选择性必修第一册 UNIT 1 RELATIONSHIPS（教师用书word）-【步步高】2025年高考英语大一轮复习讲义（北师大版）

Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意 1．trait n．特性，品质 2．niece n．侄女，外甥女 3．nephew n．侄子，外甥 4．triangle n．三角形 5．hydrogen n．氢 6．acid n．酸 7．onion n．洋葱 8．feedback n．反馈意见 9．highlight vt.标出；突出显示 10．tense n．时态 11．social networking社交网络 12．laptop n．笔记本电脑，便携式电脑 13．app n．应用程序 14．wired adj.联网的；极其兴奋的 15．scroll vi.上下滚动 16．inch n．英寸 17．booze n．酒 18．hard­wired adj.硬件控制的；天生的 19．innovation n．革新，创新 20．clarity n．清楚，清晰 Ⅱ.重点单词——记形 1．outgoing adj.外向的，好交际的 2．flu n．流行性感冒，流感 3．incredible adj.难以置信的；极好的 4．extremely adv.极度，极其 5．angle n．角 6．rocket n．火箭 7．pour vt.灌，注，倒 8．fuel n．燃料 9．lack vt.缺乏 10．drag vt.拖，拉 11．worthwhile adj.值得做的；重要的；有益的 12．handle vt.处理(难题)；应付(局面) 13．upset vt.使生气，使心烦意乱 adj.烦恼的，心烦意乱的 14．raise vt.提出，提起 15．manner n．方式，方法 16．sensitive adj.敏感的；善解人意的 17．constantly adv.持续不断地 18．dorm n．寝室，学生宿舍 19．flow n．流动vi.流，流动 20．barely adv.几乎不 21．million n．百万 22．obsess vt.使迷恋 23．mate n．朋友，伙伴 24．dominate vi.& vt.主宰，支配，控制 25．deadline n．截止日期，最后期限 26．chase vi.& vt.努力赢得n.追逐，追赶 27．desperate adj.拼命的；绝望的 28．delay vi.& vt.推迟，延期 29．chatter vi.唠叨，喋喋不休 30．bend vi.& vt.弯腰；俯身 31．extraordinary adj.令人惊奇的，异乎寻常的 32．topic n．话题，题目 33．principle n．原则；行为准则 34．contrast n．差异，差别vt.形成对比 Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变 1．humour n．幽默感→humorous adj.幽默的 2．passionate adj.热爱的，酷爱的；具有强烈信念的→passionately adv.热情地；强烈地→passion n．热爱；热情 3.host vt.主办；做……的东道主n.主人；主持人→hostess n．女主人；女主持人 4．occasionally adv.偶尔；偶然→occasion n．场合→occasional adj.偶尔的；偶然的 5．emotional adj.激起感情的；情感上的；情绪上的→emotionally adv.感情上；情绪上→emotion n．情感；情绪 6．grateful adj.感激的，感谢的→gratitude n．感激→gratefully adv.感激地 7．practical adj.实际的；实践的；切实可行的→practice n．& v．练习→practically adv.实际地；切实可行地 8．presentation n．报告；陈述，说明→present v．授予；呈现 n．礼物 9．behaviour n．行为，举止→behave v．表现；表现得体 10．access n．进入；接触的机会→accessible adj.易接近的；可达到的；易取得的 11．educationalist n．教育(学)家→educate v．教育→education n．教育→educational adj.教育的；有教育意义的 12．preference n．偏爱，偏好→prefer v．更喜欢；宁愿 13．ashamed adj.羞愧的；内疚的；惭愧的→shame n．羞耻；羞愧感→shameful adj.可耻的；丢脸的 14．intention n．意图，目的；打算→intend v．意图；打算 15．demanding adj.要求严格的；费力的→demand v．要求 n．需求，要求 16．effective adj.有效的→effect n．影响；效果 17．socialise vi.交友；交际；交往→social adj.社会的；社交的→socially adv.在社会上；在社交上→society n．社会；协会；社团 18．associate vt.与某人交往；联系→associated adj.有联系的→association n．联系；协会；社团 19．reserved adj.含蓄的；内敛的→reserve vt.保留；保存；预定n.储备；保护区→reservation n．保留；预定 20．distracted adj.心神不定的，精神无法集中的→distract v．转移；分散；分心→distraction n．使人分心的事物 21．reality n．现实；真实→real adj.真实的；现实的→really adv.真正地；确实地→realise vt.实现；意识到 22．stimulation n．刺激→stimulate vt.刺激；激励；激发 23．intense adj.紧张的，激烈的；剧烈的→intensity n．强度；强烈 24．depressed adj.沮丧的，忧愁的→depress v．使抑郁；使萧条→depressing adj.令人忧愁的，使人沮丧的→depression n．抑郁症；消沉；萧条期 25．rude adj.无礼的→rudely adv.无礼地；粗鲁地→rudeness n．粗野，无礼；粗陋 26．complain vi.& vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚→complaint n．抱怨；不满 27．appointment n．约定；约会→appoint v．任命，委派；指定；约定→appointed adj.约定的；指定的 28．alcoholic n．酗酒者，嗜酒成瘾者 adj.(含)酒精的→alcohol n．酒精 29．invitation n．邀请→invite v．邀请 30．organise vt.组织，筹划→organiser n．组织者→organisation n．组织 31．competitor n．选手，参赛者→compete v．比赛；竞争→competition n．比赛；竞争→competitive adj.竞争的 32．fluency n．流畅，熟练→fluent adj.流畅的，熟练的→fluently adv.流利地；熟练地 33．progression n．变化，发展→progress n．进步；前进 v．进步；前进 34．engagement n．参与→engage v．(使)参与；吸引；雇用 35．sincerely adv.真诚地，由衷地→sincere adj.真诚的，由衷的→sincerity n．真挚，诚心诚意 36．belong vi.应在(某处)；适应→belonging n．归属；[复数]所有物，财产 37．approval n．赞许；同意→approve v．赞许；同意→disapprove v．不赞许；不同意→disapproval n．不同意 38．defend vi.& vt.保护，保卫→defence n．保护，保卫→defensive adj.防御(性)的；戒备的 39．politics n．政治，政治活动→political adj.政治的→politician n．政治家；政客 40．motivation n．动力，积极性→motivate v．激励；激发→motivated adj.有动机的；有积极性的→unmotivated adj.不积极的，不主动的 1．comedian/kə'miːdiən/n.喜剧演员；有趣的人 2．superiority/suːˌpIəri'ɒrəti/n.优越感；优秀；优越 3．verbal/'vɜːbəl/adj.口头的，非书面的 4．depict/dɪ'pɪkt/vt.描写，描述，描绘 5．bump/bʌmp/vi.& vt.猛碰，撞；拖拽 6．incongruity/ˌInkən'ɡruːəti/n.不和谐；不合适；不相称 7．removal/rɪ'muːvəl/n.除去；消除；清除 8．detachment/dɪ'tætʃmənt/n.超然，客观；分离，脱离→detached/dI'tætʃt/adj.冷静的，不动感情的，客观的 9．conversely/'kɒnvɜːsli/adv.相反地；另一方面 10．evoke/ɪ'vəʊk/vt.引起，唤起(某人强烈的感情或回忆) 11．exemplify/ɪɡ'zemplIfaɪ/vt.举例说明；是……的范例 12．steep/stiːp/adj.(价格、收费等)过高的；(增加或减小)大幅度的 Ⅳ.背核心短语 1．add up to合计达；结果是 2．for the first time初次，第一次 3．used to过去经常，曾经 4．pour into投入(倒)……于某物 5．a couple of一些，几个；一双，一对 6．make friends with和……交朋友 7．be eager to do渴望做某事 8．associate with与某人交往 9．in reality 实际上；事实上 10．obsess over对……过分担心 11．chatter away喋喋不休 12．go without没有……而勉强应付；没有……也行 13．on behalf of sb代表某人 14．take up占据 15．in contrast to和……对比 Ⅴ.悟经典句式 1．I had no idea what hydrogen was，and I didn’t really want to know，either！(what引导的同位语从句) 我不知道氢是什么，而且也不想知道！ 2．I found it all so boring and difficult.(find＋宾语＋宾语补足语) 我觉得这些东西既无聊又难以理解。 3．Sometimes I think，if only I could call him and ask for his opinion！(if only引导的虚拟条件句) 有时(我)甚至想，如果能打电话征求他的意见就好了！ 4．The first day he walked into my class，he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking bored...(the first day引导时间状语从句) 第一天走进我的班级时，他的书包在身后拖着，一副百无聊赖的样子…… 5．Then we could make sure that we would find the path to success，both at school and in later life，for all of them.(make sure后跟宾语从句) 这样才能确保我们为他们找到通向成功的道路，不管在学业上还是以后的生活中。 6．As soon as I open my eyes in the morning，I check through all my social networking apps，read my emails and answer text messages.(as soon as引导时间状语从句) 早上一睁开眼，我就会立刻查看所有社交网络应用程序，阅读电子邮件并回复短信。 7．...not once did she lift her head to enjoy the view outside her window.(否定副词位于句首引起部分倒装) ……她一次也没有抬起头欣赏窗外的景色。 默写练习(一) Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共10分) 1．niece n．侄女，外甥女 2．nephew n．侄子，外甥 3．triangle n．三角形 4．acid n．酸 5．onion n．洋葱 6．feedback n．反馈意见 7．highlight vt.标出；突出显示 8．tense n．时态 9．laptop n．笔记本电脑，便携式电脑 10．app n．应用程序 Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1分，共14分) 1．outgoing adj.外向的，好交际的 2．incredible adj.难以置信的；极好的 3．extremely adv.极度，极其 4．angle n．角 5．pour vt.灌，注，倒 6．lack vt.缺乏 7．drag vt.拖，拉 8．worthwhile adj.值得做的；重要的；有益的 9．handle vt.处理(难题)；应付(局面) 10．upset vt.使生气，使心烦意乱 adj.烦恼的，心烦意乱的 11．raise vt.提出，提起 12．manner n．方式，方法 13．sensitive adj.敏感的；善解人意的 14．flow n．流动vi.流，流动 Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共16分) 1．host vt.主办；做……的东道主n.主人；主持人→hostess n．女主人；女主持人 2．occasionally adv.偶尔；偶然→occasion n．场合→occasional adj.偶尔的；偶然的 3．emotional adj.激起感情的；情感上的；情绪上的→emotionally adv.感情上；情绪上→emotion n．情感；情绪 4．presentation n．报告；陈述，说明→present v．授予；呈现 n．礼物 5．educationalist n．教育(学)家→educate v．教育→education n．教育→educational adj.教育的；有教育意义的 6．preference n．偏爱，偏好→prefer v．更喜欢；宁愿 7．ashamed adj.羞愧的；内疚的；惭愧的→shame n．羞耻；羞愧感→shameful adj.可耻的；丢脸的 8．socialise vi.交友；交际；交往→social adj.社会的；社交的→socially adv.在社会上；在社交上→society n．社会；协会；社团 Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分) 1．comedian n．喜剧演员；有趣的人 2．depict vt.描写，描述，描绘 3．bump vi.& vt.猛碰，撞；拖拽 4．removal n．除去；消除；清除 5．steep adj.(价格、收费等)过高的；(增加或减小)大幅度的 Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分) 1．pour into投入(倒)……于某物 2．associate with与某人交往 3．make friends with 和……交朋友 4．add up to 合计达；结果是 5．go without 没有……而勉强应付；没有……也行 Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共20分) 1．One of her traits is that she has a sense of humour so she can explain much knowledge in a humorous way.(humour) 2．Having a passion for basketball，the passionate boy watches every NBA match passionately.(passion) 3．Only after we put the theory into practice did we find it was not practical.(practice) 4．I’m grateful to you and I’m writing to express my sincere gratitude for your timely help.(grateful) 5．Those guys often behave badly at school and are often warned to mind their behaviour.(behave) 6．The school library is not accessible to students so we have no access to it.(access) 7．I had intended to give up，but the teacher saw through my intention and prevented me.(intend) 8．This is a demanding job which demands attention and concentration.(demand) 9．We all thought it incredible that the boy who barely associated with others should apply to join the student association.(associate) 10．Not only did these effective measures have a great effect on ocean protection but also they affected individuals’ behavior.(effect) Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题2分，共10分) 1．Honestly speaking，I have only been here for a couple of weeks and I am not quite familiar with the place. 2．A large number of people poured into big department stores when they had sales. 3．He has a never­ending flow of messages and updates from all the people he associates with online. 4．I will never forget hearing this piece of music in the theatre for the first time. 5．Believe it or not，my uncle used to smoke but now he doesn’t smoke any longer. Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题5分，共15分) 1．当我第一次独自旅行时，我不知道该做什么准备。(what引导的同位语从句) The first time I took a trip alone，I had no idea what preparations I should make. 2．要是我仔细阅读了这张地图就好了！(if only引导的虚拟条件句) If only I had read the map carefully! 3．到达目的地的第一天，我感到不知所措。(the first day引导的时间状语从句) The first day I reached the destination，I felt at a loss. 默写练习(二) Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共5分) 1．wired adj.联网的；极其兴奋的 2．scroll vi.上下滚动 3．inch n．英寸 4．innovation n．革新，创新 5．clarity n．清楚，清晰 Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1分，共13分) 1．barely adv.几乎不 2．million n．百万 3．mate n．朋友，伙伴 4．dominate vi.& vt.主宰，支配，控制 5．deadline n．截止日期，最后期限 6．chase vi.& vt.努力赢得n.追逐，追赶 7．desperate adj.拼命的；绝望的 8．delay vi.& vt.推迟，延期 9．bend vi.& vt.弯腰；俯身 10．extraordinary adj.令人惊奇的，异乎寻常的 11．topic n．话题，题目 12．principle n．原则；行为准则 13．contrast n．差异，差别vt.形成对比 Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共22分) 1．reserved adj.含蓄的；内敛的→reserve vt.保留；保存；预定n.储备；保护区→reservation n．保留；预定 2．distracted adj.心神不定的，精神无法集中的→distract v．转移；分散；分心→distraction n．使人分心的事物 3．stimulation n．刺激→stimulate vt.刺激；激励；激发 4．rude adj.无礼的→rudely adv.无礼地；粗鲁地→rudeness n．粗野，无礼；粗陋 5．alcoholic n．酗酒者，嗜酒成瘾者 adj.(含)酒精的→alcohol n．酒精 6．progression n．变化，发展→progress n．进步；前进 v．进步；前进 7．engagement n．参与→engage v．(使)参与；吸引；雇用 8．belong vi.应在(某处)；适应→belonging n．归属；[复数]所有物，财产 9．defend vi.& vt.保护，保卫→defence n．保护，保卫→defensive adj.防御(性)的；戒备的 10．politics n．政治，政治活动→political adj.政治的→politician n．政治家；政客 11．motivation n．动力，积极性→motivate v．激励；激发→motivated adj.有动机的；有积极性的→unmotivated adj.不积极的，不主动的 Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分) 1．superiority n．优越感；优秀；优越 2．verbal adj.口头的，非书面的 3．evoke vt.引起，唤起(某人强烈的感情或回忆) 4．conversely adv.相反地；另一方面 5．exemplify vt.举例说明；是……的范例 Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分) 1．chatter away喋喋不休 2．on behalf of sb代表某人 3．be eager to do渴望做某事 4．in reality 实际上；事实上 5．take up占据 Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共20分) 1．Seek after your dream and try your best to realise it；sooner or later it will really become a reality.(real) 2．Mother’s depression seemed to have an influence on me.I felt depressed when she was talking about depressing affairs.(depress) 3．The old man complains loudly about everything while his wife always ignores his complaints.(complain) 4．Now that you have decided to keep the appointment，why not go at the appointed time？(appoint) 5．Many people appreciated being invited to the palace ball and accepted the invitation happily.(invite) 6．Not only can my sister speak Spanish fluently，but also she can speak French with great fluency.(fluent) 7．Her father disapproves of their marriage；that is，their marriage hasn’t met with her father’s approval.(approve) 8．All the competitors fiercely competed with each other in the competitive English speech competition yesterday.(compete) 9．The organiser of the international organisation is capable of organising the activity perfectly.(organise) 10．I sincerely hope that you can accept my sincere apology and that my sincerity can win your forgiveness.(sincere) Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题2分，共10分) 1．Whenever these girls get together，they will spend several hours chattering away all the time. 2．Taking up a new career in midlife is not so difficult as you have imagined. 3．In contrast to their brothers，the girls were both intelligent and charming. 4．This is the first time that his son has gone abroad，so he obsesses over his safety. 5．Please allow me to thank you for your offer of help on behalf of my colleagues. Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题5分，共15分) 1．老师一再强调实验室规则以确保实验能够顺利进行。(make sure后跟宾语从句) The teacher repeatedly stressed the laboratory regulations to make sure that the experiment could go smoothly. 2．但是学生们一开始实验，就意外频发。(as soon as引导时间状语从句) But as soon as the students started the experiment，accidents happened frequently. 3．他们以前从来没有做过实验。(否定副词位于句首引起部分倒装) Never had they done any experiments before. I have a niece who is sensitive，outgoing and is passionate about organising all kinds of activities and a nephew who has a sense of humour but lacks 1.confidence(confident)．When they came to my house for the first time a couple of weeks ago，they were extremely depressed because there was not a laptop in my house and barely did I socialise with others on social networking.2.It upset them that they had no access to Wi­Fi before 6：00 pm.In reality，their reserved mother was desperate 3.to send(send) them to my house so that they would not associate with their online mates.Besides，they used to waste a lot of time 4.chasing(chase) after stimulation online.They were so distracted that they forgot the deadline of their homework.Their parents 5.constantly(constant) complained about and obsessed 6.over their behaviour.However，I found my nephew had an extraordinary preference for science fiction in contrast to other children，so I handled the problem from a 7.practical(practice) and effective angle with the intention of fueling his interest.I promised that 8.if he could give a presentation about the book he had read，I would buy another science fiction book for him.After all，interest is the 9.best(good) motivation.My sister was sincerely grateful to me and she 10.thought(think) it incredible that her son could pour into reading for hours. 提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇 grateful adj.感激的，感谢的(gratitude n．感激) •be grateful to sb (for sth)(因某事)感激某人 be grateful to do sth因做某事而感激 I would be grateful if you could do...如果你能做……，我将感激不尽。 •with gratitude感激地 (1)These seemingly­rude homeless people looked at me with gratitude(grateful) and obviously，they were grateful to me for the food I had distributed to them.In reality，I was also grateful to do(do) my part to help the homeless.(2022·浙江6月，读后续写) (2)(应用文写作之求助信)如果您能花点时间看一下我的申请表并做些修改，我会很感激的。 I’d be quite grateful if you could spend some time going through my application form and making some changes. lack vt.缺乏；缺少；没有 n．缺乏；短缺(lacking adj.不足的；缺乏的) •(a) lack of缺少…… for/through lack of因缺少…… •be lacking in在……方面缺乏 (1)In contrast to my reserved and sensitive niece，my nephew is lacking(lack) in motivation. (2)(话题写作之健康生活)健康问题与不好的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼密切相关。由于缺乏这两者，许多人最终变得身体不健康。 Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and (a) lack of exercise.For/Through lack of both of them，many people end up being physically unhealthy. (3)尽管他们缺乏烹饪经验，双胞胎仍然满怀期待地为妈妈准备一顿特别的早餐。(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写) ①Although they lacked cooking experience，the twins still prepared a special breakfast for their mother with great expectations.(lack v．) ②Lacking cooking experience，the twins still prepared a special breakfast for their mother with great expectations.(现在分词作状语) access n．(使用或见到的)权利，机会；通道vt.进入；使用(accessible adj.可接近的；可使用的) •have/get/obtain/gain access to拥有/获得……的机会；可以接近/进入 give access to准许进入(接近) •be accessible to可接近的；可靠近的；可使用的 (1)With technology developing，we can have access to the information in a swift way. (2)在自习室，你可以使用免费Wi­Fi，这方便你做报告。(2022·浙江6月，应用文写作) In the self­study room，you can access/get access to/be accessible to free Wi­Fi，making it convenient for you to give a presentation. upset adj.心烦的；不安的；不适的 vt.(upset，upset，upsetting)使烦恼；打翻 •be upset by/about/at sth为某事心烦 be upset to do sth/that...对做某事感到不安 •What upsets sb is that...让某人心烦的是…… It upsets sb to do sth/that...做某事让某人心烦/让某人心烦的是…… (1)I was upset by/about/at my son’s rude behaviour in public and I must think of some effective ideas to handle his present situation. (2)The father was upset to know(know) that his son only used social networking rather than associated with his mates face to face. (3)既心烦又沮丧，我甚至想中途退出写作比赛，是我的老师激励我坚持我的目标，直到我成功。(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写) Upset and depressed，I even wanted to drop out of the writing contest halfway and it was my teacher who motivated me to stick to my goal until I succeeded. (4)I was upset that my partner came down with a serious illness and was admitted to hospital.(2022·浙江1月，读后续写) →What upset me was that my partner came down with a serious illness and was admitted to hospital.(用what主语从句改写) →It upset me that my partner came down with a serious illness and was admitted to hospital.(用it作形式主语改写) ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的(shame n．羞耻；羞愧shameful adj.可耻的；丢脸的) •be ashamed to do...耻于做……；因做……而羞愧 be/feel ashamed of...对……感到惭愧/羞耻 •It’s a shame that...……是令人遗憾的事。 (1)It is a shame that I made a couple of extremely silly mistakes in my class presentation. (2)我很惭愧地说我对她撒谎了。换句话说，我为自己的可耻行为感到羞愧，这对我来说是一种耻辱。 I’m ashamed to say that I lied to her.In other words，I am/feel ashamed of my shameful behaviour，which is a shame to me. (3)(读后续写之羞愧心理描写)我是如此羞愧，以至于我感觉心如刀绞，眼泪模糊了我的双眼。 ①I was so ashamed that I felt as if my heart had been pierced by a knife，tears clouding my eyes.(用so...that...句型) ②So ashamed was I that I felt as if my heart had been pierced by a knife，tears clouding my eyes.(用so...that...句型的倒装形式改写) demanding adj.要求严格的；费力的(demand vi.& vt.强烈要求；需要 n．要求；需求) •in demand需求大 meet/satisfy one’s demands for...满足某人对……的需求 •demand to do sth要求做某事 demand that...(should) do sth要求……做某事 (1)It is a fact that those who speak English with fluency are in great demand in modern times. (2)(读后续写片段描写)我要求在山间骑马。为了满足我的需求，我叔叔要求我和父亲顺着这条道走，以防迷路。 I demanded to take a horse ride in the mountains.To meet/satisfy my demands，my uncle demanded that my father and I (should) keep to the track in case we get lost. manner n．举止；方式；态度；(pl.)礼貌；礼仪；习俗 in a/an...manner以……的方式 It’s bad/good manners to do sth做……是没有/有礼貌的。 table manners餐桌礼仪 (1)It is bad manners(manner) to give feedback by chattering away constantly. (2)我最尊敬的物理老师总是教我们如何用一种既合乎逻辑又科学的方式解决难题。(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达) The physics teacher I respect most is always teaching us how to solve difficult problems in a logical and scientific manner. (3)(话题写作之中国礼仪)当你拜访一位中国朋友的时候，带个礼物是有礼貌的，比如一束花。吃饭时，你也应该注意你的餐桌礼仪。 It’s good manners to bring a gift，such as a bunch of flowers，when you visit a Chinese friend.At dinner，you should also pay attention to your table manners. associate vt.联想；联系(associated adj.有联系的association n．协会；关联；交往) •associate...with...把……和……联系在一起 associate with sb与某人交往 •be associated with...与……有关 •in association with...与……合作；与……有关联 (1)In modern times millions of parents obsess over Internet addiction associated(associate) with social networking.They associate their children’s lack of motivation with too much exposure to the Internet. (2)在与外教合作下，位于我们图书馆一楼的英语口语社已经成立了。外教把流利的英语和更积极的练习联系在一起。因此，现在加入我们社团吧，在这里你不仅可以提高英语口语而且可以学会如何与他人交往。(2022·天津6月，书面表达) The Spoken English Club situated on the ground floor in our library has been set up in association with our foreign teachers，who associate fluent English with more active practice.So join our club right now，where not only can you improve your spoken English but you can also learn how to associate with others. belong vt.属于；是……的成员；是……的组成部分[belonging n．归属感；(pl.)所有物；财产] •belong to属于 •a sense of belonging归属感 (1)(应用文写作之感谢信)It is because of my generous and kind­hearted classmates’ approval that I feel a sense of belonging(belong)． (2)The old woman complained that her rude neighbour took away the umbrella that belonged to her. ＝The old woman complained that her rude neighbour took away the umbrella belonging(belong) to her. (3)(读后续写之情感描写)Frank was desperate that he lost all his belongings(belong) in the fire and he buried his face in his hands，tears running down his cheeks. 用法点拨　belong to没有被动语态和进行时态，用作非谓语时要使用doing形式。 approval n．赞成；同意(approve v．同意；批准；通过approving adj.赞许的；许可的 disapprove v．不赞成，反对) •approve of赞成，同意 •give one’s approval to sth某人批准某事 (1)Learning that my mother disapproved(approve) of my choice，I was so upset that I couldn’t contain my emotions. (2)我的老师对我关于如何润色我的原创文章的想法表示赞同，他拍了拍我的肩膀，给了我一个赞许的微笑。(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写) My teacher approved of/gave his approval to my idea on how to polish my original article and he patted me on the shoulder，casting an approving smile at me. for the first time初次，第一次 用time的相关短语填空 (1)Being a secondary high school student，I must attend school on time.Once I have made a plan，I must take action in no time.Perhaps at times I will come across difficulties，but at no time should I give up. (2)(读后续写之情感描写)I would put on a performance at 8 am in the city theatre for the first time and I had butterflies in my stomach. (3)The alcoholic got up early in time for his appointment with a doctor，who would give him practical advice on how to get rid of alcohol. (4)At one time，I was passionate about chasing stimulation by playing video games and I was so obsessed that I failed the exam at a time.So I don’t play them anymore now. find＋宾语＋宾语补足语　I found it all so boring and difficult.我觉得这些东西既无聊又难以理解。 •find＋宾语＋ •find＋it＋adj./n.＋to do(it作形式宾语，to do是真正的宾语) (1)As I approached the milking house，I found a bird caught(catch) in spiderwebs and it seemed to be desperately waiting for my help.(2023·浙江1月，读后续写) (2)我觉得中文工坊既重要又有意义，因为它为学生提供了一个了解中国文化和欣赏中国文化之美的机会。(2023·天津6月，书面表达) I find the Chinese Workshop significant and meaningful because it provides an opportunity for students to learn about Chinese culture and appreciate its beauty. (3)这位爸爸发现他的孩子们正在准备母亲节早餐，所以他踮着脚进入厨房。(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写) The father found his children preparing a Mother’s Day breakfast，so he tiptoed into the kitchen. (4)(应用文写作之求助信)我发现适应新的学校生活很难，因此我真诚地寻求您慷慨的帮助。 I find it difficult to adapt to the new school life，so I sincerely ask for your generous assistance. 用法点拨　该结构中宾语是oneself时，常表示主语“不知不觉发现自己……”。 否定副词位于句首引起部分倒装　...not once did she lift her head to enjoy the view outside her window.……她一次也没有抬起头欣赏窗外的景色。 否定副词或者短语位于句首常常引起句子的部分倒装，常见的否定副词或短语有：not，never，neither，seldom，little，hardly，at no time，in no way，by no means，on no account，in no case，under no circumstances，no sooner...等。 (1)(读后续写之愤怒描写)我从来没有这么生气过，所以他一放开我，我就像箭一样冲出门。我对自己发誓：“我决不再回来了。” Never had I been so annoyed，so no sooner had he let go of me than I rushed out of the door like an arrow.I swore to myself，“By no means will I return.” (2)老师鼓励我的话仍在我耳边回响：“无论生活中出现什么困难，你决不应该放弃。” ①My teacher’s encouraging words still echoed in my ears，“You should in no case give up whatever difficulties arise in your life.” (in no case) ②My teacher’s encouraging words still echoed in my ears，“In no case should you give up whatever difficulties arise in your life.” (改为倒装句) 提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇 Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍 1．raise (1)Seeing a ray of hope，Ms Burdeyney began raising money for the project with a friend，Toronto businessman Meyer Zeifman.(2022·浙江1月) D (2)New experiences often mean taking some risks，so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well. A (3)Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on what could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.(2020·浙江7月) C (4)I wonder how he actually dared to raise that ridiculous question. B 2．take up (1)Peter will take up his post as the receiver of the travel agency at the end of next month. C (2)This chapter takes up where the last one left off. D (3)But all of that growth will take up a lot of space，and though more and more people accept the concept of solar energy，few like large solar panels to be installed near them.(2023·浙江1月) E (4)Are you going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing？ B (5)He took up the umbrella from the ground and left. A 3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思 (1)Higher salaries helped to fuel inflation.刺激 (2)The two countries began to discuss their tense relations.紧张的 (3)I wasn’t sure if I could handle such a powerful car.控制，操纵 (4)He is an overbearing man and always tries to force everyone to bend to his will.屈从 (5)In a 2014 study，Elizabeth Dunn，associate professor of psychology at UBC，invited people on their way into a coffee shop.副的 (6)Fresh food is so scarce that prices have rocketed.飞速上涨 Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识 1．The passionate(passion) speech caused us to reflect on what we had done to the globe. 2．My father likes historical books，but occasionally(occasional) he will show an interest in comic fiction. 3．I was grateful for his timely help and expressed my gratitude to him in person. 4．A lack of evidence made it difficult for him to prove his innocence. 5.Moreover，people in remote areas have no easy access to 5G systems with the advanced technology. 6．Though we are a little upset about/by/at the unpleasant feedback，it can help us handle problems more effectively. 7．I didn’t work out the maths problem on the blackboard，and I felt ashamed of it. 8．We couldn’t finish the demanding(demand) task on time，which was totally beyond our reach. 9．It is bad manners(manner) to argue with your teachers or parents in public. 10．My sister’s recommendation was that I should apply to join the student association(associate)． 11.Normally，we will defend all the things belonging(belong) to us from being taken away. 12．So far we have organised a number of activities with the intention(intend) of promoting the friendship between the two companies. 13．If only I hadn’t ignored(not ignore) the advice that my partner offered to me! 14.As a result，he complained to me of/about his child’s terrible behavior at table. 15．Learning that you didn’t gain your parents’ approval(approve)，I am writing to recommend you to do the following things. 假设你是新华中学的学生李华，你班从外地转来一名新同学李明，他一时无法融入新的班集体中，感到很苦恼。请用英语写一封信，表达你对李明的关心，并提出你的建议。内容提要： 1.表示关心； 2.提出建议； 3.表达期望。 完成句子 1．听说你在新的学校生活中没有归属感，我很难过，并且我很担心你。(belong) 2．如果你学会说普通话，并与同学交换意见，你会发现结识新朋友很容易。(find＋宾语＋宾语补足语) 3．如果你更喜欢打篮球，我会定期邀请你一起参加和其他学校合作的篮球比赛。(in association with) 4．从现在起，无论你什么时候遇到困难，你都不应该放弃，同时，你应该毫不犹豫地向我求助。(on no account置于句首引起的倒装句) 5．只有接受以上建议，你的尴尬局面才能得到改善。(only if引导的倒装句) 组句成篇 把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。 参考范文 Dear Li Ming， I am terribly sorry to hear that you don’t have a sense of belonging in the new school life and I am quite anxious for you. First and foremost，you will find it easy to make new friends if you learn to speak Putonghua and compare notes with your classmates.Additionally，if you prefer playing basketball，I will regularly invite you to participate in basketball matches in association with other schools.Of course，whenever you come across difficulties from now on，on no account should you give up and meanwhile，you should turn to me for help without hesitation. From my point of view，only if you take the above suggestions can you have your awkward situation improved. Looking forward to your living a comfortable life here as soon as possible. Yours sincerely， Li Hua 教材语料整合 亮词 [动作描写]　host；pour；drag；access；handle；raise；highlight；flow；associate；obsess；dominate；chase；chatter；bend；complain；organise；defend [人物描写]　humour；passionate；behaviour；outgoing；sensitive；reserved；distracted；extraordinary；rude；alcoholic；manner；unmotivated；educationalist；competitor [情感描写]　ashamed；demanding；grateful；depressed；desperate；upset；sincerely 美句 1.I remember that he let me pour some fuel into the rocket，and then another student lit a match to set it off.(动作描写) 2.The first day he walked into my class，he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking bored，but as soon as I set up an experiment to show how the human stomach works using acid and an onion，he gave me his full attention.(动作描写) 3.When it was charged，she just spent hours reading about her favourite popstar；not once did she lift her head to enjoy the view outside her window.(动作描写) 拓展语料积累　情感细节描写：感激与感动 单词 appreciate vt.感激→appreciation n．感激 thankful adj.感激的→thankfully adv.感激地→thanks n．感激；感谢 move/touch vt.使感动→moving/touching adj.令人感动的→moved/touched adj.感动的 词块 shed tears of gratitude 留下感激的泪水　be moved/touched to tears 感动得落泪　have deep gratitude towards...对……深怀感激　with gratitude/appreciation 感激地　owe sb a lot/a great deal 非常感激某人 be deeply moved/touched by...被……深深感动 句型 A wave of warmth welled up/rose in her heart.(无灵主语句)一股暖流涌上她的心头。 With tears streaming down her face/With tears dropping from her eyes，she thanked him again and again with a lump in her throat.(with复合结构) 她泪流满面/热泪夺眶而出，哽咽着一遍又一遍地感谢他。 Deeply moved/touched/affected by what he had done，I felt tears rolling down without control.(过去分词短语作状语)他的所作所为深深打动了我，我的眼泪无法控制地滚落下来。 A feeling of warmth sweeping over Peter on the cold day，he began to believe there was kindness in every corner.(独立主格)寒冷的天气里，一种温暖的感觉席卷了彼得，他开始相信人间处处有善意。 语料运用　主题：人际交往 Depressed and upset，I bent my head and dragged my feet in the new school.①Unable to handle new challenges(形容词短语作状语)，I was floating in an ocean of sadness.It was at that time that ②my outgoing，sensitive and passionate monitor caught up with me.Possessing a sense of humour，he told me funny stories to raise my spirit.③Deeply moved/touched/affected by what he had done(过去分词短语作状语)，I felt tears pouring down without control.I thanked him again and again ④with a lump in my throat(with复合结构)．⑤A feeling of warmth sweeping over me(独立主格)，I began to believe there was kindness in every corner.We became good friends，comforting and encouraging each other. 我感到沮丧和不安，低着头，拖着我的脚走在新学校里。无法应对新的挑战，我漂浮在悲伤的海洋中。就在那个时候，我外向、体贴、热情的班长追上了我。他很有幽默感，给我讲有趣的故事以振奋我的精神。他的所作所为深深打动了我，我的眼泪无法控制地流了下来。我哽咽着一次又一次地感谢他。一种温暖的感觉席卷了我，我开始相信人间处处有善意。我们成了好朋友，互相安慰，互相鼓励。 高考题型组合练1 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A(★) We are all born social and company to live happy and fruitful life.Healthy and supportive mutual relationships help reduce stress and promote the physical，mental and emotional well-being by building skills like time management，assertiveness(坚定自信)，sociability and empathy. Making friends has made me feel secure.However，I have to be cautious to pick up friends sharing similar tastes and values.In addition，having added to one’s circle of friends helps one feel supported. It is true that finding time to cultivate relationships is all about effective time management.My busy uncle finds time to catch up with family and friends during his tea and lunch breaks.Similarly my friend Somya uses her time on her way back home from work in her chauffeur-driven car to catch up with people.The modern inventions of SMS and e-mail help send wishes for birthdays and anniversaries to show your love and care. Assertiveness is as much applicable to relationships.My friend Mohana emphasizes that neither being a passive observer nor being aggressive helps relationships.It is assertiveness in our relationships that opens the lines of effective communication.It emphasizes helping friends in need and also strengthens mutually supportive relationships. It is also true that assertiveness by intuition promotes discretion(自行决定权) of friends and helps Lalitha distinguish positive people from drains of energy.She can easily figure this out by the flow of the conversation，the way each feels understood，accepted and supported，and by how I feel，happy，bored or energized in the relationship.It also helps to know whether all benefit from each other’s positive aspects. Handling stress in life is all about cultivating mutually supportive relationships and working on them.Manisha always says she feels great when sharing her feelings after a hard day with people who share similar ideas.Actually we all need someone who would not just hear us，but listen to us，and we need to cultivate the art of listening and understanding people. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。如何构建相互支持的人际关系？本文就此提供了一些技巧：时间管理、坚定自信、善于交际和共情。 1．How can a busy person develop their social relationships? A．By inviting friends for dinner. B．By making friends with strangers. C．By working hard for high positions. D．By getting together in the intervals of business. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“My busy uncle finds time...during his tea and lunch breaks.Similarly my friend Somya uses her time on her way back home from work in her chauffeur-driven car...”可知，忙碌的人通过利用间歇时间和朋友团聚，以此来维护社会关系。故选D。 2．Which of the following helps build mutually supportive social relationships? A．Being passive. B．Being assertive. C．Being aggressive. D．Being relaxed. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Healthy and supportive mutual relationships help...by building skills like...assertiveness(坚定自信)．..”和第四段中“It is assertiveness in our relationships...strengthens mutually supportive relationships.”可知，自信有助于培养相互支持的人际关系。故选B。 3．From the passage，who can positively get supportive social relationship? A．Manisha. B．Mohana. C．Lalitha. D．Somya. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Handling stress in life is all about cultivating mutually supportive relationships and working on them.Manisha always says she feels great when sharing her feelings after a hard day with people who share similar ideas.”可知，Manisha通过与他人分享自己的心情来消除压力，以此能积极地获得支持性的社会关系。故选A。 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．How Should We Handle Our Stress in Life? B．What Is to Be Done for Applicable Relationships? C．How Can We Pick up Friends Supporting Us? D．How People Build Mutually Supportive Social Relationships? 答案　D 解析　标题归纳题。根据第一段中“Healthy and supportive mutual relationships help reduce stress and promote the physical，mental and emotional well-being by building skills like time management，assertiveness(坚定自信)，sociability and empathy.”可知，本文主要讲述了构建相互支持的社会关系的一些技巧，包括时间管理、坚定自信、善于交际和共情。故选D。 B(★) There are some basic ways that we encounter potential new friends，the first of which is closeness.When we cross paths regularly，live in the same neighborhood，or share a workstation in the office with someone，it makes sense that acquaintanceship may deepen into friendship as a result of the consistent exposure that occurs through the use of shared space.While there is an old saying，familiarity generates disrespect，the opposite is also true，we tend to like someone more as we spend increasing amounts of time with them. Shared life stage is the second way that we frequently find new friends.We take satisfaction and pleasure when spending time with people who are experiencing the same challenges or rewards that we are experiencing.When we move from high school to college or college to our first job，we tend to seek out the company of others who are experiencing the same transformation we are. Shared interests are also a reliable path to friendship making.When we get into a new fitness program or start making our own beer，we are going to be bumping into new people who share these interests whether it’s through chatting in the juice bar or trying to decide what to buy at the craft beer making supply shop. We know that there are three paths that lead to new friendship pools where we are likely to build our social networks，but do we ever know right from the start that we’ve met a friend？Science suggests it is absolutely possible.While we may all have felt the same excitement of instant connection with someone，the “someone” who generates that feeling of warmth in us is going to tell us a lot about who we are as individuals and what we think we need in a friend or partner. While we may run across potential friends through some ways，there remains a bit of mystery as to why we “click” with some potential friends and not with others. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了建立友谊的三种方式，包括共处空间的亲密，共度人生阶段以及共同的兴趣爱好。 5．What’s the common understanding of closeness? A．It leads to more shared space. B．It creates a mental distance. C．It helps establish relationships. D．It makes people more attractive. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“While there is an old saying，familiarity generates disrespect，the opposite is also true...”可知，人们对亲密度的普遍理解是它制造了一种心理距离。故选B。 6．Who are you more likely to be friends with as a fresh staff in a company? A．Someone who lives in your community. B．Someone who has richer work experience. C．Someone who gets the job together with you. D．Someone who has a wider range of interests. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“When we move from high school to college or college to our first job，we tend to seek out the company of others who are experiencing the same transformation we are.”可知，作为公司的新员工，你更有可能与和你一起获得工作的人成为朋友。故选C。 7．What can we learn from the fourth paragraph? A．A friend is easier lost than found. B．True friendship is never peaceful. C．Friendship is always the aid of virtue. D．Friends hold a mirror up to each other. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中“While we may all have felt the same excitement of instant connection with someone，...is going to tell us a lot about who we are as individuals and what we think we need in a friend or partner.”可推知，朋友之间像是一面镜子。故选D。 8．What can be concluded from the article? A．We are unclear why we have a preference for someone. B．It’s easy for people to be friends right from the first meeting. C．Friendships can’t develop between those with diverse tastes. D．People tend to possess the same interests after becoming friends. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段“While we may run across potential friends through some ways，there remains a bit of mystery as to why we ‘click’ with some potential friends and not with others.”可推知，我们不清楚自己为什么会偏爱某个人。故选A。 C A Purdue University invention could save millions of taxpayer dollars and significantly reduce traffic delays.The new invention，a sensor that allows concrete to “talk”，decreases construction time and how often concrete pavement (路面) needs repairs while also improving the road’s sustainability and cutting its carbon footprint.Fixed directly into a concrete pour，the sensor sends engineers more precise and consistent data about the concrete’s strength and need for repairs than is possible with currently used tools and methods. “Traffic jams caused by repairs have wasted 4 billion hours and 3 billion gallons of gas，on a yearly basis.This is mainly due to insufficient knowledge and understanding of concrete’s strength levels，” said Luna Lu，who has been leading development of the sensor since 2017.“For instance，we don’t know when concrete will reach the right strength needed to accommodate traffic loads just after construction.The concrete may be put into use too early，leading to frequent repairing，” she added. With the technology Lu and her team invented，engineers can directly monitor the fresh concrete and accurately measure many of its properties at once.The sensor notifies engineers via a smartphone app exactly when the pavement is strong enough to handle heavy traffic.The stronger the pavement is before being used by vehicles，the less often it will need to be repaired.By decreasing road repairs and construction timelines，this technology could reduce carbon dioxide that vehicles would have given off while waiting in traffic to get around a construction site. Methods that the industry has used for more than a century call for testing large samples of concrete at a lab or onsite facility.Even though these tests are well understood by the industry，differences between lab and outdoor conditions can lead to inaccurate estimates of the concrete’s strength due to the different concrete compositions and temperatures of the surrounding area. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了普渡大学的一项发明，该发明可以节省数百万纳税人的钱，并大大减少交通延误。这项新发明是一种传感器，它可以让混凝土“说话”，减少施工时间和混凝土路面需要维修的频率，同时提高道路的可持续性，减少碳足迹。 9．What can be learned about the new invention? A．It decreases accidents. B．It is costly to produce. C．It reduces road repairs. D．It is difficult to operate. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The new invention，a sensor that allows concrete to ‘talk’，decreases construction time and how often concrete pavement (路面) needs repairs while also improving the road’s sustainability and cutting its carbon footprint.”可知，这项新发明减少了道路维修。故选C。 10．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．Waste caused by road repairs. B．Characteristics of the concrete. C．Situations of road constructions. D．Necessity of inventing the sensor. 答案　D 解析　段落大意题。根据第二段中的“‘Traffic jams caused by repairs have wasted 4 billion hours and 3 billion gallons of gas，on a yearly basis.This is mainly due to insufficient knowledge and understanding of concrete’s strength levels，’ said Luna Lu，who has been leading development of the sensor since 2017.”并结合第三段首句“With the technology...engineers can...at once.”可知，第二段主要论述了发明传感器的必要性。故选D。 11．What does the underlined word “notifies” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Signals. B．Awakes. C．Monitor. D．Examines. 答案　A 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“...via a smartphone app exactly when the pavement is strong enough to handle heavy traffic.”可知，此处指传感器通过一款智能手机应用程序告知工程师相关信息。由此可知，画线词notifies与signals意思接近。故选A。 12．What is the problem with the previous tests? A．Samples must be tested on the spot. B．The results turn out to be unreliable. C．Fewer properties have been measured. D．Concrete is tested in certain temperature. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Even though these tests are well understood by the industry，differences between lab and outdoor conditions can lead to inaccurate estimates of the concrete’s strength due to the different concrete compositions and temperatures of the surrounding area.”可推知，以前试验的问题是结果不可靠。故选B。 Ⅱ.七选五 Have you always dreamed of having a garden，but thought you didn’t have enough space？__1__ With a little planning and creativity，you can still make a beautiful garden from the small outdoor space.Here are a few tips that you can follow. Plan your layout(布局) carefully.__2__ Consider the overall arrangement of the space and create different zones for different purposes.By dividing the space into smaller sections，you can put in them different plants you want to grow.You may want to make an outline or use a design tool to visualize your ideas.Or it’s a good choice to search online for digital garden planners to help you design the layout. __3__ If you have limited space，it’s important to select plants that will grow well in your garden.Look for plants that are suited to the climate，soil type，and growing conditions.Or choose dense or small sizes of plants to maximize your space.For professional advice，you’d better talk to an employee at a gardening center，who knows better. Make use of vertical (垂直的) space.One of the best ways to make the most of your small garden is to use vertical gardening techniques.Vertical gardening is an excellent way to add more greenery to your small garden without taking up too much space.__4__ You can also use hanging baskets to add more greenery to your space. Include the eatable into your garden.Growing your own food is not only satisfying，but it can also save you money on groceries.Even if you only have a small garden，you can still consider growing a variety of fruits，vegetables，or herbs，which can be grown in containers or planting beds.__5__ With these tips in mind，you can create a beautiful and productive garden in even the smallest of spaces.Happy gardening! A．It’s time to think again. B．Follow design principles. C．Choose appropriate plants. D．First of all，owning a garden matters. E．You can grow plants on walls or ladders. F．Before planting，think about how to use your garden. G．They can provide fresh and delicious produce throughout the season. 1．答案　A 解析　根据空前的“Have you always dreamed of having a garden，but thought you didn’t have enough space？”及空后的“With a little planning and creativity，you can still make a beautiful garden from the small outdoor space.Here are a few tips that you can follow.”可知要建花园还是有办法的，因此空格处应该承上启下，引出下文建议。A选项能引出下文建议，符合语境，故选A。 2．答案　F 解析　根据本段的主题句“Plan your layout (布局) carefully.”可知本段在讲花园的布局，再结合空后的“Consider the overall arrangement of the space and create different zones for different purposes.”要想好用花园来干什么及常识可知，这都是在建花园之前要考虑的，F选项能承上启下，符合语境，故选F。 3．答案　C 解析　空格处是本段主旨句，由空后的“If you have limited space，it’s important to select plants that will grow well...your space.”可知，本段主要讲的是要选择合适的植物，C选项能概括本段主旨。故选C。 4．答案　E 解析　根据空后的“You can also use hanging baskets to add more greenery to your space.”可知，此处列举垂直园艺的具体方法，由also可知，空格处是另一个方法，E选项说的是垂直园艺的一种方法，而且句式和空后的一致，都是以You can开头，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选E。 5．答案　G 解析　根据空前的“Even if you only have a small garden，you can still consider growing a variety of fruits，vegetables，or herbs，which can be grown in containers or planting beds.”可知，空格处应该讲种这些植物的好处，G选项说明了种蔬菜、水果的好处，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。 高考题型组合练2 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A(★) Paul O’Sullivan walked around his apartment in the US city of Baltimore one evening in 2014，feeling bored.Just for fun，he decided to try to find out how many other people on Facebook shared his name.Moments later，dozens of Paul O’Sullivans filled his screen and he sent friend requests to them all. As Baltimore Paul looked through the profiles of the Paul O’Sullivans who accepted his invitation，he noticed something four of them had in common：They were all musicians.Baltimore Paul had an idea.He asked the other three musical Pauls if they’d like to form a band called The Paul O’Sullivans.They all agreed. Starting a band across multiple time zones proved to be nettlesome.Fortunately，Manchester Paul，a 59-year-old former professional musician knew how to fix that.They would create a kind of musical assembly line including online sessions. The Band released its first original song，“Namesake”，in March 2016.But just months after the song’s release，Baltimore Paul began experiencing health issues that forced him to take time off from making music.The other Pauls also decided to take a break from the band.But they didn’t press pause on their friendship.Instead，they made sure Baltimore Paul never felt alone，even with the long distances between them.They shared family pictures and chatted online. Finally，after a four-year break，Baltimore Paul was well enough to start making music again.The first thing the band did was create a music video for “Namesake”，which has now been watched on YouTube more than 50,000 times. “It has been a lovely journey that has lasted seven years so far.A four-stop international tour—one concert in each of our hometowns—would be great，” says Baltimore Paul. “What are the odds，” he says，“that a random Facebook request would lead not only to new music but to lasting friendships as well？” “Some things are just meant to be.” 语篇解读　本文为记叙文，讲述了四位名为Paul O’Sullivan的音乐家一起组建乐队，建立友谊的故事。 1．What inspired Baltimore Paul to form a band? A．His enthusiasm for music. B．His dream of having an international tour. C．Four Paul O’Sullivans all being musicians. D．Friendship among the four Paul O’Sullivans. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。由第二段中的“As Baltimore Paul looked through the profiles of the Paul O’Sullivans who accepted his invitation，he noticed something four of them had in common：They were all musicians.Baltimore Paul had an idea.”可知，他们都是音乐家，这是启发住在巴尔的摩的Paul组建乐队的原因。故选C项。 2．What does the underlined word “nettlesome” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Easy. B．Disappointing. C．Troublesome. D．Interesting. 答案　C 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线单词下文“Fortunately，Manchester Paul，a 59-year-old former professional musician knew how to fix that.”可推知，画线词所在句表示“跨越多个时区组建一个乐队是很麻烦的，棘手的事情。”故选C项。 3．What can be learned from paragraph 4? A．It never rains but it pours. B．It’s never too late to mend. C．One is never too old to learn. D．A friend in need is a friend indeed. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Baltimore Paul began experiencing health issues...But they didn’t press pause on their friendship.Instead，they made sure Baltimore Paul never felt alone，even with the long distances between them.They shared family pictures and chatted online.”可知，由于巴尔的摩的Paul出现了健康问题，他们的乐队被迫中止。但是他们的友谊并没有暂停，为了不让他觉得孤独，他们分享了家庭照片并在网上聊天，这体现了“患难见真情”，故选D项。 4．What’s the purpose of the text? A．To teach how to start a band. B．To introduce a band united by a name. C．To show how to make friends online. D．To introduce a popular online service. 答案　B 解析　写作意图题。本文主要讲述了住在巴尔的摩的Paul一次偶然的好友申请将其与另外三位与之同名的音乐家聚在一起组建乐队的故事。文章的目的就是介绍一个由名字团结起来的乐队的故事。故选B项。 B This fall，students at the University of Massachusetts found a new menu at their dining commons：the “diet for a cooler planet” menu.This meant herb-roasted lamb，raised with a carbon-friendly approach.It included sweet potatoes that had been picked from a local farm’s field post-harvest.The options were plant-heavy，locally grown，and involved little to no packaging. “We wanted to let students participate in climate action by making choices about their food，” says Kathy Wicks，sustainability director for UMass Dining.The university is not alone in this effort.Increasingly，American consumers and institutions are thinking about how their food choices factor into climate change.For many，small choices at the grocery store，dining hall，and restaurant can feel more accessible than big-ticket options like buying a fuel-efficient car or installing home solar panels. Small changes in dietary habits may make a big difference.Climate activists often target fossil fuels and transportation systems，but studies point to the food system as a significant contributor to global warming.According to Project Drawdown，a research organization that evaluates climate solutions，the way food is grown，transported，and consumed accounts for about a quarter of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions.Beef is a regular target.“If，on average，Americans cut a quarter pound of beef per week from their diet，it’s like taking 10 million cars off the road a year，” says Sujatha Bergen，director of health campaigns for the Natural Resources Defense Council.Food waste ranks third among climate solutions.While much waste occurs before consumers are involved—food left on the field or “chucked” because it does not fit appearance standards，Americans also throw out a lot of food they have purchased：about $1,600 worth a year per family of four. “People are beginning to understand that their food choices have a big impact on climate，” says Megan Larmer，director of regional food at the Glynwood Center for Regional Food and Farming in New York.But，she cautions substantial change will need to come from the whole food system. 5．What is the purpose of the new menu at the University of Massachusetts? A．To market the cold dishes. B．To reduce the cost of packaging. C．To popularize the plant-heavy diet. D．To promote low-carbon awareness. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段的“‘We wanted to let students participate in climate action by making choices about their food，’ says Kathy Wicks，sustainability director for UMass Dining.”可推知，马萨诸塞州大学新菜单的目的是促进学生的低碳意识。故选D。 6．What can be inferred from paragraph 2? A．Food is a decisive factor for climate change. B．Food choices matter much to global warming. C．Universities are working together in climate action. D．Fuel-efficient cars are not affordable for consumers. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段的“Increasingly，American consumers and institutions are thinking about how their food choices factor into climate change.For many，small choices at the grocery store，dining hall，and restaurant can feel more accessible than big-ticket options like buying a fuel-efficient car or installing home solar panels.”可推知，食物选择对全球变暖意义重大。故选B。 7．What does Sujatha Bergen say about beef? A．It has a great influence on carbon reduction. B．It is popular among millions of car drivers. C．It has a close relationship with gas emission. D．It plays a significant role in American’s diet. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段的“‘If，on average，Americans cut a quarter pound of beef per week from their diet，it’s like taking 10 million cars off the road a year，’ says Sujatha Bergen，director of health campaigns for the Natural Resources Defense Council.”可推知，Sujatha Bergen认为少吃牛肉对减碳有很大影响。故选A。 8．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．Food System Reform：a Successful Trial B．Global Warming：an Approaching Danger C．Carbon Emission：a Killer，or Healer? D．Low-carbon Diet：a Craze，or More? 答案　D 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据第三段中“Small changes in dietary habits may make a big difference...studies point to the food system as a significant contributor to global warming.”和最后一段中“People are beginning to understand that their food choices have a big impact on climate”可推知，文章主要介绍了人们可以通过选择低碳食物对气候变化做出贡献。故选D。 Ⅱ.完形填空 Little Oliver was Mason and Rebecca’s miracle child.Rebecca suffered three miscarriages(流产) before Oliver was born.When they were still in extreme __1__，Rebecca accidentally found the little boy never reacted to any sound.After examination it was confirmed that Oliver was born __2__. Facing such a blow，Mason and Rebecca never felt __3__.A few weeks later，Oliver got his first hearing aid.Despite several __4__，Oliver could at last hear! Three years passed，and it was time to send Oliver to __5__.But the first day Oliver returned home __6__.“I don-don’t want to go to school...I have no friends...” One day，Rebecca and Mason were called to the school，where Oliver’s teacher，Sophia told them Oliver never __7__ with his classmates.He was afraid that his classmates would __8__ him over his deafness.Though Sophia talked to him again，he was __9__ to communicate. Rebecca and Mason told her their son was __10__ for friendship inside.Sophia decided to do something to help Oliver out of his __11__.They made a plan and put it into action on his sixth birthday.Oliver __12__ his classroom and found it decorated with balloons.He was surprised and sat in his chair，__13__ what was happening.Suddenly，all his classmates marched inside，wearing colorful birthday caps and smiling at him.Oliver’s eyes rose with tears as he watched them sing a happy birthday song in __14__.They had learned sign language to surprise the birthday boy and make him feel __15__. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了天生耳聋的Oliver在学校过得很不开心，他的老师和同学们为他用手语唱了生日歌，Oliver觉得自己终于成了班里的一员。 1．A.sorrow B．happiness C．surprise D．loss 答案　B 解析　根据上一句可知，Oliver是他的爸爸妈妈好不容易才拥有的小孩，所以当他出生时，爸爸妈妈沉浸在幸福之中。故选B。 2．A.dumb B．blind C．deaf D．one-handed 答案　C 解析　根据上文“Rebecca accidentally found the little boy never reacted to any sound”可知，Oliver对声音没有反应，由此判断Oliver天生耳聋。故选C。 3．A.discouraged B．annoyed C．embarrassed D．confused 答案　A 解析　根据下文“A few weeks later，Oliver got his first hearing aid.”可知，尽管Oliver耳聋，他的爸爸妈妈却从未气馁。故选A。 4．A.operations B．tests C．worries D．struggles 答案　D 解析　根据上文可知，Oliver得到了第一个助听器，而根据空后“Oliver could at last hear”可知，Oliver终于听见了。由此判断，Oliver是经过几次挣扎努力。故选D。 5．A.school B．hospital C．station D．work 答案　A 解析　根据上文的“Three years passed”以及下文的“I don-don’t want to go to school...I have no friends...”可知，Oliver到了该上学的时候。故选A。 6．A.laughing B．crying C．adding D．explaining 答案　B 解析　根据下文“I don-don’t want to go to school...I have no friends...”可知，Oliver在学校里过得很不开心，所以到家后哭了。故选B。 7．A.debated B．agreed C．studied D．interacted 答案　D 解析　根据下文“He was afraid that his classmates would ____ him over his deafness.”可知，Oliver害怕同学们笑话他，所以他不愿意和同学们互动。故选D。 8．A.break down B．turn up C．complain about D．laugh at 答案　D 解析　根据空后的“over his deafness”可知，Oliver担心同学们嘲笑自己耳聋。故选D。 9．A.unwilling B．careful C．careful D．unable 答案　A 解析　根据上文“One day，Rebecca and Mason were called to the school...He was afraid that his classmates would ____ him over his deafness.”可知，Oliver不愿与他人互动交流。故选A。 10．A.grateful B．desperate C．responsible D．concerned 答案　B 解析　根据上文可知，Oliver外表表现得拒人于千里之外，但是内心还是希望有朋友的。短语：be desperate for，意为“渴望得到……”。故选B。 11．A.doubt B．failure C．insecurity D．reach 答案　C 解析　根据上文可知，Oliver内心渴望友谊，但是又害怕别人笑话他，所以他是缺乏安全感。故选C。 12．A.locked B．cleaned C．entered D．designed 答案　C 解析　根据下文“found it decorated with ballons”及“He was surprised and sat in his chair”可知，空处指的是Oliver进入教室。故选C。 13．A.confirming B．concluding C．ignoring D．wondering 答案　D 解析　根据上文“He was surprised and sat in his chair”可知，他非常惊讶，所以他想知道发生了什么事。故选D。 14．A.gesture B．return C．deed D．word 答案　A 解析　根据下文“They had learned sign language to surprise the birthday boy”可知，Oliver的同学们学习了手语，所以他们的生日歌是用手语来表演的。故选A。 15．A.independent B．sensible C．included D．praised 答案　C 解析　included包含在内的。上文提到Oliver因为害怕同学们嘲笑他耳聋而不愿与同学交流，为了帮助他，老师和同学们学习了手语为他演唱生日歌，给了他一个惊喜，就是为了让Oliver觉得自己也是班级的一员。故选C。 Ⅲ.语法填空 I have always been a language enthusiast，especially of the languages more distant from my mother tongue (Spanish)．I learned that only a year before,1.____________ new degree called Modern Languages and their Literatures，which included Chinese among three other languages,2.____________(establish) at the University of Granada.I chose to study Chinese though I didn’t know a word of it. The four years were a journey of hope and 3.____________(disappoint) in equal parts.I wanted to quit several times in the third year,4.____________(see) that after two years of hard study it was impossible for me to keep a simple conversation in Chinese. Thinking of all the 5.____________(invest) time，I determined to finish my degree.After that，I would look for an opportunity to go to China for further study.During my study period，the one that 6.____________(real) helped me to start speaking Chinese was the Chinese Bridge，a contest 7.____________ which I participated with zero talent and great enthusiasm.The preparation for the contest benefited me a lot and 8.____________(strengthen) my desire to improve.Thus，I graduated with honors and applied for a one-year scholarship to study Chinese in China.So in August of 2015，I arrived to Nanjing University,9.____________ I lived and studied for nine months.A year later，I headed to Yunnan Normal University 10.____________(pursue) another Master’s Degree in teaching Chinese to foreigners. When I look back to my past study life，I know it was many unknown paths that took me to the right places. 1．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。 可数名词degree在句中表示“一个新的学位”，泛指，new发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 2．答案　had been established 解析　考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子可知，establish 是谓语动词，与主语(a) new degree之间是被动关系，结合句中“I learned that only a year before...”可知，动作发生在“过去的过去”，应使用过去完成时。综上，谓语动词应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been established。 3．答案　disappointment 解析　考查名词。提示词与hope是并列关系，应用名词disappointment，作宾语。故填disappointment。 4．答案　seeing 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，see是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语I之间是主动关系，所以应用现在分词表示主动。故填seeing。 5．答案　invested 解析　考查非谓语动词。结合句意可知，提示词作定语修饰名词time，是非谓语动词，同时与time之间是被动关系，表示“被投入的时间”，应用过去分词形式。故填invested。 6．答案　really 解析　考查副词。提示词修饰动词helped，应用副词really作状语。故填really。 7．答案　in 解析　考查介词。 分析句子可知，“____ which I participated with zero talent and great enthusiasm”是定语从句修饰先行词contest，关系代词which将先行词代入定语从句中作动词短语participated in的宾语，句中需要加上介词in并置于关系代词前。故填in。 8．答案　strengthened 解析　考查动词时态。分析句子可知，提示词strengthen与谓语动词benefited是并列关系，作谓语动词，也应用一般过去时。故填strengthened。 9．答案　where 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Nanjing University，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，表示“在南京大学”，应使用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 10．答案　to pursue 解析　考查非谓语动词。根据句意，设空处表目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to pursue。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $