. (用 so 连接) _____________________________________________________________________ 5.He is rich. He is not happy. (用 but 连接) _____________________________________________________________________ 1.He is tired, so he doesn't want to go out. 2.I like playing basketball and playing football. 3.She studied hard, but she failed the exam. 4.It was late, so we had to take a taxi. 5.He is rich, but he is not happy. Part 2 【提升训练】 一、完成句子 1．they, room, the, window, their, so, the eighth, couldn’t, on, climb, out, of, was . 【答案】Their room was on the eighth floor, so they couldn’t climb out of the window 【详解】根据所给单词和标点符号可知，该句为含有so的并列复合句。Their“他们的”，形容词性物主代词，作定语，修饰后面的名词，句首首字母大写；room“房间”，名词，作第一个句子的主语；was“是”，谓语；on the eighth floor“在第八层”，作表语；so“因此”，连接因果；they“他们”，第二个句子的主语；couldn’t“不能”，情态动词，后加动词原形；climb out of“从……爬出来”，动词短语，放在情态动词后，一起构成谓语；the定冠词，放在名词前；window“窗户”，名词，作宾语。故填Their room was on the eighth floor, so they couldn’t climb out of the window“他们的房间在八楼，所以无法从窗户爬出去”。 2．He promised to come to the party. He didn’t show up. (两句合并成一句) . 【答案】He promised to come to the party, but he didn’t show up 【详解】句意：他答应来参加聚会。他没有露面。分析句子可知，两句是转折关系，合成一句，用but连接两个并列句。故填He promised to come to the party, but he didn’t show up。 3．爱可以感动我们，改变我们，并给予我们充满幸福的生活。 move us, a life, love, can, change us, give us, and, full of, happiness . 【答案】Love can move us, change us and give us a life full of happiness 【详解】根据所给单词和汉语意思可知，此句是陈述句。love作主语；can是情态动词，后跟动词原形；move us, change us and give us是并列结构；a life full of happiness作宾语。故填Love can move us, change us and give us a life full of happiness“爱可以感动我们，改变我们，并给予我们充满幸福的生活”。 4．one another/and/treat/with respect/polite/be/(.)                                        【答案】Be polite and treat one another with respect. 【详解】分析所给单词，be polite为系表结构；and是连词，连接两个并列的祈使句；one another作动词treat的宾语；with respect作方式状语，修饰动词treat。故答案为：Be polite and treat one another with respect.“要有礼貌，互相尊重”。 5．the case, and, called, reported, Tom, the emergency number （连词成句） . 【答案】Tom reported the case and called the emergency number 【详解】根据所给词可知，此句是and并列句。Tom作主语；reported作谓语，the case作宾语；called作并列句的谓语，the emergency number作宾语，故填Tom reported the case and called the emergency number“汤姆报案并拨打了紧急电话”。 6．want to, the song, I just, listen to, and here, it goes, tell it. (连词成句) . 【答案】I just want to listen to the song and here I tell it, it goes. 【详解】句子是并列句，前半部分主语是I，谓语是want to listen to，宾语是the song；后半部分是“here I tell it”引导的表述，“it goes”表示歌曲播放起来。故填I just want to listen to the song and here I tell it, it goes.“我只是想听这首歌，我这就说一下，它开始播放了”。 7．take    Daniel    how    and    things    likes to    they    apart    learn    work (连词成句） 【答案】Daniel likes to take things apart and learn how they work. 【详解】根据所给单词可知，本句为陈述句，描述 Daniel 的习惯。“Daniel”为人名，作主语，句首首字母大写；likes to“喜欢做……”，是谓语结构；take things apart“拆开东西”，与 and 后的 learn 并列作 like 的宾语；learn“学习”；how they work“它们如何工作”，作 learn 的宾语从句。故连成句子“Daniel likes to take things apart and learn how they work.”，意为“Daniel 喜欢拆开东西并了解它们的工作原理”。 8．History is my favourite subject. My sister doesn’t like it. (合并为一句话) 【答案】History is my favourite subject, but my sister doesn’t like it. 【详解】句意：历史是我最喜欢的科目。我妹妹不喜欢它。根据“History is my favourite subject.”和“My sister doesn’t like it.”可知，前后两个句子意思转折，合并为一句话时，用but“但是”连接，改写为含有but的并列复合句，即：历史是我最喜欢的科目，但是我妹妹不喜欢它。故填History is my favourite subject, but my sister doesn’t like it. 9．different vitamins and minerals, seaweed, many, contains , your heart, and, is good for (连词成句） . 【答案】Seaweed contains many different vitamins and minerals and is good for your heart 【详解】分析标点和所给单词可知，句子是肯定句。seaweed作主语；contains作谓语动词；many different是修饰词，用来修饰vitamins and minerals；and连接两个并列结构，后面跟的是is good for your heart，说明海藻的作用。故填Seaweed contains many different vitamins and minerals and is good for your heart“海藻含有许多不同的维生素和矿物质，对心脏有好处”。 10．The table is made of wood and glass. (改为否定句) The table made of wood glass. 【答案】 isn’t or 【详解】句意：这张桌子是由木头和玻璃制成的。此句为一般现在时，改为否定句需要在be动词后加not，is not缩写为isn’t；原句中的“and”应改为“or”，表示“或者”。故填isn’t；or。 11．are popular in,  films,  countries,  these,  studios,  are made by,  many,  and,  great  (连词成句) . 【答案】These films are made by great studios and are popular in many countries 【详解】根据所给标点符号所知，此句是含有and的并列句。These films “这些电影”，作主语；are made by “被……制作”，作谓语； great studios “优秀的工作室”；and“且”，起连接作用，表并列关系；are popular “受欢迎的”；in many countries“在许多国家”，作状语。故填These films are made by great studios and are popular in many countries “这些电影由优秀的工作室制作，在许多国家都很受欢迎”。 12．makes, renewable, us, and, It, warm, us, brings, energy (连词成句) . 【答案】It brings us renewable energy and makes us warm 【详解】根据所给的词和标点可知，句子为肯定句，且时态为一般现在时态。It“它”作主语，brings“带来”作谓语，us“我们”作宾语，renewable energy“可再生能源”作宾语。and用于连接两个并列的成分或句子。makes us warm表示“使我们暖和”。故填It brings us renewable energy and makes us warm“它给我们带来了可再生能源，使我们温暖”。 13．gives up, my, but, smoke, now, he, smoking, used to, father . 【答案】My father used to smoke, but now he gives up smoking 【详解】根据所给标点符号可知，本句是陈述句。my father作主语；used to do sth是固定短语；but是转折连词；now作状语，放but后；he作主语；gives up作谓语；smoking作宾语。故填My father used to smoke, but now he gives up smoking“我父亲过去吸烟，但现在他戒了”。 14．Although we are old, we are healthy.  (同义改写) We are old, we are healthy. 【答案】but 【详解】句意：虽然我们老了，但我们很健康。原句是although引导的让步状语从句，暗含转折含义，所以也可以用but连接两个句子，故填but。 15．Danny always feels tired. He has decided to do more exercise. (合并为一句) Danny always feels tired, he has decided to do more exercise. 【答案】so 【详解】句意：丹尼总是感到很累。他已决定多锻炼。此处用连词连接两个简单句，根据句意，可知两句之间的逻辑关系为因果关系，后一句表示结果，所以用so“因此，所以”。故填so。 （二）句子翻译（10 题） 根据所给提示和汉语意思，将句子翻译成英语，要求语法正确、符合标点规则。 1. 他很累，所以他早早地上床睡觉了。（so） ____________________________________________________________________. 答案：He was very tired, so he went to bed early. 详解：“很累” 是原因，“早睡” 是结果，用 so 连接，分句间加逗号；“上床睡觉” 用 go to bed，时态用一般过去时。 2. 我喜欢阅读，并且我经常去图书馆。（and） ____________________________________________________________________. 答案：I like reading, and I often go to the library. 详解：前后是顺承并列关系，用 and 连接，分句间加逗号；“喜欢阅读” 用 like reading，“经常去图书馆” 用一般现在时。 3. 她很年轻，但是她知道很多事情。（but） ____________________________________________________________________. 答案：She is very young, but she knows a lot of things. 详解：前后是转折关系，用 but 连接，分句间加逗号；“知道很多事情” 用 know a lot of things，主语是 she，谓语用第三人称单数。 4. 快点，否则你会错过火车。（or） ____________________________________________________________________. 答案：Hurry up, or you will miss the train. 详解：表否定条件 “否则”，用 or 连接，分句间加逗号；“错过火车” 用 miss the train，后半句用一般将来时。 5. 今天没有课，所以我们可以去爬山。（so） ____________________________________________________________________. 答案：There are no classes today, so we can go climbing. 详解：“没课” 是原因，“去爬山” 是结果，用 so 连接，分句间加逗号；“去爬山” 用 go climbing，“没有课” 用 there be 句型。 6. 你想喝牛奶，还是想喝果汁？（or） ____________________________________________________________________. 答案：Do you want to drink milk, or do you want to drink juice? 详解：二选一的选择关系，用 or 连接，分句间加逗号；“想做某事” 用 want to do sth.。 7. 他努力学习，但是他还是考试不及格。（but） ____________________________________________________________________. 答案：He studied hard, but he still failed the exam. 详解：前后是转折关系，用 but 连接，分句间加逗号；时态用一般过去时，“努力学习” 用 studied hard，“考试不及格” 用 failed the exam。 8. 天在下雨，所以我们不得不待在家里。（so） ____________________________________________________________________. 答案：It is raining, so we have to stay at home. 详解：“下雨” 是原因，“待在家里” 是结果，用 so 连接，分句间加逗号；“不得不” 用 have to，后接动词原形。 9. 我不会游泳，也不会滑冰。（or） ____________________________________________________________________. 答案：I can’t swim or skate. 详解：否定句中连接并列成分用 or，表 “也不”，无需加逗号（连接的是动词原形）。 10. 我们打扫了房间，并且洗了衣服。（and） ____________________________________________________________________. 答案：We cleaned the room, and we washed the clothes. 详解：动作先后的顺承关系，用 and 连接，分句间加逗号；时态用一般过去时，“打扫房间” 用 cleaned the room，“洗衣服” 用 washed the clothes。 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $