选择性必修第二册 UNIT 4 HUMOUR（教师用书word）-【步步高】2025年高考英语大一轮复习讲义（北师大版）

Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意 1．comedy n．喜剧；喜剧片 2．cross talk相声 3．plot n．(书、电影、戏剧的)情节 4．accent n．口音 5．imitate vt.模仿 6．well-being n．舒适；健康；幸福 7．referee n．裁判(员) 8．saucer n．杯托 9．doorway n．门口，出入口 10．antique n．古董 adj.古时制造的 11．deduce vt.推论，推断 12．astronomy n．天文学 13．galaxy n．星系 14．surgery n．诊所；外科手术 15．circus n．马戏团 16．clown n．小丑 17．blood vessel血管 18．far-reaching adj.影响深远的 19．immune adj.有免疫力的 20．cell n．细胞 21．incorporate vt.把……并入；包含 22．comedian n．喜剧演员 23．episode n．一集 24．steak n．牛排 25．raw adj.生的 26．vase n．花瓶 27．purse n．女用手提包；女式钱包 28．contemporary adj.当代的 29．screenwriter n．影视剧本作家，编剧 30．electrical engineering电力(电气)工程学 31．producer n．制作人，制片人 32．agent n．代理人 33．log n．大木头，原木；(事件的)正式记录 Ⅱ.重点单词——记形 1．pretend vi.& vt.假装，装作 2．facial adj.面部的；脸上的 3．enhance vt.增强；改进；提高 4．terrified adj.极度惊恐的 5．dizzy adj.头晕目眩的 6．swing n．挥动，挥舞；秋千vi.& vt.(使)摆动；(使)转动；朝……打去；荡秋千 7．collapse vi.突然倒下 8．consume vt.消耗；吃；消费 9．appetite n．胃口，食欲 10．faithful adj.忠诚的 11．atmosphere n．大气(层)；气氛，氛围，环境 12．forecast vt.预测，预报 13．middle-aged adj.中年的 14．sneeze vi.& n．打喷嚏 15．scream vi.尖声大叫 n．尖叫声 16．crisis n．危难时刻；危机 17．afterwards adv.随后，后来 18．tension n．紧张；焦虑；焦急 19．muscle n．肌肉 20．physical adj.身体的，肉体的 21．mood n．心情，情绪 22．whisper vi.& vt.悄声说，低语，耳语 23．blush vi.脸红 24．reputation n．名誉，名望 25．encounter vt.遇到 26．universal adj.广泛适用的；共同的，普遍的 27．chew vi.& vt.咀嚼 28．mostly adv.主要地；大部分 29．clumsy adj.笨拙的，不灵活的 30．contrary n．正相反，恰恰相反 31．academic adj.学术的 32．scholarship n．奖学金 33．attain vt.得到，获得 34．obtain vt.获得，得到 35．stutter n．结巴，口吃 36．mirror n．镜子 37．rarely adv.很少，难得 38．genius n．天才，天赋；天才人物 39．convinced adj.确信的，信服的 40．demand vt.要求 41．idiom n．成语 Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变 1．humorous adj.幽默的，诙谐的→humor n．幽默，诙谐→humorously adv.幽默地 2．interact vi.交往；交流；相互作用→interaction n．交流；互动；相互作用→interactive adj.互动的，交互的；合作的 3．anxiety n．焦虑，不安，担心；渴望→anxious adj.焦虑的，不安的，担心的；渴望的→anxiously adv.焦虑地，不安地 4．significant adj.重要的，重大的；显著的→significance n．重要性 5．unbalanced adj.不平衡的→balanced adj.平衡的，均衡的→balance n．均衡，平衡 v．(使)保持平衡 6．embarrassed adj.难堪的，尴尬的→embarrass vt.使人难堪，令人尴尬→embarrassing adj.令人难堪的，令人尴尬的→embarrassment n．尴尬，窘迫 7．confused adj.困惑的→confuse vt.使困惑→confusing adj.令人困惑的→confusion n．混乱；困惑 8．potential n．潜力，潜能adj.潜在的，可能的→potentially adv.可能地，潜在地 9．casually adv.漫不经心地；非正式地→casual adj.随便的；非正式的 10. innocently adv.装作若无其事地；无辜地→innocent adj.无罪的；无辜的；天真的→innocence n．无罪；无辜；单纯 11．scientific adj.科学(上)的→science n．科学→scientist n．科学家 12．measurement n．测量，计量，衡量→measure n．措施；方法；(一定的)量；尺度 v．测量；度量 13．bleed vi.流血，出血→blood n．血液；血→bloody adj.流血的；血腥的 14．consultation n．就诊；咨询→consult v．商量；咨询→consultant n．顾问；咨询师 15．examine vt.检查→examination n．检查→examiner n．主考人，考官 16．announce vt.宣布，宣告→announcement n．宣布，宣告→announcer n．广播员 17．deserve vt.应得，应受到→deserving adj.值得的；应得的 18．psychological adj.心理的，精神的→psychology n．心理学→psychologist n．心理学家 19．energise vt.使充满活力；使增强决心→energy n．精力，活力→energetic adj.精力充沛的→energetically adv.精力充沛地 20．infection n．感染；传染→infect vt.感染；传染→infectious adj.传染性的；有传染力的 21．accidentally adv.偶然地，意外地→accidental adj.偶然的，意外的→accident n．(交通)事故；意外 22．expense n．费用，花费→expensive adj.昂贵的→inexpensive adj.不昂贵的 23．nationality n．国籍→nation n．国家→national adj.国家的 24．amuse vt.使开心；逗笑→amusing adj.好笑的，有趣的→amused adj.逗乐的；觉得好笑的→amusement n．愉悦；娱乐；娱乐活动 25．rely vi.依赖→reliable adj.可靠的 26．purely adv.完全地，纯粹地，仅仅→pure adj.纯的；纯粹的；纯洁的；完全的 27．astonished adj.吃惊的，惊讶的→astonish vt.使吃惊，使惊讶→astonishing adj.令人吃惊的，令人惊讶的→astonishment n．吃惊，惊讶 28．creation n．创造物，作品→create vt.创造→creative adj.创造(性)的；创作的；有创造力的→creativity n．创造力；创造性 29．talent n．天资，天赋；人才，天才→talented adj.有天赋的；有才干的 30．unfortunate adj.不幸的，倒霉的→unfortunately adv.不幸地→fortune n．大笔的钱；时运 31．loosely adv.不严谨地→loose adj.松的；宽松的；松散的→loosen vt.& vi.(使)变松；松开(手等) 32．criticise vi.& vt.批评，指责→critical adj.关键的；(病情或局势)危急的；批评的；挑剔的→critic n．批评家；评论员 33．politician n．政治家→politics n．政治；权术→political adj.政治的；政府的 34．bath n．浴室vi.洗澡→bathe vt.使沐浴；用水洗 vi.洗澡 1．attendant/ə'tendənt/n.服务员；侍从 2．hotspot/'hɒtspɒt/n.热点(无线网络接入区) 3．lull/lʌl/vt.麻痹，使放松警惕 4．trip/trIp/vt.(不小心)触动(开关) 5．fraud/frɔːd/n.欺诈，诈骗 6．alert/ə'lɜːt/n.警报 7．scam/skæm/vt.诈骗，骗取(钱财) 8．hacker/'hækə/n.(计算机)黑客 9．scenario/sə'nɑːriəʊ/n.可能发生的事，可能出现的情况 10．unintelligible/ˌʌnIn'telIdʒəbəl/adj.难以理解的；晦涩难懂的 11．vulnerable/'vʌlnərəbəl/adj.易受攻击的；易受伤的 12．discern/dI'sɜːn/vt.觉察出；辨认出 Ⅳ.背核心短语 1．at sb’s expense嘲笑某人 2．rely on依赖；信赖 3．for sale待售 4．save sb from doing sth免去某人做……的麻烦 5．wake up醒来；活跃起来 6．turn to转向；求助于 7．make an attempt to do尝试/企图做 8．feel down感到沮丧；情绪消沉 9．with concern关切地；担心地 10．busy oneself doing sth忙于做某事 11．on the contrary正相反 12．let alone更不用说 Ⅴ.悟经典句式 1．Hey，for the 200 dollars I wonder if you could throw in that old saucer.(wonder if...) 嘿，200 美元的话能不能把那个旧碟子也送给我。 2．Finally，after he had been waiting for about half an hour，he was called in for his consultation.(had been doing) 等了大约半小时后，终于叫到他咨询了。 3．The doctor was writing a note at her desk when he came in.(be doing...when...正在做……，这时……) 他进去时医生正在办公桌上写便条。 4．After a moment，he looks back at the envelope but this time he looks surprised，as if he did not know it was there.(as if引导虚拟语气) 过了一会儿，他再看那个信封，但这次他露出了惊讶的表情，好像完全不知道它在那里。 5．He becomes so desperate in the end that he even hides some inside the purse of a woman sitting near him and throws some down the trousers of the restaurant’s violinist！(so...that...) 最后他无计可施，居然把一部分生肉藏在坐在他旁边的女士的钱包里，还把一部分塞进餐厅小提琴手的裤子里！ 默写练习(一) Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共8分) 1．comedy n．喜剧；喜剧片 2．plot n．(书、电影、戏剧的)情节 3．accent n．口音 4．imitate vt.模仿 5．well-being n．舒适；健康；幸福 6．doorway n．门口，出入口 7．antique n．古董 adj.古时制造的 8．surgery n．诊所；外科手术 Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1分，共11分) 1．pretend vi.& vt.假装，装作 2．enhance vt.增强；改进；提高 3．swing n．挥动，挥舞；秋千vi.& vt.(使)摆动；(使)转动；朝……打去；荡秋千 4．collapse vi.突然倒下 5．consume vt.消耗；吃；消费 6．faithful adj.忠诚的 7．atmosphere n．大气(层)；气氛，氛围，环境 8．forecast vt.预测，预报 9．scream vi.尖声大叫 n．尖叫声 10．physical adj.身体的，肉体的 11．mood n．心情，情绪 Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共16分) 1．interact vi.交往；交流；相互作用→interaction n．交流；互动；相互作用→interactive adj.互动的，交互的；合作的 2．unbalanced adj.不平衡的→balanced adj.平衡的，均衡的→balance n．均衡，平衡 v．(使)保持平衡 3．potential n．潜力，潜能adj.潜在的，可能的→potentially adv.可能地，潜在地 4．casually adv.漫不经心地；非正式地→casual adj.随便的；非正式的 5．innocently adv.装作若无其事地；无辜地→innocent adj.无罪的；无辜的；天真的→innocence n．无罪；无辜；单纯 6．measurement n．测量，计量，衡量→measure n．措施；方法；(一定的)量；尺度 v．测量；度量 7．bleed vi.流血，出血→blood n．血液；血→bloody adj.流血的；血腥的 8．psychological adj.心理的，精神的→psychology n．心理学→psychologist n．心理学家 Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分) 1．hotspot n．热点(无线网络接入区) 2．scam vt.诈骗，骗取(钱财) 3．hacker n．(计算机)黑客 4．alert n．警报 5．vulnerable adj.易受攻击的；易受伤的 Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分) 1．at sb’s expense 嘲笑某人 2．for sale 待售 3．save sb from doing sth免去某人做……的麻烦 4．wake up 醒来；活跃起来 5．turn to转向；求助于 Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共20分) 1．The new employee has a good sense of humor and always relates to things humorously.(humor) 2．The results of the experiment are not statistically significant but the discovery from it is of great significance.(significant) 3．It made me so embarrassed that I was caught eating snacks in the English class.I have still remembered the embarrassing moment until now.(embarrass) 4．The scientists worked hard together day and night and eventually came to a scientific conclusion.(science) 5．You’d better have a physical examination and let the doctors examine you thoroughly. (examine) 6．A few minutes later，we heard the host announcing the final result of the match and the announcement made us happy.(announce) 7．I am confused about the confusing question，which also confuses many of my classmates.In order to solve our confusion，the teacher explains it to us patiently.(confuse) 8．I have to consult a famous consultant about my problem and the consultation process is quite smooth.(consult) 9．I waited for the exam result anxiously and was anxious to get a good mark.(anxious) 10．He deserves respecting，because he has contributed a lot to the deserving cause.(deserve) Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分) 1．Our head teacher forbids just relying on the Internet for our research. 2．Their talk turned to the change that had taken place in the city. 3．The prize money saved her from having to find a job. 4．It is cruel of you to keep making jokes at your wife’s expense. 5．What made me angry was that I was woken up by the sound of someone moving around. Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题5分，共15分) 1．我骑自行车上学时，其中一个轮胎被很尖的东西扎破了。(be doing...when...) I was cycling to school when one of the tyres got punctured by something very pointed. 2．我想知道是否有人能帮我。(wonder if...) I wondered if someone could give me a hand. 3．我焦急地等了10分钟，这时我的语文老师发现了我，载了我一程。 (had been doing) I had been waiting anxiously for 10 minutes when my Chinese teacher spotted me and gave me a ride. 默写练习(二) Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共8分) 1．cell n．细胞 2．steak n．牛排 3．raw adj.生的 4．vase n．花瓶 5．purse n．女用手提包；女式钱包 6．contemporary adj.当代的 7．producer n．制作人，制片人 8．agent n．代理人 Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共20分) 1．whisper vi.& vt.悄声说，低语，耳语 2．blush vi.脸红 3．reputation n．名誉，名望 4．encounter vt.遇到 5．chew vi.& vt.咀嚼 6．contrary n．正相反，恰恰相反 7．obtain vt.获得，得到 8．stutter n．结巴，口吃 9．convinced adj.确信的，信服的 10．demand vt.要求 Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共16分) 1．accidentally adv.偶然地，意外地→accidental adj.偶然的，意外的→accident n．(交通)事故；意外 2．nationality n．国籍→nation n．国家→national adj.国家的 3．amuse vt.使开心；逗笑→amusing adj.好笑的，有趣的→amused adj.逗乐的；觉得好笑的→amusement n．愉悦；娱乐；娱乐活动 4．purely adv.完全地，纯粹地，仅仅→pure adj.纯的；纯粹的；纯洁的；完全的 5．unfortunate adj.不幸的，倒霉的→unfortunately adv.不幸地→fortune n．大笔的钱；时运 6.loosely adv.不严谨地→loose adj.松的；宽松的；松散的→loosen vt.& vi.(使)变松；松开(手等) 7．politician n．政治家→politics n．政治；权术→political adj.政治的；政府的 8．bath n．浴室vi.洗澡→bathe vt.使沐浴；用水洗 vi.洗澡 Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分) 1．attendant n．服务员；侍从 2．fraud n．欺诈，诈骗 3．unintelligible adj.难以理解的；晦涩难懂的 4．discern vt.觉察出；辨认出 5．trip vt.(不小心)触动(开关) Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分) 1．feel down 感到沮丧；情绪消沉 2．with concern 关切地；担心地 3．busy oneself doing sth忙于做某事 4．let alone更不用说 5．on the contrary 正相反 Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共16分) 1．The less you exercise，the less energetic you will be.A proper amount of exercise will energise your entire body.(energy) 2．He got infected with cholera，an infectious disease，and was afraid of dying of the infection.(infect) 3．Vegetables are expensive these days，which means our daily expenses will go up.(expense) 4．To my astonishment，the boys were indifferent in the face of the astonishing phenomenon and what astonished them was my astonished look.(astonish) 5．The animal he mentioned is not a creature that exists in the world.It is a creation of his mind and we all have to admit he is a creative boy and admire his creativity.(create) 6．Many of them have a talent for music and are talented in playing various musical instruments. (talent) 7．The well-known critic fairly criticised the critical present situation in public.(critic) 8．I can rely on my reliable father to help me when I encounter difficulties.(rely) Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分) 1．When I fell off my bike，he helped me rise to my feet and asked me with concern if I was OK. 2．When feeling down or lost，you can read this inspiring book to cheer yourself up. 3．It is incredible that the 12-year-old boy even can’t reach the pedals，let alone drive the car. 4．The team made an attempt to climb the mountain，but it was a pity that they didn’t make it. 5．It’s no trouble at all；on the contrary，it will be a great pleasure to help you. Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题5分，共10分) 1．但每当我读到一篇英文文章，我似乎都对它一无所知。(as if引导虚拟语气) But every time I read an English article，it seems as if I knew nothing about it. 2．英语对我来说那么困难以至于我甚至想放弃它。(so...that...) English is so difficult for me that I even want to give it up. He is a contemporary genius comedian in China and 1.has obtained(obtain) a good reputation for amusing people.The middle-aged man has a talent for comedy and has a potential to present some serious topics in a 2.humorous(humor) way.He can imitate many different accents，for 3.which his creations can improve people’s moods.In one movie，he acts as Mr Ma,4.a painter who commits himself to enhancing the well-being of the people in western China.His wife，however,5.is convinced(convince) that he is studying painting in Russia.She often videochats with Ma.Every time his secret is 6.to be exposed(expose)，Ma will stay motionless and pretend that the network is not working.We can feel his embarrassment across the screen.In one scene，his facial expression was so amusing 7.that the audience burst into 8.laughter(laugh)．Other actors，however，kept strange postures for long and we can even feel the tension of their muscles.Afterwards，when the conversation finally finished，they collapsed in the field.Not only is he a comedian,9.but he is a screenwriter and producer of his movies.His films are always full of joyous atmosphere.And mostly he will attain good remarks.10.Rarely(rare) will people criticise his films for loosely written plots.After all，you can’t rely on a comedy to be purely faithful to reality. 提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇 pretend vi.& vt.假装；装作 pretend (1)Magic is a form of entertainment that is based on pretending to do(do) things that are impossible. (2)To ease my embarrassment，I pretended to be reading(read) when my mother entered. (3)The embarrassed student pretended to have made(make) sense of what the teacher said，though actually still confused. →The embarrassed student pretended that he had made sense of what the teacher said，though actually still confused. (4)我们在街上相遇时，她装作不认识我，这使我很伤心。 She pretended (that) she didn’t know me/pretended not to know me when we met in the street，which made me upset. 用法点拨　pretend to do sth的否定式为pretend not to do sth。 confused adj.困惑的；不清楚的；难懂的(confuse vt.使糊涂；把……混淆 confusing adj.令人困惑的 confusion n．糊涂；混淆) •be/get confused with/about对……感到困惑 •confuse...with/and...把……和……混淆 (1)Every time I encounter some confusing math problems and become confused about them，it is you who come to solve my confusion in time.(confuse) (2)(读后续写之情感描写) What made me embarrassed was that I confused “scream” with/and “cream”，which set off a burst of laughter. (3)他既困惑又惊讶，瞪大眼睛望着那些精致的古董。 Confused and astonished，he gaped at those delicate antiques，wide eyed. (4)(应用文写作之建议信)得知你即将拜访一位中国朋友，对中国的风俗习惯感到困惑，我写信是想提出一些建议。 Learning that you are about to pay a visit to a Chinese friend and confused about/with the Chinese customs，I am writing to put forward some suggestions. announce vt.宣布，宣告；通知；声称(announcement n．通知；宣布announcer n．广播员；解说员) •announce sth to sb(＝announce to sb sth)向某人宣布…… It is announced that...据称；据宣布…… •make an announcement下通知；宣布 (1)Our school English broadcast station is looking for an announcer(announce) who is capable of speaking fluent and authentic English. (2)The headmaster of the boarding school announced to the students the list of students who got a scholarship. (3)(应用文写作之通知) 请注意！我要向你们宣布。据称，世界青少年机器人大赛将于7月7日至15日在天津举行。 Attention，please！I make an announcement to you.It is announced that the World Adolescent Robotics Competition will be held from July 7 to 15 in Tianjin. deserve vt.值得；应受(报答或惩罚)；应得(deserving adj.值得的；应得的) deserve attention/consideration/respect/ praise/值得注意/考虑/尊敬/表扬 deserve to do...值得做……；应该做…… deserve doing...＝deserve to be done...值得……；应受……(用法相同的还有：require；need；want...) (1)The money the middle-aged referee saved could be used for more deserving(deserve) causes. (2)(读后续写之表情描写)她尴尬得脸都红了，说她不配得到这个奖项。 Blushing with embarrassment，she said that she didn’t deserve the award. (3)It’s agreed that she deserved to win(win) the competition because she had made full preparations for it. (4)就我而言，同学们对英语口语课的反馈值得考虑。(2023·上海1月，书面表达) As far as I am concerned，students’ feedback concerning the Spoken English class deserves consideration/to be considered/considering. amuse vt.使发笑，逗乐；(使)娱乐[amusement n．消遣；娱乐(活动) amused adj.(感到)愉快的；逗乐的 amusing adj.好玩的，好笑的，有趣的] •amuse oneself with以……自娱 •to one’s amusement让某人感到愉快的是 in/with amusement愉快地；津津有味地 •be amused at/by/with因……而乐 (1)To my amusement(amuse)，my father treated me to a comedy to relieve my anxiety. (2)我妈妈被如此有趣的情景逗乐了，她愉快地开玩笑道：“不要在大南瓜里耗尽了氧气。”但是她的话并没有逗乐我，相反，我的鼻子都快气歪了。(2021·浙江1月，读后续写) My mom was amused by/at/with such an amusing scene，joking in/with amusement，“Don’t use up all your oxygen in the huge pumpkin.” But I didn’t amuse myself with her words and on the contrary，my nose was almost crooked. astonished adj.吃惊的，惊讶的(astonish vt.使惊诧astonishing adj.令人惊讶的 astonishment n．惊讶) •It astonishes sb that...令某人惊讶的是…… •be astonished at/by sth对某事感到惊讶 be astonished to do sth对做某事感到惊讶 •to one’s astonishment令某人惊讶的是 in astonishment吃惊地 (1)睡眼惺忪的母亲看到这顿特别的早餐很吃惊。她对双胞胎为她所做的一切感到非常惊讶，她坐在床上，流下喜悦的泪水。(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写) Sleepy-eyed mother was astonished to see the special breakfast.She was so astonished at/by what her twins did for her that she simply sat on the bed，with tears of joy streaming down her cheeks. (2)(读后续写之惊讶心理描写) 看着丈夫抱着一束花，她呆住了，惊讶地张大了嘴。 Seeing her husband holding a bunch of flowers，she froze，her mouth dropping open in astonishment. (3)To my astonishment，the old horse my father rode knew the way home. →It astonished me that the old horse my father rode knew the way home.(用it作形式主语改写) →What astonished me was that the old horse my father rode knew the way home.(用what引导的主语从句改写) rely on/upon依靠；依赖(reliable adj.可信赖的；可依赖的；可靠的) rely/depend/count on/upon sb/sth指望/依靠某人/某事 rely on/upon sb to do sth指望/相信某人做某事 rely on/upon it that...相信……；指望…… (1)She is a genius in this field，and therefore you can rely on her to give(give) you some reliable(rely) advice whenever you come across any academic problems. (2)我最尊敬我叔叔，因为每当我处于困境中时，我都可以指望他给我一些实用的建议。 (2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达) ①I respect my uncle most because I can rely on/upon him to offer me some practical suggestions whenever I am in trouble.(rely on/upon sb to do) ②I respect my uncle most because I can rely on/upon it that he can offer me some practical suggestions whenever I am in trouble.(rely on/upon it that...) as if引导虚拟语气　After a moment，he looks back at the envelope but this time he looks surprised，as if he did not know it was there.过了一会儿，他再看那个信封，但这次他露出了惊讶的表情，好像完全不知道它在那里。 本句中的as if引导状语从句，相当于“as though”。 as if/though引导状语从句有两种情况： •如果所引导的从句只是表示一种假设的情况，从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，其形式如下： as if •如果所引导的从句表示的是真实的或极有可能发生的情况时，句子要用陈述语气。 (1)Listen，the whistle of an ambulance！It seems as if there is(be) an emergency. (2)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)树林里很黑，似乎每一簇灌木丛后面都有一头凶猛的野兽。她吓得瘫倒在地，疯狂地尖叫起来。 It was dark in the wood and it seemed as if there were a fierce beast behind every bush.So terrified was she that she collapsed and screamed like crazy. (3)我深感内疚，觉得好像整个世界都已经抛弃了我。 Consumed with guilt，I felt as if the whole world had abandoned me. (4)眼泪在眼眶里打转，大卫抬起头，看着我，好像要说什么，但是又垂下了头。 (2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写) Tears swirling in his eyes，David raised his head，looked at me as if to say something，but lowered his head once again. 用法点拨　当as if/though引导方式状语从句时，如果从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句谓语动词中含有be动词的某种形式，则可以省略从句主语和be动词。 提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇 Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍 1．swing (1)But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact with the ground at all times.(2020·全国Ⅰ) A (2)The children are playing on the swings in the park. B (3)After making sure that David could run if he wanted，I turned to find him coming towards me，his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward.(2022·新课标Ⅰ) D (4)His emotions swung between fear and curiosity. C 2．log (1)They log everyone and everything that comes in and out of here. C (2)With winter approaching，the hunter chopped piles of logs for firewood. A (3)The family made an official complaint to a ship’s officer，which was recorded in the log. B (4)We’ll log another section of the forest today. D 3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思 (1)He spent a lot of money in satisfying the appetite for excitement and amusement.欲望 (2)I’ll chew the problem over for a few days.深思 (3)For better or worse，ALife mirrors the very subject it studies.(2023·北京)反映 (4)This work is very challenging，so we must replace raw workers with experienced ones.不熟练的 (5)The sun began to rise in the sky，bathing the mountain in golden light.(使)沐浴 (6)It was reported that before he died he had consumed a large quantity of alcohol.喝 Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识 1．It is believed that the incident will be potentially(potential) harmful to the development of local tourism. 2．These collections are of little significance，indicating that they are worthless. 3．The man with a strong northern accent accidentally(accidental) found a bunch of keys on the road. 4．Actually，with an important exam to take，I was in no mood to watch(watch) the comedy with you. 5．It is announced that a council will be set up to handle transportation problems. 6．There is no doubt that he is the person who deserves respecting/to be respected(respect)． 7．We are all astonished(astonish) at the news that magpies are extinct in our city. 8．Some consumers are wasteful and you can’t rely on them to recycle(recycle) resources. 9．We have been making/have made(make) efforts to restore the historic relics in the past decade. 10．The comedian swallows the lower part of the shoes as if it were(be) the most delicious meal. 11．We mustn’t develop economy at the expense of destroying nature and we must have a role in nature conservation. 12．He whispered to me，“It’s high time for us to set out to concentrate on the project.” 查理·卓别林Charlie Chaplin是英国著名的喜剧大师，1903年在《侦探福尔摩斯》中他获得了人生中第一个真正的角色；他的代表作有《流浪汉》。请写一篇文章介绍卓别林。 完成句子 1．卓别林是一位杰出的喜剧演员，他主演并导演了许多杰出的喜剧。(comedy；comedian；定语从句) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 2．当被侦探追捕时，他的胡子、手势或有趣的反应都很有趣，很少有人在观看时感到无聊。(so...that...) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 3．最让我感到有趣的一幕是，有一天他走在街上，在香蕉皮上滑倒了。(be doing...when...) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 4．到目前为止，他独特的幽默感使全世界的每个人都感到惊讶。(astonish) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 5．在另一部小成本电影中，他扮演了一个家境贫寒、无家可归的人，穿着破旧的鞋子和凌乱的衣服，他把鞋子煮开，切掉皮革底部，像吃煎饼一样咀嚼。(as if) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 组句成篇 把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 参考范文 Chaplin was an extraordinary comedian who starred in and directed many outstanding comedies.His moustache，his gestures and his entertaining reactions when chased by detectives are so amusing that few feel bored when watching.One scene that amuses me most is that one day he was walking on the street when he slid on a banana skin. His particular sense of humour has astonished everybody throughout the world up to now. In another small budget film，he played a badly-off and homeless person wearing worn-out shoes and messy clothes who boiled his shoes，cut off the leather bottom and chewed it as if it were a pancake.His acting was so convincing and amusing that everybody couldn’t help bursting into laughter. 教材语料整合 亮词 [情感描写]　anxiety；terrified；embarrassed→embarrassment；confused；casually；innocently；faithful；tension；mood；astonished；convinced；unfortunate；loosely [动作描写]　pretend；enhance；swing；collapse；consume；bleed；sneeze；scream；examine；announce；deserve；energise；whisper；blush；encounter；amuse；rely on；chew；attain；obtain；demand；criticise；bath 美句 1.After a good dinner and a bottle of wine，they retired for the night，and went to sleep.(动作描写) 2.He had to wait for what seemed like ages in the doctor’s surgery.(夸张修辞) 3.The bleeding man next to him was looking at his watch nervously；a woman was coughing and sneezing badly；and a baby was screaming.(动作描写＋排比) 4.After being seated at his table，Mr Bean takes out a card，writes a few words on it，puts it in an envelope and places it on the table.(动作描写) 5.He takes all the money out of his wallet，counts it and puts it in a saucer.(动作描写) 拓展语料积累　动作细节描写：眼睛 词块 meet sb’s eyes 接触某人的目光　stare/gaze/look into one’s eyes 凝视　fix/focus one’s eyes on 盯着　lower/drop one’s eyes 垂下眼睛　raise/lift one’s eyes 抬起眼睛　one’s eyes shine/sparkle/glisten with excitement 眼里闪着兴奋的光芒　keep an eye on注视　look sb straight in the eye直视某人的眼睛　narrow one’s eyes 眯起眼睛　turn one’s eyes to 目光转向　shut one’s eyes 闭上眼睛　squeeze one’s eyes shut 紧闭眼睛　eye sb up and down上下打量某人　one’s eyes fall on sb某人的目光落在某人身上 句型 John sat beside the window，with his eyes fixed/focused on a book.(with复合结构)约翰坐在窗边，眼睛盯着一本书。 Gazing at the surroundings，he sang happily，with innocent and curious eyes.(现在分词短语作状语)他凝视着周围的环境，带着天真而好奇的眼睛，愉快地唱着歌。 When he recognized who the visitor was，John opened his mouth wide，his eyes glistening with extreme thrill.(独立主格)当约翰认出来访者是谁时，他张大了嘴，眼睛里闪烁着极度兴奋的光芒。 The desperate woman wiped her tears，lifted her eyes and focused her eyes on the ceiling，tears welling up in her eyes.(动作链描写)那个绝望的女人擦了擦眼泪，抬起眼睛盯着天花板，泪水涌上了她的眼眶。 Tears ran down her cheeks and soon her eyes were red from crying.泪水顺着她的脸颊流下来，很快她的眼睛就哭红了。 With his eyes narrowed，he wondered what had happened.(with复合结构)他眯起眼睛，想知道发生了什么事。 Eyeing me come in，my father eyed me up and down，confused.(现在分词短语作状语)看着我进来，父亲上下打量着我，迷惑不解。 Though my eyes were filled with tears，I still kept an eye on my teacher’s expression.虽然我的眼睛里充满了泪水，但我仍然注视着老师的表情。 When learning the truth，I squeezed my eyes shut and bit my lips，with tears running down my cheeks.(动作描写)得知真相后，我紧紧地闭上眼睛，咬着嘴唇，眼泪顺着脸颊流下来。 语料运用　主题：学习搭档 Having failed one of the most significant exams，I buried my face into my hands，①my eyes brimming/filled with tears (独立主格)．A few moments later，②I wiped my tears，lifted my eyes and focused my eyes on the ceiling (动作链描写)，tears welling up in my eyes.Faced with such a cruel fact，③it seemed as if my world had collapsed.I was ④in such a bad mood that I had a long face all day long.Nothing ⑤could cheer me up.Worried and anxious，my best friend gently patted me on the shoulder and ⑥stared into my eyes，constantly comforting me with witty and humorous words.Finally，I cracked a smile and ⑦my eyes sparkled with hope.Just as the famous saying goes，“⑧Humour is the best medicine.” 一次很重要的考试失败后，我双手掩面，眼里噙满了泪水。过了一会儿，我擦了擦眼泪，抬起眼睛，盯着天花板，泪水涌上了我的眼眶。面对如此残酷的事实，我的世界仿佛坍塌了。我的心情很不好，一整天都愁眉苦脸。没有什么能使我高兴起来。我最好的朋友既担心又焦虑，她轻柔地拍了拍我的肩膀，盯着我的眼睛，用诙谐幽默的话不断安慰着我。最后，我终于露出了笑容，眼里闪烁着希望的光芒。正如名言所说：“幽默是最好的药。” 高考题型组合练(1) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A(★) The Gold Rush(1925) Charlie Chaplin as the Little Tramp eats his shoe for Thanksgiving dinner while trapped in a snowstorm in this endearing silent film classic from 1925.Watch this one if you’re in the mood to see a leather shoe prepared and eaten as if it were a delicious turkey.It makes you thankful for what you have! A Charlie Brown Thanksgiving(1973) Return to the iconic moment when Lucy pulls the football away from Charlie Brown right as he’s about to kick it.Life is hard，but in this animated film，sweetness wins when the Peanuts group prepares a Thanksgiving feast，complete with jelly beans. Planes，Trains and Automobiles(1987) This John Hughes comedy starring Steve Martin and John Candy is already a Thanksgiving classic for many.Neal ends up rerouting the plane because of a snowstorm.As he struggles to find a way home for Thanksgiving，he gets stuck with extremely positive Del. One True Thing(1998) Meryl Streep was nominated(提名) for an Academy Award for her performance in this movie as a wife and mom who struggles with cancer.Renée Zellweger plays the grown daughter who has to come home to help with the holiday.The two try to hold the family together，especially during a tense Thanksgiving meal when guests get all the attention. 1．What could The Gold Rush remind many viewers of? A．History of football games. B．Origin of animated films. C．Thankfulness for something you have. D．Sweet memories of good old days. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据The Gold Rush(1925)部分的“It makes you thankful for what you have！”可知，《淘金记》提醒许多观众应对所拥有的东西心存感激。故选C。 2．Which film best suits people who want to see a Thanksgiving feast with jelly beans? A．The Gold Rush. B．Planes，Trains and Automobiles. C．One True Thing. D．A Charlie Brown Thanksgiving. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据A Charlie Brown Thanksgiving(1973)部分的“Life is hard，but in this animated film，sweetness wins when the Peanuts group prepares a Thanksgiving feast，complete with jelly beans.”可知，《查理·布朗的圣诞节》最适合想看一场有糖豆的感恩节大餐的人。故选D。 3．What do these four films have in common? A．They tell interesting family stories. B．They describe the holiday activities. C．They are all related to Thanksgiving. D．They are all based on the authors’ own lives. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据The Gold Rush(1925)部分的“Charlie Chaplin as the Little Tramp eats his shoe for Thanksgiving dinner...from 1925.”、A Charlie Brown Thanksgiving(1973)部分的“...Thanksgiving feast，complete with jelly beans.”、Planes，Trains and Automobiles(1987)部分的“This John Hughes...is already a Thanksgiving classic for many.”以及One True Thing(1998)部分的“...especially during a tense Thanksgiving meal when guests get all the attention.”可知，这四部电影都与感恩节有关。故选C。 B(★) Patients and doctors alike have long believed in the healing(治疗) power of humor.It is claimed that humor not only affects patients’ moods，but can actually help them recover faster. Several studies seem to support this.Patients in better spirits are known to have a larger number of immune cells.Some have even claimed to have healed themselves of serious illnesses by reading comics and watching comedies. Despite all this，many researchers are not convinced.They point out the fact that many sufferings have been known to disappear naturally，with or without a daily dose of laughter.They also say that while optimism in general does seem to be related to better health，it is hard to tell which comes first. Humor in times of stress，however，clearly makes us feel better.On one level，it takes our minds off our troubles and relaxes us.On another，it releases powerful endorphins，a chemical produced by your body that reduces pain. There are cases where the appreciation of a good joke is indeed directly related to a person’s health.It can show，for example，whether a person has suffered damage to one particular area of the brain: the right frontal lobe(额叶)． Scientists confirmed this by having people read jokes and asking them to choose the funniest endings from a list.Subjects with normal brains usually chose endings that were based on a relatively complex synthesis(综合) of ideas.Subjects with specifically located brain damage，however，responded only to slapstick(闹剧) endings，which did not depend on a particular context.When pressed，the brain-damaged subjects saw the logic in the correct endings.They simply did not find them funny. Of course，humor is largely an individual matter.Next time your friend does not get one of your jokes，there is no need to accuse him of being a lamebrain.However，you might suggest that he lighten up—for the health of it. 语篇解读　这是一篇科普类说明文。作者通过介绍相关科学研究和事例指出幽默对人有积极作用。 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．All researchers have agreed on the healing power of humor. B．People seldom accuse their friends of not understanding jokes. C．The author holds a positive attitude to the healing power of humor. D．Reading comics will surely become a popular way of treating diseases. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段内容及最后一段的最后一句“However，you might suggest that he lighten up—for the health of it.”可知，作者对幽默的治疗作用持积极的态度，故选C。 5．Which of the following statements is NOT true? A．Many researchers are not convinced of the healing power of humor. B．Patients in bad moods are known to have higher immune cell counts. C．Optimism in general does seem to be related to better health. D．People should try their best to cheer up for their good health. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Patients in better spirits are known to have a larger number of immune cells.”可知，病人情绪好，免疫细胞数量高，所以B选项的内容与文章内容不符。故选B。 6．Why did scientists have some people read jokes and ask them to choose the funniest endings from a list? A．To confirm that the brain-damaged people are different from those with normal brains. B．To confirm that a person with a normal brain usually responds to slapstick endings. C．To confirm that a person suffering certain brain damage doesn’t appreciate a good joke. D．To confirm that humor takes our minds off our troubles by releasing powerful endorphins. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第五段内容及第六段的第一句“Scientists confirmed this by having people read jokes and asking them to choose the funniest endings from a list.”可知，第六段第一句中的this指代第五段内容。结合第六段最后两句“When pressed，the brain-damaged subjects saw...They simply did not find them funny.”可知，大脑右额叶受过损伤的人不太会欣赏笑话。故选C。 7．Which would be the best title for the passage? A．Which Comes First，Humor or Health? B．Humor Can Cure Different Illnesses C．People Need Humor in Times of Stress D．Humor Contributes to Good Health 答案　D 解析　标题归纳题。根据第一段“Patients and doctors alike have long believed in the healing(治疗) power of humor.It is claimed that humor not only affects patients’ moods，but can actually help them recover faster.”并综合全文的内容可以看出，文章主要讲述的是幽默在生活中尤其是病人康复方面所起的某些积极的作用。故选D。 C Food deserts are generally classified as geographic regions where people have few or limited options to purchase nutritious and affordable foods like vegetables and fruits.Food deserts affect low-income areas far from supermarkets.Over 23 million Americans live in low-income areas located more than one mile from a food store.Over 11 million people living in these regions are themselves low-income.While people in food deserts may have easier access to convenience stores and fast food，they experience more challenges in shopping at large grocery stores that offer a more comprehensive(全面的) selection of healthy foods at lower prices. This inequality in food access means that families，children，and communities living in food deserts may be at increased risk of obesity and other diet-related health issues，including diabetes and cardiovascular disease. While the existing literature on the lack of accessible，affordable foods has not reached a consensus on the root causes of food deserts，several factors are regularly recognized.Urban areas lacking access to fresh foods are generally divided by racial and economic lines.Diets rich in more nutritious foods cost around $1.50 more per day.For individuals and families living paycheck to paycheck，this cost difference can significantly impact their food choices.For people living in the countryside，they must travel many miles to the nearest store；a lack of access to a vehicle and limited or nonexistent public transportation contribute to food accessibility challenges. Lack of business investment also plays a big part.When large food stores consider possible locations，low-income areas can appear to be “too risky” of an investment.More economically depressed(萧条的) areas can increase a business’s insurance and security costs.Even public utility(设施) challenges，like poorly maintained roads，can prevent big companies from setting up shops in neighborhoods that most need their goods and services，according to Harvard Business Review.These market conditions have a great effect on food accessibility for high-poverty regions. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章阐释了“食物荒漠”这一概念，并介绍了食物荒漠所造成的影响以及形成的原因。 8．What do we know about a food desert? A．Agriculture is impossible there. B．People there are too poor to feed the family. C．Many fast food restaurants are located there. D．People there have limited access to healthy foods. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据文章开头第一句“Food deserts are generally classified as geographic regions where people have few or limited options to purchase nutritious and...foods...”可知，处在食物荒漠地区的人们获取健康食物的途径有限，故选D项。 9．What is a key reason for food deserts? A．Poor health care. B．A low income. C．Business failure. D．Dangerous environment. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中“Food deserts affect low-income areas far from supermarkets.Over 23 million Americans live in low-income areas...Over 11 million people living in these regions are themselves low-income.”可推断出，“食物荒漠”出现的主要原因是低收入，故选B项。 10．What does the underlined word “consensus” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．A balanced diet. B．A general agreement. C．A contributing factor. D．An inspiring achievement. 答案　B 解析　词义猜测题。画线词所在的从句与主句之间是转折关系，且根据主句“several factors are regularly recognized”可推知，画线词所在的从句表示“尽管现有文献对造成食物荒漠这个问题的根本原因尚未达成共识”，a general agreement与画线词意思最相近。故选B项。 11．What are the last two paragraphs mainly about? A．The causes of food deserts. B．Ways to make food choices. C．The problems with transportation. D．Principles of business investment. 答案　A 解析　段落大意题。根据倒数第二段首句“While the existing literature on the lack of accessible，affordable foods has not reached a consensus on the root causes of food deserts，several factors are regularly recognized.”以及倒数第一段首句“Lack of business investment also plays a big part.”可知，最后两段主要讲的是“食物荒漠”的形成原因，故选A项。 Ⅱ.七选五 For people who are planning a trip，a visit to a museum might not be the first thing they think of.After all，there are plenty of ways to appreciate the world’s civilization，gain exciting experiences and spend quality time with family and friends.__1__ Museums are where people learn something new，at every age！Are you interested in something specific？__2__ There，you will find yourself drawn in and inspired！Museums are a fantastic place to learn about a region’s history，scientific achievements，major cultural events，and of course，dinosaurs.They also design exhibitions related to visual arts，industrial innovations and anything that inspires an individual to learn about the past and create new paths to the future. __3__ They will surely be an exciting part of the educational experience with the main purpose to expose children to knowledge of various fields and expand their horizons.To achieve that，museums are working to create meaningful and engaging activities，interactive and knowledge-based. Museums support tourism.They are tourism promoters in small towns and large cities.Museums aren’t a burden on tax revenue (税收) or a separate concern from other city projects.__4__ Statistics show that museums support more than 726,000 jobs in America. Museums shape communities.They have activities and exhibitions through which visitors can learn about local history.Museums are places where a shared heritage is celebrated and a collective identity is formed.They provide an interesting public space where people meet and talk to each other.__5__ A．Museums bring out the best qualities in children. B．Museums often deliver kids-centered exhibitions. C．Instead，they generate funding and fuel employment. D．Then，visit a local museum to learn about that subject. E．Even shopping at the gift shop there is an opportunity for connection. F．On the contrary，they consume a small percentage of city funds annually. G．The fact，however，is that museums offer magical benefits in many ways. 1．答案　G 解析　根据上文“For people who are planning a trip，a visit to a museum might not be the first thing they think of.After all，there are plenty of ways to appreciate...”可知，此处提到人们在计划旅行时有很多选择，博物馆可能不是人们的首选地址，G项“The fact，however，is that museums offer magical benefits in many ways.”中的however表明，其实去博物馆有许多益处，此处点明本文的主题且衔接下文。故选G项。 2．答案　D 解析　根据上文“Museums are where people learn something new，at every age！Are you interested in something specific？”可知，可以去博物馆观看感兴趣的东西；D项“Then，visit a local museum to learn about that subject.”中的that subject指代上文的something specific，衔接上下文。故选D项。 3．答案　B 解析　空处位于段首，为本段中心句。根据下文“They will surely be an exciting part of the educational experience with the main purpose to expose children to knowledge of various fields and expand their horizons.”可知，博物馆可以让孩子们受到教育，B项“博物馆经常举办以儿童为中心的展览”能够概括本段内容。故选B项。 4．答案　C 解析　根据上文“Museums support tourism...Museums aren’t a burden on tax revenue(税收)．..projects.”可知，本段涉及博物馆对城市旅游业的推动；C项“Instead，they generate funding and fuel employment.”与上文为转折关系，并呼应下文“Statistics show that museums support more than 726,000 jobs in America.”。故选C项。 5．答案　E 解析　根据上文“Museums shape communities.They have activities and exhibitions...”可知，本段涉及博物馆塑造社区的功能，博物馆作为一个公共空间，人们可以相互交流；E项“即使是在礼品店购物，也有机会建立联系”呼应本段主题。故选E项。 高考题型组合练(2) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A A medical emergency can happen anywhere at any time.Taking a brief moment to seek help is often the best first response.But before an ambulance can get to the scene，the immediate first aid attendance to anyone who is injured seriously makes a difference between life and death.Life Saver Team has been providing CPR(心肺复苏术) and first aid training since 2009.Here are a few of their most popular courses： CPR AED It is a course that teaches the basic techniques of CPR and the use of an AED (自动体外除颤器)．This course teaches skills with research-proven techniques. ·Course length：2 hours ·Price：$50 (Sign up for a first aid course for an additional $30) Upon completion of this course，students will receive an American Heart Association Heart Saver CPR AED Course Completion Card that is valid(有效的) for two years. Basic Life Support This is a course designed to provide a wide variety of healthcare professionals with the ability to recognize several life-threatening emergencies，provide CPR，and relieve choking in a timely manner. ·Course length：4 hours ·Price：$60 (Sign up for a first aid course for an additional $30) The American Heart Association BLS for Healthcare Provider Course Completion Card is valid for two years. First Aid It is a course that teaches students critical skills to manage an emergency in the first few minutes until emergency medical services arrive.Students learn skills such as how to treat bleeding，and other first aid emergencies. ·Course length：2 hours ·Price：$45 Upon completion of this course，students will receive an American Heart Association Heart Saver First Aid Course Completion Card that is valid for two years. 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了由Life Saver Team提供的三种不同类型的相关急救课程。 1．What should be often done first in a medical emergency? A．Providing professional first aid. B．Asking for help at once. C．Taking the injured to the hospital. D．Leaving the scene as soon as possible. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段的“Taking a brief moment to seek help is often the best first response.”可知，在医疗紧急情况发生时，迅速寻求帮助通常是最好的第一反应，故选B。 2．How much does it cost if a person wants to learn about CPR and AED? A．$50. B．$30. C．$60. D．$45. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据CPR AED部分中的“Price：$50”可知，如果一个人想学习心肺复苏术和AED需要花费$50，故选A。 3．What do the listed courses have in common? A．They are available online. B．They are for all individuals. C．They take the same amount of time. D．They include a two-year AHA certificate. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据CPR AED部分的“Upon completion of this course，students will receive an American Heart Association Heart Saver CPR AED Course Completion Card that is valid(有效的)for two years.”和Basic Life Support部分的“The American Heart Association BLS for...is valid for two years.”以及First Aid部分的“Upon completion of this course，students will receive...that is valid for two years.”可知，学习完三种课程都可获得由美国心脏协会(American Heart Association)颁发的有效期为两年的证书。故选D。 B On Mondays，two of my children get ready for school in an unusual way.Each packs plenty of food and water，a pair of rubber boots and sometimes a cup of hot chocolate.Then，I drop them off at a nearby park where they spend the entire day outside at a certified forest school. When I first signed them up for forest school program，I loved the idea，but as a mum，I was concerned about a few things：Would they be comfortable outside for that long？Would they stay engaged for that many hours？Then I asked them if time ever seemed to move slowly，they stared at me in confusion.They didn’t understand my question，which fittingly removed it. In this program，kids direct their own play，climbing tall trees or testing ice on the frozen lake.They are never told their play is too high or too sharp，but are rather trusted to self-adjust.Something else my sons appreciate about forest school is not being told to move on to the next activity，but being left to stay in a particular spot for as long as their curiosity allows. “What about all the things they’re missing in real school？” concerned parents have asked me.Neither of their classroom teachers thinks it’s a problem，but most significantly，my kids are learning new and different skills that a classroom cannot teach.They are learning to sit silently and observe nature up close—a skill that’s virtually impossible to develop in a noisy and overcrowded classroom setting.They are making social connections across a broader range of age groups.They cooperate together，using their different sizes and strengths to fulfill various roles within their games. I appreciate it that forest school is shaping my boys’ relationship with the outdoors.They’re learning how to spend extended periods of time in nature，what to do to pass the time，and developing knowledge that will get them much closer to nature in the coming decades. 语篇解读　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要介绍了作者送孩子们在一所认证的森林学校度过一整天，在那里孩子们接近大自然，能学到很多在校内学不到的技能。 4．What is special about the forest school program? A．Teachers engage in kids’ play. B．Kids play and learn outdoors. C．It focuses on nature protection. D．It offers various food and drinks. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Then，I drop them off at a nearby park where they spend the entire day outside at a certified forest school.”以及第三段中的“In this program，kids direct their own play，climbing tall trees or testing ice on the frozen lake.”可知，这个森林学校项目的特殊之处在于孩子们在户外玩耍和学习。故选B。 5．How did the author feel about kids’ reaction to her question? A．Awkward. B．Concerned. C．Relieved. D．Proud. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Then I asked them if time ever seemed to move slowly，they stared at me in confusion.They didn’t understand my question，which fittingly removed it.”可知，孩子们对作者的问题感到很迷惑，这也消除了作者的担忧，由此可知，见到孩子们的这种反应，作者感到宽慰。故选C。 6．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．The concerns caused by the program. B．The benefits gained from role plays. C．The skills acquired by children. D．The games loved by teachers. 答案　C 解析　段落大意题。根据第四段中的主题句“Neither of their classroom teachers thinks it’s a problem，but most significantly，my kids are learning new and different skills that a classroom cannot teach.”以及后面内容可知，第四段主要讨论孩子们在森林学校学到的技能。故选C。 7．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Nature：a Wonderland for the Young B．Forest School Program Proves a Hit C．Parks Are Replacing Traditional Schools D．Forest School：a Fine Place for My Kids 答案　D 解析　标题归纳题。综合分析全文可知，作者介绍了一所森林学校的特殊之处，以及孩子们在那里能学到许多在校内学不到的技能，作者感激森林学校可以塑造孩子与户外的关系，所以D项“Forest School：a Fine Place for My Kids”能概括文章的主题。故选D。 Ⅱ.完形填空 Chick-fil-A is known for their incredible customer service.But the restaurants often find special ways to __1__ in times of crisis，too.And this North Carolina Chick-fil-A helped Hurricane Florence relief __2__ by opening its doors on Sunday. You’ll always hear “My pleasure” from Chick-fil-A __3__ when they serve you.And the Wilmington，North Carolina Chick-fil-A，owned by Donovan and Nikki Carless，was quick to serve locals on Sunday after Hurricane Florence left thousands of people __4__. By then，the hurricane had already __5__ the lives of 43 people.Rescue missions __6__ around 5,000 people from dangerous conditions.And the Governor of North Carolina，Roy Cooper，announced that floodwaters were still a(n) __7__ to the state. With this in mind，the restaurant owners asked their employees who would be __8__ to serve food on Sunday.It’s a day the company usually closes.But on this particular Sunday，the doors opened and served the miserable __9__. According to ABC News 11，the team __10__ the opportunity to help.__11__ the Red Cross，the team was able to give 500 sandwiches and 1,200 biscuits at three different __12__.Other fast-food chains also __13__ in rescue work.And this is __14__ what community is all about.In times like these，it’s always __15__ to see businesses put their bottom dollar aside and instead look to see how they can give back. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了快餐连锁店Chick­fil­A在周日开门帮助救援在飓风“佛罗伦萨”中受灾的灾民的故事。 1．A.remain B．respond C．reflect D．refresh 答案　B 解析　根据下文“And this North Carolina Chick-fil-A helped Hurricane Florence relief ______ by opening its doors on Sunday.”可知，Chick-fil-A在危难开头也经常能找到特殊的方法作出反应。故选B。 2．A.effort B．fund C．supplies D．staff 答案　A 解析　根据下文“serve locals on Sunday after Hurricane Florence...”可知，Chick-fil-A 周日开门营业，帮助佛罗伦萨飓风后的救援工作。relief effort指的是救援工作。故选A。 3．A.leaders B．residents C．colleagues D．employees 答案　D 解析　根据下文“when they serve you”可知，此处指的是 Chick-fil-A 的雇员。故选D。 4．A.motionless B．fearless C．homeless D．speechless 答案　C 解析　根据常识可知，此处指飓风使成千上万人无家可归。故选C。 5．A.claimed B．lost C．confirmed D．dominated 答案　A 解析　claim(灾难﹑事故等)夺去(生命)；lose丢失；confirm证实；dominate支配，控制。根据句中“the lives of 43 people”可知，此处指飓风夺走了43人的生命。故选A。 6．A.hid B．separated C．recovered D．distinguished 答案　C 解析　根据句中“from dangerous conditions”可知，此处指将大约5 000人从危险的环境中救出。recover 指“找回；寻回；找到”，符合语境。故选C。 7．A.warning B．threat C．reminder D．interruption 答案　B 解析　根据下文“With this in mind，the restaurant owners asked their employees who would be ______ to serve food on Sunday.”可推知，洪水对该州来说仍然是威胁。故选B。 8．A.proud B．reliable C．curious D．willing 答案　D 解析　根据下文“It’s a day the company usually closes.”可推知，此处指餐馆老板询问了谁愿意在周日来餐厅为难民提供食物。故选D。 9．A.victims B．villagers C．rescuers D．attackers 答案　A 解析　根据常识可知，在灾难面前，人们是受害者。故选A。 10．A.opened up B．waited for C．benefited from D．jumped at 答案　D 解析　open up开放；wait for等待；benefit from从……中受益；jump at欣然接受。根据上文可知，餐馆老板询问了谁愿意在周日来餐厅为难民提供食物，此处指员工们欣然接受了这个提供帮助的机会。故选D。 11．A.In command of B．In reward for C．In association with D．In contrast to 答案　C 解析　in command of指挥；in reward for作为报答；in association with联合；in contrast to与……对比。根据句意可知，此处指该团队与红十字会联合。故选C。 12．A.companies B．habitats C．shelters D．settlements 答案　C 解析　结合上文提到飓风“佛罗伦萨”导致数千人无家可归可知，该团队和红十字会联合，在三个不同的避难处提供三明治和饼干。故选C。 13．A.engaged B．delighted C．succeeded D．invested 答案　A 解析　根据also可推知，此处指其他快餐连锁店也参与了救援工作。engage (sb) in(使某人)参加或从事某事。故选A。 14．A.merely B．surely C．probably D．truly 答案　D 解析　根据上文“...the team was able to give 500 sandwiches and 1,200 biscuits at three different ________.Other fast-food chains also...”可知，这就是社区的真正意义所在。故选D。 15．A.challenging B．inspiring C．astonishing D．puzzling 答案　B 解析　challenging具有挑战性的；inspiring鼓舞人心的；astonishing令人惊讶的；puzzling令人困惑的。通读全文可知，在类似这样的时刻，看到企业不顾自己的利益转而寻求如何回报社会的行为是令人鼓舞的。故选B。 Ⅲ.语法填空 A robot has been taught to laugh at jokes to make it more human.Researchers are using AI to train robots about appropriate laughter，and 1.____________(distinguish) between chuckles and screams. They described 2.____________(work)with a robot called Erica in the hope of making a conversation more natural.“We think that one of the most important 3.____________(function) of conversational AI is sympathy，” said Dr Koji Inoue，a professor.“A conversation is，of course，multimodal，not just responding correctly.So we decided that one way a robot can empathize(共情) with users is to share their laughter,4.________ you cannot do with a text-based chatbot.” Creating a “5.____________(share) laughter” model，the researchers used AI to help detect laughter and decide whether to laugh and what kind of laughter would be 6.____________(good)．Four short dialogues between real people and Erica 7.____________(use) to test the system，which performed well. However，the experts said there is more work to do to create 8.____________(true) natural laughter situations. Dr Inoue said，“The robot should actually have 9.____________ distinct character，and it can show this character through its conversational behaviors，such as laughing，eye gaze，gestures and speaking styles.It may well take more than 10 to 20 years before we can finally have a casual chat 10.____________ a robot like we would with a friend.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍研究人员正在使用人工智能来训练机器人发出适当的笑声。 1．答案　to distinguish 解析　考查非谓语动词。train sth to do sth“训练某物做某事”。此处指训练机器人区分轻声笑和尖叫，不定式结构在此作宾语补足语。故填to distinguish。 2．答案　working 解析　考查非谓语动词。describe doing sth“描述做某事”。故填working。 3．答案　functions 解析　考查名词的数。one of ＋名词复数“……之一”。故填functions。 4．答案　which 解析　考查定语从句。指代前面的一句话，用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。 5．答案　shared 解析　考查形容词。名词laughter与share之间为被动关系，所以前用-ed形式形容词修饰。故填shared。 6．答案　better 解析　考查形容词的比较级。结合句意可知，此处表示“什么样的笑会更好”，所以用形容词比较级形式。故填better。 7．答案　were used 解析　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句中时态可知，用一般过去时。主语Four short dialogues为复数，与use之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填were used。 8．答案　truly 解析　考查副词。形容词natural前用副词作状语。故填truly。 9．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。名词character为可数名词，此处表泛指，且形容词distinct发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 10．答案　with 解析　考查介词。a chat with“和……的聊天”。故填with。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $