必修第三册 UNIT 9 LEARNING（教师用书word）-【步步高】2025年高考英语大一轮复习讲义（北师大版）

Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意 1．geometry n．几何(学) 2．outer adj.外部的，外面的 3．dinosaur n．恐龙 4．data n．资料；数据 5．sufficient adj.充足的 6．input n．输入；投入 7．chunk n．语块 8．odd adj.奇特的 9．soccer n．(美)足球 10．subway n．(美)地铁 11．photographic adj.详细准确的；照片的；摄影的 12．digit n．(0～9的任何一个)数字 13．pi (π) n．圆周率 14．helicopter n．直升机 15．curve n．曲线，弧线 16．periodically adv.定期地 17．seafood n．海鲜 18．gender n．性别 19．identical adj.完全相同的；非常相似的 20．comic adj.滑稽的，好笑的n.连环漫画 Ⅱ.重点单词——记形 1．approach n．方法 2．partner n．搭档，同伴 3．inner adj.内部的 4．impression n．印象；感想 5．classic adj.经典的 6．strategy n．策略；战略；规划 7．effectively adv.有效地 8．beyond prep.超出……范围 9．recommend vt.推荐；建议 10．novel n．小说 11．normally adv.通常，平常 12．context n．上下文；语境；背景 13．acquire vt.学习，获得(知识，技能) 14．worldwide adj.& adv.遍及世界的；在全世界 15．childhood n．童年，儿童时代 16．emotional adj.情感上的；情绪上的 17．publish vt.& vi.出版；发表；刊登 18．timely adj.适时的，及时的 19．cell n．细胞 20．technique n．技巧，手法 21．journal n．日记，日志 22．moreover adv.此外，而且 23．gap n．(大的)差距，差额，差别 24．fiction n．小说 25．outcome n．结果，后果 Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变 1．reflect vi.& vt.仔细思考；表达(意见)；反映→reflection n．反映；映像；思考；反射；沉思→reflective adj.沉思的；深思的 2．argue vi.争论，争吵→argument n．争吵；争论；辩论 3．assume vt.认为；假定，假设→assuming conj.假设，假定→assumption n．假定，假设 4．automatic adj.自动的；无意识的→automatically adv.无意识地；自动地 5．flexible adj.灵活的，可变通的→flexibly adv.灵活地→flexibility n．柔韧性；灵活性 6．promote vt.促进，增进→promotion n．促进，增进 7．unlikely adj.不大可能的→likely adj.可能的 8．exist vi.存在；实际上有→existing adj.(只用于名词前)现存的；现有的→existence n．存在 9.ignore vt.忽视；置之不理→ignorant adj.无知的；不了解的→ignorance n．无知 10．simplified adj.简化了的→simplify v．简化→simple adj.简单的→simply adv.简单地；朴素地；仅仅 11．unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的，不了解的→familiar adj.熟悉的，了解的→familiarity n．熟悉；通晓 12．memorise vt.记住；熟记→memory n．记忆力；回忆 13．arrangement n．计划；安排→arrange v．计划；安排 14．excitement n．兴奋，激动→excite v．刺激，使……兴奋→excited adj.激动的→exciting adj.令人激动的 15．sharp adj.急剧的，猛烈的；尖的，锋利的→sharply adv.急剧地，猛烈地；锋利地→sharpen v．(使)变锋利 16．surfing n．冲浪→surf v．冲浪 17．evidence n．证据，证明→evident adj.明显的→evidently adv.明显地，显然地 18．expose vt.使接触；使体验→exposed adj.无遮蔽的；无保护的；易受攻击的→exposure n．接触；暴露 1．theorize/'θiəraIz/vi.& vt.建立理论；从理论上说明 2．exert/Iɡ'zɜːt/vt.施加(影响力)；运用(权力) 3．healing/'hiːlIŋ/n.自然疗法；痊愈，康复 4．notably/'nəʊtəbli/adv.格外地；特别地；明显地 5．contagious/kən'teIdʒəs/adj.富于感染力的，会蔓延的 6．convert/kən'vɜːt/vi.& vt.转换；改建；使转变 7．rotate/rəʊ'teIt/vi.& vt.(使)旋转，(使)转动 8．ridiculous/rI'dIkjələs/adj.荒唐的，可笑的；愚蠢的→ridicule/'rIdIkjuːl/n.嘲笑，奚落 9．offensive/ə'fensIv/adj.无礼的，冒犯的，令人恼火的 10．weird/wIəd/adj.古怪的，奇异的 11．embed/Im'bed/vi.& vt.(使)嵌入；把……插入 12．invert/In'vɜːt/vt.使倒置；使反向 Ⅳ.背核心短语 1．brush up (on)温习，复习 2．reflect on思考 3．argue with争吵 4．end up doing最后；最终 5．work out弄懂某事物；计算出 6．in short总而言之；简单地说 7．attempt to尝试 8．at the heart of...在……的中心 9．be based on...以……为根据 10．be honoured to do sth很荣幸做某事 11．in one way or another不管怎样 12．as a result作为结果 13．take it easy放轻松 14．cannot help doing sth忍不住做某事 15．find out发现；查明 16．in the way挡某人的道；妨碍某人 Ⅴ.悟经典句式 1．Your inner voice expresses your personal opinions，while the outer voice tells you about opinions from what you hear or read.(while 连接并列分句) 你内心的声音表达了你的个人意见，而外部的声音告诉你关于你听到或者读到的观点。 2．If you find your inner voice difficult to control，you can argue with it as most active learners do.(动词＋宾语＋宾补＋to do) 如果你发现自己内心的声音难以控制，你可以像大多数主动学习者那样和它争论。 3．Be flexible in your opinions and you might end up agreeing with the speaker/writer after all.(祈使句＋and＋陈述句) 灵活处理你的意见，你最终可能会同意说话人或者作者的观点。 4．If not，at least you have “listened to” another point of view.(if省略结构) 如果没有，至少你已经“听过”了另一种观点。 5．It is true that we cannot help disliking some people—this is human nature，after all.(cannot help doing...忍不住做……) 确实，我们难免会讨厌某些人——毕竟这是人的本性。 6．The PISA study has helped show a clear pattern in genders when it comes to reading.(when it comes to...) 当谈到阅读时，国际学生评估项目(PISA)的研究帮助展示了一个清晰的性别方面的模式。 默写练习(一) Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共5分) 1．outer adj.外部的，外面的 2．dinosaur n．恐龙 3．data n．资料；数据 4．sufficient adj.充足的 5．input n．输入；投入 Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共22分) 1．approach n．方法 2．partner n．搭档，同伴 3．inner adj.内部的 4．impression n．印象；感想 5．classic adj.经典的 6．strategy n．策略；战略；规划 7．effectively adv.有效地 8．beyond prep.超出……范围 9．recommend vt.推荐；建议 10. novel n．小说 11．normally adv.通常，平常 Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共12分) 1．argue vi.争论，争吵→argument n．争吵；争论；辩论 2．assume vt.认为；假定，假设→assuming conj.假设，假定→assumption n．假定，假设 3．automatic adj.自动的；无意识的→automatically adv.无意识地；自动地 4．flexible adj.灵活的，可变通的→flexibly adv.灵活地→flexibility n．柔韧性；灵活性 5．promote vt.促进，增进→promotion n．促进，增进 6．ignore vt.忽视；置之不理→ignorant adj.无知的；不了解的→ignorance n．无知 Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分) 1．theorize vi.& vt.建立理论；从理论上说明 2．contagious adj.富于感染力的，会蔓延的 3．convert vi.& vt.转换；改建；使转变 4．embed vi.& vt.(使)嵌入；把……插入 5．ridiculous adj.荒唐的，可笑的；愚蠢的 Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分) 1．brush up (on) 温习，复习 2．reflect on思考 3．end up doing最后；最终 4．in short总而言之；简单地说 5．at the heart of...在……的中心 Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共16分) 1．White clouds and green mountains are reflected in the lake，and the reflection is really beautiful.(reflect) 2．This is an automatic machine which can operate automatically as soon as you press the button.(automatic) 3．It is likely that he doesn’t like such parties，so he is unlikely to come this evening.(likely) 4．The old man wasn’t ignoring the sign on purpose.In fact，he was totally ignorant of traffic rules，so why not forgive his ignorance？(ignore) 5．As people grow old，their memory will decline and they will find it difficult to memorise what seems easy when they were children.(memory) 6．If you simplify the problem by simply paying attention to the most important part，it will be much simpler.(simple) 7．There still exists a difficult problem that we should prove the existence of the mysterious animal.(exist) 8．Seeing the unfamiliar people around me，I extremely missed all the people and things that were familiar to me.(familiar) Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分) 1．His head teacher attempted to contact him yesterday evening，but he couldn’t get through. 2．It’s no use arguing with him because he is constantly shifting his opinions. 3．Reflecting on what we have learned before can make us learn better and more efficiently. 4．Decisions about your optional courses should be based on your hobbies and interests. 5．I will spend at least two hours working out all of these challenging math problems. Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题5分，共15分) 1．我擅长英语，而我哥哥则在数学方面表现得很好。(while 连接并列分句) I am good at English while my brother performs well in mathematics. 2．让我们沮丧的是我们发现这篇文章很难读懂。(find＋宾语＋宾补＋to do) What made us frustrated was that we found the passage difficult to understand. 3. 你还了从图书馆借的书了吗？如果没有，请尽快归还，否则你会被罚款。(if省略结构) Have you returned the books borrowed from the library？If not，please return them soon，or you will get fined. 默写练习(二) Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共7分) 1．odd adj.奇特的 2．soccer n．(美)足球 3．subway n．(美)地铁 4．helicopter n．直升机 5．seafood n．海鲜 6．gender n．性别 7．identical adj.完全相同的；非常相似的 Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共20分) 1．acquire vt.学习，获得(知识，技能) 2．childhood n．童年，儿童时代 3．publish vt.& vi.出版；发表；刊登 4．timely adj.适时的，及时的 5．cell n．细胞 6．technique n．技巧，手法 7．journal n．日记，日志 8．moreover adv.此外，而且 9．gap n．(大的)差距，差额，差别 10．outcome n．结果，后果 Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共10分) 1．arrangement n．计划；安排→arrange v．计划；安排 2．excitement n．兴奋，激动→excite v．刺激，使……兴奋→excited adj.激动的→exciting adj.令人激动的 3．sharp adj.急剧的，猛烈的；尖的，锋利的→sharply adv.急剧地，猛烈地；锋利地→sharpen v．(使)变锋利 4．evidence n．证据，证明→evident adj.明显的→evidently adv.明显地，显然地 5．expose vt.使接触；使体验→exposed adj.无遮蔽的；无保护的；易受攻击的→exposure n．接触；暴露 Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分) 1．exert vt.施加(影响力)；运用(权力) 2．notably adv.格外地；特别地；明显地 3．weird adj.古怪的，奇异的 4．offensive adj.无礼的，冒犯的，令人恼火的 5．invert vt.使倒置；使反向 Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分) 1．as a result作为结果 2．take it easy放轻松 3．cannot help doing sth忍不住做某事 4．find out 发现；查明 5．in the way 挡某人的道；妨碍某人 Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题3分，共18分) 1．The boy is interested in surfing from an early age and surfs in the sea twice a week.(surf) 2．When hearing the exciting news，all of us jumped up excitedly.Our teacher also shouted with excitement.(excite) 3．We have arranged for an experienced driver to pick him up at the airport，but he is not satisfied with the arrangement.(arrange) 4．It is evident that he has committed a serious crime and it is no use providing evidence to prove his innocence.(evidence) 5．If exposed to the sun for a long time，the cloth will fade，so we need to avoid such exposure.(expose) 6．Her brother sharpened his knife so that it was sharp enough to cut branches.(sharp) Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分) 1．The migration of health workers has a great effect on all countries in one way or another. 2．Finding out whether life of some kind exists on Mars is what scientists are working on. 3．Take it easy！Everything will be fine with time going by and what we should do now is work hard. 4．I was honoured to be invited to your evening party and I promised to arrive punctually. 5．She was badly injured in the car accident and as a result，it would be long before she recovered. Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题5分，共15分) 1．听到这个好消息，他不禁发出了一声欢呼。(can’t help doing...) When hearing the good news，he couldn’t help letting out a cry of joy. 2．当谈到是什么造就了成功的人时，每个人都可能有自己的看法。(When it comes to...) When it comes to what makes a successful person，everyone may have his own opinion. 3．每天做适当的锻炼，你就会变得更健康、更强壮。(祈使句＋and＋陈述句) Take a proper amount of exercise every day，and you will become healthier and stronger. When it comes to techniques of learning English，I first recommend that you 1.(should) have(have) a strategy and work out a flexible plan.But don’t ignore the approach to the problem,2.which is suitable for you，when you are in trouble.Your partner may normally 3.memorise(memory) words effectively at night 4.while/but you are sharp in the morning.As a result，you had better attempt 5.to promote(promote) your vocabulary and brush up on unfamiliar words the moment you get up.Moreover，you should make 6.arrangements(arrangement) to reflect on 7.what you have learned periodically or get timely help from your teachers.What hits me last is 8.being exposed(expose) to more English classic fiction or novels.Lastly，why not guess the meanings of chunks 9.based(base) on contexts and keep journals to turn input into output? In short，take it easy.In one way or another，you can acquire sufficient knowledge as long as you work hard.As a result，you will 10.gradually(gradual) narrow the gap and end up with a good outcome. 提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇 approach v．接近，靠近；接洽；着手处理n.接近；方法；途径 •approach sth/sb接近某物/某人 with...approaching在……快到的时候 •an approach to (doing) sth(做某事的)方法/途径 (1)(读后续写之动作链描写)简颤抖着站起来，向丈夫走去，扑进他的怀里，在他的肩膀上哭个不停。 Jane got to her feet shakily，approached her husband and threw herself into his arms，sobbing uncontrollably on his shoulder. (2)根据上面的表格，可以看出不同的学生使用不同的课外英语学习方法。(2022·全国乙，书面表达) Based on the above chart，it can be seen that different approaches to learning English beyond the classroom are used by different students. (3)(读后续写之心理描写)在汽车快到Brunswick时，Vingo浑身颤抖，如坐针毡。(with的复合结构) With the bus approaching Brunswick，Vingo shook all over，feeling like sitting on pins and needles. reflect v．映照；反射；仔细思考；表达(意见)；反映(reflection n．反射；反映；映像；沉思；想法) •reflect...in...在……中映出……的影像 reflect on/upon sth反省/认真思考某事 •on reflection再三考虑 (1)My teacher patted me on the shoulder，saying，“Your wonderful performance in the writing contest is a reflection(reflect) of your constant hard work and strong will.” (2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写) (2)Her beautiful face which she felt proud of was reflected in the mirror. (3)大卫低着头，静静地坐在地上，反思我刚才对他说的话。(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写) ①David lowered his head，sat on the ground quietly and reflected on/upon what I had said to him just now.(reflect v．) ②David lowered his head and sat on the ground quietly，reflecting on/upon what I had said to him just now.(现在分词短语作状语) assume vt.假定(设)；设想；认为(assumption n．假定；设想；担任assuming conj.假设；假定) •assume sb/sth to be...认为某人(事)…… It is assumed that...人们认为…… •on the assumption that...假定…… •assuming that...假定……(引导条件状语从句) (1)All of us students assume the Internet-based talk about how to improve English writing effectively to be(be) beneficial and meaningful.(2022·北京，书面表达) (2)(话题写作之学校生活)假如我被选为学生会主席，我将组织更多丰富多彩的课外活动以丰富我们的学校生活。 On the assumption that/Assuming that I am chosen to be chairman of the Student Council，I will organize more colorful after-class activities to enrich our school life. (3)(话题写作之茶文化)People assume that drinking Chinese tea can not only refresh ourselves but also strengthen our memory. →It is assumed that not only can drinking Chinese tea refresh ourselves but it can also strengthen our memory.(用It is assumed that...；not only...but also...的倒装句改写) recommend vt.建议；推荐；介绍(recommendation n．推荐；提议；建议；推荐信) recommend doing sth建议做某事 recommend sb to do sth建议某人做某事 recommend that sb (should) do sth建议某人做某事 recommend sth to sb向某人推荐某物 recommend sb as...推荐某人担任…… (1)(应用文写作之推荐人)I am writing to recommend Tom，who has published a few academic papers，as your assistant.I would appreciate it if you could take my recommendation(recommend) into consideration. (2)(应用文写作之推荐景点)我强烈推荐的旅游胜地是位于山东省中部的泰山。 The tourist attraction I strongly recommend is Mount Tai located in the middle of Shandong Province. (3)(应用文写作之建议信)此外，我的英语老师建议我复习和反思所学的知识。 Moreover，my English teacher recommends brushing up on and reflecting on/upon what I have learned/recommends me to brush up on and reflect on/upon what I have learned/recommends that I (should) brush up on and reflect on/upon what I have learned. arrangement n．计划，安排；筹备(常用复数形式)(arrange v．筹备；安排；整理) •make arrangements/an arrangement for...为……做安排 •arrange to do sth安排去做某事 arrange for sb to do sth安排某人做某事 (1)The professor arranged for a student to meet(meet) his new partner at the subway station，who was unfamiliar with the city. (2)Our Spoken English Club arranges to watch(watch) an English film from 16：00 to 17：00 at our school theatre on a weekly basis.(2022·天津6月，书面表达) (3)(应用文写作之告知信)你能提前告知我你的计划，以便我能为你的到访做相应的安排吗？ Will you please inform me of your plan in advance，so that I can make arrangements for your visit accordingly? expose vt.使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于(险境)(exposure n．接触；暴露；揭露) expose...to...使……暴露于……；使……体验…… be exposed to暴露于；接触 (1)In short，there is sufficient evidence indicating that there is a direct link between exposure(expose) to sun and skin cancer. (2)Exposed/Being exposed(expose) to the completely unfamiliar surroundings，I was overwhelmed by a sense of loneliness. (3)(应用文写作之申请信)我从小就接触外教，因此，我能够用英语和外国人自由交流。 ①I have been exposed to/have exposed myself to foreign teachers since a young age，so I can communicate freely with foreigners in English. ②Having been exposed to/Having exposed myself to foreign teachers since a young age，I can communicate freely with foreigners in English.(用现在分词短语作状语改写) end up doing最后；最终 end (up) with...以……结束/告终(常接表具体事物的名词) end (up) in以……告终；结果为……(强调结局) end up as...最后成为…… (1)I don’t like the writer，whose novels normally end up with tragedies. (2)You’ll end up in failure if you don’t take advantage of the advanced techniques. (3)通过暑假的努力，我最终掌握了摄影的基本技能，我希望将来我最终能成为一名摄影师。(2023·全国乙，书面表达) Through hard work during the summer vacation，I ended up grasping basic skills in photography and I do hope that I can end up as a photographer in the future. as a result作为结果 •as a result of由于；作为……的结果 • result in导致；造成；结果是…… result from由……引起，由于 (1)Our inactive participation results from the boring topics in the oral English class.(2023·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作) ＝The boring topics in the oral English class result in our inactive participation. (2)一只鸟的啁啾声引起了我的注意，于是我偷偷溜进了那间废弃的牛奶房。这只鸟被困在蜘蛛网里动弹不得。(2023·浙江1月，读后续写) The chirps of a bird attracted my attention and as a result，I sneaked into the deserted milking house.The bird couldn’t move as a result of being trapped in spider-webs. 动词＋宾语＋宾补＋to do　If you find your inner voice difficult to control，you can argue with it as most active learners do.如果你发现自己内心的声音难以控制，你可以像大多数主动学习者那样和它争论。 在此结构中，常见的动词有find，think，feel，consider，make 等，作宾补的常用的形容词是hard，difficult，easy，comfortable，possible 等。to do 和宾语往往存在逻辑上的动宾关系。 (1)(应用文写作之建议信)如果使用适当的学习策略，我认为学习英语很容易。联系上下文使得新词的意思很容易弄明白。我真希望你会觉得我的建议有用。 I think/consider English easy to learn if proper learning strategies are used.Connecting the context makes the meaning of the new word easy to work out.I do hope that you can find my suggestions useful. (2)起初，我感觉我的搭档很难相处，但是逐渐地我发现了他的热情和耐心。(2022·浙江1月，读后续写) In the beginning，I felt my partner difficult to get along/on with，but gradually I discovered his enthusiasm and patience. if省略结构　If not，at least you have “listened to” another point of view. 如果没有，至少你已经“听过”了另一种观点。 •句中If not为固定省略结构，意为“如果不是这样的话”。 •if构成的其他省略形式： if so假如这样的话 if any即使有(任何)……，如果有的话…… if ever如果曾经有的话 if necessary如果有必要的话 if possible如果可能的话 (1)根据句意，用与if有关的结构完成句子 ①If the steps you take are working，keep them up.If not，take another look at other strategies. ②Ask if the guests are allergic to seafood.If so，change the menu. ③If possible，use accurate data in your journal. ④The climate here is quite pleasant，and the temperature rarely，if ever，reaches 30℃ in summer. (2)If it is necessary，we can meet each other so that we can discuss how to build a Green Beijing.(2023·北京，书面表达) →If necessary，we can meet each other so that we can discuss how to build a Green Beijing.(用省略句改写) 提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇 Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍 1．sharp A．adj.急剧的　B．adj.锋利的　C．adv.整点地　D．adj.急转的；陡的　E．adj.清晰的 F．adj.敏锐的 (1)Recently there has been a sharp decline in interest in gardening throughout the town. A (2)I was approaching a fairly sharp bend that slid downhill to the left. D (3)She planned to unlock the shop at 8：00 sharp this morning. C (4)All the footmarks are quite sharp and clear. E (5)She had her finger cut by a sharp knife by accident while she was cutting potatoes. B (6)I got a seat opposite a middle-aged man with sharp eyes，who kept watching a young woman in a window seat with a little boy on her lap.(2021·北京) F 2．work out (1)I suggested he work out a new plan but he didn’t respond to it. B (2)He recommended working out the difficult problem in a completely new way. D (3)While my brothers are golfing，I usually work out in the gym. A (4)We didn’t plan our art exhibition like this，but it worked out well. C 3．approach (1)InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low-impact” solar development，which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land.(2023·浙江1月) A (2)Human qualities also involve how you think，how you approach problems，and how you break them down；and that takes a lot of algorithmic(算法) design.(2021·天津6月) C (3)The charity approached several stores about giving food aid. D (4)Not seeing or hearing any fire engines approaching，Grant rushed to a side entrance and ran up the stairs.(2020·新课标Ⅱ) E (5)We work out that this is the only approach to the small village. B 4．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思 (1)In one way or another，we argued her into joining us.劝说 (2)Even if this method of timekeeping is novel in its particulars，early agricultural societies also connected time to natural phenomena.(2021·北京)新颖的 (3)We should expose our children to nature as much as possible.使接触 (4)One glance at the damaged car，and he knew that it was beyond repair.不可能 (5)They planned an activity to promote her new book.推销；宣传 Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识 1．With the World Oceans Day approaching(approach)，we students have started to discuss how to protect oceans in our daily life. 2．The solution they proposed was a reflection(reflect) of their attitude to disposable packaging. 3．It is generally assumed that deserts can be transformed into forests if people plant more trees annually. 4．Though many species have disappeared，the discovery of fossils can prove their existence(exist)． 5．The organiser of the activity recommended that we(should) accelerate(accelerate) to arrive at the destination before dusk. 6．If you are not content with our arrangements(arrange)，please tell us so that we can adjust them timely. 7．Exposed(expose) to wind and rain for many years，the quotes on the headstone are hard to read. 8．If you can’t keep a balance between life and work，you may end up accomplishing(accomplish) nothing. 9．As far as I am concerned，the accident resulted from something that occurred unexpectedly. 10.To sum up，whenever I feel nervous about a match，the coach will tell me to take it easy. 11．Have you come up with some ideas？If so，please put up your hands. 12．What worried the officials was that they found the pollutants in the river difficult to remove(remove)． 13．The founder argued all of the participants into working hard to ensure their final success. 14．All the residents in the region attempted to take(take) action immediately，but in vain. 15．I feel greatly honoured to deliver(deliver) a speech with regard to agriculture. (2022·全国乙改编) 学校英文报正在开展以Learning English Beyond the Classroom为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1．学习活动状况描述； 2．简单评论； 3．你的建议。 完成句子 1．如今，随着智能手机和电脑的日益普及，越来越多的学生在课堂之外采用不同的方法学习英语。(approach) 2．根据上面的图表，我们可以很容易地看到，65%的学生认为通过听英文歌曲来学习英语容易，而50%的学生更喜欢看英文电影。(动词＋宾语＋宾补＋to do) 3．总共只有30%的学生接触英语书籍和英语学习网站。(be exposed to) 4．我认为阅读是学习英语最有益的方法。(assume sth to be) 5．不幸的是，由于缺乏自律，一些学生很容易沉迷于网上聊天或玩电脑游戏。(as a result of) 组句成篇 把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。 参考范文 Learning English Beyond the Classroom Nowadays，with the growing popularity of smartphones and computers，an increasing number of students are adopting different approaches to learning English beyond the classroom. According to the above chart，we can easily see that 65% of the students think English easy to learn by listening to English songs while 50% prefer watching English movies.However，altogether only 30% of the students are exposed to English books and English learning websites. I assume reading to be the most beneficial way to learn English.Unfortunately，as a result of a lack of self-discipline，some students are easily addicted to chatting online or playing computer games.Only when we are aware of the importance of reading can we apply ourselves to it.In addition，it’s also urgent for parents and teachers to strengthen their guidance. 教材语料整合 亮词 [情感描写]　excitement；take it easy；be/feel honoured to do；emotional [人物描写]　assume；automatic；flexible；ignore；unfamiliar；memorise；acquire；sharp；reflective [动作描写]　reflect on；argue with；brush up on；expose；work out；attempt to；recommend；input；publish 美句 1.This is because when we experience things for the first time，we often have strong feelings of fear or excitement.(情感描写) 2.Active learners do not judge people based on first impressions or personal feelings.(结尾升华句) 拓展语料积累　情感细节描写：紧张 单词 nervous adj.紧张的　uneasy adj.担忧的，不安的→uneasiness n．担忧，不安　tense adj.紧张的，焦虑的→tension n．紧张，焦虑 词块 be on pins and needles如坐针毡　(have) butterflies in one’s stomach忐忑不安　like ants on a hot pan像热锅上的蚂蚁　be seized/overcome with panic/fear惊慌失措　one’s heart in one’s mouth 心提到嗓子眼 one’s heart races/beats/pounds wildly/violently with fear吓得心怦怦跳　pace restlessly up and down不安地踱来踱去　hands shake手发抖　palms sweat手心出汗　feel one’s throat tight and one’s mouth dry感到喉咙发紧，嘴发干 句型 All students were waiting for their first examination results anxiously，as if on pins and needles.(比喻句) 所有的学生都焦急地等待着他们的第一次考试结果，如坐针毡。 Considering that he would be faced with completely new surroundings，a flood of fear welled up in him.(无灵主语句) 一想到他将面临全新的环境，恐惧的洪流涌上了他的心头。 So nervous did I feel that my throat tightened and my knees weakened.(倒装句) 我感到很紧张，喉咙发紧，膝盖发软。 I knew he didn’t believe me，and every time he looked my way，my heart started pounding wildly with tension.我知道他不相信我，每次他朝我看的时候，我的心都开始紧张得狂跳。 Her stomach was gripped with anxiety，like a volcano erupting inside her.(比喻句) 她的内心充满了焦虑，就像她体内的火山爆发了一样。 His heart beat wildly with uneasiness and his legs trembled.他的心不安地狂跳，两腿发抖。 Anxious and nervous，I had no choice but to put up with what was going on.(形容词短语作状语) 既焦虑又紧张，我别无选择，只能忍受正在发生的事情。 Having butterflies in our stomach，we were all anxiously waiting for the announcement of our learning partners.(分词短语作状语)我们都忐忑不安地等待着我们学习搭档的宣布。 语料运用　主题：学习搭档 ①Having butterflies in our stomach(分词短语作状语)，we were all anxiously waiting for the announcement of our learning partners.I had been looking forward to a female partner who was outgoing and easy to get along with.To my disappointment，I was assigned to work with an extremely serious guy who always wore dark clothes and was always dissatisfied with others’ work.②A flood of uneasiness welled up in me(无灵主语句)．To be honest，③so nervous was I that my throat tightened and my knees trembled uncontrollably(倒装句) whenever speaking to him.I knew he didn’t believe me，and every time he looked my way，my heart started pounding wildly with tension.④Anxious and nervous(形容词短语作状语)，I had no choice but to concentrate on/upon practising speaking English with him.However，I gradually found he actually had a good personality，⑤which erased my anxiety and nervousness(定语从句)．He always reminded me to take it easy and ignore others’ laughter. 我们都忐忑不安地等待着我们的学习搭档的宣布。我一直期待着一个外向、容易相处的女性搭档。令我失望的是，我被分配和一个非常严肃的家伙一起工作，他总是穿着深色的衣服，而且总是对别人的工作不满意。一阵不安涌上我的心头。老实说，每次跟他说话，我都很紧张，以至于我的喉咙发紧，膝盖也不受控制地颤抖。我知道他不相信我，每次他朝我这边看，我的心就开始紧张地狂跳。由于既焦虑又紧张，我别无选择，只能集中精力和他练习说英语。然而，我渐渐发现他其实有好的性格，这消除了我的焦虑和紧张。他总是提醒我放轻松，不要理会别人的笑声。 高考题型组合练1 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A(★) (2024·山东临沂期中) As a language learning enthusiast，I’ve come up with the best apps for learning English from the thousands of mobile apps out there. Best for Pronunciation：ELSA Speak ELSA Speak is probably the best mobile app around for helping you improve your English pronunciation.The app’s greatest strength is its intensive AI feedback，but ELSA also provides mini-training sessions to really perfect your pronunciation.The AI analyzes your recordings based on pronunciation，intonation and fluency and then points out exactly which parts sound inaccurate. Best for Immersing in English Videos：FluentU FluentU is a language learning app that teaches you English through authentic videos like news reports，movie scenes and interviews，with learner tools for all levels.Each clip has interactive subtitles so if you’re not sure what a word means，you can hover over it and get in explanation.The app also gives video examples for each word so you can learn vocabulary in context. Best for Practical Topics：Babbel Babbel has you learn and practice English with realistic conversations that surround things that you’re personally interested in.Lessons are short and consist of written and audio versions of the grammar featured in the lessons.Then you are able to complete practice exercises to solidify your understanding. Best for Fun Beginner Lessons：Lingodeer Lingodeer uses games and short exercises to teach beginner and intermediate English learners.Lingodeer takes a gamified approach to language learning with a goal-oriented curriculum consisting of structured lessons and regular reviews.Lingodeer’s lessons are arranged according to themes，such as sports，weather，parts of the body and shopping. 1．What is the feature of ELSA Speak? A．It analyzes learners’ recordings. B．It provides guidance for learners. C．It gives learners helpful feedback. D．It improves learners’ communication skills. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据Best for Pronunciation：ELSA Speak部分的“The app’s greatest strength is its intensive AI feedback”可知，ELSA Speak的特点是能给学习者有用的反馈。故选C项。 2．Which app provides videos as learning resources? A．FluentU. B．ELSA Speak. C．Babbel. D．Lingodeer. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据Best for Immersing in English Videos：FluentU部分的“FluentU is a language learning app that teaches you English through authentic videos like news reports，movie scenes and interviews”可知，FluentU提供视频作为学习资源。故选A项。 3．What can learners do with the app Lingodeer? A．Design games. B．Study around a theme. C．Structure lessons. D．Take advanced courses. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据Best for Fun Beginner Lessons：Lingodeer部分的“Lingodeer’s lessons are arranged according to themes”可知，学习者使用Lingodeer可以围绕一个主题学习。故选B项。 B Well-known author and Henrico resident Meg Medina，who won the 2019 Newbery Medal，today was named National Ambassador for Young People’s Literature for 2023－2024.Medina’s most recent book，Merci Suárez Plays It Cool，was published in August 2022，concluding her middle-school trilogy(三部曲)．Medina，who has also written picture books and fiction for older teens，will travel throughout the USA，sharing her platform “Cuéntame！：Let’s Talk Books”． Medina will meet with children at every grade level for conversations about the books they love to read，encouraging them to move beyond talking about a book’s title and basic plot points to how it made them feel or how it’s similar—or dissimilar—to their own lives. The ambassador program is mainly sponsored by the Library of Congress.Clay Smith，director of library initiatives for the Library of Congress，says ambassadors have to be able to speak to others about reading and writing and to communicate with children in particular.That’s where Medina shines，he says.“She knows how kids think and how they talk，” Smith says.“She’s able to access what’s happening with kids today.” Smith says that since the turn of the century，there’s been a surge in literature for children，first at the high school level and then during the middle school readers.Additionally，there’re also a larger diversity of authors writing for children，which leads to plotlines and characters that more accurately reflect the country as a whole.“There’s been a push for diversity，” Smith says.“The options should be out there for children to read stories about people who look like them.” Medina agrees children should be empowered to choose the books they want to read for pleasure.She hopes the conversations she has with children about books create the same satisfaction she felt as a child，while encouraging more discussion. 语篇解读　这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了著名作家Meg Medina被任命为2023－2024年度全国青年文学大使，她将走遍美国各地，分享她的平台——“Cuéntame！：Let’s Talk Books”。 4．What are teens mainly expected to focus on during the talks about books? A．The basic plot points of the books. B．Their opinions on the books’ titles. C．Their feelings about the books. D．The main contents of the books. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段“Medina will meet with children at every grade level for conversations about the books they love to read，encouraging them to move beyond talking about a book’s title and basic plot points to how it made them feel or how it’s similar—or dissimilar—to their own lives.”可知，在关于书籍的讨论中，青少年被期待重点关注他们对所读的书的感受，故选C。 5．Why is Medina fit to be the ambassador according to Clay Smith? A．She is able to relate to children. B．She is gifted at writing. C．She takes good care of children. D．She knows a lot of authors. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“Clay Smith，director of library initiatives for the Library of Congress，says ambassadors have to be able to speak to others about reading and writing and to communicate with children in particular.That’s where Medina shines，he says.”以及该段最后两句可推知，Medina适合担任大使的原因是她能和孩子们交往。故选A。 6．What does the underlined word “surge” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Demand. B．Discovery. C．Decrease. D．Growth. 答案　D 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线单词下文和“Additionally，there’re also a larger diversity of authors writing for children，which leads to plotlines and characters that more accurately reflect the country as a whole.”可知，有更多为儿童写作的作家，这说明儿童文学的发展迅猛，由此可推知，画线单词“surge”意为“增加”。故选D。 7．What might make the ambassador program possible? A．Kids’ trouble in choosing books. B．More diverse books for children. C．Children’s demand for good books. D．More impacts of reading on children. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中“Smith says that since the turn of the century，there’s been a surge in literature for children，first at the high school level and then during the middle school readers.Additionally，there’re also a larger diversity of authors writing for children，which leads to plotlines and characters that more accurately reflect the country as a whole.”可推知，儿童文学书籍的增加及多样性使该项目的实施成为可能，故选B。 C(★) (2024·广东佛山质检) Given that the dictionary definition of curiosity is “the desire to know something”，it may be of little surprise that much research has concerned its benefits for education. Consider a study at the University of California at Davis in 2014.The researchers first asked each participant to rate their curiosity about learning the answers to a series of questions，such as “What does the term ‘dinosaur’ actually mean？” The participants then lay in an fMRI brain scanner(扫描仪) while the same questions were presented，followed shortly after by the answers.The participants were then tested on their recollection of the facts an hour later. The effects of curiosity on later recall were striking.When the participants were highly curious about a fact，they were 30% more likely to recall it.And this seemed to correspond to heightened activity in areas of the midbrain that release dopamine(多巴胺)．Dopamine is normally associated with reward，but animal studies suggest that it can also enhance the formation of new neural(神经的) connections.It looked as if the feeling of curiosity was helping prepare the brain to absorb the new and important information，and this then resulted in a more stable memory. Interestingly，the researchers found that the dopamine hit，arising from initial curiosity，could even enhance the memory of incidental information that had no direct relevance to the primary question.To demonstrate this，they had presented random faces alongside the answers to the questions and，an hour later，checked whether the participants still recognized the faces.The analyses showed that the participants were far more likely to remember the face if it had accompanied a question that had awakened their curiosity. This additional，and unexpected，memory boost could be extremely useful whenever we’re trying to learn something new and complicated.We’re unlikely，after all，to find every single element of our studies interesting.But if we can develop some curiosity about at least some of the facts，we may find that the rest of the material also sticks far more easily. 8．Which aspect of curiosity did the study focus on? A．Its scientific definition. B．Its unique characteristics. C．Its influences on memory. D．Its benefits for brain health. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Consider a study at the University of California at Davis in 2014.The researchers...The participants were then tested on their recollection of the facts an hour later.”和第三段中的“The effects of curiosity on later recall were striking.”可推断，这项研究关注的是好奇心对记忆力的影响。故选C。 9．What was the purpose of presenting questions to the participants first? A．To assess their learning ability. B．To awaken their passion for learning. C．To measure their curiosity about the questions. D．To refresh their memory of extinct wild animals. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The researchers first asked each participant to rate their curiosity about learning the answers to a series of questions...”可知，首先向参与者提出问题的目的是要衡量他们对问题的好奇心。rate是关键词，与measure意思相近，指“评估，估量”。故选C。 10．What can be learned about dopamine according to paragraph 3? A．It blocks memory. B．It facilitates learning. C．It promotes friendship. D．It cures neural disorder. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Dopamine is normally associated with reward，..it can also enhance the formation of new neural(神经的) connections.It looked as if the feeling of curiosity was helping prepare the brain to absorb the new and important information，and this then resulted in a more stable memory.”可推断，多巴胺促进新的神经连接的形成，有助于大脑吸收新知识，导致记忆稳定，因此推断它可能有利于学习。故选B。 11．Which message about learning does the unexpected finding deliver? A．Generate interest in study. B．Focus on essential information. C．Make learning materials related. D．Attach importance to memorization. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段“This additional，and unexpected，memory boost could be extremely useful whenever we’re trying to learn something new and complicated...”可知，这个意外的发现表明好奇心可以激发学习兴趣。故选A。 Ⅱ.七选五 The 24-year-old female commander(指挥员) Zhou Chengyu has been a heated topic on Weibo since the Chinese state media highlighted her as one of the women involved in the successful launch of the Chang’e 5 lunar probe(月球探测器) on 24 November.Social media users have been referring to her as a “source of pride” for the country.__1__ Several people jokingly reflected on their own achievements，commenting how far behind in life they were in comparison. Starting in 2004，the Chang’e Programme consists of three stages：“orbiting”，“landing” and “returning”．__2__ In December 2013，the goal of China’s first soft landing on the lunar surface and ground exploration on the Moon was achieved by the lander of Chang’e 3 and Yutu lunar rover.Last year，Chang’e 4 probe made the first-ever soft landing on the far side of the moon. The Chang’e 5 mission is China’s third successful moon landing in seven years.__3__ If it were successful，China would be the third country to bring lunar samples back to Earth after the United States and the Soviet Union. Most Chinese people know the mythological story of Chang’e，the Chinese goddess of the moon.People can’t hear the word “Chang’e” without picturing romantic images of a moon goddess.__4__ And so pictures of Zhou Chengyu have been all over the state media，with comments about how she is a “front-line soldier in the field of aerospace” and a “big sister” that the young Chinese can look up to. However，the huge amount of interest in the native of Guizhou Province has not appeared to have had much of an effect on her.__5__ A．Her story in particular has inspired the public，considering her young age. B．She refused repeated requests for interviews in order to focus on her work. C．However，China has been trying to highlight strong female figures in the country. D．Its aim is to gather lunar rocks and soil to help scientists learn more about the moon. E．Despite her young age，Zhou is now working at the Wenchang Satellite Launch Center. F．For this reason，China’s mission to the moon has been calling for a strong female figure. G．China completed the “orbiting” stage by launching Chang’e 1 and Chang’e 2 lunar probes in 2007 and 2010. 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道，主要报道了与“嫦娥五号”有关的24岁的女航天发射指挥员周承钰的事迹，同时也介绍了我国的“嫦娥工程”。 1．答案　A 解析　根据上文可知，她被称为“中国的骄傲”。再根据下文可知，一些人开始反思自己与周承钰的差距。A项(尤其是考虑到她如此年轻，她的故事令公众感到鼓舞)能够承上启下。故选A。 2．答案　G 解析　根据上文提到始于2004年的嫦娥工程由三个阶段组成和下文提到2013年12月实现了着陆的目标可知，G项(通过2007年发射的“嫦娥一号”和2010年发射的“嫦娥二号”，中国完成了“绕行”这个阶段)符合语境，在时间上承接了上文的2004年，并与下文的2013年呼应。故选G。 3．答案　D 解析　根据上文“‘嫦娥五号’任务是中国在七年内第三次成功登月”和下文“中国将成为继美国和苏联后第三个把月球样本带回地球的国家”可知，D项(它的目标是收集月球岩石和土壤以帮助科学家更多地了解月球)符合语境，承上启下。故选D。 4．答案　F 解析　根据上文人们对嫦娥的浪漫想象和下文提到的周承钰的照片遍及国内媒体可推知，F项(正是这个原因，中国登月的任务一直需要一个有影响力的女性人物)符合语境，选项中的this reason指代上文内容。故选F。 5．答案　B 解析　根据上文“人们对这位贵州本地人的巨大兴趣似乎并没有对她产生多大影响”可推知，B项(为了专注于她的工作，她多次拒绝了采访请求)符合语境，说明了出名没有给她带来很大影响。故选B。 高考题型组合练2 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A(★) (2024·湖北武汉调研) When I mentioned to some friends that we all have accents，most of them proudly replied，“Well，I speak perfect English/Chinese/etc.” But this kind of saying misses the point. More often than not，what we mean when we say someone “has an accent” is that their accent is different from the local one，or that pronunciations are different from our own.But this definition of accents is limiting and could give rise to prejudice.Funnily enough，in terms of the language study，every person speaks with an accent.It is the regular differences in how we produce sounds that define our accents.Even if you don’t hear it yourself，you speak with some sort of accent.In this sense，it’s pointless to point out that someone “has an accent”．We all do! Every person speaks a dialect，too.In the field of language study，a dialect is a version of a language that is characterized by its variations of structure，phrases and words.For instance，“You got eat or not？”(meaning “Have you eaten？”) is an acceptable and understood question in Singapore Oral English.The fact that this expression would cause a standard American English speaker to take pause doesn’t mean that Singapore Oral English is “wrong” or “ungrammatical”．The sentence is well-formed and clearly communicative，according to native Singapore English speakers’ solid system of grammar.Why should it be wrong just because it’s different? We need to move beyond a narrow conception of accents and dialects—for the benefit of everyone. Language differences like these provide insights into people’s cultural experiences and backgrounds.In a global age，the way one speaks is a distinct part of one’s identity.Most people would be happy to talk about the cultures behind their speech.We’d learn more about the world we live in and make friends along the way. 语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。每个人都有口音。从这个意义上说，指出某人“有口音”是毫无意义的。语言差异可以帮助人们洞察他人的文化经历和背景，因此我们要欣赏口音和方言的价值。 1．What does the author think of his/her friends’ response in paragraph 1? A．It reflects their self confidence. B．It reflects their language levels. C．It misses the point of communication. D．It misses the real meaning of accents. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段的“But this kind of saying misses the point.”并结合第二段的“But this definition of accents is limiting and could give rise to prejudice.”可知，作者认为他/她朋友的这种回答忽略了口音的真正含义。故选D。 2．Why does the author use the example of Singapore Oral English? A．To justify the use of dialects. B．To show the diversity of dialects. C．To correct a grammatical mistake. D．To highlight a traditional approach. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段的“The sentence is well-formed and clearly communicative...Why should it be wrong just because it’s different？”可知，作者认为不能因为它不同就认为它是错的。所以作者使用新加坡口语的例子是为了证明使用方言的合理性。故选A。 3．What does the author recommend us to do in the last paragraph? A．Learn to speak with your local dialect. B．Seek for an official definition of accents. C．Appreciate the value of accents and dialects. D．Distinguish our local languages from others’． 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Language differences like these provide insights into people’s cultural experiences and backgrounds.”可推知，作者建议我们欣赏口音和方言的价值。故选C。 4．What can be a suitable title for the passage? A．Everyone Has an Accent B．Standard English Is at Risk C．Accents Enhance Our Identities D．Dialects Lead to Misunderstanding 答案　A 解析　标题归纳题。根据第二段的“In this sense，it’s pointless to point out that someone ‘has an accent’．We all do！”可推知，作者认为每个人都有口音，而且作者在最后一段指出不同的口音可以让我们更多地了解我们生活的世界，并在这一过程中结交朋友。因此可推断A项“Everyone Has an Accent”适合作本文标题。故选A。 B Cars powered by batteries made from seawater and planes fueled by ammonia(氨) will become common over the next 10 years，Bill David，a professor of materials chemistry has predicted. Most batteries for electric cars and smartphones are powered by lithium(锂)，which has to be mined，but David thinks that they will be overtaken by batteries made from sodium(钠)，which can be obtained from seawater and salt.The future of air travel could also be greener thanks to biofuels. David said，“We are developing an ammonia-based plane.In principle，we can improve on an Airbus A320 or a Boeing 787 and essentially replace jet fuel with ammonia.” David said that batteries could，at first，combine sodium and lithium，as sodium was not quite as powerful as lithium but is much more sufficient.“It’s not quite perfect in terms of performance，so we need both，” David said.“Sodium is on the way up and most electric cars have had a combination of lithium and sodium batteries in them.My estimate is that by 2040 I would not be surprised if there were ten times more sodium batteries than lithium ones，maybe even 100 times.” The first generation of mass-produced sodium batteries has been used for an electric car for the first time.Sodium will not be the final answer to eco-friendly air travel，however，which is why David’s team is looking into the use of ammonia.Some companies are looking into whether jet fuel can be replaced with hydrogen，but David sees ammonia as more sustainable.He said，“If you do the sums，then at 500mph you get the same amount of power as jet fuel，but just 40 per cent of the range.However，even with the range hit，a 787 could still go from London to New York.” However，a report from the Royal Society on net-zero aviation，which David co-wrote，says that replacing jet fuel with biofuel would require half of the agricultural land in the UK. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了英国材料化学教授比尔·戴维对未来的预测，他认为未来10年内，使用从海水和盐中提取的钠制造的电池以及使用氨作为燃料的飞机将会普及。 5．What is an advantage of sodium batteries? A．Their performance is easy to improve. B．Their raw material is easily accessible. C．They are widely applied to various vehicles. D．They are more powerful than other batteries. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Most batteries for electric cars and smartphones are powered by lithium(锂)，which has to be mined，but David thinks that they will be overtaken by batteries made from sodium(钠)，which can be obtained from seawater and salt.”可知，钠电池的优点在于原材料比锂更容易获得，故选B。 6．According to David，which is ideal for future electric cars? A．Lithium battery. B．Sodium battery. C．Hydrogen fuel. D．Ammonia fuel. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中“My estimate is that by 2040 I would not be surprised if there were ten times more sodium batteries than lithium ones，maybe even 100 times.”可知，未来电动汽车中钠电池的应用会更广泛，故选B。 7．What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A．Hydrogen casts a light on jet fuel market. B．Electric car makers favor sodium batteries. C．Ammonia features sustainability and practicability. D．Companies have mass-produced recycled batteries. 答案　C 解析　段落大意题。根据第五段中“Sodium will not be the final answer to eco-friendly air travel，however，which is why David’s team is looking into the use of ammonia.Some companies are looking into whether jet fuel can be replaced with hydrogen，but David sees ammonia as more sustainable.”可知，本段主要在讲氨具有可持续性和实用性的特点。故选C。 8．What’s David’s attitude to replacing jet fuel with biofuel? A．Tolerant. B．Unclear. C．Careful. D．Doubtful. 答案　C 解析　观点态度题。根据最后一段“However，a report from the Royal Society on net-zero aviation，which David co-wrote，says that replacing jet fuel with biofuel would require half of the agricultural land in the UK.”可知，他认为用生物燃料代替喷气燃料将需要英国一半的农业用地，故可推知，他对这一做法的态度是谨慎的，故选C。 Ⅱ.完形填空 I finally retired.After 30 years’__1__ as director of a radio station，I would have more time for housework，but I worried I’d lose the sense of __2__ I had felt in my profession. I pushed at the garage’s wooden doors，but they were__3__.I finally got the doors open and started to empty the shelves.Then my hand hit something __4__.It was a common old metal can.I __5__the cover and found a __6__ envelope with a postmark of May 13,1940 inside.__7__，I opened it and found some flower seeds in it，“Eighty years old！I wonder if they’ll still grow.” I __8__ the seeds in a plastic pot.I checked it every day，but nothing happened.“I guess they’re just too __9__ to be any good，” I told my wife Peg in __10__.I picked up the pot to get rid of it，but something made me __11__.I changed my mind and set it aside.Meanwhile，I was keeping __12__，improving my photography skills and teaching my granddaughters gardening. Six weeks later，I was out in the yard when I __13__to notice the pot.A new bit of green—a leaf had __14__.I proudly showed it off to my granddaughters.“Look，girls，even something this old can still __15__for its purpose and be pretty cool.Just like your grand-papa！” 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文，主题语境是“人与自我”。文章讲述了作者退休后在打扫仓库时发现一包存放了80年的种子，没想到最后它们居然发芽了。人也应该像这些种子一样带着使命感生活，即使退休不工作了。 1．A.dream B．belief C．study D．service 答案　D 解析　根据前文“I finally retired.”和后文“as director of a radio station”可知作者在电视台作为台长工作了30年。故选D。 2．A.freedom B．purpose C．trust D．security 答案　B 解析　根据最后一段中的“for its purpose”和“Just like your grandpapa！”可知，刚退休时，作者担心在生活中会失去工作时拥有的目标感。a sense of purpose意为“使命感，目标感”。故选B。 3．A.worn B．stuck C．broken D．lost 答案　B 解析　根据前文“I pushed at the garage’s wooden doors，but”以及后文“I finally got the doors open”可知，这个门卡住了。故选B。 4．A.delicate B．special C．hard D．sharp 答案　C 解析　根据后文“It was a common old metal can.”可知，我的手触碰到的是一个金属罐，它是坚硬的。故选C。 5．A.removed B．washed C．cleaned D．fastened 答案　A 解析　根据后文“...and found a ______ envelope with a postmark of May 13,1940 inside.”可知是打开盖子后才发现里面的东西，故选A。 6．A.labeled B．selected C．yellowed D．ruined 答案　C 解析　根据后文“with a postmark of May 13,1940 inside”可知，由于年代久远，信封早已泛黄。故选C。 7．A.Curiously B．Sincerely C．Skillfully D．Bravely 答案　A 解析　根据前文“with a postmark of May 13,1940 inside”可知，作者对这个邮戳日期很早的信封很感兴趣，所以好奇地将它打开。故选A。 8．A.collected B．planted C．abandoned D．stored 答案　B 解析　根据后文“the seeds in a plastic pot.I checked it every day”可知，作者把种子种在塑料盆里。故选B。 9．A.old B．wet C．weak D．small 答案　A 解析　根据前文中的“Eighty years old！I wonder if they’ll still grow.”及“I checked it every day，but nothing happened.”可知，作者认为种子没发芽，是因为它们存放时间太久了，故选A。 10．A.anger B．surprise C．regret D．relief 答案　C 解析　根据前文“I checked it every day，but nothing happened.”可知，作者期待的种子没有发芽，因此他很遗憾地告诉佩格。in regret表示“遗憾地”。故选C。 11．A.delay B．reflect C．hesitate D．disappoint 答案　C 解析　根据前文“I picked up the pot to get rid of it，but...”以及后文“I changed my mind and set it aside.”可知，作者想把它扔掉时又犹豫了。故选C。 12．A.upset B．awake C．social D．busy 答案　D 解析　根据后文“improving my photography skills and teaching my granddaughters gardening”可知，作者一直忙碌着，也忘了种子的事情。故选D。 13．A.expected B．attempted C．failed D．happened 答案　D 解析　根据上文“Meanwhile，I was keeping ____，improving my photography skills and teaching my granddaughters gardening.”和后文“A new bit of green—a leaf”可知，这段时期作者一直忙着别的事情，忘记了种子的事情，六周后他到院子里偶然发现了种子发芽。happen to do表示“碰巧做，偶然做”。故选D。 14．A.showed up B．fallen off C．taken off D．dried up 答案　A 解析　根据前文“A new bit of green—a leaf”和后文“Look，girls，even something this old can still ______ for its purpose and be pretty cool.”可知，新的绿叶出现了。故选A。 15．A.compete B．grow C．survive D．relax 答案　B 解析　根据前文“I wonder if they’ll still grow.”，“A new bit of green—a leaf”和后文“for its purpose”可知，这些种子为了自己的目标而生长。故选B。 Ⅲ.语法填空(★) Ai Kanxiang is about to finish his first semester at college,1.____________ he is working hard to make his dream come true.As a physical education major，he hopes 2.____________(become) a PE teacher and train China’s future soccer 3.__________(play)． Two years ago，though，his dream was even bigger.Ai wanted to join the men’s 4.____________(nation) soccer team，but the 20-year-old has experienced twists and turns on the soccer field. 5．____________(raise) in a small village in Yunnan，Ai got public attention last year after videos of him playing soccer in a river became popular.Demonstrating creativity，such as the way to do a precise bicycle kick in the water，he became 6.____________ online celebrity，with some fans even 7.____________(say) that he was “better than professional players”． But when Ai 8.____________(final) played with the team，he was beaten.He was barely able to keep up.His skills were not as strong as he 9.____________(imagine)，and he had little awareness of teamwork.Ai realized he needed more experience.So he set a new and more practical goal—to apply to university 10.____________ become a PE teacher. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文，叙述了一名足球爱好者希望成为一名体育老师，培养中国未来的足球球员。 1．答案　where 解析　考查定语从句。通过分析句子结构，设空处应为定语从句，修饰先行词college。定语从句中缺少状语，表示地点。故填where。 2．答案　to become 解析　考查非谓语动词。hope to do sth 为固定用法，不定式to do 作宾语。故填to become。 3．答案　players 解析　考查名词。 通过句意可知，空格处应填名词player表示“运动员”，player为可数名词，且其前无限定词，所以应使用名词复数形式。故填players。 4．答案　national 解析　考查形容词。通过分析句子可知，空格处应使用形容词作定语修饰名词soccer team。故填national。 5．答案　Raised 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，设空处应为非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语Ai 之间构成被动关系。位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Raised。 6．答案　an 解析　考查冠词。根据句意，此处泛指“一名网红”，且可数名词celebrity为单数，故应用不定冠词。其中online的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。 7．答案　saying 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，设空处为with的复合结构中宾语补足语的位置，say与宾语 some fans 构成主动关系。应使用saying 作some fans的宾语补足语。 故填saying。 8．答案　finally 解析　考查副词。修饰动词played，空格处应使用副词。故填finally。 9．答案　had imagined 解析　考查动词时态。根据句意可知，他的技术并不像他过去想象的那么强，表示过去的过去，应使用过去完成时。故填had imagined。 10．答案　and 解析　考查连词。根据句意和分析句子结构可知，句中to apply to...和(to) become...是并列的两个动词不定式短语，应用连词连接。故填and。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $